EP1994632A1 - Torque transmission means for the rotationally fixed connection of a shaft and a rotor - Google Patents

Torque transmission means for the rotationally fixed connection of a shaft and a rotor

Info

Publication number
EP1994632A1
EP1994632A1 EP07723258A EP07723258A EP1994632A1 EP 1994632 A1 EP1994632 A1 EP 1994632A1 EP 07723258 A EP07723258 A EP 07723258A EP 07723258 A EP07723258 A EP 07723258A EP 1994632 A1 EP1994632 A1 EP 1994632A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rotor
shaft
connection
transmission means
torque transmission
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP07723258A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Jens Müller
Jürgen KELLERS
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Zenergy Power GmbH
Original Assignee
Zenergy Power GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Zenergy Power GmbH filed Critical Zenergy Power GmbH
Publication of EP1994632A1 publication Critical patent/EP1994632A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K55/00—Dynamo-electric machines having windings operating at cryogenic temperatures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D3/00—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive
    • F16D3/50—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive with the coupling parts connected by one or more intermediate members
    • F16D3/72—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive with the coupling parts connected by one or more intermediate members with axially-spaced attachments to the coupling parts
    • F16D3/725—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive with the coupling parts connected by one or more intermediate members with axially-spaced attachments to the coupling parts with an intermediate member made of fibre-reinforced resin
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K55/00—Dynamo-electric machines having windings operating at cryogenic temperatures
    • H02K55/02—Dynamo-electric machines having windings operating at cryogenic temperatures of the synchronous type
    • H02K55/04—Dynamo-electric machines having windings operating at cryogenic temperatures of the synchronous type with rotating field windings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/003—Couplings; Details of shafts
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y02E40/60—Superconducting electric elements or equipment; Power systems integrating superconducting elements or equipment

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a torque transmission means for non-rotatable connection of a shaft and a rotor of superconductive turns comprehensive and can be cooled to effect the superconducting state of these turns rotary machine, with a rotatable about an axis of rotation and torque-loadable hollow body, the shaft side in a shaft connection and rotor side in a rotor connection opens.
  • a rotary machine in the form of an electric motor which has a stator and a rotatable about a rotation axis rotor within the tubular stator.
  • the rotor is provided with superconductive windings and is cooled to below 100 Kelvin, so that the superconducting windings go into a superconducting state.
  • the rotor is rigidly connected to a shaft inserted into the hollow body by means of a torque transmission means made of a multipart hollow body.
  • One of the hollow body parts is tubular and connected to the rotor with a rotor connection and another hollow body part is connected to a shaft connection on the shaft.
  • the two hollow parts are made of stainless steel and connected by steel flanges at their ends.
  • each pair of angles has an intermediate layer of an insulating member of fiberglass reinforced plastic to prevent heat conduction from the hollow body connected to the shaft to the rotor.
  • the insulating elements consist of short cylindrical plastic pieces, which are screwed with their end faces on opposing legs of the angles.
  • the angles are arranged concentrically to the axis of rotation, so that when introducing a torque, the insulating elements between the opposite Angles should only be subjected to compressive or tensile stress, since the insulating elements would be destroyed under shear load.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a torque transmitting means which is simple in construction, easy to assemble and enables reliable transmission of the torque during operation, even with large temperature differences.
  • the hollow body between the shaft connection and the rotor connection has a stretchable in the axial direction compensation area between the rotor connection and the shaft connection for the compensation of temperature-induced axial length changes.
  • all the axial stresses which occur due to the temperature difference between the areas necessarily cooled to temperatures of, for example, below 100K in the case of high-temperature superconductors and the shaft usually having room temperature can be compensated with the compensation region of the hollow body.
  • These voltages can be e.g. by a contraction of the rotor during cooling of the rotor with a cooling device occur.
  • the torque transmission means can compensate for the change in length of the rotor with the design compensation area provided during cooling of the rotor, which experiences this during or after cooling to the temperatures necessary for the superconducting operation. In the same way expansion can be compensated by increasing the temperature on the side of the shaft in a warm environment.
  • the length contraction of the rotor is in this case preferably adapted by the shaping of the compensation area.
  • the hollow body is provided in the compensation area with at least one fold extending around the axis of rotation.
  • the fold serves to accommodate and compensate for any axial stresses that may occur.
  • the fold can be advantageously in the axial direction an elastic change in length of the torque transmitting means, so that the hollow body compressed in the compensation area or can be stretched.
  • the design of the torque transmitting means according to the invention with at least one fold significantly increases the effective heat conduction path between the shaft connection and the rotor connection, thereby reducing the overall thermal conductivity of the torque transmitting means.
  • the hollow body is preferably bellows-shaped in the compensation area. It can be folded in the compensation area several folds in the axial direction alternately alternately outwardly and inwardly or folded, whereby the effective heat transfer for the length of the torque transmitting means and at the same time the maximum transmittable torque is increased.
  • the pleats are formed by V-shaped or wedge-shaped opposed fold walls.
  • the pleat walls are connected to one another by a preferably curved, in particular rounded pleat back.
  • a fold back can connect two folds together.
  • the pleated walls may include an acute angle. As the rotor cools, the curvature of the pleat back can change to compensate for the axial stretch and the pleat walls flex.
  • at least three fold walls are arranged in the compensation area.
  • the hollow body preferably consists at least in the compensation area of a poorly heat-conducting material, whereby a heat input from the shaft to the cooled rotor can be additionally reduced.
  • the torque transmission means may be made wholly or partly of a fiber-reinforced plastic, such as a glass fiber reinforced plastic, which has the advantage that the plastic part "of the hollow body formed thereby becomes stretchable and contractible in the axial direction, and poorly heat-conducting embedded in the plastic in a crosswise overlapping manner so as to be able to transfer the torsional forces acting on the hollow body in operational use, either as a fabric of crosswise overlapping reinforcing fibers or as crosswise stacked reinforcing fiber layers.
  • the fiber material can also be spirally wound around the axis of rotation or wound wrapped in the plastic.
  • the entire element can be designed such that the interior can be evacuated in order to achieve a better thermal insulation.
  • a cylindrical section may be provided so that the compensation area is closer to the shaft connection than to the rotor connection. Since in operation use the shaft connection is normally warmer compared to the rotor connection, the compensation area is then at least partially heated by the shaft, whereby the plastic material existing compensation area remains more flexible despite the cooling of the rotor than the region of the hollow body at the rotor terminal.
  • the shaft connection and / or the rotor connection can be formed with metal elements.
  • the shaft connection and / or the rotor connection may be metal rings or may be annular.
  • the shaft connection and / or the rotor connection can be screwed to the hollow body.
  • the metal elements can also be embedded in the plastic part in order to connect them to the hollow body so that it can withstand torque.
  • the shaft connection and / or the rotor connection further preferably have recesses for positive engagement with connecting elements.
  • the recesses may extend in a groove-shaped manner in the axial direction or in the radial direction.
