EP2009351B1 - Coal dust burner for igniting fuel fed into thick flow supplies - Google Patents

Coal dust burner for igniting fuel fed into thick flow supplies Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2009351B1
EP2009351B1 EP08158605A EP08158605A EP2009351B1 EP 2009351 B1 EP2009351 B1 EP 2009351B1 EP 08158605 A EP08158605 A EP 08158605A EP 08158605 A EP08158605 A EP 08158605A EP 2009351 B1 EP2009351 B1 EP 2009351B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
burner
fuel
primary air
pipe
air pipe
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Not-in-force
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EP08158605A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2009351A2 (en
EP2009351A3 (en
Inventor
Martin Ehmann
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Hitachi Power Europe GmbH
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Hitachi Power Europe GmbH
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Application filed by Hitachi Power Europe GmbH filed Critical Hitachi Power Europe GmbH
Priority to PL08158605T priority Critical patent/PL2009351T3/en
Priority to SI200830490T priority patent/SI2009351T1/en
Publication of EP2009351A2 publication Critical patent/EP2009351A2/en
Publication of EP2009351A3 publication Critical patent/EP2009351A3/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D1/00—Burners for combustion of pulverulent fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C6/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers or combustion zones, e.g. for staged combustion
    • F23C6/04—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers or combustion zones, e.g. for staged combustion in series connection
    • F23C6/045—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers or combustion zones, e.g. for staged combustion in series connection with staged combustion in a single enclosure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C7/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply
    • F23C7/002—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply the air being submitted to a rotary or spinning motion
    • F23C7/004—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply the air being submitted to a rotary or spinning motion using vanes
    • F23C7/006—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply the air being submitted to a rotary or spinning motion using vanes adjustable

Definitions

  • the invention is directed to a burner, in particular pulverized coal burner, with a fuel delivery pipe and concentrically disposed therein primary air pipe, the primary air pipe outlet side ends at a distance from the mouth of the fuel delivery pipe and the burner is connected to a dust-like fuel in the dense stream promoting supply line or connectable. Furthermore, the invention is directed to a method for the combustion of particulate fuel, in particular pulverized coal, preferably dry lignite, in a burner with primary air pipe and fuel delivery pipe, wherein the burner fed the fuel in dense phase conveying and promoted in dense phase promotion within the burner along the burner longitudinal axis and mixed with combustion air ,
  • burners which in addition to a core air supply have a primary air, a secondary air and a tertiary air supply.
  • US 2002/0144636 A discloses such a burner.
  • Such burners are used in particular in connection with the firing of fireboxes of large steam generators.
  • the primary air, secondary air and tertiary air supply is in the form of concentrically arranged, annular conveyor cross-sections or concentric arrangements coaxially around a central core air tube, in which an oil burner lance or the like can be arranged, formed and arranged.
  • the dust-like fuel is usually together with the primary combustion air (primary air) in a primary air tube inside the burner to the burner mouth.
  • primary air primary air
  • this primary air pipe then disposed on the outside of the core casing tube swirler are provided, the imposition-the pulverized coal / primary air mixture a desired swirling, so that thereby the combustion in particular in view of a low NOx combustion of the fuel optimized, or at least improved.
  • These burners are usually used in plants in which the dust-like fuel is conveyed by means of a pneumatic conveying from the mill directly to the burner. This has the disadvantage that it works with low transport gas loads and high conveyor speeds. This leads to a large wear of the transport tubes.
  • the delivery pipes have relatively large dimensions (conveyor cross sections).
  • the fuel is indeed conveyed into a secondary air flow arranged circumferentially around the primary air flow in the radial direction.
  • this is done with a coiled delivery pipe of small cross-section, so that the fuel exits into the secondary air only in a small area of the secondary air promoting annular channel and consequently there is no uniform distribution of the dusty fuel over the cross section of the entire annular conveying channel of the secondary air.
  • the fuel is conveyed into the secondary air flow, so that an enrichment of the outer region of the primary air flow with fuel does not occur.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a solution that allows x-poor burner with a dense phase conveyance of the fuel to equip a container suitable for firing the furnace of a steam generator NO, without compromising the low NOx combustion performance of the burner.
  • this object is achieved in that the primary air tube is arranged concentrically in the fuel delivery pipe and the primary air outlet side outlet ends at a distance from the mouth of the fuel delivery tube, and that formed between the primary air tube and the fuel delivery tube fuel delivery chamber with the burner dust-like fuel in the dense stream feeding supply line is connected or connected and the fuel delivery chamber has a dense phase conveying the fuel.
  • this object is achieved in that the fuel is conveyed within the burner in a radially outside of a primary air duct formed annular gap channel-shaped fuel delivery and the fuel stream after exiting the fuel delivery within the fuel delivery tube exiting from the primary air line primary air flow mixed becomes.
  • annular gap channel is formed and provided in which the pulverized fuel, in particular dry lignite dust, is conveyed in the burner along the longitudinal axis of the burner until just before the outlet-side opening region of the burner.
  • This annular gap channel is concentrically arranged circumferentially around the primary air flow around.
  • the primary air flow is now further twisted, for which swirl body are arranged and formed in the primary air flow at a suitable point, so that it mixes with the conveyed in dense phase promotion fuel at the end of the annular gap-shaped conveying channel, thereby characterized at the outlet end of the burner to Brennungsraum circumferentially the radially outer region of the primary air flow is enriched evenly with the fuel, or is located exclusively in this area fuel.
  • this measure so quasi promoted only in the outer peripheral region of the primary air flow fuel in dense phase conveying. This does not affect the low NO x combustion characteristics of the respective burner, on the contrary, they are supported, promoted and optimized.
  • a core air tube is arranged in the core air tube.
  • an oil burner lance or the like as is known from conventional burners.
  • the invention further characterized by the fact that the radial distance between the core air tube and the primary air pipe is greater than the radial distance between primary air pipe and fuel delivery pipe.
  • the invention therefore further provides that a plurality of swirl bodies, preferably distributed in the form of a blade ring, are arranged distributed radially on the outside surface of the core air tube, radially on the outside in the annular gap to the primary air tube.
  • the burner according to the invention is also equipped with a ⁇ lbrennerzündlanze, which is why according to the embodiment of the invention coaxial in Core air tube is an ignition lance, in particular a ⁇ lbrennerzündlanze arranged.
  • the invention is therefore further characterized by a secondary air supply surrounding the fuel delivery pipe and a tertiary air supply surrounding the secondary air supply.
  • a radially inwardly extending stabilizing ring is arranged at the combustion chamber mouth-side end of the fuel conveying tube.
  • the method according to the invention initially provides that the primary air is admixed with the fuel stream in the mouth region of the burner in a mixing chamber before exiting into the combustion chamber.
  • This provides the opportunity to use the geometry of existing burners and intensive mixing of primary air and dust-like fuel to generate NO x combustion.
  • the burner is supplied as the primary air, in particular heated air, recirculated flue gas or a mixture of air and recirculated flue gas.
  • the burner 1 discharges on the outlet side into the combustion chamber or the combustion chamber 2 of a steam generator and is arranged in its peripheral wall.
  • the burner 1 has a central, arranged along its longitudinal axis 3 ⁇ lbrennerzündlanze 4. This is arranged in the center of a ⁇ lbrennerzündlanze 4 coaxially surrounding core air tube 5.
  • the fuel delivery pipe 7 is arranged concentrically around the ⁇ lbrennerzündlanze 4 and the core air tube 5 and forms the outer circumferential surface of a primary air pipe 9 and after the end to the combustion chamber 2 toward the outer surface of the core air tube 5 each have an annular gap-shaped conveying cross section.
  • an air deflector throat 8 extending over the entire circumference of the fuel delivery pipe 7 is formed on the outside.
  • a stabilizing ring 14 provided with teeth extends radially inwards into the delivery cross section of the fuel delivery pipe 7 and forms the end of the fuel delivery pipe 7 at this location.
  • the Core air tube 5 ends burner inside with a distance to the combustion chamber outlet side muzzle end of the fuel conveying tube 7 in the region of the louver 6.
  • the primary air tube 9 is arranged coaxially with the core air tube 5 and the fuel delivery tube 7, so that a fuel delivery chamber 13 with an annular cross-section is formed.
  • the combustion chamber 2 facing the mouth end of the primary air pipe 9 terminates at a distance from the burner outlet side mouth ends of both the core air tube 5 and the fuel delivery pipe 7, so that the burner inside a mixing cross-section or mixing chamber 10 is formed.
  • the mouth-side end of the primary air tube 9 is located approximately in the region of the arrangement of low NO x burners usually provided in the primary air flow swirlers 15.
  • the primary air pipe 9 extends far into the burner 1 in that its mouth-side end in the positioning range of adjustable Swirl bodies 11, 12 are arranged, which are located in a secondary air supply 19 and a tertiary air supply 20.
  • the primary air pipe 9 is further arranged relative to the core air pipe 5 and fuel delivery pipe 7 so that its radial distance to the core air tube 5 is greater than the fuel delivery pipe 7. Between the outside of the primary air pipe 9 and the inside of the fuel delivery pipe 7 thus the annular gap-shaped fuel delivery chamber 13 is formed.
  • This annular fuel delivery chamber 13 is provided with a not shown supply line connected or connectable, with which fuel pneumatically fed in dense phase conveying the burner 1 and then also in the fuel delivery chamber 13 is pneumatically conveyed in the dense stream.
  • the fuel is particulate fuel, in particular pulverized coal, preferably pulverulent dry lignite.
  • the dense phase conveying takes place with a load of 20-90 kg of dust / kg conveying gas and a conveying speed of 3 to 20 m / s at pressures ⁇ 10 bar.
  • the radial distance between the outside of the primary air tube 9 and the inside of the fuel delivery tube 7 and thus the gap height of the fuel delivery or fuel delivery 13 may be approximately as long as the length of the teeth of the stabilizing ring 14 radially inwardly toward the burner axis. 3 extend.
  • the primary air may be air, in particular preheated air, but also recirculated flue gas or a mixture of recirculated flue gas and air.
  • the primary air conveyed through the primary air duct 18 with a circular gap-shaped conveying cross-section is set into a twisted flow when emerging by means of an adjustable swirl body 15 arranged on the inside end on the primary air pipe 9 between the core air pipe 5 and the primary air pipe 9.
  • the swirl body 15 are in the form of a blade ring evenly distributed on Outer circumference of the core air tube 5 arranged guide vanes formed.
  • the burner 1 as known from conventional burners ago, outside coaxially disposed around the fuel delivery pipe 7, a secondary air pipe 16 and therefore in turn coaxially on the outside with spaced a tertiary air pipe 17 on.
  • the combustion chamber is supplied through the tertiary air pipe 17 2 tertiary air is supplied to the combustion chamber as x-poor of known burners for generating a multi-stage combustion NO is known.
  • the respective swirl bodies 15, 11 and 12 arranged therein are adjustable. But it is also possible to form the swirler 15, 11 and / or 12 respectively immovable.
  • pulverized coal is conveyed pneumatically in dense phase conveying along the burner axis 3 within the burner 1 by the fuel delivery chamber 13.
  • This fuel delivery chamber 13 is located radially outside of the primary air line 18 formed by the interior of the primary air tube 9 and the outer circumferential surface of the core air tube 5, is conveyed by the primary air.
  • the supplied primary air is swirled at the outlet region of the primary air line 18 and the primary air flow cross-section by means of swirl body 15 and mixes with the fuel flow chamber 13 leaving dense stream of fuel.
  • the above embodiment is a construction with a centrally located pilot burner, it is also possible to provide burners constructed without core air supply and pilot burners. The necessary geometric conditions then arise depending on the burner design. According to the invention, it is only important that, with respect to the longitudinal axis of the burner, primary air is conveyed centrally on the inside in a primary air tube, and then it is twisted radially outward Primary air flow is added in the dense stream funded fuel stream.

