EP1923138B1 - Method and atomiser for serial coating of workpieces - Google Patents
Method and atomiser for serial coating of workpieces Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1923138B1 EP1923138B1 EP08002656A EP08002656A EP1923138B1 EP 1923138 B1 EP1923138 B1 EP 1923138B1 EP 08002656 A EP08002656 A EP 08002656A EP 08002656 A EP08002656 A EP 08002656A EP 1923138 B1 EP1923138 B1 EP 1923138B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- atomiser
- spray
- spray cone
- workpiece
- coating
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B5/00—Electrostatic spraying apparatus; Spraying apparatus with means for charging the spray electrically; Apparatus for spraying liquids or other fluent materials by other electric means
- B05B5/025—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns
- B05B5/04—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns characterised by having rotary outlet or deflecting elements, i.e. spraying being also effected by centrifugal forces
- B05B5/0426—Means for supplying shaping gas
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B5/00—Electrostatic spraying apparatus; Spraying apparatus with means for charging the spray electrically; Apparatus for spraying liquids or other fluent materials by other electric means
- B05B5/025—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns
- B05B5/04—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns characterised by having rotary outlet or deflecting elements, i.e. spraying being also effected by centrifugal forces
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B5/00—Electrostatic spraying apparatus; Spraying apparatus with means for charging the spray electrically; Apparatus for spraying liquids or other fluent materials by other electric means
- B05B5/025—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns
- B05B5/04—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns characterised by having rotary outlet or deflecting elements, i.e. spraying being also effected by centrifugal forces
- B05B5/0403—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns characterised by having rotary outlet or deflecting elements, i.e. spraying being also effected by centrifugal forces characterised by the rotating member
- B05B5/0407—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns characterised by having rotary outlet or deflecting elements, i.e. spraying being also effected by centrifugal forces characterised by the rotating member with a spraying edge, e.g. like a cup or a bell
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for coating a workpiece and an atomizer for the series coating of workpieces with outlet openings for a gas flow confining the spray cone according to the preamble of the independent claims.
- it is the control of the shaping air of electrostatic rotary atomizers, as used for the serial coating of workpieces such as e.g. Vehicle bodies are common.
- the invention is suitable for any coating material including wet paint and powder paint.
- annular gap-shaped Auslassö Stammsan can be provided for the shaping air.
- an outer annular gap is provided in addition to a radially inner annular gap for the actual steering air, which is fed by the same source of compressed air as the inner annular gap.
- the gap width of one or both annular gaps is adjustable.
- the supplied by the additional annular gap outer air jacket has the task to compensate for the resulting from the color cloud in cooperation with the inner air jacket edge turbulence and due to the color particles breaking out into the cloud.
- Rotary atomisers are also known in which, in addition to radially inner air openings, radially outer auxiliary air outlet openings are provided to prevent backward movement of the paint particles into the atomizer.
- nebulizers which differ in diameter, spray direction and Lenkluftmenge and should be selected depending on the shape of the object to be coated and the color used, etc., for example, large diameter for outer surfaces and small diameter for interior surfaces of vehicle bodies.
- JP 08099052 A describes rotary atomizers whose directing air ring has concentric nozzle arrangements for a first air flow directed towards the bell-setter edge and a second airflow directed towards the bell-tower circumference which are simultaneously generated by air sources of conveniently adjustable air volumes.
- the purpose of the first air flow directed at the bell-shaped edge is a support of paint atomization, referred to as micro-atomization, while the second air flow directed towards the circumference of the bell cup is intended to expand the spray cone.
- JP 09094488 A describes various rotary atomizers whose shaping air rings contain two or more concentric nozzle arrangements for air flows which intersect in suitable directions and which are intended to ensure uniform micro atomization in the spray cone, in particular of metallic paint and good application efficiency.
- all nozzles are fed from a common air channel.
- different separate air streams are generated for the atomization function or for spray jet forming, the supply channels are connected to their own, individually adjustable air sources.
- the air nozzles may be formed as supersonic nozzles.
- JP 60025564 and JP 60054754 disclose rotary atomizer with concentric to the rotation and spray cone axis Lenkluftö réelleen that are covered to flatten the spray cone partly with mechanically adjustable aperture or are only partially circular in a mechanically adjustable ring body.
- US Pat. No. 4,844,347 discloses an air atomizer, whose liquid jet atomized by atomizing air is compressed by the usual horn air jet with the help of an additional fan air jet.
- the horn air supply and the fan air supply are located on a common compressed air supply, which is opposite to the atomizing air supply is separately controllable.
- the compressed air for horn and fan air is switched off, there is an omnidirectional spray when the atomizing air is switched on.
- the color jet changes with increasing air pressure via an oval design to a pronounced flat jet.
- a slit-shaped or semi-circular additional air nozzle for forming the spray cone into an asymmetrical shape is provided on the radially outside of the bell cup on one side only are.
- EP-A 0 878 238 Furthermore, a rotary atomizer with radially outer shaping air holes and radially inner auxiliary air holes is known. The auxiliary air from the radially inner holes is used in flushing the outer surface of the bell cup in coating pauses.
- the invention has for its object to avoid the disadvantages and to provide a method or a nebulizer, which allows the adjustment of the spray jet width without mechanical control of Auslassö Stammsan instrument in a much wider range than previously and yet optimal coating operation with good order efficiency and good Lackiertown guarantee.
- the at least two shaping air flows (or other gas flows having the same purpose) which are regulated in the closed loop are normally not generated simultaneously, but are optionally used as a function of the workpieces or workpiece areas to be coated. It is also the simultaneous one Combined use of both separately from the other separately regulated air currents possible.
