EP1957832A1

EP1957832A1 - Drive for use in a motor vehicle

Info

Publication number: EP1957832A1
Application number: EP06793889A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Aram Akopian; Matthias Benkert; Benjamin Obst; Stephan Ullrich
Original assignee: Continental Automotive GmbH
Current assignee: Brose Fahrzeugteile SE and Co KG
Priority date: 2005-11-25
Filing date: 2006-09-28
Publication date: 2008-08-20
Also published as: WO2007060053A1; JP2009517603A; CN101365895A; KR20080071196A; US20090015088A1

Abstract

In order to find a simple and robust drive solution with a low installation space requirement, the invention proposes a drive (1) for use in a motor vehicle, having a motor (2), having at least two drive output shafts (16, 16'; 31, 31') for moving drive output pinions (9, 9'), and having a transmission, which is arranged between the motor (2) and the drive output shafts (16, 16'; 31, 31'), for selectively transmitting the drive input movement of the motor (2) to the drive output pinions (9, 9'), wherein the transmission has a number of switchable clutches (11, 11', 14, 14'; 32, 32', 34, 34') and at least one switching element (23) for simultaneously changing the transmission capacity of one or more clutches (11, 11', 14, 14'; 32, 32', 34, 34').

Description

description

Drive for use in a motor vehicle

The invention relates to a drive for use in a motor vehicle, in particular for a sliding roof arrangement.

In sunroof arrangements, it is often necessary to move multiple movable elements independently of each other. For example, it may be necessary to have a glass lid and a sun blind or two separate glass ^covers . Usually, in the solutions known from the prior art, a separate motor is used for each of these movements, usually in the form of an electric motor. This has in addition to a high space requirement, the further disadvantage of high material and manufacturing costs. At the same time increases with each required component, the weight of the drive in the vehicle.

An object of the present invention is therefore to find a simple and robust drive solution for such arrangements with a low space requirement.

This object is achieved by a drive according to claim 1.

Thereafter, a drive is provided with a motor, with at least two output shafts for moving output pinions, and with a arranged between the engine and the output shafts gearbox for selectively transmitting the drive movement of the motor to the output pinion, the transmission a number of switchable clutches and at least one switching element for simultaneously changing the transmission capability of one or more clutches.

A core idea of the invention is to selectively drive a torque of a single, preferably stationary motor to a or to distribute a plurality of at least two, preferably stationary Ab ^¬ drive shafts, wherein the distribution of the drive torque in dependence on the set Übertragungsfä- ability of one or more clutches and the transmission capability of the clutches is determined by at least one acting as a switching element actuator.

An "output gear" any Ab is understood ^¬ drive element. The "optionally transferring" the servo movement can, in principle, next to an alternative transmission (either to the one or to the other drive sprocket), a simultaneous transmission (both the a , as well as on the other drive pinion) umfas ^¬ sen.

The invention requires only a single motor to move multiple output sprockets. As a result, the material and manufacturing costs for the drive significantly reduced overall. Also, significantly less space is required. So the tight space in a motor vehicle be ^¬ can be Sonder effectively utilized. When using the drive in sunroof arrangements, this affects in particular the space above the front passengers and below the vehicle roof.

Since the use of additional motors is not required, the cabling effort is reduced. In addition, only a single motor control and a single set of components for RFI is necessary. Overall, decreases DA by the weight of the drive, which reduction to a total weight ^¬ contributes the motor vehicle and thus ringerung to Ver ^¬ the motor vehicle operating costs.

The invention, with its cost-effective switching of the drive sprockets, can be used not only in sunroof arrangements, but also in a large number of further arrangements in a motor vehicle. With a seat adjustment can with the help of the invention, for example, seat and back ^¬ rest moves with a single motor. A folding roof, for example, can be folded by means of the invention from both sides with a single motor.

Advantageous embodiments of the invention are specified in the subclaims.