Abstract

A burner (1) comprises a fuel conveying tube (7) and a primary air tube (9) concentrically arranged within the fuel conveying tube. The burner is connectable to a feed line which conveys a pulverized fuel in a dense phase. An inside space of the primary air tube is connectable to a primary air feed line (18). A fuel conveying space (13) which is formed between the primary air tube and fuel conveying tube is connectable to the feed line which feeds the pulverized fuel in dense phase to the burner. A burner comprises a fuel conveying tube, and a primary air tube concentrically arranged within the fuel conveying tube. A mouth of discharge side of the primary air tube terminates at a distance to a mouth of a discharge side of the fuel tube. The burner is connectable to a feed line which conveys a pulverized fuel in a dense phase. An inside space of the primary air tube is connectable to a primary air feed line. A fuel conveying space which is formed between the primary air tube and fuel conveying tube is connectable to the feed line which feeds the pulverized fuel in dense phase to the burner. An independent claim is included for method for combusting particulate fuel in the burner.

Description

Die Erfindung richtet sich auf einen Brenner, insbesondere Kohlenstaubbrenner, mit einem Brennstoffförderrohr und einem konzentrisch darin angeordneten Primärluftrohr, wobei das Primärluftrohr mündungsaustrittsseitig mit Abstand zu der Mündungsöffnung des Brennstoffförderrohres endet und der Brenner mit einer staubförmigen Brennstoff im Dichtstrom fördernden Zuleitung verbunden oder verbindbar ist. Weiterhin richtet sich die Erfindung auf ein Verfahren zur Verbrennung partikelförmigen Brennstoffs, insbesondere Kohlenstaubs, bevorzugt Trockenbraunkohle, in einem Brenner mit Primärluftrohr und Brennstoffförderrohr, wobei dem Brenner der Brennstoff in Dichtstromförderung zugeführt und in Dichtstromförderung innerhalb des Brenners längs der Brennerlängsachse gefördert und mit Verbrennungsluft vermischt wird.The invention is directed to a burner, in particular pulverized coal burner, with a fuel delivery pipe and concentrically disposed therein primary air pipe, the primary air pipe outlet side ends at a distance from the mouth of the fuel delivery pipe and the burner is connected to a dust-like fuel in the dense stream promoting supply line or connectable. Furthermore, the invention is directed to a method for the combustion of particulate fuel, in particular pulverized coal, preferably dry lignite, in a burner with primary air pipe and fuel delivery pipe, wherein the burner fed the fuel in dense phase conveying and promoted in dense phase promotion within the burner along the burner longitudinal axis and mixed with combustion air ,

