EP2029046A2 - Dispositif de prothèse dentaire à c ur polymère ayant une surface esthétique - Google Patents

Dispositif de prothèse dentaire à c ur polymère ayant une surface esthétique

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Publication number
EP2029046A2
EP2029046A2 EP07762308A EP07762308A EP2029046A2 EP 2029046 A2 EP2029046 A2 EP 2029046A2 EP 07762308 A EP07762308 A EP 07762308A EP 07762308 A EP07762308 A EP 07762308A EP 2029046 A2 EP2029046 A2 EP 2029046A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
dental device
prosthetic dental
polymer
approximately
ketone
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP07762308A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2029046A4 (fr
Inventor
Michael Wallick
Kai Zhang
Jeffrey A. Bassett
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Zimmer Dental Inc
Original Assignee
Zimmer Dental Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US11/420,024 external-priority patent/US20070015110A1/en
Priority claimed from US11/622,171 external-priority patent/US20070111165A1/en
Application filed by Zimmer Dental Inc filed Critical Zimmer Dental Inc
Publication of EP2029046A2 publication Critical patent/EP2029046A2/fr
Publication of EP2029046A4 publication Critical patent/EP2029046A4/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C8/00—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools
    • A61C8/0012—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools characterised by the material or composition, e.g. ceramics, surface layer, metal alloy
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C13/00—Dental prostheses; Making same
    • A61C13/08—Artificial teeth; Making same
    • A61C13/087—Artificial resin teeth
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C13/00—Dental prostheses; Making same
    • A61C13/08—Artificial teeth; Making same
    • A61C13/09—Composite teeth, e.g. front and back section; Multilayer teeth
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K6/00—Preparations for dentistry
    • A61K6/80—Preparations for artificial teeth, for filling teeth or for capping teeth
    • A61K6/884—Preparations for artificial teeth, for filling teeth or for capping teeth comprising natural or synthetic resins
    • A61K6/891—Compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to prosthetic dental devices and, more particularly, to methods and materials used to construct prosthetic dental devices.
  • Prosthetic dental devices include, for example, implants which are inserted into the mandible or maxilla of a patient. Other dental devices temporarily cover the implant until a sufficient amount of bone osseointegrates with the implant to support and anchor the implant during mastication. Such devices used during this "healing process" include provisional gingival cuffs, healing screws, healing collars and healing caps. Other structures include abutments which are attached to the implant to serve as a mount for a prosthetic tooth, and may be permanent or provisional. [0004] Some of these dental devices may be visible, or have portions that may be visible, when viewing a dental patient's face.
  • an abutment which supports a prosthesis can have a visible area near the gums that is not covered by the prosthesis.
  • these visible areas are made of metals or plastics that do not have the color of natural teeth
  • the dental devices provide a non-esthetically pleasing appearance on a person's face.
  • FIG. 1 is an exploded, cross-sectional view of a prosthetic dental device in accordance with one embodiment with features of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view of an abutment of the device of FIG. 1 ;
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the abutment taken along line III-III on FIG.
  • FIG. 4 is an exploded, cross-sectional view of another embodiment of a prosthetic dental device with features in accordance with the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of an alternative abutment in accordance with features of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is an exploded, fragmentary, perspective view of yet another embodiment of a prosthetic dental device in accordance with features of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of an alternative provisional device in accordance with features of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a flow chart of a general exemplary process for manufacturing a dental prosthetic device with features of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a flow chart of further steps for the process of FIG. 7.
  • a prosthetic dental device 10 is illustrated and is used for restoring an edentulous area in a dental patient's mouth.
  • the prosthetic dental device 10 has an abutment 12 threadedly mounted on an implant 14 on a person's jaw 16 during dental surgical procedures.
  • the jaw 16 may be the mandible or the maxilla.
  • the abutment 12 supports a tooth-shaped prosthesis 18 that may or may not cover the entire abutment 12.
  • a prosthesis or prosthetic tooth typically includes an inner cavity designed to accept an abutment and an outer portion that replicates the appearance and hardness of a natural tooth.
  • the prosthetic tooth may be cemented, screwed, or otherwise fastened to the abutment.
  • the abutment 12 has a core or an inner portion 20 and an esthetic outer layer or portion 22 that may be integrally formed with a metal retaining screw 24 for attachment to the implant 14.
  • the abutment 12 has a bore 26 to provide access to the head of the screw 24 and may be plugged with cement or other material once mounted on the implant 14.
  • the inner portion 20 is not particularly limited to any color since it is covered, as explained below, by the esthetic outer portion 22.
