EP1981873A1 - Derives de sulfonamides, leur preparation et leur application en tant qu'antagonistes des recepteurs de l'orexine 2 - Google Patents
Derives de sulfonamides, leur preparation et leur application en tant qu'antagonistes des recepteurs de l'orexine 2Info
- Publication number
- EP1981873A1 EP1981873A1 EP07730839A EP07730839A EP1981873A1 EP 1981873 A1 EP1981873 A1 EP 1981873A1 EP 07730839 A EP07730839 A EP 07730839A EP 07730839 A EP07730839 A EP 07730839A EP 1981873 A1 EP1981873 A1 EP 1981873A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- group
- alkyl
- formula
- optionally substituted
- groups
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 150000003456 sulfonamides Chemical class 0.000 title abstract description 4
- 230000001225 therapeutic effect Effects 0.000 title abstract description 4
- 229940124530 sulfonamide Drugs 0.000 title description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 144
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000012453 solvate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- HBAQYPYDRFILMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 8-[3-(1-cyclopropylpyrazol-4-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[4,3-d]pyrimidin-5-yl]-3-methyl-3,8-diazabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-2-one Chemical class C1(CC1)N1N=CC(=C1)C1=NNC2=C1N=C(N=C2)N1C2C(N(CC1CC2)C)=O HBAQYPYDRFILMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 125000004178 (C1-C4) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 64
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 52
- 125000000229 (C1-C4)alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 48
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 34
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 34
- -1 [(3S) -pyrrolidin-3-yl] benzenesulfonamide hydrochloride Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 25
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 25
- 102000002512 Orexin Human genes 0.000 claims description 24
- 108060005714 orexin Proteins 0.000 claims description 24
- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 24
- 125000006508 2,6-difluorobenzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(F)=C(C(F)=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 21
- 125000006273 (C1-C3) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 14
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000000714 pyrimidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 208000035475 disorder Diseases 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000002541 furyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000546 pharmaceutical excipient Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000011321 prophylaxis Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000007170 pathology Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000004043 oxo group Chemical group O=* 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000006282 2-chlorobenzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(Cl)=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 4
- 208000004454 Hyperalgesia Diseases 0.000 claims description 4
- WXFFOKDHWOCXQI-SJEIDVEUSA-N n-[(1s,2s)-2-aminocyclopentyl]-n-[2-[(2,6-difluorophenyl)methyl]-6-methoxyphenyl]-3,4-dimethoxybenzenesulfonamide;hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.C1=C(OC)C(OC)=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)N(C=1C(=CC=CC=1CC=1C(=CC=CC=1F)F)OC)[C@@H]1[C@@H](N)CCC1 WXFFOKDHWOCXQI-SJEIDVEUSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008194 pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006751 Mitsunobu reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 206010012601 diabetes mellitus Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004064 dysfunction Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- WXFFOKDHWOCXQI-PEADMDKFSA-N n-[(1r,2s)-2-aminocyclopentyl]-n-[2-[(2,6-difluorophenyl)methyl]-6-methoxyphenyl]-3,4-dimethoxybenzenesulfonamide;hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.C1=C(OC)C(OC)=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)N(C=1C(=CC=CC=1CC=1C(=CC=CC=1F)F)OC)[C@H]1[C@@H](N)CCC1 WXFFOKDHWOCXQI-PEADMDKFSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- 206010049567 Miller Fisher syndrome Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
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- 206010028813 Nausea Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
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- 208000010067 Pituitary ACTH Hypersecretion Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- 208000020627 Pituitary-dependent Cushing syndrome Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- 208000006262 Psychological Sexual Dysfunctions Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- 201000001880 Sexual dysfunction Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- 206010046543 Urinary incontinence Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- 206010047700 Vomiting Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- 206010053552 allodynia Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- 208000022531 anorexia Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000036506 anxiety Effects 0.000 claims description 2
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- 235000019789 appetite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003542 behavioural effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 206010061428 decreased appetite Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001079 digestive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 206010015037 epilepsy Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000036543 hypotension Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000302 ischemic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 201000003723 learning disability Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000036651 mood Effects 0.000 claims description 2
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- 230000001568 sexual effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 208000019116 sleep disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- YBBRCQOCSYXUOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuryl dichloride Chemical class ClS(Cl)(=O)=O YBBRCQOCSYXUOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 208000011580 syndromic disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000009278 visceral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 208000009935 visceral pain Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008673 vomiting Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910014033 C-OH Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910014570 C—OH Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 206010038743 Restlessness Diseases 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002008 hemorrhagic effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 208000026961 psychosexual disease Diseases 0.000 claims 1
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 34
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 102000005962 receptors Human genes 0.000 description 19
