EP1920887B1 - Tool with hydraulic percussion mechanism - Google Patents

Tool with hydraulic percussion mechanism Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1920887B1
EP1920887B1 EP06023566A EP06023566A EP1920887B1 EP 1920887 B1 EP1920887 B1 EP 1920887B1 EP 06023566 A EP06023566 A EP 06023566A EP 06023566 A EP06023566 A EP 06023566A EP 1920887 B1 EP1920887 B1 EP 1920887B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tool
piston
hydraulic cylinder
hydraulic
volume
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP06023566A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1920887A1 (en
Inventor
Konrad Karl Kettner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Apex Tool Group GmbH and Co OHG
Original Assignee
Cooper Power Tools GmbH and Co OHG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Cooper Power Tools GmbH and Co OHG filed Critical Cooper Power Tools GmbH and Co OHG
Priority to ES06023566T priority Critical patent/ES2338690T3/en
Priority to DE502006005743T priority patent/DE502006005743D1/en
Priority to AT06023566T priority patent/ATE452731T1/en
Priority to EP06023566A priority patent/EP1920887B1/en
Priority to US11/939,307 priority patent/US7647986B2/en
Publication of EP1920887A1 publication Critical patent/EP1920887A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1920887B1 publication Critical patent/EP1920887B1/en
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B21/00—Portable power-driven screw or nut setting or loosening tools; Attachments for drilling apparatus serving the same purpose
    • B25B21/02—Portable power-driven screw or nut setting or loosening tools; Attachments for drilling apparatus serving the same purpose with means for imparting impact to screwdriver blade or nut socket
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B23/00—Details of, or accessories for, spanners, wrenches, screwdrivers
    • B25B23/14—Arrangement of torque limiters or torque indicators in wrenches or screwdrivers
    • B25B23/145—Arrangement of torque limiters or torque indicators in wrenches or screwdrivers specially adapted for fluid operated wrenches or screwdrivers
    • B25B23/1453—Arrangement of torque limiters or torque indicators in wrenches or screwdrivers specially adapted for fluid operated wrenches or screwdrivers for impact wrenches or screwdrivers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a tool and in particular a screwdriver, with a hydraulic impact mechanism and a drive unit, wherein a working volume within the hydraulic impact mechanism can be connected to an additional volume formed outside this.
  • Such a tool is from the DE 202 10 453 U1 (Cooper ), wherein the working volume is connected within the hydraulic impact mechanism with an additional volume within the hydraulic cylinder through a small bore which is closed during the pulse of a blade.
  • a lid sealed with O-rings closes the hydraulic cylinder and thereby locks the entire working volume of the impulse unit, since it is not adjustable for setting different working volumes.
  • a spacer presses the lid against the cylinder wall and a retaining ring fixes the lid permanently. Due to the fixed mounting position of the locking ring and the distance between the hydraulic cylinder and the lid and thus the working volume is fixed and unchangeable.
  • the space for the working fluid is not adjustable, and the required amount of the working fluid can be done only by the addition or removal via a filling opening.
  • the chamber is first completely filled with a working fluid and then the removal is done with syringes, which pull the fluid from the interior until a desired volume is reached.
  • This filling process is very complex and imprecise. Furthermore, a change in the workload is not possible.
  • a tool showing a screwdriver having a motor that rotates a drive member within a fluid chamber, the drive member being provided with a variable volume fluid collection chamber.
  • the collection chamber takes the additional Fluid volume on.
  • the collection chamber returns the fluid to the fluid chamber.
  • the compensation is provided by an elastically deformable membrane, which consists of two areas. The first region communicates with the fluid chamber via a channel and the second membrane layer is intended to protect against destruction by the chemically aggressive hydraulic fluid.
  • the volume increase within the fluid collection chamber leads to a deformation of the membrane and thus to an increase in the working volume.
  • the excess fluid previously entering the collection chamber returns to the collection chamber via the channel and the membrane is relieved.
  • the working volume can therefore only be changed depending on the pressure of the working fluid. A targeted volume adjustment is not possible.
  • a tool of the type mentioned in such a way that the working volume within the hydraulic impact mechanism without regard to the consistency of the working fluid and is adjustable at any time.
  • a tool is provided with a hydraulic impact mechanism with a working volume and an additional volume formed outside this hydraulic impactor, wherein at least the additional volume is variable so that it does not depend on the consistency of the working fluid and not on the pressure ratios within the hydraulic impact mechanism. Rather, the adjustment of the additional volume takes place independently of the ambient conditions.
  • a change in the additional volume can be carried out when the pressure conditions have not changed due to the operations within the pulse unit.
  • a change in the equalizing volume may occur as the volume of the working fluid changes.
  • an adjustment of the additional volume can be made, although the volume of the working fluid has changed.
  • a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that the hydraulic impact mechanism between the drive unit and a tool holder is arranged to ensure a low-loss power transmission as possible. Furthermore, can be designed particularly advantageous by this arrangement, the size of the tool.
  • the hydraulic impact mechanism may have a one-sided limiting adjustment means.
  • the hydraulic impact mechanism is closed at least on one side with a means that is adjustable or adjustable.
  • the additional volume can be increased and / or reduced with the adjusting means.
  • the precise volume requirements of the user for the reserve oil, oil balance and pulse frequency change can be time-saving set to a required size.
  • the adjustment means may be a manually adjustable piston.
  • This embodiment ensures a rapid change of the additional volume within the hydraulic impact mechanism.
  • the adjustable piston has a particularly advantageous for the manual operation surface, which prevents by their rough nature slipping of the fingers or the hand. This can e.g. be realized by a knurling or with a grip-safe additionally applied surface coating or other suitable means.
  • the piston may be adjustable relative to the hydraulic cylinder via an external and / or internal thread.
  • the adjustment via a thread offers a particularly precise way to adjust the translational travel and thus the volume change within the hydraulic impact mechanism.
  • the use of an external and / or internal thread increases the possible applications and adapts the piston to the different installation conditions.
  • the thread is a fine thread with which due to the small thread pitch even the smallest changes in volume can be realized.
  • the additional volume between the hydraulic cylinder and the piston may be arranged. This construction ensures a direct influence on the volume when the hydraulic cylinder or piston is adjusted.
  • the piston for the volume change relative to the tool via a thread can be adjusted.
  • a fine adjustment of the piston can take place and also precise volume changes can be carried out in small steps.
  • the piston can be made of a resilient, stiff and low-mass material.
  • hard anodized aluminum provides favorable characteristics for use of the piston in a pressurized and oil wetted environment. Even external loads can be absorbed very well by a piston made of coated aluminum.
  • the piston may be sealed relative to the hydraulic cylinder with O-rings. These seals offer a good seal of the piston, especially in the pressurized and oil-wetted environment. Other suitable seals can be used.
  • the piston can be fixed in at least one rotational position.
  • the piston can be fixed after it has reached the desired setting position. An undesirable displacement during use of the tool is thereby prevented.
  • the hydraulic cylinder may have at least four offset by 90 ° arranged fixed rotational positions. By arranging at least four rotational positions, a sufficient, flexible fixing possibility can be provided.
  • more grooves on the piston are possible, advantageously an odd number to the number of slots on the hydraulic cylinder, e.g. 3 to 4 results in 12 positioning options per revolution of the piston.