  • As connecting elements can thereby projections, bolts, pins od. Like. engage the rotor and / or on the shaft in the recesses for transmitting the torque.
  • the recesses preferably have a polygonal cross-section with inside rounded corners. Due to the positive engagement with connecting elements, not only a torque transmitted into the torque transmitting means can be reliably transmitted from the rotor connection to the shaft connection but also an additional screw connection with which the axial attachment between the shaft and the shaft connection or between the rotor and the rotor connection is effected be relieved.
  • the shaft connection and / or the rotor connection can for this purpose have screw receptacles in order to be able to screw the shaft connection and / or the rotor connection to the rotor and / or the shaft.
  • the hollow body is preferably formed substantially rotationally symmetrical.
  • the torque transmission means according to the invention can be advantageously used in rotary machines in which the rotor is provided with superconducting windings, which preferably comprise a high-temperature superconductor material.
  • a stator of the rotary machine can be provided with coolable superconductive windings.
  • the rotary machine is preferably a synchronous motor, but can also be a generator o. The like. be.
  • the windings of the rotor and / or of the stator can preferably be cooled with a suitable cooling device in order to be able to achieve the superconductivity of the superconducting windings in the operating state.
  • the cooling device may comprise suitable means for cooling parts of the rotary machine, for example with liquid nitrogen, gaseous helium or the like.
  • Fig. 1 in perspective a torque transmitting means
  • Fig. 2 shows the connected to a rotor and a shaft torque transmission means. 1 in longitudinal section along the axis of rotation,
  • FIG. 1 shows a torque transmission means 10, which is formed by a substantially rotationally symmetrical about a rotational axis D hollow body 12.
  • the 'hollow body 12 defines an interior space 14 about a rotation axis D and ends or ends wave side in a shaft connection 16 and the rotor side in a rotor terminal 18.
  • an unillustrated rotor of a synchronous motor is connected, which is provided with superconducting windings, the for their superconducting function with coolant and a suitable cooling device to temperatures of, for example, below 100 Kelvin must be cooled.
  • the shaft connection 16 can be connected to an arranged on the rotation axis D, not shown shaft.
  • the hollow body 12 has, between the shaft connection 16 and the rotor connection 18, an expansion region 20 which can be compressed or stretched in the axial direction and which receives axial stresses between the shaft connection 16 and the rotor connection 18. These tensions can be caused by the cooling of the rotor to temperatures at which superconductors go into their superconducting state.
  • the compensation region 20 of the hollow body 12 is provided to compensate for the change in length or for receiving the voltages with a around the axis of rotation D around, radially outwardly curved fold 22.
  • the fold 22 of the hollow body 12 is expanded in the compensation area 20.
  • the fold 22 is formed by the axis of rotation D encircling, V-shaped standing against each other folding walls 24, 26.
  • the pleat walls 24, 26 are connected to each other along the circumference of the hollow body 12 by a round pleat 28 back. If the rotor is colder than the shaft, then the rotor contracts and the hollow body expands in the axial direction by slightly bending the V-shaped standing pleat walls 24, 26 under the axial stresses and / or the included angle between them Pleated walls 24, 26 enlarged.
  • the torque transmission means 10 is formed except for the shaft connection 16 and the rotor connection 18 made of a poorly heat-conductive plastic such as epoxy resin, in which a fiber material is embedded crosswise overlapping.
  • the shaft connection 16 and the rotor connection 18 consist of steel rings and are screwed to the opposite ends of the hollow body 12 designed as a plastic part. Since the hollow body 12 is made of a poorly heat-conducting plastic in the compensation area, the heat input from the shaft onto the cooled rotor can be kept low. the.
  • the path to be traveled by the thermal energy is also extended over the pleat wall 26, pleat back 28 and pleat wall 24 as compared to a tubular or conical hollow body.
  • Another advantage is that a cylindrical portion 29 of the hollow body between the compensation area 20 and the rotor terminal 18, whereby the compensation area 20 is closer to the shaft terminal 16 than the rotor terminal 18, because this can the compensation area 20 with the fold 22 still from the shaft are heated, so that the plastic in the region of the compensation region 20 substantially retains its modulus of elasticity. Due to the crosswise overlapping embedding of fiber material, such as glass fibers or carbon fibers, the torque transmission means 10 can also transmit large torques safely and torsionally.
  • the shaft connection 16 is provided concentrically around the axis of rotation with screw receptacles 30.
  • the shaft connection 16 is furthermore provided with groove-shaped recesses 32 which extend in the radial direction and which serve to engage with connection elements, not shown, of the shaft.
  • the shaft connection 16 is formed from a steel ring and screwed to the hollow body 12.
  • the groove-shaped recesses milled into the steel ring have a substantially angular cross-section. In the recesses inside corners 33 are rounded.
  • the arranged at the opposite end of the hollow body 12, formed from a steel ring rotor terminal 18 has screw recesses 34, which are recessed in a recessed end face 36 of the rotor terminal 18.
  • the end face 36 is bounded by a connecting ring 38 projecting beyond this axially.
  • four grooves 40 are each offset by 90 °.
  • FIG. 2 shows a longitudinal section through a rotor 200 with a shaft 202 connected thereto, which are connected to one another in a torque-proof manner by the torque transmission means 10 from FIG. 1.
  • the rotor 200 has a cylindrical housing 204 in which 'a bobbin 206 having windings 208 of a superconducting material is included.
  • the bobbin 206 encloses a cavity 218 which is bounded by a closure piece 209.
  • the bobbin 206 with the winding 208 is enclosed by a sleeve 210, which in turn is accommodated in a housing 204.
  • the sleeve 210 narrows and surrounds the torque transmitting means 10, which is connected to the end piece 209 with the rotor terminal 18.
  • the hollow body 12 is on the shaft side with the shaft connection 16 on the shaft 202 rotatably but releasably connected by screw connections, not shown, and rotor side with the rotor terminal 18 to the end piece 209 of the rotor 200.
  • the bellows or wave-shaped compensating region 20 with the fold 22 terminates in the rotor connection 218 via the cylindrical section 29, which is enclosed by the sleeve 210 narrowing toward the hollow body 12.
  • the compensation area is formed by three folding walls 24, 26, 27, which are connected to each other by the two pleats 28.
  • On the fold wall 27 of the shaft connection 16 is screwed, whereby the shaft connection 16 has a larger inner diameter than the rotor terminal 18.
  • the compensation area 20 is formed in this embodiment of one and a half folds.
  • the rotor contracts due to the change in temperature, whereby the bolted to the rotor 200 and the shaft 202 hollow body 12 in the compensation region 20 with the axial dehn - and compressible fold 22 is stretched and then occurring axial stresses between the rotor 200 and shaft 202 are compensated for the torque is transmitted securely.
  • the rotor 200 heats up again to the ambient temperature of the shaft 202, the rotor 200 expands and the hollow body 12 contracts due to its ability to change its original dimensions again.
  • the effective length of the hollow body is larger in comparison to a cylindrical or conical hollow body.
