EP1977949B1 - Bogie for rail vehicle - Google Patents

Bogie for rail vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1977949B1
EP1977949B1 EP08103095A EP08103095A EP1977949B1 EP 1977949 B1 EP1977949 B1 EP 1977949B1 EP 08103095 A EP08103095 A EP 08103095A EP 08103095 A EP08103095 A EP 08103095A EP 1977949 B1 EP1977949 B1 EP 1977949B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bogie
wheels
motor
central portion
relative
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP08103095A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1977949A1 (en
Inventor
Alain Rodet
Jean-Christophe Loiseau
Christophe Eche
Jean-Christophe Gobert
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Alstom Transport SA
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Alstom Transport SA
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Publication date
Application filed by Alstom Transport SA filed Critical Alstom Transport SA
Priority to PL08103095T priority Critical patent/PL1977949T3/en
Publication of EP1977949A1 publication Critical patent/EP1977949A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1977949B1 publication Critical patent/EP1977949B1/en
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61F3/00—Types of bogies
    • B61F3/16—Types of bogies with a separate axle for each wheel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D13/00—Tramway vehicles

Definitions

  • the invention generally relates to bogies for railway vehicles, especially for tramway.
  • Such a bogie is known from the document FR-2 826 328 , which describes a bogie with two engines, respectively driving the wheels located on the first and second sides of the bogie.
  • the motors are arranged towards the outside of the bogie with respect to the wheels.
  • the chassis comprises two rectilinear longitudinal members arranged towards the outside of the bogie relative to the wheels respectively located on the first and second sides of the bogie, above the two engines.
  • the chassis also has two trunking cross members solidarisant the two longitudinal members to one another.
  • Such a truck makes it possible to arrange a low-floor, wide-width traffic corridor in the body of the railway vehicle.
  • the box can only receive six passenger seats at the right of each bogie.
  • the body parts above the bogies are not passenger areas of exchange because there are no doors in this area; it is advantageous to install the maximum number of seats.
  • the invention aims to propose a bogie whose architecture allows to provide in the railway vehicle supported by said bogie a wide circulation corridor, wide, and which allows the vehicle to receive a greater number of seats passengers on the bogie's right.
  • the invention relates to a bogie of the aforementioned type, characterized in that said spar comprises a central portion partially surrounding said engine and disposed relative to the rolling plane of the bogie substantially at the same level as said engine, and parts longitudinal ends arranged by the bogie running gear at a level higher than that of the engine and the central part.
  • the truck illustrated on the Figures 1 to 4 is adapted to a standard gauge circulation lane, that is to say about 1435 mm.
  • the tramway 10 partially represented on the figures 1 and 2 comprises a body 12 provided with a body frame 14, and for example two bogies 16, each attached to the body 12 and disposed under the frame 14.
  • the body 12 is elongated in a main direction. It comprises an interior passenger space 18, bounded downwards by the frame 14, and seats 20 fixed to the frame 14.
  • the seats 20 are typically arranged in several rows extending perpendicularly to the main direction.
  • the bogies 16 are able to support and guide the body 12 when the tramway moves along a path.
  • the straight wheels 24 are aligned longitudinally one behind the other.
  • the left wheels 26 are aligned longitudinally one behind the other.
  • the left and right front wheels are coaxial and spaced transversely from each other.
  • the left and right rear wheels are also coaxial and spaced transversely from each other.
  • the wheels 24 and 26 are connected to the frame 22.
  • the transmission means 29 comprise two gearboxes 38, each associated with one of the right wheels 24, and two couplings 40 coupling the motor 28 and the two gearboxes 38.
  • Each gearbox 38 comprises a housing, an inlet 44 connected in rotation to the shaft of the motor 28 via one of the couplings 40, and an output directly fixed on the corresponding wheel 24.
  • the gearbox 38 provides the rotational guidance of the wheel 24 associated therewith, for example by means of ball bearings disposed inside the housing, such that the gearbox 38 constitutes an axle box for the wheel 24 associated with it, and thus forms the guide member in rotation with said wheel 24.
  • the motor 28 and the reducers 38 are aligned longitudinally, the motor 28 being placed between the reducers 38.
  • the motor 28 is placed between the wheels 24, in a position substantially equidistant from these two wheels 24.
  • the motor 28, the gearboxes 38 and the couplings 40 are placed towards the outside of the bogie 16 with respect to the straight wheels 24.
  • the gearboxes 38 are arranged immediately outside the wheels 24.
  • the transmission means 31 are similar to the transmission means 29. They comprise two reducers 46 each associated with a left wheel 26 and two couplings 48 coupling the motor 30 and the gear units 46.
  • the gear units 46 act as axle box for the left wheels 26, and thus form the guide members in rotation of these wheels.
  • the motor 30, the gear units 46 and the couplings 48 are aligned longitudinally and are placed towards the outside of the bogie 16 with respect to the left wheels 26.
  • the motor 30 is placed between the gear units 46 and is substantially equidistant from the left wheels 26.
  • the bogie 16 comprises two transverse axle bars 51, arranged one before and one behind the front wheels 24 and 26. These bars 51 are rigidly fixed each by its opposite ends to the gear reducers 38 and 46 of the wheels before 24 and 26. The axle bars 51 and the front reducers 38 and 46 form the front axle.
  • the bogie 16 also comprises two transverse axle bars 51, arranged one in front of the other behind the rear wheels 24 and 26. These bars 51 are rigidly fixed to the gearboxes 38 and 46 for driving the rear wheels 24 and 26. and form with them the rear axle.
  • the two front wheels are not integral in rotation with each other, nor the two rear wheels.
  • the frame 22 comprises substantially longitudinal right and left longitudinal members 50 and 52, and two substantially transverse cross members 54 solidarizing the longitudinal members 50 and 52 to one another.
  • the beams 50 and 52 are placed towards the outside of the bogie 16 with respect, respectively, to the right wheels 24 and the left wheels 26.
  • Each of the longitudinal members 50 and 52 comprises a central portion 56 partially surrounding respectively the motor 28 or 30, and end portions 58 longitudinal.
  • the central portion 56 is located longitudinally between the two wheels 24 or 26. It has a U-shape and is disposed relative to the rolling plane of the bogie 16, substantially at the same level as the motor 28 or 30. It surrounds the engine 28 or 30 by the interior of the bogie 16.
  • it comprises a central longitudinal section 60 and two substantially transverse branches 62 extending from the ends of the section 60 (FIG. figure 4 ).
  • the section 60 is disposed towards the interior of the bogie 16 with respect to the motor 28 or 30, the sections 62 being arranged one at the front of the motor 28 or 30, and the other at the rear of the motor 28 or 30.
  • the sections 60 are located partially at the same level as the wheels 24 and 26, and project partially inwardly of the bogie 16 relative to the wheels ( figure 3 ).
  • the motors 28 and 30 are rigidly fixed to the central portions 56 of the longitudinal members 50 and 52.
  • each spar is located one at the front of the motor 28 or 30 and the other at the rear of the motor 28 or 30. They are located above the reducers 38 or 46, and are therefore arranged, with respect to the rolling plane of the bogie 16, at a level higher than that of the motor 28 or 30 and the central portion 56.
  • the end portions 58 have at one end facing the motor 28 or 30 a substantially vertical foot 64 rigidly fixed to a branch 62 of the central portion 56.
  • the sleepers 54 are located, with respect to the running surface of the bogie 16, at a level lower than that of the central portion 56 of the longitudinal members 50 and 52.
  • each cross-member 54 comprises a substantially flat intermediate portion 66, and two oblique portions 68 extending the flat intermediate portion 66.
  • the oblique portions 68 are rigidly fixed to the central portions 56 of the two longitudinal members 50 and 52. They pass under the section 60 and connect to the two central parts 56 under the transverse branches 62 placed in the extension of said crossbar 54.
  • the frame 22 also has two longitudinal struts 69, extending under the central sections 60 of the longitudinal members 50 and 52, and securing the two crosspieces 54 to one another ( figure 4 ).
  • the primary suspension device 32 associated with each of the wheels 24 or 26 comprises two primary suspension members 70 of the rubber-metal sandwich type. Such sandwiches are described in the document FR-1,536,401 .
  • Each of the members 70 is interposed between the gearbox 38 or 46 associated with the wheel and the end portion 58 of the spar 50 or 52 located above the gearbox.
  • One of the members 70 is disposed at the front of the gearbox, and the other at the rear of the gearbox.
  • the bogie 16 comprises two disc brakes 36, one associated with the right rear wheel 24, and the other with the left front wheel 26, mounted towards the outside of the bogie 16 relative to the gearbox 38 or 46 associated with the wheel.
  • the bogie 16 illustrated on the Figures 1 to 4 is of non-pivoting type, which means that the connecting means 34 between the truck 16 and the body 12 of the tramway allow a rotational movement of the bogie 16 relative to the body 12 than an angle of less than 2 ° .
  • the connecting means 34 between the bogie 16 and the body 12 comprise, among other things, four secondary suspension members 78 interposed between the central parts 56 of the longitudinal members 50 and 52 and the body frame 14.
  • the secondary suspension members 78 each comprise a coil spring. Two of the members 78 rest on the spar 50, the two others resting on the spar 52.
