EP1983262B1 - Einstellbares Gitter für eine Verbrennungsvorrichtung - Google Patents

Einstellbares Gitter für eine Verbrennungsvorrichtung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1983262B1
EP1983262B1 EP08397002.0A EP08397002A EP1983262B1 EP 1983262 B1 EP1983262 B1 EP 1983262B1 EP 08397002 A EP08397002 A EP 08397002A EP 1983262 B1 EP1983262 B1 EP 1983262B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
grate
plates
apertures
circle
periphery
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP08397002.0A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1983262A2 (de
EP1983262A3 (de
Inventor
Pauli Pieti
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP1983262A2 publication Critical patent/EP1983262A2/de
Publication of EP1983262A3 publication Critical patent/EP1983262A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1983262B1 publication Critical patent/EP1983262B1/de
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
    • F23H1/00—Grates with solid bars
    • F23H1/06—Grates with solid bars having bars at different levels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
    • F23H5/00—Double grates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
    • F23B1/00—Combustion apparatus using only lump fuel
    • F23B1/16—Combustion apparatus using only lump fuel the combustion apparatus being modified according to the form of grate or other fuel support
    • F23B1/24—Combustion apparatus using only lump fuel the combustion apparatus being modified according to the form of grate or other fuel support using rotating grate
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
    • F23G7/10—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of field or garden waste or biomasses
    • F23G7/105—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of field or garden waste or biomasses of wood waste
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
    • F23H1/00—Grates with solid bars
    • F23H1/02—Grates with solid bars having provision for air supply or air preheating, e.g. air-supply or blast fittings which form a part of the grate structure or serve as supports
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
    • F23H1/00—Grates with solid bars
    • F23H1/04—Grates with solid bars having a variable burning surface
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
    • F23H17/00—Details of grates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
    • F23H9/00—Revolving-grates; Rocking or shaking grates
    • F23H9/02—Revolving cylindrical grates

