EP1933291B1 - Driver support device and method for traffic guidance - Google Patents

Driver support device and method for traffic guidance Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1933291B1
EP1933291B1 EP07118535A EP07118535A EP1933291B1 EP 1933291 B1 EP1933291 B1 EP 1933291B1 EP 07118535 A EP07118535 A EP 07118535A EP 07118535 A EP07118535 A EP 07118535A EP 1933291 B1 EP1933291 B1 EP 1933291B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
vehicle
priority
priority identifier
identifier
driver
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Expired - Fee Related
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EP07118535A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1933291A1 (en
Inventor
Omar Alaa El-Din
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G08SIGNALLING
    • G08GTRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/16Anti-collision systems
    • G08G1/161Decentralised systems, e.g. inter-vehicle communication
    • GPHYSICS
    • G08SIGNALLING
    • G08GTRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/09Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions
    • G08G1/0962Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions having an indicator mounted inside the vehicle, e.g. giving voice messages
    • G08G1/0965Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions having an indicator mounted inside the vehicle, e.g. giving voice messages responding to signals from another vehicle, e.g. emergency vehicle

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a driver assistance device for or in a vehicle, and also to a method for traffic guidance between a first vehicle and a second vehicle.
  • the KR-2003096891-A discloses a method for supporting an ambulance vehicle by means of a wireless network comprising a stationary server for managing the rescue vehicle and radio stations located along lanes. In order to evacuate a lane for the rescue vehicle, the radio stations stationed at that lane are instructed by the server to send a warning message to the ordinary vehicles running in the lane.
  • the US 2005/0088318 discloses a method for wireless communication from vehicle to vehicle that manages without a stationary network.
  • a separate priority channel is used for sending priority messages.
  • a leader repeatedly sends a priority message and pauses between retries until a maximum number of retries is reached.
  • the WO-A197 / 20296 describes a procedure by which a vehicle receives signals from other vehicles or roadside transmitters. From the received signals, information is derived, wherein in one embodiment, the presence of an emergency vehicle is displayed to the driver. In this case, it is assumed in the comparison of the received information that the presence of an emergency vehicle has a higher priority than roadside hazards.
  • the present invention provides a driver assistance device for or in a vehicle according to claim 1.
  • the device comprises a memory which stores a self-priority identifier of the vehicle and a receiver which receives a foreign wireless signal comprising a foreign-priority identifier. Also provided is a priority comparator which compares whether the foreign priority identifier identifies a higher priority than the self-priority identifier, and a driver information unit which outputs information to a driver of the vehicle if the foreign priority identifier identifies a higher priority than the self-priority identifier.
  • the driver assistance device has the advantage that it manages without a stationary radio network, that is based on pure vehicle-to-vehicle communication.
  • a particular cost advantage arises from the fact that the priority identifier is stored in memory, which makes it possible to install the same type of driver assistance device both in ordinary vehicles and, for example, in rescue or police vehicles.
  • the invention makes it possible, for example, to store the priority identifier as a number, so that a fine grading of different priorities can be achieved, whereby, for example, buses can be assigned a higher priority than ordinary passenger vehicles, but a lower one than they are assigned to rescue vehicles , By securing the memory, for example by using a chip card, it is also possible to prevent a misappropriation of a higher priority.
  • a transmitter is further provided which emits a self-priced self-contained wireless intrinsic signal of the vehicle. This makes it possible to communicate to foreign, equally equipped vehicles their own priority, so that they can respond accordingly, for example by an evasive maneuver of the foreign vehicle, if its priority is lower than its own priority.
  • a converter which re-transmits information of the wireless external signal.
  • a particularly high radio range can be achieved by a vehicle passing the received signal in the manner of a chain to the next vehicle.
  • e.g. Receive a message of ambulance from numerous vehicles along a long section of a lane, which intends to drive the ambulance.
  • a vehicle control unit which intervenes in a control of the vehicle when the foreign priority identifier indicates a higher priority than the self-priority identifier. This has the particular advantage that even if the driver of the vehicle overlooks the information output or intentionally ignores the vehicle, e.g. can be steered from a required by an emergency vehicle lane.
  • the present invention provides a method of routing traffic between a first vehicle and a second vehicle according to claim 5.
  • the method comprises the following steps. First, a priority identifier of the first vehicle is stored. In a further step, a wireless received signal is received, which comprises a priority identifier of the second vehicle. Subsequently, it is compared whether the priority identifier of the second vehicle has a higher priority than the priority identifier of the first vehicle. If the priority identifier of the second vehicle indicates a higher priority than the priority identifier of the first vehicle, information is output to a driver of the first vehicle. Preferably, a step of sending a the Priority identifier of the first vehicle comprehensive wireless transmission signal provided.
  • the received wireless external signal comprises position data of the second vehicle. Furthermore, it may be provided to likewise determine position data of the first vehicle. On the basis of the position data of the first vehicle and the position data of the second vehicle is judged whether an encounter of the first vehicle and the second vehicle is imminent, the information is output to the driver only if so. This makes it possible to separate information relevant to the vehicle concerned from what is not relevant.
  • the position data of the first and / or the second vehicle include data about a direction of movement of the first and second vehicle. Such data are in particular a navigation destination, a driving speed and / or a lane assignment. In this way it is possible to determine with greater certainty whether the vehicles are moving towards each other.
