EP2014978A1 - Use of insert gases for shielding oxidiser from fuel - Google Patents
Use of insert gases for shielding oxidiser from fuel Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2014978A1 EP2014978A1 EP07013518A EP07013518A EP2014978A1 EP 2014978 A1 EP2014978 A1 EP 2014978A1 EP 07013518 A EP07013518 A EP 07013518A EP 07013518 A EP07013518 A EP 07013518A EP 2014978 A1 EP2014978 A1 EP 2014978A1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- fuel
- inert gas
- inlet opening
- fuel nozzle
- burner
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
- F23D11/36—Details, e.g. burner cooling means, noise reduction means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
- F23D14/72—Safety devices, e.g. operative in case of failure of gas supply
- F23D14/78—Cooling burner parts
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
- F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
- F23R3/28—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the fuel supply
- F23R3/283—Attaching or cooling of fuel injecting means including supports for fuel injectors, stems, or lances
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for combustion apparatus using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in air; Combustion processes therefor
- F23C2900/07022—Delaying secondary air introduction into the flame by using a shield or gas curtain
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D2214/00—Cooling
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L2900/00—Special arrangements for supplying or treating air or oxidant for combustion; Injecting inert gas, water or steam into the combustion chamber
- F23L2900/07002—Injecting inert gas, other than steam or evaporated water, into the combustion chambers
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the protection of a burner from excessive heating in the combustion of a fuel.
- a common method of cooling is the coating of the affected component surfaces with a cooling air film.
- Another possibility is the coating of the component surface with special ceramics. Since a defined fuel-air mixture is required for the combustion, and swirl blades are sometimes used to evenly mix the fuel with the air and thus to avoid temperature peaks during combustion.
- the inventive method for protecting a burner from excessive heating during combustion of a fuel in a combustion chamber is characterized in that the fuel is injected through a fuel nozzle and at the same time an inert gas in the vicinity of the injected fuel are injected into the combustion chamber, that until the production of an ignitable mixture, the fuel is spatially separated from an oxidizer by the inert gas.
- the fuel and the inert gas are thus simultaneously injected into the combustion chamber.
- the inert gas surrounds the fuel so that the inert gas forms a protective layer shielding the fuel.
- the fuel does not come so in the immediate vicinity of the burner in contact with a gas in the combustion chamber, which may contain oxygen as an oxidizer. In this way, near the burner does not form an ignitable mixture of fuel and an oxidizer.
- Inert gases are gases that are very slow to react, meaning that they only participate in a few chemical reactions.
- the inert gases include, for example, nitrogen, water vapor, carbon dioxide, and all noble gases.
- the inert gas used in the present invention may be, for example, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, a noble gas, ie helium, argon, neon, krypton, radon, xenon, or a mixture of these.
- the inventive spatial shielding of the fuel by the inert gas from an oxidizer makes it possible to use hydrogen as fuel.
- suitable fuels for example, crude oil, natural gas or synthesis gas, may also be used as fuels instead of hydrogen.
- the inert gas used can preferably be injected into the combustion chamber through an inlet opening annularly surrounding the fuel inlet opening of the fuel nozzle, so that the fuel stream is completely enclosed by an inert gas envelope. It is advantageous if the inert gas inlet opening is as close as possible to the fuel nozzle.
- the oxidizer used can additionally be spatially injected from the fuel nozzle into the combustion chamber. In this way, the location of the ignition can be controlled and influenced. It can thereby control both the flame, as well as the spatial position of the mixing zone.
- the present method can be used in particular in the context of the operation of a gas turbine.
- the fuel nozzle according to the invention comprises at least one fuel inlet opening, which is surrounded by an inert gas inlet opening, which allows a spatial separation of the fuel from an oxidizer by injecting an inert gas.
- the fuel inlet opening can be completely surrounded by the inert gas inlet opening, for example, annularly. Furthermore, the fuel inlet opening may be surrounded concentrically by the inert gas inlet opening.
- the inert gas inlet opening may also consist of a plurality of individual openings arranged around the fuel inlet opening.
- the advantage of the fuel nozzle according to the invention is that fuel and oxidizer are initially spatially separated from each other, whereby the combustion can be controlled.
- a burner according to the invention comprises at least one fuel nozzle according to the invention.
