EP2027620A2

EP2027620A2 - Device for closing and/or filling a single galvanic cell

Info

Publication number: EP2027620A2
Application number: EP07785521A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Bernhard Fröhlich; Peter Steffahn; Thomas Koch; Christian Hoffgaard; Reinhold Wein
Original assignee: Froetek Vermoegensverwaltung GmbH
Current assignee: Froetek Vermoegensverwaltung GmbH
Priority date: 2006-06-09
Filing date: 2007-06-08
Publication date: 2009-02-25
Also published as: DE102006054656A1; WO2007140767A2; WO2007140767A3; DE112007001897A5

Abstract

To further develop closing devices for galvanic cells, in particular of a battery and/or an accumulator, the invention proposes a device for closing and/or filling a single galvanic cell, for example of a battery or an accumulator, which has means of determining a liquid level, wherein the device is distinguished by additional means of determining at least one other state of the cell.

Description

Device for closing and / or filling a single galvanic cell, arrangement of a plurality of such closing devices, battery and / or accumulator for providing

Energy and method for determining a state of a battery and method for producing such a device

[01] The invention relates to a device for closing and / or filling a single galvanic cell, for example a battery or a rechargeable battery, the device having means for determining a fluid level.

[02] Furthermore, the invention relates to an arrangement of a plurality of closure devices for closing access openings, such as single openings, galvanic cells, in which a closure device in each case closes an access opening of one of the galvanic cells, for example a battery or a rechargeable battery.

[03] The invention also relates to a battery and / or an accumulator for providing energy with a plurality of individual cells, each individual cell having a closable access opening, such as a closable filling opening for filling the individual cell.

[04] The invention also relates to a method for determining a state of a battery having a plurality of galvanic cells and / or an accumulator having a plurality of galvanic cells and a method for producing a device for closing and / or filling a galvanic cell, in which a body of the Device is molded from a plastic and / or molded from a plastic.

[05] Devices for closing, in particular, fill-in openings of galvanic cells, for example in the case of batteries or accumulators, are widely known from the prior art. In the simplest case, such devices consist of a plastic stopper with a thread, which is screwed into a thread of the Einfullöffhung and in this case the filling reliably closed, so that no liquid can escape from the galvanic cell in the environment of the battery or the accumulator.

[06] In addition, there are higher-quality closure devices that include a refilling automatic, by means of which a lack of fluid within a battery or a rechargeable battery can be compensated or prevented. In this automatic refilling is a valve, which in conjunction with a Nachfiillvorgang controls a movable float with respect to a required amount of water. If, for example, a certain fill level is reached, the further feed is blocked by the upcoming water pressure. Particularly in applications in which powerful and large batteries or accumulators are used with a variety of galvanic single cells, destruction of a battery or a rechargeable battery is very expensive. In addition, the mechanics of known refill automatic is very vulnerable, since the measurement of the liquid level is made with a movable float. In this case, negative influences, such as dirt, such as dirt or other particles, forming deposits, jamming or jamming of moving components, lead to negative effects or even total failure of the automatic refill.

[07] It is an object of the present invention, in particular to develop such a closure device further, so that their reliability is improved and permanently guaranteed.

The object of the invention is achieved by a device for closing and / or filling a single galvanic cell, for example a battery or a rechargeable battery, wherein the device has means for determining a liquid level, and the device is further characterized by further Means for determining at least one further cell state distinguished.

[09] The present device is thus primarily used firstly to close a galvanic cell tightly and at the same time to determine the other by means of suitable means, ideally always, more than two cell states.

This makes it possible by means of a "sealing plug" close a cell access tight and at the same time receive almost any amount of information about the physical states preferably all galvanic cells of a battery or a rechargeable battery without having to use a special test device for this additional.

[11] The present device can be arranged in any access opening of a galvanic cell. In particular, can be used for arranging a Einfüllöffήung the galvanic cell.

[12] For the purposes of the invention, the term "galvanic cell" describes a cell by means of which electrical energy can be provided. In the present case, the term galvanic cell preferably describes a single cell of a battery or a rechargeable battery. A preferred embodiment provides that the present device means for automatically filling the individual galvanic cell, means for indicating the liquid state of the individual galvanic cell, means for determining a temperature of the individual galvanic cell, means for determining a density of an electrolyte individual galvanic cell, means for determining a cell voltage of the galvanic cell, means for determining a charging and / or discharging current of the individual galvanic cell, means for displaying a charging and / or discharging current of the individual galvanic cell, means for determining a capacitance the individual galvanic cell, means for determining a resistance of the individual galvanic cell, means for determining a cell identification of the individual galvanic cell and / or means for controlling the device and / or one of the said means of the device.