  • a step of intervention in a control of the first vehicle is further provided if the foreign priority identifier indicates a higher priority than the self-priority identifier.
  • the intervention in the control preferably takes place in such a way that the first vehicle evades the second vehicle, thereby allowing the latter free travel.
  • the first vehicle deviates from a first lane to a second lane, e.g. from a lane in the middle of the lane to a lane at the edge of the lane.
  • FIG. 12 shows a block diagram of a driver assistance apparatus 100 for a vehicle according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • the driver assistance apparatus 100 includes a receiver 106 connected to a receiving antenna 107 and a transmitter 112 connected to a transmitting antenna 314.
  • a single antenna can simultaneously function as the receiving and transmitting antenna.
  • a converter 114th In a signal path between receiver 106 and transmitter 112 is a converter 114th
  • the transmitter 112 is connected to a memory 104 in which a priority identifier 105 of the vehicle is stored.
  • the priority identifier is exemplified here as "P3" corresponding to a level on a given priority scale. Alternatively, the priority may also be infinitely variable, e.g. be defined as a real number, or as a multidimensional vector.
  • the transmitter 112 is connected to a positioning unit 124, which provides data about the current position of the vehicle. This data may e.g. Geographical coordinates derived from a GPS receiver, as well as navigation targets of a navigation device on board the vehicle, or a speed of travel of the vehicle tapped at the tachometer.
  • a priority comparator 108 is in communication with the receiver 106.
  • the priority comparator 108 as well as the transmitter 112, is connected to the memory 104 and the positioning unit 124.
  • the priority comparator 108 provides signals to a driver information unit 110 for outputting information to the driver. For this purpose, this contains suitable means such as speakers or display elements.
  • the priority comparator 108 provides signals to a vehicle control unit 115 which is connected to the controller 116 of the vehicle and can intervene in it.
  • the transmitter 112 transmits a wireless communication signal 122 of the vehicle, which includes the priority identifier 105 of the vehicle. Not shown are the position information that the transmitter 112 receives from the positioning unit 124 and also transmits with the communication signal 122 of the vehicle.
  • the receiver 106 simultaneously receives corresponding communication signals 118 from one or more other nearby vehicles.
  • the communication signal 118 shown contains a priority identifier 120 of a foreign vehicle, identified here by way of example as "P1".
  • FIG. 2 shows a flowchart of a method for traffic guidance between a first vehicle and a second vehicle according to an embodiment of the invention, for example by means of driver assistance devices such as in Fig. 1 shown, which are each installed in the vehicles.
  • a priority identifier of the first vehicle is stored, for example in a memory like the one in FIG Fig. 1 shown.
  • this priority identifier is transmitted as part of a wireless communication signal of the vehicle, so that located nearby other vehicles, including the aforementioned second vehicle, the priority of the first vehicle can refer to the signal.
  • a wireless reception signal of the second vehicle is received.
  • This received signal comprises in an analogous manner a priority identifier of the second vehicle.
  • position data of the second vehicle such as location, speed and an identifier of the road and lane on which the second vehicle is moving.
  • branching step 204 it is compared whether the priority identifier of the second vehicle is higher in priority than the priority identifier of the first vehicle.
  • the comparison may, for example, be a simple comparison of the sizes of two real numbers, or else an evaluation of a complex priority identifier composed of different constituents, which takes place according to any predetermined algorithm. If the priority identifier of the second vehicle does not indicate a higher priority than the priority identifier of the first vehicle, a branch is made to alternative 218 and a communication signal is sent again in step 208.
  • step 210 position data of the first vehicle are then determined. Alternatively, this determination can also be made at the beginning of the method, so that the position data of the first vehicle can be transmitted, for example, with the communication signal transmitted in step 208.
  • step 212 whether or not an encounter of the first vehicle and the second vehicle is imminent is judged based on the position data of the first vehicle and the position data of the second vehicle. If this is not the case, the vehicle is ignored, branched to alternative 222 and the method continues with the retransmission of the communication signal in step 208. If, however, it appears that an encounter of the first vehicle and the second vehicle is imminent, a branch is made to alternative 220 and, in step 206, information is output to a driver of the first vehicle, for example by an optical or acoustic signal. In step 214, the driver assistance device actively intervenes in the control, for example, to avoid the first vehicle before the probable encounter with the second vehicle.
  • FIG. 3 shows a view from above of such an evasive maneuver.
  • a section of a road 300 with a right lane 304 and a left lane 302, on which three vehicles 306, 308, 310 move, can be seen.
  • Each vehicle 306, 308, 310 receives the communication signals of the respective other vehicles.
  • the driver assistance device detects in the moving vehicle 306 that the rear-driving vehicles 310, 308 have a higher priority.
  • the received position data of the rear-left vehicle 310 has a higher vehicle speed
  • the position data received from the rear-right Vehicle 308 indicate a higher vehicle speed.
  • the driver assistance device comes to the conclusion that an encounter with the rear-left vehicle 310, but not with the rear-right vehicle 308 is imminent. Accordingly, information is output to the driver of the traveling vehicle 306 and an evasive maneuver 312 is initiated by the vehicle control unit from the left 302 to the right 304 lane.

Description

TECHNISCHER HINTERGRUNDTECHNICAL BACKGROUND

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Fahrerassistenzvorrichtung für ein oder in einem Fahrzeug, sowie weiterhin ein Verfahren zur Verkehrslenkung zwischen einem ersten Fahrzeug und einem zweiten Fahrzeug.The present invention relates to a driver assistance device for or in a vehicle, and also to a method for traffic guidance between a first vehicle and a second vehicle.

