EP2005396B1 - Device for counting and determining the direction of passage of living beings - Google Patents

Device for counting and determining the direction of passage of living beings Download PDF

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EP2005396B1
EP2005396B1 EP07711992.3A EP07711992A EP2005396B1 EP 2005396 B1 EP2005396 B1 EP 2005396B1 EP 07711992 A EP07711992 A EP 07711992A EP 2005396 B1 EP2005396 B1 EP 2005396B1
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passage
living
cell
type
detection window
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EP2005396A1 (en
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Jean-Claude Dubois
Christophe Milon
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  • the present invention relates to a device for counting and determining the direction of passage of living beings. It finds its application in the field of counting and determining the direction of passage of people on roads or in buildings. But it can also apply to counting and determining the direction of passage of animals on the paths.
  • the Fig. 1 represents a device for determining the direction of passage 100 of a living being 114 of the state of the art, which comprises a pyroelectric cell 102 and a processing unit (not shown).
  • the pyroelectric cell 102 is of the type comprising a first detection window 104 and a second detection window 106 arranged, horizontally, next to each other.
  • the pyroelectric cell 102 and, in particular, the first detection window 104 and the second detection window 106 are sensitive to infrared radiation, and the pyroelectric cell 102 delivers an electrical signal 200 representative of the passage of the living being 114 in front of the windows. 104 and 106.
  • the electrical signal 200 is shown in FIG. Fig. 2a .
  • the processing unit is connected to the pyroelectric cell 102 and receives the electrical signal 200 thus delivered, and, from the analysis of this electrical signal 200, it determines the direction of passage of the living being 114 in front of the determination device the direction of passage 100.
  • the parallelepipeds 110 and 112 of the Fig. 1 represent the zones of influence of the detection windows 104 and 106. That is to say that infrared radiation emitted inside the first zone of influence 110 is perceived by the first detection window 104, and an infrared radiation emitted inside the second influence zone 112 is perceived by the second detection window 106.
  • the arrow 116 represents the direction of passage of the living being 114.
  • the electrical signal 200 represents the electrical signal delivered by the pyroelectric cell 102 during the passage of the living being 114 in front of the pyroelectric cell 102.
  • the arrow 210a represents the direction of passage of the living being 114. In the example of the Fig. 2a , the arrow 210a takes again the direction of the arrow 116 of the Fig. 1 .
  • the maximum 202 represents the detection by the first detection window 104 of the passage of the living being 114 and the minimum 204 represents the detection by the second detection window 106 of the passage of the living being 114.
  • the secondary minimum 206 and the secondary maximum 208 are representative of the damping of the signal and depend on the elements constituting the pyroelectric cell 102 and the processing unit.
  • the electrical signal 200 is inverted, that is to say that the signal first passes through the minimum 204 representative of the passage of the be alive 114 in front of the second detection window 106, then by a maximum 202 representative of the passage of the living being 114 in front of the first detection window 104.
  • Such an electrical signal is represented in FIG. Fig. 2b .
  • the direction of passage of the living being 114 is then represented by the arrow 210b.
  • the determination of the direction of passage of the living being 114 in front of the device for determining the direction of passage 100 thus seems to be able to be done by analysis of the electrical signal 200. In fact, this determination is accurate only if the temperature of the living being 114 is greater than that of the device for determining the direction of passage 100.
  • such a device for determining the direction of passage 100 does not make it possible to count the number of living beings 114 passing in front of it.
  • An object of the present invention is therefore to propose a device for counting and determining the direction of passage of living beings which does not have the drawbacks of the state of the art, by allowing counting of living beings as well as exact determination of the meaning of passage of living beings.
  • the determination of the direction of passage of living beings passing in front of said device consists in analyzing the signal level electric of the second type at the moment when the living being leaves the cone of influence of the first detection window of the first cell.
  • the first cell and the second pyroelectric cell are one above the other.
  • the counting device and determining the direction of passage comprises a cylindrical Fresnel lens disposed in front of each cell.
  • the focus position of the Fresnel lens is such that the infrared radiation emitted by each living being focuses substantially between the two detection windows of the cell in question.
  • the Fig. 3 represents a device for counting and determining the direction of passage 500 of a living being 114 according to the invention.
  • the elements identical to the device for determining the direction of passage 100 of the state of the art bear the same references.
  • the first cell 502 is a pyroelectric sensor 502 of the type comprising a first detection window 504 and a second obscured detection window.
  • the first cell 502 and the second cell 102 are arranged close to one another, and preferably one above the other.
  • the detection windows 104, 106 and 504 are oriented vertically, and the detection windows 104 and 106 of the second cell 102 are arranged horizontally next to each other.
  • each cell 102, 502 is only influenced by a single living being 114 passing in front of the device 500, it comprises, for each cell 102 , 502, a cylindrical Fresnel lens 508 disposed in front of each cell 102, 502.
  • the position of the focus of the Fresnel lens 508 is such that the infrared radiation emitted by the living being 114 is substantially focus between the two detection windows 104, 106, 504 of the cell 102, 502 considered.
  • the cone 506 represents the cone of influence of the first cell 502 and, in particular, of the first detection window 504 of the first cell 502, that is to say that every living being 114 entering this cone 506 is seen by the first cell 502.
  • the cone 510 represents the cone of influence of the second cell 102, that is to say that every living being 114 entering this cone 510 is seen by the second cell 102 and, in particular, by the first detection window. 104 and the second detection window 106.
  • each living being 114 passing device 500 To allow a better detection of each living being 114 passing device 500, and to prevent the passage of a plurality of living beings 114 being analyzed as the passage of a single living being 114, the angle of each cone of influence 506, 510 is reduced to the maximum.
  • first cell 502 and the second cell 102 are arranged one above the other, makes it possible to vertically align the cone 506 and the cone 510.
  • a single living being 114 influences simultaneously the first cell 502 and the second cell 102, and when the living being 114 leaves one of the cones 506 or 510, it also leaves the other cone 510 or 506.
  • the living being 114 no longer influences one of the cells 502 or 102, it no longer influences the other cell 102 or 502, respectively, which prevents mis-counting or poor determination of the direction of passage.
  • This particular arrangement also makes it possible to obtain a device for counting and determining the direction of passage 500 compact.
  • the Fig. 5a and the Fig. 5b represent the representative curves of the signal at the output of the first cell 502 of the counting device and determining the direction of passage 500, that is to say the electrical signal of the first type.
  • the Fig. 5a represents the curve 602 when the outer surfaces of the living being 114 are at a lower temperature than the device 500.
  • the curve 602 has a maximum corresponding to the passage of the living being 114 in the cone of influence 506, then a sudden variation (here, a fall) corresponding to the fact that the living being 114 leaves the cone of influence 506, then a return to the initial level.
  • the Fig. 5b represents the curve 604 when the outer surfaces of the living being 114 are at a temperature greater than that of the device 500.
  • the curve 604 has a minimum which corresponds to the passage of the living being 114 in the cone of influence 506, then a brutal variation (here, a rise) corresponding to the fact that the living being 114 leaves the cone of influence 506, then a return to the initial level.
  • the processing unit can thus, by analyzing the signal received from the first cell 502, count the number of living beings 114 passing in front of the device 500 by incrementing a counter. In fact, to count a living being 114, the processing unit analyzes the electrical signal of the first type and increments the counter when it detects a first variation (rise 602 or descent 604) from the initial level, then a second variation in a direction opposite to the first variation (descent or climb).
  • a first variation rise 602 or descent 604
  • the processing unit can thus determine whether the temperature of the living being 114 is lower or higher than that of the device 500.
  • the first cell 502 thus plays a role. counter cell and temperature sensor which delivers an electrical signal representative of the temperature difference between the device 500 and the living being 114.
  • the Figs. 4a, 4b, 4c and 4d are the curves 310a, 310b, 410a and 410b representative of the signal at the output of the second pyroelectric cell 102 of the device for counting and determining the direction of passage of a living being 500, that is to say the electrical signal of the second type.
