EP1964425A1 - Detection de zone morte descendante - Google Patents
Detection de zone morte descendanteInfo
- Publication number
- EP1964425A1 EP1964425A1 EP06842072A EP06842072A EP1964425A1 EP 1964425 A1 EP1964425 A1 EP 1964425A1 EP 06842072 A EP06842072 A EP 06842072A EP 06842072 A EP06842072 A EP 06842072A EP 1964425 A1 EP1964425 A1 EP 1964425A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- mobile
- power
- base station
- detection
- adjacent
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W16/00—Network planning, e.g. coverage or traffic planning tools; Network deployment, e.g. resource partitioning or cells structures
- H04W16/18—Network planning tools
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
- H04W24/10—Scheduling measurement reports ; Arrangements for measurement reports
Definitions
- the present invention relates to dead zone detection in a CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access) digital cellular radio communication network. More particularly, the dead zone to be detected is a dead zone called "dead zone down" relating to an active link down between a base station and a mobile.
- CDMA Code Division Multiple Access
- the operators of radiocommunication networks seek to maximize the number of user mobile radio terminals, called “mobile”, that can be served by a given network and for a given quality, this quality being variable depending on the users.
- Dead zones occur in a CDMA-type cellular radio network by reducing radio coverage of one or more cells in the network.
- the dead zone phenomenon occurs when a mobile maintains communication with a given base station in a given frequency band and is in the coverage area of another base station that uses a frequency band adjacent to the base station. given frequency band and which is called "neighboring base station".
- the neighboring base station creates on the downlink active link between the given base station and the mobile an adjacent band interference power all the greater that the mobile is close to the neighboring base station.
- the interference power can cause a communication break between the mobile and the base station given.
- a downlink dead zone relative to the given base station defines a geographical area where the reception quality of the communication with the base station given by the mobile is no longer guaranteed.
- the dead zone phenomenon is partly due to imperfections of f implementation of transmitters and receivers included in mobile and base stations. Different attenuation parameters have been specified by the 3GPP standardization body and improved by mobile manufacturers to combat adjacent band interference and hence the dead band phenomenon. However, compliance with the specified mitigation settings does not eliminate the dead zone phenomena that will remain until all mobile manufacturers have improved implementation imperfections and mobile mitigation performance. Accurate planning of network capacity and efficient management of different network coverage areas require knowledge of different downlink dead zones in the network. Currently, dead zones can be detected by locating a mobile between first and second base stations by downlink signal attenuation measurements between the first base station and the mobile on the one hand, and between the second station basic and mobile, on the other hand.
- This detection requires precise knowledge in real time of different measurements and quality criteria that are not always accessible to the network concerned by a dead zone. Moreover, when the two base stations neighboring neighbor generating a dead zone are respectively included in networks dependent on different operators, this detection also requires an exchange of sometimes confidential information, such as pilot channel transmission powers and spreading codes.
- An object of the invention is to detect dead zones relating to a base station of a CDMA type network on which there are mobiles having an active downlink with the base station, using existing radio measurements.
- the network defined within the framework of the 3GPP standardization body and not requiring cooperation between the network and another network, in order to improve network coverage and performance.
- a method for detecting a downlink dead zone relating to a base station having a downlink active link with a mobile according to a frequency band allocated to the mobile in a CDMA type cellular radio network is characterized in that it comprises the steps of: measuring in the mobile an adjacent power representative of the total power received in the band adjacent to the frequency band allocated to the mobile, transmitting the adjacent power measured from the mobile to a detection device which is connected to the transmission network; radiocommunication, determining in the detection device at least one detection parameter as a function of the ratio of the adjacent power measured on a predetermined attenuation parameter, comparing in the detection device the detection parameter determined at a predetermined threshold, and if the detection parameter is greater than the predetermined threshold, detecting the descending dead zone relative to the base station.
