EP1946005B1 - On-line adjustable coal flow distributing device - Google Patents

On-line adjustable coal flow distributing device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1946005B1
EP1946005B1 EP06809709.6A EP06809709A EP1946005B1 EP 1946005 B1 EP1946005 B1 EP 1946005B1 EP 06809709 A EP06809709 A EP 06809709A EP 1946005 B1 EP1946005 B1 EP 1946005B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
coal
upstream
vanes
pipes
downstream
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP06809709.6A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1946005A1 (en
Inventor
John Grusha
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Amec Foster Wheeler North America Corp
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Amec Foster Wheeler North America Corp
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Publication of EP1946005A1 publication Critical patent/EP1946005A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1946005B1 publication Critical patent/EP1946005B1/en
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
    • F23K3/00—Feeding or distributing of lump or pulverulent fuel to combustion apparatus
    • F23K3/02—Pneumatic feeding arrangements, i.e. by air blast
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
    • F23K2203/00—Feeding arrangements
    • F23K2203/006—Fuel distribution and transport systems for pulverulent fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
    • F23K2203/00—Feeding arrangements
    • F23K2203/10—Supply line fittings
    • F23K2203/105—Flow splitting devices to feed a plurality of burners

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method of and an apparatus for operating a pulverized coal-fired boiler system including an on-line adjustable coal flow distributing device.
  • the invention particularly relates to controlling the balance of flows of pulverized coal from a coal pipe to multiple coal pipes by using an adjustable riffle in a coal pipe junction.
  • a riffle is an enclosure including a series of parallel flow channels with rectangular cross sections, leading coal from an inlet pipe alternatively to each of a plurality of outlet pipes.
  • Coal is fed to the burners through a coal feed system comprising multiple coal pipes extending from the pulverizers to the burners.
  • the number of coal pipes connected to the pulverizers is less than the number of coal pipes connected to the burners, and the coal feed system comprises several coal pipe junctions, where an upstream coal pipe is divided into two or more downstream coal pipes.
  • a method used for trying to balance the coal streams is to provide a venturi with an internal swirler in the coal pipe at a position upstream of the junction, so as to break up the coal rope.
  • a swirler increases the pressure drop in the coal pipe.
  • such a swirler cannot be adjusted to correct the flows.
  • a riffle i.e., an enclosure comprising a series of parallel flow channels with rectangular cross sections, leading coal from the inlet pipe alternatively to each of the outlet pipes.
  • a riffle comprises eight to sixteen channels having a width from about one to about four inches.
  • US Patent No. 6,789,488 shows a device for balancing pulverized coal flows having adjustable flow control elements disposed upstream of a riffle.
  • the flow control elements comprise an array of, e.g., tear-drop shaped elements mounted on a positioning rod.
  • the transverse position of all parallel flow control elements can simultaneously be adjusted by sliding the positioning rod in or out of the coal pipe.
  • Patent publication EP 1 418 383 A1 shows a tiltable damper in a fuel supply duct upstream of a branching part to control the distribution of fuel to the branch ducts.
  • US Patent Application No. 2005/0160953 shows a riffle distributor with a motor to move a set of intake vanes relative to the incoming flow reference axis.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a riffle configuration in a simple and reliable method of and apparatus for efficiently controlling the balance of multiple coal flows in a pulverized coal fired boiler system, without significantly increasing the pressure drop of the system.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide an automatic, on-line control in an efficient method of and apparatus for controlling the balance of multiple coal flows in a pulverized coal fired boiler system.
  • the present invention provides a method of controlling the distribution of coal in a pulverized coal-fired boiler system having at least one coal pulverizer and at least two burners disposed on a boiler enclosure for receiving pulverized coal from the coal pulverizer.
  • the method includes providing a coal feed system for supplying coal from the at least one coal pulverizer to the at least two burners.
  • the coal feed system has a coal pipe junction with a riffle enclosure comprising a plurality of parallel partition walls forming multiple flow channels from an upstream coal pipe to each of at least two downstream pipes.
  • the method also includes providing a plurality of individually pivotable vanes upstream of the plurality of partition walls and pivoting at least one of the individually pivotable vanes to control the distribution of coal among the at least two downstream coal pipes.
  • the present invention provides a coal feed system for use in a pulverized coal-fired boiler system having at least one coal pulverizer for pulverizing coal to be supplied to at least two burners disposed on a boiler enclosure.
  • the coal feed system includes a coal pipe junction and a plurality of individually pivotable vanes.
  • the coal pipe junction includes a riffle enclosure having a plurality of partition walls forming multiple flow channels from an upstream coal pipe, through which the pulverized coal is supplied from the coal pulverizer, to each of at least two downstream coal pipes, which supply the pulverized coal to the at least two burners.
