EP1998402B1 - Feed system, in particular for receiving television or radio programming transmitted by satellite - Google Patents
Feed system, in particular for receiving television or radio programming transmitted by satellite Download PDFInfo
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- EP1998402B1 EP1998402B1 EP08008694.5A EP08008694A EP1998402B1 EP 1998402 B1 EP1998402 B1 EP 1998402B1 EP 08008694 A EP08008694 A EP 08008694A EP 1998402 B1 EP1998402 B1 EP 1998402B1
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- waveguide
- feed system
- horn
- housing
- converter housing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
- H01P1/16—Auxiliary devices for mode selection, e.g. mode suppression or mode promotion; for mode conversion
- H01P1/161—Auxiliary devices for mode selection, e.g. mode suppression or mode promotion; for mode conversion sustaining two independent orthogonal modes, e.g. orthomode transducer
Definitions
- the invention relates to a feed system according to the preamble of claim 1.
- Feed systems are commonly used to receive televisions and radio programs broadcast via geostationary-positioned satellites. In this case, analog or digitally broadcast programs can be received in such feed systems.
- Such feed systems include a so-called OMT, so called a so-called orthomode transducer (called in German Orthormenkoppler or polarization switch), the receiving side a horn, for example, a so-called grooved horn, which is usually at least slightly conical and compared to its opening area in a round in cross-section or, for example, square waveguide passes.
- OMT so-called a so-called orthomode transducer
- horn for example, a so-called grooved horn, which is usually at least slightly conical and compared to its opening area in a round in cross-section or, for example, square waveguide passes.
- the waveguide coupling pins are provided, namely a first coupling pin for receiving a radiated in a first polarization plane electromagnetic wave and another, offset thereto lying second coupling pin for receiving an electromagnetic wave which propagates in a plane perpendicular to the first plane of polarization second polarization plane.
- the electromagnetic wave of the first and second polarization plane can be coupled and fed to a downstream converter (LNB), in which a corresponding processing for frequency conversion of the satellite received signals.
- the LNB typically again includes a separate housing, i. a separate housing to the exciter system, which is mounted laterally or transversely to the waveguide of the OMT.
- Corresponding constructions are for example from EP 0 611 488 A1 (equals to WO 92/22938 A1 ) or the EP 0 815 611 B1 known.
- a generic pre-publication is from the US 2004/130406 A1 known.
- This prior publication describes a feed system, in particular for the reception of television and / or broadcast programs broadcast via satellite, with a waveguide and an associated converter with converter housing, wherein a corresponding printed circuit board is accommodated in the converter housing.
- a feed system which comprises two coupling pins, which are arranged parallel to each other. Between these coupling pins a lying in the same plane of the coupling pins reflector pin is provided. At the end of the short-circuited waveguide, a phase rotator is provided which rotates and reflects a plane of polarization left through 90o, which is why the closer to the waveguide end coupling pin can be arranged lying in the same plane as the remote coupling pin for receiving the first polarization plane.
- the circuit board of the converter which is housed in a box-shaped housing, be arranged laterally on the waveguide of the OMT, so that the coupling pins perpendicular to the Porterplatinenebene protrude through the housing of the LNB and protrude through corresponding openings in the waveguide of the OMT. Therefore, the corresponding construction of the lateral attachment, so the eccentric attachment of the LNB's side to the median plane of the waveguide is due.
- EP 0 853 348 A2 shows a further configuration in which the waveguide is arranged exiting on the front side of the housing.
- the decoupling pins are perpendicular to the printed circuit board and protrude perpendicular to each other in the waveguide.
- the waveguide attached laterally to the housing of the LNB is integrally formed with the corresponding housing plate of the LNB.
- the unitary housing construction basically has the same construction, such that the waveguide of the OMT is offset laterally relative to the housing receptacle connected in one piece therewith.
- twin horn which is constructed so that the distance between the central axes of the two waveguides are less than 55 mm to each other.
- this requires special designs, especially a special tool, if such a twin horn is to be produced as a casting.
- a multi antenna with several parallel arranged horn constructions and waveguides is also from the DE 20 2005 012 610 known.
- this prior publication describes only a very specific arrangement with very specific lateral center distances between the individual OMT's, which are only suitable for a specific multifeed reception for certain satellites geo-stationary positioned orbit.
- the predetermined axial distance is only optimal with respect to a particular position on the earth, at another point nearer or farther from the equator, the construction given here due to the lack of adjustment of the side distance of the individual waveguide leads to a deterioration of the received signal.
- Another converter for a feed system is from the EP 0 945 911 A1 known.
- This prior art feed system is used to receive satellite broadcast Television and / or radio programs and includes a waveguide on the input side is equipped with a horn. Further, a converter is provided with a one-piece housing, which is integrally connected to the waveguide and the horn. The housing comprises a chamber which extends transversely to the axial longitudinal direction of the waveguide and in this chamber a printed circuit board of the converter is housed.
- an angle-shaped first decoupling pin engages in the interior of the waveguide in a side view.
- the printed circuit board At right angles to the Auskoppelll extending support and angle section is perpendicular to the printed circuit board, which is arranged perpendicular to the central axis of the waveguide.
- the printed circuit board covers the open end of the waveguide, wherein on this circuit board then a second coupling pin perpendicular to the first coupling pin is provided.
- the printed circuit board runs in the laterally adjacent to the waveguide extending chamber, the printed circuit board completely covers the open end of the waveguide, so that opposite to the horn a cap can be screwed onto the waveguide, with a sandwich receiving the remote from the cap base printed circuit board section.
- the entire system should be designed to be safer so far, that the converter is better protected against external damage.
- a feed system with an associated horn, in particular grooved horn, and an OMT is proposed, which builds considerably narrower compared to conventional devices with very good reception performance.
- the overall width of the device housing, including the horn and the housing of the LNB's may have a width, for example, is less than 45 mm.
- the invention assumes that in order to achieve optimum reception in a comparatively small size of the waveguide and the housing of the converter are substantially formed as a one-piece housing.
- the invention proposes a comparatively long-sized cylindrical waveguide and a chamber for receiving the printed circuit board of the converter, which is separated from the waveguide.