  • the piston can be fixed in at least one rotational position with the hydraulic cylinder connecting.
  • the piston can be fixed in at least one rotational position with the hydraulic cylinder by means of a locking element.
  • the locking element is a particularly reliable anti-rotation.
  • the locking element may be a pin, sleeve or threaded pin. Due to its high shearing resistance as well as the simple and quick installation, this can be a good fixation option.
  • the piston for volume change with an auxiliary tool can be rotated several times.
  • the tool is particularly easy to transfer the force required for the rotation of the piston.
  • a tool can also be used in hard to reach mounting situations.
  • the piston may have a substantially L-shaped profile. As a result, the weight of the piston can be reduced and a smaller design can be realized.
  • the piston may have an outer leg, which forms a chamber for reserve oil with the outer surface of the hydraulic cylinder.
  • the chamber for the reserve oil can be molded with few components. The entire assembly can be made very small by this compact arrangement.
  • the piston can have an internal thread, which essentially corresponds to the external thread of the hydraulic cylinder.
  • an internal thread which essentially corresponds to the external thread of the hydraulic cylinder.
  • the piston may have two different sized cylindrical inner diameter.
  • the piston can be adapted to the shape of the hydraulic cylinder and represents a particularly space-saving installation variant.
  • At least one of the inner diameter of the piston may have a groove for an O-ring.
  • At least one of the inner diameter of the piston may have a running surface for an O-ring. This allows a built-O-ring fit particularly well on the inner diameter and seal the system.
  • the piston may have at least one receiving opening for the locking element.
  • the locking element can be placed securely and secure the piston against rotation.
  • the piston can be factory preset to a predetermined number of pulses, which is for example 10 to 40 Hz. This allows the user of the tool to adjust the pulse frequency range to their own needs.
  • the piston can be fixed relative to the hydraulic cylinder with the locking element after setting the number of pulses.
  • the preset number of pulses of preferably 30 Hz can be securely fixed and secured against undesired adjustment.
  • the Fig. 1 shows a schematic side view of a tool 1, which has a drive unit 24, a hydraulic impact mechanism 7 connected thereto and an output.
  • the drive unit 24 is a conventional motor with compressed air supply.
  • a valve allows the pressure to be switched on individually by the user.
  • the hydraulic impact mechanism consists essentially of a hydraulic rotor 26, a hydraulic cylinder 11 and hydraulic blades 23, which are driven together by a pneumatic motor as the drive unit 24.
  • a pneumatic motor as the drive unit 24.
  • the hydraulic rotor 26 By located in a pulse chamber 18 of the hydraulic cylinder pressure medium, such as hydraulic oil, the hydraulic rotor 26 is taken with the tool holder 25 rotating. This will screw a bolt or nut into a component.
  • the hydraulic rotor 26 and the hydraulic cylinder 11 is rotated further by the drive unit 24.
  • the hydraulic rotor 26 experiences a counterforce. To tighten the screw or nut, it is now necessary that the hydraulic rotor 26 continues to apply torque to the screw.
  • the pulse unit 6 has a hydraulic impact mechanism 7, which has four sealing areas on the hydraulic cylinder 11 and four fins 23 on the hydraulic rotor 26.
  • the lamellae 23 fastened in the cylinder 11 at the web-shaped sealing regions 9 of the hydraulic cylinder 11 seal the four spaces formed in the pulse chamber 18.
  • Two opposite rooms are high pressure chambers and the other two opposite rooms are low pressure chambers.
  • the resulting pressure acts on the slats 23 and generates a hydraulic pulse, which occurs in rapid succession by the motor rotation and corresponds to the hitting of a mechanical impact wrench.
  • the drive unit 24 must again accelerate the hydraulic cylinder 11 for the next pulse over a full revolution. In order for the pulses to be able to reach each other quickly, a short transit time of the sealing regions 9 after the last impulse applied is necessary.
  • a connection to the additional volume is sealed by a lamella during the pulse phase, see Fig. 2 ,
  • Fig. 2 shows a sectional view of the hydraulic impact mechanism 7 with a drive spindle 26 which extends from the drive unit 24 through the hydraulic impact mechanism 7.
  • the lateral cover of the hydraulic impact mechanism 7 takes place on the output side of the hydraulic rotor 26 through a bearing cap 27, which has a filling opening for the hydraulic oil.
  • the other side of the hydraulic impact mechanism 7 is closed by a rotatable piston 2.
  • the assembly of the pulse unit 6 before introduction into the screwdriver 1 proceeds as follows.
  • the already assembled hydraulic impact mechanism 7 is closed on one side with the bearing cap 27 and on the other side with the rotatable piston 2 and the round O-rings 13, 14 associated therewith.
  • the rotatable piston 2 Before filling the pulse unit 6 with the working fluid, the rotatable piston 2 is screwed axially onto the hydraulic cylinder 11 until it reaches the stop position. If the piston is rotated counterclockwise before filling, for example 1 turn when filling this additional volume also filled with working fluid and is available as a useful reserve fluid later when needed. Then the working fluid, in particular hydraulic oil, can be introduced through the filling opening into the pulse unit 6. If the working volume within the pulse unit 6 has been completely filled with hydraulic oil, the filling opening in the bearing cap 27 is tightly closed. Within the pulse unit 6 is now no more air.
  • the working fluid in particular hydraulic oil
  • the size of the chamber can be increased and reduced in limits by turning the piston 2.
  • the additional volume goes to zero when the piston abuts the end face of the hydraulic cylinder 11 and reaches its maximum volume when it is axially displaced so far from the end face of the hydraulic cylinder 11 until the last possible sealing position is reached.
  • This sealing position is determined by the O-ring 13 on the outer periphery of the hydraulic cylinder 11.
  • a stop limits the axial movement possibility.
  • the working fluid within the hydraulic impact mechanism 7 heats up and expands. If no sufficiently large additional volume is made available, the pulse unit will possibly stop until the working fluid has cooled down again and the entire working fluid has been reduced.
  • the rotatable piston 2 With the rotatable piston 2, the necessary additional volume is provided.
  • the piston is rotated counterclockwise and by the axial displacement increases the space between the end faces of the piston 2 and the hydraulic cylinder 11. As in Fig. 5 to see, so the fluid compensation volume can be adjusted.
  • the tool can be factory filled with working fluid so that it reaches a pulse frequency of about 30 Hz.
  • the reduction of the pulse frequency due to the heating of the working fluid can be counteracted be rotated by the rotatable piston 2 counterclockwise and thus the additional volume 4 is increased.
  • a locking element 15 which is in particular a pin, sleeve or a threaded pin, inserted for axial securing between the hydraulic cylinder 11 and the rotatable piston 2. This locks the two parts together.
  • Another O-ring can additionally secure the inserted locking element axially.
  • the adjustment of the rotatable piston 2 to increase the additional volume 5 and thereby increasing the pulse frequency can be carried out as often, until the additional volume is either too large and the working fluid thereby does not provide enough pressure for the pulse structure or the rotatable piston due to its dimensions pushes its limits.
  • the reserve oil must be activated and the piston 2 rotated clockwise so that it shifts axially on the hydraulic cylinder 11 ,
  • the elastic ring 22 and the locking element 15 of the piston must first be removed and after the adjustment has been completed both are reused.
  • the axial rotation of the rotatable piston 2 can also be performed with other axially or radially arranged fastening means, such as a split pin.
  • the axial displacement of the rotatable piston 2 is also possible by other suitable measures, such as a splined connection.
  • suitable measures such as a splined connection.
  • all other sliding seals can be used instead of O-rings.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Details Of Spanners, Wrenches, And Screw Drivers And Accessories (AREA)
  • Percussive Tools And Related Accessories (AREA)
  • Road Repair (AREA)

