EP1937771A1 - Composition based on plasticized pvc thermoplastic resins for the production of composite skins for vehicle passenger compartment parts - Google Patents

Composition based on plasticized pvc thermoplastic resins for the production of composite skins for vehicle passenger compartment parts

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Publication number
EP1937771A1
EP1937771A1 EP06841984A EP06841984A EP1937771A1 EP 1937771 A1 EP1937771 A1 EP 1937771A1 EP 06841984 A EP06841984 A EP 06841984A EP 06841984 A EP06841984 A EP 06841984A EP 1937771 A1 EP1937771 A1 EP 1937771A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
composition according
pvc
layer
plasticizers
resins
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP06841984A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Ludovic Hardouin-Duparc
Jérémy DAUCHIN
Jean-François VAUTRIN
Anne Chabrol
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kem One SAS
Original Assignee
Arkema France SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Arkema France SA filed Critical Arkema France SA
Publication of EP1937771A1 publication Critical patent/EP1937771A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L27/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L27/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
    • C08L27/04—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing chlorine atoms
    • C08L27/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of vinyl chloride
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R13/00—Elements for body-finishing, identifying, or decorating; Arrangements or adaptations for advertising purposes
    • B60R13/02—Internal Trim mouldings ; Internal Ledges; Wall liners for passenger compartments; Roof liners
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
    • C08K5/0008—Organic ingredients according to more than one of the "one dot" groups of C08K5/01 - C08K5/59
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
    • C08L2205/04—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing interpenetrating networks
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L67/00—Compositions of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L67/02—Polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to compositions based on plasticized polyvinyl chloride (PVC) thermoplastic resins, allowing the production of a layer of "skins" composites or multilayers; these skins or composite structures comprise an outer coating or coating and an inner layer according to the invention; these composite skins are used for passenger compartment parts of motor vehicles, such as in particular instrument panels equipped with visible airbags (with separate flaps) or integrated airbags (also known as airbags invisible to the driver and passengers), central consoles and door trim (or door panels).
  • PVC plasticized polyvinyl chloride
  • the invention also relates to the process for manufacturing these composite skins by molding.
  • Prior art :
  • dashboards It is known in the technical field of manufacture of the dashboard of a motor vehicle, to use the skins thereof conventionally made in particular by the hot-powder powder flow molding technique, either by rotational molding or by "slush -moulding "or slugging.
  • These dashboards generally include an external "skin” imitation leather that gives the appearance (especially the color, the pattern, the appearance to the touch); typically the main materials used are thermoplastic resins of polyvinyl chloride (PVC), thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPU), thermoplastic polyolefins (TPO), and polyurethanes (PU).
  • a foam-based material usually made of polyurethane or expanded PVC, is used as a sub-layer to provide flexibility properties and sound and thermal insulation.
  • a “skin” composite (multilayer) can be made to provide particular properties of appearance, in particular: decoration, color, touch or resistance to aging, or abrasion.
  • IMC In Mold Coating
  • a key problem that arises is the migration of the plasticizers contained in the PVC layer through the coating, resulting in their exudation which gives a greasy feel to the outer surface of the coating. skin and an unsightly appearance, especially for dashboards of motor vehicles; another problem encountered may be the incompatibility between the various additives, such as plasticizers in particular, used in the PVC layer and in the coating.
  • Another problem encountered is the migration of amines from the polyurethane into the PVC layer. To limit the migration in the polyurethanes, the crosslinking can be increased but then the properties are reduced at low temperatures.
  • plasticizers used are chosen from esters formed from higher (typically C.sub.1-C.sub.13) alcohols and from organic acids such as in particular aromatic acids such as trimellitic acid to give trimellitates (for example octyl-TMO trimellitate), phthalic acid to give phthalates (for example dibutyl phthalate-DBP, dioctyl phthalate-DOP, diundecyl phthalate-DUP, ditridecyl phthalate-DTDP) or benzoic acid (benzoates); other acids such as in particular adipic acid (dioctyl adipate-DOA, diisodecyl adipate-DIDA, ditridecyl adipate (DTDA), oleic acid (butyl oleate), sebacic acid (dioctyl sebacate), DOS, diisodecyl sebacate-DIDS), azelic acid (dioc
  • the multilayer skins thus obtained comply with the specifications of motor vehicle manufacturers, in particular the requirements for the opening of integrated airbag or not, that is to say the opening in a period of time very short without projection of particles for temperatures conventionally between -40 0 C and + 80 0 C.
  • the invention provides a solution to these problems by optimizing the choice of the plasticizer or the mixture of several plasticizers used in the composition based on thermoplastic resins of polyvinyl chloride (PVC), constituting the intermediate layer of a composite skin, also comprising an outer coating (coating) in direct contact with one of the faces of said plasticized PVC-based layer; this optimization, by eliminating the migration of plasticizers between the PVC layer and the outer coating, improves their compatibility and allows the production of parts or parts of passenger compartment of motor vehicles, of appearance and having mechanical properties in accordance with the specifications builders.
  • PVC polyvinyl chloride
  • the invention relates to a composition based on plasticized polyvinyl chloride (PVC) thermoplastic resins, for producing a layer of a skin or composite structure, this layer being provided on its outer face with a coating, characterized in that what she understands, expressed in percent by weight:
  • PVC plasticized polyvinyl chloride
  • plasticisers from 30 to 50% of one or more types of plasticisers, of which at least one is of polymeric nature or is a heavy monomeric plasticizer,
  • additives such as pigments or fillers, stabilizers, antioxidants, processing additives and lubricants.
  • the content of polymeric plasticizer or heavy monomer is greater than 10% by weight relative to the total amount of plasticizers.
  • the weight ratio of the plasticizers and the resin is at least 60/100.
  • the polymeric plasticizer (s) is (are) chosen (s) in particular from polyphthalates and polyadipates.
  • other plasticizers are added in the composition, chosen from the group of azelates, trimellitates, sebacates, adipates, phthalates, citratec, benzoates, tahees, glutarates, fumarates, maleates, oleates, palmitates and acetates.
  • the monomer (s) monomer (s) heavy (s) has (have) a molecular weight by weight of at least 350.
  • heavy monomeric plasticizers are particularly used ditridecyl adipate (DTDA) and diisodecyl sebacate (DIDS).