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a grate and more precisely an adjustable grate for a burning device.
  • a conventional furnace bottom structure may be simply, for example, a bricklaid surface. This is used, for example, in baking ovens. In such a case, no grate is applied at all.
  • Another typical furnace bottom structure consists of a grate which is normally made of cast iron in the shape of some kind of a grid and which is placed on the bottom of a burning device, such as the furnace of a sauna stove.
  • An ash box is normally provided underneath the grate. The draught and the burning of wood are adjusted by opening the ash box slightly or possibly by adjusting air holes in the furnace door.
  • grates being made of two perforated plates or grate elements which are placed on top of each other and which can be rotated or moved in relation to each other in order to make openings of the grate larger or smaller.
  • Document GB 2 081 436 A describes this type of grate.
  • Advanced solid fuels cannot be burnt on the furnaces having adjustable grate of the kind disclosed e.g. in the above mentioned document as such but separate solid fuel burner, such as pellet burner, is required.
  • additional devices are usually quite space consuming which, among others, changes of the visual effect of a fire place and leads to reduced amount of wood being possible to burn in one go in a furnace.
  • the aim of the present invention is to provide a grate which also gives some other advantages.
  • the grate is intended to be used in a burning device which may be, for example, a burning device according to EP 1402217 or EP 1427963 .
  • the grate is intended to be used particularly in such a burning device which is intended for the burning of both chopped firewood and wood pellets.
  • a burning device may be, for example, a heat storing fireplace with a special combustion space where it is possible to burn both pellets and chopped wood.
  • the combustion space consists of a vessel whose side wall is perforated for the passage of air.
  • the grate is on the bottom of the vessel in such a way that the ash space of the fireplace remains under the grate; in other words, the ashes can fall to the ash space through the openings of the grate.
  • the grate consists of two perforated plates which are placed on top of each other and which can be rotated in relation to each other.
  • the plates are circular, or plates of another shape are chamfered in such a way that rotating is possible.
  • the plates are also installed concentrically, wherein they are rotatable in relation to each other around the centres of the plates.
  • one of the plates is stationary and the other plate is rotated with respect to the stationary plate.
  • By rotating at least one of the plates with respect to the other plate it is possible to place the plates in such a way with respect to each other that the apertures in each plate can be used to adjust the size of the openings formed through both of the plates in a suitable way.
  • the apertures in each plate can be aligned in such a way that the size of the openings becomes larger, or the apertures are not quite aligned, in which case the size of the openings becomes smaller.
  • the apertures in at least one of the plates are arranged on the periphery of at least one circle.
  • the apertures arranged on the periphery of the circle are elongated so that they are longer in the direction of the periphery of the circle than in the radial direction of the circle.
  • the elongated shape of the apertures and the fact that the longitudinal direction of the aperture is substantially parallel to the periphery are important.
  • both of the plates are similar, whereas the lower plate is perforated in said location, as will be shown in the drawings below.
  • the upper plate is equipped with a central hole for a so-called combustion tube or fire tube. It is also possible that the lower plate is not perforated. This embodiment is particularly advantageous because of its resistance in practice, since the grate is not warped by the effect of heat and its usable life is thus long.
  • the combustion tube is a tube extending centrally upwards in the combustion space and having open ends and a perforated side wall.
  • the combustion tube is used together with holes in the wall of the combustion space to generate, when pellets are burnt, a flow of combustion gases into the combustion tube, in which the combustion gases are burnt.
  • the combustion tube can also be used for turning the upper plate of the grate, for adjusting the openings of the grate.
  • the combustion tube is normally not used when chopped wood is burnt.
  • the desired function can also be achieved, for example by equipping the upper plate with elongated apertures arranged on the periphery of a circle, but the lower plate with apertures whose longitudinal direction is in the radial direction of the circle; in other words, the single apertures of the lower plate can form openings extending through the plates with several apertures of the upper plate.
  • the grate may also comprise firing tubes for conveying a material for facilitating the ignition and auxiliary air ducts for conveying air.
  • firing tubes for conveying a material for facilitating the ignition
  • auxiliary air ducts for conveying air.
  • FIG. 1 shows a grate according to the invention seen in a slanted view in the "burning position"
  • Fig. 2 shows the grate according to the invention in the ash removal position.
  • the grates shown in the figures are depicted as plates 2, 3 with a circular form, but in view of the function of the invention it is insignificant whether the plates have a circular or different shape. What is essential, however, is that the mutual position of the plates 2, 3 can be changed by rotating with respect to a given point.
  • the grate 1 consists of two substantially plate-like elements 2, 3 placed on top of each other and connected to each other in a suitable way to form a compact unit.
  • the grate 1 is mounted or supported to the burning device in any way known as such, normally at the lower grate element 2.
  • a suitable space is left for ash underneath the grate 1.
  • the upper plate 3 is provided with an octagonal central hole. This opening is intended to accommodate a "fire tube” according to an embodiment in use, for rotating the upper grate element.
  • the central part of the lower grate element 2 is equipped with perforations 5 to allow the flow of air from below into the combustion space.
  • the lower grate element 2 is also equipped with a central hole 9, through which it is also possible, in some embodiments, to introduce air into the combustion space. If both of the grate elements 2 and 3 are equipped with corresponding holes, a pin-like or sleeve-like shaft element can be placed through the holes to keep the elements 2 and 3 together. On the other hand, the hole 9 can also be covered, if necessary.
  • tubular parts marked with the reference numeral 4 are intended for conducting air from below into the combustion space.
  • the plate 2 is equipped with a number of circumferentially arranged apertures 6 which are elongated in this embodiment.
  • the upper grate element 3 is, in principle, plate-like and equipped with apertures 6 corresponding to the apertures 6 of the lower grate element 2.
  • the apertures 6 are on top of each other, wherein the same reference numeral 6 indicates the apertures of both grate elements 2 and 3.
  • the apertures 6 are substantially identical in both of the grate elements 2, 3.
  • the apertures 6 are open as much as possible. This position could be called the ash removal position, because the removal of the ash produced by burning is then easy and possible through the apertures 6.
  • the upper grate element 3 can be turned to a fixed angle in relation to the grate element 2 in a rotating manner. As can be easily seen, by turning it is possible to make the size of the apertures 6 larger and smaller from the small size of Fig. 1 to the large size of Fig. 2 in a stepless manner.
  • the pin-like parts indicated with the reference numeral 7 are hollow, and via them it is possible to facilitate the ignition of the material to be burnt, because any material to facilitate ignition can be introduced via the tubes 7 into the combustion space which is placed on top of the grate 1, as is obvious.
  • the tubes 7 can conduct air heated outside to facilitate the ignition.
  • tubular parts 7 Another function of the tubular parts 7 is to facilitate the sticking together of the grate elements 2 and 3.
  • the grate elements 2 and 3 are primarily kept together, for example, by means of a pin inserted in the central hole in the grate 1 or by providing either one of the grate elements 2, 3 with a collar or the like that is supported by parts in the other grate element.
  • the parts 7 are also used as stops for the movement between the grate elements 2, 3.
  • the movement between the grate elements 2 and 3 is limited to a suitable range, for example, by means of a stop pin indicated with the reference numeral 8.
  • the pin 8 is fixed to the upper grate element 3 and it moves in a slot in the lower grate element 2. It is obvious that there are also many other ways of stopping which are known in abundance from a variety of technical fields. Because the function of the movement is to open and close the apertures 6, the required movement is relatively small, maybe in the order of about 15 degrees in the average, wherein the part 8 is suitable for this purpose.
  • the upper grate element 3 can be equipped with a suitable protrusion not indicated herein. If the structure according to the invention is used in connection with a generally cylindrical burning device, the protrusion could be a kind of a handle which is visible at the side and by means of which the burning process can be easily adjusted by changing the size of the openings 6.
  • the material for producing the grate according to the invention is particularly a plate made of metal, such as cast iron.
  • the material thickness and the size of the openings and the other details are always selected according to the use.
  • the adjustment of the combustion is efficient when the grate according to the invention is used.
  • the adjustment of the air-introducing aperture means pure combustion and also efficient combustion.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
  • Solid-Fuel Combustion (AREA)