  • the members 78 are arranged on the central portions 56 of the spars 50 and 52, at the corners between the central section 60 of each portion 56 and the lateral branches. 62. They are supported on the body frame 14 by means of not shown shims.
  • the body frame 14 has a first raised portion 90 to the right front and rear right wheels 24, a second raised portion 92 to the right of the left front and rear wheels 26, and a lower portion 94 between the first and second raised portions 90 and 92.
  • the raised portions 90 and 92 extend, parallel to the principal direction, over the entire length of the bogie 16. Perpendicular to the principal direction, the portion 90 has a width sufficient to cover the right spar 50, the right motor 28, the reducers 38, the couplings 40, the right rear brake 36, the straight wheels 24 and the secondary suspension coil springs 78.
  • the part 92 covers the left spar 52, the left motor 30, the reducers 46, the couplings 48, the left front brake 36, the left wheels 26 and the secondary suspension members 78 arranged on the spar 52.
  • the lower part 94 forms a circulation corridor inside the body 12, this passage being substantially parallel to the main direction.
  • the corridor considered in a plane perpendicular to the main direction, extends in the middle of the box 12, that is to say halfway between the two side walls 95 of the box 12.
  • the floor 96 of the circulation corridor is located at a level of substantially 380 mm with respect to the running surface of the bogie 16, considering that the wheels 24 and 26 of the truck 16 have their diameter to nine.
  • the corridor 94 has a width, perpendicular to the main direction, of about 800 mm. Transversely, it extends practically from the central section 60 of the right spar 50 to the central section 60 of the left spar 52. However, a free space is provided between the side walls 98 of the lower part 94 and the sections 60, in such a way as to allow a low clearance (about 2 °) of the bogie 16 relative to the body 12.
  • each of the raised portions 90 and 92 includes, from front to back, areas of different levels. More specifically, each part comprises first a medium level zone 100, then a zone 102 of level higher than the zone 100, then a zone 104 of the same level as the zone 100, then a zone 106 of lower level than the zone 100, then a zone 108 of the same level as the zones 100 and 104, then a zone 110 of the same level as the zone 102, and finally a zone 112 of the same level as the zones 100, 104 and 108.
  • the zone 106 extends to the right of the engine 28 or 30 and the central section 60 of the spar 50 or 52.
  • the zones 100/102/104 on the one hand and 108/110/112 on the other hand extend to the right of the parts d ends 58 of the spar 50 or 52.
  • two seats 20 are fixed side by side in each of the zones 100, 104, 108 and 112.
  • the seats 20 of the zones 104 and 108 face each other, the zone 106 allowing the seated passengers on these seats to rest their feet.
  • the seats 20 of the zones 100 and 104 are arranged back to back, as are the seats of the zones 108 and 112.
  • the body 12 comprises, above the bogie 16, sixteen seats 20 for the passengers.
  • the bogie 16 illustrated on the figure 5 is suitable for metric gauge tracks, having between their rails a gap of 1000 mm or 1067 mm.
  • the central portions 56 of the longitudinal members 50 and 52 respectively bypass the motors 28 and 30 from outside the bogie 16.
  • the central sections 60 of these longitudinal members are arranged towards the outside of the bogie 16 with respect to the motors 28 and 30
  • the rising oblique parts 68 of the crosspieces 54 are no longer connected under the transverse branches 62 of the longitudinal members 50 and 52.
  • these parts 68 constitute extensions of the transverse branches 62 of the longitudinal members 50 and 52.
  • the secondary suspension springs 78 are also offset towards the outside of the bogie 16 with respect to the wheels 24 and 26.
  • the springs 78 are again placed at the intersection between the central sections 60 and the transverse branches 62 of the longitudinal members 50 and 52. They are thus located towards the outside of the bogie with respect to the end portions 58 of the longitudinal members 50 and 52. .
  • the spacers 69 are shifted inwardly of the bogie 16 with respect to the wheels 24 and 26.
  • the level of the floor 96 of the circulation corridor is about 380 mm with respect to the running surface of the bogie 16, for wheels 24 and 26 having their diameter to nine.
  • the width of the corridor 94 perpendicular to the main direction of the vehicle is about 600 mm.
  • the figure 6 illustrates another variant of the invention, corresponding to a pivoting bogie, adapted to standard gauge circulation channels.
  • the central portions 56 of the longitudinal members 50 and 52 are devoid of central sections 60.
  • the transverse branches 62 of the same central portion are connected to each other via the oblique portions 68 of the cross members, the portions 68 being themselves secured to one another by means of one of the spacers 69.
  • the oblique portions 68 of the crosspieces are connected under the transverse branches 62.
  • the means 34 for connecting the bogie 16 to the body 12 comprise a bolster 114, secondary suspension members 116 interposed between the bolster 114 and the central portions 56 of the longitudinal members 50 and 52, and pivot connection means 118 about an axis perpendicular to the rolling plane of the truck 16.
  • the sleeper 114 extends transversely, substantially equidistant from the front and rear wheels.
  • the bolster 114 comprises a lowered central portion 120, two raised end plates 122 and two inclined arms 124 connecting the central portion 120 to the end plates 122.
  • the pivot connection means 118 are constituted by a ring gear. balls.
  • the plates 122 of the bolster 114 are located vertically above the longitudinal struts 69 and are connected to these struts 69 by the secondary suspension members 116.
  • the frame 22 comprises two support plates 130 rigidly fixed on each of the spacers 69.
  • Each secondary suspension member 116 comprises two rubber-metal elastic sandwiches, arranged in chevrons on either side of the plate 122, and interposed between the plate 122 and the support plates 130.
  • the sandwiches 132 are of the type described in FIG. the patent document FR-1 536 401 .
  • the trays 122 are arranged immediately towards the inside of the bogie 16 with respect to the motors 28 and 30, and are situated vertically substantially at the same level as the motors 28 and 30 with respect to the running surface of the bogie 16.
  • the bogie 16 also includes front and rear transmission shafts 134 and 136.
  • the wheels 24 and 26 are mounted to rotate with the shafts 134 and 136, respectively.
  • the drive is performed here by axle and not by rail.
  • the motor 28 drives the rear gear 38 via the coupling 40, the latter driving the right rear wheel 24, the latter in turn driving the left rear wheel 26 through the shaft
  • the left rear reduction gear 46 is replaced by a simple axle box providing rotational guidance of the left rear wheel 26, this box having no internal gearing for driving said wheel.
  • the motor 30 drives the front gear 46 via the coupling 48, the latter driving the left front wheel 26, the latter in turn driving the front right wheel 24 through the transmission shaft 134.
  • the right front reduction gearbox 38 is replaced by an axle gearbox 138 for guiding the right front wheel 24 in rotation.
  • the bogie 16 may be devoid of transmission shaft 134, 136, the motors 28 and 30 respectively driving the right wheel 24 and the left wheel 26.
  • the drive is in this case made by rail.
  • the level of the floor 96 of the circulation corridor is approximately 480 mm with respect to the running surface of the bogie 16, considering that the wheels 24 and 26 have their diameter to nine.
  • the corridor 94 has a width of about 600 mm.
  • the bogie described above has many advantages.
  • At least one of the longitudinal beams of the bogie has a central portion partially surrounding the engine and disposed substantially at the same level as the engine relative to the running surface, and end portions disposed at a level greater than that of the engine and the central part, it is possible to create a greater number of seats in the box to the right of the bogie.
  • the bogie is suitable for both standard gauge tracks and metric gauge tracks.
  • the central part of each spar surrounds the engine either by the inside of the bogie or by the outside of the bogie.
  • the bogie described above can have multiple variants.
  • the bogie can be equipped with two rotating axles, each motor driving in this case the two wheels associated with the same axle and no longer the two wheels located on the same side of the bogie.
  • the floor of the traffic lane of the body must be located approximately 480 mm above the running surface of the bogie.
  • the bogie may comprise four engines, each driving one of the wheels.
  • the motors driving the wheels located on the same side of the bogie are aligned longitudinally, and placed in the center of the U-shaped portion of the corresponding spar.
  • the helical secondary suspension springs can be replaced by rubber-steel sandwiches.
  • primary rubber-steel suspension sandwiches can be replaced by coil springs.
  • the bogie may include only one spar having a lowered central portion surrounding the engine, the other spar passing above the engine.
  • the number of seats that can be disposed in the box above the bogie is less than sixteen.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
  • Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Platform Screen Doors And Railroad Systems (AREA)
  • Handcart (AREA)
  • Escalators And Moving Walkways (AREA)
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Abstract

The bogie (16) has right and left wheels (24, 26) respectively located in two lateral sides of the bogie and connected to a frame (22). The frame has a longitudinal sill (50) arranged towards exterior of the bogie relative to the right wheels. The sill has a central part (56) partially surrounding a drive motor (28) and arranged relative to a rolling plane of the bogie at a level same as that of the motor. The sill has longitudinal end parts (58) arranged relative to the rolling plane at a level higher than that of the motor and the central part.

Description

L'invention concerne en général les bogies pour véhicule ferroviaires, notamment pour tramway.The invention generally relates to bogies for railway vehicles, especially for tramway.