Rettungsfahrzeuge und Polizeifahrzeuge verwenden akustische und visuelle Signale, um eine höhere Geschwindigkeit im Straßenverkehr zu erreichen und um von anderen Verkehrsteilnehmern wahrgenommen zu werden. Oft bleibt aber die Richtung, aus der die Signale kommen, oder die Fahrspur, die sie betreffen, für Fahrer anderer Fahrzeuge unklar. Oft sind auch Fahrer anderer Fahrzeuge durch das sonstige Verkehrsgeschehen soweit abgelenkt, dass sie die Signale nicht, oder erst spät wahrnehmen.Rescue vehicles and police vehicles use audible and visual signals to increase road traffic speed and to be perceived by other road users. Often, however, the direction from which the signals come or the lane they relate to remains unclear to drivers of other vehicles. Often drivers of other vehicles are so distracted by the other traffic events that they do not perceive the signals, or only late.

Die KR-2003096891-A offenbart ein Verfahren zur Unterstützung eines Rettungsfahrzeugs mittels eines drahtlosen Netzwerks, das einen stationären Server zur Verwaltung des Rettungsfahrzeugs und entlang von Fahrspuren postierte Funkstationen umfasst. Um eine Fahrspur für das Rettungsfahrzeug zu räumen, werden über den Server die an der betreffenden Fahrspur postierten Funkstationen angewiesen, eine Warnungsmeldung an die auf der Fahrspur fahrenden gewöhnlichen Fahrzeuge zu senden.The KR-2003096891-A discloses a method for supporting an ambulance vehicle by means of a wireless network comprising a stationary server for managing the rescue vehicle and radio stations located along lanes. In order to evacuate a lane for the rescue vehicle, the radio stations stationed at that lane are instructed by the server to send a warning message to the ordinary vehicles running in the lane.

Die US 2005/0088318 offenbart ein Verfahren zur drahtlosen Kommunikation von Fahrzeug zu Fahrzeug, das ohne ein stationäres Netzwerk auskommt. Zum Senden von Prioritätsnachrichten wird auf einen gesonderten Prioritätskanal zurückgegriffen. Hierbei sendet ein Führungsfahrzeug wiederholt eine Prioritätsnachricht aus und pausiert zwischen den Wiederholungen, bis eine maximale Anzahl von Wiederholungen erreicht ist.The US 2005/0088318 discloses a method for wireless communication from vehicle to vehicle that manages without a stationary network. For sending priority messages, a separate priority channel is used. in this connection a leader repeatedly sends a priority message and pauses between retries until a maximum number of retries is reached.

Die WO-A197/20296 beschreibt eine Vorgehensweise, nach welcher ein Fahrzeug Signale von anderen Fahrzeugen oder am Straßenrand vorhandenen Sendern empfängt. Aus den empfangenen Signalen werden Informationen abgeleitet, wobei in einer Ausführung dem Fahrer die Anwesenheit eines Notfallfahrzeuges angezeigt wird. Dabei wird beim Vergleich der empfangenen Informationen davon ausgegangen, dass das Vorhandensein eines Notfallfahrzeuges eine höhere Priorität hat als Gefahren am Straßenrand.The WO-A197 / 20296 describes a procedure by which a vehicle receives signals from other vehicles or roadside transmitters. From the received signals, information is derived, wherein in one embodiment, the presence of an emergency vehicle is displayed to the driver. In this case, it is assumed in the comparison of the received information that the presence of an emergency vehicle has a higher priority than roadside hazards.

Es besteht ein Bedarf an einem drahtlosen System zur Verkehrslenkung, das einerseits ohne aufwändige stationäre Komponenten auskommt, andererseits aber den Fahrern der beteiligten Fahrzeuge hinreichende Sicherheit bietet, eine berechtigte Prioritätsnachricht zu empfangen.There is a need for a wireless traffic management system that manages on the one hand without expensive stationary components, but on the other hand provides the drivers of the vehicles involved sufficient security to receive a legitimate priority message.

OFFENBARUNG DER ERFINDUNGDISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION

Die vorliegende Erfindung stellt eine Fahrerassistenzvorrichtung für ein oder in einem Fahrzeug nach Anspruch 1 bereit. Die Vorrichtung umfasst einen Speicher, der eine Eigenprioritätskennung des Fahrzeugs speichert, und einen Empfänger, der ein eine Fremdprioritätskennung umfassendes drahtloses Fremdsignal empfängt. Weiterhin vorgesehen sind ein Prioritätsvergleicher, der vergleicht, ob die Fremdprioritätskennung eine höhere Priorität kennzeichnet als die Eigenprioritätskennung, und eine Fahrerinformationseinheit, die eine Information an einen Fahrer des Fahrzeugs ausgibt, wenn die Fremdprioritätskennung eine höhere Priorität kennzeichnet als die Eigenprioritätskennung.The present invention provides a driver assistance device for or in a vehicle according to claim 1. The device comprises a memory which stores a self-priority identifier of the vehicle and a receiver which receives a foreign wireless signal comprising a foreign-priority identifier. Also provided is a priority comparator which compares whether the foreign priority identifier identifies a higher priority than the self-priority identifier, and a driver information unit which outputs information to a driver of the vehicle if the foreign priority identifier identifies a higher priority than the self-priority identifier.