- a gas turbine according to the invention is equipped with at least one burner according to the invention.
- FIG. 1 shows a section through a fuel nozzle according to the invention in the longitudinal direction.
- FIG. 2 shows a cross section through a fuel nozzle according to the invention.
- FIG. 3 shows a cross section through an alternative fuel nozzle according to the invention.
- FIG. 1 shows a section along the longitudinal axis 11 through a fuel nozzle according to the invention.
- the fuel nozzle may for example be part of a combustion chamber of a gas turbine.
- the fuel nozzle 1 has a housing 2 in which a fuel inlet opening 3 and an inert gas inlet opening 4 are located.
- the fuel inlet 3 is parallel to the longitudinal axis 11 in the middle of the burner nozzle 1 is arranged.
- the inert gas inlet opening 4 is located farther from the longitudinal axis 11 than the fuel inlet opening 3. It likewise extends parallel to the longitudinal axis 11 and surrounds the fuel inlet opening 3 concentrically.
- the inert gas inlet opening 4 and the fuel inlet opening 3 are separated from one another by a part of the housing 2.
- the fuel nozzle 1 is located in a combustion chamber into which air 7 is introduced as an oxidizing agent.
- Fuel 5 is now injected into the combustion chamber through the fuel inlet opening 3.
- the flow direction of the fuel 5 is indicated by arrows 9.
- an inert gas 6 is injected into the combustion chamber through the inert gas inlet opening 4 in such a way that the inert gas 6 shields the fuel 5 from the air 7 located in the combustion chamber.
- the flow direction of the inert gas is indicated by arrows 8.
- the inert gas used may be, for example, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, a noble gas or a mixture of these substances.
- the fuel used may include, but not be limited to, petroleum, natural gas, but also hydrogen. There is also the possibility that the fuel already an oxidizing agent, for example. Air, is mixed in an amount that can not lead to ignition.
- the FIG. 2 shows the related FIG. 1 described fuel nozzle 1 in a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 11. It can be seen in FIG. 2
- the fuel inlet 3 has a circular cross section and is located in the middle of the fuel nozzle 1.
- the cross section of the fuel inlet 3 may alternatively have any other shape.
- the inert gas inlet 4 is arranged annularly around the fuel inlet 3. Through the fuel inlet 3, fuel 5 can be injected into the combustion chamber. Through the Inertgaseinlassö réelle 4, an inert gas, as in connection with FIG. 1 described be injected into the combustion chamber.
- FIG. 3 a second embodiment based on the FIGS. 1 and 3 described in more detail.
- the elements off FIG. 3 which correspond to elements which have already been described in connection with the first embodiment, are given the same reference numerals and will not be described again.
- FIG. 3 shows the cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 11 of the fuel nozzle 1.
- the housing 2 of the fuel nozzle 1 which comprises a centrally arranged fuel inlet opening 3 and annularly arranged around the fuel inlet opening 3 Inertgaseinlassötechnisch 10.
- the fuel inlet 3 again has a circular cross-section.
- the cross section may also have any other shape.
- individual inert gas inlet openings 10 each have a circular cross-section. They are annular, arranged concentrically around the fuel inlet opening 3. Also, the inert gas inlet openings 10 may be alternative to the in FIG. 3 shown circular cross section have any other shape of the cross section.
- the operation of the fuel nozzle described in this embodiment corresponds to the fuel nozzle described in the first embodiment.
- the inert gas discharge port completely surrounds the fuel discharge port in the present embodiment, or the inert gas discharge ports are evenly distributed around the fuel discharge port, it is basically also possible that the inert gas discharge port only partially surrounds the fuel discharge port or the inert gas discharge ports are unevenly distributed around the fuel discharge port. This modification is particularly appropriate if the oxidizing agent is distributed unevenly in the combustion chamber.
- the present invention is characterized overall in that it provides effective protection of the burner from excessive temperatures while allowing control of the spatial location of the ignition and the flame.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft den Schutz eines Brenners vor zu starker Erwärmung bei der Verbrennung eines Brennstoffes.The present invention relates to the protection of a burner from excessive heating in the combustion of a fuel.
