EP1937487A1 - Procede de realisation d'une impression et/ou personnalisation graphique infalsifiable sur un support et support obtenu - Google Patents
Procede de realisation d'une impression et/ou personnalisation graphique infalsifiable sur un support et support obtenuInfo
- Publication number
- EP1937487A1 EP1937487A1 EP06806944A EP06806944A EP1937487A1 EP 1937487 A1 EP1937487 A1 EP 1937487A1 EP 06806944 A EP06806944 A EP 06806944A EP 06806944 A EP06806944 A EP 06806944A EP 1937487 A1 EP1937487 A1 EP 1937487A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- seal
- support
- marking
- authentication
- official
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002845 discoloration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010330 laser marking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010437 gem Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007648 laser printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000859 sublimation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008022 sublimation Effects 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000017105 transposition Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
- B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
- B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
- B42D25/40—Manufacture
- B42D25/405—Marking
- B42D25/43—Marking by removal of material
- B42D25/435—Marking by removal of material using electromagnetic radiation, e.g. laser
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
- B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
- B41M5/26—Thermography ; Marking by high energetic means, e.g. laser otherwise than by burning, and characterised by the material used
- B41M5/267—Marking of plastic artifacts, e.g. with laser
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
- B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
- B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
- B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
- B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
- B42D25/20—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof characterised by a particular use or purpose
- B42D25/23—Identity cards
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
- B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
- B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
- B42D25/20—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof characterised by a particular use or purpose
- B42D25/24—Passports
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
- B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
- B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
- B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
- B42D25/324—Reliefs
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
- B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
- B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
- B42D25/40—Manufacture
- B42D25/405—Marking
- B42D25/41—Marking using electromagnetic radiation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
- B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
- B44C1/00—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects
- B44C1/005—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects by altering locally the surface material
-
- B42D2033/04—
-
- B42D2033/18—
-
- B42D2033/24—
-
- B42D2035/02—
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of 1 authentication of a support or part of support with the aid of an official seal.
- It relates more particularly to a method of producing a printing and / or personalization infalsifiable graphics on a support by electromagnetic beam including laser.
- the supports preferably targeted by the invention are plastic cards, including electronic chip, such as identity cards, driving licenses, personal badges, passports, loyalty cards, health cards, banking, multi-application.
- the stamp usually has an embossed outer surface reproducing an official pattern called a seal and whose image is transposed onto the object.
- the transposition is carried out by pressure to deform and / or print an ink on the surface of the object or support.
- a fraud consists in reproducing the seal by molding the imprint left by the seal on the support.
- the making of the seal is generally done at places and / or at times distinct from those of the printing and / or graphic personalization, which may leave a door open to opportunities for fraud between the different places and / or the moments concerned.
- the invention has for first objective to propose a method of certification / authentication of a support by official seal which is more difficult to falsify.
- the second object of the invention is to propose a method of certification / authentication of a printing and / or graphic personalization by electromagnetic beam, in particular laser, on a support which no longer offers any possibilities of fraud.
- the subject of the invention is a method for producing printing and / or personalization unfalsifiable graph on a support by electromagnetic beam.
- It is distinguished in that it comprises the following steps of: - supply of at least one official marking seal capable of deflecting and / or deforming the electromagnetic beam, making the printing and / or personalization of the support to the using the electromagnetic beam deflected and / or deformed by the official seal of marking.
- the printing and / or graphic customization consists of an image of the seal itself; the printing and / or graphic customization comprises at least one transformed part deflected and / or deformed by the official marking seal; the official marking seal has a surface having a relief defining an authentication pattern;
- the invention also relates to a medium comprising a printing and / or graphic customization; it is distinguished in that at least part of the printing and / or customization represents an official marking seal having shades and / or marking details at least 2 times thinner than electromagnetic beam marking points having a diameter equal to 20 microns.
- the invention also relates to an official seal of authentication marking for printing device and / or personalization with electromagnetic beam; the seal is distinguished in that it has a surface having a relief defining a pattern of authentication.