- the printed circuit board does not cover the passage opening of the waveguide.
- Auskoppellle are held outside the waveguide to the circuit board and anchored and protrude through corresponding recesses from the outside through the above-mentioned recesses, holes or openings in the interior of the waveguide cross-section.
- the training is provided such that the printed circuit board with the pre-fixed Auskoppeljanen can be easily mounted so that the Auskoppeljane can then be inserted through the recesses provided in the waveguide during the assembly process, until they enter the interior of the Rise waveguide or come to rest there.
- the housing of the converter including the housing of the horn and the waveguide is made as a common casting.
- a structure can be realized, which allows a necessary demoulding. Only a separate housing cover is necessary to close the converter housing.
- This housing cover can be made as a casting or as a separate sheet metal part or in another suitable manner.
- two signal output pins can be designed as PCB pins. That is, in the waveguide tube of the waveguide only two openings are provided which form a connection to the housing interior of the LNB with the printed circuit board provided there, wherein the at least two Signalauskoppelringe, preferably in the form of two Porterplatinenzapfen project through this opening into the interior of the waveguide.
- FIG. 1 a first embodiment of the invention for a feed system 1 for receiving television and / or radio programs is shown, which are broadcast via a geostationary satellite.
- the feed system 1 has an overall housing 3, which consists at least predominantly of a cast part.
- the feed system 1 comprises a horn 5, which merges via a funnel-shaped tapering section into a waveguide 7, which is closed at one end opposite the horn 5 with a waveguide wall 9.
- This OMT Organic Metal-to-Metamiconductor
- This OMT Organic Metal-to-Metamiconductor
- the waveguide 7 will at least slightly taper from the cavity 5 to its waveguide end 9 in order to be able to perform demolding.
- the horn 5 is formed in the embodiment shown as a so-called groove horn 5 ', i. it comprises in the illustrated embodiment, three concentric grooves 5 ", which are arranged to form annular grooves 11, in such a way that from the outside inwards extending each concentric inner groove is offset in the direction of the subsequent waveguide 7. Thus leave prevent unwanted wall currents to avoid cross-polarization couplings.
- the housing tube of the waveguide 7 and the horn 5 are preferably part of the overall housing 3, which can be closed, for example, along a sectional plane 13 by means of a housing cover 3 '.
- the sectional plane 13 is arranged off-center in the embodiment shown in relation to the width B of the housing.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic front view and in Figure 3 is a schematic plan view of the embodiment according to FIG. 1 shown.
- the maximum width BH of the horn in the illustrated embodiment corresponds approximately to the width B of the converter housing 12.
- the central axis 7 'of the waveguide 7 and the horn 5 is arranged so that this central axis 7' in the median plane 15, which is located centrally and parallel to the large opposite side walls 12a and 12b of the converter housing 12, wherein the converter housing 12, as stated, is part of the overall housing 3 and the one large side wall 12b is substantially formed by the lid 3 '.
- a modification is shown insofar as the waveguide 7 quasi not positioned on the upper longitudinal or front side 12c and formed with the converter housing 12 as an integral overall housing, but quasi exits on the front side 12d of the converter housing 12 and in the forward projecting horn 5 passes.
- the waveguide 7, as it were is no longer directly recognizable from its contour towards the outside in the overall box-shaped converter housing 12, which thus simultaneously represents the overall housing.
- the arrangement is such that the central axis 7 'of the waveguide 7 and the horn 5 is located in the center plane 15, which is parallel and central to the side walls 12 a.
- the central axis 7 'of the waveguide 7 and the horn 5 can be arranged to the center plane 15 through the converter housing 12 with a small lateral offset S.
- this lateral offset S should be so small that, starting from a predetermined horn 5, which is optimized for receiving electromagnetic waves, and in particular groove horn 5 ', the overall width B of the overall housing 3 should not increase or substantially not, so preferably 45 mm and should be less, for example, less than 40 mm, for example, by 39 mm or even less should have.
- the central axis 7 'of the waveguide does not necessarily have to lie in the middle plane 15 parallel to the large side surfaces 12a of the converter housing.
- these deviations are preferably less than 20%, in particular less than 10%, or even less than 5% of the maximum outer diameter of the horn 5.
- FIG. 8 is now in schematic cross-sectional representation and in FIG. 9 in longitudinal section along the median plane 15, a first embodiment in a schematic detail view reproduced.
- a printed circuit board 19 is disposed in the chamber 20, that is, in the chamber 20, which is formed by the converter housing 12.
- the printed circuit board 19 preferably accommodates the entire circuit arrangement for the converter circuit (LNB).
- FIG. 9 shows, in the axial longitudinal direction of the waveguide 7 between the two freely projecting Auskoppelstatten 22 and 23 in the same plane as the coupling pins 22, 23, a reflector 27 in the form of a reflector pin 27 'is arranged.
- a phase rotator 31 is still provided, which reflects the second plane of polarization in the reflection at the waveguide end 9, ie on the waveguide wall 9, 90o, so that these perpendicular to the first plane of polarization electromagnetic wave about the waveguide end closer standing second coupling pin 23 can be coupled out.
- the aforementioned reflector 27 serves to ensure that the first polarization decoupled from the first decoupling pin can not run beyond the reflector to the reflector end, but only the polarization plane perpendicular to the first coupling pin is allowed to pass therethrough.
- the distance between the first decoupling pin 22 and the reflector 27 and between the reflector 27 and the second decoupling pin 23 is usually ⁇ / 4, where ⁇ represents the operating wavelength with respect to the frequency spectrum to be received, preferably the average operating wavelength.
- a total of compact overall housing 3 especially if, as mentioned, as a waveguide 9 is not a circular waveguide, but a square in cross section waveguide is used. Because the edge length of the approximately square in cross-section waveguide 7 is much smaller than the diameter of the top view in round groove horn 5 ', so that in this case in addition to the in this case preferably straight side wall 7' of the waveguide 7 and the adjacent housing cover 3 'of the overall housing 3 enough space for the accommodation of the printed circuit board 19 remains.
- the converter housing 12 may be formed slightly conically diverging in its side walls, so that a trouble-free removal is possible.
