EP2009944A1 - Procédé d'identification d'un noeud d'accès d'une passerelle d'accueil, noeud d'accès à une passerelle d'accueil et station mobile pour effectuer le procédé - Google Patents

Procédé d'identification d'un noeud d'accès d'une passerelle d'accueil, noeud d'accès à une passerelle d'accueil et station mobile pour effectuer le procédé Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2009944A1
EP2009944A1 EP07301184A EP07301184A EP2009944A1 EP 2009944 A1 EP2009944 A1 EP 2009944A1 EP 07301184 A EP07301184 A EP 07301184A EP 07301184 A EP07301184 A EP 07301184A EP 2009944 A1 EP2009944 A1 EP 2009944A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fingerprint
mobile station
home gateway
mobile
gateway access
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP07301184A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Philippe Duplessis
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Alcatel Lucent SAS
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Alcatel Lucent SAS
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alcatel Lucent SAS filed Critical Alcatel Lucent SAS
Priority to EP07301184A priority Critical patent/EP2009944A1/fr
Publication of EP2009944A1 publication Critical patent/EP2009944A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W12/00—Security arrangements; Authentication; Protecting privacy or anonymity
    • H04W12/08—Access security
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L63/00—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security
    • H04L63/12—Applying verification of the received information
    • H04L63/126—Applying verification of the received information the source of the received data
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W12/00—Security arrangements; Authentication; Protecting privacy or anonymity
    • H04W12/60—Context-dependent security
    • H04W12/69—Identity-dependent
    • H04W12/72—Subscriber identity
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W84/00—Network topologies
    • H04W84/02—Hierarchically pre-organised networks, e.g. paging networks, cellular networks, WLAN [Wireless Local Area Network] or WLL [Wireless Local Loop]
    • H04W84/04—Large scale networks; Deep hierarchical networks
    • H04W84/042—Public Land Mobile systems, e.g. cellular systems
    • H04W84/045—Public Land Mobile systems, e.g. cellular systems using private Base Stations, e.g. femto Base Stations, home Node B
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
    • H04W88/16—Gateway arrangements