Die Fahrerassistenzvorrichtung hat den Vorteil, dass sie ohne ein stationäres Funknetz auskommt, d.h. auf reiner Fahrzeug-zu-Fahrzeug-Kommunikation beruht. Ein besonderer Kostenvorteil entsteht dadurch, dass die Prioritätskennung im Speicher abgelegt ist, was ermöglicht, denselben Typ von Fahrerassistenzvorrichtung sowohl in gewöhnlichen Fahrzeugen als auch z.B. in Rettungs- oder Polizeifahrzeugen zu installieren. Darüber hinaus ermöglicht es die Erfindung, die Prioritätskennung z.B. als eine Zahl zu speichern, so dass eine feine Abstufung unterschiedlicher Prioritäten erreicht werden kann, wodurch beispielsweise Bussen eine höhere Priorität zugewiesen werden kann, als gewöhnlichen Personenfahrzeugen, aber eine niedrigere als sie etwa Rettungsfahrzeugen zugewiesen wird. Durch Sichern des Speichers z.B. durch Verwenden einer Chipkarte kann zudem eine missbräuchliche Annahme einer höheren Priorität verhindert werden.The driver assistance device has the advantage that it manages without a stationary radio network, that is based on pure vehicle-to-vehicle communication. A particular cost advantage arises from the fact that the priority identifier is stored in memory, which makes it possible to install the same type of driver assistance device both in ordinary vehicles and, for example, in rescue or police vehicles. Moreover, the invention makes it possible, for example, to store the priority identifier as a number, so that a fine grading of different priorities can be achieved, whereby, for example, buses can be assigned a higher priority than ordinary passenger vehicles, but a lower one than they are assigned to rescue vehicles , By securing the memory, for example by using a chip card, it is also possible to prevent a misappropriation of a higher priority.

Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist weiterhin ein Sender vorgesehen, der ein die Eigenprioritätskennung umfassendes drahtloses Eigensignal des Fahrzeugs aussendet. Hierdurch wird ermöglicht, fremden, in gleicher Weise ausgestatteten Fahrzeugen die eigene Priorität mitzuteilen, so dass diese entsprechend reagieren können, beispielsweise durch ein Ausweichmanöver des fremden Fahrzeugs, wenn dessen Priorität niedriger ist als die eigene Priorität.According to a preferred embodiment, a transmitter is further provided which emits a self-priced self-contained wireless intrinsic signal of the vehicle. This makes it possible to communicate to foreign, equally equipped vehicles their own priority, so that they can respond accordingly, for example by an evasive maneuver of the foreign vehicle, if its priority is lower than its own priority.

Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist weiterhin ein Umsetzer vorgesehen, der Informationen des drahtlosen Fremdsignals erneut aussendet. Hierdurch kann eine besonders hohe Funkreichweite erzielt werden, indem ein Fahrzeug das empfangene Signal in der Art einer Kette an das nächste Fahrzeug weitergibt. Auf diese Weise kann z.B. eine Nachricht eines Rettungswagens von zahlreichen Fahrzeugen entlang eines langen Abschnitts einer Fahrspur empfangen werden, die der Rettungswagen zu befahren beabsichtigt.According to a preferred embodiment, a converter is provided, which re-transmits information of the wireless external signal. In this way, a particularly high radio range can be achieved by a vehicle passing the received signal in the manner of a chain to the next vehicle. In this way, e.g. Receive a message of ambulance from numerous vehicles along a long section of a lane, which intends to drive the ambulance.

Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist weiterhin eine Fahrzeugsteuerungseinheit vorgesehen, die in eine Steuerung des Fahrzeugs eingreift, wenn die Fremdprioritätskennung eine höhere Priorität kennzeichnet als die Eigenprioritätskennung. Dies hat den besonderen Vorteil, dass auch dann, wenn der Fahrer des Fahrzeugs die ausgegebene Information übersieht oder bewusst ignoriert, das Fahrzeug z.B. aus einer durch ein Rettungsfahrzeug benötigten Spur gelenkt werden kann.According to a preferred embodiment, a vehicle control unit is provided, which intervenes in a control of the vehicle when the foreign priority identifier indicates a higher priority than the self-priority identifier. This has the particular advantage that even if the driver of the vehicle overlooks the information output or intentionally ignores the vehicle, e.g. can be steered from a required by an emergency vehicle lane.

Unter einem weiteren Aspekt stellt die vorliegende Erfindung ein Verfahren zur Verkehrslenkung zwischen einem ersten Fahrzeug und einem zweiten Fahrzeug nach Anspruch 5 bereit. Das Verfahren weist die folgenden Schritte auf. Zunächst wird eine Prioritätskennung des ersten Fahrzeugs gespeichert. In einem weiteren Schritt wird ein drahtloses Empfangssignal empfangen, das eine Prioritätskennung des zweiten Fahrzeugs umfasst. Anschließend wird verglichen, ob die Prioritätskennung des zweiten Fahrzeugs eine höhere Priorität kennzeichnet als die Prioritätskennung des ersten Fahrzeugs. Wenn die Prioritätskennung des zweiten Fahrzeugs eine höhere Priorität kennzeichnet als die Prioritätskennung des ersten Fahrzeugs, wird eine Information an einen Fahrer des ersten Fahrzeugs ausgegeben. Vorzugsweise ist weiterhin ein Schritt des Sendens eines die Prioritätskennung des ersten Fahrzeugs umfassenden drahtlosen Sendesignals vorgesehen.In another aspect, the present invention provides a method of routing traffic between a first vehicle and a second vehicle according to claim 5. The method comprises the following steps. First, a priority identifier of the first vehicle is stored. In a further step, a wireless received signal is received, which comprises a priority identifier of the second vehicle. Subsequently, it is compared whether the priority identifier of the second vehicle has a higher priority than the priority identifier of the first vehicle. If the priority identifier of the second vehicle indicates a higher priority than the priority identifier of the first vehicle, information is output to a driver of the first vehicle. Preferably, a step of sending a the Priority identifier of the first vehicle comprehensive wireless transmission signal provided.