Bei der Verbrennung von Brennstoff mit Hilfe eines Brenners kommt es vielfach zu einer starken Erwärmung des verwendeten Brenners durch eine Verbrennung, welche zu nahe am Brenner stattfindet. Dies gilt insbesondere für Verbrennungen, die beispielsweise in Brennkammern von Gasturbinen stattfinden. Zu hohe Temperaturen schädigen der Brenner beziehungsweise die Brennerbauteile und verringern deren Lebensdauer.In the combustion of fuel by means of a burner, there is often a strong heating of the burner used by a combustion, which takes place too close to the burner. This applies in particular to burns that take place, for example, in combustion chambers of gas turbines. Too high temperatures damage the burner or the burner components and reduce their service life.
Zum Schutz des Brenners und seiner Brennerbauteile wird dieser häufig gekühlt. Eine verbreitete Methode zur Kühlung ist das Überziehen der betroffenen Bauteiloberflächen mit einem Kühlluftfilm. Eine weitere Möglichkeit ist die Beschichtung der Bauteiloberfläche mit speziellen Keramiken. Da für die Verbrennung ein definiertes Brennstoff-Luftgemisch erforderlich ist, werden mitunter auch Drallschaufeln eingesetzt, um den Brennstoff mit der Luft gleichmäßig zu vermischen und so Temperaturspitzen bei der Verbrennung zu vermeiden.To protect the burner and its burner components this is often cooled. A common method of cooling is the coating of the affected component surfaces with a cooling air film. Another possibility is the coating of the component surface with special ceramics. Since a defined fuel-air mixture is required for the combustion, and swirl blades are sometimes used to evenly mix the fuel with the air and thus to avoid temperature peaks during combustion.
Besonders hohe Temperaturen treten bei der Verbrennung von Wasserstoff als Brennstoff auf. Zudem lässt sich Wasserstoff wesentlich leichter entzünden als andere Brennstoffe, was das Risiko einer Zündung zu nahe am Brenner erhöht.Particularly high temperatures occur during the combustion of hydrogen as fuel. In addition, hydrogen is much easier to ignite than other fuels, which increases the risk of ignition too close to the burner.
Es ist die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, ein Verfahren zum Schutz eines Brenners vor zu starke Erwärmung bei der Verbrennung eines Brennstoffes zur Verfügung zu stellen. Weitere Aufgaben der vorliegenden Erfindung bestehen darin, eine vorteilhafte Brennstoffdüse, einen vorteilhaften Brenner sowie eine vorteilhafte Gasturbine zur Verfügung zu stellen.It is the object of the present invention to provide a method of protecting a burner from overheating during combustion of a fuel. Further objects of the present invention are to provide an advantageous fuel nozzle, an advantageous burner and an advantageous gas turbine.
Diese Aufgaben werden durch ein Verfahren zum Schutz eines Brenners nach Anspruch 1, eine Brennstoffdüse nach Anspruch 6, einen Brenner nach Anspruch 10 und eine Gasturbine nach Anspruch 11 gelöst. Die abhängigen Ansprüche enthalten vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung.These objects are achieved by a method of protecting a burner according to claim 1, a fuel nozzle according to
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zum Schutz eines Brenners vor zu starker Erwärmung bei der Verbrennung eines Brennstoffes in einer Brennkammer zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass der Brennstoff durch eine Brennstoffdüse eingedüst wird und gleichzeitig ein Inertgas in der Umgebung des eingedüsten Brennstoffes so in die Brennkammer eingedüst werden, dass bis zur Herstellung eines zündfähigen Gemisches der Brennstoff von einem Oxidator durch das Inertgas räumlich getrennt ist. Der Brennstoff und das Inertgas werden also gleichzeitig in die Brennkammer eingedüst. Dabei umgibt das Inertgas den Brennstoff so, dass das Inertgas eine den Brennstoff abschirmende Schutzschicht bildet. Der Brennstoff kommt so nicht in unmittelbarer Umgebung des Brenners mit einem in der Brennkammer befindlichen Gas in Kontakt, welches Sauerstoff als Oxidator enthalten kann. Auf diese Weise bildet sich in der Nähe des Brenners kein zündfähiges Gemisch aus Brennstoff und einem Oxidator.The inventive method for protecting a burner from excessive heating during combustion of a fuel in a combustion chamber is characterized in that the fuel is injected through a fuel nozzle and at the same time an inert gas in the vicinity of the injected fuel are injected into the combustion chamber, that until the production of an ignitable mixture, the fuel is spatially separated from an oxidizer by the inert gas. The fuel and the inert gas are thus simultaneously injected into the combustion chamber. In this case, the inert gas surrounds the fuel so that the inert gas forms a protective layer shielding the fuel. The fuel does not come so in the immediate vicinity of the burner in contact with a gas in the combustion chamber, which may contain oxygen as an oxidizer. In this way, near the burner does not form an ignitable mixture of fuel and an oxidizer.