  • These curves 310a, 310b, 410a and 410b have a less sharp profile than the curves 602 and 604 because they come from a combination of the electrical signals coming from the first detection window 104 and the second detection window 106. the second cell 102. In particular, the area of return to the initial value of each of these curves 310a, 310b, 410a and 410b is disturbed.
  • the curve 310a represents the passage of a living being 114 whose temperature is lower than that of the device 500 in a first direction represented by the arrow 300a.
  • the curve 310b represents the passage of a living being 114 whose temperature is lower than that of the device 500 in a second direction represented by the arrow 300a.
  • the curve 410a represents the passage of a living being 114 whose temperature is greater than that of the device 500 in the first direction represented by the arrow 400a which is identical to the direction of the arrow 300a.
  • the curve 410b represents the passage of a living being 114 whose temperature is greater than that of the device 500 in the second direction represented by the arrow 400b which is identical to the direction of the arrow 300b.
  • the analysis, by the processing unit, of the signal of the first type and the signal of the second type, thus makes it possible to determine the direction of passage of the living being 114 in front of the device 500.
  • the curve 310a has a maximum 302 which corresponds to the passage of the living being 114 in front of the first detection window 104, then a sudden fall and a minimum 304 which corresponds to the passage of the living being 114 in front of the second detection window 106 then a sudden rise which corresponds to the fact that the living being 114 leaves the cone of influence 510, then a return to the initial level.
  • the curve 310b has an inverted disposition with respect to the curve 310a, that is to say that it has the minimum 304 which corresponds to the passage of the living being 114 in front of the second detection window 106, then a sudden rise and the maximum 302 which corresponds to the passage of the living being 114 in front of the first detection window 104, then a sudden drop which corresponds to the fact that the living being 114 leaves the cone of influence 510, then a return to the initial level .
  • the curve 410a has a minimum 402 which corresponds to the passage of the living being 114 in front of the first detection window 104, then a sudden rise and a maximum 404 which corresponds to the passage of the living being 114 in front of the second detection window 106 then a sudden fall which corresponds to the fact that the living being 114 leaves the cone of influence 510, then a return to the initial level.
  • the curve 410b has an inverted disposition with respect to the curve 410a, that is to say that it has the maximum 404 which corresponds to the passage of the living being 114 in front of the second detection window 106, then a sudden fall and the minimum 402 which corresponds to the passage of the living being 114 in front of the first detection window 104, then a sudden rise which corresponds to the fact that the living being 114 leaves the cone of influence 510, then a return to the initial level .
  • the processing unit receives the electrical signal of the first type delivered by the first cell 502 and representative of the passage of the living being 114 in front of the detection window 504.
  • the processing unit receives both one of the electrical signals of the first type, represented to the Figs. 5a or 5b , and one of the electrical signals of the second type, shown in Figs. 4a, 4b, 4c or 4d .
  • the processing unit After analyzing the electrical signal of the first type ( Fig. 5a, FIG. 5b ), received from the first cell 502, the processing unit determines whether the temperature of the living being 114 is higher or lower than that of the counting device and determining the direction of passage 500.
  • the analysis of the electrical signal of the second type then makes it possible to determine the direction of passage of the living being 114.
  • the determination of the temperature of the living being 114 with respect to that of the counting device and determining the direction of passage 500 limits the analysis to two of the four curves represented at Figs. 4a, 4b, 4c and 4d .
  • the direction of passage of the living being 114 is given by the arrow 300a of the Fig. 4a , or by the arrow 300b of the Fig. 4b .
  • the signal of the second type is similar to the curve of the Fig. 4a , that is to say that the curve first passes through the maximum 302 and then the minimum 304, then the direction of passage is given by the arrow 300a.
  • the signal of the second type is similar to the curve of the Fig. 4b , that is to say that the curve first passes through the minimum 304 then the maximum 302, then the direction of passage is given by the arrow 300b.
  • the direction of passage of the living being 114 is given by the arrow 400a of the Fig. 4c , or by arrow 400b of the Fig. 4d .
  • the signal of the second type is similar to the curve of the Fig. 4c , that is to say that the curve first passes through the minimum 402 and then the maximum 404, then the direction of passage is given by the arrow 400a.
  • the signal of the second type is similar to the curve of the Fig. 4d , that is to say that the curve first passes through the maximum 404 then the minimum 402, then the direction of passage is given by the arrow 400b.
  • the knowledge of the temperature of the living being 114, relative to that of the counting device and determining the direction of passage 500, makes it possible to precisely determine the direction of passage of the living being 114.
  • the processing unit is adapted to count the number of living beings 114 which are passed in front of the device 500. According to a particular embodiment, the processing unit counts, in a first register , the number of living beings 114 that have passed in the direction of the arrows 300a and 400a and, in a second register, the number of living beings 114 which have passed in the direction of the arrows 300b and 400b.
  • the first cell 502 and the second cell 102 are disposed one above the other, and the first detection window 504 of the first cell 502 is disposed substantially on the same vertical axis as the first detection window 104 of the second cell 102.
  • the Fig. 6a represents the passage of a living being 114 whose outside temperature is lower than that of the counting device and determination of the direction of passage 500, and which passes in front of said device 500 in the direction represented by the arrow 300a.
  • the living being 114 thus passes, first, in front of the first detection window 504, 104 of each cell 502, 102, generating a first maximum 702 on the curve 602, and the second maximum 302 on the curve 310a.
  • the influence thereof is felt at the second detection window 106 of the second cell 102, represented here by the fall between the maximum 302 and the minimum 304.
  • the minimum 304 then represents the moment when the living being 114 influences mainly the second detection window 106 of the second cell 102.
  • the living being 114 leaves the cone of influence 506 of the first detection window 504, which generates a rapid variation (here, a fall) of the signal delivered by the first cell 502.
  • the curve 310a representing the signal of the second type, is at the level of the minimum 304, that is to say that the living being 114 is in front of the second detection window 106 of the second cell 102.
  • determining the direction of passage of the living being 114 passing in front of the device 500 can be determined by analyzing the level of the electrical signal of the second type, when the living being 114 leaves the cone of influence 506 of the first detection window 504 of the first cell 502.
  • the Fig. 6b represents the passage of a living being 114 whose outside temperature is lower than that of the counting device and determining the direction of passage 500, and which passes in front of said device 500 in the direction represented by the arrow 300b.
  • the Fig. 6c represents the passage of a living being 114 whose outside temperature is greater than that of the counting device and determining the meaning passage 500, and which passes in front of said device 500 in the direction represented by the arrow 400a.
  • the Fig. 6d represents the passage of a living being 114 whose outside temperature is greater than that of the counting device and determining the direction of passage 500, and which passes in front of said device 500 in the direction represented by the arrow 400b.
  • the Figs. 6b, 6c and 6d are equivalent to the Fig. 6a , and each shows the variations of the electrical signal of the second type which are coordinated with those of the electrical signal of the first type.
  • the representative curve of the electrical signal of the second type 310b, 310c and 310d is at the minimum 402 or maximum 302, 404, that is to say that the living being 114 is in front of the second window detecting 106 of the second cell 102 or in front of the first detection window 104 of the second cell 102.
  • the determination of the direction of passage of the living being 114 passing in front of the device 500 consists of analyzing the level of the electrical signal of the second type at the moment when the living being 114 leaves the cone of d 506 of the first detection window 504 of the first cell 502.
  • the signal of the first type and, also, its representative curve 602 or 604 have a rising or falling edge which is sharp and very short time. This moment represents a remarkable event.
  • the analysis of the signal of the second type at this moment makes it possible to determine the direction of passage of the living being 114.
  • the different curves may be different depending on the characteristics of the cells used and the characteristics of the electronic components constituting the processing unit.
  • the directions of variation can be reversed.
  • the curves may also be different if the first detection window of the first cell is aligned vertically with the second detection window of the second cell. But there is still a correspondence between the moment when the living being 114 no longer influences the first detection window of the first cell and the level of the electric signal of the second type.
  • the invention is more particularly described in the case where the first detection window 504 of the first cell 502 is vertical, the invention can also operate in the case where this detection window 504 is oriented horizontally.