  • DTDA ditridecyl adipate
  • DIDS diisodecyl sebacate
  • composition according to the invention also relates to mixtures of polymeric plasticizer (s) and heavy monomeric plasticizer (s), as described above, in very large proportions.
  • the thermoplastic resin is polyvinyl chloride (PVC) obtained by a suspension or micro-suspension process, but emulsion or bulk PVC can also be used.
  • the thermoplastic resin comprises a mixture of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and a compatible polymer chosen from copolymers or terpolymers vinyl chloride and vinyl acetate (VC / VA) or vinyl chloride and acrylic derivative (VC / DA), thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPU), thermoplastic polyetheresters, ethylene / vinyl monomer (EVA) copolymers, ethylene / vinyl monomer / carbonyl terpolymers, melt processable acrylic elastomers, block copolymers polyamide and polyether blocks or polyetherblockamides, chlorinated or chlorosulphonated polyethylenes, ethylene / alkyl (meth) acrylate polymers or functionalized or unmethylated (meth) acrylic acid, MBS core-shell polymers, SBM block ter
  • VC / VA copolymer Lacovyl® from Arkema
  • an example of VC / DA copolymer is Vinnolit® from Vinnolit
  • an example of TPU is Goodrich's Estane®
  • an example of thermoplastic polyetherester is DuPont's Hytrel®
  • an example of polyetherblockamide is Pebax® from Arkema
  • an example of EVA is Evatane® from Arkema
  • an example of ethylene / vinyl monomer / carbonyl terpolymer is Elvaloy® from DuPont
  • examples of ethylene / alkyl (meth) acrylate or acidic polymers (Meth) acrylic functionalized or otherwise are Lotryl®, Lotader® and Orevac® from Arkema
  • an example of chlorinated or chlorosulfonated polyethylenes is DuPont's Tyrin®
  • an example of a processable acrylic elastomer in the molten state is Al
  • the additives added to the composition are chosen from pigments or fillers, lubricants, UV stabilizers, thermal stabilizers, processing additives and antioxidants, at levels of between and 10% by weight of the composition.
  • the subject of the invention is also the use of the composition according to the invention, for obtaining a layer of skin or composite structure, for the passenger compartment parts of motor vehicles, in particular instrument panels equipped with airbags, the outer surface of said layer being coated with a coating selected from compositions based on epoxy resin, polyurethane resin, PVC or acrylic resins.
  • the subject of the invention is also a process for preparing a composite skin for a passenger compartment of a motor vehicle, according to the invention, characterized in that in a first step the coating is deposited in a mold, and that in a second step the layer obtained from the composition according to the invention is produced by "slush-molding".
  • the composite skin is successively composed from the outside (apparent surface in the passenger compartment) inwards:
  • a PVC layer having a total thickness of between 0.5 and 2 mm, preferably between 0.9 and 1.2 mm,
  • An inner layer (support) foam having a thickness between 0.5 and 10 mm, preferably between 0.9 and 6 mm.
  • the coating can be made from polyurethane compositions, water-based or solvent, but can also be based on plasticized PVC resins; it is applied by any known technique, in particular by spraying (Airmix or Airless).
  • the reaction and condensation products of a dicarboxylic acid in particular phthalic, adipic, sebasic acid, etc.
  • a diol ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, butane diol, hexane diol
  • the chain propagation can be stopped by the use of carboxylic acids or monofunctional alcohols.
  • polymeric plasticizers which are preferably chosen from polyphthalates and polyadipates, are characterized by a viscosity ranging from 100 to 8000 mPa.s at 25 ° C. (measured according to the ASTM D 445 method).
  • composition of the PVC layer must adhere perfectly to the coating and the foam layer.
  • compositions are prepared with Kwert 70 PVC resins and with various monomeric (or monomeric) plasticizers such as trioctyl trimellate (TOTM), diundecyl phthalate (DUP), ditridecyl adipate (DTDA) and diisodecyl. sebacate (DIDS), and / or polymeric plasticisers such as polyadipates.
  • TOTM trioctyl trimellate
  • DUP diundecyl phthalate
  • DTDA ditridecyl adipate
  • DIDS diisodecyl. sebacate
  • polymeric plasticisers such as polyadipates.
  • the viscosities of these polymeric plasticizers are between 100 and 8000 mPa.s at 25 ° C (measured according to the ASTM D 445 method).
  • HSE epoxidized soybean oil
  • UV stabilizers UV stabilizers
  • thermal stabilizers thermal stabilizers and antioxidants.
  • Examples A and B correspond to traditional formulas of the state of the art, not in accordance with the invention.
  • Example C shows the advantage of introducing a polymeric plasticizer mixed with a conventional monomeric plasticizer, without however being in accordance with the invention.
  • Examples E and F show the interest of polymeric plasticisers used in admixture with heavy monomeric plasticizers.
  • Example D shows the interest of polymeric plasticisers.
  • Sample dashboard skins from these compositions were prepared by the "slush molding” process and subjected to various tests explained below.
  • the migration of the plasticisers is evaluated according to a visual method of quantification: after the production of a skin, appears on the surface more or less quickly and in more or less important quantities a fatty film (the more the migration is important, the more there is of signs -).
  • the brittleness test consists of a cold shock measurement according to ASTM D 746-04. The sample is immersed in a bath of alcohol and ice for 2 minutes, then the impact of a hammer takes place.
  • the gelification test is carried out according to an internal method for determining the gel times, by using a thermostatted oven (type Metastat or Werner & Mathis) and by comparing the formulas with each other.
  • the “ribbons” of powder are passed through an oven (fixed temperature: 240 ° C. or 220 ° C.) and are placed on a moving plate: a time gradient is obtained along the plate and it is possible to locate the gel start time at this temperature.
  • the + sign means that the sample is better than the control.
  • the sign - means that the sample is not as good as the witness
  • This gelling test reflects the ease of implementation of the powders obtained from the compositions, in the processors that produce the composite skins.
  • compositions according to the invention is carried out on conventional installations with the introduction of additives either in the upper (hot) tank or in the lower (cold) tank, with final production of powders.