- 108020003175 receptors Proteins 0.000 description 19
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 11
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 11
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trifluoroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(F)(F)F DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000012429 reaction media Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 8
- AQRLNPVMDITEJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylsilane Chemical compound CC[SiH](CC)CC AQRLNPVMDITEJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylphosphine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000005557 antagonist Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000338 in vitro Methods 0.000 description 5
- OFNHNCAUVYOTPM-IIIOAANCSA-N orexin-a Chemical compound C([C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(N)=O)NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@H](CC=1N=CNC=1)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1C=CC(O)=CC=1)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCN=C(N)N)NC(=O)[C@H]1NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@@H]2CSSC[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@H](C(N[C@@H](CCCN=C(N)N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N2)[C@@H](C)O)=O)CSSC1)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H]1N(CCC1)C(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H]1N(CCC1)C(=O)[C@H]1NC(=O)CC1)C1=CNC=N1 OFNHNCAUVYOTPM-IIIOAANCSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 4
- 150000004678 hydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 125000006514 pyridin-2-ylmethyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C(=N1)C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 4
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- CMWKITSNTDAEDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-nitrobenzaldehyde Chemical class [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C=O CMWKITSNTDAEDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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Classifications
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- C07C311/22—Sulfonamides, the carbon skeleton of the acid part being further substituted by singly-bound oxygen atoms
- C07C311/29—Sulfonamides, the carbon skeleton of the acid part being further substituted by singly-bound oxygen atoms having the sulfur atom of at least one of the sulfonamide groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
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- C07D211/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D211/36—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
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- C07C2601/08—Systems containing only non-condensed rings with a five-membered ring the ring being saturated
Definitions
- the present invention relates to sulfonamide derivatives, process for their preparation and their use in therapy.
- Orexins A and B are hypothalamic neuropeptides of 33 and 28 amino acids respectively, recently identified as the endogenous ligands of two receptors with seven transmembrane domains, called orexin 1 and orexin 2 receptors (Sakurai T. , CeII,
- the orexin 2 receptor has the property of recognizing both forms of orexin A and B in an equivalent manner.
- the orexin 1 receptor which has 64% homology with the orexin 2 receptor, is more selective and binds orexin A ten times better than orexin B (Sakurai T., CeII, Vol 92, 573- 585, 1998).
- an aryl group optionally substituted by one or more groups chosen independently of each other from the following groups: a halogen atom, a (C 1 -C 4 ) alkyl, (C 1 -C 4 ) alkoxy group; a heterocyclyl group, optionally substituted by one or more groups chosen independently of one another from the following groups: a halogen atom, a (C 1 -C 4 ) alkyl, (C 1 -C 4 ) alkoxy group;
- R is a hydroxyl group
- an aryl group optionally substituted by one or more groups chosen independently of one another from the following groups: a halogen atom, a (C 1 -C 4 ) alkyl group or a (C 1 -C 4 ) alkoxy group;
- a heterocyclyl group optionally substituted by one or more groups chosen independently of one another from the following groups: a halogen atom, a (C 1 -C 4 ) alkyl or (C 1 -C 4 ) alkoxy group;
- an aryl group optionally substituted by one or more groups chosen independently of each other from the following groups: a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, (C 1 -C 4 ) alkyl group or (C 1 -C 4 ) alkoxy group; ;
- a heterocyclyl group optionally substituted with one or more groups chosen independently of one another from the following groups: a hydroxyl, (C 1 -C 4 ) alkyl or (C 1 -C 4 ) alkoxy group;
- R 1 represents a saturated heterocyclyl group of formula (A) which follows:
- R 2 and R 3 represent, independently of one another, a hydrogen atom or a C 1 -C 3 alkyl group; or R 2 and R 3 together form an oxo group;
- R 5 , R 6 and R 7 represent, independently of one another, a hydrogen atom or a C 1 -C 3 alkyl group
- R 8 and R 9 represent, independently of one another, a hydrogen atom or a C 1 -C 3 alkyl group; or R 8 and R 9 together form an oxo group;
- an aryl group especially a phenyl, optionally substituted by one or more groups chosen independently of each other from the following groups: a halogen atom, a (C 1 -C 4 ) alkyl, (C 1 -C 4 ) group alkoxy;
- heterocyclyl group in particular pyridinyl or pyrimidinyl, said heterocycle group optionally substituted by one or more groups chosen independently of each other from the following groups: a halogen atom, a (C 1 -C 4 ) alkyl group, C 1 -C 4 ) alkoxy;
- Ar 2 represents an aryl group especially a phenyl, optionally substituted by one or more groups chosen independently of each other from the following groups: a halogen atom, a (C 1 -C 4 ) alkyl, (C 1 -C 4 ) group alkoxy;
- heterocyclyl group especially pyridinyl, optionally substituted by one or more groups chosen independently of one another from the following groups: halogen atom, a (C 1 -C 4 ) alkyl, (C 1 -C 4 ) alkoxy group ;
- an aryl group in particular a phenyl, optionally substituted by one or more groups chosen independently of one another from the following groups: a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, (C 1 -C 4 ) alkyl group, (C 1 -C 4 ) alkoxy;
- heterocyclyl in particular pyridinyl, furanyl or pyrazolyl, optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from each other from the following groups: hydroxyl, (C 1 -C 4) alkyl, (C 1 - C 4 ) alkoxy;
- R 1 represents a saturated heterocyclyl group of formula (A) in which:
- R 2 , R 3 and R 4 each represent a hydrogen atom or a (C 1 -C 4 ) alkyl group
- R 1 represents a cycloalkyl group of formula (B) in which:
- R 5 , R 6 and R 7 represent, independently of one another, a hydrogen atom or a C 1 -C 3 alkyl group
- R 8 and R 9 represent, independently of one another, a hydrogen atom or a C 1 -C 3 alkyl group
- n ' 0 or 1
- p ' 1, 2 or 3
- base acid addition salt, hydrate or solvate, enantiomers, diastereoisomers, rotamers, atropoisomers or mixtures thereof.