Plus précisément, l'invention concerne un bogie pour véhicule ferroviaire, le bogie comprenant :

  • un châssis ;
  • deux roues situées d'un premier côté latéral du bogie et deux roues situées d'un second côté latéral du bogie, les roues étant liées au châssis,
  • au moins un moteur d'entraînement d'au moins une roue, disposé vers l'extérieur du bogie par rapport aux roues situées du premier côté latéral,
le châssis comprenant au moins un longeron longitudinal disposé vers l'extérieur du bogie par rapport aux roues situées du premier côté latéral.More specifically, the invention relates to a bogie for a railway vehicle, the bogie comprising:
  • a chassis ;
  • two wheels located on a first lateral side of the bogie and two wheels located on a second lateral side of the bogie, the wheels being connected to the chassis,
  • at least one drive motor of at least one wheel, disposed towards the outside of the bogie with respect to the wheels located on the first lateral side,
the chassis comprising at least one longitudinal spar disposed towards the outside of the bogie with respect to the wheels located on the first lateral side.

Un tel bogie est connu du document FR-2 826 328 , qui décrit un bogie à deux moteurs, entraînant respectivement les roues situées des premier et second côtés du bogie. Les moteurs sont disposés vers l'extérieur du bogie par rapport aux roues. Le châssis comprend deux longerons rectilignes disposés vers l'extérieur du bogie par rapport respectivement aux roues situées des premier et second côtés du bogie, au-dessus des deux moteurs. Le châssis comporte également deux traverses en auge solidarisant les deux longerons l'un à l'autre.Such a bogie is known from the document FR-2 826 328 , which describes a bogie with two engines, respectively driving the wheels located on the first and second sides of the bogie. The motors are arranged towards the outside of the bogie with respect to the wheels. The chassis comprises two rectilinear longitudinal members arranged towards the outside of the bogie relative to the wheels respectively located on the first and second sides of the bogie, above the two engines. The chassis also has two trunking cross members solidarisant the two longitudinal members to one another.

Un tel bogie permet d'aménager un couloir de circulation à plancher bas, de grande largeur, dans la caisse du véhicule ferroviaire. En revanche, la caisse ne peut recevoir que six sièges passagers au droit de chaque bogie.Such a truck makes it possible to arrange a low-floor, wide-width traffic corridor in the body of the railway vehicle. On the other hand, the box can only receive six passenger seats at the right of each bogie.

Les parties de caisse situées au dessus des bogies ne sont pas des zones d'échange passagers car il n'y a pas de portes dans cette zone ; il est avantageux d'y installer le maximum de sièges.The body parts above the bogies are not passenger areas of exchange because there are no doors in this area; it is advantageous to install the maximum number of seats.

Dans ce contexte, l'invention vise à proposer un bogie dont l'architecture permet de ménager dans le véhicule ferroviaire supporté par ledit bogie un couloir de circulation bas, de grande largeur, et qui permette au véhicule de recevoir un plus grand nombre de sièges passagers au droit du bogie.In this context, the invention aims to propose a bogie whose architecture allows to provide in the railway vehicle supported by said bogie a wide circulation corridor, wide, and which allows the vehicle to receive a greater number of seats passengers on the bogie's right.

A cette fin, l'invention porte sur un bogie du type précité, caractérisé en ce que ledit longeron comprend une partie centrale entourant partiellement ledit moteur et disposée par rapport au plan de roulement du bogie sensiblement au même niveau que ledit moteur, et des parties d'extrémité longitudinales disposées par rapport au plan de roulement du bogie à un niveau supérieur à celui du moteur et de la partie centrale.To this end, the invention relates to a bogie of the aforementioned type, characterized in that said spar comprises a central portion partially surrounding said engine and disposed relative to the rolling plane of the bogie substantially at the same level as said engine, and parts longitudinal ends arranged by the bogie running gear at a level higher than that of the engine and the central part.

Le bogie peut également présenter une ou plusieurs des caractéristiques ci-dessous, considérées individuellement ou selon toutes les combinaisons techniquement possibles :

  • la partie centrale dudit longeron entoure ledit moteur par l'extérieur du bogie ;
  • la partie centrale dudit longeron entoure ledit moteur par l'intérieur du bogie ;
  • la partie centrale dudit longeron est conformée en U et comprend un tronçon central longitudinal et deux branches transversales ;
  • les parties d'extrémité dudit longeron sont rigidement fixées, de part et d'autre du moteur, sur les deux branches transversales de la partie centrale dudit longeron ;
  • le châssis comprend deux traverses transversales s'étendant dans le prolongement des deux branches de la partie centrale dudit longeron, les traverses étant disposées par rapport au plan de roulement du bogie à un niveau inférieur à celui de la partie centrale dudit longeron ;
  • le bogie comprend, pour chaque roue située du premier côté latéral du bogie, un organe de guidage en rotation de ladite roue placé vers l'extérieur du bogie par rapport à ladite roue, et un dispositif de suspension primaire interposé entre une partie d'extrémité dudit longeron et l'organe de guidage ;
  • le bogie comprend au moins un réducteur apte à transmettre un couple généré par ledit moteur à au moins l'une des roues situées du premier côté du bogie, ledit réducteur constituant l'organe de guidage en rotation de ladite roue ;
  • le bogie comprend deux moteurs aptes à entraîner respectivement les roues situées des premier et second côtés du bogie et disposés vers l'extérieur du bogie par rapport respectivement aux roues situées des premier et second côtés, le châssis comprenant deux longerons disposés vers l'extérieur du bogie par rapport respectivement aux roues situées des premier et second côtés du bogie, les longerons étant pourvus chacun d'une partie centrale entourant partiellement le moteur correspondant et disposée par rapport au plan de roulement du bogie sensiblement au même niveau que ledit moteur, et de parties d'extrémités longitudinales disposées par rapport au plan de roulement du bogie à un niveau supérieur à celui dudit moteur et de ladite partie centrale ;
  • le bogie comprend au moins un organe de suspension secondaire monté sur la partie centrale de chaque longeron, et susceptible d'être interposé entre la caisse du véhicule ferroviaire et ledit longeron ; et
  • le bogie comprend une traverse danseuse, au moins un organe de suspension secondaire interposé entre la traverse danseuse et la partie centrale de chacun des longerons, et des moyens de liaison pivot autour d'un axe sensiblement perpendiculaire au plan de roulement du bogie, les moyens de liaison pivot étant susceptibles de lier la traverse danseuse à la caisse du véhicule ferroviaire.
The bogie may also have one or more of the following characteristics, considered individually or in any technically feasible combination:
  • the central portion of said spar surrounds said motor from outside the bogie;
  • the central portion of said spar surrounds said motor from inside the bogie;
  • the central portion of said spar is U-shaped and comprises a longitudinal central section and two transverse branches;
  • the end portions of said spar are rigidly fixed, on either side of the engine, on the two transverse branches of the central portion of said spar;
  • the chassis comprises two transverse crosspieces extending in the extension of the two branches of the central portion of said spar, the cross members being arranged relative to the rolling plane of the bogie at a level lower than that of the central portion of said spar;
  • the bogie comprises, for each wheel located on the first lateral side of the bogie, a guide member in rotation of said wheel placed towards the outside of the bogie with respect to said wheel, and a primary suspension device interposed between an end portion said spar and the guide member;
  • the bogie comprises at least one reducer capable of transmitting a torque generated by said motor to at least one of the wheels located on the first side of the bogie, said gearbox constituting the guide member in rotation of said wheel;
  • the bogie comprises two engines adapted respectively to drive the wheels situated on the first and second sides of the bogie and arranged towards the outside of the bogie with respect to the wheels situated on the first and second sides, respectively, the chassis comprising two longitudinal members arranged towards the outside of the bogie bogie relative to the wheels respectively on the first and second sides of the bogie, the longitudinal members being each provided with a central portion partially surrounding the corresponding motor and disposed relative to the rolling plane of the bogie substantially at the same level as said engine, and longitudinal end portions arranged with respect to the running surface of the bogie at a level greater than that of said engine and said central portion;
  • the bogie comprises at least one secondary suspension member mounted on the central portion of each spar, and capable of being interposed between the body of the railway vehicle and said spar; and
  • the bogie comprises a bolster, at least one secondary suspension member interposed between the bolster and the central portion of each of the longitudinal members, and pivot connecting means about an axis substantially perpendicular to the rolling plane of the bogie, the means pivot link being able to bind the bolster to the body of the rail vehicle.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention ressortiront de la description détaillée qui en est donnée ci-dessous, à titre indicatif et nullement limitatif, en référence aux figures annexées, parmi lesquelles :

  • la figure 1 est une vue en élévation d'un bogie conforme à l'invention adapté à une voie de circulation de largeur normale, considérée d'arrière en avant, la caisse du véhicule ferroviaire supportée par le bogie étant partiellement représentée ;
  • la figure 2 est une vue de côté en élévation du bogie et de la caisse de la figure 1 ;
  • la figure 3 est une vue de dessus du bogie de la figure 1, l'emprise des sièges de la caisse étant représentée en traits mixtes ;
  • la figure 4 est une vue en perspective du bogie de la figure 1 ;
  • la figure 5 est une vue similaire à celle de la figure 4 pour une variante de réalisation du bogie de l'invention adapté à une voie métrique ; et
  • la figure 6 est une vue en perspective similaire à celle de la figure 1, pour une variante pivotante (rotation autour d'un axe vertical) du bogie de l'invention.
Other features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the detailed description given below, for information only and in no way limitative, with reference to the appended figures, among which:
  • the figure 1 is an elevational view of a bogie according to the invention adapted to a traffic lane of normal width, considered from rear to front, the body of the railway vehicle supported by the bogie being partially represented;
  • the figure 2 is a side view in elevation of the bogie and the crate of the figure 1 ;
  • the figure 3 is a top view of the bogie of the figure 1 , the right-of-way of the seats of the box being shown in phantom;
  • the figure 4 is a perspective view of the bogie of the figure 1 ;
  • the figure 5 is a view similar to that of the figure 4 for an alternative embodiment of the bogie of the invention adapted to a metric path; and
  • the figure 6 is a perspective view similar to that of the figure 1 , for a pivoting variant (rotation about a vertical axis) of the bogie of the invention.