  • compositions with different Kwert PVC resins ranging from 66 to 80 were prepared according to the following formulas, in Table 2 below:

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a composition based on plasticized polyvinyl chloride (PVC) thermoplastic resins for producing a layer of a composite structure or skin, said layer being provided on its outer face with a coating, characterized in that the composition comprises, expressed as per cent by weight: - from 40% to 60% of one or more PVC resins with a K value of between 50 and 80, - from 30% to 50% of one or more types of plasticizers, at least one of which is polymeric in nature, or is a heavy monomeric plasticizer, - from 1% to 20% of additives, such as pigments or fillers, stabilizers, antioxidants, processing additives and lubricants. The invention also provides the process for producing these composite skins by moulding, and their use for parts of the passenger compartment of automotive vehicles, such as, in particular, airbag-equipped dashboards.

Description

COMPOSITION A BASE DE RESINES THERMOPLASTIQUES DE PVC PLASTIFIEES POUR LA REALISATION DE PEAUX COMPOSITES POUR PARTIES D'HABITACLE DE VEHICULE. COMPOSITION BASED ON PLASTICIZED PVC THERMOPLASTIC RESINS FOR PRODUCING COMPOSITE SKINS FOR VEHICLE ROOF PARTS.
La présente invention se rapporte aux compositions à base de résines thermoplastiques de polychlorure de vinyle (PVC) plastifiées, permettant la réalisation d'une couche de "peaux" composites ou multicouches; ces peaux ou structures composites comprennent un revêtement ou couchage extérieur et une couche intérieure selon l'invention ; ces peaux composites sont utilisées pour les parties d'habitacle des véhicules automobiles, tels qu'en particulier les planches de bord équipées d'airbags apparents (à volets séparés) ou intégrés (appelés aussi airbags invisibles par le conducteur et les passagers), les consoles centrales et les habillages de porte(ou panneaux de porte).The present invention relates to compositions based on plasticized polyvinyl chloride (PVC) thermoplastic resins, allowing the production of a layer of "skins" composites or multilayers; these skins or composite structures comprise an outer coating or coating and an inner layer according to the invention; these composite skins are used for passenger compartment parts of motor vehicles, such as in particular instrument panels equipped with visible airbags (with separate flaps) or integrated airbags (also known as airbags invisible to the driver and passengers), central consoles and door trim (or door panels).
L'invention a aussi pour objet le procédé de fabrication de ces peaux composites par moulage. Art antérieur :The invention also relates to the process for manufacturing these composite skins by molding. Prior art:
II est connu dans le domaine technique de fabrication des tableaux de bord de véhicule automobile, d'utiliser les peaux de ceux-ci réalisées classiquement notamment par la technique de moulage par écoulement de poudre sur moule chaud, soit par rotomoulage, soit par « slush-moulding » ou embouage. Ces tableaux de bord comprennent en général une "peau" externe imitation cuir qui donne l'aspect extérieur (en particulier la couleur, le motif, l'aspect au toucher) ; classiquement les principaux matériaux utilisés sont les résines thermoplastiques de polychlorure de vinyle (PVC), les polyuréthanes thermoplastiques (TPU), les polyoléfines thermoplastiques(TPO), et les polyuréthanes (PU). Un matériau à base de mousse, en général en polyuréthane ou en PVC expansé, est utilisé en sous-couche pour apporter des propriétés de souplesse et d'isolation phonique et thermique.It is known in the technical field of manufacture of the dashboard of a motor vehicle, to use the skins thereof conventionally made in particular by the hot-powder powder flow molding technique, either by rotational molding or by "slush -moulding "or slugging. These dashboards generally include an external "skin" imitation leather that gives the appearance (especially the color, the pattern, the appearance to the touch); typically the main materials used are thermoplastic resins of polyvinyl chloride (PVC), thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPU), thermoplastic polyolefins (TPO), and polyurethanes (PU). A foam-based material, usually made of polyurethane or expanded PVC, is used as a sub-layer to provide flexibility properties and sound and thermal insulation.
La peau externe est soumise aux agressions extérieures : rayures, rayonnement UV, température, solvants, etc. Dans certains cas, une "peau" composite (multicouches) peut être réalisée pour apporter des propriétés particulières d'aspect, en particulier: décoration, couleur, toucher ou de résistance au vieillissement, ou à l'abrasion.The outer skin is subjected to external aggressions: scratches, UV radiation, temperature, solvents, etc. In some cases, a "skin" composite (multilayer) can be made to provide particular properties of appearance, in particular: decoration, color, touch or resistance to aging, or abrasion.
Il existe plusieurs technologies pour réaliser des peaux composites : a) le "double slush-moulding", permettant la superposition de deux couches en résine thermoplastique de polychlorure de vinyle (PVC) de nature différente, pour réaliser une peau composite; ce procédé est décrit en particulier dans le document WO 02/094610 au nom de la demanderesse, qui décrit l'obtention d'une peau composite comprenant une couche ductile et une couche fragile, pour partie d'habitacle pour airbag intégré. b) l'application d'au moins une couche de revêtement: - sur la peau finie,There are several technologies for making composite skins: a) "double slush-molding", allowing the superposition of two layers of thermoplastic resin of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) of different nature, to achieve a composite skin; this process is described in particular in the WO document 02/094610 in the name of the applicant, which describes the obtaining of a composite skin comprising a ductile layer and a fragile layer, part of cabin for integrated airbag. b) the application of at least one coating layer: on the finished skin,
- sur la surface d'un moule, dans une pré-étape de fabrication d'une peau. Il existe en particulier deux procédés, dont l'un appelé « in mold painting » ou « in mold pigmentation » ( IMP) (peinture dans le moule), tel que décrit dans le document EP 0912 312 de la demanderesse ; ce procédé comprend les étapes suivantes : i) dépose sur la surface d'un moule d'une composition A comprenant au moins un plastifiant et éventuellement un ou plusieurs agents modifiants, tels que des pigments de coloration, des paillettes décoratives ou une résine thermoplastique du type PVC, ii) dépose ensuite d'une composition B comprenant une résine thermoplastique telle que du PVC, iii) chauffage du moule.- on the surface of a mold, in a pre-stage of manufacture of a skin. In particular, there are two methods, one of which is called "in-mold painting" or "in-mold pigmentation" (IMP), as described in EP 0912 312 of the Applicant; this process comprises the following steps: i) depositing on the surface of a mold a composition A comprising at least one plasticizer and optionally one or more modifying agents, such as coloring pigments, decorative flakes or a thermoplastic resin of PVC type, ii) then deposits a composition B comprising a thermoplastic resin such as PVC, iii) heating the mold.