- an aryl group in particular a phenyl, optionally substituted with one or more groups chosen independently of one another from the following groups: a halogen atom, a (C 1 -C 4 ) alkyl or (Ci-C 4 ) alkoxy group ;
- an aryl group especially a phenyl, optionally substituted with one or more groups chosen independently of one another from the following groups: a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, (C 1 -C 4 ) alkyl, (C 1 -C 4 ) alkoxy;
- heterocyclyl group especially pyridinyl or furanyl, optionally substituted by one or more groups chosen independently of each other from the following groups: a hydroxyl group, (C 1 -C 4 ) alkyl group, (C 1 -C 4 ) alkoxy group;
- R 1 represents a saturated heterocyclyl group of formula (A) in which:
- R 2 , R 3 and R 4 each represent a hydrogen atom or a group (CrC 4 ) alkyl
- R 1 represents a cycloalkyl group of formula (B) in which:
- R 5 , R 6 and R 7 represent independently of each other a hydrogen atom or a C 1 -C 3 alkyl group
- R 8 and R 8 represent, independently of each other, a hydrogen atom or a C 1 -C 3 alkyl group
- a phenyl group optionally substituted with one or more groups chosen independently of one another from the following groups: a halogen atom, a (C 1 -C 4 ) alkyl, (C 1 -C 4 ) alkoxy group;
- a pyridinyl or pyrimidinyl group said pyridinyl and pyrimidinyl groups being optionally substituted with one or more groups chosen independently of one another from the following groups: a halogen atom, a (C 1 -C 4 ) alkyl group;
- a phenyl group optionally substituted with one or more groups chosen independently of one another from the following groups: a halogen atom, a (C 1 -C 4 ) alkyl, (C 1 -C 4 ) alkoxy group;
- a pyridinyl group optionally substituted by one or more groups chosen independently of each other from the following groups: a halogen atom, a (C 1 -C 4 ) alkyl, (C 1 -C 4 ) alkoxy group;
- a phenyl group optionally substituted by one or more groups chosen independently of one another from the following groups: a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, (C 1 -C 4 ) alkyl group or (C 1 -C 4 ) alkoxy group;
- a pyridinyl, furanyl or pyrazolyl group said groups optionally substituted by one or more groups chosen independently of each other from the following groups: a hydroxyl, (C 1 -C 4 ) alkyl, (C 1 -C 4 ) alkoxy group ;
- R 1 represents a cycloalkyl group of formula (B) in which: R 5, R 8, R 7 Re and R 9 each represent a hydrogen atom;
- base acid addition salt, hydrate or solvate, enantiomers, diastereoisomers, rotamers, atropoisomers or mixtures thereof.