- the invention enables the painting of complex workpiece geometries and especially of complete bodies including interior, exterior and detail painting with the same rotary atomizer with maximum achievable paint application efficiency by specifically set spray jet widths in the entire required area.
- the spray jet widths can each be optimally adapted to the object to be coated.
- the in Fig. 1 illustrated electrostatic high-speed rotary atomizer correspond to the prior art, for example, according to the already mentioned DE 4306800 .
- the on In the known manner sits on the bell cup 1 facing the front end of the atomizer 2 coaxially with the Zerstäuberachse 3 a shaping air ring 4.
- the radially extending end face 5 of the shaping air ring 4 which faces the bell cup 1 and thus the spray cone formed by the sprayed coating material, open the bores 12, 13 described below for the leaving air for adjusting the spray jet width. Due to the uninterrupted continuous outer shape of the entire Zerstäuber architectures Heilverwirbelonne be avoided around the atomizer and undesirable influence of Absprühvorgangs on the bell cup 1 and contamination of the atomizer housing ,
- the end face 5 of the shaping air ring 4 can be located axially behind the bell cup 1 as in the illustrated embodiment, wherein it can extend as shown radially inwardly to close to the hollow shaft of the bell cup driving air turbine.
- the shaping air ring could also be inserted completely into the open front end of the atomizer housing. In other embodiments, however, the shaping air ring may also extend with its outlet opening arrangement axially further forward beyond the bell cup.
- Fig. 2a and Fig. 2b show the directing ring 4 for themselves.
- In its end face 5 open onto two to the Zerstäuberachse 3 ( Fig. 1 ) and thus to the coinciding with them Sprühkegelachse concentric pitch circles 10 and 11 with different diameters each of wreaths distributed with uniform angular intervals Lenkluftbohrept 12 and 13 respectively.
- the bores 12 and 13 each open parallel to the axis in the end face, but are also other arrangements possible.
- the radially inner bores 13 are fed by an annular channel 14 within the shaping air ring 4, which is connected to a (not shown) compressed air line of the atomizer, while the outer bores 12 of the shaping air ring 4 from the end face 5 from first axially and then as shown with a rear part 16 extend approximately parallel to the peripheral surface 7 radially outwardly to an annular channel 17 which is formed with built-in shaping ring between the back and the adjacent parts of the atomizer and is fed by another compressed air line of the atomizer.
- the two compressed air lines mentioned can be connected, for example, each with a compressed air connection of the atomizer for external lines, which can each lead to its own air control system.
- the compressed air lines can also be connected via a switching valve controlled as a function of the workpiece area to be coated in each case to a bore 12 and 13 common air control system.
- the switching valve need not be located outside of the atomizer, but may also be installed in the atomizer, for example in the valve unit 18, so that then only a single external steering air connection is required.
- the shaping air could also be regulated within the atomizer.
- the first controlled shaping air is preferably obtained from the radially inner bores 13 for setting wider spray jets (for example for SB 50% from 250 to 300 mm) for exterior painting used, while with the separated separately from the first shaping air second shaping air from the holes 12 on the larger pitch circle 10 narrower spray jets (for example SB 50% from 50 to 300 mm) are set for detail and interior painting, it may be appropriate when the two areas overlap (as in the example considered).
- the spray jet width can be adjusted in the entire area required for exterior, interior and detail painting (in the example under consideration 50 to 550 mm) without interrupting the coating operation and without accepting significant disadvantages.
- the two steering joints can be used and controlled separately, ie while the atomizer works with one lenk Kunststoff, the other steering air can be switched off.
- the emerging behind the bell cup 1 first steering air from the inner bores 13 is relatively far back on the conically tapering rear peripheral surface of the bell cup 1, wherein the bell cup an air cushion generated and thereby advantageously a uniform air distribution is effected during atomization.
- the second shaping air from the outer bores 12 can be directed so that it impinges on the paint material to be sputtered or already partially atomized by the rotation at a small radial distance (for example of the order of 1 mm) outside the spray edge of the bell cup a stronger constriction of the spray is caused than by the shaping air from the inner bores so that maximum application efficiency is achieved and difficult to reach or small workpiece areas can be coated well.
- Fig. 3 the front part of a mounted for example on the wrist of a robot electrostatic rotary atomizer for powder coating or other powder coating material shown in longitudinal section.
- the atomizer contains a powered by compressed air drive turbine 30 for example, in the front end of the hollow shaft 31 fixed rotating atomizer 33.
- the hollow shaft 31 extends coaxially serving as a powder channel of the atomizer cylindrical tube 32 into the hub portion 35 of the bell 33 into where he presents as shown axially outside of the atomizer 36 opens.
- the powder tube 32 is connected in the atomizer to a powder hose (not shown) coming from an external air and powder supply.
- the atomizer 33 is in a known manner ( EP 1238710 ; US 5353995 ) substantially of an outer part 38 attached to the hub part 35, which has an inner conical surface 40 of the form shown, and an inner part 42 seated in the space in front of the surface 40, which faces one of the surface 40 to form a gap channel 44 Inner surface 46 and is rigidly connected to the outer part 38.
- the gap channel 44 is thus bounded by the two conical surfaces 40 and 46.
- the radially outer peripheral surface 49 of the outer and axially rear, ie the main part of the atomizer facing bell member 38 is shown extending (and in contrast to the mentioned known powder bells) only slightly conically widening forward so that they with the axis of rotation at an acute angle of preferably less than 20 °, in the illustrated example about 5 °.
- the coating powder can be charged to high voltage in the usual way.
- a controllable shaping air flow 50 (or other gas flow) which surrounds or surrounds the spray cone in an annular manner acts, which can be directed approximately parallel to the axis.