Dans la description qui va suivre, la droite, la gauche, l'avant et l'arrière seront entendus relativement au sens de déplacement normal du véhicule ferroviaire.In the following description, the right, the left, the front and the back will be heard relative to the direction of normal movement of the railway vehicle.

Le bogie illustré sur les figures 1 à 4 est adapté à une voie de circulation d'écartement standard, c'est-à-dire d'environ 1435 mm.The truck illustrated on the Figures 1 to 4 is adapted to a standard gauge circulation lane, that is to say about 1435 mm.

Le tramway 10 représenté partiellement sur les figures 1 et 2 comprend une caisse 12 pourvue d'un châssis de caisse 14, et par exemple deux bogies 16, chacun lié à la caisse 12 et disposé sous le châssis 14. La caisse 12 est de forme allongée suivant une direction principale. Elle comporte un espace intérieur d'accueil des passagers 18, délimité vers le bas par le châssis 14, et des sièges 20 fixés au châssis 14. Les sièges 20 sont typiquement agencés en plusieurs rangées s'étendant perpendiculairement à la direction principale.The tramway 10 partially represented on the figures 1 and 2 comprises a body 12 provided with a body frame 14, and for example two bogies 16, each attached to the body 12 and disposed under the frame 14. The body 12 is elongated in a main direction. It comprises an interior passenger space 18, bounded downwards by the frame 14, and seats 20 fixed to the frame 14. The seats 20 are typically arranged in several rows extending perpendicularly to the main direction.

Les bogies 16 sont aptes à supporter et à guider la caisse 12 quand le tramway se déplace le long d'une voie.The bogies 16 are able to support and guide the body 12 when the tramway moves along a path.

Chaque bogie 16 comporte, comme le montre la figure 4 :

  • un châssis de bogie 22 ;
  • deux roues droites 24 et deux roues gauches 26,
  • un moteur 28 d'entraînement des roues droites 24 et des moyens 29 aptes à transmettre le couple généré par le moteur 28 aux roues droites 24 ;
  • un moteur 30 d'entraînement des roues gauches 26 et des moyens 31 aptes à transmettre le couple généré par le moteur 30 aux roues gauches 26 ;
  • pour chaque roue droite 24 et chaque roue gauche 26, un organe de guidage en rotation de ladite roue, et un dispositif de suspension primaire 32 du châssis 22 sur ledit organe de guidage ;
  • des moyens 34 de liaison du bogie 16 à la caisse 12;
  • des freins avant et arrière 36.
Each bogie 16 comprises, as shown in FIG. figure 4 :
  • a bogie frame 22;
  • two right wheels 24 and two left wheels 26,
  • a motor 28 for driving the straight wheels 24 and means 29 capable of transmitting the torque generated by the motor 28 to the straight wheels 24;
  • a motor 30 for driving the left wheels 26 and means 31 capable of transmitting the torque generated by the motor 30 to the left wheels 26;
  • for each right wheel 24 and each left wheel 26, a guide member for rotating said wheel, and a primary suspension device 32 of the frame 22 on said guide member;
  • means 34 for connecting the bogie 16 to the body 12;
  • front and rear brakes 36.

Les roues droites 24 sont alignées longitudinalement l'une derrière l'autre. De même, les roues gauches 26 sont alignées longitudinalement l'une derrière l'autre. Les roues avant gauche et droite sont coaxiales et espacées transversalement l'une de l'autre. Les roues arrière gauche et droite sont également coaxiales et espacées transversalement l'une de l'autre. Les roues 24 et 26 sont liées au châssis 22.The straight wheels 24 are aligned longitudinally one behind the other. Similarly, the left wheels 26 are aligned longitudinally one behind the other. The left and right front wheels are coaxial and spaced transversely from each other. The left and right rear wheels are also coaxial and spaced transversely from each other. The wheels 24 and 26 are connected to the frame 22.

Les moyens de transmission 29 comprennent deux réducteurs 38, chacun associé à une des roues droite 24, et deux accouplements 40 couplant le moteur 28 et les deux réducteurs 38. Chaque réducteur 38 comprend un carter, une entrée 44 liée en rotation à l'arbre du moteur 28 par l'intermédiaire d'un des accouplements 40, et une sortie directement fixée sur la roue 24 correspondante. Le réducteur 38 assure le guidage en rotation de la roue 24 qui lui est associée, par exemple par l'intermédiaire de roulements à billes disposés à l'intérieur du carter, de telle sorte que le réducteur 38 constitue une boîte d'essieux pour la roue 24 qui lui est associée, et forme ainsi l'organe de guidage en rotation de ladite roue 24.The transmission means 29 comprise two gearboxes 38, each associated with one of the right wheels 24, and two couplings 40 coupling the motor 28 and the two gearboxes 38. Each gearbox 38 comprises a housing, an inlet 44 connected in rotation to the shaft of the motor 28 via one of the couplings 40, and an output directly fixed on the corresponding wheel 24. The gearbox 38 provides the rotational guidance of the wheel 24 associated therewith, for example by means of ball bearings disposed inside the housing, such that the gearbox 38 constitutes an axle box for the wheel 24 associated with it, and thus forms the guide member in rotation with said wheel 24.

Le moteur 28 et les réducteurs 38 sont alignés longitudinalement, le moteur 28 étant placé entre les réducteurs 38. Le moteur 28 est placé entre les roues 24, dans une position sensiblement équidistante de ces deux roues 24.The motor 28 and the reducers 38 are aligned longitudinally, the motor 28 being placed between the reducers 38. The motor 28 is placed between the wheels 24, in a position substantially equidistant from these two wheels 24.

Le moteur 28, les réducteurs 38 et les accouplements 40 sont placés vers l'extérieur du bogie 16 par rapport aux roues droites 24. Les réducteurs 38 sont disposés immédiatement à l'extérieur des roues 24.The motor 28, the gearboxes 38 and the couplings 40 are placed towards the outside of the bogie 16 with respect to the straight wheels 24. The gearboxes 38 are arranged immediately outside the wheels 24.

Les moyens de transmission 31 sont similaires aux moyens de transmission 29. Ils comprennent deux réducteurs 46 associés chacun à une roue gauche 26 et deux accouplements 48 couplant le moteur 30 et les réducteurs 46. Les réducteurs 46 jouent le rôle de boîte d'essieux pour les roues gauches 26, et forment donc les organes de guidage en rotation de ces roues. Le moteur 30, les réducteurs 46 et les accouplements 48 sont alignés longitudinalement et sont placés vers l'extérieur du bogie 16 par rapport aux roues gauches 26. Le moteur 30 est placé entre les réducteurs 46 et est sensiblement équidistant des roues gauches 26.The transmission means 31 are similar to the transmission means 29. They comprise two reducers 46 each associated with a left wheel 26 and two couplings 48 coupling the motor 30 and the gear units 46. The gear units 46 act as axle box for the left wheels 26, and thus form the guide members in rotation of these wheels. The motor 30, the gear units 46 and the couplings 48 are aligned longitudinally and are placed towards the outside of the bogie 16 with respect to the left wheels 26. The motor 30 is placed between the gear units 46 and is substantially equidistant from the left wheels 26.

Le bogie 16 comporte deux barres d'essieu 51 transversales, disposées l'une devant et l'autre derrière les roues avant 24 et 26. Ces barres 51 sont rigidement fixées chacune par ses extrémités opposées aux réducteurs 38 et 46 d'entraînement des roues avant 24 et 26. Les barres d'essieu 51 et les réducteurs avant 38 et 46 forment l'essieu avant.The bogie 16 comprises two transverse axle bars 51, arranged one before and one behind the front wheels 24 and 26. These bars 51 are rigidly fixed each by its opposite ends to the gear reducers 38 and 46 of the wheels before 24 and 26. The axle bars 51 and the front reducers 38 and 46 form the front axle.

Le bogie 16 comporte également deux barres d'essieu 51 transversales, disposées l'une devant et l'autre derrière les roues arrière 24 et 26. Ces barres 51 sont fixées rigidement aux réducteurs 38 et 46 d'entraînement des roues arrière 24 et 26 et forment avec ceux-ci l'essieu arrière.The bogie 16 also comprises two transverse axle bars 51, arranged one in front of the other behind the rear wheels 24 and 26. These bars 51 are rigidly fixed to the gearboxes 38 and 46 for driving the rear wheels 24 and 26. and form with them the rear axle.

Ainsi, les deux roues avant ne sont pas solidaires en rotation l'une de l'autre, pas plus que les deux roues arrière.Thus, the two front wheels are not integral in rotation with each other, nor the two rear wheels.