- a phenyl group optionally substituted by one or more groups chosen independently of one another from the following groups: a halogen atom, a (C 1 -C 4 ) alkyl, (C 1 -C 4 ) alkoxy group;
- a pyridinyl or pyrimidinyl group said pyridinyl and pyrimidinyl groups being optionally substituted with one or more groups chosen independently of each other from the following groups: a halogen atom, a (C 1 -C 4 ) alkyl group;
- a phenyl group optionally substituted with one or more groups chosen independently of one another from the following groups: a halogen atom, a (C 1 -C 4 ) alkyl, (C 1 -C 4 ) alkoxy group;
- a pyridinyl group optionally substituted by one or more groups chosen independently of each other from the following groups: a halogen atom, a (C 1 -C 4 ) alkyl, (C 1 -C 4 ) alkoxy group;
- a phenyl group optionally substituted by one or more groups chosen independently of one another from the following groups: a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, (C 1 -C 4 ) alkyl group or (C 1 -C 4 ) alkoxy group;
- a pyridinyl or furanyl group said groups optionally substituted with one or more groups chosen independently of each other from the following groups: a hydroxyl, (C 1 -C 4 ) alkyl or (C 1 -C 4 ) alkoxy group;
- R 1 represents a cycloalkyl group of formula (B) in which: R 5 , Re, R 7 Re and R 9 each represent a hydrogen atom;
- a phenyl group optionally substituted with one or more groups chosen independently of one another from the following groups: a halogen atom, a (C 1 -C 4 ) alkyl, (C 1 -C 4 ) alkoxy group;
- a phenyl group optionally substituted with one or more groups chosen independently of one another from the following groups: a halogen atom, a (C 1 -C 4 ) alkyl, (C 1 -C 4 ) alkoxy group;
- a phenyl group optionally substituted by one or more groups chosen independently of one another from the following groups: a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group or a (C 1 -C 4 ) alkyl (C 1 -C 4 ) group alkoxy;
- R 1 represents a cycloalkyl group of formula (B) in which:
- Atropoisomer B 5 of N- [2- (2,6-difluorobenzyl) -6-methoxyphenyl] -3-fluoro-4-methyl-N - [(3S) -pyrrolidin-3-yl] benzenesulfonamide hydrochloride (compound no. 21); N- [2- (2,6-difluorobenzyl) -4-methylphenyl] -3,4-difluorol-N - [(3S) -pyrrolidin-3-yl] benzenesulfonamide trifluoroacetate (Compound No. 22);
- a (C 1 -C 4 ) alkyl group a saturated, linear or branched aliphatic group comprising from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl or butyl, and isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl;
- an optionally substituted (C 1 -C 4 ) alkyl group an alkyl group as defined above in which one or more hydrogen atoms have been substituted with a substituent;
- (C 1 -C 4) alkoxy a radical (C -, - C 4) alkyl-O- where the (C 1 -C 4) alkyl is as defined above, e.g., methoxy, the ethoxy, propoxy, isopropoxy, butoxy, isobutoxy, sec-butoxy, ter-butoxy;
- halogen atom a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom or an iodine atom
- a cycloalkyl group a saturated cyclic alkyl group comprising from 3 to 8 carbon atoms, for example cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl or cyclohexyl.
- the cycloalkyl group may optionally be substituted by a (C 1 -C 4 ) alkyl group, for example methylcyclopropyl, dimethylcyclopropyl, methylcyclobutyl, methylcyclopentyl, methylcyclohexyl, dimethylcyclohexyl, cycloheptyl or cyclooctyl;
- a (C 1 -C 4 ) alkyl group for example methylcyclopropyl, dimethylcyclopropyl, methylcyclobutyl, methylcyclopentyl, methylcyclohexyl, dimethylcyclohexyl, cycloheptyl or cyclooctyl;
- an aryl group a monocyclic or bicyclic aromatic group comprising between 6 and 10 carbon atoms, for example phenyl or naphthyl.
- the aryl group may optionally be substituted with 1, 2, 3 or 4 substituents;
- a heterocyclyl group a saturated, unsaturated or aromatic monocyclic group comprising between 4 and 7 atoms and comprising from 1 to 2 heteroatoms chosen from nitrogen, oxygen or sulfur.
- azetidine piperidinyl, pyrrolidinyl, 1,3-dioxolanyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, pyridinyl, thiazolyl, thienyl, pyrimidinyl and furanyl;
- an aralkyl group an alkyl chain substituted with an aryl group, such as, for example, a benzyl group;
- R 1 group which represents a cycloalkyl group of formula (B) in which:
- the compounds of general formula (I) may comprise one or more asymmetric carbons. They can therefore exist as enantiomers or diastereoisomers. These enantiomers, diastereoisomers, as well as their mixtures, including the racemic mixtures, form part of the invention.
- the compounds of general formula (I) can also exist in the form of rotamers.
- the term rotamers of compounds which have identical developed formulas but different fixed spatial conformations. These differences in the fixed spatial conformations of these compounds may give them different physicochemical properties and, even in some cases, different biological activities.
- the compounds of general formula (I) may still exist in the form of atropoisomers.
- the atropoisomers are compounds of identical developed formulas, but which have a particular spatial configuration, resulting from a restricted rotation around a single bond, due to a large steric hindrance on either side of this simple bond.
- Atropioisomerism is independent of the presence of stereogenic elements, such as asymmetric carbon.
- the compounds of formula (I) may exist in the form of bases or addition salts with acids. Such addition salts are part of the invention.
- salts are advantageously prepared with pharmaceutically acceptable acids, but the salts of other acids that are useful, for example, for the purification or separation of the compounds of general formula (I) are also part of the invention.
- the compounds of general formula (I) may, in addition, be in the form of hydrates or solvates, namely in the form of combinations or combinations with one or more water molecules or with a solvent. Such hydrates and solvates are also part of the invention.
- the present invention also relates to the process for preparing the compounds of general formula (I).