  • portions of the compensation area 20, which are compared to a conical or cylindrical torque transmission are further away from the axis of rotation D, the introduced with the torque shear forces are smaller because of the greater distance from the axis of rotation.
  • the rotary machine may be a synchronous motor having a rotor with windings of preferably a high temperature superconductor material.

Abstract

The invention relates to a torque transmission means (10) for the rotationally fixed connection of a shaft and a rotor of a rotation machine which comprises superconductive windings and which can be cooled to induce the superconductive state of said windings, with a torque-loadable hollow body (12) having a rotational axis D, which ends on the shaft side in a shaft connection (16) and on the rotor side in a rotor connection (18). In order to create a torque transmission means which is simple to construct and easily installed, and which in operation facilitates a reliable transmission of the torque even at large temperature differences, the hollow body (12) has a compensation region (20) which is located between the shaft connection (16) and the rotor connection (18) and which is extendable in the axial direction, for the compensation of axial length changes induced by temperature differences.

Description

Anmelder: TRITHOR GmbH, Heisenbergstr . 16, D- 53359 Rheinbach Titel: Drehmomentübertragungsmittel zum drehfesten Verbinden von einer Welle und von einem RotorApplicant: TRITHOR GmbH, Heisenbergstr. 16, D- 53359 Rheinbach Title: Torque transmission means for non-rotatable connection of a shaft and a rotor
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Drehmomentübertragungsmittel zum drehfesten Verbinden von einer Welle und von einem Rotor einer supraleit- fähige Windungen umfassenden und zur Bewirkung des supraleitenden Zustandes dieser Windungen kühlbaren Rotationsmaschine, mit einem um eine Drehachse drehbaren und drehmomentbelastbaren Hohlkörper, der wellenseitig in einen Wellenanschluß und rotorseitig in einen Rotoranschluß mündet .The invention relates to a torque transmission means for non-rotatable connection of a shaft and a rotor of superconductive turns comprehensive and can be cooled to effect the superconducting state of these turns rotary machine, with a rotatable about an axis of rotation and torque-loadable hollow body, the shaft side in a shaft connection and rotor side in a rotor connection opens.
Aus der US 6,873,079 B2 ist eine Rotationsmaschine in Form eines E- lektromotors bekannt, der einen Stator und einen um eine Drehachse drehbaren Rotor innerhalb des röhrenförmigen Stators aufweist . Der Rotor ist mit supraleitfähigen Windungen versehen und wird auf unter 100 Kelvin gekühlt, damit die supraleitfähigen Windungen in einen supraleitenden Zustand übergehen. Der Rotor ist über ein Drehmoment - Übertragungsmittel aus einem mehrteiligen Hohlkörper starr mit einer in den Hohlkörper eingeschobenen Welle verbunden. Einer der Hohlkörperteile ist röhrenförmig ausgebildet und mit einem Rotoranschluß an den Rotor angeschlossen und ein anderer Hohlkörperteil ist mit einem Wellenanschluß an der Welle angeschlossen. Die beiden Hohlkörperteile sind aus rostfreiem Stahl gefertigt und über Stahlflansche an ihren Enden miteinander verbunden. An den Stirnseiten der beiden Stahlflansche sind je vier Winkel angeschweißt, die sich paarweise gegenüberstehen. Jedes Paar von Winkeln weist eine Zwischenlage eines Isolierelements aus glasfaserverstärktem Kunststoff auf, um eine Wärmeleitung von dem an der Welle angeschlossenen Hohlkörper auf den Rotor zu verhindern. Die Isolierelemente bestehen aus kurzen zylindrischen Kunststoffstücken, die mit ihren Stirnseiten an sich gegenüberstehenden Schenkeln der Winkeln angeschraubt sind. Die Winkel sind konzentrisch zur Drehachse angeordnet, damit bei Einleiten eines Drehmoments die Isolierelemente zwischen den gegenüberliegenden Winkeln nur druck- oder zugbelastet werden, da die Isolierelemente bei Scherbelastung zerstört würden.From US 6,873,079 B2 a rotary machine in the form of an electric motor is known, which has a stator and a rotatable about a rotation axis rotor within the tubular stator. The rotor is provided with superconductive windings and is cooled to below 100 Kelvin, so that the superconducting windings go into a superconducting state. The rotor is rigidly connected to a shaft inserted into the hollow body by means of a torque transmission means made of a multipart hollow body. One of the hollow body parts is tubular and connected to the rotor with a rotor connection and another hollow body part is connected to a shaft connection on the shaft. The two hollow parts are made of stainless steel and connected by steel flanges at their ends. On the front sides of the two steel flanges four angles are welded, facing each other in pairs. Each pair of angles has an intermediate layer of an insulating member of fiberglass reinforced plastic to prevent heat conduction from the hollow body connected to the shaft to the rotor. The insulating elements consist of short cylindrical plastic pieces, which are screwed with their end faces on opposing legs of the angles. The angles are arranged concentrically to the axis of rotation, so that when introducing a torque, the insulating elements between the opposite Angles should only be subjected to compressive or tensile stress, since the insulating elements would be destroyed under shear load.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, ein Drehmomentübertragungsmittel zu schaffen, das einfach aufgebaut ist, leicht montierbar ist und im Betriebseinsatz eine sichere Übertragung des Drehmoments auch bei großen Temperaturdifferenzen ermöglicht.The object of the invention is to provide a torque transmitting means which is simple in construction, easy to assemble and enables reliable transmission of the torque during operation, even with large temperature differences.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß der Hohlkörper zwischen dem Wellenanschluß und dem Rotoranschluß einen in Axialrichtung dehnbaren Ausgleichsbereich zwischen dem Rotoranschluß und dem Wellenanschluß zur Kompensation von temperaturbedingten axialen Längenänderungen aufweist.This object is achieved in that the hollow body between the shaft connection and the rotor connection has a stretchable in the axial direction compensation area between the rotor connection and the shaft connection for the compensation of temperature-induced axial length changes.
Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Drehmomentübertragungsmittel können mit dem Ausgleichsbereich des Hohlkörpers sämtliche durch die Temperaturdifferenz zwischen den notwendigerweise auf Temperaturen von bspw. unter 100K bei Hochtemperatur-Supraleitern gekühlten Bereichen und der meist Raumtemperatur aufweisenden Welle auftretenden axialen Spannungen ausgeglichen werden. Diese Spannungen können z.B. durch ein Zusammenziehen des Rotors beim Abkühlen des Rotors mit einer Kühlvorrichtung auftreten. Das Drehmomentübertragungsmittel kann mit dem konstruktiv vorgesehenen Ausgleichsbereich beim Abkühlen des Rotors die Längenänderung des Rotors ausgleichen, die dieser beim bzw. nach dem Abkühlen auf die für den supraleitenden Betriebseinsatz notwendigen Temperaturen erfährt. Auf gleiche Art können auch Ausdehnungen durch Temperaturerhöhung auf der Seite der Welle in einer warmen Umgebung ausgeglichen werden.In the case of the torque-transmitting means according to the invention, all the axial stresses which occur due to the temperature difference between the areas necessarily cooled to temperatures of, for example, below 100K in the case of high-temperature superconductors and the shaft usually having room temperature can be compensated with the compensation region of the hollow body. These voltages can be e.g. by a contraction of the rotor during cooling of the rotor with a cooling device occur. The torque transmission means can compensate for the change in length of the rotor with the design compensation area provided during cooling of the rotor, which experiences this during or after cooling to the temperatures necessary for the superconducting operation. In the same way expansion can be compensated by increasing the temperature on the side of the shaft in a warm environment.