Zur Verbrennung von partikelförmigem Brennstoff, insbesondere Kohlenstaub und Trockenbraunkohlenstaub, ist es bekannt, diesen in Brennern zu verbrennen, die neben einer Kernluftzuführung eine Primärluft-, eine Sekundärluft- und eine Tertiärluftzuführung aufweisen. US 2002/0144636 A offenbart einen solchen Brenner. Derartige Brenner finden insbesondere im Zusammenhang mit der Befeuerung von Feuerräumen großer Dampferzeuger Verwendung. Die Primärluft-, Sekundärluft- und Tertiärluftzuführung ist dabei in Form von konzentrisch zueinander angeordneten, ringförmigen Förderquerschnitten oder konzentrischen Anordnungen koaxial um ein zentrales Kernluftrohr, in dem eine Ölbrennerlanze oder ähnliches angeordnet sein kann, ausgebildet und angeordnet. Der staubförmige Brennstoff wird dabei in der Regel zusammen mit der primären Verbrennungsluft (Primärluft) in einem Primärluftrohr innerhalb des Brenners zur Brennermündung geführt. In diesem Primärluftrohr sind dann auf der Außenseite des Kernmantelrohres angeordnete Drallkörper vorgesehen, die dem Kohlenstaub/Primärluftgemisch eine gewünschte Verdrallung aufzwängen, so dass dadurch die Verbrennung insbesondere im Hinblick auf eine NOx-arme Verbrennung des Brennstoffes optimiert, zumindest aber verbessert wird. Diese Brenner werden in der Regel in Anlagen verwendet, bei denen der staubförmige Brennstoff mittels einer pneumatischen Förderung von der Mühle aus direkt zum Brenner gefördert wird. Dieser haftet der Nachteil an dass dabei mit geringen Transportgasbeladungen und hohen Fördergeschwindigkeiten gearbeitet wird. Dies führt zu einem großen Verschleiß der Transportrohre. Ferner weisen die Förderrohre relativ große Abmessungen (Förderquerschnitte) auf.For the combustion of particulate fuel, in particular pulverized coal and dry lignite dust, it is known to burn it in burners, which in addition to a core air supply have a primary air, a secondary air and a tertiary air supply. US 2002/0144636 A discloses such a burner. Such burners are used in particular in connection with the firing of fireboxes of large steam generators. The primary air, secondary air and tertiary air supply is in the form of concentrically arranged, annular conveyor cross-sections or concentric arrangements coaxially around a central core air tube, in which an oil burner lance or the like can be arranged, formed and arranged. The dust-like fuel is usually together with the primary combustion air (primary air) in a primary air tube inside the burner to the burner mouth. In this primary air pipe then disposed on the outside of the core casing tube swirler are provided, the imposition-the pulverized coal / primary air mixture a desired swirling, so that thereby the combustion in particular in view of a low NOx combustion of the fuel optimized, or at least improved. These burners are usually used in plants in which the dust-like fuel is conveyed by means of a pneumatic conveying from the mill directly to the burner. This has the disadvantage that it works with low transport gas loads and high conveyor speeds. This leads to a large wear of the transport tubes. Furthermore, the delivery pipes have relatively large dimensions (conveyor cross sections).

Zur Vermeidung dieser Nachteile sind in der DE 197 15 973 A1 bereits ein gattungsgemäßer Brenner und ein gattungsgemäßes Verfahren vorgeschlagen worden, bei welchen der staubförmige Brennstoff mittels Dichtstrom pneumatisch in einem Dichtstromfördersystem zum Brenner und im Brenner gefördert wird. Hierbei wird Trockenbraunkohlestaub mittels eines Dichtstromfördersystems einstufig gefördert und mit einer Transportgasbeladung von mindestens 60 kg Staub/kg Transportgas bzw. mit einer Förderstromdichte zwischen 100 und 350 kg Staub/m3 einem Dampferzeugerbrenner zugeführt. Zur Regelung des Staubmassenstromes und der Beladung der Förderleitungen wird Wasserdampf oder ein heißes Inertgas wie z. B. Rauchgas oder Stickstoff als pneumatisches Fördermedium verwendet. Dabei sind in der DE 197 15 973 A1 Brenner beschrieben, bei denen der Brennstoff in einer zentralen Zuführleitung dem Brenner zugeführt und dann bei Austritt aus dieser zentralen Leitung mit aus konzentrisch darum angeordneten ringspaltförmigen Öffnungen austretenden Primärluft- und Sekundärluftströmen vermischt, dispergiert und aufgelöst in den Feuerraum verteilt wird. Ein anderer Brenner weist ein zentrales Primärluftrohr auf, das konzentrisch von Sekundärluft- und Tertiärluftleitungen umgeben ist. Bei diesem Brenner wird der Brennstoff in einer gewendelt um das Primärluftrohr geführten Staubrohrleitung in den Brenner eingetragen und innerhalb des Brenners mit Abstand von der Mündungsöffnung des Brenners in den Sekundärluftspalt ausgetragen.To avoid these disadvantages are in the DE 197 15 973 A1 already proposed a generic burner and a generic method in which the dust-like fuel is conveyed by means of dense stream pneumatic in a dense phase conveying system to the burner and in the burner. Hereby, dry lignite dust is conveyed in one stage by means of a dense phase conveying system and fed to a steam generator burner with a transport gas loading of at least 60 kg dust / kg transport gas or with a flow density between 100 and 350 kg dust / m 3 . To control the dust mass flow and the loading of the delivery lines is steam or a hot inert gas such. As flue gas or nitrogen used as a pneumatic conveying medium. There are in the DE 197 15 973 A1 Brenner described in which the fuel in one supplied central supply to the burner and then mixed with emerging from this central line with exiting from concentrically arranged annular gap-shaped openings exiting primary air and secondary air streams, dispersed and dispersed dissolved in the furnace. Another burner has a central primary air tube concentrically surrounded by secondary air and tertiary air lines. In this burner, the fuel is introduced into the burner in a spiral around the primary air duct guided dust pipe and discharged within the burner at a distance from the mouth of the burner in the secondary air gap.

Dieser bekannte Brenner weist zwar schon den Vorteil auf, dass die dem Brenner zugeführten Verbrennungsluftströme und der Brennstoffstrom räumlich voneinander getrennt sind, so dass eine Dichtstromförderung des Brennstoffes, wobei unter Dichtstromförderung in der vorliegenden Anmeldung Transportgasbeladungen von über 20 kg Staub/kg Transportgas und Fördergasgeschwindigkeiten von 3 bis ca. 20 m/s bei Drücken <10 bar verstanden werden, möglich ist, die Verbrennung aber hinsichtlich einer NOx-armen Verbrennung noch nicht optimiert ist. Insbesondere bei den sogenannten DS (Drallstrom)-Brennern, die sich durch eine besonders NOx-arme Verbrennung auszeichnen, ist es nicht möglich, den staubförmigen Brennstoff entweder im zentralen Kernluftrohr oder in einem zentralen Luftrohr zuzuführen oder über eine zusätzliche, gewendelt in dem Sekundärluftzuführungsspalt geführte Brennstoffförderleitung dem Brenner zuzuführen. Um eine NOx-arme Verbrennung zu erzielen, ist es ein technisches Ziel, die Brennstoffkonzentration in der radial betrachtet äußersten Zone des im Brenner geführten Primärluftstromes vor dessen Austritt in den Feuerungsraum anzureichern, wobei diese Anreicherung gleichmäßig über den Umfang des Primärluftstrahles erfolgen soll. Bei den aus der DE 197 15 973 A1 bekannten Brennern ist dieses Ziel nicht erreichbar. Bei dem Brenner mit Zuführung des Brennstoffes in Dichtstromförderung durch ein zentrales Förderrohr wird gerade die Zuführung des Brennstoffes im Bereich der Verlängerung der Brennerlängsachse zentriert, so dass der darum angeordnete Primärluftstrom in seinem radialen äußeren Bereich eben keine Anreicherung an Brennstoffpartikeln aufweist. Bei dem anderen aus dieser Druckschrift bekannten Brenner wird zwar der Brennstoff in einen in radialer Richtung umfangsmäßig um den Primärluftstrom angeordneten Sekundärluftstrom gefördert. Dies geschieht aber mit einem gewendelten Förderrohr geringen Querschnitts, so dass der Brennstoff nur in einem kleinen Bereich des die Sekundärluft fördernden Ringkanals in die Sekundärluft austritt und es folglich keine gleichmäßige Verteilung des staubförmigen Brennstoffs über den Querschnitt des gesamten Ringförderkanals der Sekundärluft gibt. Auch wird in diesem Falle der Brennstoff in den Sekundärluftstrom gefördert, so dass eine Anreicherung des äußeren Bereiches des Primärluftstromes mit Brennstoff nicht erfolgt.Although this known burner already has the advantage that the combustion air streams supplied to the burner and the fuel stream are spatially separated from each other, so that a dense phase conveying the fuel, under dense stream promotion in the present application transport gas loads of over 20 kg of dust / kg transport gas and conveying gas velocities is possible 3 to 20 m / s are understood at pressures <10 bar, the combustion is not yet optimized for a low NOx combustion. In particular, in the so-called DS (swirl flow) burners, which are characterized by a particularly low NO x combustion, it is not possible to supply the dust-like fuel either in the central core air tube or in a central air tube or an additional, coiled in the secondary air supply gap guided fuel delivery line to the burner. In order to achieve low-NO x combustion, it is a technical aim to determine the fuel concentration in the radially outermost zone of the primary air flow guided in the burner before it exits into the combustion chamber to accumulate, this enrichment should take place uniformly over the circumference of the primary air jet. In the from the DE 197 15 973 A1 known burners this goal is not achievable. In the case of the burner with supply of the fuel in dense phase conveying by a central delivery pipe, the supply of the fuel is centered in the area of the extension of the burner longitudinal axis, so that the primary air stream arranged around it does not have any accumulation of fuel particles in its radial outer region. In the case of the other burner known from this publication, the fuel is indeed conveyed into a secondary air flow arranged circumferentially around the primary air flow in the radial direction. However, this is done with a coiled delivery pipe of small cross-section, so that the fuel exits into the secondary air only in a small area of the secondary air promoting annular channel and consequently there is no uniform distribution of the dusty fuel over the cross section of the entire annular conveying channel of the secondary air. Also, in this case, the fuel is conveyed into the secondary air flow, so that an enrichment of the outer region of the primary air flow with fuel does not occur.

