EP1982148A2 - Linear guide unit with length measuring system - Google Patents

Linear guide unit with length measuring system

Info

Publication number
EP1982148A2
EP1982148A2 EP06841352A EP06841352A EP1982148A2 EP 1982148 A2 EP1982148 A2 EP 1982148A2 EP 06841352 A EP06841352 A EP 06841352A EP 06841352 A EP06841352 A EP 06841352A EP 1982148 A2 EP1982148 A2 EP 1982148A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
linear guide
guide unit
unit according
material measure
clamping sleeve
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP06841352A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Dietmar Rudy
Martin Menges
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG
Original Assignee
Schaeffler KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Schaeffler KG filed Critical Schaeffler KG
Publication of EP1982148A2 publication Critical patent/EP1982148A2/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C29/00—Bearings for parts moving only linearly
    • F16C29/04—Ball or roller bearings
    • F16C29/06—Ball or roller bearings in which the rolling bodies circulate partly without carrying load
    • F16C29/0633—Ball or roller bearings in which the rolling bodies circulate partly without carrying load with a bearing body defining a U-shaped carriage, i.e. surrounding a guide rail or track on three sides
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C41/00—Other accessories, e.g. devices integrated in the bearing not relating to the bearing function as such
    • F16C41/007—Encoders, e.g. parts with a plurality of alternating magnetic poles
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B7/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
    • G01B7/003—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring position, not involving coordinate determination
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/12—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means
    • G01D5/14—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage
    • G01D5/20—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage by varying inductance, e.g. by a movable armature
    • G01D5/204—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage by varying inductance, e.g. by a movable armature by influencing the mutual induction between two or more coils
    • G01D5/2046—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage by varying inductance, e.g. by a movable armature by influencing the mutual induction between two or more coils by a movable ferromagnetic element, e.g. a core

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a linear guide unit provided with a length measuring system.
  • Such linear guide units are used for example in machine tool or in transport devices of assembly lines or in wood processing.
  • the length measuring systems enable a highly accurate positioning of the carriages at predetermined positions.
  • a linear bearing with a device for measuring wherein a guide carriage is arranged longitudinally displaceable on a guide rail.
  • the carriage is provided with a measuring head on the front side.
  • the guide rail is provided on its upper side with a groove into which a material measure is inserted.
  • the material measure is formed here in one piece with a cover strip, which is held non-positively in the groove of the guide rail.
  • the material measure can be glued to the ribbon. If a change in the material measure is required, this can only be achieved by replacing the material measure with the masking tape.
  • the scale or the material measure is adhered to the guide rail as delivered. In this case, a replacement of a material measure without replacement of the guide rail is difficult.
  • Object of the present invention is to provide a linear guide unit according to the features of the preamble of claim 1, in which an exchange of the material measure is easily possible. According to the invention, this object is achieved in that the material measure in a the Measuring standard carrying hollow body is arranged, which is arranged at a distance from the guide rail and mounted at its ends.
  • the invention offers several advantages. First, it is ensured that the material measure can be replaced independently of the guide rail. For a change of the material measure, the guide rail need not be solved nor a masking tape to be removed. The material measure to be exchanged only needs to be removed from the hollow body, for example a pipe, and replaced by another material measure.
  • linear guide units can be realized with very long travel distances, without the need for additional supports for the material measure to avoid unwanted bending of the material measure; because the material measure only needs to be introduced into the hollow body, in which it is then supported evenly over its entire longitudinal extent.
  • a lubricant that reduces the sliding friction in contact of the material measure with the inner wall of the hollow body.
  • the material measure can be arranged within the clearance of the linear guide unit.
  • the width and height of the clearance profile of linear guide units are described in DIN 645-1 and -2 in the form of a table in which standardized sizes of the guide carriage are specified.
  • the manufacturers of linear guide units are held to this DIN.
  • the advantage of normalization is that for planning of assembly lines, for example, resorted to this standard and the required space requirements for the linear guide of objects can be well planned.
  • the integration of the material measure within the clearance gauge thus restricts the applicability of this standard in any way.
  • the choice of the known length measuring systems is not limited by the fact that the guide rail is usually made of steel. If the length measuring system is based on the inductive measuring principle, this measuring principle could not be used without special additional measures; because the usually formed of magnetic steel guide rail would complicate a perfect measurement at least. In contrast, in the case of the solution according to the invention, it is sufficient in this case to form the hollow body from a suitable material, for example plastic or non-magnetic steel.
  • clamping sleeve may be mounted at its two ends in each case on a bearing block and acted upon between these bearing blocks with a tensile stress.
  • the tension supports a perfect linear arrangement of the material measure, because it avoids sagging or bending of the scale carrying the clamping sleeve.
  • the tension can be applied by means of a tensioning device.
  • the clamping device on a clamping nut which is screwed onto a provided at one end of the clamping sleeve screw thread.