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to identification of a home gateway access node in cellular wireless communication systems.
  • a home gateway provides a radio interface similar to that of a cellular infrastructure, and interfaces with a cellular network.
  • the coverage of the HGW can be considered as a cell of the cellular network to which it is fully integrated, which results in the HGW extending the coverage of a cellular infrastructure.
  • the HGW typically consists of a small, low-power, base station or base station router, radiating according to a radio interface similar or identical to that of an outdoor wireless network, and connected to the wireless network infrastructure by means of the user's DSL line or more generally any broadband access.
  • One specific difficulty encountered in the deployment of home gateways relates to access control and the ability to hand over a user communication going on through a serving base station belonging to the "public" part of the network to a HGW which belongs to a "private" part, i.e. to which access is not allowed for every mobile station user.
  • Such functionality is useful, for example, when the user arrives home where the HGW provides indoor coverage in much better conditions than the public macro-cell. It implies that, during a communication, the mobile terminal monitors beacon channels broadcast from cells in the neighborhood of the serving base station including the beacon channel broadcast by the HGW, in order to make it possible to detect that a handover to the HGW would be desirable.
  • the HGW device would typically be purchased or else rent by a main user, who can be referred to as the "owner" of the HGW.
  • the benefit for the owner may be a reduced fare when he/she uses his/her own HGW. This could also apply to a limited number of additional users, such as typically some family members of the owner, who would be registered by the owner.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a method for identifying a home gateway access node to a user located under its coverage. Another object of the present invention is to provide a solution allowing a home gateway user to know that its mobile station is located under the coverage of a specific home gateway. Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a solution allowing the owner of a home gateway as well as possibly other users to know that their respective mobile station is located under the coverage of the home gateway owned by the owner or to which the user has access rights.
  • the invention thus proposes a method of identifying a home gateway access node, in a cellular radio-communication system comprising a core network and an access network, the access network comprising home gateway access nodes, wherein each home gateway access node has a base transceiver station for providing wireless links to at least one mobile station.
  • the method comprises the steps of obtaining a first fingerprint of an identity associated with the mobile station, obtaining a second fingerprint of a mobile subscriber identity, generating a third fingerprint from a combination of said first and second fingerprint, transmitting messages from the home gateway access node to mobile stations, said messages being broadcast to the mobile stations and comprising said third fingerprint, receiving at the mobile station a fingerprint transmitted by the home gateway access node, storing the received fingerprint, comparing the stored fingerprint and information stored in a subscriber identification module associated with the mobile station, and identifying the home gateway access node when a match between said stored fingerprint and information stored in a subscriber identification module associated with the mobile station is detected.
  • the step of obtaining a first fingerprint of an identity associated with the mobile station comprises a step of generating said first fingerprint using a hash algorithm applied to the identity associated with the mobile station.
  • the step of obtaining a second fingerprint of a mobile subscriber identity comprises a step of generating said second fingerprint using a hash algorithm applied to the mobile subscriber identity.
  • a home gateway access node for a cellular radio-communication system comprising a core network and an access network, comprising a base transceiver station for providing wireless links to at least one mobile station.
  • the base transceiver station comprises processing means for generating a third fingerprint from input data comprising first and second fingerprint associated with an identity associated with the mobile station, and a mobile subscriber identity, respectively, retrieving means for retrieving from a database in the cellular system first and second fingerprint associated with an identity associated with the mobile station, and a mobile subscriber identity, respectively, and to provide said retrieved first and second fingerprint to the processing means, and transmitting means for radio transmit said generated fingerprint to mobile stations.
  • Yet another aspect of the invention relates to a mobile station for communicating through a cellular radio-communication system comprising a core network and an access network, the access network comprising home gateway access nodes, which comprises receiving means for receiving a fingerprint in a message transmitted by a home gateway access node, the received fingerprint combining a first fingerprint of an identity associated with the mobile station and a second fingerprint of a mobile subscriber identity.
  • the mobile station may further comprise storing means for storing the received fingerprint, and processing means for detecting a match between information stored in a subscriber identification module associated with the mobile station and the stored fingerprint.
  • the processing means may also further include means for, when the subscriber identification module is connected to the mobile station so that information stored therein can be retrieved, retrieving from the subscriber identification module the identity associated with the mobile station and a mobile subscriber identity and generating a fingerprint from input data comprising first and second fingerprint associated with said retrieved identity associated with the mobile station, and mobile subscriber identity, respectively.
  • the invention also proposes a computer program product for implementing the method in accordance with embodiments of the invention, when the program is loaded and run on computer means of the network.
  • the invention also proposes a machine readable medium that contains computer program code, wherein, when the computer program code is executed by a processor, the processor performs a method for identifying a home gateway access node, in a cellular radio-communication system comprising a core network and an access network, the access network comprising home gateway access nodes, wherein each home gateway access node has a base transceiver station for providing wireless links to at least one mobile station, the method comprising the steps of obtaining a first fingerprint of an identity associated with the mobile station, obtaining a second fingerprint of a mobile subscriber identity, generating a fingerprint from a combination of said first and second fingerprint, and transmitting messages to mobile stations, said messages being broadcast to the mobile stations and comprising said generated fingerprint.