- FIG. 1 illustrates a schematic view of a personal identity card graphic personalization device according to a first embodiment of the method of the invention
- FIG. 2 illustrates a schematic view of a card obtained bearing an authentication mark
- Figure 3 illustrates a schematic view of a laser marking of the prior art
- FIG. 4 illustrates a detailed schematic view of a laser marking according to the first embodiment
- FIG. 5 illustrates a schematic view of a card graphical personalization device according to a second embodiment of the method of the invention
- FIGS. 6A and 6B respectively illustrate a schematic view of a detail of the marking obtained compared to the dimensions of a laser spot of the prior art
- FIG. 7 illustrates a partial schematic view of a marking seal used according to the first embodiment.
- a method for producing an imprintable authentication printing and / or personalization on a support 4 is implemented using an electromagnetic beam personalization device 1, in this case a laser beam.
- the device comprises a laser beam emitter 2 comprising in particular means for scanning and optical focusing of a beam 3.
- the beam is intended to irradiate a support 4 such as an identification card in order to print a photograph of the card holder.
- the impact of the laser beam on the surface of the support causes local discoloration notably under the effect of the thermal energy released (burning) or by reaction with pigments, reagents or any known sensitive component such as titanium oxide contained in the material in the vicinity of the surface of the support.
- the invention applies to any method of black and white or color marking by electromagnetic beam, preferably laser. It applies in particular to laser-type processes using a transparent coating sheet comprising laser-sensitive pigments or those using several superposed layers of different colored pigments.
- the method provides for providing or using at least one official marking seal 6.
- the marking seal of the invention is an authentication means capable of deflecting and / or deforming and / or dispersing an electromagnetic beam so as to mark characteristics that can be recognized and controlled.
- the seal comprises means for distributing or distributing a beam, for example a transparent body comprising a relief (recesses, ridges, grooves, etc.) with zones or arrangement of zones which, under the effect of a laser beam, produce a distribution. particular beam; characteristic or specific marks associated with each area of the relief or corresponding to a specific distribution or distribution of the beam on a surface are thus produced.
- the seal thus makes it possible to produce a unique footprint representative of the seal by a laser beam passing in particular through the seal or reflecting on it.
- This distribution or distribution generally heterogeneous, irregular can be obtained by other means including one or more masks or filters electronic complexes as indicated at the end of the document, specifically combined in a given order or order according to the surface unit of the support considered or several surface units of the support to be irradiated.
- the seal preferably comprises or reproduces a set of means of deflection or distribution / distribution of beams / laser spots.
- the seal has on one of its surfaces, a set of geometric characteristics according to a given distribution. Each area of the relief can modify a laser spot in a specific way.
- the imprint of a seal results from the irradiation of a set of differently modified laser spots.
- Each surface unit of the irradiated support can therefore have at the level of the seal a graphic signature which results from the irradiation of one or more modified laser spots.
- the marked seal may reproduce an authentication pattern having geometric characteristics that are also difficult to falsify.
- the marked seal may result from the sum of deviations and / or deformations produced by two different seals arranged randomly with respect to each other, in particular superimposed and parallel or being inclined relative to one another. 'other.
- their respective setting is recorded so as to mark the supports with the same characteristics.
- It can be transparent and present for example at the surface a relief representing an authentication pattern.
- a first seal 6 placed on the path of the beam has been made of transparent resin; it comprises irregular stripes in a given direction, while a second seal 7 disposed downstream of the path below the first, comprises stripes oriented in a direction perpendicular to the previous ones.
- the marking of the support is carried out using the electromagnetic beam after being deflected and / or deformed and / or dispersed by the seal.
- the laser beam passes through the first seal 6 undergoing slight deviations or dispersions when it encounters scratches; then it also crosses the second seal undergoing further diversions or dispersions.
- FIG. 2 A portrait depicting the customization is marked on the stand, with a marked seal partially encroaching on the portrait and a non-portrait surface on the card body.
- the portrait (5) has a portion (58) deformed resulting from a distorted image of the portrait by the two seals, accumulated with an image of the two marking seals.
- the respective scratches 6R and 7R of the seals appear accumulatively.
- An impression can be any image, for example decorative, logo etc. While a personalization can be for example a photograph, a fingerprint, an iris of the eye, any mark varies according to the person or entity associated.