Abstract

The tool such as an impact wrench has a pulse unit (6) having a hydraulic impact mechanism (7), a hydraulic rotor (26), a cylinder and hydraulic vanes (23), which together are driven by a compressed air motor as the drive unit. A working volume within the hydraulic impact mechanism is connected to an additional volume formed outside of it. The additional volume can be varied independently of the pressure. The hydraulic impact mechanism is arranged between the drive unit and a tool holder. The additional volume has a setting part (2) limiting at one end.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Werkzeug und insbesondere ein Schrauber, mit einem Hydraulikschlagwerk und einer Antriebseinheit, wobei ein Arbeitsvolumen innerhalb des Hydraulikschlagwerks mit einem außerhalb von diesem ausgebildeten Zusatzvolumen verbindbar ist.The invention relates to a tool and in particular a screwdriver, with a hydraulic impact mechanism and a drive unit, wherein a working volume within the hydraulic impact mechanism can be connected to an additional volume formed outside this.

Ein derartiges Werkzeug ist aus der DE 202 10 453 U1 (Cooper ) bekannt, wobei das Arbeitsvolumen innerhalb des Hydraulikschlagwerks mit einem Zusatzvolumen innerhalb des Hydraulikzylinders durch eine kleine Bohrung verbunden ist, die während des Impulses von einer Lamelle verschlossen wird. Ein mit Runddichtringen abgedichteter Deckel verschließt den Hydraulikzylinder und legt dadurch, das gesamte Arbeitsvolumen der Impulseinheit fest, da er nicht verstellbar für die Einstellung verschiedener Arbeitsvolumen ist. Ein Distanzring drückt den Deckel gegen die Zylinderwand und ein Sicherungsring fixiert den Deckel dauerhaft. Auf Grund der festgelegten Montageposition des Sicherungsrings ist auch der Abstand zwischen dem Hydraulikzylinder und dem Deckel und somit auch das Arbeitsvolumen festgelegt und unveränderlich. Der Raum für das Arbeitsfluid ist nicht einstellbar, und die benötigte Menge des Arbeitsfluids kann nur durch die Zugabe oder Entnahme über eine Einfüllöffnung geschehen. Herkömmlicherweise wird die Kammer zunächst vollständig mit einem Arbeitsfluid gefüllt und dann geschieht die Entnahme mit Spritzen, die das Fluid aus dem Innenraum herausziehen, bis ein gewünschtes Volumen erreicht ist. Dieses Befüllverfahren ist sehr aufwändig und unpräzise. Des Weiteren ist eine Veränderung des Arbeitsvolumens nicht möglich.Such a tool is from the DE 202 10 453 U1 (Cooper ), wherein the working volume is connected within the hydraulic impact mechanism with an additional volume within the hydraulic cylinder through a small bore which is closed during the pulse of a blade. A lid sealed with O-rings closes the hydraulic cylinder and thereby locks the entire working volume of the impulse unit, since it is not adjustable for setting different working volumes. A spacer presses the lid against the cylinder wall and a retaining ring fixes the lid permanently. Due to the fixed mounting position of the locking ring and the distance between the hydraulic cylinder and the lid and thus the working volume is fixed and unchangeable. The space for the working fluid is not adjustable, and the required amount of the working fluid can be done only by the addition or removal via a filling opening. Conventionally, the chamber is first completely filled with a working fluid and then the removal is done with syringes, which pull the fluid from the interior until a desired volume is reached. This filling process is very complex and imprecise. Furthermore, a change in the workload is not possible.