Es ist aus der DD 251 476 A3 zwar schon ein Kohlenstaubbrenner für die Dampf-Sauerstoff-Vergasung von im Dichtstrom eingetragenem Kohlenstaub bekannt, bei welchem um eine zentrale Zuführung eines Brenngases und eines Oxidationsmittels über einen Ringspaltquerschnitt gleichmäßig verteilt der Brennstoff in Dichtstromförderung zugeführt wird. Hierbei erfolgt aber die Zumischung eines Dampf-Oxidationsmittelgemisches dann erst im weiteren, späteren Strömungsverlaufes außerhalb einer Brennkammer. Dieser Brenner dient zur Vergasung des Brennstoffes und zur Erzeugung eines Vergasungsgases, weshalb neben dem Oxidationsmittel auch Dampf in den Kohlenstaubstrom eingeblasen wird. Diese Technologie ist aber bei einem Brenner für die Befeuerung eines Feuerraumes eines Dampferzeugers nicht anwendbar.It is from the DD 251 476 A3 Although a pulverized coal burner for the vapor-oxygen gasification of coal dust introduced in the dense stream is already known, in which the fuel is uniformly distributed around a central supply of a fuel gas and an oxidizing agent via an annular gap cross section. In this case, however, the admixture of a vapor-oxidant mixture then takes place only in the further, later flow course outside a combustion chamber. This burner is used to gasify the fuel and to produce a gasification gas, which is why in addition to the oxidizing agent and steam is injected into the coal dust stream. However, this technology is not applicable to a burner for firing a furnace of a steam generator.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Lösung zu schaffen, die es ermöglicht, einen zur Befeuerung des Feuerraums eines Dampferzeugers geeigneten NOx-armen Brenner mit einer Dichtstromförderung des Brennstoffs auszustatten, ohne die NOx-arme Verbrennungseigenschaft des Brenners zu beeinträchtigen.The invention has for its object to provide a solution that allows x-poor burner with a dense phase conveyance of the fuel to equip a container suitable for firing the furnace of a steam generator NO, without compromising the low NOx combustion performance of the burner.

Bei einem Brenner der eingangs bezeichneten Art wird diese Aufgabe erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, dass das Primärluftrohr konzentrisch im Brennstoffförderrohr angeordnet ist und das Primärluftrohr mündungsaustrittsseitig mit Abstand zu der Mündungsöffnung des Brennstoffförderrohres endet, und dass der zwischen dem Primärluftrohr und dem Brennstoffförderrohr ausgebildete Brennstoffförderraum mit der dem Brenner staubförmigen Brennstoff im Dichtstrom zuführenden Zuleitung verbindbar oder verbunden ist und der Brennstoffförderraum eine Dichtstromförderung des Brennstoffs aufweist.In a burner of the type described above, this object is achieved in that the primary air tube is arranged concentrically in the fuel delivery pipe and the primary air outlet side outlet ends at a distance from the mouth of the fuel delivery tube, and that formed between the primary air tube and the fuel delivery tube fuel delivery chamber with the burner dust-like fuel in the dense stream feeding supply line is connected or connected and the fuel delivery chamber has a dense phase conveying the fuel.

Bei einem Verfahren der eingangs bezeichneten Art wird diese Aufgabe erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, dass der Brennstoff innerhalb des Brenners in einem radial außerhalb einer Primärluftleitung ausgebildeten ringspaltkanalförmigen Brennstoffförderraum gefördert wird sowie dem Brennstoffstrom nach Austritt aus dem Brennstoffförderraum innerhalb des Brennstoffförderrohres der aus der Primärluftleitung austretende Primärluftstrom verdrallt zugemischt wird.In a method of the type described, this object is achieved in that the fuel is conveyed within the burner in a radially outside of a primary air duct formed annular gap channel-shaped fuel delivery and the fuel stream after exiting the fuel delivery within the fuel delivery tube exiting from the primary air line primary air flow mixed becomes.

Durch die Erfindung wird nun eine Lösung geschaffen, mit der es möglich ist, ohne die NOx-arme Verbrennungseigenschaft des Brenners zu beeinträchtigen, dem Brenner staubförmigen Brennstoff in Dichtstromförderung zuzuführen und erst im Brenner mit Verbrennungsluft zu vermischen. Dies wird dadurch erreicht, dass ein Ringspaltkanal ausgebildet und vorgesehen wird, in dem bis kurz vor dem austrittsseitigem Mündungsbereich des Brenners zum Feuerraum hin der staubförmige Brennstoff, insbesondere Trockenbraunkohlenstaub, in dem Brenner längs der Brennerlängsachse gefördert wird. Dieser Ringspaltkanal ist dabei konzentrisch umfangsmäßig um den Primärluftstrom herum angeordnet. Der Primärluftstrom wird nun weiterhin verdrallt, wozu in dem Primärluftstrom an geeigneter Stelle Drallkörper angeordnet und ausgebildet sind, so dass er sich am Ende des ringspaltförmigen Förderkanals mit dem in Dichtstromförderung geförderten Brennstoff vermischt, so dass dadurch am austrittsseitigen Mündungsende des Brenners zum Feuerungsraum hin umfangsmäßig der radial äußere Bereich des Primärluftstromes mit dem Brennstoff gleichmäßig angereichert ist, bzw. sich ausschließlich in diesem Bereich Brennstoff befindet. Mit Hilfe dieser Maßnahme wird also quasi nur in dem äußeren Umfangsbereich des Primärluftstromes Brennstoff in Dichtstromförderung gefördert. Dies beeinträchtigt nicht die NOx-armen Verbrennungseigenschaften des jeweiligen Brenners, im Gegenteil, diese werden dadurch unterstützt, gefördert und optimiert. Mittels der Erfindung ist es möglich, die Verdrallung des Primärluftstromes beizubehalten und den Kohlenstaub- bzw. Kohlenmassestrom gleichmäßig über den Umfang des Primärluftstromes an dessen radialem äußeren Randbereich zu verteilen. Da weiterhin die zur Verdrallung des Primärluftstromes vorgesehenen Drallkörper nicht im Kohlenstaub- oder Kohlenmassestrom angeordnet sind, sind diese auch nicht dem abrasiven Verschleiß der Brennstoffpartikel ausgesetzt, so dass die erfindungsgemäßen Brenner sich auch noch durch einen gegenüber der Förderung von Brennstoff im Primärluftgemisch verminderten Verschleiß auszeichnen.By the invention, a solution is now provided, with which it is possible without affecting the low-NO x combustion characteristics of the burner to supply the burner dusty fuel in dense phase promotion and to mix only in the burner with combustion air. This is achieved in that an annular gap channel is formed and provided in which the pulverized fuel, in particular dry lignite dust, is conveyed in the burner along the longitudinal axis of the burner until just before the outlet-side opening region of the burner. This annular gap channel is concentrically arranged circumferentially around the primary air flow around. The primary air flow is now further twisted, for which swirl body are arranged and formed in the primary air flow at a suitable point, so that it mixes with the conveyed in dense phase promotion fuel at the end of the annular gap-shaped conveying channel, thereby characterized at the outlet end of the burner to Brennungsraum circumferentially the radially outer region of the primary air flow is enriched evenly with the fuel, or is located exclusively in this area fuel. With the help of this measure, so quasi promoted only in the outer peripheral region of the primary air flow fuel in dense phase conveying. This does not affect the low NO x combustion characteristics of the respective burner, on the contrary, they are supported, promoted and optimized. By means of the invention it is possible to maintain the twisting of the primary air flow and to distribute the pulverized coal or carbon mass flow uniformly over the circumference of the primary air flow at its radial outer edge region. Furthermore, since the swirl body provided for twisting the primary air flow is not in the Are arranged coal dust or coal mass flow, they are not exposed to the abrasive wear of the fuel particles, so that the burner according to the invention are also characterized by a relation to the promotion of fuel in the primary air mixture reduced wear.