Known closure devices of the prior art do not have such agents or a combination of such agents. However, these means considerably expand the functions of a known closure device.

Thus, means for automatically filling the individual galvanic cell facilitate the accurate refilling of a galvanic cell considerably.

The means for displaying the liquid level visualize immediately the functional level of the galvanic cell.

[17] The means for determining a temperature allow, for example, conclusions about the load and / or the load capacity of the galvanic cell.

[18] The means for determining a density of an electrolyte give particular indications of the maintenance condition of the galvanic cell.

The means for determining a cell voltage of the individual galvanic cell can provide conclusions about the current and future achievable performance of the galvanic cell.

A more precise monitoring of a battery or a rechargeable battery can be carried out by means of indicating the state of the charging and / or discharging current of the present closing or filling device. In particular, conclusions can be drawn on the expected lifespan of each individual galvanic cell. Cumulatively or alternatively, the device is characterized by these display means, which ideally also provide all determined or calculated state variables and can optionally display. [21] Particularly advantageous for the assessment of the power capacity or the state of each of the galvanic cells are the means for determining a capacitance and / or the means for determining a resistance of a single galvanic cell.

[22] In order for the data obtained to be uniquely assigned to a single galvanic cell, it is advantageous if the device has means for determining a cell identification.

[23] A particularly advantageous embodiment variant provides that the present device has a valve device with an electromagnetically actuated valve.

[24] By means of the electromagnetically actuated valve, a more accurate charging of the cell is possible. The risk that due to a float defect refilling of a galvanic single cell is disturbed is reduced.

[25] Preferably, the electromagnetically operable valve is supplied with energy from the battery and / or from the accumulator or from the galvanic single cell, in whose or at the filling opening the closure or filling device is arranged.

[26] A variant embodiment provides that the valve device has a bistable valve. Bistable valves have the advantage that, in order to maintain a permanent function, such as "valve open" or "valve closed", they ideally require no or only negligibly low energy. Only when an action is carried out, that is, a first steady state of the valve passes into another steady state of the valve, this energy is required.

[27] The features which are described in connection with the valve device with the electromagnetically acting valve, are also without the other features of the invention advantageous because with them a closure device for access openings of galvanic cells is advantageously further developed.

[28] In addition, control means are advantageous for controlling the individual functions, in particular also for controlling the functional level of the present device.

[29] Depending on the location or requirements of the battery or Akkumulatorenüberwachung the present device may have all the means mentioned or even a combination of the aforementioned means. In many cases, it is not necessary for the device to have all the above functions. In these cases, a simple embodiment of the present device can be used. [0003] Since monitoring of batteries or accumulators will become increasingly important in future due to the complexity and variety of possible uses, in particular in the automotive and forklift sector, it is advantageous if the device has means for remote monitoring of the individual galvanic cell , In particular, this makes it possible to carry out maintenance, repair and / or replacement work on or from in-use batteries and / or accumulators advantageous.

[31] For unrestricted data exchange, it is particularly advantageous if the device has a data interface for transmitting data of the individual galvanic cell.

[32] It is advantageous if the device has means for electronic, in particular for digital, data transmission.

[33] In order to obtain the most accurate data, it is advantageous if the device comprises means for cleaning and / or means for flushing sensors of the device and / or their means.

[34] In order for the present device not to require a remote power supply, it is advantageous if the device has means for tapping energy from at least one galvanic cell.

[35] In order to be able to build the device as compact as possible, it is advantageous if the device has a main body of an electrically insulated plastic and / or of an electrically conductive plastic. In particular, can be dispensed with additional conductor components in such an embodiment variant. In particular, with the electrically conductive plastic measuring signals can be forwarded particularly unproblematic.

[36] In order that the present device can be easily supplied with energy, it is advantageous if the closing or filling device comprises a device for tapping electric current on an electrical cable, which is surrounded with insulation, and the tapping device for penetrating the Insulation comprises a contact device, wherein the contact device comprises a contact tip. By means of such a pick-off device, it is structurally particularly easy to tap electricity from insulated cables without equipping the insulated electrical cable with a suitable removal point for electrical current. It is particularly advantageous that the present contact device comprises a contact tip, so that the insulation of the electrical cable can be penetrated particularly easily by means of the contact tip. In a particularly simple embodiment of the invention, the contact device may be provided only by the contact tip. [37] A preferred embodiment provides that the contact tip is conical. The conicity of the contact tip squeezes the insulation of the electrical cable at a puncture site the more the deeper the contact tip penetrates into the electrical cable. As a result, the puncture site, in which the insulation of the electric cable is injured by the contact tip, sealed particularly well. This in turn ensures that moisture, if any, only very limited to the interior of the electrical cable whose insulation has been penetrated passes.