- the compounds of general formula (T) can be prepared by the process illustrated in Scheme 1. According to this scheme, the compounds of formula (I) can be obtained by a Mitsunobu reaction between the alcohols of formula (X) and the compounds of general formula (II).
- Ar 1 , Ar 2 , Ar 3 , T and R 1 are as defined in formula (I).
- diisopropylazodicarboxylate may be replaced by its analogs such as diethylazodicarboxylate and di-tert-butylazodicarboxylate, and triphenylphosphine may be grafted onto a resin (R.
- the compounds of formula (I) for which R 4 is hydrogen and R 6 and R 7 are hydrogens are obtained from compounds for which R 4 and R 6 are protective groups, for example a tert-butoxycarbonyl (BOC ).
- hydride action for example sodium borohydride.
- the compounds of formula (II) are obtained beforehand according to Scheme 2, by the sulphonylation of the compound of formula (III) with sulphonyl chlorides of formula (V) in the presence of a base chosen from tertiary amines such as pyridine according to the method described by Stauffer et al., Bioorg. Med. Chem., 2000, EN 8, 6, 1293-1316.
- a base chosen from tertiary amines such as pyridine according to the method described by Stauffer et al., Bioorg. Med. Chem., 2000, EN 8, 6, 1293-1316.
- Tertiary amines also include triethylamine or diisopropylethylamine.
- the compounds of formula (DIa), (DIb) and (DIf) are prepared according to schemes 3 to 5.
- the 2-nitro benzaldehyde derivatives of formula (VI) react with organometallic compounds of formula (VD) in which M represents a MgBr, MgI, ZnI or Li group to yield compounds of formula (VDI).
- the organometallic compounds of formula (VD) are commercial, or formed according to the conventional methods described in the literature.
- the nitro function of the compounds of formula (VIII) are reduced by hydrogenation, for example under the action of tin metal and concentrated hydrochloric acid in ethanol, to give compounds of formula (DIb).
- the derivatives of formula (DIb) are reduced by the action of hydrides, for example by a mixture of triethylsilane and trifluoroacetic acid in dichloromethane to give derivatives of formula (DIa).
- nitrobenzaldehydes of formula (VI) are commercially available or may be prepared, for example, according to an adaptation of the method described by J. Kenneth Horner et al., J. Med. Chem., 1968, 11; 5; 946.
- the anilines of formula (IX) are condensed with benzonitriles of formula (XII), in the presence of Lewis acid, for example boron trichloride with aluminum trichloride or with gallium trichloride to give the compounds of formula (Illf), according to the method described by T. Sugasawa et al JACS1978; 100; 4842.
- the compounds of formula (IIIf) can be obtained by condensation of aminobenzonitriles (XI) with organometallic derivatives (VII), according to the method described by R. Fryer et al., J. Heterocycl. Chem, 1991, EN 28; Compounds of formula (IIIf) can also be obtained from intermediate (XIV) according to an adaptation of the method described by D.
- Another method for preparing the compounds of formula (IIb) consists in condensing anilines of formula (IX) on benzaldehyde derivatives of formula (XIII) in the presence of phenyl-dichloroborane and triethylamine according to the process described by T. Toyoda et al., Tet. Lett, 1980, 21, 173.
- the compounds of formula (HIg) are prepared according to scheme 6.
- These derivatives are reduced for example by catalytic hydrogenation to palladium to give compounds of formula ( ⁇ ig).
- the compounds of formula (II) to (XIX) are useful as synthetic intermediates for the preparation of the compounds of general formula (I) and form an integral part of the present invention.
- Example 1.1 (2,6-difluorophenyl) (3-methoxy-2-nitrophenyl) methanol 77.5 ml of a 1.6 M solution in n-butyllithium hexane (1.5 eq) are added dropwise so as to maintain a temperature of less than or equal to -70 ° C., to a solution of 12.3 ml of 1,3-difluorobenzene (1.5eq) in 150 ml of tetrahydrofuran for 1 hour. After an additional hour at -70 ° C., a solution of 15 g of 2-nitro-3-methoxybenzaldehyde in tetrahydrofuran is added for 1 hour always at -70 ° C.
- reaction medium is stirred for 4 hours at -70 ° C. then brought to a temperature of -5 ° C. in 1 hour.
- the reaction medium is then diluted by addition of diethyl ether and then slowly hydrolyzed with a saturated aqueous solution of ammonium chloride. After decantation, the organic phase is washed with water and then dried over anhydrous sodium sulphate.
- the reaction mixture composed of 5.8 g of (2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl) (2,6-difluorophenyl) methanol, 11 ml of triethylsilane (3 eq.), 10 ml of trifluoroacetic acid (3.9 eq. ) in 90 ml of dichloromethane is heated for 6 hours at 40 ° C. After one night at room temperature the reaction medium is slowly hydrolyzed with 6N sodium hydroxide, the organic phase is dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, concentrated. The residue is purified by filtration on silica H, eluting with dichloromethane to obtain 3.8 g of expected product.
