EP1937451A1

EP1937451A1 - Method and device for efficiently producing smooth-surface profiled concrete blocks without mechanical compacting

Info

Publication number: EP1937451A1
Application number: EP05740605A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Andre Rode; Karl-Otto Gericke; Karl Heinz Wolfgang Graffius
Original assignee: Rode Betontechnologie
Current assignee: Rode Betontechnologie
Priority date: 2004-11-29
Filing date: 2005-04-09
Publication date: 2008-07-02
Also published as: WO2006056148A1

Abstract

The invention concerns a method and a device (1) for efficiently producing a concrete block (5) with a particular profile using a special process. Said device (1) is in particular characterized by a structural simplicity and the efficiency of the treatment method. The concrete blocks (5) to be produced are subjected as may be required to a particular drying method and surface treatment after the concrete has reached a predetermined age t<SUB>w</SUB>, by means of a surface brushing mechanism (7).

Description

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR EFFICIENT MANUFACTURE OF CONCRETE SHAPES WITH GLOSSY SURFACE WITHOUT MECHANICAL

COMPRESSION

The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for the efficient production of concrete blocks without mechanical compaction, in particular smooth-faced concrete blocks and a device with efficient processing stations and automatic tools for filling and demolding of the molds and for mechanical treatment of the surface of the concrete block.

Such devices and methods are known from DE 198 48 014 Al and DE 103 00 754 Al in the prior art. In the first document, a method for processing the surface of a concrete article, in particular a concrete paving stone is described in which the surface of paving stones is processed by a special coating method. Here, first, the surface of the paving stone is coated with a facing concrete, wherein for applying the facing concrete, a setting delay between the Form stone and the auxiliary agent layer is brought in order to delay the setting time between molded concrete and facing concrete and control. After a certain depth of penetration of the concrete, the surface of the concrete block thus formed is worked with a bursting device by brushing off the uppermost layer of the concrete block and recovering the brushed portion of the uppermost layer by suction and returning it to the concrete mixture.

A disadvantage of this method is that prior to the mechanical surface treatment of the concrete block different process steps are necessary to bring at least a portion of the surface of the concrete block in a machinable state that allows a mechanical brush processing. In addition, such devices for carrying the individual

Process steps relatively maintenance-intensive and thus prone to possible disturbances, so that the service life of the entire system can be affected. Further, due to the added additive for delaying the setting time, it may be problematic to reintroduce the recovered brushed constituents of the surface of the new mixture, since the chemical action of the residue of the additive can not be controlled.

Furthermore, DE 39 18 271 Al has become known in the prior art, which discloses a method for producing and treating concrete blocks. This document is a matrix of concrete blocks refer to the surface of which oscillating roller brushes are set to machine the surface or the edges of the concrete blocks with brushes, wherein the bristles of the brush on a cylindrical support are arranged, which is driven over the surface of the concrete block matrix rotating.

DE 103 00 754 A1 discloses a method for producing any shaped block of self-compacting concrete in which, although the mold into which the concrete is poured is intended to be waterproof and made of plastic, the surface of the inner walls of the mold and the rigidity of the mold is unspecified and thus unsuitable for continuous production of smooth-surfaced molded bricks.

The object of the present invention is therefore to provide a method and an apparatus for the efficient and cost-effective production of concrete blocks without mechanical compaction with a smooth surface.

This object is achieved with the characterizing features of the main claims.

The method according to the invention for the production of concrete blocks, in particular paving stones and paving slabs with or without a structured surface, is characterized by the following method steps: filling of a mold whose physical properties, such as the expansion coefficient of the inner surfaces is different from that of the concrete to be formed, by means of a dosing device, which is arranged above the at least one loose or fixed mounted on a flat surface form; and curing the self-compacting concrete under predetermined conditions; and forming the concrete block from the at least one Form, as well as supplying the at least one molding block of another processing or storage station.

According to the invention, the device for producing concrete blocks and their surface finishing with a predetermined composition of the concrete mixture with at least one flow agent and at least one conveyor belt, characterized by a construction of a metering device, under the at least one shape whose physical properties, such as the expansion coefficient of Inner surfaces of the mold is different from the coefficient of expansion of the concrete to be formed.

It is advantageous that the forms are arranged with smooth, concrete-repellent and non-absorbent inner surface on a flat surface, and the construction has a mold removal station, in which the concrete block is removed from the mold.