  • the inner portion 20 may have a high strength polymer with a dark color or other esthetically displeasing color that is substantially different than the color of natural teeth and different than the color of the outer portion 22.
  • the outer portion 22 is made of an outer material with an esthetically pleasing color that is substantially the same color as natural teeth.
  • the illustrated outer portion 22 covers substantially the entire inner portion 20. This may be provided when the prosthesis 18 is translucent and a dark colored inner portion 20 may show through the prosthesis. Of course, the outer portion 22 may also be provided covering substantially the entire inner portion 20 when it is more cost effective to do so during molding processes.
  • the outer portion is made of a polymer with a colorant.
  • the inner portion 20 and/or the outer portion 22 may be made of a composite material including a polymer mixed with a reinforcing component such as particulates, fibers, and/or porous foams described below.
  • a prosthetic dental device 40 has an abutment 42 with a through-bore 44 for receiving a separate retaining screw 46 which attaches the abutment 42 to an implant 48.
  • the implant 48 and the abutment 42 may have an anti-rotational and tactile connection structure, such as a hex connection and/or splines 50 (shown in dashed lines).
  • the abutment 42 has an outer portion 52 that covers at least parts of an inner portion 54 that are most likely to be left uncovered by the prosthesis 18 (shown in phantom line) such as by the gum line.
  • the outer portion 52 may be shaped to cover substantially only those parts of the inner portion 54 that will be left uncovered by the prosthesis.
  • the outer portion 52 may have extensions 56 (as shown in dashed line), to cover more of the inner portion 52 including parts of the inner portion 52 covered by the prosthesis 18.
  • the outer portion 54 also may have a cylindrical inner portion 58 to optionally cover the surface forming the through-bore 44.
  • a substantially cylindrical abutment 60 is illustrated and has a polymer-containing inner portion 62 of a dark, non-tooth color (such as black) covered by a polymer-containing, outer esthetic portion 64 that is substantially the same color as natural teeth (such as a white, ivory, or white-yellow shade, to name some possible examples).
  • the abutment 60 has a bore 66 to provide access to an integrally formed retaining screw 68.
  • the bore 66 is not coated with the material of the outer portion 64 in this example.
  • the cylindrical abutment 60 of FIG.5 was used for producing nine test examples, and the specific composition of the inner and outer materials for each of the nine produced examples are described in detail below.
  • a prosthetic dental device 70 has a healing screw 78 with the described inner and outer portions.
  • the prosthetic dental device 70 includes a threaded dental implant 72 that engages a hole 74 in a mandible 76 or maxilla, which is created during a surgical procedure or following tooth extraction.
  • the healing screw 78 includes a threaded shaft 80 extending from a head 82.
  • the threaded shaft 80 engages a threaded aperture 84 of the implant 72.
  • the healing screw 78 prevents debris from entering, and gingival tissue from growing into, the aperture 84 while the mandible 76 heals during the osseointegration of the implant 72 with the mandible 76.
  • at least the top of the head 82 of the healing screw 78 may have a polymer-based esthetic outer portion over a polymer-based inner portion.
  • Other dental devices also may have the described inner and outer portions such as a gingival cuff which is meant to be placed near the gum line.
  • a provisional device such as a fixture mount 90 as shown in FIG. 7, may be used to place the implant into the surgical site.
  • a screw shaped implant connected to the fixture mount 90 could be threaded into the site by applying a driving tool to a polygonal recess 92 on the fixture mount. This fixture mount 90 would be pre-assembled to the dental implant by the manufacturer.
  • both the inner portion and the outer portion are made of a polymer material.
  • the polymer material can be a thermoplastic polymer including, without limitation, a poly(aryl ketone), including aromatic polyether ketones, such as polyether ether ketone (PEEK), polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), polyaryl ether ketone (PAEK), polyether ketone (PEK), polyether ketone ether ketone ketone (PEKEKK), polyether ketone ketone (PEKK), and/or polyetherimide (PEI), polysulfone (PSu), and polyphenylsulfone (PPSu), or a combination of thermoplastic polymers.
  • a poly(aryl ketone) including aromatic polyether ketones, such as polyether ether ketone (PEEK), polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), polyaryl ether ketone (PAEK), polyether ketone (PEK), polyether ketone ether ketone ketone (PEKEKK), polyether ketone ketone (PEKK), and/or polyether
  • Another suitable polymer is Radel ® polyphenylsulfone available from Solvay Advanced Polymers, LLC, headquartered in Alpharetta, GA.