  • This screw thread can be mounted directly on the jacket of the clamping sleeve, but it can also be formed on a separate threaded sleeve, which is placed on the one end of the clamping sleeve and fastened thereto - eg. Welded - is.
  • the hollow body formed as a tube or clamping sleeve is mounted at its two ends in each case on a bearing block, which may be formed, for example, by a prism.
  • the above-mentioned clamping nut can be axially supported on one of these bearing blocks in order to transmit the axial tensile force of the clamped clamping sleeve to the one bearing block.
  • the clamping sleeve is then supported at its other end also axially on the other bearing block.
  • the material measure may comprise, for example, a stainless steel tube which is filled with a plurality of chromium-nickel elements arranged one behind the other.
  • the measuring head may be, for example, an aluminum casting containing a coil assembly and electronics.
  • the measuring head can surround the tubular measuring scale annularly.
  • the measuring head can be provided with a multiplicity of receiver coil sets. Each set may consist of four identical angles arranged at intervals of one pitch. Because of this distance, each coil is positioned in one set over an identical part of an adjacent chromium-nickel element. All coils of a set are connected in series.
  • the drive coil Due to the chromium-nickel element in the scale, the magnetic permeability of the scale changes periodically over a pitch.
  • the voltage induced in each group of probe coils changes according to the relative positions of the coils to the underlying chromium-nickel elements.
  • the coils are spaced so that when one group of coils is at the maximum, another group that is one-half of the chromium-nickel element pitch is at the minimum.
  • These coil pairs are differentially combined to produce signals that change with the shift. These combined signals are phase-shifted by the electronic circuits in the measuring head. postponed. The signals are added and filtered. The result is an output signal whose phase changes as the probe moves along the scale.
  • the inventively provided hollow body is formed of non-magnetic material. In this way it is ensured that magnetic field lines, as they occur in the measuring principle described above, are not disturbed.
  • FIG. 1 shows a linear guide unit according to the invention in perspective
  • Figure 2 is a schematic representation of the linear guide unit according to the invention in partial longitudinal section.
  • the linear guide unit according to the invention shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 has a guide carriage 2 guided longitudinally displaceably on a guide rail 1.
  • rolling elements not further illustrated here roll on raceways of the guide rail and the guide carriage under load. These tracks limit a load channel.
  • the rolling elements run in endless WälzSystemkanälen, each WälzSystem- channel having the already mentioned load channel, a return channel, and two the return passage and the load channel endlessly connecting deflection channels.
  • the deflection channels and the return channels are completely provided in the guide carriage 2.
  • the carriage 2 engages with its two legs 5, the guide rail 1, wherein the two legs 5 are connected to each other via a back 6.
  • On the one leg 5 is a through hole. 7 formed, through which a clamping sleeve 12 is passed.
  • This passage opening 7 is in the present case designed as a bore 8.
  • This leg 5 is provided to the one with only a dashed line indicated recess 9, in which a measuring head 3 of a length measuring device is used.
  • the clamping sleeve 12 is mounted at its two ends in each case on a bearing block 10, 1 1, both of which are designed as a fixed bearing.
  • the guide rail 1 has seen in cross-section on a prism-shaped profile.
  • the bearing blocks 10, 1 1 are provided with a corresponding prismatic profile, so that the bearing blocks 10, 1 1 are properly aligned with the guide rail 1.
  • the proper alignment of the bearing blocks 10, 1 1 ensures that the clamping sleeve 12 is arranged properly parallel to the guide rail 1.
  • the linear guide unit according to the invention furthermore comprises the length measuring system, which has a measuring head 3 and a measuring graduation 4 clearly illustrated in FIG.
  • This length measuring system works on the induction principle.
  • This material measure 4 comprises a stainless steel tube in which a plurality of chromium-nickel elements 4a arranged at a predetermined distance are arranged.
  • the measuring head 3 is equipped so that 3 sinusoidal signals are generated in a relative displacement between the material measure 4 and the measuring head, which are used for an evaluation.
  • These measuring graduations 4 can be accommodated in a favorable manner within the clearance gauge of the guide carriage 2 and thus also within the clearance profile of the linear guidance unit.
  • the measuring graduation 4 is arranged in the clamping sleeve 12 formed of non-magnetic material.
  • the material measure 4 is supported over its entire extension to the clamping sleeve 12 and protected therein.
  • the clamping sleeve 12 is fixed at one end to the one bearing block 1 1. For this purpose, this end is provided with a holding sleeve 13, which is axially supported on the bearing block 1 1.
  • a threaded sleeve 14 is welded on the other end of the clamping sleeve 12.
  • a clamping nut 15 is screwed, which is axially supported on the bearing block 10. Under a screwing movement of the clamping nut 15, an axial tensile stress can be applied to the clamping sleeve 12, so that a sagging of the clamping sleeve 12 is excluded in any case.
  • a tube can be used, which is fixed to the one bearing block 1 1 as in the case of the clamping sleeve.