- the directions indicated by the illustrated arrows may be such that they do not intersect the outer surface of the bell 33, but pass close to the bell.
- the radially outer gas flow 51 may be directed approximately to the powder exit point of the atomizer 33.
- the radially outer flow 51 is not circular in shape here as the flow 50, but consists of separate, for example, flat upper and lower parts that flatten (ovalize) when hitting the inner flow 50 and the spray cone in an oval cross-sectional shape.
- the provided for this purpose outlet openings are in the schematic representation of Fig. 4 recognizable. While the annular shaping air flow 50 emerges from the ring concentrically surrounding the axis of rotation of a plurality of openings 52, two straight slots 53 and 53 'can be provided for the two planar parts of the flow 51, which are tangent to one another to the circular ring formed by the openings 52 on opposite sides of the axis of rotation are parallel.
- the slots 53, 53 ' are so symmetrical to the axis of rotation that the perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of its mouth opening connecting its center line intersects the axis of rotation.
- the slots 53, 53 ' are fed by compressed air lines 54 on their atomizer side. Instead of the two slots and parallel rows of each sufficiently large openings could be effective.
- the shaping air openings 52 and / or the ovalization slots 53, 53 ' may be located in an annular body 55 which is removably and quickly and easily fastened to another atomizing air ring with another outlet opening arrangement interchangeable with the atomizer.
- the atomizing bell 33 With the shaping air ring, the atomizing bell 33 can also be adapted to the workpiece area to be coated be replaced with another bell. The remaining part of the rotary atomizer can remain unchanged.
- the bells and Lenkluftringe can be changed automatically, for example by controlling the robot.
- a significant advantage of the rotary atomizer described here is that the same base atomizer can be used for example in the program-controlled body painting both for the outer surfaces and for the automatic interior painting.
- For the interior painting it is expedient to produce a round steel with a smaller diameter than in the exterior painting, which is ovalized from the slits 53, 53 'by the plane-effect air flow acting on the powder discharge point of the atomizing bell 33.
- the rotary atomizer coat all or at least different workpiece surfaces with the same bell and the same outlet opening arrangement, wherein only the gas flows 50, 51 are changed by means of the control circuits for adaptation to the respective workpiece areas.
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- Electrostatic Spraying Apparatus (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
- Spray Control Apparatus (AREA)
- Nozzles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Beschichtung eines Werkstücks und einen Zerstäuber für die Serienbeschichtung von Werkstücken mit Auslassöffnungen für eine den Sprühkegel eingrenzende Gasströmung gemäß dem Oberbegriff der unabhängigen Patentansprüche. Insbesondere handelt es sich um die Steuerung der Lenkluft von elektrostatischen Rotationszerstäubern, wie sie für die Serienbeschichtung von Werkstücken wie z.B. Fahrzeugkarossen üblich sind. Es kann sich aber auch um andere Arten von Zerstäubern handeln. Die Erfindung eignet sich für beliebiges Beschichtungsmaterial einschließlich Nasslack und Pulverlack.The invention relates to a method for coating a workpiece and an atomizer for the series coating of workpieces with outlet openings for a gas flow confining the spray cone according to the preamble of the independent claims. In particular, it is the control of the shaping air of electrostatic rotary atomizers, as used for the serial coating of workpieces such as e.g. Vehicle bodies are common. But it can also be other types of atomizers. The invention is suitable for any coating material including wet paint and powder paint.
In üblichen Rotationszerstäubern (
Statt Bohrungen können auch ringspaltförmige Auslassöffnungsanordnungen für die Lenkluft vorgesehen sein. Bei einem aus der
Es sind auch Rotationszerstäuber bekannt, bei denen zusätzlich zu radial inneren Luftöffnungen radial äußere Hilfs-Auslassöffnungen für Luft vorgesehen sind, die eine Rückwärtsbewegung der Farbpartikel in den Zerstäuber verhindern soll.Rotary atomisers are also known in which, in addition to radially inner air openings, radially outer auxiliary air outlet openings are provided to prevent backward movement of the paint particles into the atomizer.