According to a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention düng, the motor for transmitting its drive movement to a motor shaft, which is provided at two spaced locations with coupling pieces whose transmission capacity is variable. In other words, the coupling pieces ^¬ jenigen whose transmission capacity is verän- derbar, arranged on the motor shaft. This means that is switched ge ^¬ using the switching element directly on the motor shaft. The switching is thus carried out before the Abtriebswel ^¬ le, so that the output shafts or the output pinion need not be switched with. The switching forces and thus the required switching currents are thus very low. This means that only a very small number of small, lighter and less expensive switching elements is needed. Thus, a very compact design of the drive can be achieved by this construction. Preferably, only a single switching device is required.

It is particularly advantageous when one or more Kupplun ^¬ gene by the at least one switching element is axially displaceable so in output shaft longitudinal direction. This is particularly useful if the motor shaft is arranged coaxially to min ^¬ least one output shaft. Then switching takes place only in one effective direction, which has a high efficiency result. The transmission of the drive movement of the motor takes place with the help of the couplings without major force redirection, so that structurally simple and thus robust and at the same time inexpensive couplings can be used. According to a further embodiment of the invention, however, it is also possible that the motor shaft is arranged offset to at least ei ^¬ ner output shaft. If the waves are then offset parallel to one another, a transmission of the drive movement of the motor is particularly easy, for example by gears that mesh with each other. However, it is also possible that the motor shaft extends obliquely to one or more drive shafts.

It is particularly advantageous finally if one is provided with Mag ^¬ netkraft acting switching element. Such switching elements are particularly reliable and can be easily controlled. Preferably, a switching element is used with an electromagnet, which fulfills the function of a lifting magnet. Different systems can be used for different demands on the switching element, for example a double-stroke magnet system or a reversing-stroke self-holding magnet system. However, instead of such a magnetic switching element, a switching element with a servomotor or the like may be used.

The invention will be described below with reference to Ausführungsbeispie ^¬ len, which are explained in more detail with the aid of drawings. This show in simplified, z. T. schematic representations:

1 shows a drive according to the invention with axial shaft arrangement and a lifting magnet in a perspective view,

2 shows a drive according to the invention with axial shaft arrangement and a lifting magnet in a plan view,

3 is a detailed view of a dog clutch with a fixed and a movable coupling piece, 4 shows a perspective view of an inventive ^¬ Shen drive with gearbox,

5 shows a drive according to the invention with axial shaft arrangement and two lifting magnets,

6 shows a drive according to the invention with parallel offset shaft arrangement and a solenoid.

1 shows a first embodiment of the invention is shown. The drive 1 for use in a motor vehicle comprises an electric motor 2 with a motor connector 3, which serves to supply power to the electric motor 2. The Elect ^¬ romotor 2 comprises a rotor and a stator, which are arranged in egg nem motor housing. 4 The (only) motor shaft 5 of the electric motor 2 is led out of both end faces 6 of the Elekt ^¬ romotors 2 as a square shaft. The subsequent to the motor shaft 5 and described in more detail below gearbox is accommodated in a transmission housing 7, from which a connector 8 for connecting the electric motor 2 and further drive elements to a current and, if necessary, Sig ^¬ nalquelle leads out (cf. FIG. 4 ). In addition, two driven by the electric motor 2 output pinion 9, 9 'protrude from the transmission housing 7 out. These output gears 9, 9 'are used by so-called pitch cable for driving a glass ^¬ lid of a sunroof assembly on the one hand and a Innenrollos the sunroof assembly on the other hand, which are not shown for reasons of clarity.

In the area of the motor shaft ends, an (inner) coupling piece 11, 11 'is arranged in each case. The star-shaped coupling piece 11, 11 'is the one part of a controllable dog clutch. The coupling piece 11, 11 'is rotatably connected to the motor shaft 5, so it rotates with the motor shaft 5 with. Simultaneously, the coupling piece 11, 11 'on the motor shaft 5 along the Motorwellenlängs ^¬ direction 12 slidably mounted in the switching direction 13, In other words, it can change its axial position. The inner, the electric motor 2 associated coupling pieces 11, 11 'are therefore hereinafter referred to as movable coupling ^¬ pieces 11, 11'.

As counterparts to these movable coupling pieces 11, 11 'serve (outer) coupling pieces 14, 14' which are non-rotatably and non-displaceably connected to stationary output shafts 15, 15 'are connected. These external coupling pieces 14, 14 'are DA as fixed coupling pieces 14, 14 forth hereinafter' ^¬ be distinguished and, together with the zugeord them ^¬ each Neten movable coupling pieces 11, 11 'two claw couplings.