It has been found that a slightly longer trained contact tip is particularly suitable for use in connection with flexible electrical cables. Thus, it is advantageous in terms of a variant embodiment, when the contact tip has a length between 10 mm and 30 mm. It goes without saying that, depending on the cable thickness, longer contact tips can also be used.

[39] However, when the electrical cables are rigid cables, such as rigid connectors with a core of electrically conductive solid material between galvanic cells or between individual batteries or accumulators, it is advantageous if the contact tip is shorter. Accordingly, an embodiment variant for use with rigid cables provides a contact tip whose length is less than 10 mm.

In order to be able to conduct electrical current from the contact tip to a consumer, it is advantageous if the present contact device or the present contact tip is welded in a connection region to an electrical connection line. It is understood that the contact device or the contact tip in this connection region can be permanently brought into contact with the electrical connection line by means of other connection techniques. The main thing is the chosen connection type is an economical low-cost connection method, which ensures a high quality of connection and a long-term high load connection time.

[4I] In order to be able to connect the pick-off device, for example, to the present closure or filling device, it is advantageous if the electrical connection line can be fixedly but detachably connected to a battery or accumulator monitoring device. It is understood that the tapping device by means of the electrical connection line is also advantageously connected to other power consumers.

[42] In this context, it is advantageous if the electrical connection line is flexible. So even unfavorable consumers can be reached. [43] So that the "tapped" current can be passed on safely by means of the electrical connection line, it is advantageous if the electrical connection line has an insulating sheathing.

[44] Here, it is advantageous if the insulating sheathing of the electrical connection line is arranged at a distance of less than 10 mm, preferably at a distance of less than 5 mm, to the connection area. By means of this small distance it is ensured that only a very short uninsulated transition region between the contact tip and the electrical connection line must be bridged by means of an additional insulation after establishing the connection between the contact tip and the electrical connection cable.

[45] In order to isolate in particular the bridging area between the contact device or the contact tip and the electrical connection line structurally particularly simple, it is advantageous if the present device has an insulating sheath which surrounds a transition region between the contact device and the contact tip and an electrical connection line , Advantageously, the insulating sheath is injected in the present case around the corresponding components.

[46] In order that the insulating sheath permanently maintains a good connection to the electrical connection line, it is advantageous if the insulating sheath at least partially surrounds the electrical connection line.

[47] Sufficient overlap between the insulating sheath and the electrical connection line is ensured if the insulating sheath covers the electrical connection line and / or the electrical connection sheath up to 30 mm, preferably up to 50 mm, from the end of the transition area Sheath wrapped.

[48] In order for a bare, uninsulated contact tip part, on the one hand, to penetrate the insulation of the electrical cable and, on the other hand, for the electrical connecting line to penetrate the insulating sheath, it is advantageous for the insulating sheath to have a contact tip outlet opening and a connection outlet opening.

As explained, the puncture site on the insulation of the electric cable is already well sealed due to the conical shape. A further seal is also achieved if the tapping device has sealing means by means of which the puncture site of the contact tip can be sealed to the electrical cable. [50] For the sake of completeness, it should be noted at this point that the sealing means are arranged on the side of the contact tip in order to additionally seal the puncture site in the insulation of the electric cable.

[51] For this purpose, it is advantageous if the sealing means have a survey surrounding the contact tip. The sealing means in the sense of the present invention thus form a first elevation around the contact tip.

[52] It is advantageous if the sealing means are arranged annularly around the contact tip.

[53] A particularly simple construction is when the sealing means are formed by means of the insulating sheath.

[54] Moreover, it is advantageous if the present pick-off device is permanently and reliably arranged on the insulated electrical cable. This is particularly well ensured if the tapping devices has adjusting means, by means of which the tapping device can be aligned with respect to the electrical cable and remains aligned with the electrical cable.

[55] For example, it is ensured with such adjustment means that the pick-off device is fastened more torsionally to the electrical cable.

[56] In this connection, it is advantageous if the adjusting means are arranged on the side of the contact tip.