- Example 1.4 N- [2- (2,6-difluorobenzyl) -6-methoxyphenyl] -3,4-dimethoxybenzenesulfonamide 3.8 g of 2- (2,6-difluorobenzyl) -6-methoxyaniline are dissolved in 36 ml of tetrahydrofuran and 1.2 ml of pyridine and then 4.06 g of 3,4-dimethoxybenzene sulphonyl chloride are then added. After 18 hours at room temperature the reaction mixture is taken up in ethyl acetate and then hydrolyzed, the organic phase is dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated. The residue is concrete in toluene / ethyl acetate (9/1) (v / v) to obtain 5 g of expected product
- the compound is in monohydrochloride form.
- the compounds of the invention have been the subject of pharmacological studies which have shown their interest as active substances in therapeutics.
- the affinity of the compounds of the invention for the orexin receptors 2 was determined in an in vitro binding assay according to the technique described below. This method consists of studying the displacement of radioiodinated orexin A bound to human orexin 2 receptors expressed in CHO cells. The test is carried out on membranes in an incubation buffer HEPES 50 mM, MgCl 2 1 mM, CaCl 2 25 mM, NaN 3 0.025% bovine serum albumin (BSA) 1% and 100 pM ligand for 30 minutes at 25 ° C. The reaction is stopped by filtration and washing on Wathman GF / C filter.
- HEPES 50 mM, MgCl 2 1 mM, CaCl 2 25 mM, NaN 3 0.025% bovine serum albumin (BSA) 1% and 100 pM ligand for 30 minutes at 25 ° C. The reaction is stopped by filtration and washing on Wathman GF / C filter.
- Nonspecific binding is measured in the presence of 10 -6 M human orexin B.
- Cl 50 inhibitor concentration of 50% of radioiodinated orexin A binding to its receptors
- Cl 50 is low, less than 300 nM, particularly less than 100 nM and more particularly less than 30 nM.
- the affinity of the compounds according to the invention for orexin receptors 1 was also studied in an in vitro binding assay using the same technique using radioiodinated orexin A as a ligand in a membrane preparation of CHO cells expressing the human orexin 1 receptors.
- the compounds according to the invention have little or no affinity for the orexin 1 receptors.
- the agonist or antagonist character of the compounds is determined in vitro in an intracellular calcium measurement test (FLIPR) on a cell preparation expressing orexin 2 receptors according to the general technique described in Sullivan et al, Methods Mol. Biol., 1999, vol. 114, 125-133, using 1 ⁇ M Fluo-4 AM as a fluorescent calcium indicator.
- the compounds are preincubated for 30 minutes before addition of 0.25 nM of orexin B.
- the IC 50 values for the orexin 2 receptors measured in these studies are low and more particularly less than 100 nM.
- the compounds of the present invention can be used in the prophylaxis and treatment of any diseases involving a dysfunction related to these receptors.
- the compounds of the invention can be used for the preparation of a medicament for the prophylaxis or the treatment of any diseases involving a dysfunction related to the orexin 2 receptor, and more particularly in the prophylaxis or treatment of pathologies in which an antagonist orexin 2 receptor provides therapeutic benefit.
- Such pathologies are, for example, obesity, disturbances of appetite or taste including cachexia, anorexia, bulimia (Smart et al., Eur J Pharmacol., 2002, 440, 2-3, 199-212), diabetes (Ouedraogo et al., Diabetes, 2002, 52, 111-117), metabolic syndromes (Sakurai, Curr, Opin Nutr.Matab.Care, 2003, 6, 353-360), vomiting and nausea (US 6, 506, 774), depression and anxiety (Salomon et al., Biol Psychiatry, 2003, 54, 96-104, Jaszberenyi et al., J.
- the invention also relates to medicaments which comprise a compound of formula (I). These drugs find their use in therapy, especially in the prophylaxis or treatment of the aforementioned pathologies.
- the present invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions containing, as active ingredient, at least one compound according to the invention.
- These pharmaceutical compositions contain an effective dose of a compound according to the invention and optionally one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients.
- Said excipients are chosen according to the pharmaceutical form and the desired mode of administration, from the usual excipients which are known to those skilled in the art.
- compositions of the present invention for oral, sublingual, subcutaneous, intramuscular, intravenous, topical, local, intratracheal, intranasal, transdermal or rectal administration the active ingredient of formula (I) above, or its salt, solvate or hydrate, may be administered in unit dosage form, in admixture with conventional pharmaceutical excipients, to animals and humans for the prophylaxis or treatment of the above disorders or diseases.
- Suitable unit dosage forms include oral forms such as tablets, soft or hard capsules, powders, granules, chewing gums and oral solutions or suspensions, sublingual, oral, Intratracheal, intraocular, intranasal, inhalation, subcutaneous, intramuscular or intravenous administration forms and rectal or vaginal administration forms.
