EP1972543A1 - Antriebssystem für einen teilweise tauchenden Propeller - Google Patents

Antriebssystem für einen teilweise tauchenden Propeller Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1972543A1
EP1972543A1 EP07425174A EP07425174A EP1972543A1 EP 1972543 A1 EP1972543 A1 EP 1972543A1 EP 07425174 A EP07425174 A EP 07425174A EP 07425174 A EP07425174 A EP 07425174A EP 1972543 A1 EP1972543 A1 EP 1972543A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
propeller
flap
drive shaft
watercraft
transom
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP07425174A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Brunello Acampora
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Flexitab Srl
Original Assignee
Flexitab Srl
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Flexitab Srl filed Critical Flexitab Srl
Priority to EP07425174A priority Critical patent/EP1972543A1/de
Priority to EP08718151.7A priority patent/EP2137060B1/de
Priority to PCT/EP2008/053454 priority patent/WO2008116855A1/en
Publication of EP1972543A1 publication Critical patent/EP1972543A1/de
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H1/00—Propulsive elements directly acting on water
    • B63H1/02—Propulsive elements directly acting on water of rotary type
    • B63H1/12—Propulsive elements directly acting on water of rotary type with rotation axis substantially in propulsive direction
    • B63H1/14—Propellers
    • B63H1/16—Propellers having a shrouding ring attached to blades
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H1/00—Propulsive elements directly acting on water
    • B63H1/02—Propulsive elements directly acting on water of rotary type
    • B63H1/12—Propulsive elements directly acting on water of rotary type with rotation axis substantially in propulsive direction
    • B63H1/14—Propellers
    • B63H1/18—Propellers with means for diminishing cavitation, e.g. supercavitation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H1/00—Propulsive elements directly acting on water
    • B63H1/02—Propulsive elements directly acting on water of rotary type
    • B63H1/12—Propulsive elements directly acting on water of rotary type with rotation axis substantially in propulsive direction
    • B63H1/14—Propellers
    • B63H1/18—Propellers with means for diminishing cavitation, e.g. supercavitation
    • B63H2001/185—Surfacing propellers, i.e. propellers specially adapted for operation at the water surface, with blades incompletely submerged, or piercing the water surface from above in the course of each revolution