[57] Structurally particularly simple adjustment means are formed by surveys of the insulating sheath.

[58] A preferred embodiment provides that the elevations are opposite and see between the surveys, the contact tip is arranged.

Since the contact tip is already surrounded by a first elevation in connection with the sealing means, a variant with adjusting means provides that the adjusting means form outer elevations around the contact tip. In such a case, the sealing means are formed by an inner elevation.

[60] So that the tapping device is not only arranged against rotation on the electric cable, but beyond that fixed fixable can be arranged, it is advantageous if the tapping device has a fixation for fastening the tapping device to the electrical cable. [6I] It is understood that such a fixation can be realized constructively in different ways.

In practice, it has been found that the fixation is particularly advantageous if it has a flexible fixing strap, which can be bent around the electrical cable. By means of this flexible fixing the present tapping device can be securely and firmly attached to the electrical cable.

[63] So that the fixation and thus the tapping device can be attached to the electric cable even with a very high force and the danger is thereby reduced that the flexible fixing strap unintentionally releases, it is advantageous if the fixation comprises a fixing strap receptacle in which the flexible fixing strap can be inserted and fixed.

[64] The present fixation is structurally particularly simple if the fixation forms part of the insulating sheath.

[65] It is advantageous if the flexible fixing strap comprises locking means which correspond to further latching means of the tab receptacle and permit a relative movement between flexible fixing strap and Fixierbandaufhahme only in a direction of movement. Thus, the flexible fixing belt can be moved only in a direction of movement through the Fixierbandaufnahme. Consequently, the enclosure of the flexible fixing strap around the electric cable can thereby be pulled very tightly. However, this connection can not be solved without actuating an unlocking device.

[66] If the described fixation on the tapping device or on the shell of the tapping device itself is not provided, it is advantageous if the tapping device has a receiving plateau for external fixing means, by means of which the tapping device can be fastened to the electric cable. Such receiving or placing means may be provided cumulatively or alternatively to the described fixation on the present tapping device.

[67] It should be noted at this point that the present tapping device can be advantageously used not only in connection with the present closing and filling device. On the contrary, by means of the pick-off device, numerous further fields of application are developed, from which it is necessary to remove electricity from an insulated electrical cable or to divert part of the electricity from this insulated electrical cable. [68] Accordingly, all the features associated with the illustrated tapping device are advantageous and inventive even without the other features of the present invention.

The object of the present invention is also achieved by an arrangement of a plurality of closure devices for closing access openings, such as Einfüllöfrhungen, galvanic cells, in which a closure device closes an access opening of one of the galvanic cells, such as a battery or a rechargeable battery, and Arrangement comprising a primary closure means and at least one secondary closure means and communicates at least one secondary closure means with the primary closure means.

[70] It has been recognized that it is not absolutely necessary to make each closure device of a galvanic cell identical to a battery or a rechargeable battery. For example, depending on the application, in the case of individual closure devices, such as the secondary closure devices, equipment features with regard to the means explained here can be dispensed with. Thus, secondary closure devices can be manufactured more cheaply than primary closure devices.

[71] Thus, within the meaning of the invention, secondary closure devices of primary closure devices differ by a lesser number of their functions. As a result, secondary locking devices generally also have a smaller number of detection means in this regard.

[72] An arrangement variant provides that the secondary locking devices have means for transmitting signals. As a result, determined state values can be transmitted to any desired recipients, provided that they have appropriate means for receiving these signals.

[73] Another arrangement variant provides that the secondary locking devices have means for receiving signals. As a result, information can also be transmitted to secondary locking devices, which are then optionally processed at the secondary locking devices.

[74] The object of the invention is also achieved by a battery and / or a rechargeable battery for providing energy with a plurality of individual cells, each individual cell having a closable access opening, such as a closable Einfüllöffhung, for filling the single cell and in each access opening the above-explained Device is arranged. [75] The object of the invention is also achieved by a method for determining a state of a battery having a plurality of galvanic cells and / or an accumulator having a plurality of galvanic cells, in which an access opening of each galvanic cell is closed with the device explained in the present case.

[76] A preferred variant of the method provides that a primary closure device receives measurement signals from secondary closure devices and the measurement signals of the individual secondary closure devices are made available to the primary closure device for further processing. Advantageously, the receiving measuring signals can be transmitted to suitable devices for further processing.