Claims (7)

  1. Gitter (1) zur Verwendung in einer Verbrennungsvorrichtung, wobei das Gitter (1)
    - aus zwei Platten (2, 3), einer oberen Platte (3) und einer unteren Platte (2) besteht, die übereinander angeordnet und relativ zueinander um einen gegebenen Punkt drehbar sind,
    - wobei beide Platten Öffnungen (6) aufweisen, wobei die Öffnungen (6) so angeordnet sind, dass durch Drehung der Platten (2, 3) relativ zueinander die Öffnungen durch beide Platten (2, 3), die durch mehr oder weniger ausgerichtete Öffnungen (6) beider Platten (2, 3) gebildet werden, größer oder kleiner eingestellt werden können,
    - wobei zumindest einige der Öffnungen (6) in mindestens einer der Platten (2, 3) auf dem Umfang eines Kreises angeordnet sind, und
    - wobei die auf dem Umfang eines Kreises angeordneten Öffnungen (6) verlängert sind, so dass sie in Richtung des Umfangs des Kreises länger sind als in Richtung des Radius des Kreises,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die obere Platte (3) ein Mittelloch für ein Verbrennungsrohr oder ein Feuerrohr aufweist.
  2. Gitter (1) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zumindest ein Teil der Öffnungen (6) beider Platten (2, 3) auf dem Umfang des gleichen Kreises angeordnet ist.
  3. Gitter (1) nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Gitter rohrförmige Zündrohre (7) zum Zuführen eines Materials zum leichteren Zünden aufweist.
  4. Gitter (1) nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Gitter rohrförmige Zusatzluftleitungen (4) aufweist, die sich zur Zufuhr von Luft von unterhalb der unteren Platte (2) zu deren oberen Fläche erstrecken.
  5. Gitter (1) nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Öffnungen (6) beider Platten (2, 3) auf dem Umfang von mindestens zwei Kreisen unterschiedlicher Größen angeordnet sind.
  6. Gitter (1) nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die untere Platte (2) der übereinander angeordneten Platten (2, 3) in dem Bereich zwischen den Öffnungen (6) mit Luftlöchern (5) versehen ist.
  7. Gitter (1) nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die gemeinsame Bewegung durch einen Ritz und einen sich darin bewegenden Stift (8) begrenzt ist.
EP08397002.0A 2007-04-05 2008-04-03 Einstellbares Gitter für eine Verbrennungsvorrichtung Not-in-force EP1983262B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI20070265A FI123850B (fi) 2007-04-05 2007-04-05 Rosti

