EP2005446B1 - Surge arrester comprising an optical fault indicator - Google Patents

Surge arrester comprising an optical fault indicator Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2005446B1
EP2005446B1 EP07715994A EP07715994A EP2005446B1 EP 2005446 B1 EP2005446 B1 EP 2005446B1 EP 07715994 A EP07715994 A EP 07715994A EP 07715994 A EP07715994 A EP 07715994A EP 2005446 B1 EP2005446 B1 EP 2005446B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
surge arrester
fault indicator
arrester according
wax
indicator
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP07715994A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2005446A1 (en
Inventor
Przemyslaw Burzynski
Jan Czyzewski
Przemyslaw Balcerek
Wojciech Piasecki
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ABB Research Ltd Sweden
Original Assignee
ABB Sp zoo
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ABB Sp zoo filed Critical ABB Sp zoo
Priority to PL07715994T priority Critical patent/PL2005446T3/en
Publication of EP2005446A1 publication Critical patent/EP2005446A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2005446B1 publication Critical patent/EP2005446B1/en
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01C—RESISTORS
    • H01C7/00—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material
    • H01C7/10—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material voltage responsive, i.e. varistors
    • H01C7/12—Overvoltage protection resistors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01C—RESISTORS
    • H01C7/00—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material
    • H01C7/10—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material voltage responsive, i.e. varistors
    • H01C7/102—Varistor boundary, e.g. surface layers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01C—RESISTORS
    • H01C7/00—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material
    • H01C7/10—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material voltage responsive, i.e. varistors
    • H01C7/105—Varistor cores
    • H01C7/108—Metal oxide

Definitions

  • a similar design of a surge arrester is known from USA patent description No. 5237482 .
  • Fig. 1 shows a side section of an embodiment of the surge arrester with the fault indicator in the form of a single-layer disk
  • fig. 2 an embodiment of the surge arrester with the fault indicator in the form of a two-layer disk, in a side, section
  • Fig. 3 shows a surge arrester which is not in accordance with the invention, with the fault indicator located on the surface of the insulating casing, in a side section.

Abstract

The subject of the invention is a surge arrester, and especially a low- voltage surge arrester. The surge arrester is applicable in protecting AC and DC low-voltage networks against multiple lightning surges and switching overvoltage. The surge arrester is characterized in that it contains at least one oxide varistor (1) housed in an insulating casing (4), connection terminals (2) and (3) and a visual fault indicator (6) which is made of material that changes its state of aggregation at a temperature exceeding that defined as a safe operating temperature of the surge arrester.

