EP1945072B1 - Protective device to be mounted on a building part, assembly comprising a building part and a protective device, method for securing the vicinity of a building, and method for the production of building parts - Google Patents

Description

On the one hand, the invention relates to a protective device for attachment to a building part, wherein the protective device prevents a building substance liberating from the building part from entering the environment, wherein the protective device also comprises adhesives to be thermally activated. On the other hand, the invention relates to an arrangement of a building part and a protective device, wherein the protective device is applied to an existing building part, wherein between the protective device and the building part, a preferably thermally activated, adhesive is arranged. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for securing a building environment in front of itself from building surfaces herauslösenden building substances, wherein the building surfaces such a protective device is applied by means of an adhesive, wherein the adhesive of the protective device is preferably thermally activated, and a method for producing parts of buildings.

Especially in earthquake-shaken areas of crisis buildings or parts of buildings are often so badly damaged that it breaks the grouting and / or the building itself. There is almost always the danger that parts of the building will come loose and fall into the surroundings of the buildings, such as the living space of the buildings. Almost always people are injured. Not infrequently, the affected people also suffer fatal injuries.

In addition, escape routes are often obstructed by people falling down so that the rescue or recovery of people is impeded, delayed and / or even impossible.

Particularly in new buildings, an attempt is made to construct the buildings in such a way that they are much more earthquake-proof than conventional buildings. However, such measures are very costly and unviable for much of the population strata living in such crisis areas.

A method in which the existing plaster is knocked down in existing buildings and subsequently a reinforcing fabric is applied, which is then repainted, is usually rejected because of the accumulating dirt and the loss of use for weeks, some still with odor nuisance, from the residents ,

Thus, such measures are usually limited to prestige objects or public buildings. Often a targeted stiffening of structurally bearing building components and / or by means of a "floating storage" corresponding building parts trying to create the building relatively earthquake-proof. However, this procedure is very cost-intensive and, moreover, can not usually be implemented in existing buildings. Thus, at least a large part of the existing buildings subsequently economically not sensible to secure.

The EP-A-1 514 975 describes the sealing of basements against moisture and cold. For this purpose, sealing strips of polymer bitumen are used. Such webs are not suitable for use in earthquake-prone areas to stabilize the walls.

The US-A-4,123,305 describes a special carpet which is suitable to be applied with an adhesive which is heated to 90 ° C to 100 ° C. Also a Such carpet is not suitable for stabilizing parts of buildings against seismic influences.

Also in the DE-A-40 04 022 described expansion joint tape is not suitable for the invention underlying the use.

It is an object of the invention to provide a way to secure buildings or parts of buildings in an economically acceptable framework such that they, for example, in the case of an earthquake, are safer, or the residents more time to escape.

The object of the invention is achieved by a protective device for attachment to a part of the building, on which the protective device prevents a building substance liberating from the building part from entering the environment, wherein the protective device also comprises adhesives that are thermally activated, and the protective device is thereby characterized in that it is made of an elastic material having a strength of more than 700 N / cm, preferably 1400 N / cm, and a width of more than 2.50 m, preferably 3.15 m, or of other room heights.

By means of the protective device described here, advantageously, a building substance extracting from the building part is at least prevented from falling over, possibly injuring people. In particular, the present protective device ensures that people in an affected building have a longer evacuation period available to leave the damaged building before the protective device may give way to the loads of the building substance extracting from the building part.

To perform repairs, the adhesive can be thermally activated again and the protective device can then be released.

The term "protective device" herein describes a structure which can be additionally attached to a building part, so that it is arranged substantially in front of the actual building part. In the present case, the building part can represent almost any area of a building.

The term "building substance" in this case includes any building materials from which a building or a part of the building is made.

The term "environment" in this case includes any areas that are in the immediate vicinity of a building. In particular, the term "environment" also includes the actual living space of a building in which people are present. But also the outside area around a building is covered by the term "environment".

As used herein, the term "adhesives to be thermally activated" describes adhesives which do not develop their primary tackiness until they have been given a sufficient amount of heat energy. Since such prior art thermal adhesives are well known, the precise composition and mode of action of the invention will not be discussed further.

