EP1925808B1 - Heat exchanger, in particular exhaust gas heat exchanger - Google Patents
Heat exchanger, in particular exhaust gas heat exchanger Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1925808B1 EP1925808B1 EP07022450.6A EP07022450A EP1925808B1 EP 1925808 B1 EP1925808 B1 EP 1925808B1 EP 07022450 A EP07022450 A EP 07022450A EP 1925808 B1 EP1925808 B1 EP 1925808B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- heat exchanger
- exhaust gas
- coating
- gas heat
- protection layer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F19/00—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers
- F28F19/02—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers by using coatings, e.g. vitreous or enamel coatings
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
- F02M26/11—Manufacture or assembly of EGR systems; Materials or coatings specially adapted for EGR systems
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
- F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
- F02M26/22—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories with coolers in the recirculation passage
- F02M26/29—Constructional details of the coolers, e.g. pipes, plates, ribs, insulation or materials
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
- F02M26/50—Arrangements or methods for preventing or reducing deposits, corrosion or wear caused by impurities
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
- F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
- F02M26/35—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories with means for cleaning or treating the recirculated gases, e.g. catalysts, condensate traps, particle filters or heaters
Definitions
- the invention relates to a heat exchanger, in particular exhaust gas heat exchanger, with at least one of a medium, in particular of exhaust gas, acted upon surface of metal, in particular of aluminum or stainless steel, which is provided with a coating.
- the invention also relates to a method for producing a heat exchanger described above.
- Exhaust gas mainly from diesel engines, leads in exhaust gas heat exchangers together with moisture and temperature to corrosion attacks on the metallic materials used. To protect against corrosion, temperature-resistant coatings can be used.
- the WO 2005/089960 A1 discloses a heat exchanger according to the preamble of claim 1 and a method according to the preamble of claim 5.
- the object of the invention is to provide a heat exchanger with a comparison with the prior art improved protective layer.
- the object is in a heat exchanger, in particular exhaust gas heat exchanger, with at least one of a medium, in particular exhaust gas, acted upon surface of metal, in particular of aluminum or stainless steel, which is provided with a coating, achieved in that the coating by a first high operating temperature of more than 250 ° C, in a corrosion-resistant, partially ceramic and difficult to wet oleophobic protective layer can be implemented and / or implemented.
- the heat exchanger is delivered with the unreacted coating and mounted. According to the invention, this coating automatically converts into the desirable and necessary exhaust-gas-side protective layer during the first start-up due to the high operating temperature occurring in the process.
- a preferred embodiment of the heat exchanger is characterized in that the coating and / or the protective layer has catalytically active additives. Advantageously, this can reduce the proportion of unburned hydrocarbons and / or soot. As a result, the power of a coupled to the exhaust gas heat exchanger engine can be optimized, so an optimal heat transfer of the exhaust gas heat exchanger can be ensured.
- the additives can be incorporated directly into the protective layer.
- Another preferred embodiment of the heat exchanger is characterized in that the additives are microencapsulated.
- a further preferred embodiment of the heat exchanger is characterized in that the coating and / or the protective layer comprises nanoparticles.
- the nanoparticles can increase the adhesion of the protective layer and its resistance to abrasion.
- the above-described object is achieved by the following step: reacting the coating during operation by the high operating temperature of more than 250 ° C in the protective layer.
- a heat exchanger provided with the coating will be provided with the protective layer by the first startup of the heat exchanger.
- the exhaust gas heat exchanger can be provided with the necessary protective layer already after the first startup.
- the invention relates to an exhaust gas heat exchanger made of aluminum or stainless steel.
- the exhaust gas heat exchanger has a cavity and / or a channel, which is traversed by exhaust gas during operation of the exhaust gas heat exchanger.
- the cavity has a coating with a coating material.
- the coating material may contain catalytically active additives which reduce the proportion of hydrocarbons and soot in the exhaust gas. This will increase the performance of a motor coupled to the exhaust gas heat exchanger positively affects and reduces the performance degradation of the exhaust gas heat exchanger during operation of the engine.
- additives may be incorporated directly in the coating or may be incorporated in the micro-encapsulated form in the form of microcapsules.
- the microcapsules may have a depot effect and release the additives or the catalyst over a longer period.
- the coating material is based on nanotechnology, ie contains nanoparticles. As a result, for example, the adhesion of the coating and its resistance to abrasion can be increased.