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a marine drive system of the kind having a partially submerged propeller, provided with one or more propellers positioned at the lower part of the transom of a watercraft, with the drive shaft projecting astern.
  • the propeller In this drive system typology, the propeller is intended to remain only partially submerged in the operation thereof, causing a driving flow localized at the water surface.
  • This system being generally adoptable on every watercraft, in the current state of the art finds its preferred application in the field of high speed planning watercrafts, for competition, sporting and yachting.
  • the propeller efficiency intended as the ratio between the driving power actually transferred to the water and actually exploited and the power at the drive shaft, is optimized in the partially submerged operation, wherein the water level, obviously considering the wave generated by the wake, substantially corresponds to the propeller centre line, i.e. about to the drive shaft (50& disc area submerged).
  • the wake wave is located at a certain distance from the transom, so as not to interfere with or to partially interfere with the propeller.
  • the propeller In lower speed conditions than the rated speed, wherein the cruise configuration is not assumed by the watercraft yet, the propeller is in a completely submerged configuration or in an intermediate configuration, wherein it does not transfer drive power to the water with the rated efficiency and even it forces the engine to provide a high drive torque at low rpm.
  • the technical problem at the root of the present invention is to devise a marine drive system allowing to obviate to the drawbacks mention with reference to the prior art.
  • a partially submerged propeller marine drive systems above specified comprising, at each drive shaft, a flap between the transom and the propeller, positioned so as to intercept the wake wave when the watercraft travels at speed lower than the rated speed, i.e. in the transition phase between the still watercraft and the rated design condition, wherein the watercraft travels at speed lower than the rated speed.
  • the main advantage of the marine drive system according to the present invention lies in the more affective directing of the wake wave, so as to allow the propeller(s) to operate, at lower speeds, in a condition nearer to the optimum, without affecting the propeller(s) operation at the rated cruise speed of the watercraft.
  • a drive system is only partially depicted with reference to a sole propeller, but it will be apparent how the system may use more propellers, e.g. a pair, mirroring, for each propeller, the structure which will be described hereinafter, so as to apply it on the transom of every watercraft, in particular a displacing pr semi-displacing watercraft, possibly with one or more propellers for one or more hulls.
  • more propellers e.g. a pair, mirroring
  • the propellers are placed so as be counter rotating, and consequently all the details, which will be described hereinafter, will be mirrored from one propeller to the other.
  • a first embodiment of a partially submerged propeller drive system is indicated as 1. It comprises a propeller 2 and a supporting structure 3 which in turn has a fastening plate 4, apt to be secured to the transom of a watercraft.
  • the system has, in connection with the transmission of the driving torque to the propeller 2, a stern tube 7 housing the drive shaft between said fastening plate 4 and the propeller 2.
  • Said tube simultaneously works as hydraulic sealing, preventing the water leaking inside the watercraft; as thrust bearing, for transferring the thrust generated by the propeller to the lower part of the fastening plate 4; and as possibly structural support for the propeller shaft.
  • the tube 7 housing the drive shaft is linked to means for positioning the drive shaft, in the present embodiment of the kind having an active-type hydraulic cylinder 14, able to absorb the thrusts involving the shaft, along any direction, and to actively modify the height of the propeller, e.g. for adjusting the latter in connection with different load or speed conditions of the watercraft.
  • the means for positioning the drive shaft are placed below a projecting case 10 which will be detailed in the following.
  • the drive shaft can be oriented on a vertical plane, achieving the adjustment of the propeller immersion.
  • This typology is suitable for cargos and recreational crafts, having a planing-type bottom hull suitable for medium-high speeds.
  • the propeller 2 is mounted to the drive shaft, the propeller being of the type with five blades appropriately shaped for this kind of propeller.
  • the marine drive system 1 At the drive shaft, i.e. at the stern tube 7 thereof, the marine drive system 1 according to the present embodiment comprises a flap 100, substantially positioned between the transom, i.e. the fastening plate 4, and the propeller 2.
  • the flap 100 is positioned so as to intercept and control the wake wave at every speed, and in particular when the wave tends to excessively submerge the propeller disc.
  • the flap 100 has a substantially convex shape, with the concavity facing the top side, so as to direct bottomwise a V-shaped camber.
  • the flap is positioned just below the drive shaft and it is linked to the latter, i.e. to the stern tube 7 thereof. Due to the presence of the means for positioning the drive shaft, it can suitably adjust the position of the flap 100 too, varying it according to the different cruise conditions.
  • the flap 100 is delta-shaped, with the apex directed toward the transom of the watercraft, and it comprises a longitudinal centre portion 102, corresponding to the drive shaft section between propeller 2 and fastening plate 4.
  • the flap 100 comprises a rear edge 104 faced to the propeller 2, extending along a width of about 50% of the propeller diameter, preferably equal or greater than the 80% of the propeller diameter, to reach or to slightly overcome the width of the propeller diameter.
  • width, and even the flap area can be modified ad adapted according to the features of the single applications and can vary from 20% to 100% of the propeller diameter.
  • the shape of the flap 100 can be modified just to adapt itself to peculiar design requirements concerning the watercraft manoeuvrability or the performances thereof.
  • the area, the planar shape, the cross-section and the longitudinal section of the flap can be appropriately sized and optimized for each single application.
  • the flap 100 can be positioned just above the drive shaft, i.e. above the tube thereof.
  • a suitably shaped projecting case 10 extends from the fastening plate 4, overlapping the region of the propeller 2.
  • Such case 10 is sealed on the plate 4, so as to prevent the water leaking inside.
  • It has, at the region of the propeller, a curved surface 11 connecting to the transom, i.e. with the bottom end 12 of the connection plate 4.
  • the curved surface 11 is shaped so as to gradually direct the propulsive flow of the propeller driven in a reverse motion, suitably orienting it in order to maximize its effectiveness at such a speed.
  • the projecting case is not an essential feature of the present invention, i.e. linked to the presence of the flap 100.
  • the system 1 comprises a shroud 20 positioned above the propeller 2 and connected, through a joint 21, to the projecting case 10.
  • Such a shroud 20 may be rotated about a substantially vertical axis 22.
  • the shroud 20 is basically constituted by a curved plate, shaped so as to envelop the region of the propeller 2 along a significant circular sector.
  • the shroud 20 is positioned so as to intercept the flow generated by the propeller and, thanks to the peculiar shape of the former, the flow is suitably directed to maximize its effectiveness.