Erfindungsgemäß umfasst das empfangene drahtlose Fremdsignal Positionsdaten des zweiten Fahrzeugs. Weiterhin kann vorgesehen sein gleichfalls Positionsdaten des ersten Fahrzeugs zu ermitteln. Anhand der Positionsdaten des ersten Fahrzeugs und der Positionsdaten des zweiten Fahrzeugs wird beurteilt, ob eine Begegnung des ersten Fahrzeug und des zweiten Fahrzeugs bevorsteht, wobei die Information an den Fahrer nur ausgegeben wird, wenn dies der Fall ist. Auf diese Weise wird ermöglicht, für das betreffende Fahrzeug relevante Informationen von nicht relevanten zu trennen. Vorzugsweise umfassen die Positionsdaten des ersten und/oder des zweiten Fahrzeugs Daten über eine Bewegungsrichtung des ersten bzw. zweiten Fahrzeugs. Solche Daten sind insbesondere ein Navigationsziel, eine Fahrgeschwindigkeit und/oder eine Fahrspurzuordnung. Auf diese Weise wird ermöglicht, mit größerer Sicherheit festzustellen, ob die Fahrzeuge sich aufeinander zu bewegen.According to the invention, the received wireless external signal comprises position data of the second vehicle. Furthermore, it may be provided to likewise determine position data of the first vehicle. On the basis of the position data of the first vehicle and the position data of the second vehicle is judged whether an encounter of the first vehicle and the second vehicle is imminent, the information is output to the driver only if so. This makes it possible to separate information relevant to the vehicle concerned from what is not relevant. Preferably, the position data of the first and / or the second vehicle include data about a direction of movement of the first and second vehicle. Such data are in particular a navigation destination, a driving speed and / or a lane assignment. In this way it is possible to determine with greater certainty whether the vehicles are moving towards each other.

Gemäß einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist weiterhin ein Schritt des Eingreifens in eine Steuerung des ersten Fahrzeugs vorgesehen, wenn die Fremdprioritätskennung eine höhere Priorität kennzeichnet als die Eigenprioritätskennung. Vorzugsweise erfolgt das Eingreifen in die Steuerung derart, dass das erste Fahrzeug dem zweiten Fahrzeug ausweicht, und diesem hierdurch freie Fahrt gewährt. Insbesondere weicht das erste Fahrzeug von einer ersten Fahrspur auf eine zweite Fahrspur aus, z.B. von einer Fahrspur in der Mitte der Fahrbahn auf eine Fahrspur am Fahrbahnrand.According to a further preferred embodiment, a step of intervention in a control of the first vehicle is further provided if the foreign priority identifier indicates a higher priority than the self-priority identifier. The intervention in the control preferably takes place in such a way that the first vehicle evades the second vehicle, thereby allowing the latter free travel. In particular, the first vehicle deviates from a first lane to a second lane, e.g. from a lane in the middle of the lane to a lane at the edge of the lane.

ZUSAMMENFASSUNG DER FIGURENSUMMARY OF THE FIGURES

  • Fig. 1 ist ein Blockdiagramm einer Fahrerassistenzvorrichtung gemäß einer Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung, Fig. 1 FIG. 10 is a block diagram of a driver assistance apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG.
  • Fig. 2 ist ein Ablaufdiagramm eines Verfahrens zur Verkehrslenkung zwischen einem ersten Fahrzeug und einem zweiten Fahrzeug gemäß einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung, und Fig. 2 is a flowchart of a method for traffic guidance between a first vehicle and a second vehicle according to an embodiment of the invention, and
  • Fig. 3 ist eine Sicht von oben auf ein Ausweichmanöver gemäß einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung. Fig. 3 is a view from above of an evasive maneuver according to an embodiment of the invention.
AUSFÜHRLICHE BESCHREIBUNG DER AUSFÜHRUNGSBEISPIELEDETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

Figur 1 zeigt ein Blockdiagramm einer Fahrerassistenzvorrichtung 100 für ein Fahrzeug gemäß einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung. Die Fahrerassistenzvorrichtung 100 beinhaltet einen Empfänger 106, der mit einer Empfangsantenne 107 verbunden ist, sowie einen Sender 112, der mit einer Sendeantenne 314 verbunden ist. Dabei kann auch eine einzige Antenne gleichzeitig als die Empfangs- und Sendeantenne funktionieren. In einem Signalweg zwischen Empfänger 106 und Sender 112 befindet sich ein Umsetzer 114. FIG. 1 FIG. 12 shows a block diagram of a driver assistance apparatus 100 for a vehicle according to an embodiment of the invention. The driver assistance apparatus 100 includes a receiver 106 connected to a receiving antenna 107 and a transmitter 112 connected to a transmitting antenna 314. In this case, a single antenna can simultaneously function as the receiving and transmitting antenna. In a signal path between receiver 106 and transmitter 112 is a converter 114th

Der Sender 112 ist mit einem Speicher 104 verbunden, in dem eine Prioritätskennung 105 des Fahrzeugs gespeichert ist. Die Prioritätskennung ist hier beispielhaft als "P3" gekennzeichnet, entsprechend einer Stufe auf einer gegebenen Prioritätsskala. Alternativ kann die Priorität auch stufenlos z.B. als eine reelle Zahl, oder auch als ein mehrdimensionaler Vektor definiert sein. Weiterhin ist der Sender 112 mit einer Positionierungseinheit 124 verbunden, die Daten über die aktuelle Position des Fahrzeugs bereitstellt. Diese Daten können z.B. einem GPS-Empfänger entstammende geografische Koordinaten umfassen, wie auch Navigationsziele einer Navigationsvorrichtung an Bord des Fahrzeugs, oder eine am Tachometer abgegriffene Fahrgeschwindigkeit des Fahrzeugs.The transmitter 112 is connected to a memory 104 in which a priority identifier 105 of the vehicle is stored. The priority identifier is exemplified here as "P3" corresponding to a level on a given priority scale. Alternatively, the priority may also be infinitely variable, e.g. be defined as a real number, or as a multidimensional vector. Furthermore, the transmitter 112 is connected to a positioning unit 124, which provides data about the current position of the vehicle. This data may e.g. Geographical coordinates derived from a GPS receiver, as well as navigation targets of a navigation device on board the vehicle, or a speed of travel of the vehicle tapped at the tachometer.