Aus dem Dokument DE 40 18 084 C1 ist ein Impulsschrauber bekannt, dessen Hydraulikschlagwerk einseitig mit einem Hydraulikschlagwerkdeckel verschlossen wird, der mittels eines Positionierstifts verdrehsicher fixiert wird. Ein Abschlussdeckel verschließt dann die gesamte Baugruppe. Das Arbeitsvolumen bleibt in diesem Hydraulikschlagwerk konstant.From the document DE 40 18 084 C1 is known a pulse wrench whose hydraulic impact is closed on one side with a Hydraulikschlagwerkdeckel which is fixed against rotation by means of a positioning pin. A cover then closes the entire assembly. The working volume remains constant in this hydraulic impact mechanism.

Aus der DE 698 07 013 T2 ist ein Werkzeug bekannt, das einen Schrauber mit einem Motor zeigt, der ein Antriebselement innerhalb einer Fluidkammer rotiert, wobei das Antriebselement mit einer Fluidsammelkammer mit variablem Volumen ausgestattet ist. Bei einer Ausdehnung des hydraulischen Fluids nimmt die Sammelkammer das zusätzliche Fluidvolumen auf. Bei der Abnahme der Ausdehnung führt die Sammelkammer das Fluid in die Fluidkammer zurück. Den Ausgleich übernimmt eine elastisch verformbare Membran, die aus zwei Bereichen besteht. Der erste Bereich steht mit der Fluidkammer über einen Kanal in Verbindung und die zweite Membranschicht soll vor der Zerstörung durch das chemisch aggressive Hydraulikfluid schützen. Der Volumenzuwachs innerhalb der Fluidsammelkammer führt zu einer Verformung der Membran und somit zur Vergrößerung des Arbeitsvolumens. Wenn die Temperatur des Hydraulikfluids abnimmt, kehrt das zuvor in die Sammelkammer eingetretene überschüssige Fluid über den Kanal in die Sammelkammer zurück und die Membran wird entlastet. Das Arbeitsvolumen kann also nur abhängig von dem Druck des Arbeitsfluids verändert werden. Eine gezielte Volumeneinstellung ist nicht möglich.From the DE 698 07 013 T2 For example, there is known a tool showing a screwdriver having a motor that rotates a drive member within a fluid chamber, the drive member being provided with a variable volume fluid collection chamber. With an expansion of the hydraulic fluid, the collection chamber takes the additional Fluid volume on. As the expansion decreases, the collection chamber returns the fluid to the fluid chamber. The compensation is provided by an elastically deformable membrane, which consists of two areas. The first region communicates with the fluid chamber via a channel and the second membrane layer is intended to protect against destruction by the chemically aggressive hydraulic fluid. The volume increase within the fluid collection chamber leads to a deformation of the membrane and thus to an increase in the working volume. As the temperature of the hydraulic fluid decreases, the excess fluid previously entering the collection chamber returns to the collection chamber via the channel and the membrane is relieved. The working volume can therefore only be changed depending on the pressure of the working fluid. A targeted volume adjustment is not possible.

Demgemäß ist es die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, ein Werkzeug der eingangs genannten Art derart weiterzubilden, dass das Arbeitsvolumen innerhalb des Hydraulikschlagwerks ohne Berücksichtigung der Konsistenz des Arbeitsfluids und jederzeit einstellbar ist.Accordingly, it is the object of the present invention, a tool of the type mentioned in such a way that the working volume within the hydraulic impact mechanism without regard to the consistency of the working fluid and is adjustable at any time.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, dass das mit einem Arbeitsvolumen verbundene Zusatzvolumen druckunabhängig variierbar ist.This object is achieved in that the associated with a working volume additional volume is independent of pressure variable.

Erfindungsgemäß ist ein Werkzeug mit einem Hydraulikschlagwerk mit einem Arbeitsvolumen sowie einem außerhalb von diesem Hydraulikschlagwerk ausgebildeten Zusatzvolumen vorgesehen, wobei zumindest das Zusatzvolumen so variierbar ist, dass es nicht von der Konsistenz des Arbeitsfluids und nicht von den Druckverhältnissen innerhalb des Hydraulikschlagwerks abhängig ist. Vielmehr findet die Verstellung des Zusatzvolumens unabhängig von den Umgebungsbedingungen statt. So kann auch eine Veränderung des Zusatzvolumens durchgeführt werden, wenn sich die Druckverhältnisse auf Grund der Arbeitsvorgänge innerhalb der Impulseinheit nicht verändert haben. Ebenso kann eine Veränderung des Augleichsvolumens stattfinden, wenn sich das Volumen des Arbeitsfluids ändert. Und des Weiteren kann eine Verstellung des Zusatzvolumens vorgenommen werden, obwohl sich das Volumen des Arbeitsfluids geändert hat.According to the invention, a tool is provided with a hydraulic impact mechanism with a working volume and an additional volume formed outside this hydraulic impactor, wherein at least the additional volume is variable so that it does not depend on the consistency of the working fluid and not on the pressure ratios within the hydraulic impact mechanism. Rather, the adjustment of the additional volume takes place independently of the ambient conditions. Thus, a change in the additional volume can be carried out when the pressure conditions have not changed due to the operations within the pulse unit. Likewise, a change in the equalizing volume may occur as the volume of the working fluid changes. And further, an adjustment of the additional volume can be made, although the volume of the working fluid has changed.

Eine besonders vorteilhafte Weiterbildung der Erfindung sieht vor, dass das Hydraulikschlagwerk zwischen der Antriebseinheit und einer Werkzeughalterung angeordnet ist, um eine möglichst verlustarme Kraftübertragung zu gewährleisten. Des Weiteren kann durch diese Anordnung die Baugröße des Werkzeugs besonders vorteilhaft gestaltet werden.A particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that the hydraulic impact mechanism between the drive unit and a tool holder is arranged to ensure a low-loss power transmission as possible. Furthermore, can be designed particularly advantageous by this arrangement, the size of the tool.