Le deuxième procédé, appelé « In Mold Coating »( IMC) (enduction dans le moule), est décrit dans son principe dans le document WO 2004/060627, ainsi que dans US 6 656 596 ; ce dernier document concerne l'obtention d'un panneau pour intérieur d'automobile, ayant une structure multicouches obtenue par dépose dans un moule successivement d'un revêtement ou enduction comprenant une dispersion aqueuse ou dans un solvant d'un polyuréthane, d'un colorant et d'un agent de réticulation, et d'une couche contenant du polychlorure de vinyle (PVC) et au moins un plastifiant par le procédé « slush-moulding ». Dans le cas de l'utilisation du revêtement en polyuréthane, un problème essentiel qui se pose est celui de la migration des plastifiants contenus dans la couche de PVC à travers le revêtement, entraînant leur exsudation qui donne un toucher gras à la surface extérieure de la peau et un aspect inesthétique, en particulier pour les planches de bord de véhicules automobiles; un autre problème rencontré peut être l'incompatibilité entre les divers additifs, tels qu'en particulier les plastifiants, utilisés dans la couche de PVC et dans le revêtement. Un autre problème rencontré est la migration des aminés du polyuréthane dans la couche de PVC. Pour limiter la migration dans les polyuréthanes, on peut augmenter la réticulation mais alors on diminue les propriétés aux basses températures. Les plastifiants usuels utilisés sont choisis parmi les esters formés à partir d'alcools supérieurs (typiquement en Cs à C13) et d'acides organiques tels que notamment des acides aromatiques comme l'acide trimellitique pour donner des trimellitates (par exemple le trimellitαte d'octyle- TMO), l'acide phtalique pour donner des phtalates (par exemple le dibutyl phtalate-DBP, le dioctyl phtalate-DOP, le diundécyl phtalate-DUP, le ditridecyl phtalate-DTDP) ou l'acide benzoïque (benzoates); d'autres acides tels que notamment l'acide adipique (le dioctyl adipate-DOA, le diisodécyl adipate-DIDA, le ditridecyl adipate (DTDA), l'acide oléique (le butyl oleate), l'acide sébacique (le dioctyl sebaçate-DOS, le di isodécyl sébaçate-DIDS), l'acide azelique (le dioctyl azelate-DOZ), l'acide citrique (citrates), l'acide phosphorique (phosphates), sont également utilisés.The second method, called "In Mold Coating" (IMC), is described in principle in WO 2004/060627, as well as in US 6,656,596; the latter document relates to obtaining a panel for automobile interior, having a multilayer structure obtained by depositing in a mold successively a coating or coating comprising an aqueous dispersion or in a solvent of a polyurethane, a dye and a crosslinking agent, and a layer containing polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and at least one plasticizer by the "slush-molding" process. In the case of using the polyurethane coating, a key problem that arises is the migration of the plasticizers contained in the PVC layer through the coating, resulting in their exudation which gives a greasy feel to the outer surface of the coating. skin and an unsightly appearance, especially for dashboards of motor vehicles; another problem encountered may be the incompatibility between the various additives, such as plasticizers in particular, used in the PVC layer and in the coating. Another problem encountered is the migration of amines from the polyurethane into the PVC layer. To limit the migration in the polyurethanes, the crosslinking can be increased but then the properties are reduced at low temperatures. The usual plasticizers used are chosen from esters formed from higher (typically C.sub.1-C.sub.13) alcohols and from organic acids such as in particular aromatic acids such as trimellitic acid to give trimellitates (for example octyl-TMO trimellitate), phthalic acid to give phthalates (for example dibutyl phthalate-DBP, dioctyl phthalate-DOP, diundecyl phthalate-DUP, ditridecyl phthalate-DTDP) or benzoic acid (benzoates); other acids such as in particular adipic acid (dioctyl adipate-DOA, diisodecyl adipate-DIDA, ditridecyl adipate (DTDA), oleic acid (butyl oleate), sebacic acid (dioctyl sebacate), DOS, diisodecyl sebacate-DIDS), azelic acid (dioctyl azelate-DOZ), citric acid (citrates), phosphoric acid (phosphates), are also used.
De plus, les peaux multicouches ainsi obtenues respectent le cahier des charges des constructeurs de véhicules automobiles, en particulier les exigences en matière d'ouverture d'airbag intégré ou non, c'est-à-dire l'ouverture en un laps de temps très court sans projection de particules pour des températures classiquement comprises entre -40 0C et + 80 0C.In addition, the multilayer skins thus obtained comply with the specifications of motor vehicle manufacturers, in particular the requirements for the opening of integrated airbag or not, that is to say the opening in a period of time very short without projection of particles for temperatures conventionally between -40 0 C and + 80 0 C.
L'invention apporte une solution à ces problèmes par l'optimisation du choix du plastifiant ou du mélange de plusieurs plastifiants utilisés dans la composition à base de résines thermoplastiques de polychlorure de vinyle (PVC), constituant la couche intermédiaire d'une peau composite, comprenant aussi un revêtement extérieur (enduction) en contact direct avec l'une des faces de ladite couche à base de PVC plastifié; cette optimisation, en supprimant la migration des plastifiants entre la couche de PVC et le revêtement extérieur, améliore leur compatibilité et permet la production de pièces ou parties d'habitacle de véhicules automobiles, d'aspect et ayant des propriétés mécaniques conformes aux cahiers des charges des constructeurs.The invention provides a solution to these problems by optimizing the choice of the plasticizer or the mixture of several plasticizers used in the composition based on thermoplastic resins of polyvinyl chloride (PVC), constituting the intermediate layer of a composite skin, also comprising an outer coating (coating) in direct contact with one of the faces of said plasticized PVC-based layer; this optimization, by eliminating the migration of plasticizers between the PVC layer and the outer coating, improves their compatibility and allows the production of parts or parts of passenger compartment of motor vehicles, of appearance and having mechanical properties in accordance with the specifications builders.