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Description

La présente invention concerne un dispositif de comptage et de détermination du sens de passage d'êtres vivants. Elle trouve son application dans le domaine du comptage et de la détermination du sens de passage des personnes sur les chemins ou dans les bâtiments. Mais elle peut également s'appliquer au comptage et à la détermination du sens de passage d'animaux sur les chemins.The present invention relates to a device for counting and determining the direction of passage of living beings. It finds its application in the field of counting and determining the direction of passage of people on roads or in buildings. But it can also apply to counting and determining the direction of passage of animals on the paths.

Le document US-A-4,278,878 et le document EP-A-0 828 233 divulguent des dispositifs de comptage.The document US Patent 4,278,878 and the document EP-A-0 828 233 disclose counting devices.

La Fig. 1 représente un dispositif de détermination du sens de passage 100 d'un être vivant 114 de l'état de la technique, qui comprend une cellule pyroélectrique 102 et une unité de traitement (non représentée).The Fig. 1 represents a device for determining the direction of passage 100 of a living being 114 of the state of the art, which comprises a pyroelectric cell 102 and a processing unit (not shown).

La cellule pyroélectrique 102 est du type comprenant une première fenêtre de détection 104 et une deuxième fenêtre de détection 106 disposées, horizontalement, l'une à côté de l'autre. La cellule pyroélectrique 102 et, en particulier, la première fenêtre de détection 104 et la deuxième fenêtre de détection 106 sont sensibles aux rayonnements infrarouges, et la cellule pyroélectrique 102 délivre un signal électrique 200 représentatif du passage de l'être vivant 114 devant les fenêtres de détection 104 et 106. Le signal électrique 200 est représenté à la Fig. 2a.The pyroelectric cell 102 is of the type comprising a first detection window 104 and a second detection window 106 arranged, horizontally, next to each other. The pyroelectric cell 102 and, in particular, the first detection window 104 and the second detection window 106 are sensitive to infrared radiation, and the pyroelectric cell 102 delivers an electrical signal 200 representative of the passage of the living being 114 in front of the windows. 104 and 106. The electrical signal 200 is shown in FIG. Fig. 2a .

L'unité de traitement est connectée à la cellule pyroélectrique 102 et reçoit le signal électrique 200 ainsi délivré, et, de l'analyse de ce signal électrique 200, elle détermine le sens du passage de l'être vivant 114 devant le dispositif de détermination du sens de passage 100.The processing unit is connected to the pyroelectric cell 102 and receives the electrical signal 200 thus delivered, and, from the analysis of this electrical signal 200, it determines the direction of passage of the living being 114 in front of the determination device the direction of passage 100.

Les parallélépipèdes 110 et 112 de la Fig. 1 représentent les zones d'influence des fenêtres de détection 104 et 106. C'est-à-dire qu'un rayonnement infrarouge émis à l'intérieur de la première zone d'influence 110 est perçu par la première fenêtre de détection 104, et un rayonnement infrarouge émis à l'intérieur de la deuxième zone d'influence 112 est perçu par la deuxième fenêtre de détection 106.The parallelepipeds 110 and 112 of the Fig. 1 represent the zones of influence of the detection windows 104 and 106. That is to say that infrared radiation emitted inside the first zone of influence 110 is perceived by the first detection window 104, and an infrared radiation emitted inside the second influence zone 112 is perceived by the second detection window 106.

La flèche 116 représente le sens de passage de l'être vivant 114.The arrow 116 represents the direction of passage of the living being 114.

Le signal électrique 200 représente le signal électrique délivré par la cellule pyroélectrique 102 lors du passage de l'être vivant 114 devant la cellule pyroélectrique 102. La flèche 210a représente le sens de passage de l'être vivant 114. Dans l'exemple de la Fig. 2a, la flèche 210a reprend la direction de la flèche 116 de la Fig. 1.The electrical signal 200 represents the electrical signal delivered by the pyroelectric cell 102 during the passage of the living being 114 in front of the pyroelectric cell 102. The arrow 210a represents the direction of passage of the living being 114. In the example of the Fig. 2a , the arrow 210a takes again the direction of the arrow 116 of the Fig. 1 .

Le maximum 202 représente la détection par la première fenêtre de détection 104 du passage de l'être vivant 114 et le minimum 204 représente la détection par la deuxième fenêtre de détection 106 du passage de l'être vivant 114. Le minimum secondaire 206 et le maximum secondaire 208 sont représentatifs de l'amortissement du signal et dépendent des éléments constituant la cellule pyroélectrique 102 et l'unité de traitement.The maximum 202 represents the detection by the first detection window 104 of the passage of the living being 114 and the minimum 204 represents the detection by the second detection window 106 of the passage of the living being 114. The secondary minimum 206 and the secondary maximum 208 are representative of the damping of the signal and depend on the elements constituting the pyroelectric cell 102 and the processing unit.

Si l'être vivant 114 se déplace dans une direction inverse de celle de la flèche 116, le signal électrique 200 est inversé, c'est-à-dire que le signal passe d'abord par le minimum 204 représentatif du passage de l'être vivant 114 devant la deuxième fenêtre de détection 106, puis par un maximum 202 représentatif du passage de l'être vivant 114 devant la première fenêtre de détection 104. Un tel signal électrique est représenté en Fig. 2b. Le sens de passage de l'être vivant 114 est alors représenté par la flèche 210b.If the living being 114 moves in a direction opposite to that of the arrow 116, the electrical signal 200 is inverted, that is to say that the signal first passes through the minimum 204 representative of the passage of the be alive 114 in front of the second detection window 106, then by a maximum 202 representative of the passage of the living being 114 in front of the first detection window 104. Such an electrical signal is represented in FIG. Fig. 2b . The direction of passage of the living being 114 is then represented by the arrow 210b.

La détermination du sens de passage de l'être vivant 114 devant le dispositif de détermination du sens de passage 100 semble donc pouvoir se faire par analyse du signal électrique 200. En fait, cette détermination est exacte uniquement si la température de l'être vivant 114 est supérieure à celle du dispositif de détermination du sens de passage 100.The determination of the direction of passage of the living being 114 in front of the device for determining the direction of passage 100 thus seems to be able to be done by analysis of the electrical signal 200. In fact, this determination is accurate only if the temperature of the living being 114 is greater than that of the device for determining the direction of passage 100.

En effet, si la température de l'être vivant 114 est inférieure à celle du dispositif de détermination du sens de passage 100, les courbes des Figs. 2a et 2b sont inversées et il y a alors une indétermination du sens de passage de l'être vivant 114.Indeed, if the temperature of the living being 114 is lower than that of the device for determining the direction of passage 100, the curves of the Figs. 2a and 2b are reversed and there is then an indeterminacy of the direction of passage of the living being.

Ainsi, du fait de l'inversion de la différence de température entre l'être vivant 114 et le dispositif de détermination du sens de passage 100, naît une incertitude quant au sens de passage de l'être vivant 114 devant le dispositif de détermination du sens de passage 100. Une telle inversion de la différence de température peut exister lorsque le dispositif de détermination du sens de passage 100 est placé dans un corridor chauffé, et que l'être vivant 114 vient d'un endroit où la température est inférieure, par exemple de dehors, et que ses vêtements sont froids.Thus, because of the inversion of the temperature difference between the living being 114 and the device for determining the direction of passage 100, uncertainty arises as to the direction of passage of the living being 114 in front of the device for determining the direction of passage 100. Such an inversion of the temperature difference can exist when the device for determining the direction of passage 100 is placed in a heated corridor, and the living being 114 comes from a place where the temperature is lower, for example, outside, and that his clothes are cold.

En outre, un tel dispositif de détermination du sens de passage 100 ne permet pas de comptabiliser le nombre d'êtres vivants 114 qui passent devant lui.In addition, such a device for determining the direction of passage 100 does not make it possible to count the number of living beings 114 passing in front of it.

Un objet de la présente invention est donc de proposer un dispositif de comptage et de détermination du sens de passage d'êtres vivants qui ne présente pas les inconvénients de l'état de la technique, en permettant un comptage des êtres vivants ainsi qu'une détermination exacte du sens de passage des êtres vivants.An object of the present invention is therefore to propose a device for counting and determining the direction of passage of living beings which does not have the drawbacks of the state of the art, by allowing counting of living beings as well as exact determination of the meaning of passage of living beings.