Le châssis 22 comprend des longerons droit et gauche 50 et 52 sensiblement longitudinaux, et deux traverses 54 sensiblement transversales solidarisant les longerons 50 et 52 l'un à l'autre. Les longerons 50 et 52 sont placés vers l'extérieur du bogie 16 par rapport, respectivement, aux roues droites 24 et aux roues gauches 26.The frame 22 comprises substantially longitudinal right and left longitudinal members 50 and 52, and two substantially transverse cross members 54 solidarizing the longitudinal members 50 and 52 to one another. The beams 50 and 52 are placed towards the outside of the bogie 16 with respect, respectively, to the right wheels 24 and the left wheels 26.

Chacun des longerons 50 et 52 comprend une partie centrale 56 entourant partiellement respectivement le moteur 28 ou 30, et des parties d'extrémité 58 longitudinales. La partie centrale 56 est située longitudinalement entre les deux roues 24 ou 26. Elle présente une forme en U et est disposée, par rapport au plan de roulement du bogie 16, sensiblement au même niveau que le moteur 28 ou 30. Elle entoure le moteur 28 ou 30 par l'intérieur du bogie 16. Ainsi, elle comporte un tronçon central 60 longitudinal et deux branches 62 sensiblement transversales s'étendant à partir des extrémités du tronçon 60 (figure 4). Le tronçon 60 est disposé vers l'intérieur du bogie 16 par rapport au moteur 28 ou 30, les tronçons 62 étant disposés l'un à l'avant du moteur 28 ou 30, et l'autre à l'arrière du moteur 28 ou 30.Each of the longitudinal members 50 and 52 comprises a central portion 56 partially surrounding respectively the motor 28 or 30, and end portions 58 longitudinal. The central portion 56 is located longitudinally between the two wheels 24 or 26. It has a U-shape and is disposed relative to the rolling plane of the bogie 16, substantially at the same level as the motor 28 or 30. It surrounds the engine 28 or 30 by the interior of the bogie 16. Thus, it comprises a central longitudinal section 60 and two substantially transverse branches 62 extending from the ends of the section 60 (FIG. figure 4 ). The section 60 is disposed towards the interior of the bogie 16 with respect to the motor 28 or 30, the sections 62 being arranged one at the front of the motor 28 or 30, and the other at the rear of the motor 28 or 30.

Suivant la direction transversale, les tronçons 60 sont situés partiellement au même niveau que les roues 24 et 26, et débordent partiellement vers l'intérieur du bogie 16 par rapport aux roues (figure 3).In the transverse direction, the sections 60 are located partially at the same level as the wheels 24 and 26, and project partially inwardly of the bogie 16 relative to the wheels ( figure 3 ).

Les moteurs 28 et 30 sont rigidement fixés aux parties centrales 56 des longerons 50 et 52.The motors 28 and 30 are rigidly fixed to the central portions 56 of the longitudinal members 50 and 52.

Les parties d'extrémité longitudinales 58 de chaque longeron sont situées l'une à l'avant du moteur 28 ou 30 et l'autre à l'arrière du moteur 28 ou 30. Elles sont situées au-dessus des réducteurs 38 ou 46, et sont donc disposées, par rapport au plan de roulement du bogie 16, à un niveau supérieur à celui du moteur 28 ou 30 et de la partie centrale 56.The longitudinal end portions 58 of each spar are located one at the front of the motor 28 or 30 and the other at the rear of the motor 28 or 30. They are located above the reducers 38 or 46, and are therefore arranged, with respect to the rolling plane of the bogie 16, at a level higher than that of the motor 28 or 30 and the central portion 56.

Les parties d'extrémité 58 comportent à une extrémité tournée vers le moteur 28 ou 30 un pied sensiblement vertical 64 rigidement fixé sur une branche 62 de la partie centrale 56.The end portions 58 have at one end facing the motor 28 or 30 a substantially vertical foot 64 rigidly fixed to a branch 62 of the central portion 56.

Les traverses 54 sont situées, par rapport au plan de roulement du bogie 16, à un niveau inférieur à celui de la partie centrale 56 des longerons 50 et 52.The sleepers 54 are located, with respect to the running surface of the bogie 16, at a level lower than that of the central portion 56 of the longitudinal members 50 and 52.

Les traverses 54 présentent chacune une forme d'auge et s'étendent dans le prolongement des branches transversales 62 des longerons 50 et 52. Plus précisément, comme le montre la figure 4, chaque traverse 54 comprend une portion intermédiaire 66 sensiblement plane, et deux portions obliques 68 prolongeant la portion intermédiaire plane 66. Les portions obliques 68 sont rigidement fixées aux parties centrales 56 des deux longerons 50 et 52. Elles passent sous le tronçon 60 et se raccordent aux deux parties centrales 56 sous les branches transversales 62 placées dans le prolongement de ladite traverse 54.The sleepers 54 each have a trough shape and extend in the extension of the transverse branches 62 of the longitudinal members 50 and 52. More specifically, as shown in FIG. figure 4 each cross-member 54 comprises a substantially flat intermediate portion 66, and two oblique portions 68 extending the flat intermediate portion 66. The oblique portions 68 are rigidly fixed to the central portions 56 of the two longitudinal members 50 and 52. They pass under the section 60 and connect to the two central parts 56 under the transverse branches 62 placed in the extension of said crossbar 54.

Le châssis 22 comporte par ailleurs deux entretoises 69 longitudinales, s'étendant sous les tronçons centraux 60 des longerons 50 et 52, et solidarisant les deux traverses 54 l'une à l'autre (figure 4).The frame 22 also has two longitudinal struts 69, extending under the central sections 60 of the longitudinal members 50 and 52, and securing the two crosspieces 54 to one another ( figure 4 ).

Le dispositif de suspension primaire 32 associé à chacune des roues 24 ou 26 comprend deux organes 70 de suspension primaires du type sandwich caoutchouc-métal. De tels sandwichs sont décrits dans le document de brevet FR-1 536 401 . Chacun des organes 70 est interposé entre le réducteur 38 ou 46 associé à la roue et la partie d'extrémité 58 du longeron 50 ou 52 située au-dessus du réducteur. L'un des organes 70 est disposé à l'avant du réducteur, et l'autre à l'arrière du réducteur.The primary suspension device 32 associated with each of the wheels 24 or 26 comprises two primary suspension members 70 of the rubber-metal sandwich type. Such sandwiches are described in the document FR-1,536,401 . Each of the members 70 is interposed between the gearbox 38 or 46 associated with the wheel and the end portion 58 of the spar 50 or 52 located above the gearbox. One of the members 70 is disposed at the front of the gearbox, and the other at the rear of the gearbox.

Le bogie 16 comprend deux freins à disque 36, l'un associé à la roue arrière droite 24, et l'autre à la roue avant gauche 26, monté vers l'extérieur du bogie 16 par rapport au réducteur 38 ou 46 associé à la roue. Le bogie 16 illustré sur les figures 1 à 4 est de type non pivotant, ce qui signifie que les moyens de liaison 34 entre le bogie 16 et la caisse 12 du tramway n'autorisent un débattement en rotation du bogie 16 par rapport à la caisse 12 que d'un angle inférieur à 2°.The bogie 16 comprises two disc brakes 36, one associated with the right rear wheel 24, and the other with the left front wheel 26, mounted towards the outside of the bogie 16 relative to the gearbox 38 or 46 associated with the wheel. The bogie 16 illustrated on the Figures 1 to 4 is of non-pivoting type, which means that the connecting means 34 between the truck 16 and the body 12 of the tramway allow a rotational movement of the bogie 16 relative to the body 12 than an angle of less than 2 ° .

Les moyens de liaison 34 entre le bogie 16 et la caisse 12 comportent entre autre quatre organes 78 de suspension secondaires, interposés entre les parties centrales 56 des longerons 50 et 52 et le châssis de caisse 14. Les organes de suspension secondaires 78 comprennent chacun un ressort hélicoïdal. Deux des organes 78 reposent sur le longeron 50, les deux autres reposant sur le longeron 52. Les organes 78 sont disposés sur les parties centrales 56 des longerons 50 et 52, aux angles entre le tronçon central 60 de chaque partie 56 et les branches latérales 62. Ils sont en appui sur le châssis de caisse 14 par l'intermédiaire de cales non représentées.The connecting means 34 between the bogie 16 and the body 12 comprise, among other things, four secondary suspension members 78 interposed between the central parts 56 of the longitudinal members 50 and 52 and the body frame 14. The secondary suspension members 78 each comprise a coil spring. Two of the members 78 rest on the spar 50, the two others resting on the spar 52. The members 78 are arranged on the central portions 56 of the spars 50 and 52, at the corners between the central section 60 of each portion 56 and the lateral branches. 62. They are supported on the body frame 14 by means of not shown shims.