Bei einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der Erfindung kann das Hydraulikschlagwerk ein einseitig begrenzendes Einstellmittel aufweisen. Dadurch wird das Hydraulikschlagwerk zumindest an einer Seite mit einem Mittel verschlossen, das einstellbar bzw. verstellbar ist.In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the hydraulic impact mechanism may have a one-sided limiting adjustment means. As a result, the hydraulic impact mechanism is closed at least on one side with a means that is adjustable or adjustable.

In einer besonders vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der Erfindung kann das Zusatzvolumen mit dem Einstellmittel vergrößert und/oder verkleinert werden. Somit können die präzisen Volumenanforderungen des Anwenders für das Reserveöl, Ölausgleich und Impulsfrequenzänderung zeitsparend auf eine geforderte Größe eingestellt werden.In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, the additional volume can be increased and / or reduced with the adjusting means. Thus, the precise volume requirements of the user for the reserve oil, oil balance and pulse frequency change can be time-saving set to a required size.

Vorteilhafterweise kann das Einstellmittel ein von Hand verstellbarer Kolben sein. Diese Ausführungsform gewährleistet eine schnelle Veränderung des Zusatzvolumens innerhalb des Hydraulikschlagwerks. Der verstellbare Kolben weist eine für die Handbetätigung besonders vorteilhafte Oberfläche auf, die durch ihre raue Beschaffenheit ein Abrutschen der Finger bzw. der Hand verhindert. Dies kann z.B. durch eine Rändelung oder mit einer griffsicheren zusätzlich aufgebrachten Oberflächenbeschichtung oder anderen geeigneten Mitteln realisiert werden.Advantageously, the adjustment means may be a manually adjustable piston. This embodiment ensures a rapid change of the additional volume within the hydraulic impact mechanism. The adjustable piston has a particularly advantageous for the manual operation surface, which prevents by their rough nature slipping of the fingers or the hand. This can e.g. be realized by a knurling or with a grip-safe additionally applied surface coating or other suitable means.

In einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Erfindung kann der Kolben über ein Außen- und/oder Innengewinde relativ zu dem Hydraulikzylinder verstellbar sein. Die Verstellmöglichkeit über ein Gewinde bietet dabei eine besonders präzise Möglichkeit, den translatorischen Verfahrweg und somit die Volumenänderung innerhalb des Hydraulikschlagwerks einzustellen. Der Einsatz eines Außen- und/oder Innengewindes erhöht dabei die Einsatzmöglichkeiten und passt den Kolben den unterschiedlichen Einbaubedingungen an. In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist das Gewinde ein Feingewinde, mit dem auf Grund der geringen Gewindesteigung auch kleinste Veränderungen des Volumens realisiert werden können.In a further embodiment of the invention, the piston may be adjustable relative to the hydraulic cylinder via an external and / or internal thread. The adjustment via a thread offers a particularly precise way to adjust the translational travel and thus the volume change within the hydraulic impact mechanism. The use of an external and / or internal thread increases the possible applications and adapts the piston to the different installation conditions. In a preferred embodiment, the thread is a fine thread with which due to the small thread pitch even the smallest changes in volume can be realized.

Bei einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der Erfindung kann das Zusatzvolumen zwischen dem Hydraulikzylinder und dem Kolben angeordnet sein. Dieser Aufbau gewährleistet den direkten Einfluss auf das Volumen, wenn der Hydraulikzylinder oder der Kolben verstellt werden.In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the additional volume between the hydraulic cylinder and the piston may be arranged. This construction ensures a direct influence on the volume when the hydraulic cylinder or piston is adjusted.

Vorteilhafterweise kann der Kolben für die Volumenänderung relativ zu dem Werkzeug über ein Gewinde verstellbar sein. Somit kann eine Feinjustierung des Kolbens erfolgen und auch präzise Volumenänderungen in kleinen Schritten durchgeführt werden.Advantageously, the piston for the volume change relative to the tool via a thread can be adjusted. Thus, a fine adjustment of the piston can take place and also precise volume changes can be carried out in small steps.

Bei einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der Erfindung kann der Kolben aus einem belastbaren, steifen und massearmen Material hergestellt sein. Insbesondere bietet hardanodisiertes Aluminium günstige Eigenschaften für den Einsatz des Kolbens in einer druckbeaufschlagten und mit Öl benetzten Umgebung. Auch von außen einwirkende Belastungen können von einem aus beschichtetem Aluminium hergestellten Kolben sehr gut absorbiert werden.In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the piston can be made of a resilient, stiff and low-mass material. In particular, hard anodized aluminum provides favorable characteristics for use of the piston in a pressurized and oil wetted environment. Even external loads can be absorbed very well by a piston made of coated aluminum.

Bei einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der Erfindung kann der Kolben relativ zu dem Hydraulikzylinder mit Runddichtringen abgedichtet sein. Diese Dichtungen bieten insbesondere in der mit druckbeaufschlagten und ölbenetzten Umgebung eine gute Abdichtung des Kolbens. Auch andere geeignete Dichtungen können eingesetzt werden.In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the piston may be sealed relative to the hydraulic cylinder with O-rings. These seals offer a good seal of the piston, especially in the pressurized and oil-wetted environment. Other suitable seals can be used.

In einer besonders vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der Erfindung kann der Kolben in wenigstens einer Drehstellung fixierbar sein. Dadurch kann der Kolben, nachdem er die gewünschte Einstellposition erreicht hat, fixiert werden. Eine ungewünschte Verschiebung während des Einsatz des Werkzeugs wird dadurch verhindert.In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, the piston can be fixed in at least one rotational position. As a result, the piston can be fixed after it has reached the desired setting position. An undesirable displacement during use of the tool is thereby prevented.