In this connection, the invention is also achieved by a method for securing a building environment in front of building surfaces from dissolving building substances, wherein on the building surfaces such a protective device is applied by means of an adhesive, wherein the adhesive of the protective device is preferably thermally activated and the adhesive at a temperature above 50 ° C, preferably at about 70 ° C, is thermally activated.

It is understood that the adhesive may be present in different embodiments (also possible as adhesive threads in the protective device), in particular with respect to its consistency after processing. This is how the adhesive stays even after applying the protective device to a part of the building elastic, so it can go along very well with slight movements of the building part, without itself becoming brittle. For example, an elastic adhesive is also suitable to follow thermally induced strains of a building part.

Advantageous is an adhesive that allows a moisture exchange through the masonry, otherwise damage to health caused by mold infestation are possible. Therefore, an embodiment provides that the adhesive is semipermeable at least for moisture.

In certain applications, however, it may also be advantageous if the adhesive is inelastic. An inelastic adhesive can additionally reinforce a building part to which it is applied. But only up to a critical load.

In order to be able to detach an already applied protective device from a building part again, it is advantageous if the protective device comprises adhesives that are to be thermally deactivated.

The present protective device can thus be made in the present case of almost any material which ensures such strength. For example, the protective device can also be made of inelastic material.

However, in order to allow deformations to a certain extent, it is advantageous if the protective device is made of an elastic material. Advantageously, in an elastic protective device deformations of a building part can be made visible, so that it is obvious where the building or building parts have damage.

It is advantageous if the protective device is made of a composite material. This allows properties of different materials with each other be linked so that a protective device with special material properties is present.

The present protective device can be of many shapes. It has proved advantageous in some applications if the protective device comprises a woven or knitted fabric. A protective device constructed in this way is particularly flexible during processing and can thus be advantageously applied to a building part or to a building surface.

Depending on the field of application, it is advantageous if the protective device comprises a fleece. Nonwovens are particularly well suited to be soaked with adhesive, so that they can form a particularly intimate connection with an adhesive.

An embodiment variant provides that the protective device comprises a paper foil or a plastic foil. By means of such films, the protective device can be made permeable or semipermeable, so that such films, for example, a one-sided vapor barrier can be realized.

Further, it is advantageous in other applications, when the protective device comprises components of a plaster, a plasterboard or a gas concrete.

In order for the protective device to be highly resilient and particularly tear-resistant or tensile-resistant, it is advantageous if the protective device is manufactured as an endless product. To exploit the typical diagonal forces with horizontal deflection of the components, as they arise in earthquake areas, the threads can be fixed and aligned at 45 ° angle (by special fabric, knitted or nonwoven fabrics).

In particular, with regard to the equipping of high building spaces or building surfaces, it is advantageous if the protective device has a width of more than 3 m, preferably of 3.15 m, or of other room heights. A width of more than 3 m makes it possible to line a building surface with only one seam-free continuous safety device in one operation. Particularly in earthquake-critical areas in Turkey, it is advantageous if the protective device has a width of 3.15 m, since this is a typical room height there.

In order for the protective device to be handled and processed advantageously, it is advantageous if the protective device is arranged on a mobile support.

Advantageously, the protective device may comprise in particular antiseptic and fungicidal active agents. As a result, substances harmful to health are more difficult to adhere to building surfaces.

A further embodiment provides that the protective device comprises odor-neutralizing active ingredients. As a result, unpleasant odors can be broken down better.

It is advantageous for the design of living spaces when the protective device is paintable and / or printable.

Also, the object of the invention of an arrangement of a building part and a protective device is achieved, in which the protective device is applied to an existing building part, and the arrangement is characterized in that between the protective device and the building part, an adhesive is arranged, which also thermally can be activated.

To further increase the reliability of the present arrangement, it is advantageous if the protective device is additionally screwed to the building part. In a related advantageous embodiments, best with flat iron to a reinforced concrete frame or anchors in the adjacent walls.

An alternative to this provides that the protective device is additionally attached to the building part and / or nailed.

Furthermore, it is possible to additionally secure the protective device to the building part by means of clamping means.

An alternative placement of the present protective device provides that the protective device is arranged between two or more parts of the building.

It is understood that the present protective device can be arranged almost on any part of the building. Thus, the protective device itself can advantageously be arranged on structurally viable components.