- the detection of the dead zone uses only standard measurements that are accessible by the network. Therefore, a dead zone can be detected regardless of the base station at the origin of the dead zone, the base station can be attached to the network or to another network. Standard measurements are done partly in mobiles, which can be user or test mobiles.
- the detection device When sufficient measurements have been analyzed in the detection device to detect dead zones, statistics can be established on the presence of dead zones in the coverage areas of the network and taken into account to modify an allocation planning. carriers or a handover algorithm of a mobile from one cell to another cell of the network. Moreover, the detection of the dead zone is advantageously implemented in network equipment in order to act in real time on a dead zone phenomenon, for example by modifying the directivity or the transmission power of the antenna of a station basic.
- the invention also relates to a device for detecting a downlink dead zone relating to a base station having a downlink active link with a mobile in a frequency band allocated to the mobile in a CDMA type cellular radio network.
- the device is characterized in that it comprises:
- the detection device is for example constituted by a network equipment exploiting the measurements made in the network, for example by being connected to terrestrial interfaces between base station controllers and network base stations, or included in a center. maintenance connected to base station controllers of the network.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a dead-zone detection system according to the invention
- FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram of a variant of the dead zone detection system
- FIG. 3 is an algorithm of the descending dead zone detection method according to variants of the invention.
- FIG. 1 shows the main functional means included in a downlink dead zone detection system for implementing the method of the invention in a CDMA code division multiple access digital radiocommunication network RR.
- the RR cellular digital radio network is of the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) type, or IS-95 ("Standard Interim 95" in English) in the United States.
- the down dead zone detection system includes a detection device DD which includes a power receiving module MRP, a power analysis module MAP and a dead zone detection module MDZ.
- the detection device DD is included in the fixed part of the cellular radiocommunication network RR. It is connected to at least one terrestrial interface Iub between one or more controllers of the RNC cellular network ("Radio Network Controller" in English) and base stations served by these controllers, such as a given SB base station shown in Figure 1.
- the detection device DD recovers power and attenuations specified ci afterwards, transmitted for example cyclically in signaling channels by mobiles having active links with the base stations served.
- the detection device DD is connected to a maintenance center OMC ("Operation and Maintenance Center" in English) or at least one signaling capture platform of the RR radio network. , so as to exploit powers measured by the base stations of the network and by mobiles. Measurements made by mobiles and base stations are reported to the OMC maintenance center through the RNC base station controllers in the RR network. The operator of the RR network thus finely monitors in the detection device DD any detection of the dead zone so as to optimize in real time and / or subsequently the coverage of the base stations of the network.
- OMC Operaation and Maintenance Center
- the detection system periodically detects descending dead areas relating to SB base stations in the RR network. Since the downlink dead zone detection is identical for all the base stations of the RR network, the method according to the invention is described in detail hereinafter for detecting a downlink dead zone relating to the given base station SB when the latter has a downlink active link with a mobile user terminal TM in the RR network.
- the mobile terminal TM is a mobile cellular radio terminal.
- the mobile terminal TM is a PDA communicating personal digital assistant, or a communicating laptop, or a smart phone ("SmartPhone" in English), able to communicate with the radio network.
- the mobile terminal is adapted to the type of network RR, for example broadband type FDD W-CDMA ("Frequency Division Duplex Wideband-CDMA" in English) according to the third generation (3GPP) networks type UMTS. Subsequently, the mobile terminal is called more simply "mobile” TM.
- broadband type FDD W-CDMA Frequency Division Duplex Wideband-CDMA
- 3GPP Third Generation Partnership Project
- the dead zone phenomenon is partly due to imperfections f implementation of transmitters and receivers included in mobile and base stations.
- any transmitter is not ideally linear, mainly because of linearity defects in amplification stages in the transmitter.
- the power of the signals emitted by the transmitter is concentrated in a frequency band allocated to the transmitter and partly spread over frequency bands adjacent to the allocated frequency band. Therefore, a portion of the power to be transmitted by the mobile TM over a frequency band allocated to the mobile may be received by the base station SB as an interference power on the frequency bands adjacent to the allocated frequency band.