  • Other sufficient PEEK polymers include PEEK GATONE TM (provided by Gharda, Inc., Mumbai, India), PEEK 450 (provided by Victrex, Inc., Lancashire, United Kingdom), and PEEK-CLASSIX ® (provided by Invibio, Inc., Lancashire, United Kingdom).
  • An acceptable PEKK polymer includes PEKK Al 050 (provided by Polymics, Inc., State College, PA). [0024] By one approach, and as used for the nine produced examples, at least one of the inner portion and the outer portion are formed of PEEK or PEKK.
  • both the inner portion and the outer portion may be formed of the same polymer or one portion may be formed of PEEK while the other portion is formed of PEKK.
  • the inner and /or outer material may be a composite material that includes a reinforcing component.
  • the reinforcing component can be particles, fibers, and/or porous foams, including, without limitation, carbon, alumina, zirconia, yttria-stabilized zirconia, magnesium-stabilized zirconia, E-glass, S-glass, calcium phosphates, alumina, titanium dioxide, and/or calcium phosphates, such as hydroxyapatite or a biphasic calcium phosphate comprised of hydroxyapatite and tricalcium phosphate which also improve osseointegration of the dental device with surrounding bone.
  • the fibers also may be other metal or alloy-based materials such as titanium, Ti 6 Al 4 V, Ta, stainless steel, and/or 316L stainless steel, or may even be made of the polymers themselves, such as PEEK, PEKK, or other aramid fibers such as Kevlar ® (provided by E.I.duPont de Nemours and Co., Wilmington, DE).
  • a polymer reinforcing component may be placed in the same polymer material forming the bulk or matrix of the inner or outer portions.
  • the proportion of reinforcing component, such as ceramic particles or fibers, in the inner or outer composite material is equal to or less than approximately 70% by weight of the total inner or outer composite material, preferably between approximately 20 to 60% and, most preferably, between approximately 30 to 50%. In one case, the fibers are provided at about 30%, and in another case, the fibers are provided at about 35%. The proportion may be equal to or less than approximately 99% when, for example, the reinforcing component is relatively heavy, metal-based fibers or foam, such as a Ta foam.
  • the reinforcing component also referred to as a filler material, can include, without limitation, spherical shapes, elongate fibers, or other shapes.
  • the reinforcing component includes nanoparticles with a size range from about 1 nm to about 100 nm, and/or microparticles with a size range from about 100 nm to about 100 ⁇ m.
  • These fibers may have a length-to-diameter ratio in a range of about 1 to 1000. In some cases, this ratio may be as low as about 10, 20, or 25 and as high as about 100, 150 or 1000.
  • the length of the fibers can vary to as short as about 1 mm and as long as about 50 mm.
  • fibers were about 1-2 mm long and had length-to-diameter ratios of about 8-16.
  • Other examples provide more desirable length-to-diameter ratios of about 250 to 860, where the lengths of the fibers are 5-6 mm.
  • the fibers may have a varying diameter in order to increase resistance to wear, and may include various types of fibers and particles including nanoparticles that fuse to fibers to increase the fracture toughness of the composite material or to control the color of the composite material. These alternative features are explained in detail in the parent U.S. patent application.
  • the outer material is substantially the same color as natural teeth.
  • the raw polymer materials PEEK-CLAS SIX ® and ULTEM ® are obtained with the colorant already mixed with the polymer. For other raw polymer materials, the colorant must be added to the polymer to obtain the desired natural-tooth color.
  • the colorant mixed with the polymer is an inorganic material, such as rutile and/or titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ).
  • the colorant is provided, by total weight of the inner or outer composite material, at about approximately less than 20%, but preferably approximately between 5 to 15% and, more preferably, between 7 to 12%. For some of the nine produced examples, the colorant is provided at approximately 10% of the composite material weight.
  • the colorant also is provided with a particle size of about 0.1 to 100 ⁇ m and, more preferably, from about 0.1 to 10 ⁇ m and, most preferably, from about 0.5 to 5 ⁇ m.
  • a method for forming 100 a prosthetic dental device includes providing 102 an outer material.
  • a raw polymer material that already has a desired esthetic color and/or is pre-mixed with a reinforcing component may be obtained.
  • the raw material is provided in pellets that may only need milling to a desired size before the pellets are ready to be heated for injection into a mold.
  • a compounding process may be used to heat a polymer material 116, a separately provided colorant 118 (if present), and/or a separately provided reinforcing component 120 (if present) into a viscous state and mechanically mix 124 the heated substances into a composite material 126.