- the waveguide 7 is also slightly tapered towards its waveguide end in order to allow a corresponding removal from the mold.
- a one-piece cast housing of a feed arrangement with marginal OMT can be realized in a highly compact design.
- the maximum outer diameter of the waveguide 7 or especially the maximum outer diameter of the horn 5 and in particular of the groove horn 5 'a measure which preferably corresponds to the thickness of the converter housing 12 or thus the thickness of the overall housing 3, ie when viewed perpendicular to the center plane 15, which is parallel to the larger side surfaces or parallel to the orientation of the lid 3' ,
- the dimensioning is preferably such that the diameter of the waveguide 7 and in particular of the horn 5 perpendicular to the center plane of the thickness of Housing 12 and the overall housing 3 or this thickness of the overall housing less than 120% and in particular less than 115% or 110% of the corresponding thickness of the horn or the waveguide makes transverse to the center plane.
- the grooved horn without surrounding housing have a diameter of, for example, 40 mm and less, for example 39 mm.
- the grooved horn can have a diameter of almost 45 mm.
- This width preferably corresponds to the width of the feed system housing. That is, the width of the feed system housing in this case corresponds to almost 150% of the Wellenhorn diameter.
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Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Speisesystem nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruches 1.The invention relates to a feed system according to the preamble of
Speisesysteme werden üblicherweise zum Empfang von über geostationär positionierte Satelliten ausgestrahlten Fernseh- und Hörfunkprogrammen benutzt. Dabei können bei derartigen Speisesystemen analog oder digital ausgestrahlte Programme empfangen werden.Feed systems are commonly used to receive televisions and radio programs broadcast via geostationary-positioned satellites. In this case, analog or digitally broadcast programs can be received in such feed systems.
Derartige Speisesysteme umfassen ein sogenanntes OMT, also einen sogenannten Orthomode-Transducer (im Deutschen auch Orthomodenkoppler oder Polarisations-Weiche genannt), der empfangsseitig ein Horn, beispielsweise ein sogenanntes Rillenhorn, aufweist, welches üblicherweise zumindest leicht konisch gestaltet ist und gegenüber seinem Öffnungsbereich in einen im Querschnitt runden oder beispielsweise quadratischen Hohlleiter übergeht.Such feed systems include a so-called OMT, so called a so-called orthomode transducer (called in German Orthormenkoppler or polarization switch), the receiving side a horn, for example, a so-called grooved horn, which is usually at least slightly conical and compared to its opening area in a round in cross-section or, for example, square waveguide passes.
In dem Hohlleiter sind Koppelstifte vorgesehen, nämlich ein erster Koppelstift zum Empfang einer in einer ersten Polarisationsebene ausgestrahlten elektromagnetischen Welle und ein weiterer, versetzt dazu liegender zweiter Koppelstift zum Empfang einer elektromagnetischen Welle, die sich in einer zur ersten Polarisationsebene senkrecht stehenden zweiten Polarisationsebene ausbreitet. Über diese Koppelstifte kann die elektromagnetische Welle der ersten und zweiten Polarisationsebene ausgekoppelt und einem nachgeschalteten Konverter (LNB) zugeführt werden, in welchem eine entsprechende Aufbereitung zur Frequenzumsetzung der Satelliten-Empfangssignale erfolgt. Der LNB umfasst dazu in der Regel wiederum ein separates Gehäuse, d.h. ein zum Erregersystem getrenntes Gehäuse, welches seitlich oder quer zum Hohlleiter des OMT angebaut ist.In the waveguide coupling pins are provided, namely a first coupling pin for receiving a radiated in a first polarization plane electromagnetic wave and another, offset thereto lying second coupling pin for receiving an electromagnetic wave which propagates in a plane perpendicular to the first plane of polarization second polarization plane. About this coupling pins, the electromagnetic wave of the first and second polarization plane can be coupled and fed to a downstream converter (LNB), in which a corresponding processing for frequency conversion of the satellite received signals. The LNB typically again includes a separate housing, i. a separate housing to the exciter system, which is mounted laterally or transversely to the waveguide of the OMT.
Entsprechende Konstruktionen sind beispielsweise aus der
Eine gattungsbildende Vorveröffentlichung ist aus der
In das Innere des Hohlleiters ragen dabei zwei Auskoppelstifte, worüber die elektromagnetischen Wellen empfangbar sind, die vom Satelliten in zwei senkrecht zueinander stehenden Polarisationsebenen ausgestrahlt werden. Die Auskoppelstifte durchragen dabei Ausnehmungen im Material des Hohlleiters und sind mechanisch und elektrisch mit der im Konverter vorgesehenen Leiterplatine verbunden und darüber gehalten.In the interior of the waveguide thereby protrude two Auskoppelstifte what about the electromagnetic waves receivable are emitted by the satellite in two mutually perpendicular polarization planes. The Auskoppelstifte protrude through recesses in the material of the waveguide and are mechanically and electrically connected to the circuit board provided in the converter and held it.
Ferner ist aus der
Eine insoweit vergleichbare oder ähnliche Lösung ist auch aus der
Es sind auch schon Konstruktionen bekannt geworden, bei denen der seitlich an dem Gehäuse des LNB angebrachte Hohlleiter mit der entsprechenden Gehäuseplatte des LNB einstückig ausgebildet ist. Gleichwohl weist die einheitliche Gehäuseausbildung grundsätzlich den gleichen Aufbau auf, derart, dass der Hohlleiter des OMT zu der damit einstückig verbundenen Gehäuseaufnahme seitlich versetzt liegt.Constructions have also become known in which the waveguide attached laterally to the housing of the LNB is integrally formed with the corresponding housing plate of the LNB. Nevertheless, the unitary housing construction basically has the same construction, such that the waveguide of the OMT is offset laterally relative to the housing receptacle connected in one piece therewith.