- These power leaks to adjacent bands are limited by an attenuation parameter equal to the Adjacent Channel Leakage Ratio (ACLR).
- Any receiver does not include an ideally selective receive filter, that is, it receives power relative to signals transmitted in a frequency band allocated to the transmitter but also receives power relative to signals transmitted in frequency bands adjacent to the frequency band allocated to the transmitter. This reception fault is limited by an attenuation parameter equal to the ACS adjacent channel selectivity
- the ACS parameter defines the minimum allowable attenuation between the payload received in an allocated frequency band and the power received in adjacent frequency bands.
- Adjacent Carrier Interference Ratio (ACIRD) interference ratio limits the combined effect of adjacent transmit and receive power leaks for a downlink active link between the given base station SB and the mobile TM according to the following relation:
- ACIR 0 ACLR SB ACS TM ACIR 0 ACLR SB ACS TM
- the interference ratio on the adjacent ACIRD carrier is an attenuation parameter which represents the rejection of the adjacent band interference by the mobile.
- the ACIRD interference ratio has a value corresponding approximately to the average of the values. Interference report used by RR network mobiles.
- the given base station SB is located in the vicinity of another neighboring base station SBV.
- the base station SBV is said to be adjacent to the given base station SB when the neighboring base station SBV is located in a predetermined radius around the given base station, and the neighboring base station SBV receives an interference power of a mobile located under the coverage of the given base station SB such that the CIR signal ratio ("Carrier-to-Interference Ratio" in English) in the neighboring base station is greater than a predetermined minimum interference signal ratio .
- the number of neighboring base stations thus varies from one base station to another depending on the topography of the terrain surrounding the given base station SB and can be of the order of 2 to a few tens.
- the neighboring base station SBV can be attached to the RR network or to another cellular radio network.
- the dead zone phenomenon occurs in the vicinity of one of two neighboring base stations and uses adjacent frequency bands, respectively, causing adjacent band interference.
- a mobile TMi and a mobile TM 2 are respectively in communication with the given base station SB and the neighboring base station SBV.
- the base station SB has an active down link with the mobile TMi, the latter receives an adjacent band IAD interference power according to the following relation:
- IAD P SBV ⁇ ⁇ _ t _ CL TM1 SBV CARI 0
- PSBV is the transmission power of the neighboring base station SBV
- CLTMI SBV is the total attenuation experienced by a signal in the propagation channel between the neighboring base station SBV and the mobile TMi.
- This interference power deteriorates the coverage of the base station SB on the mobiles close to the neighboring base station SBV, such as the mobile TMi, in a ZMD downward dead zone which is indicated by a full gray ellipse in FIG. Indeed, when the mobile TMi is sufficiently close to the neighboring base station SBV, the total attenuation CLTMI SBV is low and the adjacent interference power IAD received by the mobile TMi degrades the reception by the latter of signals transmitted by the base station SB. Similarly, when the mobile TM 2 has an active uplink link with the neighboring base station SBV, it receives an adjacent band interference power due to the presence of mobiles served by another base station, such as the mobile TMi served by the given base station SB.
- the mobile TMi when the mobile TMi is away from the base station SB, it emits more power to remain in communication with the latter and generates power leaks to the adjacent band used by the neighboring base station SBV.
- This interference power causes an increase in the level of noise in the receiver of the neighboring base station SBV which can no longer provide communications with mobiles, such as the mobile TM 2 , located at the edge of coverage in a rising dead zone.
- ZMM which is indicated by a gray ellipsoidal ring in FIG.
- the downlink dead zone phenomenon has a higher probability of occurrence than the rising deadzone phenomenon since base stations have manufacturing and implementation constraints that offer better transmission and reception performance than mobile ones.
- the dead zone phenomenon generally occurs around a base station covering a microcell in the vicinity of another base station covering a macrocell since the latter can cover several microcells.