Als Inertgase bezeichnet man Gase, die sehr reaktionsträge sind, sich also nur an wenigen chemischen Reaktionen beteiligen. Zu den Inertgasen gehören zum Beispiel Stickstoff, Wasserdampf, Kohlendioxid, und sämtliche Edelgase. Das im Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung verwendete Inertgas kann beispielsweise Stickstoff, Kohlendioxid, ein Edelgas, also Helium, Argon, Neon, Krypton, Radon, Xenon, oder ein Gemisch aus diesen sein.Inert gases are gases that are very slow to react, meaning that they only participate in a few chemical reactions. The inert gases include, for example, nitrogen, water vapor, carbon dioxide, and all noble gases. The inert gas used in the present invention may be, for example, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, a noble gas, ie helium, argon, neon, krypton, radon, xenon, or a mixture of these.
Das erfindungsgemäße räumliche Abschirmen des Brennstoffes durch das Inertgas von einem Oxidator ermöglicht es, als Brennstoff auch Wasserstoff zu verwenden. Dadurch, dass die Verbrennung nicht unmittelbar an der Brennstoffdüse stattfindet, sind der Brenner beziehungsweise die Brennerbauteile nicht den hohen Temperaturen ausgesetzt, die bei der Verbrennung von insbesondere Wasserstoff entstehen. Anstelle von Wasserstoff können als Brennstoffe selbstverständlich auch andere geeignete Brennstoffe, bspw. Erdöl, Erdgas oder Synthesegas, verwendet werden.The inventive spatial shielding of the fuel by the inert gas from an oxidizer makes it possible to use hydrogen as fuel. The fact that the combustion does not take place directly at the fuel nozzle, the burner or the burner components not exposed to the high temperatures generated by the combustion of hydrogen in particular. Of course, other suitable fuels, for example, crude oil, natural gas or synthesis gas, may also be used as fuels instead of hydrogen.
Vorzugsweise kann das verwendete Inertgas im Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung durch eine die Brennstoffeinlassöffnung der Brennstoffdüse ringförmig umgebende Einlassöffnung in die Brennkammer eingedüst werden, so dass der Brennstoffstrom vollständig von einer Inertgashülle umschlossen ist. Es ist dabei vorteilhaft, wenn sich die Inertgaseinlassöffnung so nahe wie möglich an der Brennstoffdüse befindet.In the context of the present invention, the inert gas used can preferably be injected into the combustion chamber through an inlet opening annularly surrounding the fuel inlet opening of the fuel nozzle, so that the fuel stream is completely enclosed by an inert gas envelope. It is advantageous if the inert gas inlet opening is as close as possible to the fuel nozzle.
Zur Herstellung eines zündfähigen Gemisches kann zusätzlich der verwendete Oxidator räumlich von der Brennstoffdüse entfernt in die Brennkammer eingedüst werden. Auf diese Weise kann der Ort der Zündung kontrolliert und beeinflusst werden. Es lässt sich dadurch sowohl die Flamme, als auch die räumliche Lage der Mischzone steuern.To produce an ignitable mixture, the oxidizer used can additionally be spatially injected from the fuel nozzle into the combustion chamber. In this way, the location of the ignition can be controlled and influenced. It can thereby control both the flame, as well as the spatial position of the mixing zone.
Das vorliegende Verfahren kann insbesondere in Rahmen des Betriebes einer Gasturbine angewendet werden.The present method can be used in particular in the context of the operation of a gas turbine.
Die erfindungsgemäße Brennstoffdüse umfasst mindestens eine Brennstoffeinlassöffnung, welche von einer Inertgaseinlassöffnung umgeben ist, die eine räumliche Trennung des Brennstoffes von einem Oxidator durch ein Eindüsen eines Inertgases ermöglicht.The fuel nozzle according to the invention comprises at least one fuel inlet opening, which is surrounded by an inert gas inlet opening, which allows a spatial separation of the fuel from an oxidizer by injecting an inert gas.