Generell besteht bei Zerstäubern das Problem, dass für unterschiedliche Werkstückbereiche verschieden breite Sprühkegel erforderlich sind. Bekannte Hochgeschwindigkeits-Rotationszerstäubungssysteme beispielsweise für die Lackierung von Fahrzeugkarossen werden vorzugsweise so ausgelegt, dass für Bereiche der Flächenlackierung Glockenteller mit größerem Durchmesser eingesetzt und Sprühstrahlbreiten (definiert als "SB 50%", d.h. als Breite bei 50% der maximalen Schichtdicke des Einzelprofils) von ca. 300 bis 550 mm eingestellt werden. Für die Detail- und Innenraumlackierung sowie für Anbau- und Kleinteile wie Spiegel, Leisten und Stoßfänger sind dagegen kleinere Glockenteller und Strahleinstellungen von 180 - 300 mm zweckmäßiger. Bei kleineren oder schmaleren Sprühbildern ist der als Verhältnis zwischen abgesprühtem Material und sich niederschlagendem Material definierte Lackauftragungswirkungsgrad höher als bei breiteren Sprühbildern, wodurch erhebliche Lack- und Kostenersparnisse erreicht werden.In general, there is the problem with atomizers that different width spraying cones are required for different workpiece areas. Known high-speed Rotationszerstäubungssysteme, for example, for the painting of vehicle bodies are preferably designed so that used for areas of surface coating bell cup with a larger diameter and spray jet widths (defined as "
Aus der
In der Praxis werden die Innenflächen von Fahrzeugkarossen wie z.B. Türeinsteigbereiche, Türfalze, Kofferraum, Motorraum und Deckel- bzw. Haubeninnenseiten usw. bisher allerdings nicht mit Rotationszerstäubern beschichtet, sondern üblicherweise mit Sprühpistolen, die den Lack nicht durch Rotation, sondern mit Druckluft zerstäuben. Diese Sprühpistolen erzeugen ein längliches, relativ scharf konzentriertes Sprühbild, welches für die Beschichtung der schmaleren Oberflächen im Innenbereich besser ist als die bisher üblichen großflächigen runden Sprühbilder der Rotationszerstäuber. Vor allem bei der Innenlackierung mit Pulver können diese Sprühpistolen aber Beschichtungsfehler durch Pulveransinterungen (sogenannte Spucker) verursachen, die aufwendig nachgearbeitet werden müssen. Außer der Lackierqualität ist auch der Auftragungswirkungsgrad der Sprühpistolen schlechter als bei Rotationszerstäubern.In practice, the interior surfaces of vehicle bodies such as e.g. Door entrance areas, door rabbets, trunk, engine compartment and lid or hood inner sides, etc. hitherto, however, not coated with rotary atomizers, but usually with spray guns that atomize the paint not by rotation, but with compressed air. These spray guns produce an elongate, relatively sharply focused spray pattern, which is better for coating the narrower surfaces in the interior than the previously used large-scale round spray patterns of rotary atomizers. Especially in the interior painting with powder, these spray guns but can cause coating defects by Pulveransinterungen (so-called spit), which must be reworked consuming. Apart from the quality of the coating, the application efficiency of the spray guns is also worse than with rotary atomizers.
Wenn bei der Gesamtlackierung eines Werkstücks für hohen Auftragswirkungsgrad und gleichmäßige Gesamtlackschicht sowohl breite als auch schmale Sprühstrahleinstellungen notwendig sind und der Beschichtungsbetrieb nicht durch einen Sprühkopfwechsel unterbrochen werden soll, muss man mangels der Möglichkeit, den Sprühstrahl genügend klein einzustellen, Kompromisse zwischen Glockentellergröße mit entsprechender Lenkluftzuführung und Strahlbreite bezüglich Wirkungsgrad, Lackverbrauch und Farbton eingehen. Durch Drehzahlherabsetzung lässt sich zwar eine bessere Einschnürung des Sprühstrahls erreichen, doch wird damit eine geringere Zerstäubungsfeinheit und eine Verschlechterung der Beschichtungsqualität in Kauf genommen. Da es bisher nicht möglich war, mit der Lenkluft eines gegebenen Zerstäubers den Sprühstrahl sowohl in dem einen wie auch in dem anderen der oben erwähnten Breitenbereiche für optimalen Betrieb einzustellen, ergeben sich in der Praxis erhebliche Nachteile wie unzureichende oder unmögliche Innen- oder Detaillackierung, erhöhter Overspray (der am Objekt vorbeigesprühte Lackanteil), niedriger Auftragungswirkungsgrad, erhöhter Lackverbrauch und unzueichender Lackierqualität.If in the overall painting of a workpiece for high order efficiency and uniform overall coating both wide and narrow spray jet settings are necessary and the coating operation should not be interrupted by a Sprühkopfwechsel, you have the lack of the possibility to set the spray sufficiently small, compromises between bell plate size with appropriate Lenkluftzuführung and Beam width regarding efficiency, paint consumption and color. Reducing the speed will allow you to achieve a better constriction of the spray jet, but will result in lower atomization fineness and degradation the coating quality accepted. Since it has hitherto not been possible to use the shaping air of a given atomizer to set the spray jet in both the width ranges mentioned above for optimum operation, considerable disadvantages arise in practice, such as insufficient or impossible interior or detail painting, increased Overspray (the proportion of paint sprayed past the object), low application efficiency, increased paint consumption and unsatisfactory coating quality.
Aus
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Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, die bisherigen Nachteile zu vermeiden und ein Verfahren bzw. einen Zerstäuber anzugeben, der die Einstellung der Sprühstrahlbreite auch ohne mechanische Steuerung der Auslassöffnungsanordnung in einem wesentlich größeren Breitenbereich ermöglicht als bisher und dennoch optimalen Beschichtungsbetrieb mit guten Auftragswirkungsgrad und guter Lackierqualität gewährleisten.The invention has for its object to avoid the disadvantages and to provide a method or a nebulizer, which allows the adjustment of the spray jet width without mechanical control of Auslassöffnungsanordnung in a much wider range than previously and yet optimal coating operation with good order efficiency and good Lackierqualität guarantee.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch die Merkmale der Patentansprüche gelöst.This object is solved by the features of the claims.
Bei einem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung wird dies auch ohne Wechsel des Sprühkopfes und ohne mechanische Änderung der Auslassöffnungsanordnung ermöglicht. Bei einem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel kann es dagegen zweckmäßig sein, je nach den zu beschichtenden Bereichen die Zerstäuberglocke und/oder die Auslassöffnungsanordnung für die Lenkluftströmungen zu wechseln.In a first embodiment of the invention, this is also possible without changing the spray head and without mechanical change of Auslassöffnungsanordnung. In a second embodiment, however, it may be appropriate, depending on the areas to be coated to change the atomizer bell and / or the Auslassöffnungsanordnung for the shaping air flows.