The output shafts 15, 15 'serve to transmit the drive movement of the electric motor 2 via driven gears 16, 16' to the output pinions 9, 9 '(see FIG. The power take-off ^¬ shafts 15, 15 'of the electric motor 2 ko ^¬ are arranged axially to the motor shaft 5 on both sides. In other words, the wavelength directions 17 of the output shafts 15 coincide congruently with the motor shaft longitudinal direction 12. To drive the driven gears 16, the output shafts 15, 15 'in the form of worm shafts are formed. In addition, each output shaft 15, 15 'has a radial thrust bearing in the form of a ball bearing 20, 20' and a radial bearing in the form of a spherical bearing 18, 18 '. On the output shafts 15, 15 'ring magnets 19, 19' are arranged for Hall sensors, which serve for position control and specification of the output shafts 15, 15 '. The fact that the Hall sensors are not in or directly to the electric motor 2, but arranged on (uncoupled) transmission parts, it is possible, stored in the engine electronics (relative) positions of the drive 1 even with mechanical play of the drive elements or in reactions from the Movement mechanism of the sunroof not to lose. The positioning of the ring magnets 19,

19 'especially on the output shafts 15, 15' leads to the fact that the position control very easy (for example, in Compared to an arrangement on the driven gears 16, 16 ') and still reliably takes place during or after coupling operations.

The two connected to the motor shaft 5 movable coupling pieces 11, 11 'are connected via a shift fork 21 with each other. The shift fork 21 consists of a parallel to the motor shaft longitudinal axis 12 extending main fork piece 22, which leads through a stationary solenoid 23 and can be moved by this parallel to the motor shaft longitudinal direction 12 in the switching direction 13. At the two ends of the main fork piece 22 perpendicular to the motor shaft axis 12 extending connecting parts 24 are arranged at the ends of fixing claws 25 are provided, which the movable coupling pieces 11 with the shift fork 21 verbin ^¬ the. For this purpose, the mounting claws 25 are inserted into corresponding grooves 26 on the coupling pieces 11, cf. FIG. 3

The lifting magnet 23 is arranged parallel to the electric motor 2. He also has a connector (not abge ^¬ forms), which serves for power supply. The control of the solenoid 23 is preferably carried out by an integrated into the drive control electronics (not shown), which is either part of the engine control or coupled with this. The lifting magnet 23 is a bi-stable switching system with a coil and two permanent magnets (not shown). This means that the shift fork 21 can be brought into two different positions by means of the solenoid 23. The advantages of a bi-stable lifting magnet lie in the fact that a control in both stroke directions by reversing the polarity of the coil is possible. Such a solenoid is operated in a pulsed mode, so that currency ^¬ rend the switching process only, there is a low power requirement. In the self-holding end positions, the power consumption is zero, so that no energy is consumed. In the embodiment described here, the An ^¬ order of the components takes place such that in a first Schaltstel ^¬ ment of the solenoid 23, the front dog clutch 11, 14 fully disengaged and the rear jaw clutch 11 ', 14' is fully engaged, as shown in FIG Darge ^¬ provides. In a second switching position of the solenoid 23, the front jaw clutch 11, 14 is completely eingekup ^¬ pelt and the rear jaw clutch 11 ', 14' completely ^¬ coupled. However, in a further embodiment of the inventions fertil can switch positions may also be provided such that in a first switching position, the front claw coupling 11, 14 is completely disengaged and the rear ^¬ re dog clutch 11 ', 14' fully engaged (or vice versa), while in a second switching position, both the front and the rear jaw clutch (partially) is engaged. In such a partial clutch engagement claws engage the clutch pieces 11, 14 and 11 ', 14' does not completely, but only partially into one another and ge ^¬ yet währleisten thereby secure transmission of the drive-motion of the electric motor. 2