Bei einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der Erfindung kann der Hydraulikzylinder mindestens vier um jeweils 90° versetzt angeordnete fixierbare Drehstellungen aufweisen. Durch die Anordnung von mindestens vier Drehstellungen kann eine ausreichend, flexible Fixiermöglichkeit bereitgestellt werden.In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the hydraulic cylinder may have at least four offset by 90 ° arranged fixed rotational positions. By arranging at least four rotational positions, a sufficient, flexible fixing possibility can be provided.

Alternativ sind auch mehr Nuten am Kolben möglich, vorteilhaft eine ungerade Anzahl gegenüber der Nutanzahl am Hydraulikzylinder, z.B. 3 zu 4 ergibt 12 Positioniermöglichkeiten pro Umdrehung des Kolbens.Alternatively, more grooves on the piston are possible, advantageously an odd number to the number of slots on the hydraulic cylinder, e.g. 3 to 4 results in 12 positioning options per revolution of the piston.

In einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Erfindung kann der Kolben in mindestens einer Drehstellung mit dem Hydraulikzylinder verbindend fixiert sein. Dadurch kann eine sichere Positionierung des Kolbens während des Einsatzes des Werkzeugs gewährleistet werden.In a further embodiment of the invention, the piston can be fixed in at least one rotational position with the hydraulic cylinder connecting. As a result, a secure positioning of the piston during use of the tool can be ensured.

Vorteilhafterweise kann der Kolben in mindestens einer Drehstellung mit dem Hydraulikzylinder mittels eines Feststellelements fixiert sein. Dabei stellt das Feststellelement eine besonders zuverlässige Verdrehsicherung dar.Advantageously, the piston can be fixed in at least one rotational position with the hydraulic cylinder by means of a locking element. In this case, the locking element is a particularly reliable anti-rotation.

In einer Variante der Erfindung kann das Feststellelement ein Stift, Hülse oder Gewindestift sein. Dieser kann auf Grund seiner hohen Abscherfestigkeit sowie der einfachen und schnellen Montage eine gute Fixiermöglichkeit darstellen.In a variant of the invention, the locking element may be a pin, sleeve or threaded pin. Due to its high shearing resistance as well as the simple and quick installation, this can be a good fixation option.

In einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Erfindung kann der Kolben zur Volumenänderung mit einem Hilfswerkzeug mehrfach verdrehbar sein. Das Werkzeug kann die für die Rotation nötige Kraft besonders einfach auf den Kolben übertragen. Außerdem ist ein Werkzeug auch in schwer zugänglichen Montagesituationen einsetzbar.In a further embodiment of the invention, the piston for volume change with an auxiliary tool can be rotated several times. The tool is particularly easy to transfer the force required for the rotation of the piston. In addition, a tool can also be used in hard to reach mounting situations.

In einer Variante der Erfindung kann der Kolben ein im Wesentlichen L-förmiges Profil aufweisen. Dadurch kann das Gewicht des Kolbens verringert und eine kleinere Bauform realisiert werden.In a variant of the invention, the piston may have a substantially L-shaped profile. As a result, the weight of the piston can be reduced and a smaller design can be realized.

In einem günstigen Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung kann der Kolben einen äußeren Schenkel aufweisen, der mit der Außenfläche des Hydraulikzylinders eine Kammer für Reserveöl bildet. Somit kann die Kammer für das Reserveöl mit wenigen Bauteilen geformt werden. Die gesamte Baugruppe kann durch diese kompakte Anordnung besonders klein ausgeführt werden.In a favorable embodiment of the invention, the piston may have an outer leg, which forms a chamber for reserve oil with the outer surface of the hydraulic cylinder. Thus, the chamber for the reserve oil can be molded with few components. The entire assembly can be made very small by this compact arrangement.

Vorteilhafterweise kann der Kolben ein Innengewinde aufweisen, das im Wesentlichen dem Außengewinde des Hydraulikzylinders entspricht. Dadurch kann eine einwandfreie und klemmfreie Verbindung des Kolbens mit dem Hydraulikzylinder gewährleistet werden.Advantageously, the piston can have an internal thread, which essentially corresponds to the external thread of the hydraulic cylinder. As a result, a perfect and jam-free connection of the piston can be ensured with the hydraulic cylinder.

Bei einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der Erfindung kann der Kolben zwei unterschiedlich große zylindrische Innendurchmesser aufweisen. Dadurch kann der Kolben an die Form des Hydraulikzylinders angepasst werden und stellt eine besonders platzsparende Einbauvariante dar.In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the piston may have two different sized cylindrical inner diameter. As a result, the piston can be adapted to the shape of the hydraulic cylinder and represents a particularly space-saving installation variant.

Bei einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der Erfindung kann mindestens einer der Innendurchmesser des Kolbens eine Nut für einen Runddichtring aufweisen. Durch die Platzierung des Runddichtrings innerhalb des Kolbens kann dieser besonders gut abgedichtet werden.In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, at least one of the inner diameter of the piston may have a groove for an O-ring. By placing the O-ring within the piston, it can be sealed particularly well.

In einer Variante der Erfindung kann mindestens einer der Innendurchmesser des Kolbens eine Lauffläche für einen Runddichtring aufweisen. Dadurch kann ein eingebauter Runddichtring besonders gut an dem Innendurchmesser anliegen und das System abdichten.In a variant of the invention, at least one of the inner diameter of the piston may have a running surface for an O-ring. This allows a built-O-ring fit particularly well on the inner diameter and seal the system.

In einer besonders vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der Erfindung kann der Kolben mindestens eine Aufnahmeöffnung für das Feststellelement aufweisen. Somit kann das Feststellelement sicher platziert werden und den Kolben gegen Verdrehen sichern.In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, the piston may have at least one receiving opening for the locking element. Thus, the locking element can be placed securely and secure the piston against rotation.

In einem günstigen Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung kann der Kolben werkseitig auf eine vorgegebene Impulszahl, die beispielsweise 10 bis 40 Hz beträgt, voreinstellbar sein. Dadurch kann der Anwender des Werkzeugs den Impulsfrequenzbereich auf die eigenen Bedürfnisse anpassen.In a favorable embodiment of the invention, the piston can be factory preset to a predetermined number of pulses, which is for example 10 to 40 Hz. This allows the user of the tool to adjust the pulse frequency range to their own needs.