Die Längenkontraktion des Rotors wird hierbei vorzugsweise durch die Formgebung des Ausgleichsbereichs adaptiert. Vorzugsweise ist der Hohlkörper im Ausgleichsbereich mit wenigstens einer sich um die Drehachse herum erstreckenden Falte versehen. Die Falte dient dabei zur Aufnahme und Kompensation der gegebenenfalls auftretenden axialen Spannungen. Die Falte läßt vorteilhafterweise in axialer Richtung eine elastische Längenänderung des Drehmomentübertragungsmittels zu, so daß der Hohlkörper im Ausgleichsbereich gestaucht oder gedehnt werden kann. Durch die Ausgestaltung des erfindungsgemäßen Drehmomentübertragungsmittels mit wenigstens einer Falte wird der für die Wärmeleitung effektive Weg zwischen dem Wellenanschluß und dem Rotoranschluß erheblich verlängert, wodurch die Gesamtwärmeleitfähigkeit' des Drehmomentübertragungsmittels herabgesetzt wird. Der Hohlkörper ist im Ausgleichsbereich vorzugsweise faltenbalgförmig geformt. Es können im Ausgleichsbereich mehrere Falten in Axialrichtung aufeinanderfolgend abwechselnd nach außen und innen gewölbt o- der gefaltet sein, wodurch die für die Wärmeübertragung effektive Länge des Drehmomentübertragungsmittels und gleichzeitig auch das maximale übertragbare Drehmoment vergrößert wird.The length contraction of the rotor is in this case preferably adapted by the shaping of the compensation area. Preferably, the hollow body is provided in the compensation area with at least one fold extending around the axis of rotation. The fold serves to accommodate and compensate for any axial stresses that may occur. The fold can be advantageously in the axial direction an elastic change in length of the torque transmitting means, so that the hollow body compressed in the compensation area or can be stretched. The design of the torque transmitting means according to the invention with at least one fold significantly increases the effective heat conduction path between the shaft connection and the rotor connection, thereby reducing the overall thermal conductivity of the torque transmitting means. The hollow body is preferably bellows-shaped in the compensation area. It can be folded in the compensation area several folds in the axial direction alternately alternately outwardly and inwardly or folded, whereby the effective heat transfer for the length of the torque transmitting means and at the same time the maximum transmittable torque is increased.
In der bevorzugten Ausgestaltung sind die Falten von V-förmig oder keilförmig gegeneinander stehenden Faltenwänden gebildet. Die Faltenwände sind durch einen vorzugsweise gekrümmten, insbesondere gerundeten Faltenrücken miteinander verbunden. Ein Faltenrücken kann zwei Falten miteinander verbinden. Die Faltenwände können einen spitzen Winkel einschließen. Beim Abkühlen des Rotors können zur Kompensation der axialen Dehnung sich die Krümmung des Faltenrückens ändern und die Faltenwände biegen. In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform sind im Ausgleichsbereich mindestens drei Faltenwände angeordnet .In the preferred embodiment, the pleats are formed by V-shaped or wedge-shaped opposed fold walls. The pleat walls are connected to one another by a preferably curved, in particular rounded pleat back. A fold back can connect two folds together. The pleated walls may include an acute angle. As the rotor cools, the curvature of the pleat back can change to compensate for the axial stretch and the pleat walls flex. In a preferred embodiment, at least three fold walls are arranged in the compensation area.
Der Hohlkörper besteht vorzugsweise zumindest im Ausgleichsbereich aus einem schlecht wärmeleitenden Material, wodurch ein Wärmeeintrag von der Welle auf den abgekühlten Rotor zusätzlich vermindert werden kann. Das Drehmomentübertragungsmittel kann vollständig oder teilweise aus einem faserverstärkten Kunststoff, wie z.B. einem glasfaserverstärkten Kunststoff, hergestellt sein, was den Vorteil hat, daß der dadurch gebildete Kunststoffteil "des Hohlkörpers insbesondere im Ausgleichsbereich in Axialrichtung dehnbar und kontrahierbar sowie schlecht wärmeleitend wird. Die Verstärkungsfasern sind zweckmäßig kreuzweise überlappend in den Kunststoff eingebettet, um die im Betriebseinsatz auf den Hohlkörper wirkenden Torsionskräfte gut übertragen zu können. Es kann sich dabei entweder um ein Gewebe aus kreuzweise überlappenden Verstärkungsfasern handeln oder um kreuzweise übereinandergeschichtete Verstärkungsfaserschichten. Das Fasermaterial kann auch spiralförmig um die Drehachse gelegt o- der gewickelt in den Kunststoff eingebettet sein. Weiterhin kann das gesamte Element derart ausgeführt sein, dass der Innenraum evakuiert werden kann, um eine bessere Wärmeisolation zu erreichen.The hollow body preferably consists at least in the compensation area of a poorly heat-conducting material, whereby a heat input from the shaft to the cooled rotor can be additionally reduced. The torque transmission means may be made wholly or partly of a fiber-reinforced plastic, such as a glass fiber reinforced plastic, which has the advantage that the plastic part "of the hollow body formed thereby becomes stretchable and contractible in the axial direction, and poorly heat-conducting embedded in the plastic in a crosswise overlapping manner so as to be able to transfer the torsional forces acting on the hollow body in operational use, either as a fabric of crosswise overlapping reinforcing fibers or as crosswise stacked reinforcing fiber layers. The fiber material can also be spirally wound around the axis of rotation or wound wrapped in the plastic. Furthermore, the entire element can be designed such that the interior can be evacuated in order to achieve a better thermal insulation.
Zwischen dem Ausgleichsbereich und dem Rotoranschluß kann ein zylindrischer Abschnitt vorgesehen sein, damit der Ausgleichsbereich näher am Wellenanschluß als am Rotoranschluß liegt. Da im Betriebseinsatz der Wellenanschluß im Vergleich zum Rotoranschluß normalerweise wärmer ist, wird dann der Ausgleichsbereich zumindest teilweise von der Welle erwärmt, wodurch der aus Kunststoffmaterial bestehende Ausgleichsbereich trotz des Abkühlens des Rotors flexibler bleibt als der Bereich des Hohlkörpers am Rotoranschluß.Between the compensation area and the rotor connection, a cylindrical section may be provided so that the compensation area is closer to the shaft connection than to the rotor connection. Since in operation use the shaft connection is normally warmer compared to the rotor connection, the compensation area is then at least partially heated by the shaft, whereby the plastic material existing compensation area remains more flexible despite the cooling of the rotor than the region of the hollow body at the rotor terminal.