[77] It has generally been found to be particularly advantageous to close the access ports of a plurality of single galvanic cells by primary closure and secondary closure, and preferably a single primary closure device receives measurement signals from secondary closure devices and provides the sensing signals of the individual secondary closure devices to the primary closure device be put. In this way, communication between the individual closure devices is possible with one another, wherein in the case of process variants measurement signals can be provided by further primary closure devices and by secondary closure devices at at least one primary closure device. Cumulatively or alternatively, a primary closure device controls and / or controls functions of at least one secondary closure device.

Moreover, it is advantageous if a primary closure device controls and / or controls functions of at least one secondary closure device. As a result, the individual closure devices can be controlled particularly precisely and regulated with each other.

[79] It is advantageous if at least one measurement signal of a determined property of a galvanic cell is transferred from a first location to another location by means of an electrically conductive plastic.

[80] It is also advantageous if at least one measurement signal is transmitted by means of a housing of the closure device of the galvanic cell.

[81] In addition, the object of the invention is a method for producing a device for closing and / or filling a galvanic cell, in which a body of the device tion molded from a plastic and / or molded from a plastic, solved, wherein at least one individual body is molded from more than one plastic and / or molded.

[82] The present device can be produced particularly advantageously if at least two used plastics of a body shrink differently and as a result at least two mutually movable parts of the body are formed.

[83] Although the invention is explicitly described in the context of galvanic cells, in particular, the present device is not limited to determining characteristics such as determining a fill level of a galvanic cell. On the contrary, the invention can be advantageously used in almost all applications in which, in particular, a fill level of a liquid is determined or a compensation of the fill level height is to be achieved.

[84] Other objects, advantages and features of the present invention will become apparent from the description of the accompanying drawings in which an example of a device with an electromagnetically acting valve is shown.

[85] It shows

1 shows schematically a view of a device for closing and filling a single galvanic cell with an electromagnetically acting valve,

FIGS. 2 to 4 schematically show different views of a current pick-off device with a conical contact tip and a fixing strap,

FIGS. 5 to 7 show diagrammatically different views of a further pick-off device with an alternative fixing belt,

FIG. 8 schematically shows a longitudinal section through a tapping device without fixing strap,

Figure 9 schematically shows a perspective view of the tapping device of the figure

Figure 10 schematically shows a longitudinal section through another tapping device without fixing strap and with a shorter conical contact tip and Figure 11 schematically shows a perspective view of the picking device of the figure

10th

The closure device 1 shown in FIG. 1 for a filling opening (not shown here) of a single galvanic cell (not shown here) has a main body 2.

[87] The main body 2 accommodates an upper valve insert 3 and a lower valve insert 4 of an electromagnetic valve 5. In the upper area 6 of the closure device 1, a circuit board 7 with electronic components (not explicitly shown here) is arranged.

[88] For filling a galvanic cell with liquid, a connecting piece 8 is provided in the upper area 6.

[89] The upper end of the closure device 1 is a lid 9, which in this exemplary embodiment is made of a transparent material, so that a function of underlying light emitting diodes (not shown here) is visible. The lid 9 is attached to the base body 2.

[90] The electromagnetically acting valve 5 has a first magnet 10 and a second magnet 11, between which a valve plate 12 is arranged. The first magnet 10 is accommodated in the upper valve insert 3. The second magnet 11 is arranged in the lower valve insert 4.

For determining a state of a galvanic cell, the closure device 1 has in its lower region 13 a sensor 14, which is fastened by means of a spacer 15 to the lower valve insert 4 of the closure device 1. Depending on the height of the galvanic cell, the length of the spacer 15 can be varied.

[92] The sensor 14 comprises a sensor plate 16, which is completely surrounded by a sensor housing 17.

It is understood that the sensor 14 can also be designed in such a way that at least two different types of cell states can be determined with it. For example, in addition to a liquid level, the sensor 14 also determines a temperature present in the cell, so that two cell states can be determined by means of the closing device.

[94] In addition, it is also possible that a closure device has two separate sensors to determine different cell states. [95] The described closure device represents only an exemplary embodiment of the present invention and is by no means to be understood as limiting the design of the inventive closure device.

[96] The electricity tapping device 20 shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, which is passed through a cable 21, has a contactor 22 with a conical tip 23 which is inserted into the electric cable 21.

[97] In this exemplary embodiment, the electrical cable 21 has a core of fine copper wires 24 which are surrounded by an insulation 25.

In order to be able to forward the electricity from the cable 21 via the contact tip 23 or the contact device 22 to a consumer (not shown here), the pickup device 20 has an electrical connection line 26 which is located in a connection region 27 in this exemplary embodiment is welded to the contact device 22 by means of a welded joint 28.