As a solenoid 23 with two switching stages, instead of the bi ^¬ stable solenoid with a coil and a Umkehrhub- self-holding magnet can be used, which can also be referred to as Umkehrhub- magnet without zero position. Again, the lifting movement is effected by an electromagnetic force ^¬ effect. Two coils are used. In the stroke end positions, the armature is held by a permanent magnet when the current is switched off. After neutralizing the permanent magnet by a negative current pulse and the simultaneous excitation of the corresponding coil in turn sets a stroke movement in the other stroke position.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the lifting magnet 23 is a system with three switching stages (stable). These switching stages are preferably provided in such a way that in a first switching stage Finally, the front jaw clutch 11, 14 and in a second shift stage exclusively the rear jaw clutch 11 ', 14' is engaged, while in a third shift ^¬ stage for movement of both output gears 9, 9 'both jaw clutches (partially) are engaged. This embodiment ^¬ form thus allows not only an alternative, but also a simultaneous transmission of the drive movement to the output pinion 9, 9 '.

If three switching stages are to be provided, a double-stroke magnet is preferably used as the lifting magnet 23. This is equipped with two coils. Its armature can ^assume three different positions. Depending on which of the coils is turned on, the armature moves from the middle position in one or the other stroke position.

Apart from the above lifting magnet systems are of course other lifting magnet systems as well as systems used basie ^¬ rend on other operating principles. So it is possible, for example, instead of a solenoid to use a Ser ^¬ derotor (electric motor with adjusting).

Depending on the position of the shift fork 21 so an over ^¬ takes place transfer of the drive movement of the electric motor 2 via the Mo door shaft 5 to one or both output shafts 15, 15 'and from there via the output gears 16, 16' on the Abtriebsrit ^¬ zel 9, 9 '. The transmission capability of the front and the rear jaw clutch 11, 14 and 11 ', 14' is determined by the position of the shift fork 21.

As clutches jaw clutches are used in the illustrated embodiment, see. FIG 3. At the fixed and the movable coupling pieces 11, 14, 11 ', 14' are provided facing claws 27, which are matched in number and size to each other and at corresponding

Position of the shift fork 21 engage each other and thus a positive connection between the inner coupling piece 11, 11 ' and allow the outer coupling piece 14, 14 'of the dog clutch. The individual claws 27 of the coupling pieces 11, 14 have run-on slopes 28 at their facing ends. These facilitate the engagement of the coupling pieces 11, 14. For the process of Einkuppeins various methods can be applied. Particularly advantageous is a PWM control of the electric motor 2 has been found. The solenoid 23 is switched at a comparatively low rotation ^¬ number of the electric motor 2, so that a safe engagement is possible. In this case, the run-on slopes 28 could also be omitted.

However, depending on the application, other, preferably likewise controllable clutch systems can be used instead of the jaw clutches, for example

Tooth clutches (positive locking) or friction clutches (frictional engagement).

FIG. 5 shows a further exemplary embodiment of the invention. This differs from the previously be registered ^¬ embodiments in that no driven by a solenoid actuator 23 shift fork 21 is provided for moving the two coupling pieces 14, 14 '. Sen Stattdes ^¬ associated with each movable coupling piece 14, 14 'a separate tes shift fork member 29th Each of these Schaltga ^¬ belelemente 29 is (independently of each other) drivable by a bistable solenoid in the switching direction 13. This ensures that both an alternative and a simultaneous transmission of the drive movement of the electric motor 2 to the output pinion 9, 9 'is possible, where ^¬ in the coupling pieces 11, 14, 11', 14 'always fully ^¬ constantly interlock can.

FIG. 6 shows a further exemplary embodiment of the invention. In contrast to the previous figures, in which the output shafts 15, 15 'are always coaxial with the motor shaft 5 were arranged, the two output shafts 31, 31 'in this case arranged offset parallel to the motor shaft 5.