Der Wellenanschluß und/oder der Rotoranschluß können mit Metallelementen gebildet werden. Der Wellenanschluß und/oder der Rotoranschluß können Metallringe sein oder ringförmig gebildet sein. Der Wellenanschluß und/oder der Rotoranschluß können an den Hohlkörper angeschraubt sein. Die Metallelemente können auch in den Kunststoff- teil eingebettet sein, um diese mit dem Hohlkörper drehmomentbelastbar zu verbinden. Der Wellenanschluß und/oder der Rotoranschluß weisen weiter vorzugsweise Aussparungen zum formschlüssigen Eingriff mit Verbindungselementen auf. Die Aussparungen können sich nutenför- mig in Axialrichtung oder in Radialrichtung erstrecken. Als Verbindungselemente können dabei Vorsprünge, Bolzen, Stifte od. dgl . am Rotor und/oder an der Welle in die Aussparungen zur Übertragung des Drehmoments eingreifen. Die Aussparungen weisen vorzugsweise einen eckigen Querschnitt mit innenliegenden abgerundeten Ecken auf. Durch den formschlüssigen Eingriff mit Verbindungselementen kann nicht nur ein in das Drehmomentübertragungsmittel eingeleitetes Drehmoment vom Rotoranschluß sicher auf den Wellenanschluß übertragen werden sondern auch eine zusätzliche Schraubverbindung, mit der die axiale Befestigung zwischen der Welle und dem Wellenanschluß bzw. zwischen dem Rotor und dem Rotoranschluß bewirkt wird, entlastet sein. Der Wellenanschluß und/oder der Rotoranschluß können hierzu Schraubenaufnahmen aufweisen, um den Wellenanschluß und/oder den Rotoranschluß mit dem Rotor und/oder der Welle verschrauben zu können. Der Hohlkörper ist vorzugsweise im wesentlichen rotationssymmetrisch geformt. Das erfindungsgemäße Drehmomentübertragungsmittel kann vorteilhaft bei Rotationsmaschinen verwendet werden, bei denen der Rotor mit supraleitfähigen Windungen versehen ist, die vorzugsweise ein Hochtemperatursupraleiter-Material aufweisen. Es kann auch alternativ ein Stator der Rotationsmaschine mit kühlbaren supraleitfähigen Windungen versehen sein. Die Rotationsmaschine ist vorzugsweise ein Synchronmotor, kann jedoch auch ein Generator o. dgl . sein. Die Windungen des Rotors und/oder des Stators sind vorzugsweise mit einer geeigneten Kühlvorrichtung kühlbar, um die Supraleitung der supraleitfähigen Windungen im Betriebszustand erreichen zu können. Die Kühlvorrichtung kann geeignete Mittel umfassen, um Teile der Rotationsmaschine z.B. mit flüssigem Stickstoff, gasförmigem Helium od. dgl. zu kühlen.The shaft connection and / or the rotor connection can be formed with metal elements. The shaft connection and / or the rotor connection may be metal rings or may be annular. The shaft connection and / or the rotor connection can be screwed to the hollow body. The metal elements can also be embedded in the plastic part in order to connect them to the hollow body so that it can withstand torque. The shaft connection and / or the rotor connection further preferably have recesses for positive engagement with connecting elements. The recesses may extend in a groove-shaped manner in the axial direction or in the radial direction. As connecting elements can thereby projections, bolts, pins od. Like. engage the rotor and / or on the shaft in the recesses for transmitting the torque. The recesses preferably have a polygonal cross-section with inside rounded corners. Due to the positive engagement with connecting elements, not only a torque transmitted into the torque transmitting means can be reliably transmitted from the rotor connection to the shaft connection but also an additional screw connection with which the axial attachment between the shaft and the shaft connection or between the rotor and the rotor connection is effected be relieved. The shaft connection and / or the rotor connection can for this purpose have screw receptacles in order to be able to screw the shaft connection and / or the rotor connection to the rotor and / or the shaft. The hollow body is preferably formed substantially rotationally symmetrical. The torque transmission means according to the invention can be advantageously used in rotary machines in which the rotor is provided with superconducting windings, which preferably comprise a high-temperature superconductor material. Alternatively, a stator of the rotary machine can be provided with coolable superconductive windings. The rotary machine is preferably a synchronous motor, but can also be a generator o. The like. be. The windings of the rotor and / or of the stator can preferably be cooled with a suitable cooling device in order to be able to achieve the superconductivity of the superconducting windings in the operating state. The cooling device may comprise suitable means for cooling parts of the rotary machine, for example with liquid nitrogen, gaseous helium or the like.
Weitere Merkmale und Einzelheiten der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung des in der beigefügten Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels. In der Zeichnung zeigt:Further features and details of the invention will become apparent from the following description of the embodiment shown in the accompanying drawings. In the drawing shows:
Fig. 1 perspektivisch ein Drehmomentübertragungsmittel; undFig. 1 in perspective a torque transmitting means; and
Fig. 2 das an einen Rotor und an eine Welle angeschlossene Drehmomentübertragungsmittel aus. Fig. 1 im Längsschnitt entlang der Drehachse,-Fig. 2 shows the connected to a rotor and a shaft torque transmission means. 1 in longitudinal section along the axis of rotation,
Die Fig. 1 zeigt ein Drehmomentübertragungsmittel 10, das von einem um eine Drehachse D im wesentlichen rotationssymmetrischen Hohlkörper 12 gebildet wird. Der 'Hohlkörper 12 begrenzt einen Innenraum 14 um eine Drehachse D und mündet bzw. endet wellenseitig in einem Wellenanschluß 16 und rotorseitig in einem Rotoranschluß 18. An den Rotoranschluß 18 ist ein nicht dargestellter Rotor eines Synchronmotors anschließbar, der mit supraleitfähigen Windungen versehen ist, die für ihre supraleitende Funktion mit Kühlmittel und einer geeigneten Kühlvorrichtung auf Temperaturen von z.B. unter 100 Kelvin gekühlt werden müssen. Der Wellenanschluß 16 ist an eine auf der Drehachse D angeordnete, nicht dargestellte Welle anschließbar. Im Be- triebszustand besteht aufgrund des Abkühlens des Rotors ein erhebliches Temperaturgefälle zwischen dem warmen Wellenanschluß 16 und dem gekühlten Rotoranschluß 18. Das Abkühlen des Rotors hat zur Folge, dass sich dieser zusammenzieht. Da das Drehmomentübertragungsmittel 10 an dem Rotor und der Welle fest angeschlossen ist, wird diese Kontraktion erfindungsgemäß durch eine Längenänderung eines Ausgleichsbereichs des Hohlkörpers 12 kompensiert. Der Hohlkörper 12 weist erfindungsgemäß zwischen dem Wellenanschluß 16 und dem Rotoranschluß 18 einen in Axialrichtung stauchbaren bzw. dehnbaren Ausgleichsbereich 20 auf, der axiale Spannungen zwischen dem Wellenanschluß 16 und dem Rotoranschluß 18 aufnimmt. Diese Spannungen können durch das Abkühlen des Rotors auf Temperaturen auftreten, bei denen Supraleiter in ihren supraleitenden Zustand übergehen.1 shows a torque transmission means 10, which is formed by a substantially rotationally symmetrical about a rotational axis D hollow body 12. The 'hollow body 12 defines an interior space 14 about a rotation axis D and ends or ends wave side in a shaft connection 16 and the rotor side in a rotor terminal 18. At the rotor terminal 18, an unillustrated rotor of a synchronous motor is connected, which is provided with superconducting windings, the for their superconducting function with coolant and a suitable cooling device to temperatures of, for example, below 100 Kelvin must be cooled. The shaft connection 16 can be connected to an arranged on the rotation axis D, not shown shaft. In the Driven state is due to the cooling of the rotor, a significant temperature gradient between the hot shaft connection 16 and the cooled rotor terminal 18. The cooling of the rotor has the consequence that this contractes. Since the torque transmission means 10 is fixedly connected to the rotor and the shaft, this contraction is compensated according to the invention by a change in length of a compensation region of the hollow body 12. According to the invention, the hollow body 12 has, between the shaft connection 16 and the rotor connection 18, an expansion region 20 which can be compressed or stretched in the axial direction and which receives axial stresses between the shaft connection 16 and the rotor connection 18. These tensions can be caused by the cooling of the rotor to temperatures at which superconductors go into their superconducting state.