  • dry pre-blending may be performed to better achieve good dispersion using a suitable mixer, such as a Sigma-type mixer, if necessary.
  • the polymer material may possess a desired viscous state at substantially room temperature and may not need to be heated. It is desirable to mix the composite material 126 until the colorant 118 and the reinforcing component 120 is substantially evenly distributed throughout the polymer material.
  • the composite material 126 is extruded or pressed through an orifice of a die. As the composite material exits the orifice, it is cut into small, semi-cylindrical pieces, or pellets.
  • This compounding process may be performed using a ZSK-25 twin screw extruder. Alternatively, the composite material may be directly inserted into a mold. It will also be understood that the composite material could be formed into at least one block that is subsequently altered into a desired shape.
  • the reinforcing component 120, or the composite material 126 may optionally be treated with a coupling agent 122 in order to increase molecular bonding in the material and between the inner and outer portions.
  • Pellets ready for injection molding are then transferred into an injection molding machine, in which the outer material, for example, and particularly the polymer material component, is heated to obtain a desired viscosity unless the outer material possesses a desired viscous state at substantially room temperature. Once the material is in a desired viscous state, it is injected as described below. During this process, the reinforcing component and colorant, if present, remains substantially suspended within the polymer material.
  • the same process for providing the outer material may be used to provide the inner material 104 as well.
  • an over-molding or two- stage molding injection process (also called multi-component, transfer or insert molding) was used to form the prosthetic devices with an Engel 100 TL injection molding machine.
  • the material for the inner portion was injected 106 into a first mold for forming the inner portion or core of an abutment and over a retainer screw.
  • the core was sufficiently cooled and solidified, it was inserted into a second mold.
  • the material for the esthetic outer portion was then injected 108 into the second mold and over the solidified inner portion.
  • the two materials are injected separately, a chemical bond or a mechanically interlocking structure may be formed between the two portions.
  • the materials are then permitted to cool to form 110 of the dental device.
  • the examples may be formed by co-injection molding.
  • a single mold is used and the outer material is injected 112 into the mold first to form the esthetic outer portion.
  • the outer material When the outer material is injected, it forms a fountain flow and begins to fill and coat the outer surfaces of the mold cavity.
  • the inner material is then injected 114 immediately following the outer material before can cool and solidify. This results in improved bonding and interlocking properties at the interface between the inner and outer portions.
  • the materials then set in the mold to form 110 the prosthetic dental device.
  • the prosthetic dental device is in a substantially solid form and can be removed from the mold.
  • the prosthetic dental device can be machined and polished to reduce undesired deformities and surface roughness. Additionally, the outer surface of the dental device may be treated by a gas plasma cleaning process to enhance bonding between the prosthetic dental device and an adhesive that may be used to attach to a prosthesis, for example, if desired.
  • the prosthetic dental device may have other layers in addition to the inner and outer portions described above.
  • the color of each layer may be selected to provide a range or gradient of colors in the same device.
  • the materials for each layer may be selected to provide different structural or chemical properties in different regions of the prosthetic dental device.
  • Such extra layer or layers may be formed under the inner portion, between the inner and outer portions, or over the outer portion. It will be appreciated that the surface finish and other optical properties, including, without limitation, reflectance, opacity and specularity also can be adjusted by the selection of the polymer material, the reinforcing component, and/or additives as mentioned herein.
  • compositions of the materials for each produced example are listed in Table I as well as described below. While these examples were provided for a cylindrical abutment such as that depicted in FIG. 5, the composition for the inner and outer portions for each example could be used on any of the other dental devices described herein and any other dental device that requires both strength for mastication and a natural-tooth color. All percentages below are weight percentages unless indicated otherwise.
  • the outer esthetic material is made from a raw polymer or composite material that is already premixed with a colorant to provide a natural tooth color.
  • a separate colorant is mixed with the raw polymer or composite material to establish the natural-tooth color.
  • Example 1 the inner material is a composite with polyether ether ketone and specifically PEEK GATONETM 5330 CF (provided by Gharda, Inc.).
  • the PEEK is provided in pellets premixed with about 30 wt. % carbon fibers. More specifically, the carbon fibers comprise about 30% of the combined weight of the carbon fibers and PEEK mixed together.
  • the inner composite material has a dark black color.
  • ULTEM ® 1010 polyetherimide by GE Plastics, Inc.
  • This outer material is substantially the same color as natural teeth and has low translucency so that the black inner material is substantially undetectable through the outer material.