  • the invention also proposes a machine readable medium that contains computer program code, wherein, when the computer program code is executed by a processor, the processor performs a method for identifying a home gateway access node, in a cellular radio-communication system comprising a core network and an access network, the access network comprising home gateway access nodes, wherein each home gateway access node has a base transceiver station for providing wireless links to at least one mobile station, the method comprising the steps of receiving a fingerprint transmitted by a home gateway access node, the received fingerprint combining a first fingerprint of an identity associated with the mobile station and a second fingerprint of a mobile subscriber identity, and storing said received fingerprint, comparing said stored fingerprint and information stored in a subscriber identification module associated with the mobile station, and identifying a home gateway access node when a match between said stored fingerprint and information stored in a subscriber identification module associated with the mobile station is detected.
  • SIM subscriber identity module
  • interfacing means for, when connected to a mobile station in a cellular radio-communication system comprising a core network and an access network, the access network comprising home gateway access nodes, wherein each home gateway access node has a base transceiver station for providing wireless links to the mobile station, receiving from the mobile station a fingerprint combining a first fingerprint of an identity associated with the mobile station and a second fingerprint of a mobile subscriber identity, storing means for storing said received fingerprint, and processing means for comparing the stored fingerprint and data relating to the mobile subscriber stored on the SIM, and for detecting a match between the stored fingerprint and said data relating to the mobile subscriber stored on the SIM.
  • SIM subscriber identity module
  • SIM subscriber identity module
  • processing means performs a method for identifying a home gateway access node comprising the steps of receiving from the mobile station a fingerprint combining a first fingerprint of an identity associated with the mobile station and a second fingerprint of a mobile subscriber identity, and storing said received fingerprint, comparing the stored fingerprint and data relating to the mobile subscriber stored on the SIM, and detecting a match between the stored fingerprint and said data relating to the mobile subscriber stored on the SIM.
  • the present invention will be described below in its particular application to third generation (3G) cellular networks of the UMTS ("Universal Mobile Telecommunications Service”) type. However, it will be appreciated that it is applicable to very diverse types of digital cellular systems, GSM-GPRS, EDGE, IS 95, other third generation wide-band CDMA cellular system such as CDMA 2000 or TD-SCDMA or evolutions thereof, or 3G LTE (Long Term Evolution) systems.
  • 3G Third Generation
  • a conventional UMTS system includes a core network (CN) 1 comprising interconnected switches referred to as MSC/VLR (mobile switching center / visitor location register) for circuit-switched services and as SGSN (serving GPRS support node) for packet-switched services.
  • MSC/VLR mobile switching center / visitor location register
  • SGSN serving GPRS support node
  • UTRAN UMTS terrestrial radio access network
  • RNCs radio network controllers
  • Each RNC 2 supervises a number of base transceiver stations (BTSs) 3, or "nodes B" through an interface referred to as lub in the UMTS standards.
  • the BTSs are distributed over the territory to be covered by the access network 100.
  • Each BTS serves one or several cells where the cellular service is made available to the public.
  • HGWs home gateways
  • a HGW 5 uses the same radio interface as a regular BTS 3.
  • the set of HGWs 5 can be allocated a specific carrier frequency distinct from that or those used by the BTSs 3, so as to avoid complications in the radio engineering of the public part of the access network due to interference with HGWs.
  • the radio range of a HGW is low, typically a few tens of meters. It is intended to be installed in customer premises, so that it is an efficient means for the cellular operator to offer indoor coverage.
  • the BTSs 3 and HGWs 5 are capable of communicating by radio with the mobile stations 40, 40a called UE ("User Equipment").
  • a HGW 5 uses the customer's digital subscriber line (DSL) for broadband access to the Internet 6, for example an asymmetric digital subscriber line (ADSL).
  • DSL digital subscriber line
  • ADSL asymmetric digital subscriber line
  • the customer's DSL connects the HGW 5 to a router 7 of his/her Internet service provider (ISP).
  • ISP Internet service provider
  • a private operator network organized as a local area network (LAN) 20 is provided for the integration HGWs 5 to the cellular access network 100.
  • the units of the private operator network 20 include:
  • the HGW 5 belongs to a set top box 10, either as a built-in unit or as a peripheral unit, along with other modules such as an Ethernet board 11, a Wifi board 12, a TV decoder 13, etc.
  • a network address translator (NAT) module 14 is provided within the set top box 10 for interfacing with the Internet via the subscriber's access line 16 and separating the public addressing domain from the private addressing domain of the customer.
  • NAT network address translator
  • the HGW 5 has a network (TCP/IP) interface 8 and a BTS unit 9 suitable for performing the node B functions of the UMTS standard.
  • the HGW 5 is also fitted with a memory microcard (MMC) module 15 in which certain parameters are stored, including:
  • a control module 18 of the HGW 5 supervises the operation of the BTS unit 9 and exchanges information with the MMC module 15 and the private operator network 20.
  • HGW 5 Before the HGW 5 is delivered to the customer, some pre-configuration is needed to create the HGW ID and the associated security credentials, to record them into the RADIUS server 23, and to load the above-listed parameters into the MMC module 15. In addition, any customer-specific parameters needed for the operation of the HGW ID is defined and stored in the HGDB 26.
  • one or several fingerprints are defined and generated for the purpose of identifying the HGW 5 to the respective mobile station user, i.e. allowing a respective user to verify that he/she is located under the radio coverage of a specific HGW 5 to which it is associated.
  • a fingerprint is preferably either unique, or defined in such a way that it minimizes the occurrences of false detection.
  • a false detection would for instance occur if a mobile station detects upon reception of the fingerprint that it is located under the radio coverage of the HGW 5 to which its user is associated (e.g. the HGW owned by its user or installed in the residence of its user) although it is not in fact the case.
  • a specific HGW provides to mobile stations under its radio coverage a fingerprint associated with a specific registered user (possibly referred to as a "registered user fingerprint" in the below description, without limiting the scope of the present invention) constitutes an association between the HGW and the registered user.
  • these fingerprints are generated in the access network, and stored in the HGDB 26.
  • a fingerprint is based on both an identity associated with the mobile station of the user, and a mobile subscriber identity.
  • those parameters are provisioned at the access network, for each registered user, in association with each HGW 5, and stored in the access network, for example in the HGDB 26.
  • the fingerprint generated for user of the mobile station 40 is based on the IMSI (International Mobile Subscriber Identity) of the mobile station 40 of the user, which is an identity of the subscriber associated with the mobile station 40, and on the MS-ISDN number of the user of the mobile station 40, that is the phone number allocated to the mobile subscriber.
