EP1970460B1 - Fonte destinée à la fabrication de composants pour dispositifs de frein à friction et procédé de fabrication de la fonte - Google Patents

Fonte destinée à la fabrication de composants pour dispositifs de frein à friction et procédé de fabrication de la fonte Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1970460B1
EP1970460B1 EP07103716A EP07103716A EP1970460B1 EP 1970460 B1 EP1970460 B1 EP 1970460B1 EP 07103716 A EP07103716 A EP 07103716A EP 07103716 A EP07103716 A EP 07103716A EP 1970460 B1 EP1970460 B1 EP 1970460B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
weight
iron
cast iron
cast
phosphorus
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP07103716A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1970460A1 (fr
Inventor
Udo Köcher
Uwe Herzig
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Eisenwerk Arnstadt GmbH
Original Assignee
Eisenwerk Arnstadt GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Eisenwerk Arnstadt GmbH filed Critical Eisenwerk Arnstadt GmbH
Priority to DK07103716T priority Critical patent/DK1970460T3/da
Priority to ES07103716T priority patent/ES2321664T3/es
Priority to PT07103716T priority patent/PT1970460E/pt
Priority to EP07103716A priority patent/EP1970460B1/fr
Priority to DE502007000405T priority patent/DE502007000405D1/de
Priority to AT07103716T priority patent/ATE421599T1/de
Publication of EP1970460A1 publication Critical patent/EP1970460A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1970460B1 publication Critical patent/EP1970460B1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D69/00—Friction linings; Attachment thereof; Selection of coacting friction substances or surfaces
    • F16D69/02—Composition of linings ; Methods of manufacturing
    • F16D69/027—Compositions based on metals or inorganic oxides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
    • C22C37/10—Cast-iron alloys containing aluminium or silicon