- the compounds according to the invention can be used in creams, ointments or lotions.
- a pharmaceutical excipient such as gelatin, starch, lactose, magnesium stearate, talc, gum arabic. or the like.
- the tablets may be coated with sucrose, a cellulosic derivative, or other materials.
- the tablets can be made by different techniques, direct compression, dry granulation, wet granulation or hot melt.
- the dose of active principle may vary between 0.1 mg and 200 mg per kg of body weight per day.
- these assays are examples of average conditions, there may be special cases where higher or lower dosages are appropriate, such assays also belong to the invention.
- the dosage appropriate to each patient is determined by the physician according to the mode of administration, the weight and the response of said patient.
- Each unit dose may contain from 0.1 to 1000 mg, preferably from 0.1 to 500 mg, of active ingredient in combination with one or more pharmaceutical excipients. This unit dose can be administered 1 to 5 times per day so as to administer a daily dosage of 0.5 to 5000 mg, preferably 0.5 to 2500 mg.
- the present invention also relates to a method for preventing or treating the pathologies indicated above which comprises the administration of a compound according to the invention, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, a solvate or a hydrate of said compound.
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- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
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- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
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- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
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- Neurology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Neurosurgery (AREA)
- Diabetes (AREA)
- Endocrinology (AREA)
- Pain & Pain Management (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- Psychiatry (AREA)
- Obesity (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Hospice & Palliative Care (AREA)
- Urology & Nephrology (AREA)
- Cardiology (AREA)
- Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
- Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR0600755A FR2896798A1 (fr) | 2006-01-27 | 2006-01-27 | Derives de sulfonamides, leur preparation et leur application en therapeutique |
| PCT/FR2007/000119 WO2007085718A1 (fr) | 2006-01-27 | 2007-01-22 | Derives de sulfonamides, leur preparation et leur application en tant qu'antagonistes des recepteurs de l'orexine 2 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1981873A1 true EP1981873A1 (fr) | 2008-10-22 |
Family
ID=36888813
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP07730839A Withdrawn EP1981873A1 (fr) | 2006-01-27 | 2007-01-22 | Derives de sulfonamides, leur preparation et leur application en tant qu'antagonistes des recepteurs de l'orexine 2 |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US7968534B2 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP1981873A1 (fr) |
| JP (1) | JP2009524628A (fr) |
| AR (1) | AR059184A1 (fr) |
| DO (1) | DOP2007000014A (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR2896798A1 (fr) |
| PE (1) | PE20071254A1 (fr) |
| TW (1) | TW200738607A (fr) |
| UY (1) | UY30115A1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2007085718A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (21)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2025674A1 (fr) | 2007-08-15 | 2009-02-18 | sanofi-aventis | Tetrahydronaphthaline substituée, son procédé de fabrication et son utilisation en tant que médicament |
| ME03452B (fr) | 2009-10-23 | 2020-01-20 | Janssen Pharmaceutica Nv | Disubstitué octahy - dropyrrolo [3,4-c] pyrroles en tant que modulateurs du récepteur de l'orexine |
| WO2012120056A1 (fr) | 2011-03-08 | 2012-09-13 | Sanofi | Dérivés oxathiazine tétra-substitués, procédé pour leur préparation, utilisation en tant que médicament, agent pharmaceutique contenant ces dérivés et utilisation |
| EP2683699B1 (fr) | 2011-03-08 | 2015-06-24 | Sanofi | Dérivés oxathiazine di- et tri-substitués, procédé pour leur préparation, utilisation en tant que médicament, agent pharmaceutique contenant ces dérivés et utilisation |
| EP2683704B1 (fr) | 2011-03-08 | 2014-12-17 | Sanofi | Dérivés oxathiazine ramifiés, procédé pour leur préparation, utilisation en tant que médicament, agents pharmaceutiques contenant ces dérivés et leur utilisation |