Die mindestens zwei im geschlossenen Regelkreis geregelten Lenkluftströmungen (oder sonstigen demselben Zweck dienenden Gasströmungen) werden bei dem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel im Normalfall nicht gleichzeitig erzeugt, sondern wahlweise in Abhängigkeit von den zu beschichtenden Werkstücken oder Werkstückbereichen eingesetzt. Es ist aber auch der gleichzeitige kombinierte Einsatz beider jeweils von dem anderen getrennt geregelter Luftströmungen möglich.In the first exemplary embodiment, the at least two shaping air flows (or other gas flows having the same purpose) which are regulated in the closed loop are normally not generated simultaneously, but are optionally used as a function of the workpieces or workpiece areas to be coated. It is also the simultaneous one Combined use of both separately from the other separately regulated air currents possible.
Die Erfindung ermöglicht das Lackieren von komplexen Werkstückgeometrien und namentlich von Gesamtkarossen einschließlich Innen-, Außen- und Detaillackierung mit demselben Rotationszerstäuber bei maximal erreichbarem Lackauftragswirkungsgrad durch gezielt eingestellte Sprühstrahlbreiten im gesamten benötigten Bereich. Durch zwei getrennt voneinander regelbare Lenklüfte können die Sprühstrahlbreiten jeweils optimal an das zu beschichtende Objekt angepasst werden.The invention enables the painting of complex workpiece geometries and especially of complete bodies including interior, exterior and detail painting with the same rotary atomizer with maximum achievable paint application efficiency by specifically set spray jet widths in the entire required area. By means of two separately controlled steering joints, the spray jet widths can each be optimally adapted to the object to be coated.
Durch den optimal angepassten Sprühstrahl entsteht insgesamt weniger Overspray als bisher mit der Folge höheren Auftragungswirkungsgrads und geringeren Lackverbrauchs. Durch diese Optimierung wird zugleich die Lackierqualität verbessert.Due to the optimally adapted spray jet, overall less overspray is produced than previously, resulting in higher application efficiency and lower paint consumption. This optimization also improves the quality of the painting.
An den in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel wird die Erfindung näher erläutert. Es zeigen:
- Fig. 1
- einen Rotationszerstäuber mit einem erfindungsgemäßen Lenkluftring;
- Fig. 2a
- einen Schnitt durch den Lenkluftring des Zerstäubers nach
Fig. 1 ; - Fig. 2b
- eine Draufsicht auf den in
Fig. 2a von links gesehenen Lenkluftring; - Fig. 3
- einen Rotationszerstäuber für Pulverlack; und
- Fig. 4
- eine schematische Frontansicht des Zerstäubers nach
Fig. 3 .
- Fig. 1
- a rotary atomizer with a shaping air ring according to the invention;
- Fig. 2a
- a section through the shaping air ring of the atomizer after
Fig. 1 ; - Fig. 2b
- a top view of the in
Fig. 2a from the left seen - Fig. 3
- a rotary atomizer for powder coating; and
- Fig. 4
- a schematic front view of the atomizer after
Fig. 3 ,
Abgesehen von der hier beschriebenen Lenkluftsteuerung des Sprühstahls kann der in
Die Stirnfläche 5 des Lenkluftrings 4 kann sich wie bei dem dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel axial hinter dem Glockenteller 1 befinden, wobei sie sich darstellungsgemäß radial nach innen bis nahe an die Hohlwelle der den Glockenteller antreibenden Luftturbine erstrecken kann. Der Lenkluftring könnte auch ganz in das offene Stirnende des Zerstäubergehäuses eingesetzt sein. Bei anderen Ausführungsformen kann sich der Lenkluftring aber mit seiner Auslassöffnungsanordnung auch axial weiter nach vorn bis über den Glockenteller erstrecken.The
Bei dem dargestellten Beispiel können die Bohrungen 12 und 13 jeweils achsparallel in der Stirnfläche münden, doch sind auch andere Anordnungen möglich. Die radial inneren Bohrungen 13 werden von einem Ringkanal 14 innerhalb des Lenkluftrings 4 gespeist, der an eine (nicht dargestellte) Druckluftleitung des Zerstäubers angeschlossen ist, während die äußeren Bohrungen 12 des Lenkluftrings 4 von der Stirnfläche 5 aus zunächst axial und dann wie dargestellt mit einem hinteren Teil 16 etwa parallel zu der Umfangsfläche 7 radial nach außen bis zu einem Ringkanal 17 verlaufen, der bei eingebautem Lenkluftring zwischen dessen Rückseite und den benachbarten Teilen des Zerstäubers gebildet ist und von einer anderen Druckluftleitung des Zerstäubers gespeist wird.In the example shown, the
Anstelle der beiden Kränze von Bohrungen 12 bzw. 13 könnten auch ringspaltartige Auslassöffnungsanordnungen in einem Lenkluftring oder eventuell auch in voneinander getrennten Bauteilen des Zerstäubers vorgesehen sein.Instead of the two rings of
Die erwähnten beiden Druckluftleitungen können beispielsweise mit je einem Druckluftanschluss des Zerstäubers für externe Leitungen verbunden sein, die jeweils zu einem eigenen Luftregelsystem führen können. Z.B. wenn der Aufwand für zwei separate Luftregler unerwünscht ist, können die Druckluftleitungen auch über ein in Abhängigkeit von dem jeweils zu beschichtenden Werkstückbereich gesteuertes Umschaltventil an ein den Bohrungen 12 und 13 gemeinsames Luftregelsystem angeschlossen sein. Das Umschaltventil muss sich nicht außerhalb des Zerstäubers befinden, sondern kann auch in den Zerstäuber eingebaut sein, beispielsweise in der Ventileinheit 18, so dass dann nur ein einziger externer Lenkluftanschluss erforderlich ist. Die Lenkluft könnte auch innerhalb des Zerstäubers geregelt werden.The two compressed air lines mentioned can be connected, for example, each with a compressed air connection of the atomizer for external lines, which can each lead to its own air control system. For example, If the effort for two separate air regulator is undesirable, the compressed air lines can also be connected via a switching valve controlled as a function of the workpiece area to be coated in each case to a