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a cast iron for the production of components for friction brake devices and to a method for producing the cast iron.
  • a correspondingly phosphorus-containing cast iron from which wear-resistant components for friction braking devices of rail vehicles can be produced is from the EP 0 277 931 B1 already known.
  • the cast iron having a Brinell hardness lower than 270 HB disclosed therein is said to comprise from 85% to 95% by weight of iron, 2% to 10% by weight of phosphorus, less than 6% of the total weight of carbon and silicon and less than 5% of the total weight of the metals manganese, cobalt, nickel, vanadium, tungsten and molybdenum.
  • the high phosphorus content in combination with the intended alloying elements is intended to ensure a good flowability of the melt, as required for dimensionally stable casting of the alloy.
  • the phosphorus In order to enable a uniform distribution of the phosphorus in the melt of the known casting alloy and a more accurate dosage of phosphorus, the phosphorus should be supplied as ferrophosphorus not the furnace, but only the melt in the ladle or a special mixing apparatus.
  • the sulfur content of the coke when using a cupola should be neutralized by an amount of manganese adapted to the sulfur content to avoid voids and other imperfections.
  • the known cast iron has a structure which, in addition to the pearlitic basic structure, has a sufficient proportion of ferrite with lamellar graphite.
  • the casting material is characterized by not too high hardness by high abrasion and wear resistance on the one hand and by good thermal conductivity and vibration damping properties on the other hand.
  • it is highly suitable for the production of castings, which are exposed to high thermal and mechanical stresses during operation, such as. B. friction materials of friction brakes is the case.
  • a disadvantage of the known cast iron is its relatively low breaking strength, which is due to the high phosphorus content of the material.
  • the context applies here that the casting material becomes more and more brittle with increasing phosphorus content, so that the elongation at break properties of the material are correspondingly worsened.
  • the wear resistance required for friction materials does not arise with a correspondingly good friction coefficient between the friction pair.
  • the production of the cast iron is relatively expensive, since the process for its production by the melting of the iron casting in the cupola downstream process steps is relatively cumbersome.
  • the lateral legs of this bridge are each Angled in its lower end and welded to the underside of the plate back with this. After pouring the steel sheet back thus these sheet metal tongues, the angled metal tabs of the end portions and also the leg ends of the bridge are firmly anchored in the cast iron material. Since the liquid iron casting must penetrate the various openings provided for anchoring in the sheet back, it is difficult to make the casting on the bridge having the rear side dimensionally stable, so that at least the back of the sheet back must be intensively reworked after the casting process. Also, the technical complexity for the production of the sheet back is considerable despite its integral training, especially since the cast brake shoe must be interspersed over its entire thickness of the angled sheet metal tabs. Thus, although the use of iron casting with a high phosphorus content may be given the desired breakage protection, but the casting is generally expensive to manufacture.
  • a brake shoe for friction brakes of rail vehicles as he from the EP 0 026 578 A1 is known.
  • the by far lined cast blocks of the brake shoe together form its brake pad and should have a phosphorus content of more than 5 wt .-% to achieve the desired properties.
  • the steel backing and the protruding steel reinforcements of the segmented brake shoe must be designed structurally very rigid in order to reliably prevent tilting of the ingots under the forces acting on their friction side forces during braking. Such tilting would undesirably lead to increased wear of the brake pad and increased corrugation on the tread of the applied wheel.
  • ABBASI ET AL Mat. Sci. and Engineering is a gray iron described for the production of brake pads, which has a high content of phosphorus as well as levels of carbon, silicon and manganese.
  • the structure consists of lamellar graphite and has a matrix of steadite and perlite.
  • the disadvantage here is a low breakage stability.
  • a brake pad back with high strength -. B. from steel or nodular cast iron - vorzug tellen, insert this in the mold and pour the phosphorus-containing iron casting of the brake shoe.
  • the constructive possible thickness of the brake pad can be significantly reduced at given installation conditions, since the provided with the brake shoe pad backing must be relatively thick as cast steel or nodular cast iron.
  • steel or ductile iron do not have a comparatively advantageous elongation at break, as z. B. in conventional wrought alloys of sheet steel as a breakage is the case.
  • the two-pass casting process is time-consuming and correspondingly expensive.
  • This sheet steel part also includes a bow-shaped bridge over which the brake shoe is mounted in its installed position centrally on its brake head, which is moved when initiating the braking on the rolling circumference of the wheel to be braked.