  • the inner composite material was heated and injected into a first mold for forming the core of the abutment. It was then permitted to cool before placing the solidified core in a second mold. The outer material was then heated and injected into the second mold and over the inner material where it was permitted to cool to complete the dental abutment. Once cooled, the abutment was removed from the mold and machined and/or cleaned as required.
  • Example 2 In this example, the method of producing an abutment was the same method as described in Example 1, except the ULTEM ® 1010 polyetherimide for the outer material was replaced with the PEEK-CLASSIX ® polymer which is also substantially the same color as natural teeth and has low translucency.
  • the carbon fibers in the inner composite material have a length of about 5-6 mm and a diameter of about 7 ⁇ m for a length- to-diameter ratio in a range of about 715 to 860.
  • the inner composite material includes the polymer PEEK 450 (by Victrex Inc.) provided as pellets.
  • the PEEK was milled into a powder and sieved with a 200 mesh sieve.
  • About 30 wt. % alumina fibers (AlO 2 ) were then mixed with the PEEK in a Sigma-type mixer to provide the reinforcing component.
  • the alumina fibers have a diameter of about 120 ⁇ m and a length of about 1-2 mm for a length-to-diameter ratio of about 8 to 16.
  • the inner composite material in powder form was then compounded with a ZSK-25 twin-screw extruder into composite pellets.
  • Example 4 the esthetic outer material is the same as Example 3 and is prepared in the same manner.
  • the PEKK Al 050 polymer by Polymics, Inc.
  • AlO 2 alumina fibers
  • the inner composite material includes PEKK A 1050 with about 30 wt. % zirconia fibers (ZrO 2 ) present as a reinforcing component.
  • the zirconia fibers also have a diameter of about 120 ⁇ m and a length of about 1-2 mm.
  • the PEKK and zirconia fibers were mixed and compounded as described above for the inner material of Example 3 and formed a black substance with the zirconia fibers showing as light colored specks.
  • the substantially tooth-colored ULTEM ® 1010 was used as the esthetic outer material. Both the inner and outer materials were injected as explained above for Example 1.
  • Example 6 In this example, the method of producing an abutment was the same as the method described in Example 5, except the esthetic outer material was PEEK- CLASSIX ® instead of the ULTEM ® 1010.
  • Example 7 the inner material is the black PEKK A 1050 polymer without a further reinforcing component
  • the outer composite material is the PEKK Al 050 polymer mixed and compounded with 35 wt. % of E-glass fibers as the primary reinforcing component and 10 wt. % of titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) as a colorant to provide the outer composite material with a color substantially the same as natural teeth.
  • the E-glass fibers have a length of about 5-6 mm and a diameter of about 10-20 ⁇ m for length- to-diameter ratios of about 250 to 600. Both the inner and outer materials were injected as explained above for Example 1.
  • a mechanically strong carbon reinforced material is used to form the inner portion of a prosthetic component while a TiO 2 filled material is used to form the outer portion.
  • the carbon reinforced inner portion, composite material is a dark color, which is unattractive for a dental application, but is covered with a white, esthetically pleasing TiO 2 filled outer, composite material.
  • the outer composite material is the same as that for Example 7, while the inner composite material is the PEEK GATONETM 5330 CF with pre-mixed carbon fibers instead of the PEKK A1050.
  • the method for mixing and compounding the outer composite material is as explained for Example 7 and the method of injecting both the inner and outer materials is as explained for Example 1.
  • the carbon fibers of the inner material provided a length-to-diameter ratio of 715 to 860, while the length-to-diameter ratio of the outer material is about 250 to 600.
  • Example 9 the outer composite material was the same as that for Example 7 including the TiO 2 colorant, while the inner material is the black PEEK 450 without a further reinforcing component.
  • the method for mixing and compounding the outer material is as explained for Example 7, while the method of injecting both the inner and outer materials is as explained for Example 1.
  • the inner composite material produced by the method disclosed in Examples 1 , 2 and 8 has a modulus of elasticity, or tensile modulus, of about 3146 ksi.
  • a modulus of elasticity, or tensile modulus was determined by placing a specimen of the composite material in compression and similarly recording the deflection.
  • the modulus of elasticity may be increased by (1) increasing the fiber aspect ratio (length-to-diameter ratio), where applicable, (2) further improving the interface or bonding between the reinforcing component and polymer materials via coupling agents, and (3) improving the compounding and molding processes to better mix the reinforcing component within the plastic material to achieve a more even distribution and to decrease the inclusion of impurities and porosities in the composite material.