  • IMSI International Mobile Subscriber Identity
  • the IMSI uniquely identifies the mobile station 40 internationally, is typically stored in the Subscriber Identity Module (SIM) connected to the mobile station 40, and conforms to the ITU E.212 numbering standard.
  • SIM Subscriber Identity Module
  • the information on which the mobile subscriber fingerprint is based is chosen in view of its availability at both the mobile station side and the access network side.
  • the IMSI and MS-ISDN are both available at the access network, and can be provisioned in the HGDB 26, for each registered user, in association with each HGW 5.
  • the IMSI is one of the information item stored on the SIM module (subscriber identification module) - in fact the IMSI is the SIM identity, and the user's MSISDN is also stored on the SIM module, as described in the 3GPP technical specification TS31.102, Section 4.2.26., provided it has been so configured by the mobile station's user, as allowed by any commercially available mobile station.
  • the registered user fingerprint is generated based on an identity associated with the mobile station of the user, and a mobile subscriber identity. Those two parameters are not used as such for security and privacy protection purpose.
  • the IMSI and MS-ISDN are used in the generation of the mobile subscriber fingerprint.
  • the IMSI is confidential information, in the sense that the knowledge of the IMSI associated to a user may facilitate some security attacks.
  • the invention proposes to obtain a first fingerprint of an identity associated with the mobile station of the user, and a second fingerprint of a mobile subscriber identity, and to generate a registered user fingerprint from a combination of said first and second fingerprints.
  • a fingerprint of the IMSI and a fingerprint of the MS-ISDN are generated.
  • the registered user fingerprint S comprises two parts, S IMSI and S MSISDN .
  • S IMSI [ S ⁇ 1 , S ⁇ 2 ]
  • S MSISDN [ S ⁇ 3 , S ⁇ 4 ]
  • S IMSI is generated solely from the IMSI, whereas S MSISDN is generated solely from the MS-ISDN.
  • S IMSI is a fingerprint of the IMSI, generated according to a compression algorithm.
  • the IMSI is thus compressed from an initial length of 5 bytes (10 BCD digits) to 2 bytes.
  • Fig. 3 shows the structure and format of an IMSI, as specified in the ITU recommendation E.212.
  • the IMSI is formed of a Mobile Country Code (MCC) part (3 BCD digits long), a Mobile Network Code (MNC) part (2 or 3 BCD digits long), and a Mobile Station Identity Number (MSIN) part (maximum 10 BCD digits long).
  • MCC Mobile Country Code
  • MNC Mobile Network Code
  • MSIN Mobile Station Identity Number
  • NMSI National Mobile Station Identity
  • Fig. 4 shows an example of computation of a 2-byte long S IMSI based on a 10 BCD long MSIN sequence. Note that any other so-called “hash” algorithm known to the man in the art could be used without departing from the teaching of the present invention.
  • a first shift operation the 3 rd and 4 th BCD digits [B0 B1 B2 B3 B4 B5 B6 B7] leads to the sequence [B1 B2 B3 B4 B5 B6 B7 B0], which is added to the 5 th and 6 th BCD digits [C0 C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7] to produce the sequence [Y0 Y1 Y2 Y3 Y4 Y5 Y6 Y7].
  • a second shift operation of the 7 th and 8 th BCD digits [D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7] leads to the sequence [D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D0], which is then added to the 9 th and 10 th BCD digits [E0 E1 E2 E3 E4 E5 E6 E7] to produce the sequence [X0 X1 X2 X3 X4 X5 X6 X7].
  • S MS-ISDN is also a fingerprint of the MS-ISDN, generated according to a compression (or "hash") algorithm.
  • the MS-ISDN is thus compressed from an initial length of 4 bytes to 2 bytes.
  • the HGW 5 comprises processing means 18 for generating a registered user fingerprint from input data comprising first and second fingerprint associated with an identity associated with the mobile station, and a mobile subscriber identity, respectively. Said first and second fingerprint are generated in another node of the network, so that the HGW 5 also comprises retrieving means for retrieving from the HGDB 26 first and second fingerprint associated with an identity associated with the mobile station, and a mobile subscriber identity, respectively, and to provide said retrieved first and second fingerprint to the processing means.
  • the processing means generate the registered user fingerprint, and provide the generated registered user fingerprint to transmitting means 9 adapted to transmit said registered user fingerprint to mobile stations, preferably by means of signaling information broadcast.
  • the common signaling channel conveys system information broadcast by the base station under the control of its controlling RNC.
  • the broadcast system information includes a user-independent list identifying up to forty-eight beacon channels used by base stations located in the neighborhood of the base station in question.
  • each beacon channel corresponds to a scrambling code used by a base station on its primary common pilot channel (CPICH).
  • CPICH primary common pilot channel
  • the registered user fingerprint is transmitted together with other system information broadcast by the HGW 5.
  • the information on which the mobile subscriber fingerprint is based is available at both the mobile station side and the access network side.
  • the mobile station comprises receiving means for receiving a registered user fingerprint transmitted by the HGW 5.
  • the mobile station also comprises processing means for detecting a match between information stored in a subscriber identification module associated with the mobile station and the received registered user fingerprint.
  • the identity associated with the mobile station for instance the MS-ISDN
  • a mobile subscriber identity for instance the IMSI
  • SIM subscriber identification module
  • the processing means further include means for, when the subscriber identification module is connected to the mobile station so that information stored therein can be retrieved, retrieving from the subscriber identification module the identity associated with the mobile station and a mobile subscriber identity and generating a registered user fingerprint from input data comprising first and second fingerprint associated with said retrieved identity associated with the mobile station, and mobile subscriber identity, respectively.
  • the registered user fingerprint generated at the mobile station is then compared with the registered user fingerprint received from the HGW to detect a match.
  • a registered user fingerprint received by the mobile station 40 on a home gateway access node broadcast channel may be stored on a mobile station Subscriber Identification Module (SIM) connected to the mobile station 40.
  • SIM Subscriber Identification Module
  • the registered user fingerprint received by the mobile station 40 is communicated to the SIM through interfacing means on the SIM.
  • SIM includes processing means for executing software programs (e.g. small-size software programs called applets).
  • applets software programs
  • the mobile station 40 SIM upon reception of a registered user fingerprint, stores the received registered user fingerprint and executes an applet designed for detecting a match between the stored register user fingerprint and data stored on the SIM.
  • the SIM applet may further be designed so that the network name displayed on the mobile station 40 is changed should there be a matched.
EP07301184A 2007-06-29 2007-06-29 Procédé d'identification d'un noeud d'accès d'une passerelle d'accueil, noeud d'accès à une passerelle d'accueil et station mobile pour effectuer le procédé Withdrawn EP2009944A1 (fr)