L'invention concerne une composition à base de résines thermoplastiques de polychlorure de vinyle (PVC) plastifiées, pour la réalisation d'une couche d'une peau ou structure composite, cette couche étant pourvue sur sa face externe d'un revêtement, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend, exprimé en pour cent en poids:The invention relates to a composition based on plasticized polyvinyl chloride (PVC) thermoplastic resins, for producing a layer of a skin or composite structure, this layer being provided on its outer face with a coating, characterized in that what she understands, expressed in percent by weight:
- de 40 à 60 % d'une ou plusieurs résines de PVC de Kwert compris entre 50 et 80,from 40 to 60% of one or more Kwert PVC resins of between 50 and 80,
- de 30 à 50 % d'un ou plusieurs types de plastifiants, dont au moins un est de nature polymérique ou est un plastifiant monomérique lourd,from 30 to 50% of one or more types of plasticisers, of which at least one is of polymeric nature or is a heavy monomeric plasticizer,
- de 1 à 20 % d'additifs, tels que des pigments ou charges, des stabilisants, des anti- oxydants, des additifs de mise en oeuvre et des lubrifiants.from 1 to 20% of additives, such as pigments or fillers, stabilizers, antioxidants, processing additives and lubricants.
Selon un mode de réalisation, la teneur en plastifiant polymérique ou monomérique lourd est supérieure à 10% en poids par rapport à la quantité totale des plastifiants.According to one embodiment, the content of polymeric plasticizer or heavy monomer is greater than 10% by weight relative to the total amount of plasticizers.
Selon un mode de réalisation, le rapport en poids des plastifiants et de la résine est d'au moins 60/100.According to one embodiment, the weight ratio of the plasticizers and the resin is at least 60/100.
Selon un mode de réalisation, le ou les plastifiant(s) polymérique(s) est(sont) choisi(s) en particulier parmi les polyphtalates et les polyadipates. Selon un mode de réalisation, d'autres plastifiants sont ajoutés dans la composition, choisis parmi le groupe des azélates, trimellitates, sébaçates, adipates, phtalates, citratec, benzoates, ta Ha tes, glutarates, fumarates, maléates, oléates, palmitates et acétates. Selon un mode de réalisation avantageux, le ou les plastifiant(s) monomérique(s) lourd (s) a (ont) une masse moléculaire en poids d'au moins 350.According to one embodiment, the polymeric plasticizer (s) is (are) chosen (s) in particular from polyphthalates and polyadipates. According to one embodiment, other plasticizers are added in the composition, chosen from the group of azelates, trimellitates, sebacates, adipates, phthalates, citratec, benzoates, tahees, glutarates, fumarates, maleates, oleates, palmitates and acetates. . According to an advantageous embodiment, the monomer (s) monomer (s) heavy (s) has (have) a molecular weight by weight of at least 350.
Parmi les plastifiants monomériques lourds sont particulièrement utilisés le ditridécyl adipate (DTDA) et le diisodécyl sébaçate (DIDS).Among the heavy monomeric plasticizers are particularly used ditridecyl adipate (DTDA) and diisodecyl sebacate (DIDS).
La composition selon l'invention concerne également des mélanges de plastifiant(s) polymérique(s) et de plastifiant(s) monomérique(s) lourd, tels que décrits ci- dessus, dans des proportions très larges.The composition according to the invention also relates to mixtures of polymeric plasticizer (s) and heavy monomeric plasticizer (s), as described above, in very large proportions.
Selon un mode de réalisation, la résine thermoplastique est du polychlorure de vinyle (PVC) obtenu par un procédé en suspension ou en micro-suspension, mais du PVC fabriqué en émulsion ou en masse peut aussi être utilisé. Selon un mode de réalisation, la résine thermoplastique comprend un mélange de polychlorure de vinyle (PVC) et d'un polymère compatible choisi parmi les copolymères ou terpolymères chlorure de vinyle et acétate de vinyle (VC/VA) ou chlorure de vinyle et dérivé acrylique (VC/DA), les polyuréthanes thermoplastiques (TPU), les polyétheresters thermoplastiques, les copolymères éthylène/monomère vinylique (EVA), les terpolymères éthylène/ monomère vinylique/carbonyle, les élastomères acryliques processables à l'état fondu, les copolymères à blocs polyamide et à blocs polyéther ou polyétherblockamides, les polyéthylènes chlorés ou chlorosulfonés, les polymères éthylène/(méth)acrylate d'alkyle ou acide (méth)acrylique fonctionnalisés ou non, les polymères core-shell type MBS, les terpolymères bloc SBM, le PVDF et les résines polyamides en poudre .According to one embodiment, the thermoplastic resin is polyvinyl chloride (PVC) obtained by a suspension or micro-suspension process, but emulsion or bulk PVC can also be used. According to one embodiment, the thermoplastic resin comprises a mixture of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and a compatible polymer chosen from copolymers or terpolymers vinyl chloride and vinyl acetate (VC / VA) or vinyl chloride and acrylic derivative (VC / DA), thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPU), thermoplastic polyetheresters, ethylene / vinyl monomer (EVA) copolymers, ethylene / vinyl monomer / carbonyl terpolymers, melt processable acrylic elastomers, block copolymers polyamide and polyether blocks or polyetherblockamides, chlorinated or chlorosulphonated polyethylenes, ethylene / alkyl (meth) acrylate polymers or functionalized or unmethylated (meth) acrylic acid, MBS core-shell polymers, SBM block terpolymers, PVDF and polyamide resins powder.
Un exemple de copolymère VC/VA est Lacovyl® de Arkema, un exemple de copolymère VC/DA est Vinnolit® de Vinnolit, un exemple de TPU est Estane® de Goodrich, un exemple de polyétherester thermoplastique est Hytrel® de DuPont, un exemple de polyétherblockamide est Pebax® de Arkema, un exemple d' EVA est Evatane® d 'Arkema, un exemple de terpolymère éthylène/ monomère vinylique/carbonyle est Elvaloy® de DuPont, des exemples de polymères éthylène/(méth)acrylate d'alkyle ou acide (méth)acrylique fonctionnalisés ou non sont Lotryl®, Lotader® et Orevac® de Arkema, un exemple de polyéthylènes chlorés ou chlorosulfonés est Tyrin® de DuPont, un exemple d'élastomère acrylique processable à l'état fondu est Alcryn® de Apa, un exemple de résines polyamides en poudre est Orgasol® de Arkema. Ces polymères compatibles avec le PVC, dits « alliés », présentent de bonnes propriétés à froid, et sont susceptibles de conférer une fragilité appropriée aux couches ainsi obtenues.An example of VC / VA copolymer is Lacovyl® from Arkema, an example of VC / DA copolymer is Vinnolit® from Vinnolit, an example of TPU is Goodrich's Estane®, an example of thermoplastic polyetherester is DuPont's Hytrel®, an example of polyetherblockamide is Pebax® from Arkema, an example of EVA is Evatane® from Arkema, an example of ethylene / vinyl monomer / carbonyl terpolymer is Elvaloy® from DuPont, examples of ethylene / alkyl (meth) acrylate or acidic polymers (Meth) acrylic functionalized or otherwise are Lotryl®, Lotader® and Orevac® from Arkema, an example of chlorinated or chlorosulfonated polyethylenes is DuPont's Tyrin®, an example of a processable acrylic elastomer in the molten state is Alcryn® from Apa, an example of polyamide powder resins is Orgasol® from Arkema. These polymers compatible with PVC, called "allies", have good cold properties, and are likely to confer a suitable brittleness to the layers thus obtained.