  • the other end of this tube is mounted on the bearing block 10 in the manner of a floating bearing.
  • Such pipes can be used if bending of the pipe, for example due to reduced pipe length or due to sufficient pipe rigidity can be excluded.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Transmission And Conversion Of Sensor Element Output (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices With Unspecified Measuring Means (AREA)
  • A Measuring Device Byusing Mechanical Method (AREA)
  • Bearings For Parts Moving Linearly (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Length, Angles, Or The Like Using Electric Or Magnetic Means (AREA)

Abstract

Disclosed is a linear guide unit, comprising a guiding carriage (2) that can be moved in the longitudinal direction on a guide rail (1) and a length measuring system provided with a measuring head (3) that cooperates with a material measure (4) arranged parallel to the guide rail (1), wherein the material measure (4) is arranged in a hollow body carrying said material measure (4), the hollow body being located at a distance to the guide rail (1) and being mounted at its ends.

Description

Linearführungseinheit mit Längenmesssystem Linear guide unit with length measuring system
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine mit einem Längenmesssystem versehene Linearführungseinheit. Derartige Linearführungseinheiten werden beispielsweise im Werkzeugmaschinenbau oder in Transportvorrichtungen von Montagestraßen oder in der Holzverarbeitung eingesetzt. Die Längenmess- systeme ermöglichen eine hochgenaue Positionierung der Führungswagen an vorbestimmten Positionen.The present invention relates to a linear guide unit provided with a length measuring system. Such linear guide units are used for example in machine tool or in transport devices of assembly lines or in wood processing. The length measuring systems enable a highly accurate positioning of the carriages at predetermined positions.
Aus DE 199 41 587 A1 beispielsweise ist ein Linearlager mit einer Einrichtung zum Messen bekannt geworden, wobei ein Führungswagen auf einer Führungsschiene längsverschieblich angeordnet ist. Der Führungswagen ist stirnseitig mit einem Messkopf versehen. Die Führungsschiene ist an ihrer Oberseite mit einer Nut versehen, in die eine Maßverkörperung eingesetzt ist. Die Maßverkörperung ist hier einteilig mit einem Abdeckband ausgebildet, das kraftschlüssig in der Nut der Führungsschiene gehalten ist. Alternativ kann die Maßverkörperung an das Flachband aufgeklebt werden. Sollte ein Wechsel der Maßverkörperung erforderlich werden, gelingt dies nur durch Austausch der Maßverkörperung mit dem Abdeckband.From DE 199 41 587 A1, for example, a linear bearing with a device for measuring has become known, wherein a guide carriage is arranged longitudinally displaceable on a guide rail. The carriage is provided with a measuring head on the front side. The guide rail is provided on its upper side with a groove into which a material measure is inserted. The material measure is formed here in one piece with a cover strip, which is held non-positively in the groove of the guide rail. Alternatively, the material measure can be glued to the ribbon. If a change in the material measure is required, this can only be achieved by replacing the material measure with the masking tape.
Bei anderen bekannten Linearlagern mit integrierten Messsystemen ist im Anlieferungszustand der Maßstab oder die Maßverkörperung mit der Füh- rungsschiene verklebt. In diesem Fall ist ein Austausch einer Maßverkörperung ohne einen Austausch der Führungsschiene nur schwer möglich.In the case of other known linear bearings with integrated measuring systems, the scale or the material measure is adhered to the guide rail as delivered. In this case, a replacement of a material measure without replacement of the guide rail is difficult.
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, eine Linearführungseinheit nach den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffs des Anspruchs 1 anzugeben, bei der ein Austausch der Maßverkörperung problemlos möglich ist. Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe dadurch gelöst, dass die Maßverkörperung in einem die Maßverkörperung tragenden Hohlkörper angeordnet ist, der mit Abstand zu der Führungsschiene angeordnet und an seinen Enden gelagert ist.Object of the present invention is to provide a linear guide unit according to the features of the preamble of claim 1, in which an exchange of the material measure is easily possible. According to the invention, this object is achieved in that the material measure in a the Measuring standard carrying hollow body is arranged, which is arranged at a distance from the guide rail and mounted at its ends.
Die Erfindung bietet mehrere Vorteile. Erstens ist sichergestellt, dass die Maßverkörperung unabhängig von der Führungsschiene ausgetauscht werden kann. Für einen Wechsel der Maßverkörperung braucht die Führungsschiene weder gelöst noch ein Abdeckband entfernt zu werden. Die auszutauschende Maßverkörperung braucht lediglich aus dem Hohlkörper - bspw. ein Rohr - entfernt und durch eine andere Maßverkörperung ersetzt zu wer- den.The invention offers several advantages. First, it is ensured that the material measure can be replaced independently of the guide rail. For a change of the material measure, the guide rail need not be solved nor a masking tape to be removed. The material measure to be exchanged only needs to be removed from the hollow body, for example a pipe, and replaced by another material measure.