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EP07301184A EP2009944A1 (fr) 2007-06-29 2007-06-29 Procédé d'identification d'un noeud d'accès d'une passerelle d'accueil, noeud d'accès à une passerelle d'accueil et station mobile pour effectuer le procédé

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EP07301184A EP2009944A1 (fr) 2007-06-29 2007-06-29 Procédé d'identification d'un noeud d'accès d'une passerelle d'accueil, noeud d'accès à une passerelle d'accueil et station mobile pour effectuer le procédé

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112055358A (zh) * 2020-09-10 2020-12-08 国网江苏省电力有限公司信息通信分公司 一种基于射频指纹的wifi网络安全接入方法

Citations (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1999020064A1 (fr) * 1997-10-15 1999-04-22 British Telecommunications Public Limited Company Systeme de radio cellulaire avec definition de zone de rattachement
EP1484936A2 (fr) * 2003-06-05 2004-12-08 Sagem S.A. Procédé de transmission de données dans un système de télécommunication à réseaux multiples

Patent Citations (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1999020064A1 (fr) * 1997-10-15 1999-04-22 British Telecommunications Public Limited Company Systeme de radio cellulaire avec definition de zone de rattachement
EP1484936A2 (fr) * 2003-06-05 2004-12-08 Sagem S.A. Procédé de transmission de données dans un système de télécommunication à réseaux multiples

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BOEGEHOLZ H ET AL: "Telefon-Zellen - Die technik des mobilfunknetzes von viag interkom", INTERNET CITATION, 1999, XP007902622, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:http://www.heise.de/ct/99/18/174/> [retrieved on 20070711] *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112055358A (zh) * 2020-09-10 2020-12-08 国网江苏省电力有限公司信息通信分公司 一种基于射频指纹的wifi网络安全接入方法

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