Die Brennstoffeinlassöffnung kann dabei von der Inertgaseinlassöffnung vollständig, bspw. ringförmig, umgeben sein. Weiterhin kann die Brennstoffeinlassöffnung von der Inertgaseinlassöffnung konzentrisch umgeben sein. Die Inertgaseinlassöffnung kann zudem aus einer Vielzahl vom einzelnen, um die Brennstoffeinlassöffnung angeordneten Öffnungen bestehen.The fuel inlet opening can be completely surrounded by the inert gas inlet opening, for example, annularly. Furthermore, the fuel inlet opening may be surrounded concentrically by the inert gas inlet opening. The inert gas inlet opening may also consist of a plurality of individual openings arranged around the fuel inlet opening.
Der Vorteil der erfindungsgemäßen Brennstoffdüse besteht darin, dass Brennstoff und Oxidator zunächst räumlich voneinander getrennt sind, wodurch sich die Verbrennung steuern lässt. Dadurch dass die Verbrennung nicht in unmittelbarer Nähe des Brenners stattfindet, ist der Brenner nicht unmittelbar den bei der Verbrennung entstehenden hohen Temperaturen ausgesetzt. Auf diese Weise wird das Material des Brenners und seiner Bauteile geschützt und deren Lebensdauer verlängert.The advantage of the fuel nozzle according to the invention is that fuel and oxidizer are initially spatially separated from each other, whereby the combustion can be controlled. The fact that the combustion does not take place in the immediate vicinity of the burner, the burner is not directly exposed to the resulting high temperatures during combustion. In this way, the material of the burner and its components is protected and extends their life.
Ein erfindungsgemäßer Brenner umfasst wenigstens eine erfindungsgemäße Brennstoffdüse.A burner according to the invention comprises at least one fuel nozzle according to the invention.
Eine erfindungsgemäße Gasturbine ist mit wenigstens einem erfindungsgemäßen Brenner ausgestattet.A gas turbine according to the invention is equipped with at least one burner according to the invention.
Weitere Merkmale, Eigenschaften und Vorteile der vorliegenden Erfindung werden nachfolgend anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen unter Bezugnahme auf die beiliegenden Figuren beschrieben.Further features, properties and advantages of the present invention will be described below by means of embodiments with reference to the accompanying figures.
Im Folgenden wird ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung anhand der
Die Brennstoffdüse 1 weist ein Gehäuse 2 auf, in welchem sich eine Brennstoffeinlassöffnung 3 und eine Inertgaseinlassöffnung 4 befinden. Die Brennstoffeinlassöffnung 3 ist dabei parallel zur Längsachse 11 in der Mitte der Brennerdüse 1 angeordnet. Die Inertgaseinlassöffnung 4 befindet sich von der Längsachse 11 weiter entfernt als die Brennstoffeinlassöffnung 3. Sie verläuft ebenfalls parallel zur Längsachse 11 und umschließt ringförmig, konzentrisch die Brennstoffeinlassöffnung 3. Die Inertgaseinlassöffnung 4 und die Brennstoffeinlassöffnung 3 sind dabei durch einen Teil des Gehäuses 2 voneinander abgetrennt.The fuel nozzle 1 has a
Die Brennstoffdüse 1 befindet sich in einer Brennkammer, in die Luft 7 als ein Oxidationsmittel eingebracht wird. Durch die Brennstoffeinlassöffnung 3 wird nun Brennstoff 5 in die Brennkammer eingedüst. Die Strömungsrichtung des Brennstoffs 5 ist durch Pfeile 9 gekennzeichnet. Gleichzeitig wird durch die Inertgaseinlassöffnung 4 ein Inertgas 6 in die Brennkammer so eingedüst, dass das Inertgas 6 den Brennstoff 5 gegenüber der in der Brennkammer befindlichen Luft 7 abschirmt. Die Strömungsrichtung des Inertgases ist durch Pfeile 8 gekennzeichnet.The fuel nozzle 1 is located in a combustion chamber into which
Man sieht in
Bei dem verwendeten Inertgas kann es sich um beispielsweise um Stickstoff, Kohlendioxid, ein Edelgas oder ein Gemisch aus diesen Stoffen handeln. Bei dem verwendeten Brennstoff kann es sich unter anderem um Erdöl, Erdgas, aber auch um Wasserstoff handeln. Es besteht weiterhin die Möglichkeit, dass den Brennstoff bereits ein Oxidationsmittel, bspw. Luft, in einer Menge beigemischt ist, die nicht zu einer Zündung führen kann.The inert gas used may be, for example, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, a noble gas or a mixture of these substances. The fuel used may include, but not be limited to, petroleum, natural gas, but also hydrogen. There is also the possibility that the fuel already an oxidizing agent, for example. Air, is mixed in an amount that can not lead to ignition.