Ein Prioritätsvergleicher 108 steht mit dem Empfänger 106 in Verbindung. Darüber hinaus ist der Prioritätsvergleicher 108, ebenso wie der Sender 112, mit dem Speicher 104 und der Positionierungseinheit 124 verbunden. Der Prioritätsvergleicher 108 liefert Signale an eine Fahrerinformationseinheit 110 zur Ausgabe von Informationen an den Fahrer. Zu diesem Zweck enthält diese geeignete Mittel wie Lautsprecher oder Anzeigeelemente. Weiterhin liefert der Prioritätsvergleicher 108 Signale an eine Fahrzeugsteuerungseinheit 115 die mit der Steuerung 116 des Fahrzeugs verbunden ist und in sie eingreifen kann.A priority comparator 108 is in communication with the receiver 106. In addition, the priority comparator 108, as well as the transmitter 112, is connected to the memory 104 and the positioning unit 124. The priority comparator 108 provides signals to a driver information unit 110 for outputting information to the driver. For this purpose, this contains suitable means such as speakers or display elements. Furthermore, the priority comparator 108 provides signals to a vehicle control unit 115 which is connected to the controller 116 of the vehicle and can intervene in it.

Im Betrieb sendet der Sender 112 ein drahtloses Kommunikationssignal 122 des Fahrzeugs aus, in dem die Prioritätskennung 105 des Fahrzeugs enthalten ist. Nicht gezeigt sind die Positionsinformationen, die der Sender 112 von der Positionierungseinheit 124 erhält und ebenfalls mit dem Kommunikationssignal 122 des Fahrzeugs aussendet. Der Empfänger 106 empfängt gleichzeitig entsprechende Kommunikationssignale 118 eines oder mehrerer anderer Fahrzeuge, die sich in der Nähe befinden. Das gezeigte Kommunikationssignal 118 enthält eine Prioritätskennung 120 eines fremden Fahrzeugs, hier beispielhaft als "P1" gekennzeichnet.In operation, the transmitter 112 transmits a wireless communication signal 122 of the vehicle, which includes the priority identifier 105 of the vehicle. Not shown are the position information that the transmitter 112 receives from the positioning unit 124 and also transmits with the communication signal 122 of the vehicle. The receiver 106 simultaneously receives corresponding communication signals 118 from one or more other nearby vehicles. The communication signal 118 shown contains a priority identifier 120 of a foreign vehicle, identified here by way of example as "P1".

Figur 2 zeigt ein Ablaufdiagramm eines Verfahrens zur Verkehrs lenkung zwischen einem ersten Fahrzeug und einem zweiten Fahrzeug gemäß einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung, z.B. mittels Fahrerassistenzvorrichtungen wie der in Fig. 1 gezeigten, die jeweils in den Fahrzeugen installiert sind. FIG. 2 shows a flowchart of a method for traffic guidance between a first vehicle and a second vehicle according to an embodiment of the invention, for example by means of driver assistance devices such as in Fig. 1 shown, which are each installed in the vehicles.

In einem ersten Schritt 200 wird eine Prioritätskennung des ersten Fahrzeugs gespeichert, beispielsweise in einem Speicher wie dem in Fig. 1 gezeigten. In einem weiteren Schritt 208 wird diese Prioritätskennung als Bestandteil eines drahtlosen Kommunikationssignals des Fahrzeugs ausgesendet, so dass in der Nähe befindliche weitere Fahrzeuge, darunter auch das erwähnte zweite Fahrzeug, die Priorität des ersten Fahrzeugs dem Signal entnehmen können.In a first step 200, a priority identifier of the first vehicle is stored, for example in a memory like the one in FIG Fig. 1 shown. In a further step 208, this priority identifier is transmitted as part of a wireless communication signal of the vehicle, so that located nearby other vehicles, including the aforementioned second vehicle, the priority of the first vehicle can refer to the signal.

In Schritt 202 wird umgekehrt ein drahtloses Empfangssignal des zweiten Fahrzeugs empfangen. Dieses Empfangssignal umfasst in analoger Weise eine Prioritätskennung des zweiten Fahrzeugs. Ebenfalls enthalten sind Positionsdaten des zweiten Fahrzeugs, wie z.B. Ort, Geschwindigkeit und eine Kennung der Straße und Fahrspur, auf denen das zweite Fahrzeug sich bewegt. In Verzweigungsschritt 204 wird verglichen, ob die Prioritätskennung des zweiten Fahrzeugs eine höhere Priorität kennzeichnet als die Prioritätskennung des ersten Fahrzeugs. Der Vergleich kann z.B. ein einfacher Größenvergleich zweier reeller Zahlen sein, oder auch eine nach einem beliebigen, vorbestimmten Algorithmus ablaufende Auswertung einer aus verschiedenen Bestandteilen zusammengesetzten komplexen Prioritätskennung. Wenn die Prioritätskennung des zweiten Fahrzeugs keine höhere Priorität kennzeichnet als die Prioritätskennung des ersten Fahrzeugs, wird zu Alternative 218 verzweigt und in Schritt 208 erneut ein Kommunikationssignal gesendet.Conversely, in step 202, a wireless reception signal of the second vehicle is received. This received signal comprises in an analogous manner a priority identifier of the second vehicle. Also included are position data of the second vehicle, such as location, speed and an identifier of the road and lane on which the second vehicle is moving. In branching step 204, it is compared whether the priority identifier of the second vehicle is higher in priority than the priority identifier of the first vehicle. The comparison may, for example, be a simple comparison of the sizes of two real numbers, or else an evaluation of a complex priority identifier composed of different constituents, which takes place according to any predetermined algorithm. If the priority identifier of the second vehicle does not indicate a higher priority than the priority identifier of the first vehicle, a branch is made to alternative 218 and a communication signal is sent again in step 208.