- the coating materials may comprise, for example, polymerisable (or polycondensable) organometallic compounds such as Ti, Zr, Si based organometallic compounds (silanes, siloxanes, silazanes, silicates) such as tretra-n-propoxysilane, zirconium n-propoxide, titanium n-propoxide; Trialkoxysilane, the vinyl, methacrylic or epoxy units and / or their halogenated with fluorine, chlorine, bromine and / or iodine derivatives.
- organometallic compounds such as Ti, Zr, Si based organometallic compounds (silanes, siloxanes, silazanes, silicates) such as tretra-n-propoxysilane, zirconium n-propoxide, titanium n-propoxide; Trialkoxysilane, the vinyl, methacrylic or epoxy units and / or their halogenated with fluorine, chlorine, bromine and /
- coating material polymer systems which crosslink at high temperatures and pass by splitting off of low molecular weight compounds in high temperature resistant forms (for example, organic silicone compounds (for example, silicone resins), polyamide-imide paints or the like).
- high temperature resistant forms for example, organic silicone compounds (for example, silicone resins), polyamide-imide paints or the like).
- Such systems can be radiation, temperature or chemical curing.
- additives elements and their compounds from VIII.
- Subgroup ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, osmium, iridium, platinum
- the additives may comprise mixed metal oxides of V.VIII subgroup metals, for example, vanadium and / or manganese.
- the coating material may also comprise particles and / or consist of particles.
- the particles may, for example, oxides, oxide hydrates, nitrides and / or carbides of main group elements, such as aluminum, silicon, indium, boron, and / or transition metals, preferably the IV and V. subgroup and / or cerium and / or zinc and / or metallic particles of, for example, silicon, aluminum, zirconium, titanium. It is also possible to provide coated and / or grafted particles with the aforementioned substances or compounds.
- the particles may be metallic particles of the elements and their compounds from subgroup VIII (ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, osmium, iridium, platinum).
- the particles can have a size between 1 and 50,000 nanometers.
- the particles Preferably, the particles have a size between 1 and 1,000 nanometers, preferably between 1,000 and 10,000 nanometers, preferably between 10,000 and 50,000 nanometers.
- microcapsules may contain the substances and / or compounds listed for the additives and particles.
- the listed coating materials of the coating or the protective layer can be incorporated as a solution in an organic and / or inorganic solvent or as a dispersion in which a chemical compound, in particular salt as a solid, and / or applied as an aerosol, depending on the solubility and the state of aggregation ,
- the application of the coating material can be carried out by methods available according to the prior art.
- the coating material can be made by immersion, forced flooding, filling, steaming and / or aerosol exposure. It is possible to use excess coating material by flowing out of the heat exchanger to remove. In addition, it is possible to accelerate the emptying process, for example, by spinning and / or blowing.
- the protective layer thus applied is dried after application. The drying takes place at temperatures between 60 ° C and 150 ° C, preferably between 80 ° C and 110 ° C. The merely dried layer does not yet have the advantageous properties.
- the formation of the advantageous layer properties takes place at high temperatures, that is, regardless of the drying process, for example at a later date, take place.
- the treatment will be effected by the high temperatures during the operation of the heat exchanger, for example during the operation of an associated vehicle.
- the layer forming at high temperatures has the anti-corrosive properties.
- the formed protective layer may be partially ceramic and / or difficult to wet, in particular oleophobic.
- the required temperatures for forming the layer properties are in a range higher than 250 ° C.
- the protective layers in a temperature range between 250 ° C and 350 ° C, preferably 300 ° C to 1000 ° C, preferably 250 ° C to 500 ° C. , preferably 300 ° C to 700 ° C, preferably 350 ° C to 450 ° C, preferably 400 ° C to 550 ° C, preferably 500 ° C to 700 ° C, are.
- the heat exchanger may include metals such as aluminum and aluminum alloys. Also suitable are steels, in particular Chromium nickel steels, nickel-based alloys, copper, bronze, brass as well as titanium and titanium alloys.
- the coating or the layer composition can be adapted to the respective operating temperature of the heat exchanger, in particular the exhaust gas heat exchanger or intercooler.