Im Ausgleichsbereich 20 ist der Hohlkörper 12 zur Kompensation der Längenänderung bzw. zur Aufnahme der Spannungen mit einer sich um die Drehachse D herum erstreckenden, radial nach außen gewölbten Falte 22 versehen. Durch die Falte 22 ist der Hohlkörper 12 im Ausgleichsbereich 20 geweitet. Die Falte 22 ist durch die Drehachse D umringende, V-förmig gegeneinander stehende Faltenwände 24, 26 gebildet. Die Faltenwände 24, 26 sind dabei entlang des Umfangs des Hohlkörpers 12 durch einen runden Faltenrücken 28 miteinander verbunden. Wenn der Rotor kälter als die Welle ist, dann zieht sich der Rotor zusammen und der Hohlkörper dehnt sich in Axialrichtung, indem sich die V-förmig gegeneinander stehenden Faltenwände 24, 26 unter den axialen Spannungen leicht biegen und/oder sich der eingeschlossene Winkel zwischen den Faltenwänden 24, 26 vergrößert.In the compensation region 20 of the hollow body 12 is provided to compensate for the change in length or for receiving the voltages with a around the axis of rotation D around, radially outwardly curved fold 22. Through the fold 22 of the hollow body 12 is expanded in the compensation area 20. The fold 22 is formed by the axis of rotation D encircling, V-shaped standing against each other folding walls 24, 26. The pleat walls 24, 26 are connected to each other along the circumference of the hollow body 12 by a round pleat 28 back. If the rotor is colder than the shaft, then the rotor contracts and the hollow body expands in the axial direction by slightly bending the V-shaped standing pleat walls 24, 26 under the axial stresses and / or the included angle between them Pleated walls 24, 26 enlarged.
Der Drehmomentübertragungsmittel 10 ist bis auf den Wellenanschluß 16 und den Rotoranschluß 18 aus einem schlecht wärmeleitenden Kunststoff wie z.B. Epoxydharz geformt, in den ein Fasermaterial kreuzweise überlappend eingebettet ist. Der Wellenanschluß 16 und der Ro- toranschluß 18 bestehen aus Stahlringen und sind an den entgegengesetzten Enden des als Kunststoffteil ausgebildeten Hohlkörpers 12 angeschraubt. Da der Hohlkörper 12 im Ausgleichsbereich aus einem schlecht wärmeleitenden Kunststoff hergestellt ist, kann der Wärmeeintrag von der Welle auf den gekühlten Rotor gering gehalten wer- den. Der von der Wärmeenergie zurückzulegende Weg ist zudem über die Faltenwand 26, den Faltenrücken 28 und die Faltenwand 24 im Vergleich zu einem röhrenförmigen oder konischen Hohlkörper verlängert. Weiter von Vorteil ist, daß ein zylindrischer Abschnitt 29 des Hohlkörpers zwischen dem Ausgleichsbereich 20 und dem Rotoranschluß 18 liegt, wodurch der Ausgleichsbereich 20 näher am Wellenanschluß 16 als am Rotoranschluß 18 liegt, denn hierdurch kann der Ausgleichsbereich 20 mit der Falte 22 noch von der Welle erwärmt werden, so daß der Kunststoff im Bereich des Ausgleichsbereichs 20 sein Elastizitätsmodul im wesentlichen behält. Durch das kreuzweise überlappende Einbetten von Fasermaterial, wie Glasfasern oder Kohlefasern, kann das Drehmomentübertragungsmittel 10 dabei auch große Drehmomente sicher und verwindungssteif übertragen.The torque transmission means 10 is formed except for the shaft connection 16 and the rotor connection 18 made of a poorly heat-conductive plastic such as epoxy resin, in which a fiber material is embedded crosswise overlapping. The shaft connection 16 and the rotor connection 18 consist of steel rings and are screwed to the opposite ends of the hollow body 12 designed as a plastic part. Since the hollow body 12 is made of a poorly heat-conducting plastic in the compensation area, the heat input from the shaft onto the cooled rotor can be kept low. the. The path to be traveled by the thermal energy is also extended over the pleat wall 26, pleat back 28 and pleat wall 24 as compared to a tubular or conical hollow body. Another advantage is that a cylindrical portion 29 of the hollow body between the compensation area 20 and the rotor terminal 18, whereby the compensation area 20 is closer to the shaft terminal 16 than the rotor terminal 18, because this can the compensation area 20 with the fold 22 still from the shaft are heated, so that the plastic in the region of the compensation region 20 substantially retains its modulus of elasticity. Due to the crosswise overlapping embedding of fiber material, such as glass fibers or carbon fibers, the torque transmission means 10 can also transmit large torques safely and torsionally.
Zum Anschluß der nicht dargestellten Welle ist der Wellenanschluß 16 konzentrisch um die Drehachse mit Schraubenaufnahmen 30 versehen. Der Wellenanschluß 16 ist ferner mit sich in Radialrichtung erstrek- kenden nutförmigen Aussparungen 32 versehen, die zum Eingriff mit nicht dargestellten Verbindungselementen der Welle dienen. Der Wellenanschluß 16 ist aus einem Stahlring gebildet und an den Hohlkörper 12 angeschraubt. Die in den Stahlring eingefrästen, nutenförmi- gen Aussparungen weisen einen im wesentlichen eckigen Querschnitt auf. In den Aussparungen sind innenliegende Ecken 33 abgerundet.To connect the shaft, not shown, the shaft connection 16 is provided concentrically around the axis of rotation with screw receptacles 30. The shaft connection 16 is furthermore provided with groove-shaped recesses 32 which extend in the radial direction and which serve to engage with connection elements, not shown, of the shaft. The shaft connection 16 is formed from a steel ring and screwed to the hollow body 12. The groove-shaped recesses milled into the steel ring have a substantially angular cross-section. In the recesses inside corners 33 are rounded.