  • a channel 23 extending longitudinally and having a cross-section whose area is decreasing, starting from the transom.
  • This shape effect is achieved by assuring that, along said direction of flow, the bottom surface 25 of the shroud 20 varies its position with respect to the axis of the propeller 2.
  • the shroud 20 extends vertically with a rudder blade 24, positioned so as to remain well-immersed.
  • the actuators e.g. wire-driven, hydraulic, etc.
  • the case 10 by being watertight, protects these actuators which accordingly do not need specific details.
  • shroud 20 is not an essential feature of the present invention, i.e. linked to the presence of the flap 100.
  • said means for varying the position of the propeller shaft is positioned below the projecting case, in a zone of the curved surface comprised between the shroud 20 and the bottom end 12 of the connection plate 4.
  • the projecting case 10 apart from housing the actuators of the shroud 20, will contain, shielding them from water, the actuators and the connections required to said means for positioning drive shaft.
  • the above-described flap 100 can be applied to a drive shaft of partially submerged propellers regardless the presence of a projecting case 10 overlapping the shaft itself, or with a projecting case having a shape different from that previously disclosed.
  • the projecting case 10 and the drive shaft can be even more elongated with respect to as they are shown in the figures.
  • This typology is suitable for particularly fast crafts, e.g. race crafts.
  • means for positioning the drive shaft can be present, located in a manner similar to that previously described.
  • the projecting case can be possibly modelled so as the bottom curved surface 11 of the case 10, in an area located at the propeller, is shaped so as to envelope the propeller, so as to operate as previously described with reference to the shroud 20 but remaining fixed, with the rudder released from it.
  • marine drive system 1 disclosed in connection with the above reported embodiment can be applied, with some variants and adjustments not depending upon the inventive core, to any watercraft, of either the displacing or semi-displacing type, or anyhow using partially submerged propellers.
  • a shorter projecting case 10 and drive shaft may be provided with respect to those depicted in the figures, and possibly without any means for positioning the shaft, as it will be suitable on slower or commercial watercrafts.
  • a further embodiment of a marine drive system is indicated as 1, wherein the same reference numerals indicates the same or analogous parts. It comprises a propeller 2 and a supporting structure 3 which in turn has a fastening plate 4, apt to be secured to the transom of a watercraft. Moreover, a stern tube 7 is provided to house the drive shaft between the fastening plate 4 and the propeller 2, similar to that of the preceding embodiment.
  • the tube 7 housing the drive shaft is linked to means for positioning the drive shaft, in the present embodiment of the kind having an active-type hydraulic cylinder 14, positioned below the projecting case 10 so as the drive shaft can be oriented on a vertical plane, achieving the adjustment of the propeller immersion.
  • the marine drive system 1 At the drive shaft, i.e. at the stern tube 7 thereof, the marine drive system 1 according to the present embodiment comprises a flap 100, substantially positioned between the transom, i.e. the fastening plate 4, and the propeller 2, so as to intercept and control the wake wave at every speed, and in particular when the wave tends to excessively submerge the propeller disc.
  • the flap 100 has a substantially convex shape, with the concavity facing the top side, so as to direct bottomwise a V-shaped camber.
  • the flap 100 is delta-shaped, with the apex directed toward the transom of the watercraft, and it comprises a longitudinal centre portion, corresponding to the drive shaft section between propeller 2 and fastening plate 4 and two half-flaps, directed so as to result in said top-open convexity.
  • the shape of the flap 100 can be modified just to adapt itself to peculiar design requirements concerning the watercraft manoeuvrability or the performances thereof.
  • the flap 100 can be positioned just above the drive shaft, i.e. above the tube thereof.
  • the projecting case 10 comprises, at the distal end thereof, i.e. directed astern, a rudder 24 controlled through tie rods 30 driven through the case 10.
  • the projecting case 10 even housing actuators of the rudder 24, will contain, shielding them from the water, the actuators and the connections required to said means for positioning the drive shaft.
  • a watercraft S is depicted as still, in a condition preceding the start.
  • transom T and the corresponding portion of hull H as well, are submerged. Accordingly, the propeller 2 and the related drive shaft are also substantially submerged.
  • the watercraft S is depicted in an intermediated or temporary phase, after the start, when the speed thereof has not reached the rated cruise or design speed yet.
  • the transom T is still at least partially submerged, while the propeller 2 has not reached the condition of partially submerged operation yet, i.e. with the immersion line corresponding to about the hub of the propeller 2.
  • a relative water flow is present, resulting from the travelling of the watercraft.
  • the flap 100 acts on said flow causing a lowering of the dynamic pressure of the flow at the propeller 2.
  • the propeller itself operates at a lower pressure, more similar to the normal working condition partially submerged, with a higher efficiency.
  • the flap 100 being totally or partially submerged, generates a lift with respect to the rotation centre C of the watercraft S, located substantially in the middle between stern and stem.
  • the distance between the flap 100 and said rotation centre, with the lift of the flap 100 results in a torque whose entity is relevant considering the width of the lever arm.
  • Such torque opposes the forces mainly acting at the stem and results in a rotation of the watercraft, i.e. a lowering of the stem P with respect to the buoyancy line.
  • this rotation has the effect of promoting the planing, decreasing the longitudinal trim angle and hence the resistance of the hull through the transition to the planing.
  • the wake wave generated by the watercraft and raising back near the propeller 2 at least when the watercraft moves at a speed lower than the rated one, is substantially deflected and lowered just at the propeller itself, improving the operation efficiency thereof.
  • the flap 100 may be raised in order to not interfere with the wake wave W.
  • the position of the flap 100 may be modified according to the load conditions of the watercraft, influencing the buoyancy line.
  • the watercraft is depicted moving at a rated cruise speed. It is planing with the propeller 2 operating partially submerged.
  • the wake wave W is located at a certain distance from the transom T, so as to not interfere with the propeller 2, and the flap 2 is in a position substantially corresponding to the propeller immersion line, without affecting the wake and even helping to maintain the transom and the propeller 2 in the correct configuration.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)
EP07425174A 2007-03-23 2007-03-23 Antriebssystem für einen teilweise tauchenden Propeller Pending EP1972543A1 (de)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP07425174A EP1972543A1 (de) 2007-03-23 2007-03-23 Antriebssystem für einen teilweise tauchenden Propeller
EP08718151.7A EP2137060B1 (de) 2007-03-23 2008-03-21 Antriebssystem für teilweise untergetauchten propeller
PCT/EP2008/053454 WO2008116855A1 (en) 2007-03-23 2008-03-21 Partially submerged propeller drive system