- the layer composition can be matched to the material of the heat exchanger.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
- Coating With Molten Metal (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Wärmetauscher, insbesondere Abgaswärmetauscher, mit mindestens einer von einem Medium, insbesondere von Abgas, beaufschlagten Fläche aus Metall, insbesondere aus Aluminium oder Edelstahl, die mit einer Beschichtung versehen ist. Die Erfindung betrifft auch ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines vorab beschriebenen Wärmetauschers.
Abgas, vorwiegend aus Dieselmotoren, führt in Abgaswärmetauschern zusammen mit Feuchtigkeit und Temperatur zu Korrosionsangriffen auf die verwendeten metallischen Werkstoffe. Zum Schutz vor Korrosion können temperaturbeständige Beschichtungen verwendet werden.The invention relates to a heat exchanger, in particular exhaust gas heat exchanger, with at least one of a medium, in particular of exhaust gas, acted upon surface of metal, in particular of aluminum or stainless steel, which is provided with a coating. The invention also relates to a method for producing a heat exchanger described above.
Exhaust gas, mainly from diesel engines, leads in exhaust gas heat exchangers together with moisture and temperature to corrosion attacks on the metallic materials used. To protect against corrosion, temperature-resistant coatings can be used.
Die
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, einen Wärmetauscher mit einer gegenüber dem Stand der Technik verbesserten Schutzschicht bereit zu stellen.
Die Aufgabe ist bei einem Wärmetauscher, insbesondere Abgaswärmetauscher, mit mindestens einer von einem Medium, insbesondere von Abgas, beaufschlagten Fläche aus Metall, insbesondere aus Aluminium oder Edelstahl, die mit einer Beschichtung versehen ist, dadurch gelöst, dass die Beschichtung durch eine erstmalige hohe Betriebstemperatur von mehr als 250°C, in eine korrosionsbeständige, teilkeramische und schwer benetzbare oleophobe Schutzschicht umsetzbar und/oder umgesetzt ist.The object of the invention is to provide a heat exchanger with a comparison with the prior art improved protective layer.
The object is in a heat exchanger, in particular exhaust gas heat exchanger, with at least one of a medium, in particular exhaust gas, acted upon surface of metal, in particular of aluminum or stainless steel, which is provided with a coating, achieved in that the coating by a first high operating temperature of more than 250 ° C, in a corrosion-resistant, partially ceramic and difficult to wet oleophobic protective layer can be implemented and / or implemented.
Der Wärmetauscher wird mit der noch nicht umgesetzten Beschichtung ausgeliefert und montiert. Erfindungsgemäß wandelt sich diese Beschichtung bei der ersten Inbetriebnahme durch die dabei auftretende hohe Betriebstemperatur automatisch in die wünschenswerte und notwendige abgasseitige Schutzschicht um.
Ein bevorzugtes Ausführungsbeispiel des Wärmetauschers ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Beschichtung und/oder die Schutzschicht katalytisch wirkende Additive aufweist. Vorteilhaft kann hierdurch der Anteil an nicht verbrannten Kohlenwasserstoffen und/oder an Ruß reduziert werden. Dadurch kann die Leistung eines an den Abgaswärmetauscher gekoppelten Motors optimiert werden, also ein optimaler Wärmeübergang des Abgaswärmetauschers gewährleistet werden. Die Additive können dazu direkt in die Schutzschicht eingebaut sein.
Ein weiteres bevorzugtes Ausführungsbeispiel des Wärmetauschers ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Additive mikroverkapselt sind. Durch die Mikroverkapselung kann eine Depotwirkung erzielt werden, so dass der Katalysator über längere Zeit kontinuierlich abgegeben wird.
Ein weiteres bevorzugtes Ausführungsbeispiel des Wärmetauschers ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Beschichtung und/oder die Schutzschicht Nanopartikel aufweist. Durch die Nanopartikel kann die Haftung der Schutzschicht sowie deren Beständigkeit gegen Abrieb erhöht werden.
Bei einem Verfahren zur Herstellung eines vorab beschriebenen Wärmetauschers, insbesondere eines Abgaswärmetauschers, ist die oben angegebene Aufgabe durch folgenden Schritt gelöst: Umsetzen der Beschichtung während des Betriebs durch die hohe Betriebstemperatur von mehr als 250 °C in die Schutzschicht.The heat exchanger is delivered with the unreacted coating and mounted. According to the invention, this coating automatically converts into the desirable and necessary exhaust-gas-side protective layer during the first start-up due to the high operating temperature occurring in the process.