Der am gegenüberliegenden Ende des Hohlkörpers 12 angeordnete, aus einem Stahlring gebildete Rotoranschluß 18 weist Schraubenausnehmun- gen 34 auf, die in eine zurückversetzte Stirnseite 36 des Rotoranschluß 18 eingelassen sind. Die Stirnseite 36 ist von einem über diesen axial hinausragenden Anschlußring 38 begrenzt. Am Umfang des Anschlußrings 38 sind jeweils um 90° gegeneinander versetzt vier Nuten 40 angeordnet.The arranged at the opposite end of the hollow body 12, formed from a steel ring rotor terminal 18 has screw recesses 34, which are recessed in a recessed end face 36 of the rotor terminal 18. The end face 36 is bounded by a connecting ring 38 projecting beyond this axially. At the periphery of the connecting ring 38, four grooves 40 are each offset by 90 °.
Die Fig. 2 zeigt einen Längsschnitt durch einen Rotor 200 mit einer daran angeschlossenen Welle 202, die durch das Drehmomentübertragungsmittel 10 aus Fig. 1 drehfest miteinander verbunden sind. Der Rotor 200 weist ein zylindrisches Gehäuse 204 auf, in dem' ein Spulenkörper 206 mit Wicklungen 208 aus einem supraleitenden Material aufgenommen ist. Der Spulenkörper 206 umschließt einen Hohlraum 218, der von einem Abschlußstück 209 begrenzt wird. Der Spulenkörper 206 mit der Wicklung 208 ist von einer Hülse 210 umschlossen, die wiederum in einem Gehäuse 204 aufgenommen ist. Die Hülse 210 verengt sich und umschließt das Drehmomentübertragungsmittel 10, das am Abschlußstück 209 mit dem Rotoranschluß 18 angeschlossen ist.FIG. 2 shows a longitudinal section through a rotor 200 with a shaft 202 connected thereto, which are connected to one another in a torque-proof manner by the torque transmission means 10 from FIG. 1. The rotor 200 has a cylindrical housing 204 in which 'a bobbin 206 having windings 208 of a superconducting material is included. The bobbin 206 encloses a cavity 218 which is bounded by a closure piece 209. The bobbin 206 with the winding 208 is enclosed by a sleeve 210, which in turn is accommodated in a housing 204. The sleeve 210 narrows and surrounds the torque transmitting means 10, which is connected to the end piece 209 with the rotor terminal 18.
Der Hohlkörper 12 ist wellenseitig mit dem Wellenanschluß 16 an der Welle 202 drehfest aber lösbar durch nicht dargestellte Schraubverbindungen und rotorseitig mit dem Rotoranschluß 18 an dem Abschlußstück 209 des Rotors 200 angeschlossen. Der balgen- oder wellenförmige Ausgleichsbereich 20 mit der Falte 22 endet in dem Rotoranschluß 218 über den zylindrischen Abschnitt 29, der von der sich zum Hohlkörper 12 verengenden Hülse 210 umschlossen ist. Der Ausgleichsbereich wird durch drei Faltenwände 24, 26, 27 gebildet, die durch die beiden Faltenrücken 28 miteinander verbunden sind. An der Faltenwand 27 ist der Wellenanschluß 16 angeschraubt, wodurch der Wellenanschluß 16 einen größeren Innendurchmesser als der Rotoranschluß 18 aufweist. Der Ausgleichsbereich 20 ist in dieser Ausführungsform aus anderthalb Falten gebildet.The hollow body 12 is on the shaft side with the shaft connection 16 on the shaft 202 rotatably but releasably connected by screw connections, not shown, and rotor side with the rotor terminal 18 to the end piece 209 of the rotor 200. The bellows or wave-shaped compensating region 20 with the fold 22 terminates in the rotor connection 218 via the cylindrical section 29, which is enclosed by the sleeve 210 narrowing toward the hollow body 12. The compensation area is formed by three folding walls 24, 26, 27, which are connected to each other by the two pleats 28. On the fold wall 27 of the shaft connection 16 is screwed, whereby the shaft connection 16 has a larger inner diameter than the rotor terminal 18. The compensation area 20 is formed in this embodiment of one and a half folds.
Wenn der Rotor 200 und/oder benachbarte Bereiche des Rotors 200 im Betriebseinsatz mittels einer nicht dargestellten Kühlvorrichtung abgekühlt werden, zieht sich der Rotor aufgrund der Temperaturänderung zusammen, wodurch der am Rotor 200 und der Welle 202 angeschraubte Hohlkörper 12 im Ausgleichsbereich 20 mit der axial dehn- und stauchbaren Falte 22 gedehnt wird und die dann auftretenden axialen Spannungen zwischen Rotor 200 und Welle 202 kompensiert werden, damit das Drehmoment sicher übertragen wird. Wenn nach Abschalten der Kühlvorrichtung der Rotor 200 sich wieder auf die Umgebungstemperatur der Welle 202 erwärmt, dehnt sich der Rotor 200 aus und der Hohlkörper 12 zieht sich aufgrund seines Längenänderungsvermögens wieder auf seine ursprünglichen Ausmaße zusammen. Durch den wellen- bzw. balgenförmigen Ausgleichsbereich 20 ist die effektive Länge des Hohlkörpers im Vergleich zu einem zylindrischen oder konischen Hohlkörper größer. In Abschnitten des Ausgleichsbereichs 20, die im Vergleich zu einem konischen oder zylindrischen Drehmomentübertragungs- mittel weiter von der Drehachse D entfernt sind, sind die mit dem Drehmoment eingeleiteten Scherkräfte wegen des größeren Abstands von der Drehachse kleiner.When the rotor 200 and / or adjacent areas of the rotor 200 are cooled during operation by means of a cooling device, not shown, the rotor contracts due to the change in temperature, whereby the bolted to the rotor 200 and the shaft 202 hollow body 12 in the compensation region 20 with the axial dehn - and compressible fold 22 is stretched and then occurring axial stresses between the rotor 200 and shaft 202 are compensated for the torque is transmitted securely. When, after switching off the cooling device, the rotor 200 heats up again to the ambient temperature of the shaft 202, the rotor 200 expands and the hollow body 12 contracts due to its ability to change its original dimensions again. Due to the wave or bellows-shaped compensation region 20, the effective length of the hollow body is larger in comparison to a cylindrical or conical hollow body. In portions of the compensation area 20, which are compared to a conical or cylindrical torque transmission are further away from the axis of rotation D, the introduced with the torque shear forces are smaller because of the greater distance from the axis of rotation.