Die
Im Folgenden wird ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel anhand der
Der Längsschnitt durch die erfindungsgemäße Brennstoffdüse dieses Ausführungsbeispieles entspricht dem Längsschnitt durch die im Zusammenhang mit dem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel beschriebene und in
Die in
Abgesehen von dem abweichenden Querschnitt entspricht die Funktionsweise der in diesem Ausführungsbeispiel beschriebenen Brennstoffdüse der im Rahmen des ersten Ausführungsbeispiels beschriebenen Brennstoffdüse.Apart from the deviating cross-section, the operation of the fuel nozzle described in this embodiment corresponds to the fuel nozzle described in the first embodiment.
Obwohl die Inertgasauslassöffnung die Brennstoffauslassöffnung im vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel vollständig umgibt bzw. die Inertgasauslassöffnungen gleichmäßig um die Brennstoffauslassöffnung verteilt sind, ist es grundsätzlich auch möglich, dass die Inertgasauslassöffnung die Brennstoffauslassöffnung nur teilweise umgibt oder die Inertgasauslassöffnungen ungleichmäßig um die Brennstoffauslassöffnung herum verteilt sind. Diese Abwandlung bietet sich insbesondere dann an, wenn auch das Oxidationsmittel ungleichmäßig in der Brennkammer verteilt ist.Although the inert gas discharge port completely surrounds the fuel discharge port in the present embodiment, or the inert gas discharge ports are evenly distributed around the fuel discharge port, it is basically also possible that the inert gas discharge port only partially surrounds the fuel discharge port or the inert gas discharge ports are unevenly distributed around the fuel discharge port. This modification is particularly appropriate if the oxidizing agent is distributed unevenly in the combustion chamber.
Als weitere Abwandlung ist es möglich, die radiale Abmessung der im ersten Ausführungsbeispiel beschriebenen ringförmigen Inertgaseinlassöffnung über ihren Umfang zu variieren, um eine ungleichmäßige Verteilung des Oxidationsmittels in der Brennkammer auszugleichen.As a further modification, it is possible to vary the radial dimension of the annular inert gas inlet opening described in the first embodiment over its circumference in order to compensate for an uneven distribution of the oxidizing agent in the combustion chamber.
Die vorliegende Erfindung zeichnet sich insgesamt dadurch aus, dass sie einen wirksamen Schutz des Brenners vor zu hohen Temperaturen bietet und gleichzeitig eine Steuerung der räumlichen Lage der Zündung und der Flamme ermöglicht.The present invention is characterized overall in that it provides effective protection of the burner from excessive temperatures while allowing control of the spatial location of the ignition and the flame.
Claims (11)
der Brennstoff (5) durch eine Brennstoffdüse (1) eingedüst wird und gleichzeitig ein Inertgas (6) in der Umgebung des eingedüsten Brennstoffes so in die Brennkammer eingedüst wird, dass bis zur Herstellung eines zündfähigen Gemisches der Brennstoff (5) von einem Oxidator (7) durch das Inertgas (6) räumlich getrennt ist.Method for protecting a burner (1) against excessive heating during combustion of a fuel (5) in a combustion chamber, wherein
the fuel (5) is injected through a fuel nozzle (1) and at the same time an inert gas (6) is injected into the combustion chamber in the vicinity of the injected fuel in such a way that the fuel (5) is oxidized by an oxidizer (7) until an ignitable mixture is produced ) is spatially separated by the inert gas (6).