Advantageously, at least, the inner surfaces of the mold physical properties such as thermal expansion coefficient typically between (50-170} x 10 ^"6 / K, ball indentation hardness typically between (55-100) N / mm ² modulus of elasticity typically between (410 - 2010) N / mm ² , tensile strength typically between (35-80) N / mm ² , which, unlike those of the concrete mix or of the producing concrete, such as shrinkage during curing are typically between 0.1 - 0.5 mm / m or Coefficient of thermal expansion is typically between (0.75-1.4) × 10 ^-5 / K and not lower than a predetermined level A typical example of a plastic used in which the plastic molds gave excellent results is polypropylene with a modulus of elasticity between (1100 - 1300) N / mm ² , a ball compression hardness between 55 - 90 N / mm ² and a thermal expansion coefficient between (110 - 170) x 10 ^"δ / K. The heat resistance is typically about 80 - 90 ⁰ C and the ultrasonic absorption coefficient of the plastic used is very different and relatively large compared to the concrete used.

It is also advantageous to demold the molded block with the aid of ultrasound, wherein the ultrasound acts on both the From and the molded block.

It is advantageous that at least one inner surface of the mold is made of plastic.

It is advantageous in certain cases to ensure the rigidity of the molds, to produce the basic shape of steel, wood or similar rigid material and to seal the interior walls with plastic, e.g. Teflon, to coat.

It is also advantageous that at least one material silo for the mixing components of the concrete mixture is arranged above a first timed conveyor belt which feeds the mixing components to a concrete mixer.

It is also advantageous that supplied from the concrete mixer a metering a predetermined concrete mixture, which is dispensed volume controlled in at least one mold, the mold is advantageously made of plastic.

It is also advantageous that at least one second conveyor belt is provided for depositing the concrete-filled molds which are fed to the surface treatment mechanism. For the mechanical aftertreatment of at least part of the surface of the concrete block, it is advantageous that at least one motor is provided with at least one brush m a pendulum swing mechanism, which is driven by a second drive, such as a second motor. It is advantageous that the at least one brush has two directions of rotation and a pendulum oscillation durchfuhrt.

To carry out the pendulum oscillation, it is advantageous if the pendulum swing mechanism has at least one slot arm, which is connected to a base plate for attachment of the at least one brush motor.

It is advantageous that the pendulum frequency of the pendulum mechanism is between about 1 and 5 Hz.

Further, it is important and advantageous that below the Burstenmechanik a Auffangbehaltis is arranged, which collects the brushed residues from the surface of the concrete blocks and feeds a new mixture.

Advantageously, the metering device for filling the plastic molds is equipped with at least one metering tube, which is flush arranged at a certain angle to the horizontal plane on a full plate. It is advantageous for the present invention that the readily flowable concrete is not subjected to any mechanical compaction in the molds. Another advantage is that the concrete mixture is added a superplasticizer for self-compression.

It is also advantageous that the self-compacting concrete mixture is added via a metering a coloring substance in order to obtain certain surface effects, such as marbling or heraldic sign.

Furthermore, it is advantageous to supply the finished concrete mixture via a metering plastic molds, which are fixed or loose on a flat surface and thus can be easily removed from the mold with a Ruttelanlage.

A further advantage of the method according to the invention is that the curing process in which the concrete reaches the effective concrete age (t ") for further mechanical processing is approximately between 0.5 and 1 day, which corresponds to a relatively short period of time. The time until the effective concrete age (t _w ) is reached depends inter alia, in particular, on the ambient temperature and the composition of the concrete mixture.

After reaching the effective concrete age (t _w ) can be started with the mechanical processing, ie with the bursting process of a part of the surface of the concrete block. The processing time must be carried out in a time interval (Δt _w ), since only in this time interval, an effective intended and effective processing of the concrete block can be made.

It is also advantageous that the brushed concrete parts in a designated container below the brush be collected and the mixture is fed back as an additional component.

Other features essential to the invention can be found in the dependent claims.

In the following, the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to drawings in detail. It shows:

1 shows a schematic plan view of a part of the device (1) according to the invention;

2 shows a schematic representation of the metering device (6);

3 shows a schematic side view of the metering device (6);

Fig. 4: a schematic plan view of the

Dosing device (6) with full plate (23);

Fig. 5: a schematic plan view of various processing stations (7, 8, 8 ');

6 is a schematic side view of the surface Burstenmechanik (7) with conveyor belt (2 ¹ );

FIG. 7 is a schematic plan view of the surface brush device (7); FIG.