Kennzeichnet jedoch die Prioritätskennung des zweiten Fahrzeugs eine höhere Priorität als die Prioritätskennung des ersten Fahrzeugs, wird zu Alternative 216 verzweigt. In Schritt 210 werden sodann Positionsdaten des ersten Fahrzeugs ermittelt. Alternativ kann dieses Ermitteln auch zu Beginn des Verfahrens erfolgen, so dass die Positionsdaten des ersten Fahrzeugs beispielsweise mit dem in Schritt 208 übertragenen Kommunikationssignal ausgesendet werden können.However, if the priority identifier of the second vehicle has a higher priority than the priority identifier of the first vehicle, a branch is made to alternative 216. In step 210, position data of the first vehicle are then determined. Alternatively, this determination can also be made at the beginning of the method, so that the position data of the first vehicle can be transmitted, for example, with the communication signal transmitted in step 208.

In Verzweigungsschritt 212 wird anhand der Positionsdaten des ersten Fahrzeugs und der Positionsdaten des zweiten Fahrzeugs beurteilt, ob eine Begegnung des ersten Fahrzeugs und des zweiten Fahrzeugs bevorsteht. Ist dies nicht der Fall, wird das Fahrzeug ignoriert, nach Alternative 222 verzweigt und das Verfahren mit dem erneuten Aussenden des Kommunikationssignals in Schritt 208 fortgesetzt. Zeigt sich jedoch, dass eine Begegnung des ersten Fahrzeugs und des zweiten Fahrzeugs bevorsteht, wird nach Alternative 220 verzweigt und in Schritt 206 eine Information an einen Fahrer des ersten Fahrzeugs ausgegeben, zum Beispiel durch ein optisches oder akustisches Signal. In Schritt 214 greift die Fahrerassistenzvorrichtung aktiv in die Steuerung ein, beispielsweise um das erste Fahrzeug vor der voraussichtlichen Begegnung mit dem zweiten Fahrzeug ausweichen zu lassen.In branching step 212, whether or not an encounter of the first vehicle and the second vehicle is imminent is judged based on the position data of the first vehicle and the position data of the second vehicle. If this is not the case, the vehicle is ignored, branched to alternative 222 and the method continues with the retransmission of the communication signal in step 208. If, however, it appears that an encounter of the first vehicle and the second vehicle is imminent, a branch is made to alternative 220 and, in step 206, information is output to a driver of the first vehicle, for example by an optical or acoustic signal. In step 214, the driver assistance device actively intervenes in the control, for example, to avoid the first vehicle before the probable encounter with the second vehicle.

Figur 3 zeigt eine Sicht von oben auf ein solches Ausweichmanöver. Zu sehen ist ein Abschnitt einer Straße 300 mit einer rechten Fahrspur 304 und einer linken Fahrspur 302, auf dem sich drei Fahrzeuge 306, 308, 310 bewegen. An jedem Fahrzeug befindet sich eine Antenne 314, 314', 314", die ein Kommunikationssignal einer jeweils installierten Fahrerassistenzvorrichtung abstrahlt. Dabei ist die Priorität des vom fahrenden Fahrzeugs 306 als "P2" gekennzeichnet, während die Prioritäten der hinten fahrenden Fahrzeuge 308, 310 jeweils mit "P1" gekennzeichnet sind. Jedes Fahrzeug 306, 308, 310 empfängt die Kommunikationssignale der jeweils anderen Fahrzeuge. FIG. 3 shows a view from above of such an evasive maneuver. A section of a road 300 with a right lane 304 and a left lane 302, on which three vehicles 306, 308, 310 move, can be seen. At each vehicle there is an antenna 314, 314 ', 314 "radiating a communication signal of a respectively installed driver assistance device, wherein the priority of the driving vehicle 306 is designated as" P2 "while the priorities of the rear driving vehicles 308, 310 are respectively Each vehicle 306, 308, 310 receives the communication signals of the respective other vehicles.