Um den Primärluftstrom zu verdrallen und die erfindungsgemäß vorgesehene Dichtstromförderung auch bei einem Drallstrom-Brenner anwenden zu können, ist es zweckmäßig, wenn im Innenraum des Primärluftrohres mindestens ein Drallkörper angeordnet ist, was die Erfindung in Weiterbildung vorsieht.In order to be able to twist the primary air flow and to be able to use the dense phase conveying provided according to the invention even in a swirl flow burner, it is expedient if at least one swirl body is arranged in the interior of the primary air pipe, which the invention provides in a further development.

Um den Brenner auch mit einer Ölbrennerlanze oder ähnlichem betreiben zu können, ist es gemäß Weiterbildung der Erfindung von Vorteil, wenn konzentrisch zum Primärluftrohr darin ein Kernluftrohr angeordnet ist. In dem Kernluftrohr kann dann eine Ölbrennerlanze oder ähnliches angeordnet sein, wie dies von üblichen Brennern bekannt ist.In order to operate the burner with an oil burner lance or the like, it is according to the invention advantageous if concentric with the primary air tube therein a core air tube is arranged. In the core air tube can then be arranged an oil burner lance or the like, as is known from conventional burners.

Da die Förderung des partikelförmigen, insbesondere staubförmigen Brennstoffes im Dichtstrom erfolgt, sind für dessen Förderung keine großen Förderquerschnitte wie beispielsweise Ringspaltquerschnitte oder Rohrleitungsquerschnitte notwendig, so dass sich die Erfindung weiterhin dadurch auszeichnet, dass der radiale Abstand zwischen Kernluftrohr und Primärluftrohr größer ist als der radiale Abstand zwischen Primärluftrohr und Brennstoffförderrohr.Since the promotion of the particulate, especially dust-like fuel in the dense stream, no large conveying cross sections such as annular gaps or pipe sections are necessary for its promotion, so that the invention further characterized by the fact that the radial distance between the core air tube and the primary air pipe is greater than the radial distance between primary air pipe and fuel delivery pipe.

Von besonderem Vorteil und besonders zweckmäßig ist es hierbei weiterhin, wenn sich das Kernluftrohr in längsaxialer Richtung über das austrittsseitige Mündungsende des Primärluftrohres hinaus bis in den Bereich der austrittsseitigen Mündungsöffnung des Brennstoffförderrohres erstreckt. Hierdurch wird am mündungsaustrittsseitigen Ende des Brenners zum Feuerraum hin innerhalb des Brenners ein Mischraum ausgebildet, in dem der verdrallte Primärluftstrom und der Dichtstromförderstrom des Brennstoffes miteinander vermischt werden. Insbesondere ist es hierdurch möglich, die Geometrie vorhandener bisheriger Brenner weiter zu verwenden und diese lediglich durch Einführen eines neuen Primärluftrohres für die Verbrennung von im Dichtstrom gefördertem Brennstoff nachzurüsten. Das ursprünglich vorhandene Primärluftrohr wird dann zum Brennstoffförderrohr. An dem mit Brennern versehenen Feuerraum sind ansonsten keine größeren oder aufwendigeren baulichen Maßnahmen vorzusehen.It is of particular advantage and particularly expedient in this case, if the core air tube in longitudinal axial direction extends beyond the outlet-side mouth end of the primary air pipe out into the region of the outlet-side orifice of the fuel conveying pipe. As a result, a mixing space is formed at the outlet end of the burner to the combustion chamber inside the burner, in which the swirled primary air flow and the dense flow of the fuel are mixed together. In particular, this makes it possible to continue to use the geometry of existing previous burner and retrofit this only by introducing a new primary air tube for the combustion of fuel transported in the dense stream. The originally existing primary air pipe then becomes the fuel delivery pipe. At the provided with burners combustion chamber otherwise no larger or more complex structural measures are provided.

Da zur Förderung des Primärluftstromes ein weiterhin relativ großer Öffnungsquerschnitt zur Verfügung steht, ist es möglich, dort mehrere Drallkörper anzuordnen, diese insbesondere dann, wenn ein zentrales koaxiales Kernluftrohr vorhanden ist, auf der Außenmantelfläche des Kernluftrohres anzuordnen. Die Erfindung sieht daher weiterhin vor, dass radial außenseitig im Ringspalt zum Primärluftrohr mehrere Drallkörper vorzugsweise in Form eines Schaufelkranzes umfangsmäßig verteilt auf der Außenfläche des Kernluftrohres angeordnet sind.Since a further relatively large opening cross-section is available for conveying the primary air flow, it is possible to arrange there a plurality of swirl body, this particular, if a central coaxial core air tube is present to arrange on the outer circumferential surface of the core air tube. The invention therefore further provides that a plurality of swirl bodies, preferably distributed in the form of a blade ring, are arranged distributed radially on the outside surface of the core air tube, radially on the outside in the annular gap to the primary air tube.

Von Vorteil ist es weiterhin, wenn der erfindungsgemäße Brenner auch mit einer Ölbrennerzündlanze ausgerüstet ist, weshalb gemäß Ausgestaltung der Erfindung koaxial im Kernluftrohr eine Zündlanze, insbesondere eine Ölbrennerzündlanze, angeordnet ist.It is also advantageous if the burner according to the invention is also equipped with a Ölbrennerzündlanze, which is why according to the embodiment of the invention coaxial in Core air tube is an ignition lance, in particular a Ölbrennerzündlanze arranged.

Da mit der erfindungsgemäßen Ausstattung insbesondere NOx-arme Brenner versehen sein sollen, ist es zweckmäßig, wenn diese zusätzlich auch eine Sekundärluftzufuhr und eine Tertiärluftzufuhr aufweisen. Die Erfindung zeichnet sich daher weiterhin durch eine das Brennstoffförderrohr umgebende Sekundärluftzuführung sowie eine die Sekundärluftzuführung umgebende Tertiärluftzuführung aus.Since it is intended to provide NO x low-pressure burners with the equipment according to the invention, it is expedient if these additionally have a secondary air supply and a tertiary air supply. The invention is therefore further characterized by a secondary air supply surrounding the fuel delivery pipe and a tertiary air supply surrounding the secondary air supply.