A cet effet, est proposé un dispositif de comptage et de détermination du sens de passage d'êtres vivants comprenant :

  • une première cellule adaptĂ©e Ă  dĂ©livrer un signal Ă©lectrique d'un premier type reprĂ©sentatif du passage d'un ĂŞtre vivant devant ladite première cellule ;
  • une deuxième cellule pyroĂ©lectrique du type comprenant une première fenĂŞtre de dĂ©tection et une deuxième fenĂŞtre de dĂ©tection, et adaptĂ©e Ă  dĂ©livrer un signal Ă©lectrique d'un deuxième type reprĂ©sentatif du sens de passage de l'ĂŞtre vivant devant ladite deuxième cellule pyroĂ©lectrique ; et
  • une unitĂ© de traitement adaptĂ©e Ă  dĂ©terminer, d'une part, le nombre d'ĂŞtres vivants passant devant ledit dispositif, par analyse du signal Ă©lectrique du premier type et, d'autre part, le sens de passage des ĂŞtres vivants passant devant ledit dispositif, par analyse de la position temporelle du front montant ou descendant du signal Ă©lectrique du premier type par rapport au minimum et au maximum du signal Ă©lectrique du deuxième type.
Selon un mode de réalisation particulier, la première cellule est un capteur pyroélectrique du type comprenant une première fenêtre de détection et une deuxième fenêtre de détection occultée.For this purpose, there is provided a device for counting and determining the direction of passage of living beings, comprising:
  • a first cell adapted to deliver an electrical signal of a first type representative of the passage of a living being in front of said first cell;
  • a second pyroelectric cell of the type comprising a first detection window and a second detection window, and adapted to deliver an electrical signal of a second type representative of the direction of passage of the living being in front of said second pyroelectric cell; and
  • a processing unit adapted to determine, on the one hand, the number of living beings passing in front of said device, by analysis of the electrical signal of the first type and, on the other hand, the direction of passage of the living beings passing in front of said device by analyzing the temporal position of the rising or falling edge of the electrical signal of the first type with respect to the minimum and maximum of the electrical signal of the second type.
According to a particular embodiment, the first cell is a pyroelectric sensor of the type comprising a first detection window and a second obscured detection window.

Selon un mode de réalisation particulier, la détermination du sens de passage des êtres vivants passant devant ledit dispositif consiste à analyser le niveau du signal électrique du deuxième type au moment où l'être vivant sort du cône d'influence de la première fenêtre de détection de la première cellule.According to a particular embodiment, the determination of the direction of passage of living beings passing in front of said device consists in analyzing the signal level electric of the second type at the moment when the living being leaves the cone of influence of the first detection window of the first cell.

Selon un mode de réalisation particulier, la première cellule et la deuxième cellule pyroélectrique sont l'une au-dessus de l'autre.According to a particular embodiment, the first cell and the second pyroelectric cell are one above the other.

Avantageusement, le dispositif de comptage et de détermination du sens de passage comprend une lentille de Fresnel cylindrique disposée devant chaque cellule.Advantageously, the counting device and determining the direction of passage comprises a cylindrical Fresnel lens disposed in front of each cell.

Avantageusement, pour chaque cellule, la position du foyer de la lentille de Fresnel est telle que les rayonnements infrarouges émis par chaque être vivant se focalisent sensiblement entre les deux fenêtres de détection de la cellule considérée.Advantageously, for each cell, the focus position of the Fresnel lens is such that the infrared radiation emitted by each living being focuses substantially between the two detection windows of the cell in question.

Les caractéristiques de l'invention mentionnées ci-dessus, ainsi que d'autres, apparaîtront plus clairement à la lecture de la description suivante d'un exemple de réalisation, ladite description étant faite en relation avec les dessins joints, parmi lesquels :

  • la Fig. 1 reprĂ©sente un dispositif de dĂ©termination du sens de passage d'un ĂŞtre vivant de l'Ă©tat de la technique ;
  • la Fig. 2a et la Fig. 2b reprĂ©sentent des courbes reprĂ©sentatives du signal en sortie de la cellule pyroĂ©lectrique de l'Ă©tat de la technique ;
  • la Fig. 3 reprĂ©sente un dispositif de comptage et de dĂ©termination du sens de passage d'un ĂŞtre vivant selon l'invention ;
  • la Fig. 4a, la Fig. 4b, la Fig. 4c et la Fig. 4d sont les diffĂ©rentes courbes reprĂ©sentatives du signal en sortie de la deuxième cellule pyroĂ©lectrique du dispositif de comptage et de dĂ©termination du sens de passage d'un ĂŞtre vivant selon l'invention;
  • la Fig. 5a et la Fig. 5b reprĂ©sentent les courbes reprĂ©sentatives du signal en sortie de la première cellule du dispositif de comptage et de dĂ©termination du sens de passage d'un ĂŞtre vivant selon l'invention ; et
  • les Figs. 6a, 6b, 6c et 6d reprĂ©sentent la combinaison des courbes reprĂ©sentatives du signal en sortie de la deuxième cellule pyroĂ©lectrique et des courbes reprĂ©sentatives du signal en sortie de la première cellule du dispositif de comptage et de dĂ©termination du sens de passage d'un ĂŞtre vivant, selon un mode de rĂ©alisation particulier de l'invention.
The characteristics of the invention mentioned above, as well as others, will appear more clearly on reading the following description of an exemplary embodiment, said description being given in relation to the attached drawings, among which:
  • the Fig. 1 represents a device for determining the direction of passage of a living being of the state of the art;
  • the Fig. 2a and the Fig. 2b represent representative curves of the output signal of the pyroelectric cell of the state of the art;
  • the Fig. 3 represents a device for counting and determining the direction of passage of a living being according to the invention;
  • the Fig. 4a , the Fig. 4b , the Fig. 4c and the Fig. 4d are the various representative curves of the signal at the output of the second pyroelectric cell of the counting device and determining the direction of passage of a living being according to the invention;
  • the Fig. 5a and the Fig. 5b represent the representative curves of the signal at the output of the first cell of the counting device and determining the direction of passage of a living being according to the invention; and
  • the Figs. 6a, 6b, 6c and 6d represent the combination of the representative curves of the signal at the output of the second pyroelectric cell and the representative curves of the signal at the output of the first cell of the counting device and for determining the direction of passage of a living being, according to a particular embodiment of the invention.

La Fig. 3 représente un dispositif de comptage et de détermination du sens de passage 500 d'un être vivant 114 selon l'invention. Les éléments identiques au dispositif de détermination du sens de passage 100 de l'état de la technique portent les mêmes références.The Fig. 3 represents a device for counting and determining the direction of passage 500 of a living being 114 according to the invention. The elements identical to the device for determining the direction of passage 100 of the state of the art bear the same references.

Ainsi, le dispositif de comptage et de détermination du sens de passage 500, selon l'invention, comprend :

  • une première cellule 502 adaptĂ©e Ă  dĂ©livrer un signal Ă©lectrique d'un premier type reprĂ©sentatif du passage d'un ĂŞtre vivant 114 devant la première cellule 502 ;
  • une deuxième cellule pyroĂ©lectrique 102 du type comprenant une première fenĂŞtre de dĂ©tection 104 et une deuxième fenĂŞtre de dĂ©tection 106 et adaptĂ©e Ă  dĂ©livrer un signal Ă©lectrique d'un deuxième type reprĂ©sentatif du sens de passage de l'ĂŞtre vivant 114 devant la deuxième cellule pyroĂ©lectrique 102 ; et
  • une unitĂ© de traitement adaptĂ©e Ă  dĂ©terminer, d'une part, le nombre d'ĂŞtres vivants passant devant le dispositif 500 par analyse du signal Ă©lectrique du premier type et, d'autre part, le sens de passage des ĂŞtres vivants 114 passant devant le dispositif 500, par analyse du signal Ă©lectrique du premier type et du signal Ă©lectrique du deuxième type.
Thus, the device for counting and determining the direction of passage 500, according to the invention, comprises:
  • a first cell 502 adapted to deliver an electrical signal of a first type representative of the passage of a living being 114 in front of the first cell 502;
  • a second pyroelectric cell 102 of the type comprising a first detection window 104 and a second detection window 106 and adapted to deliver an electrical signal of a second type representative of the direction of passage of the living being 114 in front of the second pyroelectric cell 102 ; and
  • a processing unit adapted to determine, on the one hand, the number of living beings passing in front of the device 500 by analysis of the electrical signal of the first type and, on the other hand, the direction of passage of the living beings 114 passing in front of the device 500, by analyzing the electrical signal of the first type and the electrical signal of the second type.

Selon un mode de réalisation particulier de l'invention représenté à la Fig. 3, la première cellule 502 est un capteur pyroélectrique 502 du type comprenant une première fenêtre de détection 504 et une deuxième fenêtre de détection occultée.According to a particular embodiment of the invention shown in Fig. 3 the first cell 502 is a pyroelectric sensor 502 of the type comprising a first detection window 504 and a second obscured detection window.