Description

  • The subject of the invention is a surge arrester comprising an optical fault indicator, and especially a low-voltage surge arrester. The surge arrester is applicable in protecting AC and DC low-voltage networks against multiple lightning surges and switching overvoltage.
  • The low-voltage surge arrester LOVOS made by ABB consists of an insulating casing housing an oxide-type varistor whose flat face surfaces touch metal terminals. One of the terminals, called earthing terminal, is used for earthing the surge arrester, and the second terminal is used for connecting network leads. The varistor and the tips of the terminals that touch it are enveloped in a polymer material which forms the insulating casing. In the part of the casing around the earthing terminal there is a cavity where the surge arrester data plate is placed. An indicator of the disconnector actuation can be also located there. Such indicator is made of a spring which is fixed in a tensioned state inside the cavity, and a disk connected with it. When the disconnector is actuated, the disk with the data plate is pushed outside the arrester by the force of the released spring.
  • A similar design of a surge arrester is known from USA patent description No. 5237482 .
  • A device signalling failure in a surge arrester used for protecting medium and high voltage networks against overvoltage is known from European patent description No. EP 0521805 . That signalling device consists of two electrodes which are the surge arrester terminals which are connected in series with a varistor and in parallel with a resistor. The varistor, the tips of the electrodes and the resistor are housed in an insulating casing. On the outside of the insulating casing there is a clamping ring which is secured by an element which melts when the temperature of the resistor increases and releases the ends of the clamping ring. The clamping ring without the securing element slides off the casing and its visible absence indicates damage to the surge arrester.
  • The described indicators contain elastic construction elements which are used to visually determine the condition of the surge arrester. A suitable location of these elements permits a quick assessment of the device condition.
  • A surge arrester fitted with an indicator for indicating fault current is known from European patent description No. EP 0915544 . This indicator is a separated part of the external insulating casing, which heats up during the flow of fault current and can be easily identified by observation from outside. This part, defined as an information carrier, contains thermal paint which is applied on the outside surface of at least one part of the insulating casing. The thermal paint changes its colour above a certain threshold temperature. For example, Co(NH3)8 changes its colour from yellow to blue at a temperature of 200°C. A change of the indicator colour allows a quick indication of the damaged surge arrester by a person inspecting it from outside.
  • In the course of operation it happens that a surge arrester gets partly damaged, which results in a gradual increase In the leakage current. Such condition causes that the arrester warms up and the condition of the varistor degrades gradually. Use of a thermal indicator which can be activated at a temperature of only 100°C allows both the indication of a completely damaged surge arrester and the demonstration of an initial (growing) fault condition where this process develops slowly.
  • The essential quality of the inventive surge arrester according to claim 1 comprising an optical fault indicator, containing at least one oxide varistor placed in an insulating casing and connection terminals of which one is an earthing terminal and the other terminal is used for connecting network leads and fitted with a visual fault indicator, whereby the fault indicator is an element made of a material that changes its state of aggregation when its temperature exceeds the temperature defined as a safe operating temperature of the surge arrester. The visible effect of such change of the state of aggregation is the indication of damage to the surge arrester. The fault indicator is placed in a hole located in the insulating casing around one of the connecting terminals.
  • Preferable the fault indicator has the shape of a disc fitting the hole in the insulating casing.
  • Preferable the fault indicator is made of thermoplastic polymer.
  • Preferable the fault indicator is made of wax.
  • Preferable the fault indicator is made of polypropylene wax.
  • Preferable the fault indicator is made of polyethylene wax.
  • Preferable the fault indicator is made of a wax mixture whose melting point is between 100°C and 160°C.
  • Preferable the fault indicator is made of micronized wax.
  • Preferable the fault indicator is made of coloured wax.
  • Preferable the fault indicator consists of two interconnected layers - the inner layer connected with the plate of the earthing terminal and the outer layer.
  • Preferable a surge arrester according to claim 10, characterized in that both layers differ in their chemical composition.
  • Preferable the inner layer contains a dye.
  • The advantage of the temperature indicator is easy identification of a defective surge arrester. Compared to mechanical designs, the construction of the indicator is very simple. Also the installation of the indicator into any type of surge arrester is simple, especially by means of micronized wax. By appropriately changing the chemical composition of the material it Is easy to adapt the indicator to a broad range of temperatures (100-160°C), thus applying it to surge arresters of different voltage and current operating ranges.
  • Embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings: Fig. 1 shows a side section of an embodiment of the surge arrester with the fault indicator in the form of a single-layer disk, and fig. 2 an embodiment of the surge arrester with the fault indicator in the form of a two-layer disk, in a side, section. Fig. 3 shows a surge arrester which is not in accordance with the invention, with the fault indicator located on the surface of the insulating casing, in a side section.
  • An oxide varistor element 1 together with the ends of connection terminals 2 and 3 is placed tightly in an insulating casing 4. One of the connection terminals is the earthing terminal 2, and the other terminal 3 is used for connecting network leads. The insulating casing 4 is made as a casting of a polymer material and it has the shape of a cylinder inside which there is a cylindrical hole 5 through which passes the axis of the earthing terminal 2 of the surge arrester. In the inside diameter of the hole 5 there is a temperature fault indicator 6. The hole 5 can be made in another place of the insulating casing 4, which is not shown in the drawing, however, it should be located in direct proximity of the varistor element 1 and its outline can take any shape. The fault indicator 6 sticks to the plate of the earthing terminal 2. The indicator has the shape of a disk fitting to a cavity in the casing 4. In another embodiment of the invention the fault indicator 6 can be also placed on the surface of the insulating casing 4, in a place in direct proximity to the varistor element 1.
  • The fault indicator 6 is an element made of a material that changes its state of aggregation above a temperature defined as a safe operating temperature of the surge arrester. For a low-voltage surge arrester, this temperature is 100 - 160° C, and the fault indicator is made of polypropylene or polyethylene wax or a mixture of both. Preferably the wax material of which the indicator is made has the structure of micronized wax. In other embodiments of the invention a dye is added to wax to facilitate observation of wax outflow after it has melted as a result of the actuation of the temperature indicator.
  • In still another embodiment of the invention the indicator 6 consists of two layers of wax material, the inner layer 7 sticking to the plate of the earthing terminal 2 and the outer layer 8 being connected with the layer 7. Both layers differ in their chemical composition. The inner layer 7 contains an admixture of a dye.
  • The operation of the fault indicator is such that it melts completely or partly under the influence of increased temperature of the surge arrester caused by a fault current. The absence of the indicator 6 on the surface of the plate of the earthing terminal 2 indicates a fault in the surge arrester and it is can be easily noticed by an inspecting person. Similarly, a remnant of only a fragment of not melted-out indicator permits a correct inspection.