[99] The electrical connection line 26 comprises an electrically conductive core 29, which is surrounded by an insulating sheath 30.

[100] In this embodiment, since the electric lead is fixed to the contactor 22 and the contact tip 23, respectively, by a thermal bonding technique, the insulating sheath 30 can not reach to the weld joint 28 or the bonding region 27 because the insulating sheath 30 otherwise melts and would be damaged.

[101] It is understood that in the present case, other connection techniques, such as crimping or compression of components in the connection region 27, can be advantageously used, which ensure a reliable and cost-effective connection.

In the present case, the insulating sheath 30 of the electrical connection line 26 is arranged at a distance from the weld 28, so that an uninsulated transition region 31 is present there.

In order that the uninsulated transition region 31 is also insulated, the pickup device 20 additionally has a protective insulating sleeve 32. In the present case, the envelope 32 additionally forms a type of main housing of the tapping device with a connection line outlet opening 33 and a contact tip outlet opening 34. In the present exemplary embodiment, the enclosure 32 is injection molded from a relatively hard plastic. [104] On the side at which the contact tip 23 protrudes from the shell 32, the picking device 20 adjusting means 35 with a first cheek 36 and a second cheek 37, so that the tapping device 20 pressed against the cable 21 relatively rotatably on the Cable 21 is attached.

In order to be able to seal well a puncture site 38 in the region of the insulation 25 of the cable 21, the sheath 32 has sealing means in the form of a sealing bead 39 surrounding the contact tip 23 around the contact tip 23.

In order for the present gripping device 20 to be pressed firmly against the cable 21 and to be securely attached to it, the gripper device 20 furthermore has a fixing strap 40 which can be wrapped or bent around the electric cable 21. To attach the fixing belt 40, the tip 41 of the fixing belt 40 is inserted into an opening 42 of a Fixierbandaufhahme 43 and pushed through this opening 42. The fixing belt 40 and the Fixierbandaufhahme 43 together form the essential components of a fixing or simply said a fixation of the pick-off 20th

[107] The fixing belt 40 comprises latching means 44, which correspond to a lock 45 of the fixing belt receptacle 43. Namely, the locking means 44 correspond to the lock 45 such that the fixing belt 40 can indeed be moved in the insertion 47 through the opening 42 of the Fixierbandaufhahme 43. In the opposite direction, however, the fixing belt 40 due to the locking means 44 and the lock 45 can not be moved. Thus, the fixation of the pickup device 20 may indeed be tightened and adjusted almost arbitrarily.

To release this fixation, the Fixierbandaufnahme 43 includes a release latch 46, by means of which the fixation with appropriate operation in the direction 49 of the release latch 46 can be solved again. In this case, the fixing strap 40 can be completely pulled out of the opening 42 of the Fixierbandaufnahme 43 again, so that the pickup device 20 in case of need to another cable (not shown here) can be arranged.

The tapping device 120 shown in FIGS. 5 to 7 has an insulating sleeve 132, which comprises a fixing strap 140 and a fixing strap receptacle 143. The present tapping device 120 is shown without a contact device, without a conical contact tip and without a connecting line.

[110] In this exemplary embodiment, latching means 144 of the fixing belt 140 are provided laterally on the fixing belt 140. [111] The Fixierbandaufhahme 143 includes locking means 145, which communicate with the locking means 144 of the fixing belt 140 such that the fixing belt 140 inserted in plug 147 in the Festierbandaufnahme 143 while inserted but can not be pulled out in the opposite direction. When the fixing belt 140 is inserted into the fixing belt receptacle 143, the fixing belt 140 is further inserted into a holding device 148.

[112] If this fixation is to be solved, we move the fixing belt 140 in the direction 149 out of the holding device 148 and the fixing belt receptacle 145.

[113] By means of the sheath 132, a first cheek 136 and a second cheek 137 are also formed as adjusting means 135. The cheeks 136 and 137 form outer elevations of the shell 132. An inner elevation of the shell 132 is formed by the sealing bead 139.

The tapping device 220 shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 has a contact tip 223 to which an electrically conductive core 229 of an electrical connecting line 226 is fastened. The electrical connection line 226 is surrounded by an insulating sheath 230 close to the contact tip 223.

The contact tip 223 and the electrical connection line 226 are surrounded in particular by a sheath 232 in a transition region 231 between the contact tip 223 and the electrical connection line 226. The present envelope 232 has in the region of the contact tip 223 sealing means 239 and adjusting means 235 with a first cheek 236 and a second cheek 237.