In weiterer zweckmäßiger Ausgestaltung ist es insbesondere für NOx-arme Brenner dann auch zweckmäßig, wenn am brennkammermündungsseitigen Ende des Brennstoffförderrohres ein sich radial einwärts erstreckender Stabilisierungsring angeordnet ist.In a further advantageous embodiment, it is also useful, in particular for low-NO x burners, if a radially inwardly extending stabilizing ring is arranged at the combustion chamber mouth-side end of the fuel conveying tube.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren sieht in zweckmäßiger Ausgestaltung zunächst vor, dass die Primärluft dem Brennstoffstrom im Mündungsbereich des Brenners in einem Vermischungsraum vor Austritt in den Feuerraum zugemischt wird. Hierdurch ergibt sich die Möglichkeit, die Geometrie vorhandener Brenner zu nutzen und eine intensive Vermischung von Primärluft und staubförmigem Brennstoff zur NOx-armen Verbrennung zu erzeugen. Schließlich ist es dabei dann noch von besonderem Vorteil, wenn dem Brenner als Primärluft Luft, insbesondere erwärmte Luft, rezirkuliertes Rauchgas oder eine Mischung aus Luft und rezirkuliertem Rauchgas zugeführt wird.In an expedient embodiment, the method according to the invention initially provides that the primary air is admixed with the fuel stream in the mouth region of the burner in a mixing chamber before exiting into the combustion chamber. This provides the opportunity to use the geometry of existing burners and intensive mixing of primary air and dust-like fuel to generate NO x combustion. Finally, it is then of particular advantage if the burner is supplied as the primary air, in particular heated air, recirculated flue gas or a mixture of air and recirculated flue gas.

Die Erfindung ist nachstehend anhand einer Zeichnung beispielhaft näher erläutert. Diese zeigt in der einzigen Figur in schematischer Ansicht ausschnittsweise einen Querschnitt längs der Längsachse des brennkammerseitigen Endes eines in der Wand einer Brennkammer oder eines Feuerraums eines Dampferzeugers insbesondere eines Großkraftwerkes angeordneten NOx-armen Brenners.The invention is explained in more detail below by way of example with reference to a drawing. This shows in the single figure in schematic view a fragmentary one Cross-section along the longitudinal axis of the combustion chamber-side end of a arranged in the wall of a combustion chamber or a combustion chamber of a steam generator, in particular a large power plant low NO x burner.

Der Brenner 1 mündet austrittsseitig in die Brennkammer oder den Feuerraum 2 eines Dampferzeugers und ist in dessen Umfangswand angeordnet. Der Brenner 1 weist eine zentral, längs seiner Längsachse 3 angeordnete Ölbrennerzündlanze 4 auf. Diese ist im Zentrum eines die Ölbrennerzündlanze 4 koaxial umgebenden Kernluftrohrs 5 angeordnet. Die um den Öllanzenzündbrenner 4 an dessen dem Feuerraum 2 zugewandten Ende angeordnete Luftleiteinrichtung 6 endet fluchtend mit dem brenneraustrittseitigen Mündungsende eines Brennstoffförderrohres 7, in welchem dem Brenner durch eine Primärluftleitung 18 zugeführte Primärluft mit durch das Brennstoffförderrohr 7 zugeführtem partikelförmigem Brennstoff vermischt in den Feuerraum 2 austritt. Das Brennstoffförderrohr 7 ist konzentrisch um die Ölbrennerzündlanze 4 sowie das Kernluftrohr 5 angeordnet und bildet zur Außenmantelfläche eines Primärluftrohres 9 und nach dessen Ende zum Feuerraum 2 hin zur Außenmantelfläche des Kernluftrohres 5 jeweils einen ringspaltförmigen Förderquerschnitt aus. An dem brennkammeraustrittsseitigen Ende des Brennstoffförderrohres 7 ist außenseitig eine sich über den gesamten Umfang des Brennstoffförderrohres 7 erstreckende Luftabweiskehle 8 ausgebildet. Auf der Innenseite des Brennstoffförderrohres 7 erstreckt sich in diesem Bereich ein mit Zähnen versehener Stabilisierungsring 14 radial nach innen in den Förderquerschnitt des Brennstoffförderrohres 7 hinein und bildet den Abschluss des Brennstoffförderrohres 7 an dieser Stelle. Das Kernluftrohr 5 endet brennerinnenseitig mit einem Abstand zu dem brennkammeraustrittseitigen Mündungsende des Brennstoffförderrohres 7 im Bereich der Luftleiteinrichtung 6.The burner 1 discharges on the outlet side into the combustion chamber or the combustion chamber 2 of a steam generator and is arranged in its peripheral wall. The burner 1 has a central, arranged along its longitudinal axis 3 Ölbrennerzündlanze 4. This is arranged in the center of a Ölbrennerzündlanze 4 coaxially surrounding core air tube 5. The arranged around the Öllanzenzündbrenner 4 at its end facing the combustion chamber 2 end 6 finishes flush with the brenneraustrittseitigen muzzle end of a fuel delivery pipe 7, in which the burner through a primary air line 18 supplied primary air mixed with fed by the fuel delivery pipe 7 particulate fuel in the combustion chamber 2 exits. The fuel delivery pipe 7 is arranged concentrically around the Ölbrennerzündlanze 4 and the core air tube 5 and forms the outer circumferential surface of a primary air pipe 9 and after the end to the combustion chamber 2 toward the outer surface of the core air tube 5 each have an annular gap-shaped conveying cross section. At the combustion chamber outlet end of the fuel delivery pipe 7, an air deflector throat 8 extending over the entire circumference of the fuel delivery pipe 7 is formed on the outside. On the inside of the fuel delivery pipe 7, a stabilizing ring 14 provided with teeth extends radially inwards into the delivery cross section of the fuel delivery pipe 7 and forms the end of the fuel delivery pipe 7 at this location. The Core air tube 5 ends burner inside with a distance to the combustion chamber outlet side muzzle end of the fuel conveying tube 7 in the region of the louver 6.