Bei der Beschichtung von Werkstücken wie z.B. Fahrzeugkarossen wird vorzugsweise die erste geregelte Lenkluft aus den radial inneren Bohrungen 13 zum Einstellen breiterer Sprühstrahlen (beispielsweise für SB 50% von 250 bis 300 mm) für die Außenlackierung verwendet, während mit der getrennt von der ersten Lenkluft geregelten zweiten Lenkluft aus den Bohrungen 12 auf dem größeren Teilkreis 10 schmalere Sprühstrahlen (beispielsweise SB 50% von 50 bis ca. 300 mm) zur Detail- und Innenlackierung eingestellt werden, wobei es zweckmäßig sein kann, wenn sich die beiden Bereiche (wie bei dem betrachteten Beispiel) überlappen. Mit ein und demselben Zerstäuber kann also ohne Unterbrechung des Beschichtungsbetriebes und ohne Inkaufnahme wesentlicher Nachteile die Sprühstrahlbreite im gesamten für die Außen-, Innen- und Detaillackierung erforderlichen Bereich (bei dem betrachteten Beispiel 50 bis 550 mm) eingestellt werden. Die beiden Lenklüfte können getrennt voneinander eingesetzt und geregelt werden, d.h. während der Zerstäuber mit der einen Lenkluft arbeitet, kann die jeweils andere Lenkluft abgeschaltet sein. Die hinter dem Glockenteller 1 austretende erste Lenkluft aus den inneren Bohrungen 13 trifft relativ weit hinten auf die sich konisch nach hinten verjüngende Umfangsfläche des Glockentellers 1 auf, wobei um den Glockenteller ein Luftpolster erzeugt und dadurch bei der Zerstäubung vorteilhaft eine gleichmäßige Luftverteilung bewirkt wird. Die zweite Lenkluft aus den äußeren Bohrungen 12 kann dagegen so gerichtet sein, dass sie in einem geringen radialen Abstand (beispielsweise in der Größenordnung von 1 mm) außerhalb der Absprühkante des Glockentellers auf das zu zerstäubende oder schon durch die Rotation teilweise zerstäubte Lackmaterial auftrifft, wodurch eine stärkere Einschnürung des Sprühstrahls bewirkt wird als durch die Lenkluft aus den inneren Bohrungen, so daß maximaler Auftragswirkungsgrad erzielt wird und auch schwer erreichbare oder kleine Werkstückbereiche gut beschichtet werden können.In the coating of workpieces such as vehicle bodies, the first controlled shaping air is preferably obtained from the radially
Als anderes Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in
Wie bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel nach
Die radial äußere Strömung 51 ist hier nicht kreisringförmig wie die Strömung 50, sondern besteht aus voneinander getrennten, z.B. ebenen oberen und unteren Teilen, die beim Auftreffen auf die innere Strömung 50 und auf den Sprühkegel diesen in eine ovale Querschnittsform flachdrücken (ovalisieren) sollen. Die zu diesem Zweck vorgesehenen Austrittsöffnungen sind in der schematischen Darstellung der
Die Lenkluftöffnungen 52 und/oder die Ovalisierungsschlitze 53, 53' können sich in einem Ringkörper 55 befinden, der lösbar und schnell und einfach gegen einen anderen Lenkluftring mit einer anderen Auslassöffnungsanordnung austauschbar an dem Zerstäuber befestigt ist. Mit dem Lenkluftring kann auch die Zerstäuberglocke 33 zur Anpassung an den jeweils zu beschichtenden Werkstückbereich gegen eine andere Glocke ausgewechselt werden. Der übrige Teil des Rotationszerstäubers kann hierbei unverändert bleiben. Die Glocken und Lenkluftringe können z.B. durch Steuerung des Roboters automatisch gewechselt werden.The shaping
Ein wesentlicher Vorteil des hier beschriebenen Rotationszerstäubers besteht darin, dass der selbe Basiszerstäuber beispielsweise bei der programmgesteuerten Karossenlackierung sowohl für die Außenflächen als auch für die automatische Innenlackierung verwendet werden kann. Für die Innenlackierung wird zweckmäßig ein Rundstahl mit kleinerem Durchmesser als bei der Außenlackierung erzeugt, der durch die an der Pulveraustrittsstelle der Zerstäuberglocke 33 ebenflächig wirkenden Luftströmung aus den Schlitzen 53, 53' ovalisiert wird.A significant advantage of the rotary atomizer described here is that the same base atomizer can be used for example in the program-controlled body painting both for the outer surfaces and for the automatic interior painting. For the interior painting, it is expedient to produce a round steel with a smaller diameter than in the exterior painting, which is ovalized from the
Durch die Verwendung eines Rotationszerstäubers für alle Außen- und Innenbereiche des Werkstückes kann nicht nur der automatisch gesteuerte Beschichtungsablauf vereinfacht, sondern auch die Lackierqualität gegenüber den bisher üblichen Sprühpistolen verbessert und der Beschichtungswirkungsgrad erhöht werden. Außerdem ist es einfacher als bisher möglich, bei Ausfall eines Roboters dessen Arbeiten mit einem anderen Roboter durchzuführen.By using a rotary atomizer for all exterior and interior areas of the workpiece, not only the automatically controlled coating sequence can be simplified, but also the quality of the coating can be improved compared to the previously customary spray guns and the coating efficiency can be increased. In addition, it is easier than previously possible to perform its work with another robot in case of failure of a robot.