Claims (12)

  1. A surge arrester comprising an optical fault indicator, containing at least one oxide varistor (1) placed in an insulating casing (4) and connection terminals (2,3) of which one is an earthing terminal (2) and the other terminal (3) is adapted for connecting network leads, whereby one of the connection terminals (2,3) is fitted with a visual fault indicator (6), characterized in that the fault indicator (6) is an element made of a material that changes its state of aggregation when its temperature exceeds the temperature defined as a safe operating temperature of the surge arrester, and the visible effect of such change of the state of aggregation is the indication of damage to the surge arrester and the fault indicator (6) is placed in a hole (5) located in the insulating casing (4) around one of the connecting terminals (2,3).
  2. A surge arrester according to claim 1, characterized in that the fault indicator (6) has the shape of a disc fitting the hole (5) in the insulating casing (4).
  3. A surge arrester according to claim 1, characterized in that the fault indicator (6) is made of thermoplastic polymer.
  4. A surge arrester according to claim 1, characterized in that the fault indicator (6) is made of wax.
  5. A surge arrester according to claim 4, characterized in that the fault indicator (6) is made of polypropylene wax.
  6. A surge arrester according to claim 4, characterized in that the fault indicator (6) is made of polyethylene wax.
  7. A surge arrester according to claim 4, characterized in that the fault indicator (6) is made of a wax mixture whose melting point is between 100°C and 160°C.
  8. A surge arrester according to claim 4, characterized in that the fault indicator (6) is made of micronized wax.
  9. A surge arrester according to claim 4, characterized in that the fault indicator (6) is made of coloured wax.
  10. A surge arrester according to claim 1, characterized in that the fault indicator (6) consists of two interconnected layers - the inner layer (7) connected with the plate of the earthing terminal (2) and the outer layer (8).
  11. A surge arrester according to claim 10, characterized in that both layers differ in their chemical composition.
  12. A surge arrester according to claim 10, characterized In that the inner layer (7) contains a dye.
EP07715994A 2006-04-12 2007-03-09 Surge arrester comprising an optical fault indicator Not-in-force EP2005446B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL07715994T PL2005446T3 (en) 2006-04-12 2007-03-09 Surge arrester comprising an optical fault indicator

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL379449A PL206744B1 (en) 2006-04-12 2006-04-12 Overvoltage limiter
PCT/PL2007/000011 WO2007117163A1 (en) 2006-04-12 2007-03-09 Surge arrester comprising an optical fault indicator

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2005446A1 EP2005446A1 (en) 2008-12-24
EP2005446B1 true EP2005446B1 (en) 2009-06-10

Family

ID=38046847

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP07715994A Not-in-force EP2005446B1 (en) 2006-04-12 2007-03-09 Surge arrester comprising an optical fault indicator

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2005446B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE433598T1 (en)
DE (1) DE602007001277D1 (en)
PL (2) PL206744B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2007117163A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8743525B2 (en) 2012-06-19 2014-06-03 Raycap Intellectual Property, Ltd Overvoltage protection devices including wafer of varistor material
US9906017B2 (en) 2014-06-03 2018-02-27 Ripd Research And Ip Development Ltd. Modular overvoltage protection units
CN105606254A (en) * 2015-12-31 2016-05-25 天津鑫源达泰建筑工程有限公司 Checking device for surge protection device
US10319545B2 (en) 2016-11-30 2019-06-11 Iskra Za{hacek over (s)}{hacek over (c)}ite d.o.o. Surge protective device modules and DIN rail device systems including same
US10447026B2 (en) 2016-12-23 2019-10-15 Ripd Ip Development Ltd Devices for active overvoltage protection
US10707678B2 (en) 2016-12-23 2020-07-07 Ripd Research And Ip Development Ltd. Overvoltage protection device including multiple varistor wafers
US10340110B2 (en) 2017-05-12 2019-07-02 Raycap IP Development Ltd Surge protective device modules including integral thermal disconnect mechanisms and methods including same
US10685767B2 (en) 2017-09-14 2020-06-16 Raycap IP Development Ltd Surge protective device modules and systems including same
US11223200B2 (en) 2018-07-26 2022-01-11 Ripd Ip Development Ltd Surge protective devices, circuits, modules and systems including same
US11862967B2 (en) 2021-09-13 2024-01-02 Raycap, S.A. Surge protective device assembly modules
US11723145B2 (en) 2021-09-20 2023-08-08 Raycap IP Development Ltd PCB-mountable surge protective device modules and SPD circuit systems and methods including same

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB9110741D0 (en) * 1991-05-13 1991-07-10 Pearse David A Overheating monitor
DE19749522A1 (en) * 1997-11-08 1999-05-12 Asea Brown Boveri Electrical apparatus, in particular surge arrester, with a device for displaying a fault current
EP1150307B1 (en) * 2000-04-26 2008-10-22 Littelfuse Ireland Development Company Limited A thermally protected metal oxide varistor
US6564742B2 (en) * 2001-08-03 2003-05-20 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, Llp Over-temperature warning device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2005446A1 (en) 2008-12-24
PL379449A1 (en) 2007-10-15
WO2007117163A1 (en) 2007-10-18
ATE433598T1 (en) 2009-06-15
PL2005446T3 (en) 2009-09-30
PL206744B1 (en) 2010-09-30
DE602007001277D1 (en) 2009-07-23

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