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Inertgas (6) Stickstoff, Wasserdampf, Kohlendioxid, ein Edelgas oder ein Gemisch aus diesen enthält.Method according to claim 1,
characterized in that the inert gas (6) contains nitrogen, water vapor, carbon dioxide, a noble gas or a mixture of these.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass als Brennstoff (5) Wasserstoff Verwendung findet.Method according to claim 1 or 2,
characterized in that as fuel (5) hydrogen is used.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Inertgas (6) durch eine die Brennstoffeinlassöffnung (3) der Brennstoffdüse (1) ringförmig umgebende Einlassöffnung (4) in die Brennkammer eingedüst wird.Method according to one of claims 1 to 3,
characterized in that the inert gas (6) is injected into the combustion chamber through an inlet opening (4) surrounding the fuel inlet opening (3) of the fuel nozzle (1) in an annular manner.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zur Herstellung eines zündfähigen Gemisches der Oxidator (6) räumlich von der Brennstoffdüse (1) entfernt in die Brennkammer eingedüst wird.Method according to one of claims 1 to 4,
characterized in that for the production of an ignitable mixture of the oxidizer (6) spatially from the fuel nozzle (1) is injected into the combustion chamber.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Brennstoffeinlassöffnung (3) von der Inertgaseinlassöffnung (4) ringförmig umgeben ist.Fuel nozzle (1) according to claim 6,
characterized in that the fuel inlet opening (3) is surrounded annularly by the inert gas inlet opening (4).
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Brennstoffeinlassöffnung (3) von der Inertgaseinlassöffnung (4) konzentrisch umgeben ist.Fuel nozzle (1) according to claim 7,
characterized in that the fuel inlet opening (3) is surrounded concentrically by the inert gas inlet opening (4).
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Inertgaseinlassöffnung aus einer Vielzahl von einzelnen, um die Brennstoffeinlassöffnung (3) angeordneten Öffnungen (10) besteht.Fuel nozzle (1) according to one of claims 6 to 8,
characterized in that the inert gas inlet opening consists of a plurality of individual openings (10) arranged around the fuel inlet opening (3).
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP07013518A EP2014978A1 (en) | 2007-07-10 | 2007-07-10 | Use of insert gases for shielding oxidiser from fuel |
PCT/EP2008/058544 WO2009007293A1 (en) | 2007-07-10 | 2008-07-03 | Use of inert gases for shielding oxidizer and fuel |
US12/665,970 US20100186417A1 (en) | 2007-07-10 | 2008-07-03 | Use of inert gases for shielding oxidizer and fuel |
EP08761415A EP2162678A1 (en) | 2007-07-10 | 2008-07-03 | Use of inert gases for shielding oxidizer and fuel |
CN200880101383A CN101772674A (en) | 2007-07-10 | 2008-07-03 | Use of inert gases for shielding oxidizer and fuel |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP07013518A EP2014978A1 (en) | 2007-07-10 | 2007-07-10 | Use of insert gases for shielding oxidiser from fuel |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2014978A1 true EP2014978A1 (en) | 2009-01-14 |
Family
ID=38941824
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP07013518A Withdrawn EP2014978A1 (en) | 2007-07-10 | 2007-07-10 | Use of insert gases for shielding oxidiser from fuel |
EP08761415A Withdrawn EP2162678A1 (en) | 2007-07-10 | 2008-07-03 | Use of inert gases for shielding oxidizer and fuel |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP08761415A Withdrawn EP2162678A1 (en) | 2007-07-10 | 2008-07-03 | Use of inert gases for shielding oxidizer and fuel |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20100186417A1 (en) |
EP (2) | EP2014978A1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN101772674A (en) |
WO (1) | WO2009007293A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2520857A1 (en) * | 2011-05-05 | 2012-11-07 | General Electric Company | A Combustor Nozzle And Method For Supplying Fuel To A Combustor |
EP2653698A1 (en) * | 2012-04-19 | 2013-10-23 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Method for operating a gas turbine unit |
Families Citing this family (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR101371291B1 (en) * | 2012-05-04 | 2014-03-07 | 고등기술연구원연구조합 | Non-slagging and partial-slagging gasifier |