8 is a perspective view of a mold (9) with at least one plastic material; 9 is a schematic sectional view of the mold 9 with at least one plastic material;

10 shows two functions of the relative true concrete age t _w as a function of the temperature T.

FIG. 1 shows a schematic plan view of a part of the device 1 according to the invention. The device 1 has a series of silos 3 in which different materials are stored and unloaded according to the timed speed of the conveyor belt 2. In each material silo 3 is a component of the mixture of the concrete, which is selected separately depending on the type of concrete. The individual Mateπalkomponenten be supplied to the mixer 4, m the individual components are mixed well. From a material silo 3 ', after mixing the first components together with water, another important component, a flow agent, is added to the concrete mixture and the entire mixture is processed to form a flowable self-compacting mass. The viscous concrete mass passes via a chute 22 from the mixer 4 in the metering device 6, which will be described in more detail below. On a further conveyor belt 2 ', the molds 9 filled with concrete mass are transported further to the removal and hardening station 8. In the heating station 8, the filled plastic molds 9 remain until they have reached a predetermined degree of ripeness, that is, a certain effective concrete age (t _w ). If the concrete hardens under normal temperatures (about 20 ⁰ C), the effective concrete age (t _w ) corresponds to the true concrete age (t). In the case of deviating, changeable temperatures, the effective age of the concrete takes the place of the real age. The effective one Concrete age is important to the present invention, since the concrete for mechanical surface treatment must have a state in which it is already strong enough not to be destroyed during in-house transport, but still soft enough to wear with little wear on the to be described below brushes 12, 12 'to perform the surface treatment can. In an exemplary embodiment, the concrete for surface treatment should have an effective concrete age of about 0.5 to 1 day. The effective age of concrete can be determined in various ways and is calculated in the first approximation according to the following function:

Σ VlO ⁰ C.

- _{^ n} O _p - At ₁ (in days)

where T _{1 is} the average daily temperature of the concrete in ⁰ C, tj _. the number of days with average daily temperature T _{1 of} the concrete in ⁰ C and i is a number from 1 to infinity.

Does not refer to the effective age of the concrete at 30 ⁰ C, one obtains an approximation, the degree of maturity of the concrete R according to the following formula:

In this ripening formula, the influence of the type of cement on the development of strength does not matter, but is of decisive importance in different cases and is determined by the following formula:

In this case, the weighted maturity R _ca i is calculated, where At _{1 is} the time interval in hours and r _{x represents} the weighted maturity within a time interval At ₁ . The determination of the value r _x is made according to tables as a function of the weighting factor C for the type of cement (C value), the C value depending on the cement composition, which can be estimated over the existing and known clinker content.

Thus, the effective concrete age can be determined as follows:

cal R, • _m ^{tw =} 3O ⁰ C 24 h ^{(in Ta (} ? ^s)

After reaching the predetermined effective concrete age t _w in the hardening station 8, the thus-matured concrete block 5 with the conveyor belt 2 '' guided under the surface brush mechanism 7, where at least a part of the surface of the partially cured concrete block is refined by brushing, to achieve certain effects. Subsequently, the surface-refined concrete block is transported to the final dispatch station 25 via the further conveyor belt 2 ''.

FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of the metering device 6 in its various working phases. The self-compacting concrete passes over the material chute 22 in the vicinity of the filling tubes 18 of the metering device 6 and is fed in portions of the filling plate 23. With the slider 20 then the portioned mass is painted over the filling tubes and filled according to their volume. The remainder of the portioned mass is then brushed back over the filling tubes 18 and the process begins anew with phase 1. After opening the filling tubes 18 by means of a second slide 40, the molds 9 are filled and supplied for further processing.