In einer besonders vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der Erfindung kann der Kolben nach der Einstellung der Impulszahl relativ zu dem Hydraulikzylinder mit dem Feststellelement fixierbar sein. Dadurch kann die voreingestellte Impulszahl von bevorzugterweise 30 Hz sicher fixiert und vor einer ungewünschten Verstellung gesichert werden.In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, the piston can be fixed relative to the hydraulic cylinder with the locking element after setting the number of pulses. As a result, the preset number of pulses of preferably 30 Hz can be securely fixed and secured against undesired adjustment.

Ein bevorzugtes Ausführungsbeispiel der vorliegenden Erfindung wird nun anhand der beigefügten Zeichnungen näher beschrieben. Im Einzelnen zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine schematische Darstellung eines erfindungsgemäßen Werkzeugs,
Fig. 2
eine Schnittansicht des Hydraulikschlagwerks,
Fig. 3
eine Seitenansicht des in Fig. 2 dargestellten Hydraulikschlagwerks,
Fig. 4
eine Funktionsdarstellung des Hydraulikschlagwerks mit einem voreingestellten Zusatzvolumen für das Reserveöl vor der eigentlichen Ölbefüllung,
Fig. 5
eine Funktionsdarstellung des Hydraulikschlagwerks mit vergrößertem Zusatzvolumen zur Aufnahme des Expansionsöles nach der Befüllung und verschließen des Hydraulikschlagwerks,
Fig. 6
eine Funktionsdarstellung des Werkzeugs mit weiterem Zusatzvolumen zur Erhöhung der Impulsfrequenz. Die Impulsfrequenz erhöht sich deshalb, weil wegen des größeren Volumens gegenüber der Ölbefüllung die Impulsphase später einsetzt und die Beschleunigungsphase dadurch früher beginnt.
A preferred embodiment of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In detail show:
Fig. 1
a schematic representation of a tool according to the invention,
Fig. 2
a sectional view of the hydraulic impact mechanism,
Fig. 3
a side view of the in Fig. 2 shown hydraulic impact mechanism,
Fig. 4
a functional representation of the hydraulic impact mechanism with a pre-set additional volume for the reserve oil before the actual oil filling,
Fig. 5
a functional representation of the hydraulic impact mechanism with increased additional volume for receiving the expansion oil after filling and closing the hydraulic impact mechanism,
Fig. 6
a functional representation of the tool with additional additional volume to increase the pulse frequency. The pulse frequency increases because because of the larger volume compared to the oil filling the pulse phase starts later and the acceleration phase begins earlier.

Gleiche Komponenten werden in den Zeichnungen durchgängig mit gleichen Bezugszeichen bezeichnet.Identical components are denoted by the same reference numerals throughout the drawings.

Die Fig. 1 zeigt eine schematische Seitenansicht eines Werkzeugs 1, welches eine Antriebseinheit 24, eine damit verbundenes Hydraulikschlagwerk 7 sowie einen Abtrieb aufweist. Die Antriebseinheit 24 ist ein herkömmlicher Motor mit Druckluftzufuhr. Durch ein Ventil lässt sich der Druck individuell von dem Anwender einschalten.The Fig. 1 shows a schematic side view of a tool 1, which has a drive unit 24, a hydraulic impact mechanism 7 connected thereto and an output. The drive unit 24 is a conventional motor with compressed air supply. A valve allows the pressure to be switched on individually by the user.

Das Hydraulikschlagwerk besteht im Wesentlichen aus einem Hydraulikrotor 26, einem Hydraulikzylinder 11 und Hydrauliklamellen 23, die zusammen von einem Druckluftmotor als Antriebseinheit 24 angetrieben werden. Durch das in einer Impulskammer 18 des Hydraulikzylinders befindliche Druckmedium, beispielsweise Hydrauliköl, wird der Hydraulikrotor 26 mit der Werkzeughalterung 25 rotierend mitgenommen. Dadurch wird eine Schraube oder eine Mutter in ein Bauteil geschraubt. Solange der Schraubenkopf oder die Mutter noch nicht aufliegen, wird der Hydraulikrotor 26 und der Hydraulikzylinder 11 von der Antriebseinheit 24 weiter gedreht. Sobald jedoch der Schraubenkopf bzw. die Mutter aufsitzen, erfährt der Hydraulikrotor 26 eine Gegenkraft. Zum Anziehen der Schraube oder der Mutter ist es nunmehr notwendig, dass mit der Hydraulikrotor 26 weiterhin ein Drehmoment auf die Schraube aufgebracht wird. Während des Schraubvorgangs verursacht der zu dem Hydraulikrotor 26 exzentrische Raum im Zylindergehäuse 11 unterschiedliche Druckverhältnisse an dem Hydraulikrotor 26 und eine höhere Kompression im verengten Gehäuseraum 11. Die Impulseinheit 6 weist ein Hydraulikschlagwerk 7 auf, das vier Dichtungsbereiche an dem Hydraulikzylinder 11 und vier Lamellen 23 auf dem Hydraulikrotor 26 aufweist. Während einer Impulsphase dichten die in dem Zylinder 11 befestigten Lamellen 23 an den stegförmigen Dichtungsbereichen 9 des Hydraulikzylinders 11 die vier in der Impulskammer 18 entstehenden Räume ab. Jeweils zwei gegenüberliegende Räume sind Hochdruckkammern und die beiden anderen gegenüberliegenden Räume sind Niederdruckkammern. Der entstehende Druck wirkt auf die Lamellen 23 und erzeugt einen hydraulischen Impuls, der durch die Motordrehung in rascher Folge hintereinander eintritt und dem Schlagen eines mechanischen Schlagschraubers entspricht. Nachdem die lmpulsabgabe erfolgte, muss die Antriebseinheit 24 den Hydraulikzylinder 11 erneut für den nächsten Impuls über eine volle Umdrehung beschleunigen. Damit die Impulse schnell aufeinander erfolgen können, ist eine kurze Überfahrzeit der Dichtungsbereiche 9 nach dem zuletzt ausgeübten Impuls notwendig.The hydraulic impact mechanism consists essentially of a hydraulic rotor 26, a hydraulic cylinder 11 and hydraulic blades 23, which are driven together by a pneumatic motor as the drive unit 24. By located in a pulse chamber 18 of the hydraulic cylinder pressure medium, such as hydraulic oil, the hydraulic rotor 26 is taken with the tool holder 25 rotating. This will screw a bolt or nut into a component. As long as the screw head or the nut is not resting, the hydraulic rotor 26 and the hydraulic cylinder 11 is rotated further by the drive unit 24. However, as soon as the screw head or the nut are seated, the hydraulic rotor 26 experiences a counterforce. To tighten the screw or nut, it is now necessary that the hydraulic rotor 26 continues to apply torque to the screw. During the screwing operation, the space in the cylinder housing 11 eccentric to the hydraulic rotor 26 causes different pressure ratios on the hydraulic rotor 26 and higher compression in the narrowed housing space 11. The pulse unit 6 has a hydraulic impact mechanism 7, which has four sealing areas on the hydraulic cylinder 11 and four fins 23 on the hydraulic rotor 26. During a pulse phase, the lamellae 23 fastened in the cylinder 11 at the web-shaped sealing regions 9 of the hydraulic cylinder 11 seal the four spaces formed in the pulse chamber 18. Two opposite rooms are high pressure chambers and the other two opposite rooms are low pressure chambers. The resulting pressure acts on the slats 23 and generates a hydraulic pulse, which occurs in rapid succession by the motor rotation and corresponds to the hitting of a mechanical impact wrench. After the pulse has been delivered, the drive unit 24 must again accelerate the hydraulic cylinder 11 for the next pulse over a full revolution. In order for the pulses to be able to reach each other quickly, a short transit time of the sealing regions 9 after the last impulse applied is necessary.