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP07425174A EP1972543A1 (de) 2007-03-23 2007-03-23 Antriebssystem für einen teilweise tauchenden Propeller

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1972543A1 true EP1972543A1 (de) 2008-09-24

Family

ID=38335762

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP07425174A Pending EP1972543A1 (de) 2007-03-23 2007-03-23 Antriebssystem für einen teilweise tauchenden Propeller
EP08718151.7A Not-in-force EP2137060B1 (de) 2007-03-23 2008-03-21 Antriebssystem für teilweise untergetauchten propeller

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP08718151.7A Not-in-force EP2137060B1 (de) 2007-03-23 2008-03-21 Antriebssystem für teilweise untergetauchten propeller

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (2) EP1972543A1 (de)
WO (1) WO2008116855A1 (de)

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1553160A (en) * 1924-09-25 1925-09-08 Hickman William Albert Boat
US3793980A (en) * 1971-12-30 1974-02-26 Hydrodynamic Dev Corp Marine propulsion system
WO1992006000A1 (en) 1990-10-03 1992-04-16 Renato Levi Limited Improvements in or relating to drive units for watercraft
US5290182A (en) * 1992-09-03 1994-03-01 Mondelop J Luis A Boat propelling assembly
WO1996040550A1 (en) 1995-06-07 1996-12-19 Arneson Howard M Marine outdrive with surface piercing propeller and stabilizing shroud

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT1184406B (it) 1985-04-09 1987-10-28 Rovermarine Srl Struttura combinata di trasmissione,propulsione ed orientamento,per motoscafi con motore entrobordo
US5931710A (en) * 1998-01-12 1999-08-03 Johnson, Sr.; Clyde Surface drive kit for marine craft
US6823812B2 (en) * 2001-05-25 2004-11-30 Von Wolske James P. Trim tabs and surface drive propeller bite control

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1553160A (en) * 1924-09-25 1925-09-08 Hickman William Albert Boat
US3793980A (en) * 1971-12-30 1974-02-26 Hydrodynamic Dev Corp Marine propulsion system
WO1992006000A1 (en) 1990-10-03 1992-04-16 Renato Levi Limited Improvements in or relating to drive units for watercraft
US5290182A (en) * 1992-09-03 1994-03-01 Mondelop J Luis A Boat propelling assembly
WO1996040550A1 (en) 1995-06-07 1996-12-19 Arneson Howard M Marine outdrive with surface piercing propeller and stabilizing shroud

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2137060B1 (de) 2013-11-06
EP2137060A1 (de) 2009-12-30
WO2008116855A1 (en) 2008-10-02

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