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1983262A2 EP1983262A2 (de) 2008-10-22
EP1983262A3 EP1983262A3 (de) 2008-12-24
EP1983262B1 true EP1983262B1 (de) 2014-01-08

Family

ID=38009807

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP08397002.0A Not-in-force EP1983262B1 (de) 2007-04-05 2008-04-03 Einstellbares Gitter für eine Verbrennungsvorrichtung

Country Status (2)

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EP (1) EP1983262B1 (de)
FI (1) FI123850B (de)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BR122019000133B1 (pt) 2010-11-08 2020-09-15 Ze Energy Inc Reformador para reformação de gás de destilação seco e sistema de reformação
GB2534916A (en) * 2015-02-05 2016-08-10 Atkins John Improved grate assembly for a gasifier
DE102015208923B4 (de) * 2015-05-13 2019-01-03 Entrade Energiesysteme Ag Zyklonabscheider sowie Festbettvergaser zum Erzeugen eines Produktgases aus kohlenstoffhaltigen Einsatzstoffen mit einem solchen Zyklonabscheider
CN105091003A (zh) * 2015-07-27 2015-11-25 佛山市南海区松岗华然五金厂 一种生物质燃烧器的活动翻板快速清灰结构
CN113587081B (zh) * 2021-07-15 2024-02-09 宁波久丰热电有限公司 一种燃煤锅炉燃烧系统
EP4227580A1 (de) 2022-02-09 2023-08-16 Pauli Pieti Für feste brennstoffe bestimmte feuerstelle, die mit einer mehrbrennstoffvorrichtung in ihrem brennplatz ausgestattet ist

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR374666A (fr) * 1907-02-15 1907-06-20 Uise, Colin Et Cie Nouveau mode de construction des calorifères à feu continu ou à combustion lente
DE936230C (de) * 1951-11-13 1955-12-07 Carl Alfred Simon Rost mit zwei uebereinander liegenden Rostplatten
GB2081436B (en) 1980-08-06 1983-10-26 Pennington Richards Cyril Mont Solid fuel burning stoves
EP0295756A3 (de) * 1987-06-18 1989-05-31 Liets Agrarische Technieken B.V. Heizgerät
DE3774877D1 (de) * 1987-08-28 1992-01-09 Vfm Verkoop Fab Metaalprod Rost fuer feuerstaette, ofen und heizkessel.
ATE426132T1 (de) 2001-05-18 2009-04-15 Pauli Pieti Brenner fur festen brennstoff
FI109723B (fi) 2001-08-22 2002-09-30 Onni Hytoenen Polttoväline

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1983262A2 (de) 2008-10-22
EP1983262A3 (de) 2008-12-24
FI123850B (fi) 2013-11-15
FI20070265A0 (fi) 2007-04-05
FI20070265L (fi) 2008-10-06

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