In dem zwischen Kernluftrohr 5 und Brennstoffförderrohr 7 ausgebildeten ringspaltförmigen Förderquerschnitt ist koaxial zu dem Kernluftrohr 5 und dem Brennstoffförderrohr 7 das Primärluftrohr 9 angeordnet, so dass ein Brennstoffförderraum 13 mit ringspaltförmigem Förderquerschnitt ausgebildet ist. Das dem Feuerraum 2 zugewandte Mündungsende des Primärluftrohres 9 endet mit Abstand von den brenneraustrittsseitigen Mündungsenden sowohl des Kernluftrohres 5 als auch des Brennstoffförderohres 7, so dass brennerinnenseitig ein Vermischungsquerschnitt oder Vermischungsraum 10 ausgebildet ist. Das mündungsseitige Ende des Primärluftrohres 9 befindet sich in etwa im Bereich der Anordnung von bei NOx-armen Brennern üblicherweise im Primärluftstrom vorgesehenen Drallkörpern 15. Im Ausführungsbeispiel erstreckt sich das Primärluftrohr 9 soweit in den Brenner 1 hinein, dass sein mündungsseitiges Ende im Positionierungsbereich von verstellbaren Drallkörpern 11, 12 angeordnet sind, die sich in einer Sekundärluftzuführung 19 und einer Tertiärluftzuführung 20 befinden. Das Primärluftrohr 9 ist weiterhin derart relativ zum Kernluftrohr 5 und Brennstoffförderrohr 7 angeordnet, dass sein radialer Abstand zum Kernluftrohr 5 größer ist als zum Brennstoffförderrohr 7. Zwischen der Außenseite des Primärluftrohres 9 und der Innenseite des Brennstoffförderrohres 7 wird somit der ringspaltförmige Brennstoffförderraum 13 ausgebildet. Dieser kreisringförmige Brennstoffförderraum 13 ist mit einer nicht dargestellten Zuführleitung verbunden oder verbindbar, mit welcher Brennstoff pneumatisch in Dichtstromförderung dem Brenner 1 zugeführt und dann auch in dem Brennstoffförderraum 13 pneumatisch im Dichtstrom gefördert wird. Bei dem Brennstoff handelt es sich um partikelförmigen Brennstoff, insbesondere Kohlenstaub, vorzugsweise staubförmige Trockenbraunkohle. Die Dichtstromförderung erfolgt mit einer Beladung von 20-90 kg Staub/kg Fördergas und einer Fördergeschwindigkeit von 3 bis 20 m/s bei Drücken <10 bar. Der radiale Abstand zwischen der Außenseite des Primärluftrohres 9 und der Innenseite des Brennstoffförderrohres 7 und damit die Spalthöhe des Brennstoffförderquerschnitts oder Brennstoffförderraumes 13 kann in etwa so groß sein wie die Länge, mit der sich die Zähne des Stabilisierungsringes 14 radial einwärts in Richtung auf die Brennerachse 3 erstrecken.In the annular gap-shaped conveying cross-section formed between the core air tube 5 and the fuel delivery tube 7, the primary air tube 9 is arranged coaxially with the core air tube 5 and the fuel delivery tube 7, so that a fuel delivery chamber 13 with an annular cross-section is formed. The combustion chamber 2 facing the mouth end of the primary air pipe 9 terminates at a distance from the burner outlet side mouth ends of both the core air tube 5 and the fuel delivery pipe 7, so that the burner inside a mixing cross-section or mixing chamber 10 is formed. The mouth-side end of the primary air tube 9 is located approximately in the region of the arrangement of low NO x burners usually provided in the primary air flow swirlers 15. In the exemplary embodiment, the primary air pipe 9 extends far into the burner 1 in that its mouth-side end in the positioning range of adjustable Swirl bodies 11, 12 are arranged, which are located in a secondary air supply 19 and a tertiary air supply 20. The primary air pipe 9 is further arranged relative to the core air pipe 5 and fuel delivery pipe 7 so that its radial distance to the core air tube 5 is greater than the fuel delivery pipe 7. Between the outside of the primary air pipe 9 and the inside of the fuel delivery pipe 7 thus the annular gap-shaped fuel delivery chamber 13 is formed. This annular fuel delivery chamber 13 is provided with a not shown supply line connected or connectable, with which fuel pneumatically fed in dense phase conveying the burner 1 and then also in the fuel delivery chamber 13 is pneumatically conveyed in the dense stream. The fuel is particulate fuel, in particular pulverized coal, preferably pulverulent dry lignite. The dense phase conveying takes place with a load of 20-90 kg of dust / kg conveying gas and a conveying speed of 3 to 20 m / s at pressures <10 bar. The radial distance between the outside of the primary air tube 9 and the inside of the fuel delivery tube 7 and thus the gap height of the fuel delivery or fuel delivery 13 may be approximately as long as the length of the teeth of the stabilizing ring 14 radially inwardly toward the burner axis. 3 extend.

Durch den zwischen der Innenseite des Primärluftrohres 9 und der Außenseite des Kernluftrohres 5 gebildeten ringspaltförmigen Förderquerschnitt wird dem Brenner 1 zugeführte Primärluft gefördert. Bei der Primärluft kann es sich um Luft, insbesondere vorgewärmte Luft, aber auch um rezirkuliertes Rauchgas oder eine Mischung aus rezirkuliertem Rauchgas und Luft handeln. Die durch die Primärluftleitung 18 mit kreisspaltförmigem Förderquerschnitt geförderte Primärluft wird beim Austritt mittels zwischen Kernluftrohr 5 und Primärluftrohr 9 am austrittsseitigen Ende innenseitig am Primärluftrohr 9 angeordneter, verstellbarer Drallkörper 15 in eine verdrallte Strömung versetzt. Die Drallkörper 15 sind in Form eines Schaufelkranzes aus gleichmäßig verteilt am Außenumfang des Kernluftrohres 5 angeordneten Leitschaufeln ausgebildet.By formed between the inside of the primary air tube 9 and the outside of the core air tube 5 annular gap-shaped conveyor cross-section of the burner 1 supplied primary air is promoted. The primary air may be air, in particular preheated air, but also recirculated flue gas or a mixture of recirculated flue gas and air. The primary air conveyed through the primary air duct 18 with a circular gap-shaped conveying cross-section is set into a twisted flow when emerging by means of an adjustable swirl body 15 arranged on the inside end on the primary air pipe 9 between the core air pipe 5 and the primary air pipe 9. The swirl body 15 are in the form of a blade ring evenly distributed on Outer circumference of the core air tube 5 arranged guide vanes formed.

Weiterhin weist der Brenner 1 wie von üblichen Brennern her bekannt, außenseitig koaxial um das Brennstoffförderohr 7 angeordnet ein Sekundärluftrohr 16 und darum wiederum koaxial außenseitig mit Abstand angeordnet ein Tertiärluftrohr 17 auf. Durch das Sekundärluftrohr 16 wird dem Feuerraum 2 Sekundärluft zugeführt und durch das Tertiärluftrohr 17 wird dem Feuerraum 2 Tertiärluft zugeführt, wie dies von bekannten Brennern zur Erzeugung einer mehrstufigen NOx-armen Verbrennung bekannt ist.Furthermore, the burner 1 as known from conventional burners ago, outside coaxially disposed around the fuel delivery pipe 7, a secondary air pipe 16 and therefore in turn coaxially on the outside with spaced a tertiary air pipe 17 on. Through the secondary air pipe 16 2 secondary air, the combustion chamber is supplied through the tertiary air pipe 17 2 tertiary air is supplied to the combustion chamber as x-poor of known burners for generating a multi-stage combustion NO is known.

Zur Steuerung einer etwa gewünschten Verdrallung sowohl der Primärluft als auch der Sekundärluft in der Sekundärluftzuführung und der Tertiärluft in der Tertiärluftzuführung ist vorgesehen, dass die jeweiligen darin angeordneten Drallkörper 15, 11 und 12 verstellbar ausgebildet sind. Es ist aber auch möglich, die Drallkörper 15, 11 und/oder 12 jeweils unverstellbar auszubilden.In order to control an approximately desired twisting of both the primary air and the secondary air in the secondary air feed and the tertiary air in the tertiary air feed, it is provided that the respective swirl bodies 15, 11 and 12 arranged therein are adjustable. But it is also possible to form the swirler 15, 11 and / or 12 respectively immovable.

Beim Betrieb des erfindungsgemäßen Brenners 1 wird durch den Brennstoffförderraum 13 Kohlenstaub pneumatisch in Dichtstromförderung längs der Brennerachse 3 innerhalb des Brenners 1 gefördert. Dieser Brennstoffförderraum 13 befindet sich radial außerhalb der durch den Innenraum des Primärluftrohres 9 und die Außenmantelfläche des Kernluftrohres 5 gebildeten Primärluftleitung 18, durch die Primärluft gefördert wird. Die zugeführte Primärluft wird am Austrittsbereich der Primärluftleitung 18 bzw. des Primärluftförderquerschnittes mittels Drallkörper 15 verdrallt und mischt sich mit dem den Brennstoffförderraum 13 verlassenden Dichtstrom aus Brennstoff. In dem in diesem Bereich des Brenners 1 ausgebildeten Vermischungsquerschnitt oder Vermischungsraum 10 erfolgt eine Durchmischung der beiden Komponenten Primärluft und Brennstoff unter Ausbildung einer Anreicherung des radialen äußeren Bereiches des sich bildenden Luftstromes mit Brennstoff, so dass das Kohlematerial in den Bereich der Zähne des Stabilisierungsringes 14 gefördert wird und dann in den Feuerungsraum 2 austritt. Der auf diese Weise mit Kohlepartikeln beladene Primärluftstrom verlässt den Brenner 1 mit einer Fördergeschwindigkeit von ca. 15-25 m/s, vorzugsweise 18-20 m/s.During operation of the burner 1 according to the invention, pulverized coal is conveyed pneumatically in dense phase conveying along the burner axis 3 within the burner 1 by the fuel delivery chamber 13. This fuel delivery chamber 13 is located radially outside of the primary air line 18 formed by the interior of the primary air tube 9 and the outer circumferential surface of the core air tube 5, is conveyed by the primary air. The supplied primary air is swirled at the outlet region of the primary air line 18 and the primary air flow cross-section by means of swirl body 15 and mixes with the fuel flow chamber 13 leaving dense stream of fuel. In that in this A mixing of the two components primary air and fuel is carried out to form an enrichment of the radial outer region of the forming air stream with fuel, so that the carbon material is conveyed into the region of the teeth of the stabilizing ring 14 and then in the firebox 2 exits. The primary air stream loaded in this way with carbon particles leaves the burner 1 at a conveying speed of about 15-25 m / s, preferably 18-20 m / s.