However, it is also advantageous if the building parts to which the protective device is arranged are not constructive components of a building part. In particular, non-structural components of a building are particularly affected by damage caused by an earthquake, since the non-constructive components are usually less stable than structurally bearing parts of the building.

It is advantageous if the building part comprises a masonry. In masonry structures, in particular, there is a risk that parts of the masonry will become brittle during earthquakes and threaten to collapse. This can be effectively avoided by the protective device according to the invention.

In order to secure outdoor areas of a building, it is advantageous if the building part comprises an outer facade.

Likewise, it is advantageous if the building part comprises a ceiling and / or a roof.

Even with a floor as part of the building, the present protective device can be used advantageously.

In terms of process technology, it is advantageous if the protective device is applied to the building surface by means of a heating device. Such a heating device preferably has a heating plate, which is painted over the protective device as soon as the protective device is placed in front of the building surface to be equipped with the protective device. Here, the protective device is literally "ironed", wherein the adhesive is thermally activated by the heat input by means of the heater.

Accordingly, a variant of the method provides that the adhesive is thermally activated before and / or during the application.

An alternative method provides that the protective device and / or the adhesive are heated by means of a heat radiator. The adhesive can be activated by heat radiators accordingly.

Another alternative provides that the protective device and / or the adhesive are heated by means of a chemical reaction.

In the present case, the stated alternatives do not limit the scope of the invention, but merely describe by way of example how the adhesive to be thermally activated can be activated.

A variant of the method provides that the adhesive is applied to the protective device and / or to the building surfaces before the thermal activation.

Bonding without thermal activation is also possible.

Moreover, it is advantageous if the adhesive is applied after rolling from a supply roll and before applying to a building surface on the protective device.

It is particularly advantageous if the protective device is applied directly after unwinding from a storage device, such as the supply roll. As a result, the protective device can be applied very quickly and structurally uncomplicated on a building surface.

So that the protective device can absorb high forces, it is advantageous if the protective device is applied to a building surface seamlessly and in one piece. A particularly high level of protection is achieved by means of the protective device when a single protective device is applied in one piece to more than one building surface. However, it is also proposed that tracks of the protective device are connected to each other. This can e.g. can be achieved by sewing or stapling.

It is advantageous if the protective device is stretched over building openings, such as window openings, and the building openings are then cut out of the protective device.

Finally, the object of the invention is also achieved by a method for the manufacture of building parts, in which the protective device described above is applied to the building parts. Advantageously, the protective device is already attached during the production of building parts to this.

Further advantages, objects and features of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which arrangements of existing protective devices and building surfaces are shown.

Figur 1

schematisch ein Applizieren einer Schutzeinrichtung an bestehenden Gebäudeflächen und

Figur 2

schematisch eine an einem Gebäudeteil applizierte Schutzeinrichtung, wobei aus dem Gebäudeteil bereits Gebäudesubstanz herausgebrochen ist.

It shows

FIG. 1

schematically applying a protective device to existing building surfaces and

FIG. 2

schematically a device applied to a part of the building protection, which has already broken out of the building part building substance.

The Indian FIG. 1 shown room 1 of a building comprises side walls 2, 3 and 4, which are each created by means of a masonry 5. In the side wall 2 is a window opening 6 and in the side wall 3, a window opening 7 is provided.

Another side wall which closes the room, the side wall 3 opposite and is not shown here, so that the view of a viewer on the remaining side walls 2, 3 and 4 of the room 1 is free.

Starting from the side wall 4, a protective device 8 is applied to the remaining side walls 2 and 3 and the fourth side wall, not shown.

The window opening 6 on the side wall 2 has already been cut out of the protective device 8 applied there.

The protective device 8 is hereby, starting from the side wall 4 in one piece and thus seamlessly unrolled from a rollable support means 9 and a supply roll 10 placed thereon unrolled. By means of a heating device 12, a person 11 sweeps over the protective device 8 placed in front of the side wall 3. By means of the heating device 12, a thermally activatable adhesive (not shown here) is activated so that the protective device 8 bonds to the side walls 2, 3 and 4 shown here. In the present case, the protective device 8 is ironed on the side walls 2, 3 and 4, so to speak, with light pressure. By means of the heater 12, a heat of about 70 ° C is introduced into the protective device 8 or in the adhesive, whereby the adhesive present here is activated and the protective device 8 on the pressure on the heater with the side walls 2, 3 and 4 an intimate Connection is received.