Dabei stellt insbesondere die Fahrerassistenzvorrichtung im vom fahrenden Fahrzeug 306 fest, dass die hinten fahrenden Fahrzeuge 310, 308 eine höhere Priorität besitzen. Zum Verständnis der Darstellung soll zudem angenommen werden, dass die empfangenen Positionsdaten des hinten links fahrenden Fahrzeugs 310 eine höhere Fahrgeschwindigkeit, die empfangenen Positionsdaten des hinten rechts fahrenden Fahrzeugs 308 eine höhere Fahrgeschwindigkeit anzeigen. Unter diesen Voraussetzungen kommt die Fahrerassistenzvorrichtung zu dem Urteil, dass eine Begegnung mit dem hinten links fahrenden Fahrzeug 310, nicht jedoch mit dem hinten rechts fahrenden Fahrzeug 308 bevorsteht. Dementsprechend wird eine Information an den Fahrer des vom fahrenden Fahrzeugs 306 ausgegeben und durch die Fahrzeugsteuerungseinheit ein Ausweichmanöver 312 von der linken 302 auf die rechte 304 Fahrspur eingeleitet.In particular, the driver assistance device detects in the moving vehicle 306 that the rear-driving vehicles 310, 308 have a higher priority. In order to understand the illustration, it should also be assumed that the received position data of the rear-left vehicle 310 has a higher vehicle speed, the position data received from the rear-right Vehicle 308 indicate a higher vehicle speed. Under these conditions, the driver assistance device comes to the conclusion that an encounter with the rear-left vehicle 310, but not with the rear-right vehicle 308 is imminent. Accordingly, information is output to the driver of the traveling vehicle 306 and an evasive maneuver 312 is initiated by the vehicle control unit from the left 302 to the right 304 lane.

Claims (10)

  1. Driver assistance device (100) for a vehicle (306, 308, 310) or in a vehicle (306, 308, 310), having:
    a memory (104) which stores an own-priority identifier (105) of the vehicle;
    a receiver (106) which receives a wireless external signal (118) which comprises an external-priority identifier (120) of a second vehicle;
    a priority comparator (108) which carries out a comparison to determine whether the external-priority identifier characterizes a higher priority than the own-priority identifier;
    a driver information unit (110) which outputs an information item to a driver of the vehicle if the external-priority identifier characterizes a higher priority than the own-priority identifier, wherein in addition the received wireless external signal (118) comprises position data of the second vehicle.
  2. Driver assistance device (100) according to Claim 1,
    characterized
    in that a transmitter (112) is also provided which transmits a wireless own-signal (122), comprising the own-priority identifier, of the vehicle (306, 308, 310).
  3. Driver assistance device (100) according to Claim 1 or 2,
    characterized
    in that a converter (114) is also provided which retransmits the information of the wireless external signal (118).
  4. Driver assistance device (100) according to one of Claims 1 to 3,
    characterized
    in that a vehicle control unit (115) is also provided which intervenes in a controller (116) of the vehicle (102) if the external-priority identifier characterizes a higher priority than the own-priority identifier.
  5. Method for traffic guidance between a first vehicle (306) and a second vehicle (310), having the steps:
    storage (200) of a priority identifier (105) of the first vehicle;
    reception (202) of a wireless reception signal (118) which comprises a priority identifier (120) of the second vehicle;
    comparison (204) to determine whether the priority identifier of the second vehicle characterizes a higher priority than the priority identifier of the first vehicle; and
    outputting (206) of an information item to a driver of the first vehicle if the priority identifier of the second vehicle characterizes a higher priority than the priority identifier of the first vehicle,
    wherein in addition the received wireless reception signal (118) comprises position data of the second vehicle.
  6. Method according to Claim 5,
    characterized
    in that a step of transmitting (208) a wireless transmission signal (122), which comprises the priority identifier (105) of the first vehicle (306), is also provided.
  7. Method according to Claim 5 or 6,
    characterized
    in that the following steps are also provided:
    acquisition (210) of position data of the first vehicle (306); and
    assessment, (212) on the basis of the position data of the first vehicle and the position data of the second vehicle, of whether an encounter between the first vehicle and the second vehicle is imminent;
    wherein the information is output to the driver only if an encounter between the first vehicle and the second vehicle is imminent.
  8. Method according to one of Claims 5 to 7,
    characterized
    in that the position data of the first vehicle (306) and of the second vehicle (310) comprise data relating to a direction of movement of the first or second vehicle, respectively, and in particular a navigation destination, a velocity and/or a lane assignment.
  9. Method according to one of Claims 5 to 8,
    characterized
    in that a step of intervention (214) into a controller (116) of the first vehicle is also provided if the external-priority identifier characterizes a higher priority than the own-priority identifier.
  10. Method according to Claim 9,
    characterized
    in that the intervention (214) into the controller takes place in such a way that the first vehicle (306) avoids (312) the second vehicle (310), and in particular carries out an avoidance manoeuvre from a first lane (302) to a second lane (304).
EP07118535A 2006-12-14 2007-10-16 Driver support device and method for traffic guidance Expired - Fee Related EP1933291B1 (en)

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DE102010007240A1 (en) * 2010-02-09 2011-08-11 Daimler AG, 70327 Method for determining a track course of a route
DE102011119208A1 (en) * 2011-11-23 2013-05-23 Audi Ag Method for traffic flow management, involves assigning priority value to each motor vehicle, comparing priority values, and operating vehicle with lower priority value for carrying out action supporting vehicle with higher priority value
CN104700638B (en) * 2014-08-24 2017-09-29 安徽工程大学 Crossing traffic system and its control method
JP2019530081A (en) * 2016-09-09 2019-10-17 華為技術有限公司Huawei Technologies Co.,Ltd. Vehicle right management method and apparatus, and terminal
JP7251114B2 (en) * 2018-11-19 2023-04-04 トヨタ自動車株式会社 Driving support device, driving support system, and driving support method

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US5594432A (en) * 1994-08-30 1997-01-14 Cobra Electronics Corp. Traffic information warning system
EP1229508B1 (en) * 1999-10-27 2004-04-07 Minguella Llobet, José Maria Help and/or risk signaling means for vehicles and pedestrians using a short range infrared or electromagnetic signaling system
US6363325B1 (en) * 2000-01-31 2002-03-26 International Business Machines Corporation Automotive emergency awareness system

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