Ferner können Linearführungseinheiten mit sehr großen Verfahrwegen realisiert werden, ohne dass es zusätzlicher Stützen für die Maßverkörperung zur Vermeidung unerwünschten Durchbiegens der Maßverkörperung bedarf; denn die Maßverkörperung braucht lediglich in den Hohlkörper eingeführt zu werden, in dem sie dann über ihre gesamte Längserstreckung gleichmäßig gestützt ist. Zur problemlosen Einführung der Maßverkörperung in den Hohlkörper mag es zweckmäßig sein, ein Gleitmittel zu verwenden, das im Kontakt der Maßverkörperung mit der inneren Wandung des Hohlkörpers die Gleitreibung reduziert.Furthermore, linear guide units can be realized with very long travel distances, without the need for additional supports for the material measure to avoid unwanted bending of the material measure; because the material measure only needs to be introduced into the hollow body, in which it is then supported evenly over its entire longitudinal extent. For problem-free introduction of the material measure in the hollow body, it may be appropriate to use a lubricant that reduces the sliding friction in contact of the material measure with the inner wall of the hollow body.
Ein weiterer Vorteil kann darin gesehen werden, dass die Maßverkörperung innerhalb des Lichtraumprofils der Linearführungseinheit angeordnet werden kann. Die Breite und die Höhe des Lichtraumprofils von Linearführungsein- heiten sind in der DIN 645-1 und -2 in Form einer Tabelle beschrieben, in der normierte Größen des Führungswagens angegeben sind. Die Hersteller von Linearführungseinheiten sind an diese DIN gehalten. Für Anwender derartiger Linearführungseinheiten zeigt sich der Vorteil der Normierung darin, dass für die Planung beispielsweise von Montagestraßen auf diese Norm zurückgegriffen und der erforderliche Bauraumbedarf für die Linearführung von Gegenständen gut eingeplant werden kann. Die Integration der Maßverkörperung innerhalb des Lichtraumprofils schränkt somit die Anwendbar- keit dieser Norm in keiner Weise ein.Another advantage can be seen in the fact that the material measure can be arranged within the clearance of the linear guide unit. The width and height of the clearance profile of linear guide units are described in DIN 645-1 and -2 in the form of a table in which standardized sizes of the guide carriage are specified. The manufacturers of linear guide units are held to this DIN. For users of such linear guide units, the advantage of normalization is that for planning of assembly lines, for example, resorted to this standard and the required space requirements for the linear guide of objects can be well planned. The integration of the material measure within the clearance gauge thus restricts the applicability of this standard in any way.
Ein weiterer Vorteil kann darin gesehen werden, dass die Maßverkörperung in dem Hohlkörper geschützt ist vor Kontakt bspw. mit Metallspänen oder Flüssigkeiten.Another advantage can be seen in the fact that the material measure is protected in the hollow body before contact eg. With metal shavings or liquids.
Ein weiterer besonderer Vorteil kann darin gesehen werden, dass die Auswahl aus den bekannten Längenmesssystemen nicht beschränkt ist durch die Tatsache, dass die Führungsschiene üblicherweise aus Stahl hergestellt ist. Wenn das Längenmesssystem auf dem induktiven Messprinzip beruht, könnte dieses Messprinzip ohne besonderer zusätzlicher Maßnahmen nicht zum Einsatz kommen; denn die üblicherweise aus magnetischem Stahl gebildete Führungsschiene würde eine einwandfreie Messung zumindest erschweren. Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Lösung hingegen genügt es in die- sem Fall, den Hohlkörper aus einem geeigneten Werkstoff zu bilden, bspw. Kunststoff oder unmagnetischen Stahl.Another particular advantage can be seen in the fact that the choice of the known length measuring systems is not limited by the fact that the guide rail is usually made of steel. If the length measuring system is based on the inductive measuring principle, this measuring principle could not be used without special additional measures; because the usually formed of magnetic steel guide rail would complicate a perfect measurement at least. In contrast, in the case of the solution according to the invention, it is sufficient in this case to form the hollow body from a suitable material, for example plastic or non-magnetic steel.
Wenn große Verfahrwege realisiert werden sollen, kann es zweckmäßig sein, eine den Hohlkörper bildende Spannhülse axial einzuspannen. Die Spannhülse kann an ihren beiden Enden jeweils an einem Lagerbock gelagert und zwischen diesen Lagerböcken mit einer Zugspannung beaufschlagt sein. Die Zugspannung unterstützt eine einwandfreie lineare Anordnung der Maßverkörperung, denn sie vermeidet ein Durchhängen oder Durchbiegen der die Maßverkörperung tragenden Spannhülse.If large travels are to be realized, it may be expedient to axially clamp a clamping sleeve forming the hollow body. The clamping sleeve may be mounted at its two ends in each case on a bearing block and acted upon between these bearing blocks with a tensile stress. The tension supports a perfect linear arrangement of the material measure, because it avoids sagging or bending of the scale carrying the clamping sleeve.