- a linear scanning of the laser beam on the support in the direction of the arrow leaves a mark on a support consisting of a series of round dots 9 corresponding to a succession of shots or laser spots superimposed and corresponding to the diameter. the beam; each spot is actually a laser.
- FIG 4 there is interposed a simplified transparent seal 10 having a thickness discontinuity between a lower plane 11 and an upper plane 12 and a junction slope 13 between the planes.
- This seal is capable of producing at least three characteristic marks.
- intersection of the slope with the lower plane forms an edge delimited by a line 14 perpendicular to the plane of the figure.
- the right beam 3A produces points 9 'which are not deformed on the plane 11 and on the plane 12, while the edge 14 produces a very fine contour line 15 projected on the support along the path of the beam constituting a first characteristic mark. .
- the portion of 3D beam deflected by the slope produces a second mark M3D different round points 9 ', lighter or darker mark according to the marking method used (respectively coloration, discoloration or sublimation, removal of material)
- the seal footprint also has a third mark 16 which results from a combination of a right beam mark 9 'across the plane 12 and a 3D deviated beam mark M3D from the junction slope 13.
- mark 16 has a line corresponding to the projection of an edge 14A located at the junction of the slope and the upper plane 12.
- the lines 15 and 16 may have a much more pronounced fineness (for example less than 10 microns or even 1 micron) than the diameter of elementary points 9 allowed by the standard laser (for example 20 microns).
- Lines 15 and 16 have a much higher resolution (for example greater than 2000 DPI) than that allowed by the laser (for example 1000 DPI).
- a second mode of implementation of the method uses the same device 2 except for the official authentication means which are of a different design than the first marking seals 6, 7.
- marking comprise more or less reflective and / or absorbent surfaces so as to produce deflected reflection and / or attenuated according to the incidence of the beam, the materials used in the realization of the seals.
- the marking seals 26 and 27 comprise a reflective relief surface 29 respectively comprising a pattern of authentication in relief as in the marking seals 6 and 7.
- the seal 26 is arranged to receive the beam of the device 2 and return it to the seal 27.
- the beam thus undergoes two consecutive reflections and deformations being deformed or deflected by the scratches present on the reflection surfaces before to reach the support.
- Another difference with the first mode lies in the fact that the marking of the support is carried out only with a seal so as to authenticate the support itself.
- the image or the imprint of the seal 38 itself then constitutes an impression and / or graphic customization of the corresponding motif.
- This process makes it possible to authenticate the support itself such as an official paper, a passport sheet, a museum piece, a painting, jewels, leather, etc.
- Graphic personalization lasers used at least in the field of the smart card or identity presently have a beam of the order of 50 microns to 100 microns, the smallest of which may have a beam of the order of 20 microns.
- a seal 39 has been made by molding a coin in the same format but transparent material.
- the surface of the piece has surface irregularities, reliefs 40 forming an official pattern.
- a fingerprint obtained with a standard laser through this part has clearly shown on a PVC or PET plastic card holder lines or geometrical details of a width less than 0.1 microns.
- the means of authentication could be formed by other objects such as prisms, crystals, diffraction means, occultation, bubbles or internal particles, to obtain the same effect.