  • one examplary desired range for the plastic modulus of the inner material is 3146 ksi or greater.
  • the ways to increase the modulus of elasticity are not limited to the inner material and apply equally to the outer material.
  • the outer composite material produced by the method disclosed in Example 2 had an average modulus of elasticity, of about 391 ksi. This includes values within ⁇ 28 standard deviation from the average value.
  • the range of an average modulus of elasticity of about 391 ksi would include values as low as about 363 ksi and as high as about 419 ksi.
  • the average modulus of elasticity is about 957 ksi including a modulus as low as about 875 ksi and as high as 1039 ksi due to a ⁇ 82 standard deviation.
  • the desired elastic modulus is equal to or greater than about 363 ksi (Example 2) or equal to or greater than 875 ksi (Example 8).
  • an abutment can be formed with a modulus of elasticity of the inner portion greater than the modulus of elasticity of the outer portion. This permits the use of esthetically pleasing but relatively weaker materials to form the outer portion.
  • the elastic modulus of the inner portion is at least about eight times greater than that of the outer portion, while for Example 8 the elastic modulus of the inner portion is at least about three times greater than that of the outer portion.
  • the modulus of elasticity of the composite material generally depends on at least the polymer material, and the type and quantity of reinforcing components mixed within the polymer material.
  • the modulus of elasticity also depends on whether the reinforcing component includes continuous or non-continuous fibers, and whether the fibers are oriented with the load directions.
  • the modulus of elasticity of the composite, E c is determined by Equation (1) below:
  • E m and E f are the moduli of the polymer matrix and the ceramic fibers, respectively
  • the critical length of the fiber is dependent on the fiber diameter, the fiber's ultimate strength, and the bond strength between the fiber and the plastic matrix. For a number of combinations, this critical length is on the order of about 1 mm.
  • Equation (2) For a continuous fiber-reinforced composite in which the fiber is aligned in the transverse direction to the load, the composite modulus of elasticity is determined by Equation (2) below:
  • Equation (3) For discontinuous and randomly oriented fibers, the composite modulus of elasticity is determined by Equation (3) below:
  • Equations (4) and (5) the upper and lower bounds of the modulus of elasticity for the composites composed of particulate fillers are determined by Equations (4) and (5) below:
  • a composite material for the inner or outer portions may include a ceramic matrix with pores, and an organic material, such as a thermoset plastic, contained in the pores. This alternative composite material also is fully described in detail in the parent application.

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif de prothèse dentaire comportant une portion interne formée d'un matériau interne et une portion externe formée d'un matériau externe qui recouvre au moins une partie de la portion interne. Le matériau interne est sensiblement différent de la couleur des dents naturelles alors que la matériau externe est sensiblement de la même couleur que les dents naturelles. Le matériau interne et le matériau externe comprennent tous deux un polymère.
EP07762308.0A 2006-05-24 2007-05-23 Dispositif de prothèse dentaire à c ur polymère ayant une surface esthétique Withdrawn EP2029046A4 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US11/420,024 US20070015110A1 (en) 2005-05-26 2006-05-24 Prosthetic dental device
US11/622,171 US20070111165A1 (en) 2005-05-26 2007-01-11 Polymer Core Prosthetic Dental Device with an Esthetic Surface
PCT/US2007/069562 WO2007140217A2 (fr) 2006-05-24 2007-05-23 Dispositif de prothèse dentaire à cœur polymère ayant une surface esthétique

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2029046A2 true EP2029046A2 (fr) 2009-03-04
EP2029046A4 EP2029046A4 (fr) 2014-11-26

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EP07762308.0A Withdrawn EP2029046A4 (fr) 2006-05-24 2007-05-23 Dispositif de prothèse dentaire à c ur polymère ayant une surface esthétique

Country Status (5)

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EP (1) EP2029046A4 (fr)
JP (1) JP2009538211A (fr)
AU (1) AU2007267640A1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2653274A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2007140217A2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8814567B2 (en) 2005-05-26 2014-08-26 Zimmer Dental, Inc. Dental implant prosthetic device with improved osseointegration and esthetic features
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DE102007013415A1 (de) * 2007-03-20 2008-09-25 Vekörrer, Franz Verbundwerkstoff
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AU2007267640A1 (en) 2007-12-06
WO2007140217A2 (fr) 2007-12-06
CA2653274A1 (fr) 2007-12-06
JP2009538211A (ja) 2009-11-05
WO2007140217A3 (fr) 2008-10-09
EP2029046A4 (fr) 2014-11-26

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