Die Zugspannung kann mithilfe einer Spanneinrichtung aufgebracht werden. In einer vorteilhaften Ausbildung weist die Spanneinrichtung eine Spannmutter auf, die auf ein an einem Ende der Spannhülse vorgesehenes Schraubgewinde aufgeschraubt ist. Dieses Schraubgewinde kann unmittelbar am Mantel der Spannhülse angebracht sein, es kann aber auch an einer separaten Gewindehülse gebildet sein, die auf das eine Ende der Spannhülse aufgesetzt und daran befestigt - bspw. angeschweißt - ist. Vorzugsweise ist der als Rohr oder Spannhülse ausgebildete Hohlkörper an seinen beiden Enden jeweils an einem Lagerbock gelagert, der bspw. durch ein Prisma gebildet sein kann. Die oben erwähnte Spannmutter kann an ei- nem dieser Lagerböcke axial abgestützt sein, um die axiale Zugkraft der eingespannten Spannhülse auf den einen Lagerbock zu übertragen. Die Spannhülse ist dann an ihrem anderen Ende ebenfalls axial an dem anderen Lagerbock abgestützt.The tension can be applied by means of a tensioning device. In an advantageous embodiment, the clamping device on a clamping nut which is screwed onto a provided at one end of the clamping sleeve screw thread. This screw thread can be mounted directly on the jacket of the clamping sleeve, but it can also be formed on a separate threaded sleeve, which is placed on the one end of the clamping sleeve and fastened thereto - eg. Welded - is. Preferably, the hollow body formed as a tube or clamping sleeve is mounted at its two ends in each case on a bearing block, which may be formed, for example, by a prism. The above-mentioned clamping nut can be axially supported on one of these bearing blocks in order to transmit the axial tensile force of the clamped clamping sleeve to the one bearing block. The clamping sleeve is then supported at its other end also axially on the other bearing block.
Es hat sich herausgestellt, dass Längenmesssysteme für die vorliegende Erfindung besonders günstig sind, die auf dem induktiven Messprinzip beruhen. Bei dem induktiven Messprinzip kann die Maßverkörperung beispielsweise ein Edelstahlrohr aufweisen, das mit einer Vielzahl hintereinander angeordneter Chrom-Nickel-Elementen gefüllt ist. In diesem Fall kann der Messkopf beispielsweise ein Aluminiumgussteil sein, das eine Spulenbaugruppe und Elektronik enthält. Der Messkopf kann die rohrförmige Maßverkörperung ringförmig umgreifen. Der Messkopf kann mit einer Vielzahl von Empfängerspulensätzen versehen sein. Jeder Satz kann aus vier identischen Winklungen bestehen, die in Abständen von einer Teilung angeordnet sind. Aufgrund dieses Abstandes ist jede Spule in einem Satz über einem identischen Teil eines benachbarten Chrom-Nickel-Elementes positioniert. Alle Spulen eines Satzes sind in Reihe geschaltet. Über den Tastspulen befindet sich die Ansteuerungsspule. Durch das Chrom-Nickel-Element im Maßstab ändert sich die magnetische Durchlässigkeit des Maßstabs perio- disch über eine Teilung. Die in jeder Gruppe von Tastspulen induzierte Spannung ändert sich gemäß den relativen Positionen der Spulen zu den darunter liegenden Chrom-Nickel-Elementen. Die Spulen haben einen solchen Abstand, dass wenn eine Gruppe Spulen am Maximum ist, eine andere Gruppe, die eine halbe Chrom-Nickel-Element Teilung entfernt ist, am Minimum ist. Diese Spulenpaare werden differenziell kombiniert, um Signale zu erzeugen, die sich mit der Verschiebung ändern. Diese kombinierten Signale werden von den Elektronikschaltungen im Messkopf phasenver- schoben. Die Signale werden addiert und gefiltert. Das Ergebnis ist ein Ausgangssignal, dessen Phase sich ändert, wenn der Messkopf an der Maßverkörperung entlang verschoben wird.It has been found that length measuring systems are particularly favorable for the present invention, which are based on the inductive measuring principle. In the case of the inductive measuring principle, the material measure may comprise, for example, a stainless steel tube which is filled with a plurality of chromium-nickel elements arranged one behind the other. In this case, the measuring head may be, for example, an aluminum casting containing a coil assembly and electronics. The measuring head can surround the tubular measuring scale annularly. The measuring head can be provided with a multiplicity of receiver coil sets. Each set may consist of four identical angles arranged at intervals of one pitch. Because of this distance, each coil is positioned in one set over an identical part of an adjacent chromium-nickel element. All coils of a set are connected in series. Above the key coils is the drive coil. Due to the chromium-nickel element in the scale, the magnetic permeability of the scale changes periodically over a pitch. The voltage induced in each group of probe coils changes according to the relative positions of the coils to the underlying chromium-nickel elements. The coils are spaced so that when one group of coils is at the maximum, another group that is one-half of the chromium-nickel element pitch is at the minimum. These coil pairs are differentially combined to produce signals that change with the shift. These combined signals are phase-shifted by the electronic circuits in the measuring head. postponed. The signals are added and filtered. The result is an output signal whose phase changes as the probe moves along the scale.