- the means of authentication of the device could be implemented in software and / or electronic form. They would include for example so-called electronic masks or seals or softwares, control programs acting in particular on focusing means, diaphragm, means of beam dispersal and / or attenuation of the intensity of the beam). These adapted means could act at the same time on the fineness, the dispersion and the shades according to a determined distribution programmed in advance and corresponding to a geometric pattern of seal.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Credit Cards Or The Like (AREA)
- Thermal Transfer Or Thermal Recording In General (AREA)
- Printing Methods (AREA)
- Pinball Game Machines (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR0553095A FR2891766A1 (fr) | 2005-10-11 | 2005-10-11 | Procede de realisation d'une impression et/ou personnalisation graphique infalsifiable sur un support et support obtenu |
| PCT/EP2006/067002 WO2007042429A1 (fr) | 2005-10-11 | 2006-10-03 | Procede de realisation d'une impression et/ou personnalisation graphique infalsifiable sur un support et support obtenu |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1937487A1 true EP1937487A1 (fr) | 2008-07-02 |
| EP1937487B1 EP1937487B1 (fr) | 2009-03-11 |
Family
ID=36297380
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP06806944A Not-in-force EP1937487B1 (fr) | 2005-10-11 | 2006-10-03 | Procede de realisation d'une impression et/ou personnalisation graphique infalsifiable sur un support et support obtenu |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20090146409A1 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP1937487B1 (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN101304884B (fr) |
| AT (1) | ATE425013T1 (fr) |
| BR (1) | BRPI0617310A2 (fr) |
| DE (1) | DE602006005695D1 (fr) |
| ES (1) | ES2324241T3 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR2891766A1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2007042429A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1876028A1 (fr) * | 2006-07-07 | 2008-01-09 | Setec Oy | Procédé de fabrication d'un support de données et support de données produit selon ce procédé |
| DE102009037626A1 (de) * | 2009-08-14 | 2011-02-17 | Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh | Sichere Kennzeichnung eines Produkts |
| US8272513B1 (en) * | 2012-05-29 | 2012-09-25 | Hero Arts Rubber Stamps, Inc. | Card and stamp set and package |
| FR3019074B1 (fr) * | 2014-04-01 | 2016-04-15 | Snecma | Procede de marquage en surface d'une piece mecanique par une representation graphique predefinie avec effet de type holographique |
| DE102015005083A1 (de) * | 2015-04-21 | 2016-10-27 | Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh | Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Sicherheitselementes mit Passer zwischen Druckelement und Wasserzeichen |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1580951A (en) * | 1977-03-01 | 1980-12-10 | Bank Of England | Security devices |
| AU4922485A (en) * | 1984-11-09 | 1986-05-15 | Canadian Patents And Development Limited | Optical interference authenticating device |
| DE4429110C2 (de) * | 1994-08-17 | 1997-06-12 | Orga Kartensysteme Gmbh | Laserbeschriftungsanlage für Ausweiskarten o. dgl. |
| US6246524B1 (en) * | 1998-07-13 | 2001-06-12 | Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd. | Beam homogenizer, laser irradiation apparatus, laser irradiation method, and method of manufacturing semiconductor device |
| DE19949542C2 (de) * | 1999-10-14 | 2002-07-11 | Orga Kartensysteme Gmbh | Verfahren zur Erzeugung von Mikroschrift auf Datenträgern, insbesondere Kunststoffkarten |
| DE10148759B8 (de) * | 2000-10-02 | 2005-06-30 | Laser 2000 Gmbh | Verfahren zur Erzeugung einer Lasergravur in eine Oberfläche eines Substrates |
| US6970236B1 (en) * | 2002-08-19 | 2005-11-29 | Jds Uniphase Corporation | Methods and systems for verification of interference devices |
-
2005
- 2005-10-11 FR FR0553095A patent/FR2891766A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
-
2006
- 2006-10-03 US US12/089,864 patent/US20090146409A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2006-10-03 AT AT06806944T patent/ATE425013T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2006-10-03 DE DE602006005695T patent/DE602006005695D1/de active Active
- 2006-10-03 WO PCT/EP2006/067002 patent/WO2007042429A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2006-10-03 EP EP06806944A patent/EP1937487B1/fr not_active Not-in-force
- 2006-10-03 CN CN2006800419343A patent/CN101304884B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-10-03 ES ES06806944T patent/ES2324241T3/es active Active
- 2006-10-03 BR BRPI0617310-1A patent/BRPI0617310A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2007042429A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20090146409A1 (en) | 2009-06-11 |
| CN101304884B (zh) | 2011-05-18 |
| DE602006005695D1 (de) | 2009-04-23 |
| EP1937487B1 (fr) | 2009-03-11 |
| ATE425013T1 (de) | 2009-03-15 |
| FR2891766A1 (fr) | 2007-04-13 |
| ES2324241T3 (es) | 2009-08-03 |
| WO2007042429A1 (fr) | 2007-04-19 |
| CN101304884A (zh) | 2008-11-12 |
| BRPI0617310A2 (pt) | 2011-05-10 |
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