A preferred embodiment of the heat exchanger is characterized in that the coating and / or the protective layer has catalytically active additives. Advantageously, this can reduce the proportion of unburned hydrocarbons and / or soot. As a result, the power of a coupled to the exhaust gas heat exchanger engine can be optimized, so an optimal heat transfer of the exhaust gas heat exchanger can be ensured. The additives can be incorporated directly into the protective layer.
Another preferred embodiment of the heat exchanger is characterized in that the additives are microencapsulated. By microencapsulation, a depot effect can be achieved, so that the catalyst is discharged continuously over a longer period.
A further preferred embodiment of the heat exchanger is characterized in that the coating and / or the protective layer comprises nanoparticles. The nanoparticles can increase the adhesion of the protective layer and its resistance to abrasion.
In a method for producing a previously described heat exchanger, in particular an exhaust gas heat exchanger, the above-described object is achieved by the following step: reacting the coating during operation by the high operating temperature of more than 250 ° C in the protective layer.
Erfindungsgemäß wird also ein mit der Beschichtung versehener Wärmetauscher durch die erste Inbetriebnahme des Wärmetauschers mit der Schutzschicht versehen werden.Thus, according to the invention, a heat exchanger provided with the coating will be provided with the protective layer by the first startup of the heat exchanger.
Durch diesen Schritt kann also der Abgaswärmetauscher bereits nach der ersten Inbetriebnahme mit der notwendigen Schutzschicht versehen werden.By this step, therefore, the exhaust gas heat exchanger can be provided with the necessary protective layer already after the first startup.
Hierdurch kann der Wärmetauscher also nicht nur besonders dauerhaft gegen Korrosion geschützt werden, sondern auch während des Betriebes vor den Wirkungsgrad reduzierenden Verschmutzungen bewahrt werden.
Weitere Vorteile, Merkmale und Einzelheiten der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung, in der verschiedene Ausführungsbeispiele im Einzelnen beschrieben sind.
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Abgaswärmetauscher aus Aluminium oder Edelstahl. Der Abgaswärmetauscher weist einen Hohlraum und/oder einen Kanal auf, der im Betrieb des Abgaswärmetauschers von Abgas durchströmt wird. Der Hohlraum weist eine Beschichtung mit einem Beschichtungsstoff auf. Der Beschichtungsstoff kann katalytisch wirkende Additive enthalten, welche den Anteil an Kohlenwasserstoffen und Ruß im Abgas reduzieren. Dadurch wird die Leistung eines an den Abgaswärmetauscher gekoppelten Motors positiv beeinflusst und die Leistungsminderung des Abgaswärmetauschers während des Betriebs des Motors verringert. Diese Additive können direkt in der Beschichtung eingebaut sein oder auch mikroverkapselt in Form von Mikrokapseln in die Schicht eingebaut sein. Dabei können die Mikrokapseln eine Depotwirkung aufweisen und die Additive beziehungsweise den Katalysator über einen längeren Zeitraum abgeben. Außerdem ist es möglich, dass der Beschichtungsstoff auf Nanotechnologie basiert, also Nanopartikel enthält. Hierdurch kann beispielsweise die Haftung der Beschichtung sowie deren Beständigkeit gegen Abrieb erhöht werden.As a result, the heat exchanger can not only be protected against corrosion particularly permanently, but also be preserved during operation against the efficiency reducing contaminants.
Further advantages, features and details of the invention will become apparent from the following description in which various embodiments are described in detail.
The invention relates to an exhaust gas heat exchanger made of aluminum or stainless steel. The exhaust gas heat exchanger has a cavity and / or a channel, which is traversed by exhaust gas during operation of the exhaust gas heat exchanger. The cavity has a coating with a coating material. The coating material may contain catalytically active additives which reduce the proportion of hydrocarbons and soot in the exhaust gas. This will increase the performance of a motor coupled to the exhaust gas heat exchanger positively affects and reduces the performance degradation of the exhaust gas heat exchanger during operation of the engine. These additives may be incorporated directly in the coating or may be incorporated in the micro-encapsulated form in the form of microcapsules. The microcapsules may have a depot effect and release the additives or the catalyst over a longer period. It is also possible that the coating material is based on nanotechnology, ie contains nanoparticles. As a result, for example, the adhesion of the coating and its resistance to abrasion can be increased.