Sur la Fig. 3, la première cellule 502 et la deuxième cellule 102 sont disposées proches l'une de l'autre, et de préférence l'une au-dessus de l'autre.On the Fig. 3 the first cell 502 and the second cell 102 are arranged close to one another, and preferably one above the other.

Les fenêtres de détection 104, 106 et 504 sont orientées verticalement, et les fenêtres de détection 104 et 106 de la deuxième cellule 102 sont disposées, horizontalement, l'une à côté de l'autre.The detection windows 104, 106 and 504 are oriented vertically, and the detection windows 104 and 106 of the second cell 102 are arranged horizontally next to each other.

Afin que l'angle de vision de chaque cellule 102, 502 ne soit pas trop étendu et donc que chaque cellule 102, 502 soit uniquement influencé par un unique être vivant 114 passant devant le dispositif 500, celui-ci comprend, pour chaque cellule 102, 502, une lentille de Fresnel cylindrique 508 disposée devant chaque cellule 102, 502. Avantageusement, pour chaque cellule 102, 502, la position du foyer de la lentille de Fresnel 508 est telle que les rayonnements infrarouges émis par l'être vivant 114 se focalisent sensiblement entre les deux fenêtres de détection 104, 106, 504 de la cellule 102, 502 considérée.So that the viewing angle of each cell 102, 502 is not too wide and therefore each cell 102, 502 is only influenced by a single living being 114 passing in front of the device 500, it comprises, for each cell 102 , 502, a cylindrical Fresnel lens 508 disposed in front of each cell 102, 502. Advantageously, for each cell 102, 502, the position of the focus of the Fresnel lens 508 is such that the infrared radiation emitted by the living being 114 is substantially focus between the two detection windows 104, 106, 504 of the cell 102, 502 considered.

Le cône 506 représente le cône d'influence de la première cellule 502 et, en particulier, de la première fenêtre de détection 504 de la première cellule 502, c'est-à-dire que tout être vivant 114 entrant dans ce cône 506 est vu par la première cellule 502.The cone 506 represents the cone of influence of the first cell 502 and, in particular, of the first detection window 504 of the first cell 502, that is to say that every living being 114 entering this cone 506 is seen by the first cell 502.

Le cône 510 représente le cône d'influence de la deuxième cellule 102, c'est-à-dire que tout être vivant 114 entrant dans ce cône 510 est vu par la deuxième cellule 102 et, en particulier, par la première fenêtre de détection 104 et la deuxième fenêtre de détection 106.The cone 510 represents the cone of influence of the second cell 102, that is to say that every living being 114 entering this cone 510 is seen by the second cell 102 and, in particular, by the first detection window. 104 and the second detection window 106.

Pour permettre une meilleure détection de chaque être vivant 114 passant le dispositif 500, et éviter que le passage d'une pluralité d'êtres vivants 114 soit analysé comme le passage d'un seul être vivant 114, l'angle de chaque cône d'influence 506, 510 est réduit au maximum.To allow a better detection of each living being 114 passing device 500, and to prevent the passage of a plurality of living beings 114 being analyzed as the passage of a single living being 114, the angle of each cone of influence 506, 510 is reduced to the maximum.

En outre, le fait que la première cellule 502 et la deuxième cellule 102 sont disposées l'une au-dessus de l'autre, permet d'aligner verticalement le cône 506 et le cône 510. Ainsi, un unique être vivant 114 influence simultanément la première cellule 502 et la deuxième cellule 102, et lorsque l'être vivant 114 quitte l'un des cônes 506 ou 510, il quitte également l'autre cône 510 ou 506. Ainsi, lorsque l'être vivant 114 n'influence plus l'une des cellules 502 ou 102, il n'influence plus l'autre cellule 102 ou 502, respectivement, ce qui évite un mauvais comptage ou une mauvaise détermination du sens de passage.In addition, the fact that the first cell 502 and the second cell 102 are arranged one above the other, makes it possible to vertically align the cone 506 and the cone 510. Thus, a single living being 114 influences simultaneously the first cell 502 and the second cell 102, and when the living being 114 leaves one of the cones 506 or 510, it also leaves the other cone 510 or 506. Thus, when the living being 114 no longer influences one of the cells 502 or 102, it no longer influences the other cell 102 or 502, respectively, which prevents mis-counting or poor determination of the direction of passage.

Cette disposition particulière permet également d'obtenir un dispositif de comptage et de détermination du sens de passage 500 compact.This particular arrangement also makes it possible to obtain a device for counting and determining the direction of passage 500 compact.

La Fig. 5a et la Fig. 5b représentent les courbes représentatives du signal en sortie de la première cellule 502 du dispositif de comptage et de détermination du sens de passage 500, c'est-à-dire du signal électrique du premier type.The Fig. 5a and the Fig. 5b represent the representative curves of the signal at the output of the first cell 502 of the counting device and determining the direction of passage 500, that is to say the electrical signal of the first type.

La Fig. 5a représente la courbe 602 lorsque les surfaces extérieures de l'être vivant 114 sont à une température inférieure à celle du dispositif 500. La courbe 602 présente un maximum qui correspond au passage de l'être vivant 114 dans le cône d'influence 506, puis une variation brutale (ici, une chute) correspondant au fait que l'être vivant 114 sort du cône d'influence 506, puis un retour au niveau initial.The Fig. 5a represents the curve 602 when the outer surfaces of the living being 114 are at a lower temperature than the device 500. The curve 602 has a maximum corresponding to the passage of the living being 114 in the cone of influence 506, then a sudden variation (here, a fall) corresponding to the fact that the living being 114 leaves the cone of influence 506, then a return to the initial level.

La Fig. 5b représente la courbe 604 lorsque les surfaces extérieures de l'être vivant 114 sont à une température supérieure à celle du dispositif 500. La courbe 604 présente un minimum qui correspond au passage de l'être vivant 114 dans le cône d'influence 506, puis une variation brutale (ici, une montée) correspondant au fait que l'être vivant 114 sort du cône d'influence 506, puis un retour au niveau initial.The Fig. 5b represents the curve 604 when the outer surfaces of the living being 114 are at a temperature greater than that of the device 500. The curve 604 has a minimum which corresponds to the passage of the living being 114 in the cone of influence 506, then a brutal variation (here, a rise) corresponding to the fact that the living being 114 leaves the cone of influence 506, then a return to the initial level.

L'unité de traitement peut, ainsi, par analyse du signal reçu depuis la première cellule 502, comptabiliser le nombre d'êtres vivants 114 passant devant le dispositif 500 par incrémentation d'un compteur. En fait, pour comptabiliser un être vivant 114, l'unité de traitement analyse le signal électrique du premier type et incrémente le compteur lorsqu'elle détecte une première variation (montée 602 ou descente 604) à partir du niveau initial, puis une deuxième variation dans un sens inverse de la première variation (descente ou montée).The processing unit can thus, by analyzing the signal received from the first cell 502, count the number of living beings 114 passing in front of the device 500 by incrementing a counter. In fact, to count a living being 114, the processing unit analyzes the electrical signal of the first type and increments the counter when it detects a first variation (rise 602 or descent 604) from the initial level, then a second variation in a direction opposite to the first variation (descent or climb).

A partir de l'analyse du signal reçu de la première cellule 502, l'unité de traitement peut ainsi déterminer si la température de l'être vivant 114 est inférieure ou supérieure à celle du dispositif 500. La première cellule 502 joue donc un rôle de cellule de comptage et de capteur de température qui délivre un signal électrique représentatif de la différence de températures entre le dispositif 500 et l'être vivant 114.From the analysis of the signal received from the first cell 502, the processing unit can thus determine whether the temperature of the living being 114 is lower or higher than that of the device 500. The first cell 502 thus plays a role. counter cell and temperature sensor which delivers an electrical signal representative of the temperature difference between the device 500 and the living being 114.