| EP2766349B1 (fr) | 2011-03-08 | 2016-06-01 | Sanofi | Dérivés d'oxathiazine substitués par des carbocycles ou des hétérocycles, leur procédé de préparation, médicaments contenant ces composés et leur utilisation |
| US8828994B2 (en) | 2011-03-08 | 2014-09-09 | Sanofi | Di- and tri-substituted oxathiazine derivatives, method for the production thereof, use thereof as medicine and drug containing said derivatives and use thereof |
| US9440982B2 (en) | 2012-02-07 | 2016-09-13 | Eolas Therapeutics, Inc. | Substituted prolines/piperidines as orexin receptor antagonists |
| CA2863413A1 (fr) | 2012-02-07 | 2013-08-15 | Eolas Therapeutics, Inc. | Piperidines/prolines substituees en tant qu'antagonistes du recepteur de l'orexine |
| JP2017507950A (ja) | 2014-02-27 | 2017-03-23 | リセラ・コーポレイションLycera Corporation | レチノイン酸受容体関連オーファン受容体ガンマのアゴニストを使用する養子細胞療法及び関連治療方法 |
| EP3140291A4 (fr) | 2014-05-05 | 2018-01-10 | Lycera Corporation | Sulfonamide de tétrahydroquinoline et composés apparentés destinés à servir d'agonistes de rory et pour le traitement de maladies |
| JP6523337B2 (ja) * | 2014-05-05 | 2019-05-29 | リセラ・コーポレイションLycera Corporation | RORγのアゴニストとしての使用及び疾患治療のためのベンゼンスルホンアミド及び関連化合物 |
| UY36272A (es) | 2014-08-13 | 2016-02-29 | Eolas Therapeutics Inc | Difluoropirrolidinas como moduladores de los receptores de orexinas |
| US10421751B2 (en) | 2015-05-05 | 2019-09-24 | Lycera Corporation | Dihydro-2H-benzo[b][1,4]oxazine sulfonamide and related compounds for use as agonists of RORγ and the treatment of disease |
| AU2016276947A1 (en) | 2015-06-11 | 2017-12-14 | Lycera Corporation | Aryl dihydro-2h-benzo[b][1,4]oxazine sulfonamide and related compounds for use as agonists of RORy and the treatment of disease |
| AU2017217931B2 (en) | 2016-02-12 | 2020-10-22 | Astrazeneca Ab | Halo-substituted piperidines as orexin receptor modulators |
| MD3426251T2 (ro) | 2016-03-10 | 2022-09-30 | Janssen Pharmaceutica Nv | Metode de tratament al depresiei utilizând antagoniști ai receptorului orexină-2 |
| WO2017194548A1 (fr) | 2016-05-10 | 2017-11-16 | INSERM (Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale) | Méthodes et compositions pharmaceutiques pour le traitement de maladies inflammatoires auto-immunes |
| TW201811766A (zh) | 2016-08-29 | 2018-04-01 | 瑞士商諾華公司 | N-(吡啶-2-基)吡啶-磺醯胺衍生物及其用於疾病治療之用途 |
| BR112020018094A2 (pt) | 2018-03-08 | 2020-12-22 | Incyte Corporation | Compostos de aminopirazina diol como inibidores de pi3k-¿ |
| US11046658B2 (en) | 2018-07-02 | 2021-06-29 | Incyte Corporation | Aminopyrazine derivatives as PI3K-γ inhibitors |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AU2548400A (en) | 1999-02-12 | 2000-08-29 | Smithkline Beecham Plc | Novel use of orexin receptor antagonists |
| EP1296950A2 (fr) * | 2000-04-20 | 2003-04-02 | NPS Allelix Corp. | Aminopiperidines et leur utilisation comme inhibiteurs de glyt-1 |
| RU2334735C2 (ru) * | 2002-10-11 | 2008-09-27 | Актелион Фармасьютиклз Лтд. | Производные сульфониламиноуксусной кислоты и их применение в качестве антагонистов рецепторов орексина |
| GB0225938D0 (en) * | 2002-11-06 | 2002-12-11 | Glaxo Group Ltd | Novel compounds |
| FR2874011B1 (fr) * | 2004-08-03 | 2007-06-15 | Sanofi Synthelabo | Derives de sulfonamides, leur preparation et leur application en therapeutique |
-
2006
- 2006-01-27 FR FR0600755A patent/FR2896798A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
-
2007
- 2007-01-17 DO DO2007000014A patent/DOP2007000014A/es unknown
- 2007-01-17 PE PE2007000049A patent/PE20071254A1/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2007-01-22 JP JP2008551816A patent/JP2009524628A/ja active Pending
- 2007-01-22 EP EP07730839A patent/EP1981873A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2007-01-22 WO PCT/FR2007/000119 patent/WO2007085718A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2007-01-25 AR ARP070100323A patent/AR059184A1/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2007-01-26 TW TW096103060A patent/TW200738607A/zh unknown
- 2007-01-26 UY UY30115A patent/UY30115A1/es not_active Application Discontinuation
-
2008
- 2008-07-21 US US12/176,753 patent/US7968534B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2007085718A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US7968534B2 (en) | 2011-06-28 |
| DOP2007000014A (es) | 2008-01-31 |
| WO2007085718A1 (fr) | 2007-08-02 |
| US20090042851A1 (en) | 2009-02-12 |
| UY30115A1 (es) | 2007-08-31 |
| JP2009524628A (ja) | 2009-07-02 |
| AR059184A1 (es) | 2008-03-12 |
| FR2896798A1 (fr) | 2007-08-03 |
| TW200738607A (en) | 2007-10-16 |
| PE20071254A1 (es) | 2008-01-17 |
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