Die Beschichtungsstoffe können beispielsweise polymerisierbare (oder polykondensierbare) metallorganische Verbindungen aufweisen wie zum Beispiel metallorganische Verbindungen auf Ti-, Zr-, Si-Basis (Silane, Siloxane, Silazane, Silikate) wie Tretra-n-Propoxysilan, Zirkonium-n-Propoxid, Titanium-n-Propoxid; Trialkoxysilane, die Vinyl-, Methacryl- oder Epoxy-Einheiten und/oder deren mit Fluor, Chlor, Brom und/oder Jod hallogenierten Derivate.The coating materials may comprise, for example, polymerisable (or polycondensable) organometallic compounds such as Ti, Zr, Si based organometallic compounds (silanes, siloxanes, silazanes, silicates) such as tretra-n-propoxysilane, zirconium n-propoxide, titanium n-propoxide; Trialkoxysilane, the vinyl, methacrylic or epoxy units and / or their halogenated with fluorine, chlorine, bromine and / or iodine derivatives.
Ferner ist es möglich, als Beschichtungsstoff Polymersysteme, die bei hohen Temperaturen vernetzen und durch Abspaltung von niedermolekularen Verbindungen in hochtemperaturbeständige Formen übergehen (zum Beispiel organische Silikonverbindungen (zum Beispiel Silikonharze), Polyamid-Imid-Lacke oder ähnliche) einzusetzen. Solche Systeme können strahlungs-, temperatur- oder chemisch aushärtend sein.Further, it is possible to use as the coating material polymer systems which crosslink at high temperatures and pass by splitting off of low molecular weight compounds in high temperature resistant forms (for example, organic silicone compounds (for example, silicone resins), polyamide-imide paints or the like). Such systems can be radiation, temperature or chemical curing.
Als katalytisch wirkende Additive können Elemente und deren Verbindungen aus der VIII. Nebengruppe (Ruthenium, Rhodium, Palladium, Osmium, Iridium, Platin) verwendet werden. Außerdem können die Additive Mischmetalloxide aus Metallen der V. - VIII. Nebengruppe aufweisen, zum Beispiel Vanadium und/oder Mangan.As catalytically active additives, elements and their compounds from VIII. Subgroup (ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, osmium, iridium, platinum) can be used. In addition, the additives may comprise mixed metal oxides of V.VIII subgroup metals, for example, vanadium and / or manganese.
Der Beschichtungsstoff kann auch Partikel aufweisen und/oder aus Partikeln bestehen.The coating material may also comprise particles and / or consist of particles.
Die Partikel können beispielsweise Oxide, Oxidhydrate, Nitride und/oder Carbide von Hauptgruppenelementen, wie zum Beispiel Aluminium, Silizium, Indium, Bor, und/oder Übergangsmetalle vorzugsweise der IV. und V. Nebengruppe und/oder Cer und/oder Zink und/oder metallische Partikel aus zum Beispiel Silizium, Aluminium, Zirkon, Titan aufweisen. Ferner ist es möglich, mit den vorgenannten Stoffen oder Verbindungen beschichtete und/oder aufgepfropfte Partikel vorzusehen.The particles may, for example, oxides, oxide hydrates, nitrides and / or carbides of main group elements, such as aluminum, silicon, indium, boron, and / or transition metals, preferably the IV and V. subgroup and / or cerium and / or zinc and / or metallic particles of, for example, silicon, aluminum, zirconium, titanium. It is also possible to provide coated and / or grafted particles with the aforementioned substances or compounds.
Außerdem kann es sich bei den Partikeln um metallische Partikel der Elemente und deren Verbindungen aus der VIII. Nebengruppe (Ruthenium, Rhodium, Palladium, Osmium, Iridium, Platin) handeln.In addition, the particles may be metallic particles of the elements and their compounds from subgroup VIII (ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, osmium, iridium, platinum).
Die Partikel können eine Größe zwischen 1 und 50.000 Nanometer aufweisen. Vorzugsweise weisen die Partikel eine Größe zwischen 1 und 1.000 Nanometer, vorzugsweise zwischen 1.000 und 10.000 Nanometer, bevorzugt zwischen 10.000 und 50.000 Nanometer auf.The particles can have a size between 1 and 50,000 nanometers. Preferably, the particles have a size between 1 and 1,000 nanometers, preferably between 1,000 and 10,000 nanometers, preferably between 10,000 and 50,000 nanometers.