  • the plurality of individually pivotable vanes are disposed upstream of the plurality of partition walls to control distribution of coal from the upstream coal pipe among the downstream coal pipes.
  • the flow of coal and air through the channels can be reduced.
  • a considerable portion of the coal may be redistributed to flow to the neighboring channels by partially or fully blocking the inlets to one or at most a few of the channels.
  • the vanes properly, the coal flow can be distributed evenly to the outlet pipes. In some cases, there is also a need to specifically bias the coal distribution, for example, to address emissions or slagging problems. By adjusting the vanes properly, it is also possible to obtain such a biased coal distribution.
  • the individually pivotable vanes in accordance with the present invention allow balancing of the outlet coal flows without having to use flow channels in the riffle that are so narrow that a significant pressure drop in the riffle is created.
  • the device in accordance with the present invention renders it possible to balance the coal flow distribution by turning one or at most a few vanes in the riffle.
  • most of the vanes can be maintained inline with the flow, a pressure drop does not severely increase, and the velocity or distribution of primary air, which is spread to all of the channels, is not significantly affected.
  • a coal flow rate is measured in the downstream coal pipes and at least one of the vanes is pivoted, in response to a measured coal flow imbalance, to achieve the required coal flow distribution.
  • the coal flow data is preferably received from a real-time, on-line coal flow measuring system, such as a so-called ECT (Electric Charge Transfer) system.
  • ECT Electro Charge Transfer
  • An automated control system advantageously adjusts the vane(s).
  • the coal pipe junction preferably comprises two or more outlet openings, one to each of the corresponding downstream coal pipes.
  • the riffle enclosure advantageously comprises parallel flow channels leading alternately to each of the outlet openings.
  • a fixed partition wall extension is preferably disposed upstream of every N th partition wall and an individually pivotable vane is preferably disposed upstream of all other partition walls.
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows an overall view of a pulverized coal-fired boiler system 10.
  • Coal 12 and air 14 are introduced into a pulverizer 16 in which the coal is pulverized into a size suitable for combustion in each of two burners 18, 20 disposed on the sidewalls of a boiler 22.
  • the burners 18, 20 can be disposed on the corners, roof, and/or arches of the boiler.
  • Pulverized coal and primary air are conveyed along a coal feed system 24 from the pulverizer 16 to the burners 18, 20, where the coal is combusted by primary air and secondary air 26. Exhaust gases produced in the combustion process are discharged from the boiler through a discharge gas channel 28.
  • the coal feed system 24 comprises, in the simple pulverized coal firing boiler system shown in FIG. 1 , an upstream pipe 30, connected to the pulverizer 16, and two downstream pipes 32 and 34, connected to the burners 16 and 18, respectively.
  • the upstream pipe 30 is connected to the downstream pipes 32, 34 by a junction 36, where the initial flow of pulverized coal and primary air is divided among the two downstream pipes 32, 34.
  • pulverized coal firing boilers often comprise several pulverizers each having one or more outlets, each of which may be connected to two or more burners.
  • a coal feed system of such a more complicated pulverized coal firing boiler system may comprise several coal pipe junctions, which each split coal flow from an inlet pipe, or upstream pipe, carrying coal from an outlet of a pulverizer into two or more outlets pipes, or downstream pipes.
  • a coal pipe junction in accordance with the present invention, may be connected to two outlet pipes, as the one shown in FIGs. 1-3 , or to more than two outlet pipes, as the one shown in FIGs. 4 and 5 .
  • the junction 36 advantageously comprises an adjustable riffle according to the present invention so as to control the coal flow distribution between the pipes 32, 34, as will be discussed below in more detail.
  • FIG. 2 schematically depicts a front cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the coal pipe junction 36
  • FIG. 3 depicts a side cross-sectional view thereof.
  • the junction 36 has one inlet opening 38 and two outlet openings 40, 42, to which the upstream pipe 30 and the downstream pipes 32, 34, respectively, are to be connected.
  • the coal pipe junction 36 is here shown as having the inlet opening 38 at its lower end and the outlet openings 40, 42 at the upper end.
  • the orientation of the junction 36 may be different.
  • the inlet opening 38 may be at the upper end of the junction, or on a side.
  • the coal pipe junction 36 of FIGs. 2 and 3 also includes a riffle enclosure 44 having vertical side walls 46, an open, horizontal lower end 48, and partially-open upper ends 50, 52, which are slanted towards the sides of the enclosure.
  • a series of vertical partition walls 54, 54' Disposed within the riffle enclosure 44 is a series of vertical partition walls 54, 54', which form, together with the side walls 46, a series of parallel flow channels 56, 56'. Every second of the flow channels 56, 56' has a slanted upper end portion open towards one of the outlet openings 40, 42 and a slanted upper end portion closed towards the other of the outlet openings 40, 42, while the rest of the flow channels have the open and closed slanted end portions reversed.
  • the flow channels a1 - a5 are open to the outlet opening 40 and closed to the outlet opening 42
  • the flow channels b1 - b5 are open to the outlet opening 42 and closed to the outlet opening 40.