DE102012216267A1 (en) * | 2012-09-13 | 2014-03-13 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Meter body |
DE102012216508A1 (en) * | 2012-09-17 | 2014-03-20 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Gasification burner for air flow carburettor, has annular channel of inert medium that is arranged between annular channel of oxidizing agent and pulverized fuel conduit |
DE102012216557A1 (en) * | 2012-09-17 | 2014-03-20 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Combination burner for use in gasification reactor for reduction or oxidization of dust-like solid or liquid fuel, has cooling parts including outlets such that parts are coolable by coolant, which reaches into chamber through outlets |
DE102012216505A1 (en) * | 2012-09-17 | 2014-03-20 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Gasification burner with inert gas curtain between pilot burner and dust burner |
US9562692B2 (en) | 2013-02-06 | 2017-02-07 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Nozzle with multi-tube fuel passageway for gas turbine engines |
CN104019447B (en) * | 2013-03-01 | 2016-02-03 | 西安航天远征流体控制股份有限公司 | Startup burner igniter nitrogen protection device |
CN112050253B (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2022-04-22 | 中国航发四川燃气涡轮研究院 | Multiple thermal-insulated fuel nozzle |
US11306661B1 (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2022-04-19 | General Electric Company | Methods and apparatus to operate a gas turbine engine with hydrogen gas |
US20220373182A1 (en) * | 2021-05-21 | 2022-11-24 | General Electric Company | Pilot fuel nozzle assembly with vented venturi |
US20240288159A1 (en) * | 2023-02-23 | 2024-08-29 | Raytheon Technologies Corporation | Turbine engine fuel injector assembly with annular fuel outlet |
US12038177B1 (en) * | 2023-03-14 | 2024-07-16 | Rtx Corporation | Fuel injector assembly for gas turbine engine with fuel, air and steam injection |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0375311A1 (en) * | 1988-12-22 | 1990-06-27 | General Electric Company | Integral fuel nozzle cover for gas turbine combustor |
EP0473906A1 (en) * | 1990-08-01 | 1992-03-11 | Corning Incorporated | Oxygen-fuel burner assembly and operation |
EP0718554A2 (en) * | 1994-12-20 | 1996-06-26 | The BOC Group plc | A combustion apparatus |
US20020090587A1 (en) * | 2001-01-05 | 2002-07-11 | Pribish Vincent R. | Burner for high-temperature combustion |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4362274A (en) * | 1980-06-27 | 1982-12-07 | Coen Company, Inc. | Dual fuel atomizer |
IT1263683B (en) * | 1992-08-21 | 1996-08-27 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | NOZZLE COMPLEX FOR FUEL FOR A GAS TURBINE |
DE10158805A1 (en) * | 2001-11-30 | 2003-06-18 | Siemens Ag | marine propulsion |
US7082765B2 (en) * | 2004-09-01 | 2006-08-01 | General Electric Company | Methods and apparatus for reducing gas turbine engine emissions |
-
2007
- 2007-07-10 EP EP07013518A patent/EP2014978A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2008
- 2008-07-03 EP EP08761415A patent/EP2162678A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2008-07-03 US US12/665,970 patent/US20100186417A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2008-07-03 WO PCT/EP2008/058544 patent/WO2009007293A1/en active Application Filing
- 2008-07-03 CN CN200880101383A patent/CN101772674A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0375311A1 (en) * | 1988-12-22 | 1990-06-27 | General Electric Company | Integral fuel nozzle cover for gas turbine combustor |
EP0473906A1 (en) * | 1990-08-01 | 1992-03-11 | Corning Incorporated | Oxygen-fuel burner assembly and operation |
EP0718554A2 (en) * | 1994-12-20 | 1996-06-26 | The BOC Group plc | A combustion apparatus |
US20020090587A1 (en) * | 2001-01-05 | 2002-07-11 | Pribish Vincent R. | Burner for high-temperature combustion |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2520857A1 (en) * | 2011-05-05 | 2012-11-07 | General Electric Company | A Combustor Nozzle And Method For Supplying Fuel To A Combustor |
EP2653698A1 (en) * | 2012-04-19 | 2013-10-23 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Method for operating a gas turbine unit |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2009007293A1 (en) | 2009-01-15 |
US20100186417A1 (en) | 2010-07-29 |
CN101772674A (en) | 2010-07-07 |
EP2162678A1 (en) | 2010-03-17 |
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