Comme le montre la figure 1, le châssis de caisse 14 présente une première partie surélevée 90 au droit des roues avant et arrière droites 24, une seconde partie surélevée 92 au droit des roues avant et arrière gauches 26, et une partie basse 94 entre les première et seconde parties surélevées 90 et 92. Les parties surélevées 90 et 92 s'étendent, parallèlement à la direction principale, sur toute la longueur du bogie 16. Perpendiculairement à la direction principale, la partie 90 présente une largeur suffisante pour couvrir le longeron droit 50, le moteur droit 28, les réducteurs 38, les accouplements 40, le frein arrière droit 36, les roues droites 24 et les ressorts hélicoïdaux de suspension secondaires 78. De manière symétrique, la partie 92 couvre le longeron gauche 52, le moteur gauche 30, les réducteurs 46, les accouplements 48, le frein avant gauche 36, les roues gauches 26 et les organes de suspension secondaires 78 disposés sur le longeron 52.As shown in figure 1 , the body frame 14 has a first raised portion 90 to the right front and rear right wheels 24, a second raised portion 92 to the right of the left front and rear wheels 26, and a lower portion 94 between the first and second raised portions 90 and 92. The raised portions 90 and 92 extend, parallel to the principal direction, over the entire length of the bogie 16. Perpendicular to the principal direction, the portion 90 has a width sufficient to cover the right spar 50, the right motor 28, the reducers 38, the couplings 40, the right rear brake 36, the straight wheels 24 and the secondary suspension coil springs 78. In a symmetrical manner, the part 92 covers the left spar 52, the left motor 30, the reducers 46, the couplings 48, the left front brake 36, the left wheels 26 and the secondary suspension members 78 arranged on the spar 52.

La partie basse 94 forme un couloir de circulation à l'intérieur de la caisse 12, ce couloir étant sensiblement parallèle à la direction principale. Le couloir, considéré dans un plan perpendiculaire à la direction principale, s'étend au milieu de la caisse 12, c'est-à-dire à mi-distance des deux parois latérales 95 de la caisse 12.The lower part 94 forms a circulation corridor inside the body 12, this passage being substantially parallel to the main direction. The corridor, considered in a plane perpendicular to the main direction, extends in the middle of the box 12, that is to say halfway between the two side walls 95 of the box 12.

Le plancher 96 du couloir de circulation est situé à un niveau de sensiblement 380 mm par rapport au plan de roulement du bogie 16, en considérant que les roues 24 et 26 du bogie 16 possèdent leur diamètre à neuf. Le couloir 94 présente une largeur, perpendiculairement à la direction principale, de 800 mm environ. Transversalement, il s'étend pratiquement depuis le tronçon central 60 du longeron droit 50 jusqu'au tronçon central 60 du longeron gauche 52. Toutefois, un espace libre est prévu entre les parois latérales 98 de la partie basse 94 et les tronçons 60, de manière à permettre un faible débattement en rotation (environ 2°) du bogie 16 par rapport à la caisse 12.The floor 96 of the circulation corridor is located at a level of substantially 380 mm with respect to the running surface of the bogie 16, considering that the wheels 24 and 26 of the truck 16 have their diameter to nine. The corridor 94 has a width, perpendicular to the main direction, of about 800 mm. Transversely, it extends practically from the central section 60 of the right spar 50 to the central section 60 of the left spar 52. However, a free space is provided between the side walls 98 of the lower part 94 and the sections 60, in such a way as to allow a low clearance (about 2 °) of the bogie 16 relative to the body 12.

Comme le montre la figure 2, chacune des parties surélevées 90 et 92 comporte, considérée d'avant en arrière, des zones de niveaux différents. Plus précisément, chaque partie comporte d'abord une zone de niveau moyen 100, puis une zone 102 de niveau plus élevé que la zone 100, puis une zone 104 de même niveau que la zone 100, puis une zone 106 de niveau plus faible que la zone 100, puis une zone 108 de même niveau que les zones 100 et 104, puis une zone 110 de même niveau que la zone 102, et enfin une zone 112 de même niveau que les zones 100, 104 et 108. La zone 106 s'étend au droit du moteur 28 ou 30 et du tronçon central 60 du longeron 50 ou 52. Les zones 100/102/104 d'une part et 108/110/112 d'autre part s'étendent au droit des parties d'extrémités 58 du longeron 50 ou 52.As shown in figure 2 each of the raised portions 90 and 92 includes, from front to back, areas of different levels. More specifically, each part comprises first a medium level zone 100, then a zone 102 of level higher than the zone 100, then a zone 104 of the same level as the zone 100, then a zone 106 of lower level than the zone 100, then a zone 108 of the same level as the zones 100 and 104, then a zone 110 of the same level as the zone 102, and finally a zone 112 of the same level as the zones 100, 104 and 108. The zone 106 extends to the right of the engine 28 or 30 and the central section 60 of the spar 50 or 52. The zones 100/102/104 on the one hand and 108/110/112 on the other hand extend to the right of the parts d ends 58 of the spar 50 or 52.

Comme on le comprend en considérant les figures 1 à 3, deux sièges 20 sont fixés côte à côte dans chacune des zones 100, 104, 108 et 112. Les sièges 20 des zones 104 et 108 se font face, la zone 106 permettant aux passagers assis sur ces sièges de reposer leurs pieds. Les sièges 20 des zones 100 et 104 sont disposés dos à dos, de même que les sièges des zones 108 et 112.As is understood by considering the Figures 1 to 3 two seats 20 are fixed side by side in each of the zones 100, 104, 108 and 112. The seats 20 of the zones 104 and 108 face each other, the zone 106 allowing the seated passengers on these seats to rest their feet. The seats 20 of the zones 100 and 104 are arranged back to back, as are the seats of the zones 108 and 112.

Ainsi, la caisse 12 comporte, au-dessus du bogie 16, seize sièges 20 pour les passagers.Thus, the body 12 comprises, above the bogie 16, sixteen seats 20 for the passengers.

Une variante de réalisation de l'invention va maintenant être décrite, en référence à la figure 5. Le bogie 16 illustré sur la figure 5 est adapté aux voies d'écartement métrique, présentant entre leurs rails un écartement de 1000 mm ou 1067 mm.An alternative embodiment of the invention will now be described, with reference to the figure 5 . The bogie 16 illustrated on the figure 5 is suitable for metric gauge tracks, having between their rails a gap of 1000 mm or 1067 mm.

Seules les différences avec le bogie 16 des figures 1 à 4 seront détaillées ci-dessous. Les éléments identiques ou de même fonction, porteront les mêmes références que pour le bogie des figures 1 à 4.Only the differences with the bogie 16 of Figures 1 to 4 will be detailed below. Identical elements or the same function, will bear the same references as for the bogie Figures 1 to 4 .

Dans le bogie de la figure 5, les parties centrales 56 des longerons 50 et 52 contournent respectivement les moteurs 28 et 30 par l'extérieur du bogie 16. Ainsi, les tronçons centraux 60 de ces longerons sont disposés vers l'extérieur du bogie 16 par rapport aux moteurs 28 et 30. Les parties obliques montantes 68 des traverses 54 ne se raccordent plus sous les branches transversales 62 des longerons 50 et 52. Au contraire, ces parties 68 constituent des prolongements des branches transversales 62 des longerons 50 et 52.In the bogie of the figure 5 , the central portions 56 of the longitudinal members 50 and 52 respectively bypass the motors 28 and 30 from outside the bogie 16. Thus, the central sections 60 of these longitudinal members are arranged towards the outside of the bogie 16 with respect to the motors 28 and 30 The rising oblique parts 68 of the crosspieces 54 are no longer connected under the transverse branches 62 of the longitudinal members 50 and 52. On the contrary, these parts 68 constitute extensions of the transverse branches 62 of the longitudinal members 50 and 52.

Du fait que les parties centrales des longerons 50 et 52 entourent les moteurs 28 et 30 par l'extérieur du bogie 16, les ressorts de suspension secondaires 78 sont eux aussi déportés vers l'extérieur du bogie 16 par rapport aux roues 24 et 26. Les ressorts 78 sont ici encore placés à l'intersection entre les tronçons centraux 60 et les branches transversales 62 des longerons 50 et 52. Ils sont donc situés vers l'extérieur du bogie par rapport aux parties d'extrémités 58 des longerons 50 et 52.Because the central portions of the longitudinal members 50 and 52 surround the motors 28 and 30 from outside the bogie 16, the secondary suspension springs 78 are also offset towards the outside of the bogie 16 with respect to the wheels 24 and 26. The springs 78 are again placed at the intersection between the central sections 60 and the transverse branches 62 of the longitudinal members 50 and 52. They are thus located towards the outside of the bogie with respect to the end portions 58 of the longitudinal members 50 and 52. .

Les entretoises 69 sont décalées vers l'intérieur du bogie 16 par rapport aux roues 24 et 26.The spacers 69 are shifted inwardly of the bogie 16 with respect to the wheels 24 and 26.

Pour cette variante de réalisation, le niveau du plancher 96 du couloir de circulation est d'environ 380 mm par rapport au plan de roulement du bogie 16, pour des roues 24 et 26 possédant leur diamètre à neuf. La largeur du couloir 94 perpendiculairement à la direction principale du véhicule est d'environ 600 mm.For this variant embodiment, the level of the floor 96 of the circulation corridor is about 380 mm with respect to the running surface of the bogie 16, for wheels 24 and 26 having their diameter to nine. The width of the corridor 94 perpendicular to the main direction of the vehicle is about 600 mm.

La figure 6 illustre une autre variante de réalisation de l'invention, correspondant à un bogie pivotant, adapté aux voies de circulation d'écartement standard.The figure 6 illustrates another variant of the invention, corresponding to a pivoting bogie, adapted to standard gauge circulation channels.