  • a flat iron is fixed, which is bent in accordance with the sheet back and on which a plurality of layers of metal sheets of expanded metal are mounted by welding.
  • the flat iron and the metal grid extend almost over the entire circumferential length of the brake shoe and the sheet metal grid over the vast majority of the same.
  • the invention is based on the object to provide a cast iron with a relatively high phosphorus content for the production of components for friction brake devices , in which the risk of breakage despite a high phosphorus content is so low that even mechanically and thermally highly stressed components can be produced without additional reinforcing agent.
  • the Steadit consists of a filigree network of ternary phosphide eutectic with a low melting temperature of about 950 degrees Celsius and increases the wear resistance of the casting in the desired manner.
  • the excess carbon deposits - especially in the transition region to the steady state - as a compact but not yet spherical lamellar graphite in the overall fine-grained structure, whereby improved thermal conductivity and vibration damping of the casting is achieved.
  • the amount of free graphite results from the approximately 2% excess weight of carbon.
  • the incorporation of the carbon surplus as lamellar graphite also ensures that the specified hardness of the material is maintained. Due to the improved damping behavior, there is also an improved elongation at break behavior of the material itself.
  • the chemical elements copper and / or vanadium and / or cerium and / or rare earth minerals or cerium mischmetal may be added to the base alloy in relatively small amounts.
  • Particularly suitable addition agents have been found to be systems of copper and / or vanadium and of cerium and rare earth minerals.
  • the copper content in the cast iron obtained by alloying should be between 0.40% by weight and 1.20% by weight and the vanadium content achieved by alloying should be between 0.05% by weight and 0.20% by weight.
  • the amount of the admissible substance or the admissible substances should be chosen as far as possible so that the specified weight fractions are not exceeded. So the base melt z. B. due to miterschmolemem scrap not exactly known composition certainly already contain small amounts of vanadium or copper.
  • cerium and rare earth minerals which is to be added to the base iron in a proportion of 0.10 wt .-% to 0.40 wt .-%.
  • the vanadium / copper system uses a base iron of up to 0.20% by weight of sulfur, while the cerium / rare earth minerals system requires a low sulfur base iron containing up to 0.05% by weight of sulfur.
  • the use of an electrically heatable melting furnace may also be more expedient than the use of a cupola because of the more precisely calculable sulfur content of the melt.
  • phosphorus is to be added to the melting furnace during the melting of the cast material, and a manganese excess of 0.25% by weight to 0.55% by weight is used to neutralize the sulfur. % can be set.
  • ferrophosphor ensures that the proposed phosphorus content of 2.0 wt .-% to 3.5 wt .-% is reliably maintained in the base iron.
  • the difference between the amounts of phosphorus is found in the slag of the cast iron.
  • the set manganese excess ensures that the structure of the structure is not impaired by the presence of unbound sulfur or sulfur sulphides.
  • a treatment with inoculating agent or inoculating agents is provided to promote nucleation in the melt.
  • the inoculating agent is already added to the melt in the melting furnace when the cast iron has melted. The already required thorough mixing of the melt in the furnace during alloying of the other alloying constituents to the base melt can then be used for intensive mixing of the inoculating agent.
  • the vaccination treatments are provided with commercially available inoculants such as silicon carbide and / or CaBaSi.
  • inoculants such as silicon carbide and / or CaBaSi.
  • the number and intensity of seed treatments required to promote the formation of nucleation nuclei in the melt depends on both the alloy and the boundary conditions of the casting process. Therefore, much experience is required for metal-melts, especially since the cooling rate of the casting itself and thus its volume-to-surface ratio are of great importance for crystal formation.
  • the cast iron according to the invention makes it possible, in particular, to produce brake pads of friction brakes for rail vehicles that are subject to high thermal and mechanical stress.
  • the life of brake pads or brake shoes of friction brakes for rail vehicles, which are provided with such brake pads, is about twice as high as the life of conventional used in Germany brake pads of rail vehicles.
  • the wear of the cooperating with the brake shoe wheel does not increase contrary to expectations, but remains the same or even decreases slightly.
  • Another advantage of the brake shoes made of cast iron can be seen in the improved coefficient of friction between the brake pad and tread on the wheel circumference, which leads to a shortened braking distance of the vehicle, especially at low speeds of the rail vehicle.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)
  • Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)