Les Figs. 4a, 4b, 4c et 4d sont les courbes 310a, 310b, 410a et 410b représentatives du signal en sortie de la deuxième cellule pyroélectrique 102 du dispositif de comptage et de détermination du sens de passage d'un être vivant 500, c'est-à-dire du signal électrique du deuxième type. Ces courbes 310a, 310b, 410a et 410b ont un profil moins net que les courbes 602 et 604 du fait qu'elles proviennent d'une combinaison des signaux électriques provenant de la première fenêtre de détection 104 et de la deuxième fenêtre de détection 106 de la deuxième cellule 102. En particulier, la zone de retour à la valeur initiale de chacune de ces courbes 310a, 310b, 410a et 410b, est perturbée.The Figs. 4a, 4b, 4c and 4d are the curves 310a, 310b, 410a and 410b representative of the signal at the output of the second pyroelectric cell 102 of the device for counting and determining the direction of passage of a living being 500, that is to say the electrical signal of the second type. These curves 310a, 310b, 410a and 410b have a less sharp profile than the curves 602 and 604 because they come from a combination of the electrical signals coming from the first detection window 104 and the second detection window 106. the second cell 102. In particular, the area of return to the initial value of each of these curves 310a, 310b, 410a and 410b is disturbed.

La courbe 310a représente le passage d'un être vivant 114 dont la température est inférieure à celle du dispositif 500 dans un premier sens représenté par la flèche 300a.The curve 310a represents the passage of a living being 114 whose temperature is lower than that of the device 500 in a first direction represented by the arrow 300a.

La courbe 310b représente le passage d'un être vivant 114 dont la température est inférieure à celle du dispositif 500 dans un deuxième sens représenté par la flèche 300a.The curve 310b represents the passage of a living being 114 whose temperature is lower than that of the device 500 in a second direction represented by the arrow 300a.

La courbe 410a représente le passage d'un être vivant 114 dont la température est supérieure à celle du dispositif 500 dans le premier sens représenté par la flèche 400a qui est identique au sens de la flèche 300a.The curve 410a represents the passage of a living being 114 whose temperature is greater than that of the device 500 in the first direction represented by the arrow 400a which is identical to the direction of the arrow 300a.

La courbe 410b représente le passage d'un être vivant 114 dont la température est supérieure à celle du dispositif 500 dans le deuxième sens représenté par la flèche 400b qui est identique au sens de la flèche 300b.The curve 410b represents the passage of a living being 114 whose temperature is greater than that of the device 500 in the second direction represented by the arrow 400b which is identical to the direction of the arrow 300b.

L'analyse, par l'unité de traitement, du signal du premier type et du signal du deuxième type, permet ainsi de déterminer le sens de passage de l'être vivant 114 devant le dispositif 500.The analysis, by the processing unit, of the signal of the first type and the signal of the second type, thus makes it possible to determine the direction of passage of the living being 114 in front of the device 500.

La courbe 310a présente un maximum 302 qui correspond au passage de l'être vivant 114 devant la première fenêtre de détection 104, puis une chute brutale et un minimum 304 qui correspond au passage de l'être vivant 114 devant la deuxième fenêtre de détection 106, puis une montée brutale qui correspond au fait que l'être vivant 114 sort du cône d'influence 510, puis un retour au niveau initial.The curve 310a has a maximum 302 which corresponds to the passage of the living being 114 in front of the first detection window 104, then a sudden fall and a minimum 304 which corresponds to the passage of the living being 114 in front of the second detection window 106 then a brutal rise which corresponds to the fact that the living being 114 leaves the cone of influence 510, then a return to the initial level.

La courbe 310b présente une disposition inversée par rapport à la courbe 310a, c'est-à-dire qu'elle présente le minimum 304 qui correspond au passage de l'être vivant 114 devant la deuxième fenêtre de détection 106, puis une montée brutale et le maximum 302 qui correspond au passage de l'être vivant 114 devant la première fenêtre de détection 104, puis une chute brutale qui correspond au fait que l'être vivant 114 sort du cône d'influence 510, puis un retour au niveau initial.The curve 310b has an inverted disposition with respect to the curve 310a, that is to say that it has the minimum 304 which corresponds to the passage of the living being 114 in front of the second detection window 106, then a sudden rise and the maximum 302 which corresponds to the passage of the living being 114 in front of the first detection window 104, then a sudden drop which corresponds to the fact that the living being 114 leaves the cone of influence 510, then a return to the initial level .

La courbe 410a présente un minimum 402 qui correspond au passage de l'être vivant 114 devant la première fenêtre de détection 104, puis une montée brutale et un maximum 404 qui correspond au passage de l'être vivant 114 devant la deuxième fenêtre de détection 106, puis une chute brutale qui correspond au fait que l'être vivant 114 sort du cône d'influence 510, puis un retour au niveau initial.The curve 410a has a minimum 402 which corresponds to the passage of the living being 114 in front of the first detection window 104, then a sudden rise and a maximum 404 which corresponds to the passage of the living being 114 in front of the second detection window 106 then a sudden fall which corresponds to the fact that the living being 114 leaves the cone of influence 510, then a return to the initial level.

La courbe 410b présente une disposition inversée par rapport à la courbe 410a, c'est-à-dire qu'elle présente le maximum 404 qui correspond au passage de l'être vivant 114 devant la deuxième fenêtre de détection 106, puis une chute brutale et le minimum 402 qui correspond au passage de l'être vivant 114 devant la première fenêtre de détection 104, puis une montée brutale qui correspond au fait que l'être vivant 114 sort du cône d'influence 510, puis un retour au niveau initial.The curve 410b has an inverted disposition with respect to the curve 410a, that is to say that it has the maximum 404 which corresponds to the passage of the living being 114 in front of the second detection window 106, then a sudden fall and the minimum 402 which corresponds to the passage of the living being 114 in front of the first detection window 104, then a sudden rise which corresponds to the fact that the living being 114 leaves the cone of influence 510, then a return to the initial level .

Comme cela est décrit ci-dessus, outre le signal électrique du deuxième type délivré par la deuxième cellule pyroélectrique 102 et représentatif du sens de passage de l'être vivant 114 devant les fenêtres de détection 104 et 106, l'unité de traitement reçoit le signal électrique du premier type délivré par la première cellule 502 et représentatif du passage de l'être vivant 114 devant la fenêtre de détection 504. Ainsi, l'unité de traitement reçoit à la fois l'un des signaux électriques du premier type, représentés aux Figs. 5a ou 5b, et l'un des signaux électriques du deuxième type, représentés aux Figs. 4a, 4b, 4c ou 4d.As described above, in addition to the electrical signal of the second type delivered by the second pyroelectric cell 102 and representative of the direction of passage of the living being 114 in front of the detection windows 104 and 106, the processing unit receives the electrical signal of the first type delivered by the first cell 502 and representative of the passage of the living being 114 in front of the detection window 504. Thus, the processing unit receives both one of the electrical signals of the first type, represented to the Figs. 5a or 5b , and one of the electrical signals of the second type, shown in Figs. 4a, 4b, 4c or 4d .

Après analyse du signal électrique du premier type (Fig. 5a, Fig. 5b), reçu de la première cellule 502, l'unité de traitement détermine si la température de l'être vivant 114 est supérieure ou inférieure à celle du dispositif de comptage et de détermination du sens de passage 500.After analyzing the electrical signal of the first type ( Fig. 5a, FIG. 5b ), received from the first cell 502, the processing unit determines whether the temperature of the living being 114 is higher or lower than that of the counting device and determining the direction of passage 500.

L'analyse du signal électrique du deuxième type permet alors de déterminer le sens de passage de l'être vivant 114. En effet, la détermination de la température de l'être vivant 114 par rapport à celle du dispositif de comptage et de détermination du sens de passage 500 limite l'analyse à deux des quatre courbes représentées aux Figs. 4a, 4b, 4c et 4d.The analysis of the electrical signal of the second type then makes it possible to determine the direction of passage of the living being 114. In fact, the determination of the temperature of the living being 114 with respect to that of the counting device and determining the direction of passage 500 limits the analysis to two of the four curves represented at Figs. 4a, 4b, 4c and 4d .