In vorteilhafter Weise ist der erfindungsgemäß vorgesehene Hohlkörper aus unmagnetischem Werkstoff gebildet. Auf diese Weise ist sichergestellt, dass magnetische Feldlinien, wie sie bei dem zuvor beschriebenen Messprinzip auftreten, nicht gestört werden.Advantageously, the inventively provided hollow body is formed of non-magnetic material. In this way it is ensured that magnetic field lines, as they occur in the measuring principle described above, are not disturbed.
Nachstehend wird die Erfindung anhand eines in insgesamt zwei Figuren abgebildeten Ausführungsbeispieles näher erläutert. Es zeigen:The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to an embodiment shown in a total of two figures. Show it:
Figur 1 eine erfindungsgemäße Linearführungseinheit in perspektivischer1 shows a linear guide unit according to the invention in perspective
Darstellung undPresentation and
Figur 2 eine schematische Darstellung der erfindungsgemäße Linearführungseinheit in teilweisem Längsschnitt.Figure 2 is a schematic representation of the linear guide unit according to the invention in partial longitudinal section.
Die in den Figuren 1 und 2 abgebildete erfindungsgemäße Linearführungs- einheit weist einen auf einer Führungsschiene 1 längsverschieblich geführten Führungswagen 2 auf. In bekannter Weise wälzen hier nicht weiter abgebildete Wälzkörper an Laufbahnen der Führungsschiene und des Führungswagen unter Last ab. Diese Laufbahnen begrenzen einen Lastkanal. Die Wälzkörper laufen in endlosen Wälzkörperkanälen um, wobei jeder Wälzkörper- kanal den bereits erwähnten Lastkanal, einen Rücklaufkanal, und zwei den Rücklaufkanal und den Lastkanal endlos verbindende Umlenkkanäle aufweist. Die Umlenkkanäle und die Rückführungskanäle sind vollständig in dem Führungswagen 2 vorgesehen.The linear guide unit according to the invention shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 has a guide carriage 2 guided longitudinally displaceably on a guide rail 1. In a known manner, rolling elements not further illustrated here roll on raceways of the guide rail and the guide carriage under load. These tracks limit a load channel. The rolling elements run in endless Wälzkörperkanälen, each Wälzkörper- channel having the already mentioned load channel, a return channel, and two the return passage and the load channel endlessly connecting deflection channels. The deflection channels and the return channels are completely provided in the guide carriage 2.
Der Führungswagen 2 umgreift mit seinen zwei Schenkeln 5 die Führungsschiene 1 , wobei die beiden Schenkel 5 über einen Rücken 6 miteinander verbunden sind. An dem einen Schenkel 5 ist eine Durchgangsöffnung 7 ausgebildet, durch die eine Spannhülse 12 hindurchgeführt ist. Diese Durchgangsöffnung 7 ist vorliegend als Bohrung 8 ausgeführt. Dieser Schenkel 5 ist zu dem mit einer hier nur gestrichelt angedeuteten Ausnehmung 9 versehen, in die ein Messkopf 3 einer Längenmesseinrichtung eingesetzt ist.The carriage 2 engages with its two legs 5, the guide rail 1, wherein the two legs 5 are connected to each other via a back 6. On the one leg 5 is a through hole. 7 formed, through which a clamping sleeve 12 is passed. This passage opening 7 is in the present case designed as a bore 8. This leg 5 is provided to the one with only a dashed line indicated recess 9, in which a measuring head 3 of a length measuring device is used.
Die Spannhülse 12 ist an ihren beiden Enden jeweils an einem Lagerbock 10, 1 1 gelagert, die beide als Festlager ausgeführt sind. Die Führungsschiene 1 weist im Querschnitt gesehen ein prismenförmiges Profil auf. Die Lagerböcke 10, 1 1 sind mit einem korrespondierenden Prismenprofil versehen, sodass die Lagerböcke 10, 1 1 einwandfrei an der Führungsschiene 1 ausgerichtet sind. Die einwandfreie Ausrichtung der Lagerböcke 10, 1 1 stellt sicher, dass die Spannhülse 12 einwandfrei parallel zur Führungsschiene 1 angeordnet ist.The clamping sleeve 12 is mounted at its two ends in each case on a bearing block 10, 1 1, both of which are designed as a fixed bearing. The guide rail 1 has seen in cross-section on a prism-shaped profile. The bearing blocks 10, 1 1 are provided with a corresponding prismatic profile, so that the bearing blocks 10, 1 1 are properly aligned with the guide rail 1. The proper alignment of the bearing blocks 10, 1 1 ensures that the clamping sleeve 12 is arranged properly parallel to the guide rail 1.