In Fig. 3 is a schematic side view of the metering device 6 is shown. The actual metering device 6 is arranged above the molds 9 to be filled. The relatively well-flowing concrete mixture 16 passes through a chute 22 on the filling plate 23, at the bottom of a plurality of metering tubes 18 are arranged, which are designed variable in their volume or capacity. The volume of a metering tube 18 is exactly matched to the volume of the plastic mold 9 to be filled, which will be described in more detail below. The concrete mixture 16 flows over the upper opening of the metering tubes 18 into the metering tubes. Upon completion of filling the metering tubes 18, a stripper 20 sweeps across the fill plate 23, thereby ensuring that only the predetermined volume of concrete is contained in the metering tubes 18. Thereafter, the shutter mechanism 40 is opened at the lower end of the metering tube 18, so that the contents of the metering tubes 18 fall into the molds 9 and this filled with the desired concrete volume. The slider 40 is coupled to an actuator 41. The vertical slider 20 is moved in the vertical direction by the actuator 41 'and in the horizontal direction by the actuator 41''. The entire mechanism of the slider 20 is attached to a frame 19. The filled molds 9 on the flat base 37 are then ready for the further process steps. In Fig. 4 is a schematic plan view of the metering device is shown. At the full plate 23, the upper opening of the metering tube 18 is flush connected to the surface of the full plate, whereby the accurate determination of the full volume is ensured by sweeping the stripping device 20 through the openings of the metering 18. After sweeping over the openings of the metering tubes 18, the stripping device 20 remains on the right side m of this representation until the next filling process for the next mold 9 is started by the actuator 41 ''.

FIG. 5 shows a schematic plan view of a part of the device 1 with different processing stations 7, 8, 8 '. In the processing station 8, the shaped blocks 5 are cured according to their needs m their forms 9 up to a predetermined concrete age, in order to then be fed via the Forderband 2 '' of the special Burstenmechanik 7 can. After brush processing, at least part of the surface of the molding block 5, the molds 5 are fed to the processing station 8 ', which i.a. a Ruttelanlage 38 and / or has an ultrasonic transmitter. By means of a robot (not shown here), the molds 9 are rotated by 180 ° placed on the Ruttelunterlage and shaped. In certain applications, the molding is also effected by means of an ultrasonic irradiation of the molds with the hardened shaped stone 1.

Fig. 6 shows a schematic side view of the surface brush mechanism 7. After the molds 9 have left the softening station 8, they are transported by the conveyor belt 2 "under the brushes 12, 12 'and there according to a predetermined desired effect mechanically processed or refined by brushing the cement slurry on the surface to the extent that the grains of the rock aggregate become visible, in order to achieve a visually appealing surface. This type of surface treatment offers a wide range of variation, as different colors and visual appearances are produced for different types of rock. The time of shutting off and the surface treatment of the concrete block 5 must be chosen so that the surface of the concrete block 5 can be brushed with the least possible wear. However, the concrete must already have a sufficient strength, so as not to be destroyed during stripping. If the concrete hardens under normal temperature (about 20 ⁰ C), the effective concrete age t _w corresponds to the true concrete age t. In this case, for example, the concrete surface can be processed after about 10 to 18 hours of hard time. At other ambient temperatures apply according to the formula shown above other Ausschalzelten, which set to those under standard conditions in relation, determine the period for further processing. In order to avoid temperature-related unfavorable periods for further processing, the mixture can also be added with a delay (in extreme heat) or accelerator (in extreme cold). In this way, the curing process can be controlled and you can achieve even Ausschaltelten. The brush device 7 has two motors 11, 11 'which are mounted on a base plate 31. Below the base plate 31, a brush 12, 12 'are arranged on the shafts of the motors 11, 11' shaft whose height adjusted to the surface of the concrete blocks to be brushed 5 with an adjusting mechanism 32 as needed and effect on the surface of the concrete blocks can be. The direction of rotation of the brushes 12, 12 'can clockwise or counter to Clockwise to be selected. On the base plate 15 a slot arm 14 is arranged with a slot 14 ', which is welded in the present embodiment, fixed to the base plate 31. The second motor 13 is used to generate a pendulum motion of the base plate 31 and thus the brush 12, 12 '. The mode of action will be explained in more detail below.