Claims (2)

  1. Fonte pour la fabrication de pièces pour des dispositifs de freinage à friction, dont le fer de base contient moins de 10 % en poids de phosphore, moins de 6 % du poids total en carbone et silicium et moins de 5 % du poids total en autres alliages métalliques, le soufre contenu dans la coulée étant neutralisé par du manganèse et la fonte présentant une dureté Brinell maximale de 275 HB,
    caractérisée en ce que
    le fer de base a la composition suivante, comprise dans la plage eutectique, sauf le fer : C 2,6 à 3,4% en poids Si 1,2 à 2,6 % en poids P 2,0 à 3,5 % en poids Mn < 0,9 % en poids S < 0,2 % en poids
    en ce qu'au moins 0,40 % à 1,20 % en poids de cuivre et/ou 0,05 % à 0,20 % en poids de vanadium sont alliés au fer de base pour assurer le respect de la dureté pour une formation proportionnelle de perlite et de ferrite avec un excédent de graphite lamellaire, et pour former une part élevée de steadite à basse température de fusion dans la structure de solidification, et en ce que 0,10 % à 0,40 % en poids de Cer et/ou de minéraux de terres précieuses sont alliés au fer de base, le fer de base de la fonte pour l'alliage de Cer et/ou de minéraux de terres précieuses présentant une teneur maximale en soufre de 0,05 % en poids.
  2. Procédé de production de fonte selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que jusqu'à 4 % en poids de phosphore sont déjà ajoutés dans le four de fusion pour l'élaboration de la fonte, et en ce qu'un excédent de manganèse est défini entre 0,25 % et 0,55 % en poids pour la neutralisation du soufre, un traitement par agent inoculant ajouté au bain dans le four de fusion étant prévu pour favoriser la nucléation dans la coulée, les traitements inoculants étant réalisés avec du carbure de silicium et/ou un agent inoculant usuel pour poche de coulée (CaBaSi), ou de 0,05 % à 0,40 % en poids de l'agent inoculant pour poche de coulée étant ajoutés à la coulée lors de l'alliage de Cer et/ou de minéraux de terres précieuses.
EP07103716A 2007-03-07 2007-03-07 Fonte destinée à la fabrication de composants pour dispositifs de frein à friction et procédé de fabrication de la fonte Active EP1970460B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DK07103716T DK1970460T3 (da) 2007-03-07 2007-03-07 Stöbejern til fremstilling af komponenter til friktionenter til friktionsbremsende indretninger og fremgangsmåde til fremstilling af stöbejern
ES07103716T ES2321664T3 (es) 2007-03-07 2007-03-07 Hierro colado para la produccion de piezas componentes para dispositivos de frenos de friccion y procedimiento para la produccion del hierro colado.
PT07103716T PT1970460E (pt) 2007-03-07 2007-03-07 Ferro fundido para a fabricação de componentes para dispositivos de travagem por fricção e processo para a produção do ferro fundido.
EP07103716A EP1970460B1 (fr) 2007-03-07 2007-03-07 Fonte destinée à la fabrication de composants pour dispositifs de frein à friction et procédé de fabrication de la fonte
DE502007000405T DE502007000405D1 (de) 2007-03-07 2007-03-07 Gusseisen zur Herstellung von Bauteilen für Reibungsbremsvorrichtungen und Verfahren zur Herstellung des Gusseisens
AT07103716T ATE421599T1 (de) 2007-03-07 2007-03-07 Gusseisen zur herstellung von bauteilen für reibungsbremsvorrichtungen und verfahren zur herstellung des gusseisens

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP07103716A EP1970460B1 (fr) 2007-03-07 2007-03-07 Fonte destinée à la fabrication de composants pour dispositifs de frein à friction et procédé de fabrication de la fonte

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1970460A1 EP1970460A1 (fr) 2008-09-17
EP1970460B1 true EP1970460B1 (fr) 2009-01-21

Family

ID=38235119

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP07103716A Active EP1970460B1 (fr) 2007-03-07 2007-03-07 Fonte destinée à la fabrication de composants pour dispositifs de frein à friction et procédé de fabrication de la fonte

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1970460B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE421599T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE502007000405D1 (fr)
DK (1) DK1970460T3 (fr)
ES (1) ES2321664T3 (fr)
PT (1) PT1970460E (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106011610A (zh) * 2016-07-29 2016-10-12 西峡县内燃机进排气管有限责任公司 一种高强度球墨铸铁qt900-6及其制备方法

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1981001861A1 (fr) * 1979-12-19 1981-07-09 Foseco Int Production de fonte a graphite vermiculaire
BE1000292A3 (fr) * 1987-02-05 1988-10-11 Piret B Atel Fond Sa Fonte a haute teneur en phosphore resistant a l'usure.
JPS63286552A (ja) * 1987-02-24 1988-11-24 Uedasa Chuzosho:Kk 車両用高燐鋳鉄制輪子
JPH06287676A (ja) * 1993-03-31 1994-10-11 East Japan Railway Co 高速気動車用制輪子

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106011610A (zh) * 2016-07-29 2016-10-12 西峡县内燃机进排气管有限责任公司 一种高强度球墨铸铁qt900-6及其制备方法
CN106011610B (zh) * 2016-07-29 2017-12-22 西峡县内燃机进排气管有限责任公司 一种高强度球墨铸铁qt900‑6及其制备方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE502007000405D1 (de) 2009-03-12
DK1970460T3 (da) 2009-05-04
ATE421599T1 (de) 2009-02-15
EP1970460A1 (fr) 2008-09-17
PT1970460E (pt) 2009-04-07
ES2321664T3 (es) 2009-06-09

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