Si la température de l'être vivant 114 est inférieure à celle du dispositif de comptage et de détermination du sens de passage 500, le sens de passage de l'être vivant 114 est donné par la flèche 300a de la Fig. 4a, ou par la flèche 300b de la Fig. 4b. Si le signal du deuxième type est similaire à la courbe de la Fig. 4a, c'est-à-dire que la courbe passe d'abord par le maximum 302 puis par le minimum 304, alors le sens de passage est donné par la flèche 300a. Si le signal du deuxième type est similaire à la courbe de la Fig. 4b, c'est-à-dire que la courbe passe d'abord par le minimum 304 puis par le maximum 302, alors le sens de passage est donné par la flèche 300b.If the temperature of the living being 114 is lower than that of the counting device and determining the direction of passage 500, the direction of passage of the living being 114 is given by the arrow 300a of the Fig. 4a , or by the arrow 300b of the Fig. 4b . If the signal of the second type is similar to the curve of the Fig. 4a , that is to say that the curve first passes through the maximum 302 and then the minimum 304, then the direction of passage is given by the arrow 300a. If the signal of the second type is similar to the curve of the Fig. 4b , that is to say that the curve first passes through the minimum 304 then the maximum 302, then the direction of passage is given by the arrow 300b.

Si la température de l'être vivant 114 est supérieure à celle du dispositif de comptage et de détermination du sens de passage 500, le sens de passage de l'être vivant 114 est donné par la flèche 400a de la Fig. 4c, ou par la flèche 400b de la Fig. 4d. Si le signal du deuxième type est similaire à la courbe de la Fig. 4c, c'est-à-dire que la courbe passe d'abord par le minimum 402 puis par le maximum 404, alors le sens de passage est donné par la flèche 400a. Si le signal du deuxième type est similaire à la courbe de la Fig. 4d, c'est-à-dire que la courbe passe d'abord par le maximum 404 puis par le minimum 402, alors le sens de passage est donné par la flèche 400b.If the temperature of the living being 114 is greater than that of the counting device and determining the direction of passage 500, the direction of passage of the living being 114 is given by the arrow 400a of the Fig. 4c , or by arrow 400b of the Fig. 4d . If the signal of the second type is similar to the curve of the Fig. 4c , that is to say that the curve first passes through the minimum 402 and then the maximum 404, then the direction of passage is given by the arrow 400a. If the signal of the second type is similar to the curve of the Fig. 4d , that is to say that the curve first passes through the maximum 404 then the minimum 402, then the direction of passage is given by the arrow 400b.

Les différentes combinaisons entre le signal du deuxième type en sortie de la deuxième cellule pyroélectrique 102 et le signal du premier type en sortie de la première cellule 502 du dispositif de comptage et de détermination du sens de passage d'un être vivant 500, sont représentées par les courbes des Figs. 6a, 6b, 6c et 6d.The various combinations between the signal of the second type at the output of the second pyroelectric cell 102 and the signal of the first type at the output of the first cell 502 of the device for counting and determining the direction of passage of a living being 500 are represented. by the curves of Figs. 6a, 6b, 6c and 6d .

Ainsi, la connaissance de la température de l'être vivant 114, par rapport à celle du dispositif de comptage et de détermination du sens de passage 500, permet de déterminer précisément le sens de passage de l'être vivant 114.Thus, the knowledge of the temperature of the living being 114, relative to that of the counting device and determining the direction of passage 500, makes it possible to precisely determine the direction of passage of the living being 114.

Comme cela est décrit ci-dessus, l'unité de traitement est adaptée à comptabiliser le nombre d'êtres vivants 114 qui sont passés devant le dispositif 500. Selon un mode de réalisation particulier, l'unité de traitement comptabilise, dans un premier registre, le nombre d'êtres vivants 114 qui sont passés dans le sens des flèches 300a et 400a et, dans un deuxième registre, le nombre d'êtres vivants 114 qui sont passés dans le sens des flèches 300b et 400b.As described above, the processing unit is adapted to count the number of living beings 114 which are passed in front of the device 500. According to a particular embodiment, the processing unit counts, in a first register , the number of living beings 114 that have passed in the direction of the arrows 300a and 400a and, in a second register, the number of living beings 114 which have passed in the direction of the arrows 300b and 400b.

Pour les Figs. 6a, 6b, 6c et 6d, la première cellule 502 et la deuxième cellule 102 sont disposées l'une au-dessus de l'autre, et la première fenêtre de détection 504 de la première cellule 502 est disposée sensiblement sur le même axe vertical que la première fenêtre de détection 104 de la deuxième cellule 102.For the Figs. 6a, 6b, 6c and 6d the first cell 502 and the second cell 102 are disposed one above the other, and the first detection window 504 of the first cell 502 is disposed substantially on the same vertical axis as the first detection window 104 of the second cell 102.

La Fig. 6a représente le passage d'un être vivant 114 dont la température extérieure est inférieure à celle du dispositif de comptage et de détermination du sens de passage 500, et qui passe devant ledit dispositif 500 dans le sens représenté par la flèche 300a.The Fig. 6a represents the passage of a living being 114 whose outside temperature is lower than that of the counting device and determination of the direction of passage 500, and which passes in front of said device 500 in the direction represented by the arrow 300a.

L'être vivant 114 passe ainsi, d'abord, devant la première fenêtre de détection 504, 104 de chaque cellule 502, 102, générant un premier maximum 702 sur la courbe 602, et le deuxième maximum 302 sur la courbe 310a. Au cours de l'avancée de l'être vivant 114, l'influence de celui-ci se fait ressentir au niveau de la deuxième fenêtre de détection 106 de la deuxième cellule 102, représentée ici par la chute entre le maximum 302 et le minimum 304. Le minimum 304 représente alors le moment où l'être vivant 114 influence principalement la deuxième fenêtre de détection 106 de la deuxième cellule 102. Lors de ce passage du maximum 302 au minimum 304, l'être vivant 114 quitte le cône d'influence 506 de la première fenêtre de détection 504, ce qui génère une variation rapide (ici, une chute) du signal délivré par la première cellule 502. A la fin de la variation rapide, la courbe 310a, représentant le signal du deuxième type, est au niveau du minimum 304, c'est-à-dire que l'être vivant 114 se situe devant la deuxième fenêtre de détection 106 de la deuxième cellule 102. Ainsi, la détermination du sens de passage de l'être vivant 114 passant devant le dispositif 500, peut être déterminé par l'analyse du niveau du signal électrique du deuxième type, au moment où l'être vivant 114 sort du cône de d'influence 506 de la première fenêtre de détection 504 de la première cellule 502.The living being 114 thus passes, first, in front of the first detection window 504, 104 of each cell 502, 102, generating a first maximum 702 on the curve 602, and the second maximum 302 on the curve 310a. During the advance of the living being 114, the influence thereof is felt at the second detection window 106 of the second cell 102, represented here by the fall between the maximum 302 and the minimum 304. The minimum 304 then represents the moment when the living being 114 influences mainly the second detection window 106 of the second cell 102. During this passage from the maximum 302 to the minimum 304, the living being 114 leaves the cone of influence 506 of the first detection window 504, which generates a rapid variation (here, a fall) of the signal delivered by the first cell 502. At the end of the fast variation, the curve 310a, representing the signal of the second type, is at the level of the minimum 304, that is to say that the living being 114 is in front of the second detection window 106 of the second cell 102. Thus, determining the direction of passage of the living being 114 passing in front of the device 500, can be determined by analyzing the level of the electrical signal of the second type, when the living being 114 leaves the cone of influence 506 of the first detection window 504 of the first cell 502.

La Fig. 6b représente le passage d'un être vivant 114 dont la température extérieure est inférieure à celle du dispositif de comptage et de détermination du sens de passage 500, et qui passe devant ledit dispositif 500 dans le sens représenté par la flèche 300b.The Fig. 6b represents the passage of a living being 114 whose outside temperature is lower than that of the counting device and determining the direction of passage 500, and which passes in front of said device 500 in the direction represented by the arrow 300b.

La Fig. 6c représente le passage d'un être vivant 114 dont la température extérieure est supérieure à celle du dispositif de comptage et de détermination du sens de passage 500, et qui passe devant ledit dispositif 500 dans le sens représenté par la flèche 400a.The Fig. 6c represents the passage of a living being 114 whose outside temperature is greater than that of the counting device and determining the meaning passage 500, and which passes in front of said device 500 in the direction represented by the arrow 400a.

La Fig. 6d représente le passage d'un être vivant 114 dont la température extérieure est supérieure à celle du dispositif de comptage et de détermination du sens de passage 500, et qui passe devant ledit dispositif 500 dans le sens représenté par la flèche 400b.The Fig. 6d represents the passage of a living being 114 whose outside temperature is greater than that of the counting device and determining the direction of passage 500, and which passes in front of said device 500 in the direction represented by the arrow 400b.