Durch diese Gesamtanordnung ergibt sich ein vergleichsweise breiter Gesamtaufbau, der bedingt ist durch den Durchmesser des Rillenhorns, der typischerweise eine Durchmessergröße von 55 mm und mehr aufweist. Durch die seitliche Positionierung des Gehäuses des LNB's im Verhältnis zur Zentralachse des Hohlleiters kann sich eine nochmalige Verbreiterung der gesamten Speiseanordnung ergeben. Bekannte Speisesysteme weisen von daher eine Gesamtgehäusebreite von ca. 60 mm bis 70 mm und mehr auf.Through this overall arrangement results in a comparatively broad overall structure, which is due to the diameter of the grooved horn, which typically has a diameter size of 55 mm and more. Due to the lateral positioning of the housing of the LNB in relation to the central axis of the waveguide, a further broadening of the entire feed arrangement may result. Known feed systems therefore have a total housing width of about 60 mm to 70 mm and more.
Darüber hinaus ist bereits ein Speisesystem mit einem OMT bekannt geworden, welches anstelle eines herkömmlichen Horns oder Rillenhorns ein dielektrisches Horn mit geringerem Durchmesser vorsieht. Dadurch wird aber eine geringe Verschlechterung des Empfangspegels der Empfangssignale verursacht. Durch die seitliche Anbringung am Gehäuse des LNB ist gleichwohl der Gesamtaufbau immer noch vergleichsweise groß.In addition, a feed system has already become known with an OMT which provides a smaller diameter dielectric horn instead of a conventional horn or grooved horn. However, this causes a slight deterioration of the reception level of the reception signals. By the lateral attachment nevertheless, the overall structure of the housing of the LNB is still comparatively large.
Sofern derartige Speisesysteme für einen MultifeedEmpfang benutzt werden sollen, erfordert dies Parabolspiegel oder sogenannte Offsetspiegel mit einem Mindestdurchmesser von 80 cm.If such feed systems are to be used for multifeed reception, this requires parabolic mirrors or so-called offset mirrors with a minimum diameter of 80 cm.
Von daher ist auch schon versucht worden, ein sogenanntes Zwillingshorn zu entwickeln, das so aufgebaut ist, dass der Abstand der Zentralachsen der beiden Hohlleiter in einem geringeren Maß als 55 mm zueinander liegen. Dies erfordert aber Spezialkonstruktionen, insbesondere ein Spezialwerkzeug, wenn ein derartiges Zwillingshorn als Gussteil hergestellt werden soll.Therefore, it has also been tried to develop a so-called twin horn, which is constructed so that the distance between the central axes of the two waveguides are less than 55 mm to each other. However, this requires special designs, especially a special tool, if such a twin horn is to be produced as a casting.
Eine Multiantenne mit mehreren parallel zueinander angeordneten Hornkonstruktionen und Hohlleitern ist auch aus der
An dem zum Horn gegenüberliegenden an sich offenen Ende des Hohlleiters greift ein in Seitenansicht winkelförmiger erster Auskoppelstift in das Innere des Hohlleiters. Der zum Auskoppelstift rechtwinklig verlaufende Trag- und Winkelabschnitt steht senkrecht auf der Leiterplatine, die senkrecht zur Zentralachse des Hohlleiters angeordnet ist. Die Leiterplatine überdeckt dabei das offene Ende des Hohlleiters, wobei auf dieser Leiterplatine dann ein zweiter zum ersten Ankoppelstift senkrecht ausgerichteter zweiter Koppelstift vorgesehen ist.At the end of the waveguide, which is opposite to the horn, an angle-shaped first decoupling pin engages in the interior of the waveguide in a side view. At right angles to the Auskoppelstift extending support and angle section is perpendicular to the printed circuit board, which is arranged perpendicular to the central axis of the waveguide. The printed circuit board covers the open end of the waveguide, wherein on this circuit board then a second coupling pin perpendicular to the first coupling pin is provided.
Wie erwähnt, läuft die Leiterplatine in der seitlich neben dem Hohlleiter verlaufenden Kammer, wobei die Leiterplatine das offene Ende des Hohlleiters völlig überdeckt, so dass gegenüberliegend zum Horn eine Abschlusskappe auf den Hohlleiter aufgeschraubt werden kann, und zwar unter sandwichförmiger Aufnahme des vom Kappenboden entfernt liegenden Leiterplatinenabschnittes.As mentioned, the printed circuit board runs in the laterally adjacent to the waveguide extending chamber, the printed circuit board completely covers the open end of the waveguide, so that opposite to the horn a cap can be screwed onto the waveguide, with a sandwich receiving the remote from the cap base printed circuit board section.
Ferner ist eine Entsprechung dieses Speisesystems auch aus der
In der Ebene der Leiterplatine liegend ragen über den Rand der Leiterplatine zwei Stift-Konstruktion vor, an denen jeweils senkrecht zueinander verlaufende Auskoppelstifte ausgebildet sind. Diese Auskoppelstifte werden dann einzeln in der Leiterplatine in das freie Ende des Hohlleiters in dessen Axialrichtung eingeführt. Die Auskoppelstifte sitzen dann im geringen Abstand in Axialrichtung des Hohlleiters benachbart zueinander.Lying in the plane of the printed circuit board protrude beyond the edge of the printed circuit board two pin construction, on each of which mutually perpendicular Auskoppelstifte are formed. These Auskoppelstifte are then introduced individually in the printed circuit board in the free end of the waveguide in the axial direction. The Auskoppelstifte then sit at a small distance in the axial direction of the waveguide adjacent to each other.
Demgegenüber ist es Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, ein verbessertes Speisesystem zu schaffen, welches einen Multifeedempfang auch bei kleineren Parabolspiegeln, insbesondere Offsetspiegeln, erlaubt. Dabei soll das gesamte System insoweit sicherer aufgebaut sein, dass der Konverter besser vor einem externen Schaden geschützt ist.In contrast, it is an object of the present invention to provide an improved feed system, which allows a multifeed reception even with smaller parabolic mirrors, in particular offset mirrors. The entire system should be designed to be safer so far, that the converter is better protected against external damage.