Selon un mode de réalisation préférentiel, les additifs ajoutés dans la composition sont choisis parmi les pigments ou charges, les lubrifiants, les stabilisants UV, les stabilisants thermiques, les additifs de mise en oeuvre et les anti-oxydants, à des taux compris entre 3 et 10 % en poids par rapport à la composition.According to a preferred embodiment, the additives added to the composition are chosen from pigments or fillers, lubricants, UV stabilizers, thermal stabilizers, processing additives and antioxidants, at levels of between and 10% by weight of the composition.
L'invention a aussi pour objet l'utilisation de la composition selon l'invention, pour l'obtention d'une couche de peau ou structure composite, pour les parties d'habitacle de véhicules automobiles, notamment les planches de bord équipées d'airbags, la surface externe de ladite couche étant enduite d'un revêtement choisi parmi les compositions à base de résine époxy, de résine polyuréthane, de PVC ou de résines acryliques.The subject of the invention is also the use of the composition according to the invention, for obtaining a layer of skin or composite structure, for the passenger compartment parts of motor vehicles, in particular instrument panels equipped with airbags, the outer surface of said layer being coated with a coating selected from compositions based on epoxy resin, polyurethane resin, PVC or acrylic resins.
L'invention a aussi pour objet un procédé de préparation d'une peau composite pour partie d'habitacle de véhicule automobile, conforme à l'invention, caractérisé en ce que dans une première étape le revêtement est déposé dans un moule, et que dans une deuxième étape la couche obtenue à partir de la composition selon l'invention, est réalisée par "slush-moulding".The subject of the invention is also a process for preparing a composite skin for a passenger compartment of a motor vehicle, according to the invention, characterized in that in a first step the coating is deposited in a mold, and that in a second step the layer obtained from the composition according to the invention is produced by "slush-molding".
Les dispositifs utilisés pour mettre en ce uvre un tel procédé de "slush-moulding" sont bien connus de l'homme du métier et utilisent en particulier les systèmes de chauffage à air, huile ou sable.The devices used to implement such a process of "slush-molding" are well known to those skilled in the art and use in particular air heating systems, oil or sand.
Selon un mode de réalisation préféré, la peau composite se compose successivement de l'extérieur (surface apparente dans l'habitacle) vers l'intérieur:According to a preferred embodiment, the composite skin is successively composed from the outside (apparent surface in the passenger compartment) inwards:
- d'un revêtement ayant une épaisseur comprise entre 10 et 500 microns, préférentiellement entre 50 et 150 microns,a coating having a thickness of between 10 and 500 microns, preferably between 50 and 150 microns,
- d'une couche en PVC ayant une épaisseur totale comprise entre 0,5 et 2 mm, préférentiellement entre 0,9 et 1 ,2 mm,a PVC layer having a total thickness of between 0.5 and 2 mm, preferably between 0.9 and 1.2 mm,
- d'une couche interne(support) en mousse ayant une épaisseur comprise entre 0,5 et 10 mm, préférentiellement entre 0,9 et 6 mm. Le revêtement peut être réalisé à partir de compositions de polyuréthane, à base aqueuse ou solvant, mais peut aussi être à base de résines PVC plastifiées; il est appliqué par toute technique connue, en particulier par pulvérisation (Airmix ou Airless).- An inner layer (support) foam having a thickness between 0.5 and 10 mm, preferably between 0.9 and 6 mm. The coating can be made from polyurethane compositions, water-based or solvent, but can also be based on plasticized PVC resins; it is applied by any known technique, in particular by spraying (Airmix or Airless).
S'agissant des plastifiants polymériques utilisés, on entend par là les produits de réaction et de condensation d'un diacide carboxylique (en particulier acide phtalique, adipique, sébaçique...) avec un diol (éthylène glycol, propylène glycol, butane diol, hexane diol...) ou d'un mélange de différents diacides carboxyliques avec un ou plusieurs diols Lorsque ces molécules ont réagi, la propagation de chaîne peut être stoppée par l'utilisation d'acides carboxyliques ou d'alcools monofonctionnels.As regards the polymeric plasticizers used, the reaction and condensation products of a dicarboxylic acid (in particular phthalic, adipic, sebasic acid, etc.) with a diol (ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, butane diol, hexane diol ...) or a mixture of different dicarboxylic acids with one or more diols When these molecules have reacted, the chain propagation can be stopped by the use of carboxylic acids or monofunctional alcohols.
Ces plastifiants polymériques qui sont de préférence choisis parmi les polyphtalates et les polyadipates, se caractérisent par une viscosité comprise dans une gamme allant de 100 à 8000 mPa.s à 25°C (mesurée selon méthode ASTM D 445).These polymeric plasticizers, which are preferably chosen from polyphthalates and polyadipates, are characterized by a viscosity ranging from 100 to 8000 mPa.s at 25 ° C. (measured according to the ASTM D 445 method).