In contrast to the tapping devices 20 and 120 explained above, the tapping device 220 has no integrated fixation, in particular no fixing strap and no fixing strap receptacle. The picking device comprises only a receiving plateau 250, on which an external fixing means (not shown here), such as a commercially available cable ties, can be securely placed on the picking device 220. The receiving plateau 250 or the envelope 232, in which the receiving plateau 250 is integrated, is rounded at the beginning and at the end, so that there rounding areas 251 (numbered here only by way of example) of the receiving plateau 250 are formed.

The tapping device 320 of Figures 10 and 11 has a slightly shorter contact tip 323 and is therefore particularly well suited for attachment to rigid electrical cables (not shown here), in particular with a core of solid material. With such electrical cables, penetration of the contact tip 323 into the solid core is difficult. Thus, it is advantageous in such electrical cables prefer to use pick-offs 320 having a shorter contact tip 323.

[118] Further, the pickup device 320 also includes an electrical lead 326 attached to the contact tip 323.

[119] In addition, the tapping device 320 also has a shell 332, which has on the side 352 of the contact tip 323 on the one cheeks 336 and 337 as adjusting means and on the other a circumferential sealing bead 339.

[120] At the side 353 opposite the contact tip 323, the insulating sheath 332 has a receiving plateau 350 for external fixing means, since the gripping device 320 does not have such integrated fixing means.

Claims

claims:

1. Device for closing and / or Befiillen a single galvanic cell, such as a battery or a rechargeable battery, wherein the device comprises means for determining a liquid level, characterized by further means for determining at least one other cell state.

2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by means for automatic Befiillen the individual galvanic cell.

3. Device according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized by means for displaying the liquid level of the individual galvanic cell.

4. Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by means for determining a temperature of the individual galvanic cell.

5. Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by means for determining a density of an electrolyte of the individual galvanic cell.

6. Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by means for determining a cell voltage of the individual galvanic cell.

7. Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by means for determining a charging and / or discharging the individual galvanic cell.

8. Device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by means for displaying a charging and / or discharging the individual galvanic cell.

9. Device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized by means for determining a capacity of the individual galvanic cell.

10. Device according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized by means for determining a resistance of the individual galvanic cell.

11. Device according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized by means for determining a cell identification of the individual galvanic cell.

12. Device according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized by a valve device with an electromagnetically operable valve.

13. The apparatus according to claim 12, characterized in that the valve device comprises a bistable valve.

14. Device according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized by means for storing the determined and / or displayed cell data.

15. Device according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized by means for controlling the device and / or one of said means of the device.

16. Device according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized by means for remote monitoring of the individual galvanic cell.

17. Device according to one of claims 1 to 16, characterized by a data interface for transmitting data of the individual galvanic cell.

18. Device according to one of claims 1 to 17, characterized by means for an electronic, in particular a digital, data transmission.

19. Device according to one of claims 1 to 18, characterized by means for cleaning and / or means for flushing sensors of the device and / or means.

20. Device according to one of claims 1 to 19, characterized by means for tapping energy from at least one galvanic cell.

21. Device according to one of claims 1 to 20, characterized by a base body made of an electrically insulating plastic and / or of an electrically conductive plastic.

22. Device according to one of claims 1 to 21, characterized by a device (20) for tapping of electric current to an electrical cable (21), which is surrounded with an insulation (25), and the tapping device (20) for penetrating the Insulation (25) comprises a contact device (22), wherein the contact device (22) comprises a contact tip (23).

23. The device according to claim 22, characterized in that the contact tip (23) is conical.

24. Device according to one of claims 22 or 23, characterized in that the contact tip (23) has a length between 10 mm and 30 mm.

25. Device according to one of claims 22 to 24, characterized in that the contact tip (23) has a length of less than 10 mm.

26. Device according to one of claims 22 to 25, characterized in that the contact device (22) or the contact tip (23) in a connection region (27) to an electrical connection line (26) is welded.

27. The device according to claim 26, characterized in that the electrical connection line (26) fixed but detachable to a battery or accumulator monitoring device (1) can be connected bar.

28. Device according to one of claims 26 or 27, characterized in that the electrical connection line (26) is flexible.

29. Device according to one of claims 26 to 28, characterized in that the electrical connection line (26) has an insulating sheath (30).