  • a vane 58 which can be pivoted about its rear (downstream) edge by a lever 60, is disposed adjacent to the lower (upstream) end of every second of the partition walls 54, 54'. (As shown in FIG. 3 , each of these every second of the partition walls is referenced by numeral 54.)
  • the lever 60 can advantageously be closed to a desired position by a locking pin 62.
  • Each of the vanes 58 is independently pivotable.
  • the vanes 58 can be pivoted by an automatic control system 66.
  • the control system 66 preferably comprises means 68 for monitoring the coal flow in the downstream pipes 32, 34. Based on measurements by such means, for example, based on an observed coal flow imbalance, one or more of the vanes 58 are turned so as to balance the flows.
  • the coal flow monitoring method can be based on the so-called ECT (Electric Charge Transfer) technology, or some other coal flow monitoring method known to persons skilled in the art, for example, based on an optical, microwave or sampling-based method.
  • fixed wall extensions 70 are advantageously disposed adjacent to the lower ends of the partition walls 54, 54' not associated with a pivotable vane 58.
  • the wall extensions are disposed adjacent to the partition walls referenced by numeral 54'.
  • the extensions preferably extend downwards substantially as far as the vanes 58.
  • the vanes 58 can advantageously be used to partially or fully close the inlet to either one of the adjacent flow channels 56, 56' by turning the leading edge of the vane towards an adjacent wall extension 70 or side wall 46.
  • the vane 58 at the lower end of the partition wall 54 between the channels a1 and b1 is pivoted to nearly close the inlet to the channel b1.
  • the rope may have a width extending mainly to the inlets of only a few of the channels 56, 56'.
  • the vane 58 between the channels a1 and b1 is pivoted toward the channel b1 to partially block channel b1.
  • the vane to be turned for balancing the coal flows can be found by testing them one-by-one, and monitoring the changes of the coal streams. If an on-line coal stream monitoring system is not available, it is in some cases also possible to adjust the fiows indirectly by some other parameters, such as the temperatures in the boiler. If the coal is flowing in the upstream pipe as a single rope or, more generally, in a form having only one maximum, it should theoretically always be possible to balance the flows by tilting one vane only. However, in some cases, when the density of the coal flow has more than one maximum point, the optimal balance of coal flows can be obtained by tilting two or more vanes.
  • the vanes 58 are controlled independently.
  • FIG. 3 shows the vanes 58 positioned so that only a very small gap 72 is formed between each of the vanes and the lower ends of the adjacent partition walls 54.
  • the spacing may preferably have an extent of from about 0.2 to about 3 times the width of the channels, and even more preferably from about 0.5 to about 1 times the width of the channels. Such a spacing does not have a significant effect on the coal flows, but the spacing may help to control the balance of the primary air flow.
  • the vanes 58 When the vanes 58 are in an inline position, the flow of air and pulverized coal does not cause any severe stress to the vanes 58. However, when a vane is in a coal flow-diverting position, pulverized coal will impinge on the vane. Therefore, the vanes 58 are preferably made of wear-resistant materials to extend the useable life of the vanes 58.
  • FIGs. 4 and 5 show schematically, as another preferred embodiment of the present invention, a coal pipe junction 74 having one inlet opening 76 and three outlet openings 78, 80, 82.
  • the riffle enclosure 84 comprises a series of three different types of parallel flow channels 86, 88, 90, which each direct coal flow to one of the outlet openings 78, 80, 82.
  • the flow channels a1 - a3 direct coal, for example, to outlet opening 78, channels b1 - b3 to outlet opening 80, and channels c1 - c3 to outlet opening 82.
  • a fixed extension 94 is arranged adjacent to the lower end of every third of the partition walls 92.
  • a fixed extension 94 is arranged adjacent to the partition wall 92 disposed between the channels c2 and a3.
  • an individually pivotable vane 96 is arranged adjacent to the lower end of each of the other partition walls.
  • a vane 96 is arranged adjacent to the partition wall 92 disposed between the channels a3 and b3.
  • an adjustable riffle which directs coal flow to more than three outlet openings.
  • an adjustable riffle it is possible to have independently adjustable vanes adjacent to only some of the partition walls, as in the embodiments shown in FIGs. 2 , 3 , 4 , and 5 , or to have such vanes adjacent to each of the partition walls.
  • the larger number of independently adjustable vanes renders possible a more flexible adjustment of the coal flows, but it also increases the costs of the device and makes the determination of optimal adjustment more complicated.
  • the adjustable vanes 58, 96 are mounted so that they can be pivoted around their rear, i.e., downstream, edges.
  • This alternative which can be especially useful if all the partition walls are equipped with an adjustable vane, may make the coal flow control somewhat more complicated, but may lead to very good balancing of the flows of both coal and primary air.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Feeding And Controlling Fuel (AREA)
EP06809709.6A 2005-10-31 2006-10-26 On-line adjustable coal flow distributing device Not-in-force EP1946005B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US11/261,668 US20070095260A1 (en) 2005-10-31 2005-10-31 On-line adjustable coal flow distributing device
PCT/IB2006/053940 WO2007052188A1 (en) 2005-10-31 2006-10-26 On-line adjustable coal flow distributing device