Für den Fachmann sind aus der vorhergehenden Beschreibung zahlreiche Modifikationen ersichtlich, die in den Schutzbereich der anhängenden Ansprüche fallen sollen. So können beispielsweise mehr oder weniger Falten als in den gezeigten Ausführungsbeispielen verwendet werden. Auch können die Seitenwände der Falten gekrümmt ausgebildet sein. Die Metallelemente können statt mittels einer Schraubverbindung zwischen Hohlkörper und dem Wellen- und Rotoranschluß bei einer Fertigung des Hohlkörpers aus faserverstärktem Kunststoff zum Verbinden in diesen eingebettet sein. Das Drehmomentübertragungsmittel kann auch inkl. des Wellen- und des Rotoranschluß aus Kunststoff oder einem anderen schlecht wärmeleitenden Material hergestellt sein. Die Rotationsmaschine kann ein Synchronmotor sein, der einen Rotor mit Windungen aus vorzugsweise einem Hochtemperatursupraleiter-Material aufweist . Many modifications will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the foregoing description which are intended to be within the scope of the appended claims. For example, more or less wrinkles may be used than in the embodiments shown. Also, the side walls of the folds may be curved. The metal elements may be embedded instead of by means of a screw connection between the hollow body and the shaft and rotor connection in a production of the hollow body made of fiber-reinforced plastic for bonding in this. The torque transmission means may also be made incl. The shaft and the rotor connection made of plastic or other poor thermal conductivity material. The rotary machine may be a synchronous motor having a rotor with windings of preferably a high temperature superconductor material.

Claims

P a t e n t a n s p r ü c h e : Patent claim:
1. Drehmomentübertragungsmittel (10) zum drehfesten Verbinden von einer Welle (202) und von einem Rotor (200) einer supraleitfä- hige Windungen umfassenden und zur Bewirkung des supraleitenden Zustandes dieser Windungen kühlbaren Rotationsmaschine, mit einem eine Drehachse (D) aufweisenden, drehmomentbelastbaren Hohlkörper (12), der wellenseitig in einem Wellenanschluß (16) und rotorseitig in einem Rotoranschluß (18) endet, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Hohlkörper (12) zwischen dem Wellenanschluß (16) und dem Rotoranschluß (18) einen in Axialrichtung dehnbaren Ausgleichsbereich (20) zwischen dem Wellenanschluß (16) und dem Rotoranschluß (18) zur Kompensation von tempera- turdifferenzbedingten axialen Längenänderungen aufweist.1. A torque transmission means (10) for non-rotatably connecting a shaft (202) and a rotor (200) superconducting turns comprehensive and can be cooled to effect the superconducting state of these turns rotatable rotary machine having a rotation axis (D) having, torque-loadable hollow body (12), which ends in a wave connection (16) on the shaft side and in a rotor connection (18) on the rotor side, characterized in that the hollow body (12) between the shaft connection (16) and the rotor connection (18) has an expansion area (20) which can be stretched in the axial direction ) between the shaft connection (16) and the rotor connection (18) for compensating temperature difference-related axial length changes.
2. Drehmomentübertragungsmittel nach Anspruch I1 dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Hohlkörper (12) mit wenigstens einer sich um die Drehachse (D) herum erstreckenden Falte (22) versehen ist.2. A torque transmitting means according to claim I 1, characterized in that the hollow body (12) with at least one about the rotation axis (D) around extending fold (22) is provided.
3. Drehmomentübertragungsmittel nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Hohlkörper (12) im Ausgleichsbereich (20) faltenbalgförmig geformt ist.3. torque transmission means according to claim 1, characterized in that the hollow body (12) in the compensating region (20) is bellows-shaped.
4. Drehmomentübertragungsmittel nach Anspruch 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Falten (22) von V-förmig gegeneinander stehenden, vorzugsweise über gerundete Faltenrücken (28) ineinander übergehende Faltenwänden (24, 26, 27) gebildet sind.4. torque transmission means according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the folds (22) of V-shaped against each other, preferably via rounded pleat back (28) into one another transition fold walls (24, 26, 27) are formed.
5. Drehmomentübertragungsmittel nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zumindest der Ausgleichsbereich (20), vorzugsweise der Hohlkörper (12), aus einem schlecht wärmeleitenden Material besteht. 5. A torque transmission means according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that at least the compensating region (20), preferably the hollow body (12), consists of a poorly heat-conductive material.
6. Drehmomentübertragungsmittel nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Hohlkörper (12) aus einem faserverstärkten, insbesondere glasfaserverstärkten Kunststoffmaterial hergestellt ist.6. torque transmission means according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the hollow body (12) is made of a fiber-reinforced, in particular glass fiber reinforced plastic material.
7. Drehmomentübertragungsmittel nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Verstärkungsfasern kreuzweise überlappend in das Kunststoffmaterial eingebettet sind.7. torque transmission means according to claim 6, characterized in that the reinforcing fibers are embedded crosswise overlapping in the plastic material.
8. Drehmomentübertragungsmittel nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zwischen dem Ausgleichsbereich (20) und dem Rotoranschluß (18) ein zylindrischer Abschnitt (29) liegt .8. A torque transmission means according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that between the compensation area (20) and the rotor terminal (18) is a cylindrical portion (29).
9. Drehmomentübertragungsmittel nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Wellenanschluß (16) und/oder der Rotoranschluß (18) mit Metallelementen gebildet sind.9. torque transmission means according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the shaft connection (16) and / or the rotor terminal (18) are formed with metal elements.
10. Drehmomentübertragungsmittel nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Wellenanschluß (16) und/oder der Rotoranschluß (18) Aussparungen (32, 40, 51) zum formschlüssigen Eingriff mit rotor- oder wellenseitigen Verbindungselementen aufweist.10. A torque transmission means according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the shaft connection (16) and / or the rotor connection (18) has recesses (32, 40, 51) for positive engagement with rotor- or shaft-side connecting elements.
11. Drehmomentübertragungsmittel nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Aussparungen (32, 40, 52) sich nutenförmig in Axialrichtung oder in Radialrichtung erstrecken.11. A torque transmitting means according to claim 10, characterized in that the recesses (32, 40, 52) extend groove-shaped in the axial direction or in the radial direction.
12. Drehmomentübertragungsmittel nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Aussparungen einen eckigen Querschnitt mit innen abgerundeten Ecken (33) aufweisen. 12. A torque transmission means according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the recesses have a polygonal cross section with inside rounded corners (33).
EP07723258A 2007-03-14 2007-03-14 Torque transmission means for the rotationally fixed connection of a shaft and a rotor Withdrawn EP1994632A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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PCT/EP2007/002253 WO2008110186A1 (en) 2007-03-14 2007-03-14 Torque transmission means for the rotationally fixed connection of a shaft and a rotor

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EP1994632A1 true EP1994632A1 (en) 2008-11-26

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EP (1) EP1994632A1 (en)
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WO2008110186A1 (en) 2008-09-18
CN101627527A (en) 2010-01-13

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