30. The device according to claim 29, characterized in that the insulating sheath (30) of the electrical connection line (26) at a distance of less than 10 mm, preferably at a distance of less than 5 mm, at the connection region (27). arranged close.

31. Device according to one of claims 22 to 30, characterized by an insulating sheath (32) which surrounds a transition region (31) between the contact device (22) or the contact tip (23) and an electrical connection line (26).

32. Apparatus according to claim 31, characterized in that the insulating sheath (32) surrounds the electrical connection line (26) at least partially.

33. Device according to one of claims 31 or 32, characterized in that the insulating sheath (32), the electrical connection line (26) and / or the sheathing (30) of the electrical

Connecting line (26) to 30 mm, preferably to 50 mm, starting from the end of the transition region (31) facing sheath (30) wrapped.

34. Device according to one of claims 31 to 33, characterized in that the insulating sheath (32) has a Kontaktspitzenaustrittsöffhung (34) and a Anschlußleitungsaustrittsöffhung (33).

35. Device according to one of claims 22 to 34, characterized by sealing means (39) by means of which the puncture site of the contact tip (23) on the electric cable (21) is sealable.

36. Apparatus according to claim 35, characterized in that the sealing means (39) has a around the contact tip (23) encircling survey.

37. Device according to one of claims 35 or 36, characterized in that the sealing means (39) are arranged annularly around the contact tip (23).

38. Device according to one of claims 35 to 37, characterized in that the sealing means (39) by means of the insulating sheath (32) are formed.

39. Device according to one of claims 22 to 38, characterized by adjusting means (35), by means of which the tapping device (20) relative to the electrical cable (21) is alignable.

40. Apparatus according to claim 39, characterized in that the adjusting means (35) on the side of the contact tip (23) are arranged.

41. Device according to one of claims 39 or 40, characterized in that the adjusting means (35) by means of elevations of the insulating sheath (32) are formed.

42. Apparatus according to claim 41, characterized in that the elevations are opposite and between the elevations, the contact tip (23) is arranged.

43. Device according to one of claims 39 to 42, characterized in that the adjusting means (35) form outer elevations around the contact tip (23).

44. Device according to one of claims 22 to 43, characterized in that the Abgreifvor- direction (20) fixed but detachable on the electrical cable (21) can be arranged.

45. Device according to one of claims 22 to 44, characterized by a fixation for fastening the tapping device (20) on the electric cable (21).

46. Apparatus according to claim 45, characterized in that the fixation comprises a flexible fixing band (40) which can be bent around the electrical cable (21) around.

47. Device according to one of claims 45 or 46, characterized in that the fixation comprises a Fixierbandaufhahme (43), in which a flexible fixing strap (40) can be inserted.

48. Device according to one of claims 45 to 47, characterized in that the fixing forms a part of the insulating sheath (32).

49. Device according to one of claims 22 to 48, characterized by a Aufhahmeplateau (250) for external fixing means, by means of which the AbgreifVorrichtung (220) on the electric cable (21) can be fastened.

50. Arrangement of a plurality of closure devices for closing access openings, such as Einfullöfihungen, galvanic cells, in which each closure means an access opening of one of the galvanic cells, such as a battery or a rechargeable battery closes, characterized in that the arrangement is a primary closure means and at least one secondary closure device and at least one secondary closure device communicates with the primary closure device.

51. Battery and / or accumulator for providing energy with a plurality of individual cells, each individual cell having a closable access opening, such as a closable filling opening for filling the individual cell, characterized in that each access opening is associated with a device according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 49 is.

52. A method for determining a state of a battery with a plurality of galvanic cells and / or a rechargeable battery with a plurality of galvanic cells, characterized in that a access opening of each galvanic cell is closed with a device according to one of claims 1 to 49.

53. The method according to claim 52, characterized in that a primary closure device receives measurement signals from a secondary closure device and the measurement signals of the individual secondary closure devices are provided at the primary closure device for further processing.

54. Method according to claim 53, characterized in that a primary closure device controls and / or controls functions of at least one secondary closure device.

55. The method according to any one of claims 53 or 54, characterized in that at least one measurement signal of a determined property of a galvanic cell is transmitted by means of an electrically conductive plastic from a first location to another location.

56. A method for producing a device for closing and / or filling a galvanic see cell, in which a body of the device is molded from a plastic and / or molded from a plastic, characterized in that at least a single body of more than one Plastic injected and / or molded.

57. Manufacturing method according to claim 56, characterized in that at least two used plastics of a body shrink differently and thereby at least two mutually movable parts of the body are formed.