Seules les différences par rapport aux bogies 16 des figures 1 à 4 seront détaillées ci-dessous. Les éléments identiques ou de même fonction, porteront les mêmes références.Only the differences compared to the bogies 16 Figures 1 to 4 will be detailed below. Identical elements or the same function, will bear the same references.

Dans le bogie 16 de la figure 6, les parties centrales 56 des longerons 50 et 52 sont dépourvues de tronçons centraux 60. Les branches transversales 62 d'une même partie centrale sont reliées l'une à l'autre par l'intermédiaire des portions obliques 68 des traverses, les portions 68 étant elles-mêmes solidarisées l'une à l'autre par l'intermédiaire d'une des entretoises 69. Comme dans le bogie 16 des figures 1 à 4, les portions obliques 68 des traverses se raccordent sous les branches transversales 62.In the bogie 16 of the figure 6 , the central portions 56 of the longitudinal members 50 and 52 are devoid of central sections 60. The transverse branches 62 of the same central portion are connected to each other via the oblique portions 68 of the cross members, the portions 68 being themselves secured to one another by means of one of the spacers 69. As in the truck 16 of the Figures 1 to 4 , the oblique portions 68 of the crosspieces are connected under the transverse branches 62.

Par ailleurs, les moyens 34 de liaison du bogie 16 à la caisse 12 comportent une traverse danseuse 114, des organes de suspension secondaires 116 interposés entre la traverse danseuse 114 et les parties centrales 56 des longerons 50 et 52, et des moyens de liaison pivot 118 autour d'un axe perpendiculaire au plan de roulement du bogie 16. La traverse danseuse 114 s'étend transversalement, sensiblement à équidistance des roues avant et arrière. La traverse danseuse 114 comprend une partie centrale surbaissée 120, deux plateaux d'extrémité surélevés 122 et deux bras inclinés 124 reliant la partie centrale 120 aux plateaux d'extrémité 122. Les moyens de liaison pivot 118 sont constitués d'une couronne formant roulement à billes.Furthermore, the means 34 for connecting the bogie 16 to the body 12 comprise a bolster 114, secondary suspension members 116 interposed between the bolster 114 and the central portions 56 of the longitudinal members 50 and 52, and pivot connection means 118 about an axis perpendicular to the rolling plane of the truck 16. The sleeper 114 extends transversely, substantially equidistant from the front and rear wheels. The bolster 114 comprises a lowered central portion 120, two raised end plates 122 and two inclined arms 124 connecting the central portion 120 to the end plates 122. The pivot connection means 118 are constituted by a ring gear. balls.

Les plateaux 122 de la traverse danseuse 114 sont situés à l'aplomb des entretoises longitudinales 69 et sont liés à ces entretoises 69 par les organes de suspension secondaires 116.The plates 122 of the bolster 114 are located vertically above the longitudinal struts 69 and are connected to these struts 69 by the secondary suspension members 116.

A cette fin, le châssis 22 comporte deux plaques d'appui 130 rigidement fixées sur chacune des entretoises 69.To this end, the frame 22 comprises two support plates 130 rigidly fixed on each of the spacers 69.

Chaque organe de suspension secondaire 116 comprend deux sandwichs élastiques 132 caoutchouc-métal, disposés en chevrons de part et d'autre du plateau 122, et interposés entre le plateau 122 et les plaques d'appui 130. Les sandwichs 132 sont du type décrits dans le document de brevet FR-1 536 401 . Les plateaux 122 sont disposés immédiatement vers l'intérieur du bogie 16 par rapport aux moteurs 28 et 30, et sont situés verticalement sensiblement au même niveau que les moteurs 28 et 30 par rapport au plan de roulement du bogie 16.Each secondary suspension member 116 comprises two rubber-metal elastic sandwiches, arranged in chevrons on either side of the plate 122, and interposed between the plate 122 and the support plates 130. The sandwiches 132 are of the type described in FIG. the patent document FR-1 536 401 . The trays 122 are arranged immediately towards the inside of the bogie 16 with respect to the motors 28 and 30, and are situated vertically substantially at the same level as the motors 28 and 30 with respect to the running surface of the bogie 16.

Le bogie 16 comprend également des arbres de transmission avant et arrière respectivement 134 et 136. Les roues 24 et 26 sont montées solidaires en rotation des arbres 134 et 136.The bogie 16 also includes front and rear transmission shafts 134 and 136. The wheels 24 and 26 are mounted to rotate with the shafts 134 and 136, respectively.

De ce fait, l'entraînement est réalisé ici par essieu et pas par file de rail. Ainsi, le moteur 28 entraîne le réducteur arrière 38 par l'intermédiaire de l'accouplement 40, celui-ci entraînant la roue arrière droite 24, celle-ci entraînant à son tour la roue arrière gauche 26 par l'intermédiaire de l'arbre de transmission 136. Le réducteur arrière gauche 46 est remplacé par une simple boîte d'essieu assurant le guidage en rotation de la roue arrière gauche 26, cette boîte ne comportant pas de pignonerie interne d'entraînement de ladite roue.As a result, the drive is performed here by axle and not by rail. Thus, the motor 28 drives the rear gear 38 via the coupling 40, the latter driving the right rear wheel 24, the latter in turn driving the left rear wheel 26 through the shaft The left rear reduction gear 46 is replaced by a simple axle box providing rotational guidance of the left rear wheel 26, this box having no internal gearing for driving said wheel.

De même, le moteur 30 entraîne le réducteur avant 46 par l'intermédiaire de l'accouplement 48, celui-ci entraînant la roue avant gauche 26, celle-ci entraînant à son tour la roue avant droite 24 par l'intermédiaire de l'arbre de transmission 134. Le réducteur avant droit 38 est remplacé par une boite d'essieu 138 assurant le guidage en rotation de la roue avant droite 24.Similarly, the motor 30 drives the front gear 46 via the coupling 48, the latter driving the left front wheel 26, the latter in turn driving the front right wheel 24 through the transmission shaft 134. The right front reduction gearbox 38 is replaced by an axle gearbox 138 for guiding the right front wheel 24 in rotation.

En variante, le bogie 16 peut être dépourvu d'arbre de transmission 134, 136, les moteurs 28 et 30 entraînant respectivement les roues droites 24 et les roues gauches 26. L'entraînement est dans ce cas réalisé par file de rail.Alternatively, the bogie 16 may be devoid of transmission shaft 134, 136, the motors 28 and 30 respectively driving the right wheel 24 and the left wheel 26. The drive is in this case made by rail.

Pour cette variante de réalisation, le niveau du plancher 96 du couloir de circulation est d'environ 480 mm par rapport au plan de roulement du bogie 16, en considérant que les roues 24 et 26 ont leur diamètre à neuf. Le couloir 94 présente une largeur d'environ 600 mm.For this variant embodiment, the level of the floor 96 of the circulation corridor is approximately 480 mm with respect to the running surface of the bogie 16, considering that the wheels 24 and 26 have their diameter to nine. The corridor 94 has a width of about 600 mm.

Le bogie décrit ci-dessus présente de multiples avantages.The bogie described above has many advantages.

Du fait qu'au moins un des longerons du bogie présente une partie centrale entourant partiellement le moteur et disposée sensiblement au même niveau que ce moteur par rapport au plan de roulement, et des parties d'extrémité disposées à un niveau supérieur à celui du moteur et de la partie centrale, il est possible de créer un plus grand nombre de places assises dans la caisse au droit du bogie.Because at least one of the longitudinal beams of the bogie has a central portion partially surrounding the engine and disposed substantially at the same level as the engine relative to the running surface, and end portions disposed at a level greater than that of the engine and the central part, it is possible to create a greater number of seats in the box to the right of the bogie.

En effet, il devient de ce fait possible de créer dans le châssis de caisse deux zones basses latérales entre les roues avant et arrière du bogie. Deux sièges peuvent être disposés à l'avant de chaque zone basse et deux autres sièges à l'arrière de chaque zone basse, en vis-à-vis des sièges avant. Chaque zone basse sert à loger les jambes des passagers assis sur les quatre sièges en vis-à-vis.Indeed, it becomes possible to create in the body frame two low side zones between the front and rear wheels of the truck. Two seats can be arranged at the front of each lower zone and two other seats at the rear of each lower zone, opposite the front seats. Each low zone is used to house the legs of the passengers sitting on the four seats facing each other.

Par ailleurs, du fait que les organes les plus encombrants du bogie, c'est-à-dire les moteurs, les réducteurs, les suspensions primaires et les suspensions secondaires, sont rejetés vers l'extérieur du bogie par rapport aux roues ou sont situés sensiblement au même niveau que les roues, il est possible d'aménager un couloir central particulièrement bas et large dans la caisse.Furthermore, because the most bulky bodies of the bogie, that is to say the motors, reducers, primary suspensions and secondary suspensions, are rejected to the outside of the bogie relative to the wheels where are located At the same level as the wheels, it is possible to arrange a particularly low and wide central corridor in the box.

Le bogie est adapté à la fois aux voies d'écartement standard, et aux voies d'écartement métrique. Selon l'écartement de la voie, la partie centrale de chaque longeron entoure le moteur soit par l'intérieur du bogie, soit par l'extérieur du bogie.The bogie is suitable for both standard gauge tracks and metric gauge tracks. Depending on the gauge of the track, the central part of each spar surrounds the engine either by the inside of the bogie or by the outside of the bogie.