In anderen Fällen kann aber auch bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel nach
Claims (21)
- A method of coating a workpiece using an atomiser,
in which, to control the spray jet shape of the atomiser, the spray cone of the released coating material is bounded by a regulatable gas stream surrounding it annularly, which gas stream emerges from the atomiser concentrically with the spray cone axis (3),
in which different areas of the workpiece are coated with in each case a different spray jet shape,
and in which at least two gas streams are generated, which emerge at difference radial distances from the spray cone axis (3) and are used as a function of the workpiece areas to be coated,
characterised in that the at least two gas streams are in each case mutually independently closed-loop controlled. - The method according to claim 1, characterised in that different areas of the same workpiece are coated with spray jets of different width using the same atomiser by regulation of the at least two gas streams, a narrower spray cone being set for the detail coating of small workpiece areas and/or for the coating of interior areas of the workpiece.
- The method according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterised in that exterior areas of a vehicle body or of the workpiece are coated with the one spray jet shape and, using the same atomiser or essential parts of the same atomiser, interior areas of said vehicle body or of the workpiece are coated with the other spray jet shape.
- The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that a high-speed rotary atomiser is used.
- The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that a rotary atomiser is used, whose radially outer gas stream (51) directed onto the annular gas stream (50) brings the spray cone into an oval or flattened shape when coating the interior areas.
- The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that each gas stream is controlled by its own closed-loop control circuit.
- The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that a regulated gas stream is fed to the radially outer or the radially inner outlet orifices (12, 13) via a changeover valve controlled as a function of the workpiece areas to be coated.
- The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that only the one gas stream is used for coating with the wider spray cone and only the other gas stream is used for coating with the narrower spray cone.
- The method according to claim 8, characterised in that the two ranges within which the spray cone width may in each case be adjusted overlap with one another.
- The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the workpiece is coated with a pulverulent coating material.
- An atomiser for the serial coating of workpieces, having at least one first annular arrangement, concentrically surrounding its spray cone axis (3), of outlet orifices (13, 52) facing the spray cone for a gas stream bounding the spray cone,
having at least one further arrangement of outlet orifices (12, 53) facing the spray cone, which outlet orifices are at a different radial distance from the spray cone axis than the first arrangement,
and having a gas line arrangement leading to the outlet orifices (12, 13, 52, 53),
characterised in that the gas line arrangement is connected to at least one closed-loop control circuit for the gas stream and thereby the radially inner and the radially outer gas streams are regulated separately from one another. - The atomiser according to claim 11, characterised in that the radially inner outlet orifice arrangement (13) and the radially outer outlet orifice arrangement (12) are or may in each case be connected to their own closed-loop control circuit.
- The atomiser according to claim 11, characterised in that the line arrangement leading to the outlet orifice arrangements (12, 13) are or may be connected to a common closed-loop control circuit via a changeover valve.
- The atomiser according to claim 13, characterised in that the changeover valve is located in the atomiser.
- The atomiser according to any one of claims 11 to 14, characterised in that each of the outlet orifice arrangements (12, 13) is connected to an atomiser gas connection for in each case an external gas feed line.
- The atomiser according to any one of claims 11 to 15, characterised in that the two outlet orifice arrangements (12, 13) are located in the end face (5), facing the spray cone, of an annular member (4) at the front end, facing the spray cone, of the housing (2) holding the spray head (1) of the atomiser.
- The atomiser according to claim 16, characterised in that the circumferential surface (7) of the annular member (4) is steplessly aligned with the adjacent circumferential surface (8) of the housing (2).
- The atomiser according to any one of claims 11 to 17, characterised in that two radially outer outlet orifice arrangements (53, 53') are provided, which lie opposite one another at least approximately in parallel on opposing sides of the spray cone axis and extend at least approximately tangentially to the annular outlet orifice arrangement (52).
- The atomiser according to claim 18, characterised in that the radially outer outlet orifice arrangements consist of elongate slits (53, 53').
- The atomiser according to any one of claims 11 to 19, characterised in that the outlet orifices (52, 53) are located in a member (55) fitted detachably and exchangeably to the atomiser, and in that at least two exchangeable members (55) with different outlet orifice arrangements are provided for the atomiser.
- The atomiser according to any one of claims 11 to 20, characterised in that the outlet direction of the radially outer gas stream (51) extends close to the spray release edge (47) of the atomiser bell (33), without intersecting the outer surface of the atomiser bell (33).