Die Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß entsprechend den im Anspruch 1 angegebenen Merkmalen gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben.The object is achieved according to the features specified in
Im Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung wird ein Speisesystem mit einem zugehörigen Horn, insbesondere Rillenhorn, und einem OMT vorgeschlagen, welches bei sehr guter Empfangsleistung gegenüber herkömmlichen Einrichtungen deutlich schmäler baut. Die Gesamtbreite des Vorrichtungsgehäuses einschließlich des Horns und des Gehäuses des LNB's kann dabei eine Breite aufweisen, die beispielsweise unter 45 mm liegt. Dadurch ist dieses Speisesystem multifeedtauglich, beispielsweise für den Empfang von Programmen, die über den Astra-Satelliten (19,2o Ost) und den Satelliten Hotbird (13o Ost) ausgestrahlt werden, und dies bei Verwendung eines Spiegeldurchmessers (Parabolantenne) von lediglich 60 cm. Bei vergleichbaren Speisesystemen nach dem Stand der Technik - die deutlich breiter bauen - war dies nur möglich, wenn größere Spiegel verwendet werden (von beispielsweise mindestens 80 cm), da in diesem Falle die Zentren der Speisesysteme (des Horns und des Hohlleiters) im größeren seitlichen Abstand zueinander liegen. Demgegenüber kann im Rahmen der Erfindung sogar ein vierfacher Multifeedempfang mit einer Satellitenantenne mit einem Durchmesser von lediglich 60 cm durchgeführt werden, um beispielsweise Programme der Satelliten Hotbird (13o Ost), Astra (19,2o Ost), Astra (23,5o Ost) und Astra (28,2o Ost) zu empfangen.In the context of the present invention, a feed system with an associated horn, in particular grooved horn, and an OMT is proposed, which builds considerably narrower compared to conventional devices with very good reception performance. The overall width of the device housing, including the horn and the housing of the LNB's may have a width, for example, is less than 45 mm. This is the feed system Suitable for multimedia, for example for the reception of programs transmitted via the Astra satellite (19.2o East) and the Hotbird satellite (13o East) using a mirror diameter (parabolic antenna) of only 60 cm. In comparable feed systems of the prior art - which build significantly wider - this was only possible if larger mirrors are used (for example, at least 80 cm), since in this case the centers of the feed systems (the horn and the waveguide) in the larger lateral Distance from each other. In contrast, within the scope of the invention even a fourfold multifeed reception can be performed with a satellite antenna with a diameter of only 60 cm, for example programs of the satellites Hotbird (13o east), Astra (19.2o east), Astra (23.5o east) and Astra (28,2o East) to receive.
Ähnlich wie im Stand der Technik, insbesondere ähnlich zum gattungsbildenden Stand der Technik, geht die Erfindung davon aus, dass zur Erzielung eines optimalen Empfangs bei vergleichsweise geringer Baugröße der Hohlleiter und das Gehäuse des Konverters im Wesentlichen als einteiliges Gehäuse ausgebildet sind. Allerdings wird erfindungsgemäß ein vergleichweise lang dimensionierter zylinderförmiger Hohlleiter und eine Kammer zur Aufnahme der Leiterplatine des Konverters vorgeschlagen, die von dem Hohlleiter getrennt ist. Mit anderen Worten deckt die Leiterplatine die Durchtrittsöffnung des Hohlleiters nicht ab.Similar to the prior art, in particular similar to the generic state of the art, the invention assumes that in order to achieve optimum reception in a comparatively small size of the waveguide and the housing of the converter are substantially formed as a one-piece housing. However, the invention proposes a comparatively long-sized cylindrical waveguide and a chamber for receiving the printed circuit board of the converter, which is separated from the waveguide. In other words, the printed circuit board does not cover the passage opening of the waveguide.
Es ist ferner vorgesehen, dass die Auskoppelstifte außerhalb des Hohlleiters an der Leiterplatine gehalten und verankert sind und über entsprechende Ausnehmungen von außen her durch die vorstehend erwähnten Ausnehmungen, Bohrungen oder Durchbrechungen in das Innere des Hohlleiterquerschnittes hineinragen.It is further provided that the Auskoppelstifte are held outside the waveguide to the circuit board and anchored and protrude through corresponding recesses from the outside through the above-mentioned recesses, holes or openings in the interior of the waveguide cross-section.
Dabei ist erfindungsgemäß ferner vorgesehen, dass die Ausbildung derart vorgesehen ist, dass die Leiterplatine mit dem darauf vorfixierten Auskoppelstiften problemlos so montiert werden kann, dass die Auskoppelstifte während des Montagevorganges dann durch die im Hohlleiter vorgesehenen Ausnehmungen eingesteckt werden können, bis sie in das Innere des Hohlleiters ragen bzw. dort zu liegen kommen.It is further provided according to the invention that the training is provided such that the printed circuit board with the pre-fixed Auskoppelstiften can be easily mounted so that the Auskoppelstifte can then be inserted through the recesses provided in the waveguide during the assembly process, until they enter the interior of the Rise waveguide or come to rest there.
Dies kann gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung durch parallel zueinander verlaufende in Axialrichtung des Hohlleiters versetzt liegende Auskoppelstifte realisiert werden, die parallel und in der Ebene der Leiterplatine liegend angeordnet sind, wobei die beiden Auskoppelstifte durch zwei Ausnehmungen in das Innere des Hohlleiters ragen.This can be realized according to the present invention by mutually offset in the axial direction of the waveguide offset Auskoppelstifte, which are arranged lying parallel and in the plane of the printed circuit board, wherein the two Auskoppelstifte protrude through two recesses in the interior of the waveguide.
Dadurch lässt sich also bei einfacher Montage ein optimal gestaltetes Speisesystem realisieren, das höchst schmal aufgebaut sein kann.As a result, an optimally designed feed system, which can be designed to be extremely narrow, can thus be realized with simple assembly.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist dabei das Gehäuse des Konverters einschließlich des Gehäuses des Horns und des Hohlleiters als gemeinsames Gussteil hergestellt. Dabei lässt sich ein Aufbau realisieren, der eine notwendige Entformung zulässt. Lediglich ein separater Gehäusedeckel ist notwendig, um das Konvertergehäuse zu schließen. Auch dieser Gehäusedeckel kann als Gussteil oder auch als separates Blechteil oder in anderer geeigneter Weise hergestellt sein.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the housing of the converter, including the housing of the horn and the waveguide is made as a common casting. In this case, a structure can be realized, which allows a necessary demoulding. Only a separate housing cover is necessary to close the converter housing. This housing cover can be made as a casting or as a separate sheet metal part or in another suitable manner.