Le bogie décrit ci-dessus peut présenter de multiples variantes.The bogie described above can have multiple variants.

Le bogie peut être équipé de deux essieux tournants, chaque moteur entraînant dans ce cas les deux roues associées à un même essieu et non plus les deux roues situées d'un même côté du bogie. Dans ce cas, le plancher du couloir de circulation de la caisse doit être situé environ à 480 mm au-dessus du plan de roulement du bogie.The bogie can be equipped with two rotating axles, each motor driving in this case the two wheels associated with the same axle and no longer the two wheels located on the same side of the bogie. In this case, the floor of the traffic lane of the body must be located approximately 480 mm above the running surface of the bogie.

Le bogie peut comporter quatre moteurs, entraînant chacun une des roues. Dans ce cas les moteurs entraînant les roues situées d'un même côté latéral du bogie sont alignés longitudinalement, et placés au centre de la partie en U du longeron correspondant.The bogie may comprise four engines, each driving one of the wheels. In this case the motors driving the wheels located on the same side of the bogie are aligned longitudinally, and placed in the center of the U-shaped portion of the corresponding spar.

Dans le cas où le bogie est non pivotant, les ressorts hélicoïdaux de suspension secondaire peuvent être remplacés par des sandwichs caoutchouc-acier.In the case where the bogie is non-pivoting, the helical secondary suspension springs can be replaced by rubber-steel sandwiches.

Par ailleurs, les sandwichs caoutchouc-acier de suspension primaires peuvent être remplacés par des ressorts hélicoïdaux.In addition, primary rubber-steel suspension sandwiches can be replaced by coil springs.

Le bogie peut ne comprendre qu'un seul longeron présentant une partie centrale surbaissée entourant le moteur, l'autre longeron passant au-dessus du moteur. Dans ce cas, le nombre de sièges qu'il est possible de disposer dans la caisse au-dessus du bogie est inférieur à seize.The bogie may include only one spar having a lowered central portion surrounding the engine, the other spar passing above the engine. In this case, the number of seats that can be disposed in the box above the bogie is less than sixteen.

Claims (11)

  1. Bogie (16) for a rail vehicle, the bogie (16) comprising:
    - a chassis (22);
    - two wheels (24) located on a first lateral side of the bogie (16) and two wheels (26) located on a second lateral side of the bogie (16), the wheels (24, 26) being associated with the chassis (22);
    - at least one drive motor (28) for at least one wheel (24, 26), which motor is arranged towards the outside of the bogie (16) relative to the wheels (24) located on the first lateral side,
    the chassis (22) comprising at least one longitudinal side member (50) arranged towards the outside of the bogie (16) relative to the wheels (24) located on the first lateral side,
    characterised in that said side member (50) comprises a central portion (56), which partially surrounds said motor (28) and which is arranged, relative to the running plane of the bogie, at substantially the same level as said motor (28), and longitudinal end portions (58), which are arranged, relative to the running plane of the bogie (16), at a level higher than that of said motor (28) and central portion (56).
  2. Bogie according to claim 1, characterised in that the central portion (56) of said side member (50) surrounds said motor (28) to the outside of the bogie (16).
  3. Bogie according to claim 1, characterised in that the central portion (56) of said side member (50) surrounds said motor (28) to the inside of the bogie (16).
  4. Bogie acording to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the central portion (56) of said side member (50) is U-shaped and comprises a longitudinal central section (60) and two transverse branches (62).
  5. Bogie according to claim 4, characterised in that the end portions (58) of said side member (50) are rigidly fixed, at each end of the motor (28), to the two transverse branches (62) of the central portion (56) of said side member (50).
  6. Bogie according to claim 4 or 5, characterised in that the chassis (22) comprises two transverse cross members (54) extending in prolongation of the two transverse branches (62) of the central portion (56) of said side member (50), the transverse cross members (54) being arranged, relative to the running plane of the bogie (16), at a level lower than that of the central portion (56) of said side member (50).
  7. Bogie according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that it comprises, for each wheel (24) located on the first lateral side of the bogie (16), an element (38) for controlling said wheel (24) in terms of rotation, which element is placed towards the outside of the bogie (16) relative to said wheel (24), and a primary suspension device (32) interposed between an end portion (58) of said side member (50) and the controlling element (38).
  8. Bogie according to claim 7, characterised in that it comprises at least one reduction gear (38) arranged to transmit a torque generated by said motor (28) to at least one of the wheels (24) located on the first side of the bogie (16), said reduction gear (38) constituting the element for controlling said wheel (24) in terms of rotation.
  9. Bogie according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterised in that it comprises two motors (28, 30), which are arranged to drive the wheels (24, 26), respectively, located on the first and second sides of the bogie (16) and which are arranged towards the outside of the bogie (16) relative to the wheels (24, 26), respectively, located on the first and second sides, the chassis (22) comprising two side members (50, 52) arranged towards the outside of the bogie (16) relative to the wheels (24, 26), respectively, located on the first and second sides of the bogie (16), the side members (50, 52) each being provided with a central portion (56), which partially surrounds the corresponding motor (28, 30) and which is arranged, relative to the running plane of the bogie (16), at substantially the same level as said motor (28, 30), and longitudinal end portions (58), which are arranged, relative to the running plane of the bogie (16), at a level higher than that of said motor (28, 30) and said central portion (56).
  10. Bogie according to claim 9, characterised in that it comprises at least one secondary suspension element (78) mounted on the central portion (56) of each side member (50, 52) and arranged to be interposed between the body (14) of the rail vehicle and said side member (50, 52).
  11. Bogie according to claim 9, characterised in that it comprises a bogie bolster (114), at least one secondary suspension element (116) interposed between the bogie bolster (114) and the central portion (56) of each of the side members (50, 52), and pivot linkage means (118) around an axis substantially perpendicular to the running plane of the bogie (16), the pivot linkage means (118) being arranged to link the bogie bolster (114) to the body (14) of the rail vehicle.
EP08103095A 2007-04-06 2008-03-28 Bogie for rail vehicle Not-in-force EP1977949B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL08103095T PL1977949T3 (en) 2007-04-06 2008-03-28 Bogie for rail vehicle

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0754369A FR2914608B1 (en) 2007-04-06 2007-04-06 BOGIE FOR RAILWAY VEHICLE

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1977949A1 EP1977949A1 (en) 2008-10-08
EP1977949B1 true EP1977949B1 (en) 2011-02-23

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EP08103095A Not-in-force EP1977949B1 (en) 2007-04-06 2008-03-28 Bogie for rail vehicle

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EP (1) EP1977949B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE499263T1 (en)
DE (1) DE602008005055D1 (en)
ES (1) ES2361447T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2914608B1 (en)
PL (1) PL1977949T3 (en)

Families Citing this family (7)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
TR201113211A2 (en) * 2011-12-29 2012-12-21 Durmazlar Mak�Na Sanay� Ve T�Caret Anon�M ��Rket� Two-piece bogie with a new type of suspension system.
RU2585131C1 (en) * 2014-12-15 2016-05-27 Акционерное общество "Уральский завод транспортного машиностроения" (АО "Уралтрансмаш") Railway vehicle drive bogie, primarily low-floor tram
CN105216548B (en) * 2015-09-30 2017-12-26 中车南京浦镇车辆有限公司 A kind of rubber wheel driving wheel pair
FR3074468B1 (en) * 2017-12-05 2019-12-20 Alstom Transport Technologies RAIL VEHICLE BOGIE
RU2759962C1 (en) * 2020-10-10 2021-11-19 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "ПК Транспортные системы" DRIVEN WHEELED SWIVEL BOGIE OF A RAIL VEHICLE, PRIMARILY A TRAM WITH A 100% LOW FLOOR LEVEL, WITH A TRACK WIDTH OF 1,000 mm
RU2762296C1 (en) * 2020-10-10 2021-12-17 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "ПК Транспортные системы" Driven wheel non-rotating trolley of rail vehicle, mainly tram with 100% low floor level, with a track width of 1000 mm
CN112678012B (en) * 2021-01-07 2022-08-30 中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 Bogie axle bridge, wheel shaft system and bogie

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FR536401A (en) 1921-04-28 1922-05-03 Improvements to latches or fasteners for windows, doors and similar applications
FR1536401A (en) 1967-07-05 1968-08-16 Pneumatiques, Caoutchouc Manufacture Et Plastiques Kleber Colombes Rubber spring for vehicle suspension or similar application
US4538525A (en) * 1983-04-25 1985-09-03 Lukens General Industries, Inc. Four-wheel passenger car truck
FR2826328B1 (en) 2001-06-26 2003-08-29 Alstom MOTOR BOGIE FOR RAILWAY VEHICLE WITH INTEGRAL LOW FLOOR
DE102004054917A1 (en) * 2004-11-09 2006-05-11 Henschel Antriebstechnik Gmbh Transmission for a rail vehicle, in particular a low-floor vehicle, and thus equipped rail vehicle

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE499263T1 (en) 2011-03-15
FR2914608A1 (en) 2008-10-10
EP1977949A1 (en) 2008-10-08
FR2914608B1 (en) 2009-06-26
DE602008005055D1 (en) 2011-04-07
PL1977949T3 (en) 2011-07-29
ES2361447T3 (en) 2011-06-17

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