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
SI200331770T SI1923138T1 (en) | 2002-01-24 | 2003-01-20 | Method and atomiser for serial coating of workpieces |
EP09013580.7A EP2143500B1 (en) | 2002-01-24 | 2003-01-20 | Method and spraying apparatus for coating workpieces in series |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10202712A DE10202712A1 (en) | 2002-01-24 | 2002-01-24 | Method for controlling the spray jet width of an atomizer and atomizer for the serial coating of workpieces |
EP03001129A EP1331037B1 (en) | 2002-01-24 | 2003-01-20 | Method and spraying apparatus for coating workpieces in series |
Related Parent Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP03001129A Division EP1331037B1 (en) | 2002-01-24 | 2003-01-20 | Method and spraying apparatus for coating workpieces in series |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP09013580.7A Division EP2143500B1 (en) | 2002-01-24 | 2003-01-20 | Method and spraying apparatus for coating workpieces in series |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1923138A1 EP1923138A1 (en) | 2008-05-21 |
EP1923138B1 true EP1923138B1 (en) | 2009-12-09 |
Family
ID=7712981
Family Applications (3)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP08002656A Expired - Lifetime EP1923138B1 (en) | 2002-01-24 | 2003-01-20 | Method and atomiser for serial coating of workpieces |
EP09013580.7A Expired - Lifetime EP2143500B1 (en) | 2002-01-24 | 2003-01-20 | Method and spraying apparatus for coating workpieces in series |
EP03001129A Expired - Lifetime EP1331037B1 (en) | 2002-01-24 | 2003-01-20 | Method and spraying apparatus for coating workpieces in series |
Family Applications After (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP09013580.7A Expired - Lifetime EP2143500B1 (en) | 2002-01-24 | 2003-01-20 | Method and spraying apparatus for coating workpieces in series |
EP03001129A Expired - Lifetime EP1331037B1 (en) | 2002-01-24 | 2003-01-20 | Method and spraying apparatus for coating workpieces in series |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (3) | EP1923138B1 (en) |
AT (2) | ATE399060T1 (en) |
DE (3) | DE10202712A1 (en) |
ES (3) | ES2309244T3 (en) |
HU (1) | HUE029862T2 (en) |
SI (1) | SI1923138T1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
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DE102012010610A1 (en) * | 2012-05-30 | 2013-12-05 | Eisenmann Ag | Method for operating a rotary atomizer, nozzle head and rotary atomizer with such |
DE102011006617B4 (en) | 2011-04-01 | 2018-08-16 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Rotary atomizer with external electrodes for coating a workpiece |
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DE10115463A1 (en) | 2001-03-29 | 2002-10-02 | Duerr Systems Gmbh | Atomizer for a coating system and process for its material supply |
DE10233198A1 (en) | 2002-07-22 | 2004-02-05 | Dürr Systems GmbH | rotary atomizers |
DE10240451A1 (en) | 2002-09-02 | 2004-03-11 | Dürr Systems GmbH | Sensor arrangement for a coating system |
US6899279B2 (en) | 2003-08-25 | 2005-05-31 | Illinois Tool Works Inc. | Atomizer with low pressure area passages |
DE102006054786A1 (en) * | 2006-11-21 | 2008-05-29 | Dürr Systems GmbH | Operating method for a nebulizer and corresponding coating device |
DE102006057596A1 (en) | 2006-12-06 | 2008-06-19 | Dürr Systems GmbH | Lenkluftring with a ring trough and corresponding bell plate |
JP2008188505A (en) * | 2007-02-01 | 2008-08-21 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Rotation atomization coating machine and rotation atomization coating liquid applying method |
DE102007006547B4 (en) * | 2007-02-09 | 2016-09-29 | Dürr Systems GmbH | Shaping air ring and corresponding coating method |
DE102008027997A1 (en) * | 2008-06-12 | 2009-12-24 | Dürr Systems GmbH | Universalzerstäuber |
DE102009042955A1 (en) | 2009-09-24 | 2011-04-07 | Dürr Systems GmbH | Method for checking the function of a rotary atomizer and corresponding coating system |
DE102010019612A1 (en) | 2010-05-06 | 2011-11-10 | Dürr Systems GmbH | Coating device, in particular with an application device, and associated coating method that emits a droplets of coating agent droplet |
FR3053608B1 (en) | 2016-07-11 | 2021-04-23 | Exel Ind | SKIRT FOR ROTARY SPOTLIGHT FOR COATING PRODUCTS INCLUDING AT LEAST THREE SERIES OF SEPARATE AIR EJECTION NOZZLES |
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-
2002
- 2002-01-24 DE DE10202712A patent/DE10202712A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2003
- 2003-01-20 EP EP08002656A patent/EP1923138B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-01-20 ES ES03001129T patent/ES2309244T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-01-20 AT AT03001129T patent/ATE399060T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-01-20 AT AT08002656T patent/ATE451177T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-01-20 EP EP09013580.7A patent/EP2143500B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-01-20 HU HUE09013580A patent/HUE029862T2/en unknown
- 2003-01-20 EP EP03001129A patent/EP1331037B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-01-20 SI SI200331770T patent/SI1923138T1/en unknown
- 2003-01-20 DE DE50310023T patent/DE50310023D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-01-20 DE DE50312226T patent/DE50312226D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-01-20 ES ES09013580.7T patent/ES2584238T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-01-20 ES ES08002656T patent/ES2336631T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102011006617B4 (en) | 2011-04-01 | 2018-08-16 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Rotary atomizer with external electrodes for coating a workpiece |
DE102012010610A1 (en) * | 2012-05-30 | 2013-12-05 | Eisenmann Ag | Method for operating a rotary atomizer, nozzle head and rotary atomizer with such |
US9707578B2 (en) | 2012-05-30 | 2017-07-18 | Eisenmann Se | Rotary atomizer nozzle head, and rotary atomizer with such a nozzle head |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2143500A2 (en) | 2010-01-13 |
EP1331037A2 (en) | 2003-07-30 |
SI1923138T1 (en) | 2010-04-30 |
EP1331037A3 (en) | 2005-10-05 |
ES2336631T3 (en) | 2010-04-14 |
EP1923138A1 (en) | 2008-05-21 |
DE50312226D1 (en) | 2010-01-21 |
DE10202712A1 (en) | 2003-07-31 |
ES2584238T3 (en) | 2016-09-26 |
ES2309244T3 (en) | 2008-12-16 |
ATE451177T1 (en) | 2009-12-15 |
HUE029862T2 (en) | 2017-04-28 |
EP1331037B1 (en) | 2008-06-25 |
ATE399060T1 (en) | 2008-07-15 |
EP2143500B1 (en) | 2016-05-11 |
EP2143500A3 (en) | 2011-02-09 |
DE50310023D1 (en) | 2008-08-07 |
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