In Fig. 7, the top view of the brush device 7 is shown. The entire brush device 7 is arranged in a frame 32. After the surface of the concrete block 5 has been processed below the brushes 12, 12 ', the conveyor belt 2''moves further to the shipping station 25. On the base plate 15 is a slot arm 14 with a slot 14' firmly connected. Through the slot 14 'protrudes a roller pin 34 which is arranged at a pendulum swing arm 35 at right angles to this. The pendulum swing arm 35 is fixedly connected to the shaft of the motor 13. Upon rotation of the shaft of the motor 13, the roller journal 34 describes a circular movement, which is indicated by arrows, whereby the slot arm 14 is moved in the direction of the force application of the roller pin 34. After reaching the highest point of the circle of the roller journal 34, the direction of movement of the slot arm 14 is reversed, so that ultimately the brushes 12, 12 'on the base plate 15 with continuous rotation of the shaft of the motor 13 perform a pendulum motion. By this pendulum movement of the brush 12, 12 'an extremely effective surface treatment of concrete blocks is achieved. After completion of the brushing process, the concrete block thus treated is supplied to a shipping station 25, from where it is available to the end user. Figures 8 and 9 show a schematic representation of a rectangular watertight mold 9, the bottom 26 of which may take on any structure which depends on what is desired by the end user. The mold 9 has at least one relatively hard (ball pressure 52 - 90 N / mm ² ) plastic surface that is concrete-repellent and non-absorbent. In addition to being watertight, the inner walls of the mold should also be water-repellent and have no pores into which the self-compacting concrete (SCC) or parts thereof may penetrate and interlock or interlock with the surface of the inside of the mold 9. Further, the expansion coefficient, at least of the inner surfaces of the mold 9, is different from the coefficient of expansion of the cured self-compacting concrete in the mold. The at least one plastic surface of the inside of the mold 9 may in one embodiment be a simple plane or structured plate which is placed on the bottom 26 of the mold 9. The production of the mold 9 made of plastic is done in the plastic injection molding process with a plastic that undergoes no static electrical charge at least during the processing of self-compacting concrete. Further important physical properties in an exemplary embodiment according to the invention are: Density at 23 ° C.: 0.907 g / cm ² (DIN 53 479) Yield stress: 28 N / mm ² (DIN 53 455) Tensile strength: 32 N / mm ² (DIN 53 455) elongation at break: 800% (DIN 53 455) flexural modulus: 1200 N / mm ² (DIN 53 457) Indentation hardness: 52 N / mm ² (DIN 53 456) impact strength at 23 ⁰ C (DIN 53 453)

Izod notched impact strength at 23 ⁰ C:> 60 kJ / m ² (ISO R 180)

Vicat softening temperature

VST / B: 68 ^° C. (DIN 53 460)

shape-retention

Temperature A: 147 ⁰ C (DIN 53461) These values vary from plastic to plastic and can vary +/- 20% depending on the plastic used. Also important is the dimensional stability of the mold 9 during filling and during the subsequent hardening of the concrete. For the smooth functioning of the production of the molded block 9 according to the invention, it is also important that the physical properties such as the stiffness and the associated elastic moduli of the plastic molds and / or the coefficient of thermal expansion and / or surface shape of the inner surfaces such as the roughness and / or the hardness and / or shrinkage during the hardening process of the concrete, differ significantly from the physical properties of the concrete to be formed. As already mentioned above, for example, the coefficient of thermal expansion of PTFE or hard PVC (α = 7, 5 ... 14.0 × 10 ^-5 K ^-1 ) in the solid state in the linear region is approximately one order of magnitude greater than that of Concrete (α = 0.75 ... 1.4 X 10 ^'5 K ^-1 ) The sidewalls 27 of the molds 9 generally have a slight conical slope in order to more easily demould the molded brick after complete hardening of the concrete mix. The corners 28 of the mold 9 are generally broken by a slope or a rounding.For the reinforcement of the mold 9, an L-shaped projection 29 is arranged at the upper edge.It is important that with the present production method every kind and shape of a concrete block can be made and is not limited to rectangular shapes Generally inexpensive and have the distinct advantage of not being cleaned and serviced after use. This results in a huge cost savings.

FIG. 10 shows the temperature-dependent profile of the relative effective concrete age t ". The two curves were created using different calculation methods and represent approximate functions that agree well in the range between 5 ⁰ C <T <25 ⁰ C in a first approximation. The normal temperature is 20 ⁰ C to understand, at which the molded concrete blocks harden.

Claims

Method for producing concrete shaped blocks (5) from self-compacting concrete with at least one concrete

Solvents are as follows

Steps:

Filling by means of a metering device (6) of at least one fixed or loose on a flat

Pad mounted mold (9) made of a material whose physical properties such as

Example of the expansion coefficient of

Inner surfaces different from those of the concrete to be formed;

Curing the self-compacting concrete under predetermined environmental conditions;

Forming the molded block (5) from the at least one mold (9) in a processing station (38).

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the concrete mixture is fed to a metering device (6) and filled in molds (9) with at least one plastic surface.

3. Method according to claim 1, wherein the at least one shaped block (5) of a further processing station (7) or storage station (25) is fed.

4. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the filled molds (9) are stored for a predetermined time in a hardening station (8), the time of the intermediate storage being dependent on the mixing ratio of the individual mixing components and the temperature (T) ,

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein a mold filled with hardened concrete is subjected to a vibration.

6. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that the shaking (38) of the at least one mold (9) is carried out with the mold (9) pointing downwards or upwards.

7. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the molded blocks (5) separated from the mold (9) are taken from the mold (9) and fed to a further processing station.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the flowable concrete is subjected to no mechanical compaction.

9. The method according to claim 1, wherein a concrete flow agent (24) is added to the concrete mixture in the mixer (4) for self-compression.

10. The method according to claim 1, wherein the concrete mixture is fed to a metering device and is filled into molds with at least one plastic surface whose physical properties, such as thermal expansion coefficient, are typically between (30-170) x

10 ^"6 / K, typical ball hardness between (55 - 180) x 10 ^{" 5} N / mm ² , elastic modulus typically between (410 - 2010) N / mm ² , tensile strength typically between (21 - 80) N / mm ² , different of which the concrete mixture or the finished concrete, such as shrinkage during curing are typically between 0.1 - 0.5 mm / m and / or not lower than a predetermined level.

11. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, dadurchge ^'indicates that the filled molds (9) between stored for a predetermined time, the time of temporary storage of the mixing ratio of the individual blend components and the temperature (T) wobei- dependent.

12. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the concrete block (5), if necessary, a brush mechanism (7) is supplied, in which the concrete block (5) in a predetermined time interval (Δ t ") is machined mechanically with a special brush method ,

13. The method according to claim 25, characterized in that the effective concrete age (t _w ) at which the concrete block can be mechanically processed, is between 0.5 and 1 day.

14. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the brushed components of the concrete blocks (5) are collected and recycled to the concrete mixture as an additional component.

15. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the time (t ") and the time interval (Δ t _w ) of the mechanical treatment is predetermined.

16. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the concrete mixture used has a higher flowability than an earth-moist concrete mixture.

17. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the self-compacting concrete mixture is added via a metering device, a coloring substance.

18. Device (1) for producing concrete blocks (5) with a predetermined composition of the concrete mixture with at least one flow agent, gekennzeich¬ netdurch a construction of a metering device (6) with at least one metering tube (18), under the at least one waterproof mold ( 9) with smooth inner surfaces on a flat base (37) is fixed or loose, wherein the physical properties of the mold (9), such as the coefficient of expansion, is different from that of the concrete to be formed.

19. Device according to claim 18, characterized in that the concrete block (5) is taken out of the mold (9) in a demoulding station (38).

20. Device according to claim 19, characterized in that the concrete block (5) is removed from the mold (9) in a demolding station (38) by means of ultrasound irradiation.

21. Device according to claim 18, characterized in that the at least one mold (9) is waterproof and has concrete-repellent smooth inner surfaces.

22. Apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a mixer (4) supplies to a metering device (6) a predetermined concrete mixture which is discharged in quantity into at least one mold (9).

23. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that the mold (9.) has at least one plastic surface.

24. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one second conveyor belt (2 '') supplies the concrete-filled molds (9) to the surface treatment mechanism (7).

25. The device according to claim 1, wherein at least one motor (11) with at least one brush (12) is provided.

26. The device according to claim 1, wherein at least one motor drives a pendulum swing mechanism.

27. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that the at least one brush (12, 12 ') has two directions of rotation and performs a pendulum oscillation.

28. The device according to claim 8, characterized in that the

Pendulum swing mechanism has at least one slot arm (14).

29. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the slot arm (14) is connected to the base plate (15) of the pendulum swing mechanism.

30. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the pendulum frequency of the pendulum mechanism is between 1 and 5 Hz.

31. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a collecting container (17) is arranged below the brush (12, 12 ').

32. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the dosing device (6) has at least one dosing tube (18).

33. Apparatus according to claim 13, characterized in that the metering tubes (18) are arranged in the flow direction at a predetermined oblique angle to the horizontal plane.

34. The device according to claim 1, wherein a closure mechanism is arranged at the lower end of each individual metering tube.

35. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a stripping device (20) is arranged above the metering tubes (18).

36. The device according to claim 1, wherein the at least one metering tube is connected to a material chute via a filling tube.

37. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the metering tubes (18) with their upper ends on a Filling plate (23) are arranged.