- the dead zone detection method according to a preferred embodiment of the invention comprises steps E1 to E7.
- constants are stored in the detection device DD.
- One of the constants is the interference ratio on the adjacent carrier ACIRD.
- another constant is an orthogonality factor OC estimated by simulation and between 0 and 1; the factor ⁇ is equal to 1 if there is no orthogonality between down channel codes from the base station SB, and is equal to 0 if their orthogonality is perfect.
- Another constant may be a simulation-estimated target threshold (C / I) c used in the power control between the C-bit energy in a traffic channel received by the mobile and the interference power spectral density I , for one of several services provided with different rates in the RR network, such as telephony (voice), the transmission of short SMS messages ("Short Message Service” in English) and the transmission of multimedia messages MMS (" Multimedia Messaging Service ".
- the target threshold defined for a given service is a target quality threshold that the received signal to noise ratio of the mobile device must reach, the target threshold being a lower limit below which the mobile TM no longer receives sufficient power from the station.
- base SB to suitably process a signal transmitted by the base station SB.
- a network parameter is a maximum transmission power P SB of the base station SB.
- the constants and network parameters are accessible by any equipment of the RR network, such as the SB base station, the RNC cellular network controller or the OMC service center.
- a power estimation software application included in the mobile TM measures an adjacent power PA representative of the total power received by the mobile in band adjacent to the frequency band allocated to the mobile.
- the mobile device TM also measures a received power of the pilot channel PCPR representing a power received by the mobile of a pilot channel of the base station SB.
- the mobile TM measures, in addition to the adjacent power PA and the received power of the pilot channel PCPR, a useful interference power PU representative of a total interference power received in the frequency band allocated to the mobile.
- the mobile transmits the measured adjacent power PA to the power receiving module MRP of the detection device DD which stores it, via the base station SB and the interface Iub.
- the mobile further transmits the measured pilot channel power received PCPR, or the latter and the measured useful interference power PU MRP power reception module of the detecting device DD which stores them.
- step E4 which can be executed in parallel with steps E2 and E3 or before them, the base station SB transmits to the power reception module MRP of the detection device DD the value of a power allocated PCPA by the network operator to the pilot channel of the base station SB and the value a total PSB transmit power of the base station SB.
- the base station SB transmits to the detection device DD the value of a transmission power PQT of the traffic channel for the downlink allocated by the base station SB to the mobile unit TM.
- These power values are transmitted to the detection device DD via the interface Iub during establishment or during a communication between the base station SB and the mobile TM and are stored in the power receiving module MRP.
- step E5 the power analysis module MAP of the detection device DD retrieves the measurements and power values stored in the power reception module MRP and determines a first detection parameter PR1 dependent on the ratio of the adjacent power. measured PA on a predetermined attenuation parameter such as the interference ratio on the adjacent carrier
- the first detection parameter PR1 corresponds to the adjacent band IAD interference power received in the mobile that is equal to the ratio of the adjacent power measured on the predetermined attenuation parameter:
- the interference power IAD received by the mobile located in a dead-down zone is much greater than the interference power IAD received by the mobile located outside a dead zone downstream since the total power received by the mobile in band adjacent to the frequency band allocated to the mobile increases significantly when the mobile is located near another base station using a frequency band adjacent to that allocated to the mobile.
- the second detection parameter PR2 corresponds to an increase in power allocated by the base station to the traffic channel with the mobile.
- the total ITM interference power received by the mobile TM having a downlink active link with the given base station SB without adjacent band interference is according to the following relation (1) the sum:
- intercellular interference powers the sum of which is indicated by Iinter r, which are due to active downlinks from stations near the base station SB and which may disturb and therefore interfere with the downlink active link between the base station SB and the mobile TM;
- intracellular interference powers whose sum is designated by Iintra and which are due to the other active downlinks since the base station SB with other mobiles than the mobile TM, linearly dependent on the orthogonality factor OC;
- PSB is the total transmit power of the base station SB
- V is the mobile activity factor TM less than or equal to 1;
- PCT is the transmit power of the base station SB for the traffic channel allocated to the mobile TM without adjacent band interference
- CL is an attenuation greater than 1, equal to the PCPA / PCPR ratio of the PCPA transmission power allocated to the pilot channel of the base station SB on the PCPR pilot channel power received by the mobile TM.