In the illustrated example, gear wheels 32, 32 'are provided as movable coupling pieces at both ends of the motor shaft 5, which in turn is designed as a square shaft. The gear wheels 32, 32 'designed as spur gears are in turn connected to the motor shaft 5 in an axially displaceable manner. About a shift fork 33 - which is similar to the above-described shift fork 21 is formed, but does not lead directly through the solenoid 23, but is effectively connected via a connecting piece 30 with the solenoid 23 - are in ^¬ the movable gears 32nd connected with each other. By a movement of the by means of the solenoid 23 parallel to the motor torwellenlängsrichtung 12 in the switching direction 13 movable

Shifter 33, these gears 32 axially, so in Mo ^¬ torwellenlängsrichtung 12 are moved on the motor shaft 5. Depending on which of the two switching positions of the lifting magnet 23 is present, then meshes one of the two movable gears 32 with a correspondingly provided as a counterpart fixed gear 34, 34 'on one of the output shafts 31, 31'. The gears 34, 34 'arranged there are non-rotatably connected to the output shaft 31, 31'. Is again ^{¬ provided} by a solenoid 23 with three switching stages, not only an alternative, but also a simultaneous transmission of the drive movement of the electric motor 2 to the output pinion 9, 9 'take place when both be ^¬ movable gears 32, 32' in a center position with two fixed gears 34, 34 'comb.

The output shafts 31, 31 'designed as worm shafts are in turn connected via output gears 16, 16' to the output pinions 9, 9 '.

Of course it is in other (not shown)

Embodiments also possible, the two output shafts 15, 15 'and 31, 31' not (as in FIG 1 and FIG. 6, respectively) shown) coaxial to each other. Thus, it is playing as possible ^¬ that an output shaft 15 or 31 paral ^¬ lel offset from the motor shaft 5 (as in Figure 6) re, and the walls ^¬ output shaft 15 'or 31' obliquely assign to the motor shaft 5 Toggle. Of course, a combination of a coaxial arrangement of motor shaft 5 and output shaft 15, 31 (as in FIG 1, 7) with a (parallel) staggered arrangement possible (as in FIG 6). Also can - appropriate Kupp ^¬ ment pieces, such as bevel gears provided - the output shafts 15, 15 ', 31, 31' arbitrarily and under ^¬ different obliquely to the motor shaft 5 may be provided and thus occupy any position.

By the arrangement of the output shafts in (basically) arbitrary manner (the wavelength directions 17, 17 ', 35, 35' of the output shafts 15, 15 ', 31, 31' can therefore include any angle with the motor shaft longitudinal directions) can thus the design of the drive 1 according to the invention can be varied. So very compact designs are possible. Since the choice of coupling pieces (jaw clutches, gears, ...) are no limits, and when geeigne ^¬ ter selection of the coupling types and the arrangement of the output shafts 15, 31 is freely selectable, the drive system described in the invention in a variety of designs and Variants are provided, whereby a u- niverseller use in all possible areas of a motor vehicle and beyond is possible.

The drive 1 is preferably designed such that - for example, during braking maneuvers or vehicle break - no unintentional movement of the roof is possible. For this purpose, Kings ^¬ NEN the output gear 9, 9 '- if necessary - be fixed mechanically be coupled a ^¬ state. For this purpose, the output pinion 9, 9 'and / or the output gears 16 and / or the output shafts 15, 31 and the like are designed to be self-locking. At the same time, it is taken into account that the electric motor 2 in the disengaged state has no moving can exert more inhibiting effect on the output pinion 9, 9 '.

Claims

claims

1. Drive (1) for use in a motor vehicle, with egg ^¬ nem motor (2), with at least two output shafts (16, 16 ', 31, 31') for moving output sprockets (9, 9 '), and with a between the motor (2) and the output shafts (16, 16 ', 31, 31') arranged gear for selectively transmitting the drive movement of the motor (2) to the output pinion (9, 9 '), wherein the transmission comprises a number of switchable clutches ( 11, 11 ', 14, 14', 32, 32 ', 34, 34') and at least one

Switching element (21, 23) for simultaneously changing the transmission capability of one or more clutches (11, 11 ', 14, 14'; 32, 32 ', 34, 34').

2. Drive (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that coupling pieces (11, 11 '; 32, 32'), whose transmission capability ^¬ speed is variable, at two spaced locations of a motor shaft (5) are arranged.

3. Drive (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that the motor shaft (5) coaxially with at least one output shaft (16, 16 ', 36, 36') is arranged.

4. Drive (1) according to claim 2 or 3, characterized marked, that the motor shaft (5) to at least one Abtriebswel ^¬ le (16, 16 ', 36, 36') is arranged offset.

5. Drive (1) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by a force acting with magnetic force switching element (21, 23).