La composition de la couche en PVC doit parfaitement adhérer au revêtement et à la couche de mousse. 1 ) EXEMPLES DE RÉALISATION DE COMPOSITIONS SELON L'INVENTION :The composition of the PVC layer must adhere perfectly to the coating and the foam layer. EXAMPLES OF REALIZATION OF COMPOSITIONS ACCORDING TO THE INVENTION
On prépare les compositions suivantes A d F avec des résines de PVC de Kwert 70 et avec différents plastifiants monomères (ou monomériques) tels que le trioctyl trimélittate (TOTM), le diundécyl phtalate (DUP), le ditridécyl adipate(DTDA) et le diisodécyl sébaçate (DIDS), et/ou des plastifiants polymériques tels que des polyadipates .The following compositions are prepared with Kwert 70 PVC resins and with various monomeric (or monomeric) plasticizers such as trioctyl trimellate (TOTM), diundecyl phthalate (DUP), ditridecyl adipate (DTDA) and diisodecyl. sebacate (DIDS), and / or polymeric plasticisers such as polyadipates.
Les viscosités de ces plastifiants polymériques sont comprises entre 100 et 8000 mPa.s à 25°C (mesurées selon la méthode ASTM D 445).The viscosities of these polymeric plasticizers are between 100 and 8000 mPa.s at 25 ° C (measured according to the ASTM D 445 method).
D'autres additifs sont introduits, tels qu'un lubrifiant comme l'huile de soja époxydée (HSE), ainsi que des stabilisants UV, des stabilisants thermiques et des antioxydants.Other additives are introduced, such as a lubricant such as epoxidized soybean oil (HSE), as well as UV stabilizers, thermal stabilizers and antioxidants.
Les exemples A et B correspondent à des formules traditionnelles de l'état de la technique, non conformes à l'invention.Examples A and B correspond to traditional formulas of the state of the art, not in accordance with the invention.
L'exemple C montre l'intérêt d'introduire un plastifiant polymérique en mélange avec un plastifiant monomérique classique, sans toutefois être conforme à l'invention.Example C shows the advantage of introducing a polymeric plasticizer mixed with a conventional monomeric plasticizer, without however being in accordance with the invention.
Les exemples E et F montrent l'intérêt des plastifiants polymériques utilisés en mélange avec des plastifiants monomériques lourds. L'exemple D montre l'intérêt des plastifiants polymériques.Examples E and F show the interest of polymeric plasticisers used in admixture with heavy monomeric plasticizers. Example D shows the interest of polymeric plasticisers.
On prépare des échantillons de peaux de tableaux de bord à partir de ces compositions par le procédé de "slush moulding" (avec chauffage des moules par circuit d'huile) et on les soumet à différents essais expliqués ci-après.Sample dashboard skins from these compositions were prepared by the "slush molding" process and subjected to various tests explained below.
La migration des plastifiants est évaluée selon une méthode visuelle de quantification : après la production d'une peau , apparaît en surface plus ou moins rapidement et dans des quantités plus ou moins importantes un film gras (plus la migration est importante, plus il y a de signes -).The migration of the plasticisers is evaluated according to a visual method of quantification: after the production of a skin, appears on the surface more or less quickly and in more or less important quantities a fatty film (the more the migration is important, the more there is of signs -).
Le test de fragilité consiste en une mesure du choc à froid, selon la norme ASTM D 746-04. L'échantillon est plongé dans un bain d'alcool et de glace pendant 2 minutes, puis l'impact d'un marteau a lieu. Le test de gélificαtion est réalisé selon une méthode interne de détermination des temps de gélification, par utilisation d'une étuve thermostatée (type Métrastat ou Werner & Mathis) et par comparaison des formules entre elles.The brittleness test consists of a cold shock measurement according to ASTM D 746-04. The sample is immersed in a bath of alcohol and ice for 2 minutes, then the impact of a hammer takes place. The gelification test is carried out according to an internal method for determining the gel times, by using a thermostatted oven (type Metastat or Werner & Mathis) and by comparing the formulas with each other.
Les "rubans" de poudre ( épaisseur 1 mm) sont passés dans un four (température fixée : 2400C ou 2200C) et sont placés sur un plateau mobile : on obtient un gradient de temps le long de la plaque et on peut repérer le temps de début de gélification à cette température.The "ribbons" of powder (thickness 1 mm) are passed through an oven (fixed temperature: 240 ° C. or 220 ° C.) and are placed on a moving plate: a time gradient is obtained along the plate and it is possible to locate the gel start time at this temperature.
On peut ainsi comparer plusieurs produits en même temps. Le signe + signifie que l'échantillon est meilleur que le témoin. Le signe - signifie que l'échantillon est moins bon que le témoinOne can thus compare several products at the same time. The + sign means that the sample is better than the control. The sign - means that the sample is not as good as the witness
Ce test de gélification traduit la facilité de mise en ce uvre des poudres obtenues à partir des compositions, chez les transformateurs qui produisent les peaux composites.This gelling test reflects the ease of implementation of the powders obtained from the compositions, in the processors that produce the composite skins.
La préparation des compositions selon l'invention se fait sur des installations classiques avec introduction des additifs soit en cuve haute (chaude), soit en cuve basse (froide), avec obtention finale de poudres.The preparation of the compositions according to the invention is carried out on conventional installations with the introduction of additives either in the upper (hot) tank or in the lower (cold) tank, with final production of powders.
Les propriétés des différentes compositions réalisées sont rassemblées dans le tableau 1 ci-dessous :The properties of the various compositions produced are summarized in Table 1 below:
TABLEAU 1TABLE 1
On constate que les formulations D et F sont les meilleurs en résistance à la migration. 2) EXEMPLES DE COMPOSITIONS A BASE DE RÉSINE PVC DE DIFFÉRENTS KWERT :It is found that the formulations D and F are the best in resistance to migration. 2) EXAMPLES OF COMPOSITIONS BASED ON PVC RESIN FROM DIFFERENT KWERT:
Des compositions avec différentes résines PVC de Kwert allant de 66 à 80 ont été préparées selon les formules suivantes, dans la tableau 2 ci-dessous :Compositions with different Kwert PVC resins ranging from 66 to 80 were prepared according to the following formulas, in Table 2 below:
TABLEAU 2TABLE 2
On ne constate pas d'influence sensible sur la migration. There is no significant influence on migration.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Composition à base de résines thermoplastiques de polychlorure de vinyle (PVC) plastifiées, pour la réalisation d'une couche d'une peau ou structure composite, cette couche étant pourvue sur sa face externe d'un revêtement, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend, exprimé en pour cent en poids :1. Composition based on plasticized polyvinyl chloride (PVC) thermoplastic resins, for producing a layer of a skin or composite structure, this layer being provided on its outer face with a coating, characterized in that it includes, expressed in percent by weight:
- de 40 à 60 % d'une ou plusieurs résines de PVC de Kwert compris entre 50 et 80,from 40 to 60% of one or more Kwert PVC resins of between 50 and 80,
- de 30 à 50 % d'un ou plusieurs types de plastifiants, dont au moins un est de nature polymérique, ou est un plastifiant monomérique lourd, - de 1 à 20 % d'additifs, tels que des pigments ou charges, des stabilisants, des antioxydants, des additifs de mise en oeuvre et des lubrifiants.from 30 to 50% of one or more types of plasticizers, of which at least one is of polymeric nature, or is a heavy monomeric plasticizer, from 1 to 20% of additives, such as pigments or fillers, stabilizers antioxidants, processing additives and lubricants.