Als günstig erweist sich ferner, dass in einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform zwei Signalauskoppelstifte als Leiterplattenzapfen ausgeführt sein können. D.h., dass im Hohlleiterrohr des Hohlleiters lediglich zwei Durchbrechungen vorgesehen sind, die eine Verbindung zum Gehäuseinnenraum des LNB mit der dort vorgesehenen Leiterplatine bilden, wobei die zumindest beiden Signalauskoppelstifte, vorzugsweise in Form zweier Leiterplatinenzapfen durch diese Öffnung hindurch in das Innere des Hohlleiters ragen.As low proves further that in a preferred embodiment, two signal output pins can be designed as PCB pins. That is, in the waveguide tube of the waveguide only two openings are provided which form a connection to the housing interior of the LNB with the printed circuit board provided there, wherein the at least two Signalauskoppelstifte, preferably in the form of two Leiterplatinenzapfen project through this opening into the interior of the waveguide.
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert dabei zeigen im Einzelnen:
- Figur 1:
- eine schematische perspektivische Ansicht eines ersten Ausführungsbeispiels der Erfindung;
- Figur 2:
- eine frontseitige Ansicht auf das
Ausführungsbeispiel nach Figur 1 ; - Figur 3:
- eine Draufsicht auf das
Ausführungsbeispiel nach Figur 1 und2 ; - Figur 4:
- eine abgewandelte perspektivische Ansicht eines weiteren Ausführungsbeispiels;
- Figur 5:
- eine Frontansicht auf das Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß
Figur 4 ; - Figur 6:
- eine Draufsicht auf das Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß
Figur 4 und5 ; - Figur 7:
- eine Frontansicht eines nochmals abgewandelten Ausführungsbeispiels mit außermittig angebrachtem Hohlleiter im Verhältnis zum Gehäuse des Konverters;
- Figur 8:
- ein im weiteren Detail gezeigtes Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung mit zwei parallelen Auskoppelstiften für zwei Polarisationen, die als verlängerte Zapfen einer Gesamtleiterplatte ausgebildet sind; und
- Figur 9:
- eine entsprechende Darstellung bezüglich der Ausführungsform nach
Figur 8 , und zwar mit einem Blick senkrecht auf die Leiterplatine.
- FIG. 1:
- a schematic perspective view of a first embodiment of the invention;
- FIG. 2:
- a front view of the embodiment according to
FIG. 1 ; - FIG. 3:
- a plan view of the embodiment according to
FIG. 1 and2 ; - FIG. 4:
- a modified perspective view of another embodiment;
- FIG. 5:
- a front view of the embodiment according to
FIG. 4 ; - FIG. 6:
- a plan view of the embodiment according to
FIG. 4 and5 ; - FIG. 7:
- a front view of a further modified embodiment with eccentrically mounted waveguide in relation to the housing of the converter;
- FIG. 8:
- an embodiment of the invention shown in further detail with two parallel Auskoppelstiften for two polarizations, which are formed as elongated pins of a Gesamtleiterplatte; and
- FIG. 9:
- a corresponding representation with respect to the embodiment according to
FIG. 8 , with a view perpendicular to the printed circuit board.
In
Das Speisesystem 1 weist ein Gesamtgehäuse 3 auf, welches zumindest überwiegend aus einem Gussteil besteht.The
Das Speisesystem 1 umfasst dazu ein Horn 5, welches über einen sich trichterförmig verjüngenden Abschnitt in einen Hohlleiter 7 übergeht, der an einem Ende gegenüberliegend zum Horn 5 mit einer Hohlleiterwand 9 verschlossen ist.For this purpose, the
Dieses OMT (Orthomode Transducer) mit dem Horn 5 und mit dem Hohlleiter 7 und mit der Hohlleiterabschlusswand am Ende des Hohlleiters 7 ist bevorzugt als Gussteil gefertigt. Von daher wird sich der Hohlleiter 7 vom Hohlraum 5 zumindest geringfügigst zu seinem Hohlleiterende 9 hin verjüngen, um eine Entformung durchführen zu können.This OMT (Orthomode Transducer) with the
Das Horn 5 ist im gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel als sogenanntes Rillenhorn 5' ausgebildet, d.h. es umfasst im gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel drei konzentrisch zueinander verlaufende Rillen 5", die unter Ausbildung von ringförmigen Nuten 11 angeordnet sind, und zwar derart, dass von außen nach innen verlaufend die jeweils konzentrisch innen liegende Rille in Richtung des anschließenden Hohlleiters 7 versetzt liegt. Dadurch lassen sich unerwünschte Wandströme unterbinden, um Kreuzpolarisations-Verkopplungen zu vermeiden.The
Das Gehäuserohr des Hohlleiters 7 und das Horn 5 sind bevorzugt Teil des Gesamtgehäuses 3, welches beispielsweise längs einer Schnittebene 13 mittels eines Gehäusedeckels 3' verschlossen werden kann. Die Schnittebene 13 ist im gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel bezogen auf die Breite B des Gehäuses außermittig angeordnet.The housing tube of the
In
Bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß den
Anhand von
Anhand von
Daraus ist zu ersehen, dass etwa mittig, also in Höhe der Mittelebene 15, eine Leiterplatine 19 in der Kammer 20 angeordnet ist, also in der Kammer 20, die von dem Konvertergehäuse 12 gebildet ist. Die Leiterplatine 19 nimmt dabei bevorzugt die gesamte Schaltungsanordnung für die Konverterschaltung (LNB) auf.It can be seen that approximately centrally, ie at the level of the
An der dem Hohlleiter 7 zugewandt liegenden Kante 19' der Leiterplatine 19 stehen im Abstand zwei Auskoppelstifte 22 und 23 axial über, die über entsprechende Bohrungen 24 und 25 in das Innere des Hohlleiters 7 hineinragen. Mit anderen Worten liegen also die Auskoppelstifte 22 und 23 in der Ebene der Leiterplatine 19, d.h. im gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel ebenfalls in der Mittelebene 15 oder zumindest parallel dazu und kommen mittig, d.h. radial im Hohlleiter zu liegen.At the
Wie sich insbesondere aus