- the attenuation CL is determined by a power estimation software application included in the mobile TM.
- the interference signal ratio CIR that is to say the ratio of the power (Pc ⁇ / CL) received by the mobile TM on the power ITM interference received by the mobile TM is equal to the target interference signal ratio (C / I) c such that:
- the total interference power I 'TM received by the mobile TM having a downlink active link with the adjacent band interference base station SB is the sum of the total interference power ITM without adjacent band interference and Adjacent band interference power IAD '•
- I ' TM I inter + ⁇ X I'intra + N t h + ⁇ D ⁇ 5)
- P'CT is the transmission power of the station of SB base for the traffic channel allocated to the mobile TM with adjacent band interference expressed as follows:
- the transmitting power PQT without adjacent band interference becomes:
- the relative power increase allocated by the base station to the traffic channel with the mobile results in the ratio of the difference between the transmit power P'CT with band interference. adjacent and the transmit power PQT without adjacent band interference on the maximum transmit power P SB of the base station SB according to the following relation deduced from the relations (8) and (9):
- the second detection parameter PR2 corresponding to said allocated power increase is then defined according to the following relation:
- the maximum transmission power of the base station P SB and the target threshold (C / I) c are significant physical quantities that can be exploited by the RR network.
- the value of the second detection parameter PR2 is a percentage of the maximum transmission power P SB of the base station SB representing the additional power allocated by the base station to the traffic channel with the mobile when the mobile receives power from the base station. adjacent band interference.
- the second detection parameter PR2 is more accurate than the first detection parameter PR1 since it takes into account the measured attenuation CL which is related to long-term fading depending on the distance separating the mobile TM from the base station SB.
- the power analysis module MAP determines a third detection parameter PR3 as a function of the ratio of the measured adjacent power PA to the interference ratio on the adjacent carrier ACIRD, of the useful interference power PU measured and transmitted by the mobile to the detection device DD, the transmission power PQT of the traffic channel for the downlink allocated by the base station to the mobile, and the total power of the base station PSB-
- the third detection parameter PR3 corresponds to an increase in the total interference power received by the mobile terminal.
- CL is an attenuation equal to the ratio of the transmit power PCPA of the given base station SB for the pilot channel on the power of
- PCPR radio field received by the mobile TM for the pilot channel and P QT is the transmission power of the traffic channel for the downlink allocated by the given base station SB to the mobile with adjacent band interference.
- the useful interference power PU representative of the total interference power received in the frequency band allocated to the mobile unit that can be written as:
- i TM ( ⁇ - 1) x - ⁇ - - ⁇ x - ⁇ - + PU ⁇ - (12)
- interference power received by the mobile terminal is then defined by the previous total interference power ratio:
- the value of the third detection parameter PR3 represents the relative increase of the total interference power received by the mobile terminal with respect to the total interference power received between a mobile position where the latter does not receive any band interference. adjacent and a position of the mobile where it receives interference in adjacent band.
- the third detection parameter PR3 is also more accurate than the first detection parameter PR1 since it takes into account the intercellular and intracellular interference powers related to the total interference power I 'TM with adjacent band interference, in particular by via the total interference power received in the frequency band allocated to the mobile.
- the mobile is not located in a dead-down zone.
- step E6 the zone detection module MDZ compares at least one of the detection parameters PR1, PR2, PR3, with a respective predetermined threshold SP1, SP2, SP3.
- the first detection parameter PR1 is compared with a first predetermined threshold SP1.