2. Composition selon la revendication 1 , caractérisée en ce que la teneur en plastifiant polymérique et/ou monomérique lourd, est supérieure à 10% en poids par rapport à la quantité totale des plastifiants.2. Composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the content of polymeric plasticizer and / or heavy monomer, is greater than 10% by weight relative to the total amount of plasticizers.
3. Composition selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que le rapport en poids des plastifiants et de la résine est d'au moins 60/100.3. Composition according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the weight ratio of the plasticizers and the resin is at least 60/100.
4. Composition selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée en ce que le ou les plastifiant(s) polymérique(s) est(sont) choisi(s) en particulier parmi les polyphtalates et les polyadipates.4. Composition according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the polymeric plasticizer (s) is (are) chosen (s) in particular from polyphthalates and polyadipates.
5. Composition selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisée en ce que d'autres plastifiants sont ajoutés, choisis parmi le groupe des azélates, trimellitates, sébaçates, adipates, phtalates, citrates, benzoates, tallates, glutarates, fumarates, maléates, oléates, palmitates et acétates.5. Composition according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that other plasticizers are added, selected from the group of azelates, trimellitates, sebacates, adipates, phthalates, citrates, benzoates, tallates, glutarates, fumarates, maleates. , oleates, palmitates and acetates.
6. Composition selon l'une des revendications 2 à 5, caractérisée en ce que le ou les plastifiant(s) monomérique(s) lourd(s) a(ont) une masse moléculaire en poids d'au moins 350.6. Composition according to one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the monomer (s) monomer (s) heavy (s) has (have) a weight average molecular weight of at least 350.
7. Composition selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que la résine thermoplastique est du polychlorure de vinyle (PVC) obtenu par un procédé en suspension ou en masse. 7. Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the thermoplastic resin is polyvinyl chloride (PVC) obtained by a method in suspension or in bulk.
8. Composition selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que la résine thermoplastique comprend un mélange de polychlorure de vinyle (PVC) et d'un polymère compatible choisi parmi les copolymères ou terpolymères chlorure de vinyle et acétate de vinyle (VC/VA) ou chlorure de vinyle et dérivé acrylique (VC/DA), les polyuréthanes thermoplastiques (TPU), les polyétheresters thermoplastiques, les copolymères éthylène/monomère vinylique (EVA), les terpolymères éthylène/ monomère vinylique/carbonyle, les élastomères acryliques processables à l'état fondu, les copolymères à blocs polyamide et à blocs polyéther ou polyétherblockamides, les polyéthylènes chlorés ou chlorosulfonés, les polymères éthylène/(méth)acrylate d'alkyle ou acide (méth)acrylique fonctionnalisés ou non , les polymères core-shell type MBS, les terpolymères bloc SBM, le PVDF et les résines polyamides en poudre .8. Composition according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the thermoplastic resin comprises a mixture of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and a compatible polymer selected from copolymers or terpolymers vinyl chloride and vinyl acetate (VC / VA) or vinyl chloride and acrylic derivative (VC / DA), thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPU), thermoplastic polyetheresters, ethylene / vinyl monomer (EVA) copolymers, ethylene / vinyl monomer / carbonyl terpolymers, acrylic processable elastomers the molten state, polyamide and polyether block copolymers or polyetherblockamides, chlorinated or chlorosulfonated polyethylenes, functionalized or non-functionalized ethylene / alkyl (meth) acrylate or acid (meth) acrylic polymers, core-shell type polymers MBS, SBM block terpolymers, PVDF and polyamide powder resins.
9. Composition selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que les additifs ajoutés sont choisis parmi les pigments ou charges, les lubrifiants, les stabilisants UV, les stabilisants thermiques, les additifs de mise en ce uvre et les antioxydants, à des taux compris entre 3 et 10 % en poids par rapport à la composition.9. Composition according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the added additives are chosen from pigments or fillers, lubricants, UV stabilizers, heat stabilizers, processing additives and antioxidants, at least once a day. rate of between 3 and 10% by weight relative to the composition.
10. Utilisation de la composition selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, pour l'obtention d'une couche de peau ou structure composite, pour les parties d'habitacle de véhicules automobiles, notamment les planches de bord équipées d'airbags, la surface externe de ladite couche étant enduite d'un revêtement choisi parmi les compositions à base de résine époxy, de résine polyuréthane, de PVC ou de résines acryliques.10. Use of the composition according to any one of the preceding claims, for obtaining a layer of skin or composite structure, for the passenger compartment parts of motor vehicles, including dashboards equipped with airbags, the outer surface of said layer being coated with a coating selected from compositions based on epoxy resin, polyurethane resin, PVC or acrylic resins.
1 1. Procédé de préparation d'une peau composite pour partie d'habitacle de véhicule automobile, selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que dans une première étape le revêtement est déposé dans un moule, et que dans une deuxième étape la couche obtenue à partir de la composition selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9, est réalisée par "slush-moulding". 1 1. A method for preparing a composite skin for a motor vehicle passenger compartment part, according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in a first step the coating is deposited in a mold, and that in a second step the layer obtained from the composition according to one of claims 1 to 9, is produced by "slush-molding".
EP06841984A 2005-10-18 2006-10-17 Composition based on plasticized pvc thermoplastic resins for the production of composite skins for vehicle passenger compartment parts Withdrawn EP1937771A1 (en)

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FR2892124B1 (en) 2010-09-10
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US20090062454A1 (en) 2009-03-05
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