Am Ende des Hohlleiters ist noch ein Phasendreher 31 vorgesehen, der die zweite Polarisationsebene bei der Reflektion am Hohlleiterende 9, also an der Hohlleiterwand 9, um 90o reflektiert, so dass auch diese an sich senkrecht zur ersten Polarisationsebene stehende elektromagnetische Welle über den dem Hohlleiterende näher stehenden zweiten Koppelstift 23 ausgekoppelt werden kann. Der erwähnte Reflektor 27 dient dazu, dass die am ersten Auskoppelstift ausgekoppelte erste Polarisation nicht über den Reflektor hinaus zum Reflektorende laufen kann, sondern am Reflektor nur die zum ersten Koppelstift senkrecht stehende Polarisationsebene hindurch gelassen wird.At the end of the waveguide, a
Der Abstand zwischen dem ersten Auskoppelstift 22 und dem Reflektor 27 sowie zwischen dem Reflektor 27 un dem zweiten Auskoppelstift 23 beträgt üblicherweise λ/4, wobei λ die Betriebswellenlänge bezüglich des zu empfangenden Frequenzspektrums, vorzugsweise die mittlere Betriebswellenlänge darstellt.The distance between the
Bezüglich Funktionsweise und Aufbau eines derartigen Hohlleiters mit Auskoppeleinrichtung wird beispielsweise auf die bereits einleitend erwähnten Vorveröffentlichungen
Bei den erläuterten Ausführungsvarianten ist es möglich, ein insgesamt kompaktes Gesamtgehäuse 3 zu schaffen, vor allem dann, wenn, wie erwähnt, als Hohlleiter 9 nicht ein kreisrunder Hohlleiter, sondern ein im Querschnitt quadratischer Hohlleiter verwendet wird. Denn die Kantenlänge des im Querschnitt etwa quadratischen Hohlleiters 7 ist sehr viel geringer als der Durchmesser des in Draufsicht runden Rillenhornes 5', so dass insoweit neben der in diesem Falle bevorzugt gerade verlaufenden Seitenwand 7' des Hohlleiters 7 und dem angrenzenden Gehäusedeckel 3' des Gesamtgehäuses 3 genügend Platz für die Unterbringung der Leiterplatine 19 verbleibt.In the illustrated embodiments, it is possible to provide a total of compact
Bei dem geschilderten Aufbau kann insbesondere das Konvertergehäuse 12 in seinen Seitenwänden leicht konisch divergierend ausgebildet sein, so dass ein problemloses Entformen möglich ist. Wie erwähnt, ist dabei auch der Hohlleiter 7 zu seinem Hohlleiterende hin leicht verjüngend ausgestaltet, um auch hier ein entsprechendes Entformen zu erlauben.In the described structure, in particular, the converter housing 12 may be formed slightly conically diverging in its side walls, so that a trouble-free removal is possible. As already mentioned, the
Somit lässt sich in höchst kompakter Bauweise ein einteiliges Gussgehäuse einer Speiseanordnung mit randständigem OMT realisieren.Thus, a one-piece cast housing of a feed arrangement with marginal OMT can be realized in a highly compact design.
Wie aus der Schilderung hervorgeht, weist also der maximalen Außendurchmesser des Hohlleiters 7 oder vor allem auch der maximale Außendurchmesser des Horns 5 und insbesondere des Rillenhorns 5' ein Maß auf, welches bevorzugt der Dicke des Konvertergehäuses 12 oder damit auch der Dicke des Gesamtgehäuses 3 entspricht, also bei einer Betrachtung senkrecht zur Mittenebene 15, die parallel zu den größeren Seitenflächen bzw. parallel zur Ausrichtung des Deckels 3' verläuft. Insbesondere dann, wenn mehrere derartige Speisesysteme sehr dicht nebeneinander angeordnet sind und deshalb das Horn in einer Ebene senkrecht zur Mittenebene seitliche Abflachungen aufweisen sollte, ist die Bemessung bevorzugt derart, dass das Durchmessermaß des Hohlleiters 7 und insbesondere des Horns 5 senkrecht zur Mittenebene der Dicke des Gehäuses 12 bzw. des Gesamtgehäuses 3 entspricht oder aber diese Dicke des Gesamtgehäuses weniger als 120% und insbesondere weniger als 115% oder 110% der entsprechenden Dicke des Horns oder des Hohlleiters quer zur Mittenebene ausmacht. So kann beispielsweise das Rillenhorn ohne Umgehäuse einen Durchmesser von beispielsweise 40 mm und weniger, beispielsweise 39 mm aufweisen. Mit Umgehäuse (Radom) kann das Rillenhorn einen Durchmesser von knapp 45 mm aufweisen. Dieser Breite entspricht bevorzugt die Breite des Speisesystem-Gehäuses. D.h. die Breite des Speisesystem-Gehäuses entspricht in diesem Falle knapp 150% des Wellenhorn-Durchmessers.As can be seen from the description, therefore, has the maximum outer diameter of the
Schließlich wird auch angemerkt, dass sich beispielsweise bezüglich der in Frage kommenden Hohlleiter-Querschnitte für den entsprechend genutzten Frequenzbereich sich z.B. bei Verwendung eines quadratischen Hohlleiters (also mit einem quadratischen Durchmesser) eine innere Kantenlänge von etwa ca. 15 mm und bei Verwendung eines im Querschnitt runden Hohlleiters ein Innendurchmesser von ca. 17,5 mm ergibt. Dies heißt, dass bei Verwendung eines Hohlleiters mit quadratischem Querschnitt sich nochmals ein Bauraum von 2,5 mm einsparen lässt. Diese Dimensionsangaben lassen sich insbesondere dann erzielen, wenn beispielsweise das Speisesystem zum Empfang eines Frequenzbereiches von 10,7 GHz bis 12,75 GHz vorgesehen bzw. ausgelegt ist. Ähnliche Verhältnisse ergeben sich allerdings auch bei anderen Frequenzbereichen. Finally, it is also noted that, for example, with respect to the candidate waveguide cross sections for the corresponding frequency range used, for example, when using a square waveguide (ie with a square diameter) an inner edge length of about 15 mm and when using a cross section round waveguide gives an inner diameter of about 17.5 mm. This means that when used a waveguide with a square cross-section can be saved again a space of 2.5 mm. These dimensions can be achieved in particular if, for example, the feed system is provided or designed to receive a frequency range from 10.7 GHz to 12.75 GHz. Similar conditions, however, also arise in other frequency ranges.