Les Figs. 6b, 6c et 6d sont équivalente à la Fig. 6a, et chacune montre les variations du signal électrique du deuxième type qui sont coordonnées avec celles du signal électrique du premier type. En particulier, lorsque l'être vivant 114 quitte le cône d'influence 506 de la première fenêtre de détection 504, cela génère une variation rapide (une chute ou une montée) du signal délivré par la première cellule 502 et, à la fin de cette variation rapide, la courbe représentative du signal électrique du deuxième type 310b, 310c et 310d est au niveau du minimum 402 ou du maximum 302, 404, c'est-à-dire que l'être vivant 114 se situe devant la deuxième fenêtre de détection 106 de la deuxième cellule 102 ou devant la première fenêtre de détection 104 de la deuxième cellule 102.The Figs. 6b, 6c and 6d are equivalent to the Fig. 6a , and each shows the variations of the electrical signal of the second type which are coordinated with those of the electrical signal of the first type. In particular, when the living being 114 leaves the influence cone 506 of the first detection window 504, this generates a rapid variation (a fall or a rise) of the signal delivered by the first cell 502 and at the end of this rapid variation, the representative curve of the electrical signal of the second type 310b, 310c and 310d is at the minimum 402 or maximum 302, 404, that is to say that the living being 114 is in front of the second window detecting 106 of the second cell 102 or in front of the first detection window 104 of the second cell 102.

Ainsi, d'une manière générale, la détermination du sens de passage de l'être vivant 114 passant devant le dispositif 500, consiste à analyser le niveau du signal électrique du deuxième type au moment où l'être vivant 114 sort du cône de d'influence 506 de la première fenêtre de détection 504 de la première cellule 502. En d'autres termes, lorsque la masse thermique représentée par l'être vivant 114 quitte le cône d'influence 506 de la première fenêtre de détection 504 de la première cellule 502, le signal du premier type et, également, sa courbe représentative 602 ou 604, présentent un front montant ou descendant qui est net et très court temporellement. Cet instant représente alors un événement remarquable. L'analyse du signal du deuxième type à cet instant permet de déterminer le sens de passage de l'être vivant 114.Thus, in general, the determination of the direction of passage of the living being 114 passing in front of the device 500, consists of analyzing the level of the electrical signal of the second type at the moment when the living being 114 leaves the cone of d 506 of the first detection window 504 of the first cell 502. In other words, when the thermal mass represented by the living being 114 leaves the influence cone 506 of the first detection window 504 of the first cell 502, the signal of the first type and, also, its representative curve 602 or 604, have a rising or falling edge which is sharp and very short time. This moment represents a remarkable event. The analysis of the signal of the second type at this moment makes it possible to determine the direction of passage of the living being 114.

Bien entendu, la présente invention n'est pas limitée à l'exemple et au mode de réalisation décrits et représentés, mais elle est susceptible de nombreuses variantes accessibles à l'homme de l'art.Of course, the present invention is not limited to the example and the embodiment described and shown, but it is capable of many variants accessible to those skilled in the art.

Par exemple, les différentes courbes peuvent être différentes selon les caractéristiques des cellules utilisées et les caractéristiques des composants électroniques constituant l'unité de traitement. En particulier, les sens de variation peuvent être inversés.For example, the different curves may be different depending on the characteristics of the cells used and the characteristics of the electronic components constituting the processing unit. In particular, the directions of variation can be reversed.

Les courbes peuvent être également différentes si la première fenêtre de détection de la première cellule est alignée verticalement avec la deuxième fenêtre de détection de la deuxième cellule. Mais il existe toujours une correspondance entre le moment où l'être vivant 114 n'influence plus la première fenêtre de détection de la première cellule et le niveau du signal électrique du deuxième type.The curves may also be different if the first detection window of the first cell is aligned vertically with the second detection window of the second cell. But there is still a correspondence between the moment when the living being 114 no longer influences the first detection window of the first cell and the level of the electric signal of the second type.

Bien que l'invention soit plus particulièrement décrite dans le cas où la première fenêtre de détection 504 de la première cellule 502 est verticale, l'invention peut également fonctionner dans le cas où cette fenêtre de détection 504 est orientée horizontalement.Although the invention is more particularly described in the case where the first detection window 504 of the first cell 502 is vertical, the invention can also operate in the case where this detection window 504 is oriented horizontally.

Claims (4)

  1. Device for counting and determining the direction of passage (500) of living beings (114), comprising:
    - a first pyroelectric cell (502) adapted to deliver an electrical signal of a first type having a edge and representing the infrared radiation emitted by a living being (114) passing in front of the said first cell (502);
    - a second pyroelectric cell (102) of the type comprising a first detection window (104) and a second detection window (106), and adapted to deliver an electrical signal of a second type having a maximum and a minimum and representing the direction of passage of the living being (114) in front of the said second pyroelectric cell (102), the first cell (502) and the second pyroelectric cell (102) being one above the other; and
    - a processing unit adapted to determine firstly the number of living beings passing in front of the said device (500), by analysing the electrical signal of the first type and, secondly, the direction of passage of the living beings (114) passing in front of the said device (500) by analysing the time position of the rising or falling edge of the electrical signal of the first type with respect to the minimum and the maximum of the electrical signal of the second type.
  2. Device for counting and determining the direction of passage (500) according to claim 1, characterised in that the first cell (502) is a pyroelectric sensor (502) of the type comprising a first detection window (504) and a second obscured detection window.
  3. Device for counting and determining the direction of passage (500) according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that it comprises a cylindrical Fresnel lens (508) disposed in front of each cell (102, 502).
  4. Device for counting and determining the direction of passage (500) according to claim 3, characterised in that, for each cell (102, 502), the position of the focus of the Fresnel lens (508) is such that the infrared radiation emitted by each living being (114) is focussed substantially between the two detection windows (104, 106, 504) of the cell (102, 502) in question.
EP07711992.3A 2006-03-27 2007-03-22 Device for counting and determining the direction of passage of living beings Active EP2005396B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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FR0602665A FR2899003B1 (en) 2006-03-27 2006-03-27 DEVICE FOR COUNTING AND DETERMINING THE DIRECTION OF PASSAGE OF LIVING PARTIES
PCT/EP2007/002558 WO2007110193A1 (en) 2006-03-27 2007-03-22 Device for counting and determining the direction of passage of living beings

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EP2005396B1 true EP2005396B1 (en) 2018-07-18

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EP3349190A1 (en) * 2017-01-13 2018-07-18 Siemens Schweiz AG People counter
FR3086782B1 (en) 2018-09-27 2021-12-03 Aereco DEVICE AND METHOD FOR COUNTING PEOPLE
FR3088460A1 (en) 2018-11-09 2020-05-15 Jean-Claude Dubois MINIATURIZED FREQUENTATION CAPTURE DEVICE
FR3099591B1 (en) * 2019-07-31 2022-01-28 Dubois Jean Claude Miniaturized stereoscopic thermal sensor for automatic counting device
FR3115379B1 (en) 2020-10-16 2022-10-21 Eco Compteur Object counting device

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US4799243A (en) * 1987-09-01 1989-01-17 Otis Elevator Company Directional people counting arrangement

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US4000400A (en) * 1975-04-09 1976-12-28 Elder Clarence L Bidirectional monitoring and control system
JPS5563488A (en) * 1978-11-04 1980-05-13 Tanaka Bijinesu Mashinzu Kk Automatic descriminating and couting unit for number of entering and exiting personnel
FR2644269B1 (en) * 1989-03-07 1991-06-14 Farrugia Andre METHOD AND DEVICE FOR COUNTING AT A PRECISE LOCATION, THE CROSSINGS OF PEOPLE, ANIMALS, OR MISCELLANEOUS OBJECTS
DE4040811A1 (en) * 1990-12-14 1992-07-09 Iris Gmbh Infrared & Intellige DIRECTIONAL SELECTIVE COUNTING AND SWITCHING DEVICE
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CA2647747C (en) 2017-10-10
US8390461B2 (en) 2013-03-05
CA2647747A1 (en) 2007-10-04
FR2899003A1 (en) 2007-09-28
EP2005396A1 (en) 2008-12-24
AU2007229686A1 (en) 2007-10-04
FR2899003B1 (en) 2008-09-19
WO2007110193A1 (en) 2007-10-04
US20100225486A1 (en) 2010-09-09
AU2007229686B2 (en) 2012-05-24

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