The support device 9 is moved further in the direction of movement 13, until the entire side wall 3 is completely covered with the protection device 8. In this case, the window opening 7 is covered by the protective device 8. After the protective device 8 has been applied to the side wall 3, the window opening 7 is cut out of the protective device 8.

The present protective device 8 consists of a high-strength fabric made of textile glass with a strength of about 1400 N / cm. The protective device 8 has a width 14 of about 3.15 m in this embodiment. This corresponds approximately to the ceiling height of the space shown here 1. Thus, the protective device can be applied seamlessly to the side walls 2, 3 and 4 and to the side wall, not shown here. Due to the seamless processing, the protective device 8 has a particularly high strength and is thus particularly resistant.

So that the adhesive adheres to the masonry / plaster 5 particularly well, the masonry of all side walls 2, 3 and 4 are pretreated with a primer.

In the present case, a protective device 8 with a length of more than 10 m is stored on the support device 9, so that even at the abutting edges 15 of two side walls 2, 3, the protective device 8 does not have to be cut.

So that the protective device 8 does not become too dirty, the protective device 8 has a dirt-repellent coating on its surface 16 in the present case.

The in the FIG. 2 shown building wall 30 is reinforced with a protective device 31. In order for the protective device 31 to adhere to the building wall 30, a thermally activatable adhesive 32 is arranged between the protective device 31 and the building wall 30.

From the building wall 30, a part 33 of the building wall 30 is broken, so that between the building wall 30 and the part 33 of the building wall 30, a gap 34 has arisen. In the event that no protective device 31 would have been applied to the building wall 30, the broken-out part 33 would have already fallen down and possibly injured a person.

However, since the building wall 30 is provided with the protector 31, the broken-out part 33 is restrained by the protector 31 and can not fall down, and the broken-out part 33 can not injure any person.

Claims (12)

1. A protective equipment for mounting on a building part on which the protective equipment prevents building fabric separating from the building part to end up in the environment, the protective equipment also including adhesives to be thermically activated, characterized in that the protective equipment (8) is made of an elastic material with a resistance of more than 700 N/cm, preferably of 1400 N/cm and has a width (14) of more than 2,50 m, preferably of 3,15 m or of other ceiling heights.
2. The protective equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that the adhesive (32) is semi permeable at least to humidity.
3. The protective equipment according to one of the claims 1 to 2, characterized in that the protective equipment includes adhesives to be thermically deactivated.
4. The protective equipment according to one of the claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the protective equipment (8) can be paintable or printable.
5. An arrangement formed by a building part and a protective equipment in which the protective equipment is applied to an existing building part, a preferably thermally activated adhesive being disposed between the protective equipment and the building part, characterized in that the protective equipment (8) is made of an elastic material with a resistance of more than 700 N/cm, preferably of 1400 N/cm and has a width (14) of more than 2,50 m, preferably of 3, 15 m or of other ceiling heights.
6. The arrangement according to claim 5, characterized in that the protective equipment (8) is disposed between two or more building parts.
7. The arrangement according to one of the claims 5 to 6, characterized in that the building part on which the protective equipment (8) is disposed is a non structural construction part of a building.
8. A method for securing a building environment from building fabric separating from building surfaces, a protective equipment according to one of the claims 1 to 4 being applied on the building surfaces by means of an adhesive, the adhesive of the protective equipment being preferably activated thermically, characterized in that the adhesive (32) is activated thermically at a temperature above 50°C, preferably at approximately 70°C.
9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that the protective equipment (8) and/or the adhesive (32) are heated by means of a chemical reaction.
10. The method according to one of the claims 8 to 9, characterized in that the protective equipment is applied seamlessly and in one piece.
11. The method according to one of the claims 8 to 10, characterized in that the protective equipment is stretched across building apertures, such as window apertures and the building apertures are subsequently cut out of the protective equipment.
12. A method for constructing building parts, characterized in that a protective equipment according to one of the claims 1 to 4 is applied to the building part.

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