Die erfindungsgemäße Linearführungseinheit umfasst ferner das Längen- messsystem, das einen Messkopf 3 und eine in der Figur 2 deutlich abgebildete Maßverkörperung 4 aufweist. Dieses Längenmesssystem arbeitet auf dem Induktionsprinzip. Diese Maßverkörperung 4 weist ein Edelstahlrohr auf, in dem eine Vielzahl auf vorbestimmten Abstand angeordnete Chrom-Nickel- Elemente 4a angeordnet sind. Der Messkopf 3 ist so ausgerüstet, dass bei einer Relativverschiebung zwischen der Maßverkörperung 4 und dem Messkopf 3 sinusförmige Signale erzeugt werden, die für eine Auswertung herangezogen werden. Diese Maßverkörperungen 4 lassen sich in günstiger Weise innerhalb des Lichtraumprofils des Führungswagens 2 und damit auch in- nerhalb des Lichtraumprofils der Linearführungseinheit unterbringen.The linear guide unit according to the invention furthermore comprises the length measuring system, which has a measuring head 3 and a measuring graduation 4 clearly illustrated in FIG. This length measuring system works on the induction principle. This material measure 4 comprises a stainless steel tube in which a plurality of chromium-nickel elements 4a arranged at a predetermined distance are arranged. The measuring head 3 is equipped so that 3 sinusoidal signals are generated in a relative displacement between the material measure 4 and the measuring head, which are used for an evaluation. These measuring graduations 4 can be accommodated in a favorable manner within the clearance gauge of the guide carriage 2 and thus also within the clearance profile of the linear guidance unit.
Die Maßverkörperung 4 ist in der aus unmagnetischem Werkstoff gebildeten Spannhülse 12 angeordnet. Die Maßverkörperung 4 ist über ihre gesamte Erstreckung an der Spannhülse 12 abgestützt und darin geschützt.The measuring graduation 4 is arranged in the clamping sleeve 12 formed of non-magnetic material. The material measure 4 is supported over its entire extension to the clamping sleeve 12 and protected therein.
Die Spannhülse 12 ist an ihrem einen Ende an dem einen Lagerbock 1 1 fixiert. Zu diesem Zweck ist dieses Ende mit einer Haltehülse 13 versehen, die an dem Lagerbock 1 1 axial abgestützt ist. Auf das andere Ende der Spannhülse 12 ist eine Gewindehülse 14 aufgeschweißt. Auf die Gewindehülse 14 ist eine Spannmutter 15 aufgeschraubt, die an dem Lagerbock 10 axial abgestützt ist. Unter einer Schraubbewegung der Spannmutter 15 kann eine axiale Zugspannung auf die Spannhülse 12 aufgebracht werden, so dass ein Durchhängen der Spannhülse 12 jedenfalls ausgeschlossen ist.The clamping sleeve 12 is fixed at one end to the one bearing block 1 1. For this purpose, this end is provided with a holding sleeve 13, which is axially supported on the bearing block 1 1. On the other end of the clamping sleeve 12, a threaded sleeve 14 is welded. On the threaded sleeve 14, a clamping nut 15 is screwed, which is axially supported on the bearing block 10. Under a screwing movement of the clamping nut 15, an axial tensile stress can be applied to the clamping sleeve 12, so that a sagging of the clamping sleeve 12 is excluded in any case.
Alternativ zu der Spannhülse kann auch ein Rohr eingesetzt werden, das an dem einen Lagerbock 1 1 wie im Fall der Spannhülse fixiert ist. Das andere Ende dieses Rohres ist jedoch nach Art eines Loslagers an dem Lagerbock 10 gelagert. Derartige Rohre können verwendet werden, wenn ein Durchbiegen des Rohres bspw. aufgrund reduzierter Rohrlänge oder wegen ausreichender Rohrsteifigkeit ausgeschlossen werden kann. As an alternative to the clamping sleeve and a tube can be used, which is fixed to the one bearing block 1 1 as in the case of the clamping sleeve. However, the other end of this tube is mounted on the bearing block 10 in the manner of a floating bearing. Such pipes can be used if bending of the pipe, for example due to reduced pipe length or due to sufficient pipe rigidity can be excluded.
BezugszahlenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS
1 Führungsschiene1 guide rail
2 Führungswagen 3 Messkopf2 carriages 3 measuring head
4 Maßverkörperung4 measuring standard
4a Chrom-Nickel-Element4a chrome-nickel element
5 Schenkel5 thighs
6 Rücken 7 Durchgangsöffnung6 back 7 through hole
8 Bohrung8 hole
9 Ausnehmung9 recess
10 Lagerbock10 bearing block
1 1 Lagerbock 12 Spannhülse1 1 bearing block 12 clamping sleeve
13 Haltehülse13 holding sleeve
14 Gewindehülse14 threaded sleeve
15 Spannmutter 15 clamping nut

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Linearführungseinheit, mit einem auf einer Führungsschiene (1 ) längs- verschieblich angeordneten Führungswagen (2), und mit einem Län- genmesssystem, dessen Messkopf (3) mit einer parallel zur Führungsschiene (1 ) angeordneten Maßverkörperung (4) zusammenarbeitet, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Maßverkörperung (4) in einem die Maßverkörperung (4) tragenden Hohlkörper angeordnet ist, der mit Ab- stand zu der Führungsschiene (1 ) angeordnet und an seinen Enden gelagert ist.1. Linear guide unit, with one on a guide rail (1) longitudinally displaceably arranged guide carriage (2), and with a length measuring system, the measuring head (3) with a parallel to the guide rail (1) arranged material measure (4) cooperates, characterized in that the measuring standard (4) is arranged in a hollow body carrying the material measure (4), which is arranged at a distance from the guide rail (1) and mounted at its ends.
2. Linearführungseinheit nach Anspruch 1 , bei der die Maßverkörperung (4) in einem den Hohlkörper bildenden Rohr angeordnet ist.2. Linear guide unit according to claim 1, wherein the measuring graduation (4) is arranged in a hollow body forming tube.
3. Linearführungseinheit nach Anspruch 1 , bei der die Maßverkörperung (4) in einer den Hohlkörper bildenden Spannhülse (12) angeordnet ist, die mit axialer Zugspannung an ihren Enden gelagert ist.3. Linear guide unit according to claim 1, wherein the material measure (4) in a hollow body forming the clamping sleeve (12) is arranged, which is mounted with axial tension at its ends.
4. Linearführungseinheit nach Anspruch 3, bei der eine Spanneinrichtung zur Beaufschlagung der Spannhülse (12) mit Zugspannung vorgesehen ist.4. Linear guide unit according to claim 3, wherein a clamping device for acting on the clamping sleeve (12) is provided with tension.
5. Linearführungseinheit nach Anspruch 4, bei der die Spanneinrichtung ei- ne Spannmutter (15) aufweist, die auf ein an einem Ende der Spannhülse (12) vorgesehenes Schraubgewinde aufgeschraubt ist.5. Linear guide unit according to claim 4, wherein the clamping device has a clamping nut (15) which is screwed onto a screw thread provided on one end of the clamping sleeve (12).
6. Linearführungseinheit nach Anspruch 5, bei der eine Gewindehülse (14) auf das eine Ende der Spannhülse (12) fest aufgesetzt und daran befes- tigt ist. 6. Linear guide unit according to claim 5, wherein a threaded sleeve (14) fixedly mounted on the one end of the clamping sleeve (12) and fastened thereto.
7. Linearführungseinheit nach Anspruch 5, bei der die Spannhülse (12) an ihren Enden jeweils an einem Lagerbock (10, 1 1 ) gelagert ist, wobei die Spannmutter (15) an dem Lagerbock (10, 1 1 ) axial abgestützt ist.7. Linear guide unit according to claim 5, wherein the clamping sleeve (12) at their ends in each case on a bearing block (10, 1 1) is mounted, wherein the clamping nut (15) on the bearing block (10, 1 1) is axially supported.
8. Linearführungseinheit nach Anspruch 5, bei der die Maßverkörperung (4) ein Edelstahlrohr aufweist, das mit einer Vielzahl hintereinander angeordneter Chrom-Nickelelementen (4a) gefüllt ist.8. Linear guide unit according to claim 5, wherein the material measure (4) comprises a stainless steel tube which is filled with a plurality of successively arranged chromium-nickel elements (4a).
9. Linearführungseinheit nach Anspruch 1 , bei der der Hohlkörper aus un- magnetischem Werkstoff gebildet ist. 9. Linear guide unit according to claim 1, wherein the hollow body is formed of non-magnetic material.
EP06841352A 2006-01-27 2006-12-13 Linear guide unit with length measuring system Withdrawn EP1982148A2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102006003980A DE102006003980A1 (en) 2006-01-27 2006-01-27 Linear guide with length measurement system, used in e.g. metal- or wood-working machinery, contains magnetic components forming scale, inside concentric tubes
PCT/EP2006/069673 WO2007085329A2 (en) 2006-01-27 2006-12-13 Linear guide unit with length measuring system

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EP1982148A2 true EP1982148A2 (en) 2008-10-22

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EP06841352A Withdrawn EP1982148A2 (en) 2006-01-27 2006-12-13 Linear guide unit with length measuring system

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US (1) US7895766B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1982148A2 (en)
JP (1) JP2009524804A (en)
CN (1) CN101336362B (en)
DE (1) DE102006003980A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2007085329A2 (en)

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CN101336362A (en) 2008-12-31
JP2009524804A (en) 2009-07-02
CN101336362B (en) 2011-01-19
WO2007085329A3 (en) 2007-09-13
US7895766B2 (en) 2011-03-01
WO2007085329A2 (en) 2007-08-02
US20100175272A1 (en) 2010-07-15

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