- the second detection parameter PR2 is compared with a second predetermined threshold SP2 having for example approximately “10%” or “20%” value.
- the third detection parameter PR3 is compared with a third predetermined threshold SP3 having, for example, approximately "1.2" or "1.3".
- the dead zone detection module MDZ detects a dead zone ZMD relative to the base station SB if the detection parameter PR1, PR2, PR3 is greater than the respective predetermined threshold SP1, SP2, SP3.
- the mobile TM is positioned at several points and the detection device DD determines the detection parameter or parameters for these points in order to approximately locate and circumscribe the dead zone.
- the ZMD downward dead zone is detected as a function of at least two of the three detection parameters PR1, PR2 and PR3.
- the ZMD downward dead zone is detected when the second and third detection parameters PR2 and PR3 are respectively greater than the predetermined thresholds SP2 and SP3.
- the detection device DD can control the given base station SB so that it modifies parameters of its antenna such as the directivity or the transmission power of the antenna.
- the various power measurements can be cyclically transmitted and analyzed in the detection device DD in order to establish statistics for example on the size and shape of dead zones detected or probabilities so that mobiles are located on an area descending death.
- the descending dead zone detection method can be included for example in an algorithm for transferring a mobile from one cell to another cell of the network.
- the invention described herein relates to a method and a device for detecting a downlink ZMD relative to a base station having a downlink active link with a mobile in a frequency band allocated to the mobile in a CDMA type cellular radio network.
- the steps of the method of the invention are determined by the instructions of a computer program incorporated in a device such as the detection device DD.
- the program comprises program instructions which, when said program is loaded and executed in the device whose operation is then controlled by the execution of the program, carry out the steps of the method according to the invention.
- the invention also applies to a computer program, in particular a computer program on or in an information recording medium, adapted to implement the invention.
- This program can use any programming language, and be in the form of source code, object code, or intermediate code between source code and object code such as in a partially compiled form, or in any other form desirable to implement the method according to the invention.
- the information recording medium may be any entity or device capable of storing the program.
- the medium may include storage or support means on which the computer program according to the invention is stored, such as a ROM, for example a CD ROM or a microelectronic circuit ROM, or a USB key, or a magnetic recording means, by example a floppy disk or a hard disk.
- the information recording medium may be a transmissible medium such as an electrical or optical signal, which may be conveyed via an electrical or optical cable, by radio or by other means.
- the program according to the invention can in particular be downloaded to an Internet type network.
- the information carrier may be an integrated circuit in which the program is incorporated, the circuit being adapted to execute or to be used in carrying out the method according to the invention.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR0553934 | 2005-12-19 | ||
| PCT/FR2006/051261 WO2007071864A1 (fr) | 2005-12-19 | 2006-11-30 | Detection de zone morte descendante |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1964425A1 true EP1964425A1 (fr) | 2008-09-03 |
Family
ID=36954599
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP06842072A Withdrawn EP1964425A1 (fr) | 2005-12-19 | 2006-11-30 | Detection de zone morte descendante |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1964425A1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2007071864A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102202332B (zh) * | 2011-06-09 | 2013-11-20 | 中国普天信息产业股份有限公司 | 一种基站维护系统 |
| CN114046794B (zh) * | 2021-09-27 | 2024-01-26 | 高德软件有限公司 | 路线规划方法、装置、导航方法及计算机可读存储介质 |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5551064A (en) * | 1994-07-27 | 1996-08-27 | Motorola, Inc. | Method and apparatus for communication unit frequency assignment |
| FR2847110A1 (fr) | 2002-11-08 | 2004-05-14 | Melco Mobile Comm Europ | Procede de reduction de zones mortes dans un systeme umts, systeme de telecommunication mobile et station mobile correspondants |
-
2006
- 2006-11-30 WO PCT/FR2006/051261 patent/WO2007071864A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2006-11-30 EP EP06842072A patent/EP1964425A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2007071864A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2007071864A1 (fr) | 2007-06-28 |
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