Die Mikrokapseln können die zu den Additiven und Partikeln aufgeführten Stoffe und/oder Verbindungen enthalten.The microcapsules may contain the substances and / or compounds listed for the additives and particles.
Die aufgeführten Beschichtungsstoffe der Beschichtung beziehungsweise der Schutzschicht können abhängig von der Löslichkeit und dem Aggregatszustand als Lösung in einem organischen und/oder anorganischen Lösungsmittel oder als Dispersion, in der eine chemische Verbindung, insbesondere Salz als Feststoff, eingearbeitet wurde und/oder als Aerosol appliziert werden.The listed coating materials of the coating or the protective layer can be incorporated as a solution in an organic and / or inorganic solvent or as a dispersion in which a chemical compound, in particular salt as a solid, and / or applied as an aerosol, depending on the solubility and the state of aggregation ,
Die Applikation des Beschichtungsstoffes kann über nach dem Stand der Technik verfügbare Verfahren erfolgen. Insbesondere kann der Beschichtungsstoff durch Tauchen, Zwangsfluten, Befüllen, Bedampfen und/oder Beaufschlagen mit Aerosolen erfolgen. Es ist möglich, überschüssigen Beschichtungsstoff durch Ausfließen aus dem Wärmetauscher zu entfernen. Darüber hinaus ist es möglich, den Entleerungsvorgang beispielsweise durch Schleudern und/oder Ausblasen zu beschleunigen.
Die so aufgebrachte Schutzschicht wird nach der Applikation getrocknet. Die Trocknung erfolgt bei Temperaturen zwischen 60° C und 150° C, bevorzugt zwischen 80° C und 110° C.
Die lediglich getrocknete Schicht weist noch nicht die vorteilhaften Eigenschaften aus.
Die Ausbildung der vorteilhaften Schichteigenschaften erfolgt bei hohen Temperaturen, kann also unabhängig von dem Trocknungsvorgang, beispielsweise zu einem späteren Zeitpunkt, erfolgen. Erfindungsgemäß wird die Behandlung durch die hohen Temperaturen während des Betriebs des Wärmetauschers, zum Beispiel während des Betriebs eines dazugehörigen Fahrzeuges, erfolgen.The application of the coating material can be carried out by methods available according to the prior art. In particular, the coating material can be made by immersion, forced flooding, filling, steaming and / or aerosol exposure. It is possible to use excess coating material by flowing out of the heat exchanger to remove. In addition, it is possible to accelerate the emptying process, for example, by spinning and / or blowing.
The protective layer thus applied is dried after application. The drying takes place at temperatures between 60 ° C and 150 ° C, preferably between 80 ° C and 110 ° C.
The merely dried layer does not yet have the advantageous properties.
The formation of the advantageous layer properties takes place at high temperatures, that is, regardless of the drying process, for example at a later date, take place. According to the invention, the treatment will be effected by the high temperatures during the operation of the heat exchanger, for example during the operation of an associated vehicle.
Die sich bei den hohen Temperaturen ausbildende Schicht besitzt die korrosionsschützenden Eigenschaften. Darüber hinaus kann die ausgebildete Schutzschicht teilkeramisch und/oder schwer benetzbar sein, insbesondere oleophob. Die erforderlichen Temperaturen zur Ausbildung der Schichteigenschaften liegen in einem Bereich höher als 250° C. Vorteilhaft können die Schutzschichten in einem Temperaturbereich zwischen 250° C und 350° C, vorzugsweise 300° C bis 1000° C, bevorzugt 250° C bis 500° C, bevorzugt 300° C bis 700° C, bevorzugt 350° C bis 450° C, bevorzugt 400° C bis 550° C, bevorzugt 500° C bis 700° C, liegen.
Der Wärmetauscher kann Metalle, wie beispielsweise Aluminium und Aluminiumlegierungen aufweisen. Geeignet sind auch Stähle, insbesondere Chromnickelstähle, Nickelbasislegierungen, Kupfer, Bronze, Messing sowie Titan und Titanlegierungen.The layer forming at high temperatures has the anti-corrosive properties. In addition, the formed protective layer may be partially ceramic and / or difficult to wet, in particular oleophobic. The required temperatures for forming the layer properties are in a range higher than 250 ° C. Advantageously, the protective layers in a temperature range between 250 ° C and 350 ° C, preferably 300 ° C to 1000 ° C, preferably 250 ° C to 500 ° C. , preferably 300 ° C to 700 ° C, preferably 350 ° C to 450 ° C, preferably 400 ° C to 550 ° C, preferably 500 ° C to 700 ° C, are.