Claims (13)
- Feed system, in particular for receiving television and/or radio programmes that are broadcasted via satellite, comprising the following features:- a waveguide (7),- the waveguide (7) is equipped with a horn (5) at the input, preferably a corrugated horn (5'),- the waveguide (7) and the horn (5, 5') have the same central axis (7'),- a converter (LNB) which is accommodated in a converter housing (12),- the converter housing (12) comprises two opposing lateral walls (12a, 12b), a front face (12d) and a longitudinal or end face (12c), the front face (12d) being positioned perpendicularly to the lateral walls (12a, 12b), and the central axis (7') of the horn (5, 5') being positioned such that the input side of the waveguide (7) points in the same direction as the front face (12d), and the longitudinal or end face (12c) being positioned perpendicularly to the lateral walls (12a, 12b) and in parallel with the central axis (7') of the horn (5, 5'),- the converter housing (12) comprises a mid-plane (15) which extends in the middle of and in parallel with the two opposing lateral walls (12a, 12b) of the converter housing (12),- the thickness of the converter housing (12) perpendicular to the mid-plane (15) is less than 120 % or 110 %, preferably 100 %, of the maximum diameter of the waveguide (7),- the converter housing (12) comprises a chamber (20) in which a printed circuit board (19) of the converter (LNB) is accommodated,- the waveguide (7) is positioned so as to longitudinally extend outside the converter housing (12) on the longitudinal or end face (12c) of the converter housing (12), or is positioned at least in part inside the converter housing (12) and emerges at the front face (12d) of the converter housing,- the central axis (7') of the waveguide (7) and of the horn (5) has a lateral offset (S) from the mid-plane (15) of 45 mm or less,- two decoupling pins (22, 23) which are arranged in parallel with one another and protrude into the waveguide (7) through recesses (24, 25) in the material of the waveguide (7), by means of which electromagnetic waves can be received, which electromagnetic waves are broadcasted by satellites in two perpendicular polarisation planes,- the decoupling pins (22, 23) are mechanically and electrically connected to the printed circuit board (19) and held thereby,characterised by the following additional features:- the waveguide (7) and the converter housing (12) are formed as a single-piece complete housing (3),- the printed circuit board (19) is attached in parallel with the mid-plane (15),- the arrangement is such that the two decoupling pins (22, 23) are arranged in the plane of the printed circuit board (19).
- Feed system according to claim 1, characterised in that the converter housing (12), which forms a portion of the complete housing (3), is formed having wall portions (12a, 12b, 12c, 12d) which diverge conically slightly in order to be removed from the mould, and can be closed along an interface (13) using a cover (3').
- Feed system according to either claim 1 or claim 2, characterised in that the width of the converter housing (12) and the maximum width of the horn (5) are the same or differ by less than 10%, preferably less than 5%.
- Feed system according to any of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the cross section of the waveguide (7) and the cross section of the converter housing (12) are symmetrically arranged.
- Feed system according to any of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the cross section of the waveguide (7) is n-polygonal, preferably rectangular or square.
- Feed system according to any of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the decoupling pins (22, 23) are formed as attachments or extensions which extend in the plane of the printed circuit board (19) and comprise conductive portions thereon.
- Feed system according to any of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that a pin-shaped reflector (27) is provided in the waveguide (7) between the two decoupling pins (22, 23), the distance between the reflector (27) and the respective decoupling pin (22, 23) being at least approximately λ/4, λ being a wavelength of the frequency spectrum to be transmitted.
- Feed system according to any of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that a rotation device (31) for rotating the reflected polarisation plane by 90° is provided at the end of the waveguide (7).
- Feed system according to any of claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the printed circuit board is arranged in the mid-plane (15).
- Feed system according to any of claims 1 to 9, characterised in that the decoupling pins (22, 23) protrude into the centre of the waveguide (7).
- Feed system according to any of claims 1 to 10, characterised in that the total width of the complete housing (3), the converter housing (12) and the maximum external dimensions of the horn (5) is less than 50 mm, in particular less than 45 mm.
- Feed system according to any of claims 1 to 10, characterised in that the lateral offset (S) between the central axis (7') of the waveguide (7) and of the horn (5) from the mid-plane (15) through the converter housing (12) is less than 40 mm.
- Feed system according to any of claims 1 to 10, characterised in that the converter housing (12) and the housing of the horn (5) and of the waveguide (7) are formed as the same cast part.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102007025226A DE102007025226A1 (en) | 2007-05-31 | 2007-05-31 | Feeding system, in particular for the reception of television and / or radio programs broadcast via satellite |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1998402A1 EP1998402A1 (en) | 2008-12-03 |
EP1998402B1 true EP1998402B1 (en) | 2015-12-09 |
Family
ID=39816680
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP08008694.5A Active EP1998402B1 (en) | 2007-05-31 | 2008-05-09 | Feed system, in particular for receiving television or radio programming transmitted by satellite |
Country Status (2)
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EP (1) | EP1998402B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102007025226A1 (en) |
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US10826165B1 (en) * | 2019-07-19 | 2020-11-03 | Eagle Technology, Llc | Satellite system having radio frequency assembly with signal coupling pin and associated methods |
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2007
- 2007-05-31 DE DE102007025226A patent/DE102007025226A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2008
- 2008-05-09 EP EP08008694.5A patent/EP1998402B1/en active Active
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INTERNET CITATION: "Der LNB-Megatest mit 24 Geräten", DIGITAL FERNSEHEN, 31 October 2006 (2006-10-31) - 31 October 2006 (2006-10-31), Retrieved from the Internet <URL:www.digitalfernsehen.de/specials/testberichte/df_113892(&11390).html> [retrieved on 20100706] * |
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EP1998402A1 (en) | 2008-12-03 |
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