Mit der erfindungsgemäßen Brennerkonstruktion ist es somit möglich, Brennstoff in pneumatischer Dichtstromförderung bis in den unmittelbaren Austrittsbereich eines Brenners 1 zu fördern und erst dort mit Primärluft zu vermischen. Es werden nur die für die Dichtstromförderung benötigten kleineren Querschnitte notwendigerweise zur Verfügung gestellt. Außerdem sind die eine Verdrallung der Primärluft bewirkenden Drallkörper 15 nicht dem Kohlenstaubstrom ausgesetzt, so dass diese nicht der Verschleißbelastung durch Kohlestaubpartikel unterliegen.With the burner construction according to the invention, it is thus possible to promote fuel in pneumatic dense phase conveying up to the immediate outlet region of a burner 1 and only there to mix with primary air. Only the smaller cross sections required for dense phase conveying are necessarily made available. In addition, the twisting of the primary air causing swirler 15 are not exposed to the coal dust flow, so that they are not subject to the wear of coal dust particles.

Auch wenn die vorstehende Ausführungsform eine Konstruktion mit einem zentral angeordneten Zündbrenner darstellt, so ist es aber auch möglich, Brenner vorzusehen, die ohne Kernluftzuführung und Zündbrenner konstruiert sind. Die notwendigen geometrischen Verhältnisse ergeben sich dann je nach Brennerkonstruktion. Erfindungsgemäß wichtig ist dabei lediglich, dass in Bezug auf die Brennerlängsachse zentral innenseitig in einem Primärluftrohr Primärluft gefördert wird und dann verdrallt einem radial außerhalb des Primärluftstromes im Dichtstrom geförderten Brennstoffstrom zugemischt wird.Although the above embodiment is a construction with a centrally located pilot burner, it is also possible to provide burners constructed without core air supply and pilot burners. The necessary geometric conditions then arise depending on the burner design. According to the invention, it is only important that, with respect to the longitudinal axis of the burner, primary air is conveyed centrally on the inside in a primary air tube, and then it is twisted radially outward Primary air flow is added in the dense stream funded fuel stream.

Claims (13)

  1. Burner, in particular a coal dust burner (1), comprising a fuel conveying pipe (7) and a primary air pipe (9), the interior of the primary air pipe (9) being connected or connectable to a primary air feed line (18) and the burner (1) being connected or connectable to a feed line conveying pulverulent fuel in the dense phase, characterised in that the primary air pipe is arranged concentrically in the fuel conveying pipe and the mouth on the discharge side of the primary air pipe (9) terminates at a distance from the mouth of the fuel conveying pipe (7), and in that the fuel conveying space (13) which is formed between the primary air pipe (9) and the fuel conveying pipe (7) is connectable or connected to the feed line feeding pulverulent fuel in the dense phase to the burner (1) and the fuel conveying space (13) comprises a dense phase conveyance of the fuel.
  2. Burner according to claim 1, characterised in that at least one swirler (15) is arranged inside the primary air pipe (9).
  3. Burner according to either claim 1 or claim 2, characterised in that a core air pipe (5) is arranged concentrically within the primary air pipe (9).
  4. Burner according to claim 3, characterised in that the radial distance between the core air pipe (5) and the primary air pipe (9) is greater than the radial distance between the primary air pipe (9) and the fuel conveying pipe (7).
  5. Burner according to either claim 3 or claim 4, characterised in that the core air pipe (5) extends in a longitudinal axial direction beyond the mouth on the discharge side of the primary air pipe (9) into the region of the mouth on the discharge side of the fuel conveying pipe (7).
  6. Burner according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterised in that a plurality of swirlers (15), preferably in the form of a vane ring, are circumferentially distributed over the outer surface of the core air pipe (5), radially on the outer face in the annular gap from the primary air pipe (9).
  7. Burner according to any one of claims 3 to 6, characterised in that an ignition lance, in particular an oil burner ignition lance (4), is arranged coaxially in the core air pipe (5).
  8. Burner according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised by a secondary air feed (19) surrounding the fuel conveying pipe (7).
  9. Burner according to claim 8, characterised by a tertiary air feed (20) surrounding the secondary air feed (19).
  10. Burner according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that a stabilising ring (14) extending radially inwards is arranged at the end of the fuel conveying pipe (7) on the combustion chamber mouth side.
  11. Method for burning particulate fuel, in particular coal dust and preferably dry lignite, in a burner (1) comprising a primary air pipe (9) and a fuel conveying pipe (7), the fuel being fed to the burner (1) in dense phase conveyance and being conveyed, in dense phase conveyance, inside the burner (1) along the longitudinal axis of the burner (3), and being mixed with combustion air, characterised in that the fuel is fed inside the burner (1) in an annular-passage-like fuel conveying space (13) formed radially outside a primary air line (18), and the primary air stream, which issues from the primary air line (18), is mixed in a swirled state with the fuel stream after discharge from the fuel conveying space (13) inside the fuel conveying pipe (7).
  12. Method according to claim 11, characterised in that the primary air is added to the fuel stream in the mouth region of the burner (1) in a mixing space (10) before discharge into the furnace (2).
  13. Method according to either claim 11 or claim 12, characterised in that air, in particular heated air, recirculated flue gas or a mixture of air and recirculated flue gas, is fed to the burner (1) as primary air
EP08158605A 2007-06-28 2008-06-19 Coal dust burner for igniting fuel fed into thick flow supplies Not-in-force EP2009351B1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL08158605T PL2009351T3 (en) 2007-06-28 2008-06-19 Coal dust burner for igniting fuel fed into thick flow supplies
SI200830490T SI2009351T1 (en) 2007-06-28 2008-06-19 Coal dust burner for igniting fuel fed into thick flow supplies

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102007030269.1A DE102007030269B4 (en) 2007-06-28 2007-06-28 Pulverized coal burner for burning fuel supplied in dense phase conveying

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2009351A2 EP2009351A2 (en) 2008-12-31
EP2009351A3 EP2009351A3 (en) 2009-11-04
EP2009351B1 true EP2009351B1 (en) 2011-09-21

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EP08158605A Not-in-force EP2009351B1 (en) 2007-06-28 2008-06-19 Coal dust burner for igniting fuel fed into thick flow supplies

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US (1) US20090000532A1 (en)
EP (1) EP2009351B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2009024991A (en)
CN (1) CN101334166A (en)
AT (1) ATE525615T1 (en)
AU (1) AU2008202470B2 (en)
CA (1) CA2632412A1 (en)
DE (1) DE102007030269B4 (en)
PL (1) PL2009351T3 (en)
RU (1) RU2008123264A (en)
SI (1) SI2009351T1 (en)
ZA (1) ZA200805541B (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2632412A1 (en) 2008-12-28
DE102007030269A1 (en) 2009-01-02
DE102007030269B4 (en) 2014-07-17
SI2009351T1 (en) 2012-01-31
ZA200805541B (en) 2009-12-30
JP2009024991A (en) 2009-02-05
EP2009351A2 (en) 2008-12-31
CN101334166A (en) 2008-12-31
US20090000532A1 (en) 2009-01-01
PL2009351T3 (en) 2012-02-29
EP2009351A3 (en) 2009-11-04
RU2008123264A (en) 2009-12-27
AU2008202470A1 (en) 2009-01-15
ATE525615T1 (en) 2011-10-15
AU2008202470B2 (en) 2010-10-28

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