The heat exchanger may include metals such as aluminum and aluminum alloys. Also suitable are steels, in particular Chromium nickel steels, nickel-based alloys, copper, bronze, brass as well as titanium and titanium alloys.
Vorteilhaft kann die Beschichtung beziehungsweise die Schichtzusammensetzung auf die jeweilige Betriebstemperatur des Wärmetauschers, insbesondere des Abgaswärmetauschers beziehungsweise Ladeluftkühlers, angepasst werden. Außerdem kann die Schichtzusammensetzung auf das Material des Wärmetauschers abgestimmt werden.Advantageously, the coating or the layer composition can be adapted to the respective operating temperature of the heat exchanger, in particular the exhaust gas heat exchanger or intercooler. In addition, the layer composition can be matched to the material of the heat exchanger.
Claims (5)
- A heat exchanger, in particular an exhaust gas heat exchanger, with at least one surface made of metal, in particular of aluminium or stainless steel, on which a medium, in particular exhaust gas, impinges and which is provided with a coating, characterised in that the coating can be converted and/or is converted into a corrosion-resistant, partially ceramic oleophobic protection layer which is difficult to wet by an initial high operating temperature of more than 250°C.
- The heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterised in that the coating and/or the protection layer has catalytically acting additives.
- The heat exchanger according to the preceding claim, characterised in that the additives are microencapsulated.
- The heat exchanger according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the coating and/or the protection layer has nanoparticles.
- A method for producing a heat exchanger, in particular an exhaust gas heat exchanger, according to one of the preceding claims, characterised by the following step:- Converting the coating into the protection layer by the high operating temperature of more than 250°C during operation.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102006054723A DE102006054723A1 (en) | 2006-11-21 | 2006-11-21 | Heat exchanger, in particular exhaust gas heat exchanger |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1925808A2 EP1925808A2 (en) | 2008-05-28 |
| EP1925808A3 EP1925808A3 (en) | 2013-03-06 |
| EP1925808B1 true EP1925808B1 (en) | 2018-10-03 |
Family
ID=38893999
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP07022450.6A Expired - Fee Related EP1925808B1 (en) | 2006-11-21 | 2007-11-20 | Heat exchanger, in particular exhaust gas heat exchanger |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1925808B1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102006054723A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ES2399036B1 (en) * | 2010-06-28 | 2014-01-28 | Valeo Térmico, S.A. | HEAT EXCHANGER FOR GASES IN SPECIAL EXHAUST GASES OF A MOTOR. |
| DE102013100887A1 (en) * | 2013-01-29 | 2014-07-31 | Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh | Guide plate in the heat exchanger |
| US20170131046A1 (en) * | 2015-11-09 | 2017-05-11 | Electro-Motive Diesel, Inc. | Foul-resistant heat exhanger |
| DE102020203339A1 (en) * | 2020-03-16 | 2021-09-16 | Mahle International Gmbh | Heat exchanger |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3809774A1 (en) * | 1987-10-29 | 1989-10-05 | Rennebeck Klaus | Process for separating off soot from exhaust gases with desulphurisation and catalysis |
| IT1248980B (en) * | 1990-06-22 | 1995-02-11 | Nuovo Pignone Spa | PERFECTED COPPER HEAT EXCHANGER FOR WALL BOILERS |
| DE50200547C5 (en) * | 2002-07-31 | 2007-09-20 | Esk Ceramics Gmbh & Co. Kg | Ceramic coating for combustion boiler |
| DE102004013306A1 (en) * | 2004-03-17 | 2005-10-06 | Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg | coating process |
| EP1864005A1 (en) * | 2005-03-24 | 2007-12-12 | Behr GmbH & Co. KG | Exhaust gas heat exchanger, in particular an exhaust gas cooler for exhaust gas recirculation in a motor vehicle |
-
2006
- 2006-11-21 DE DE102006054723A patent/DE102006054723A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2007
- 2007-11-20 EP EP07022450.6A patent/EP1925808B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| None * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP1925808A3 (en) | 2013-03-06 |
| DE102006054723A1 (en) | 2008-05-29 |
| EP1925808A2 (en) | 2008-05-28 |
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