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1946005A1 EP1946005A1 (en) 2008-07-23
EP1946005B1 true EP1946005B1 (en) 2016-06-15

Family

ID=37876816

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP06809709.6A Not-in-force EP1946005B1 (en) 2005-10-31 2006-10-26 On-line adjustable coal flow distributing device

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US20070095260A1 (pl)
EP (1) EP1946005B1 (pl)
KR (1) KR20080080490A (pl)
CN (1) CN101300453B (pl)
AU (1) AU2006310196B2 (pl)
CA (1) CA2626882C (pl)
PL (1) PL1946005T3 (pl)
WO (1) WO2007052188A1 (pl)

Families Citing this family (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP4814137B2 (ja) * 2007-03-26 2011-11-16 三菱重工業株式会社 微粉炭濃度調整装置
WO2009046628A1 (fr) * 2007-09-27 2009-04-16 Zhen Wang Procédé de contrôle en ligne, en temps réel, du rendement d'une chaudière à charbon
EP2232143A1 (en) * 2007-12-07 2010-09-29 ABB Technology AG A system and method for full combustion optimization for pulverized coal-fired steam boilers
US7930981B2 (en) * 2008-04-02 2011-04-26 Coffey Lonnie A Adjustable riffler assembly
US9151493B2 (en) * 2008-12-18 2015-10-06 Alstom Technology Ltd Coal rope distributor with replaceable wear components
US9857077B2 (en) 2008-12-18 2018-01-02 General Electric Technology Gmbh Coal rope distributor with replaceable wear components
US9593795B2 (en) 2009-11-02 2017-03-14 General Electric Technology Gmbh Fuel head assembly with replaceable wear components
US20120183913A1 (en) * 2011-01-13 2012-07-19 White David C Tower distribution in a coal burning power plant
US9797599B2 (en) * 2011-01-20 2017-10-24 Babcock Power Services, Inc. Coal flow balancing devices
US9689568B2 (en) 2012-01-13 2017-06-27 Babcock Power Services, Inc. Adjustable division plate for classifier coal flow control
CN103383111B (zh) * 2013-06-27 2018-02-23 邯郸县金滢选矿厂 顶燃炉窑定量给煤装置及其给煤方法

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US4512200A (en) * 1983-11-30 1985-04-23 The Babcock & Wilcox Company Pulverized coal relative distribution meter
CN2376582Y (zh) * 1999-03-17 2000-05-03 孙国卿 布煤器
US6186079B1 (en) * 1999-08-31 2001-02-13 Sure Alloy Steel Corporation Linear diffuser for balancing coal flow
AU2001253724A1 (en) * 2000-04-24 2001-11-07 Harun Bilirgen Adjustable flow control elements for balancing pulverized coal flow at coal pipesplitter junctions
CN1243999C (zh) * 2001-12-03 2006-03-01 吉峰贵司 适配器系统
US6799525B2 (en) * 2002-09-13 2004-10-05 General Electric Company Automatic coal damper
CN2663827Y (zh) * 2003-09-03 2004-12-15 贾朝群 一种煤粉分配器
US7017501B2 (en) * 2004-01-22 2006-03-28 Alstom Technology Ltd Riffle distributor assembly for a fossil fuel fired combustion arrangement

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2007052188A1 (en) 2007-05-10
CN101300453A (zh) 2008-11-05
AU2006310196B2 (en) 2009-10-08
CA2626882A1 (en) 2007-05-10
CN101300453B (zh) 2010-10-20
KR20080080490A (ko) 2008-09-04
CA2626882C (en) 2011-02-08
PL1946005T3 (pl) 2016-12-30
US20070095260A1 (en) 2007-05-03
EP1946005A1 (en) 2008-07-23
AU2006310196A2 (en) 2008-07-31
AU2006310196A1 (en) 2007-05-10

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