Eine Verbindung zum Zusatzvolumen ist während der lmpulsphase durch eine Lamelle abgedichtet, siehe Fig. 2.A connection to the additional volume is sealed by a lamella during the pulse phase, see Fig. 2 ,

Zur Vereinfachung wurde beispielsweise ein Schraubaufsatz für die Werkzeughalterung oder die Druckluftzufuhr nicht dargestellt.For simplicity, for example, a screw attachment for the tool holder or the compressed air supply was not shown.

Fig. 2 zeigt eine Schnittansicht des Hydraulikschlagwerks 7 mit einer Antriebsspindel 26, die sich ausgehend von der Antriebseinheit 24 durch das Hydraulikschlagwerk 7 erstreckt. An dem frei aus dem Werkzeug herausragenden Ende der Antriebsspindel 26 wird das für den Arbeitseinsatz gewünschte Werkzeug eingesetzt. Die seitliche Abdeckung des Hydraulikschlagwerks 7 erfolgt an der Abtriebsseite des Hydraulikrotors 26 durch einen Lagerdeckel 27, der eine Einfüllöffnung für das Hydrauliköl aufweist. Die andere Seite des Hydraulikschlagwerks 7 wird mit einem drehbaren Kolben 2 verschlossen. Die Montage der Impulseinheit 6 vor dem Einbringen in den Schrauber 1 läuft wie folgt ab. Das bereits zusammengefügte Hydraulikschlagwerk 7 wird an einer Seite mit dem Lagerdeckel 27 und an der anderen Seite mit dem drehbaren Kolben 2 und den damit in Verbindung stehenden Runddichtringen 13, 14 verschlossen. Vor dem Befüllen der lmpulseinheit 6 mit dem Arbeitsfluid wird der drehbare Kolben 2 axial soweit auf den Hydraulikzylinder 11 aufgeschraubt, bis er die Anschlagstellung erreicht. Wird der Kolben vor der Befüllung gegen Uhrzeigersinn gedreht, beispielsweise 1 Umdrehung wird bei der Befüllung dieses Zusatzvolumens ebenfalls mit Arbeitsfluid befüllt und steht als nutzbares Reservefluid später bei Bedarf zur Verfügung. Dann kann das Arbeitsfluid, insbesondere Hydrauliköl, durch die Einfüllöffnung in die Impulseinheit 6 eingebracht werden. Wenn das Arbeitsvolumen innerhalb der Impulseinheit 6 vollständig mit Hydrauliköl befüllt wurde, wird die Einfüllöffnung in dem Lagerdeckel 27 fest verschlossen. Innerhalb der Impulseinheit 6 befindet sich nun keine Luft mehr. Fig. 2 shows a sectional view of the hydraulic impact mechanism 7 with a drive spindle 26 which extends from the drive unit 24 through the hydraulic impact mechanism 7. At the free end of the tool protruding end of the drive spindle 26, the desired tool for the work is used. The lateral cover of the hydraulic impact mechanism 7 takes place on the output side of the hydraulic rotor 26 through a bearing cap 27, which has a filling opening for the hydraulic oil. The other side of the hydraulic impact mechanism 7 is closed by a rotatable piston 2. The assembly of the pulse unit 6 before introduction into the screwdriver 1 proceeds as follows. The already assembled hydraulic impact mechanism 7 is closed on one side with the bearing cap 27 and on the other side with the rotatable piston 2 and the round O-rings 13, 14 associated therewith. Before filling the pulse unit 6 with the working fluid, the rotatable piston 2 is screwed axially onto the hydraulic cylinder 11 until it reaches the stop position. If the piston is rotated counterclockwise before filling, for example 1 turn when filling this additional volume also filled with working fluid and is available as a useful reserve fluid later when needed. Then the working fluid, in particular hydraulic oil, can be introduced through the filling opening into the pulse unit 6. If the working volume within the pulse unit 6 has been completely filled with hydraulic oil, the filling opening in the bearing cap 27 is tightly closed. Within the pulse unit 6 is now no more air.

Der drehbare Kolben 2, der sich noch in Reservestellung (Fig. 4) mit dem Hydraulikzylinder 11 befindet, kann nun gedreht und somit axial auf dem Hydraulikzylinder 11 verschoben werden, so dass sich zwischen den Stirnflächen des Kolbens 2 und des Hydraulikzylinders 11 eine Kammer 3 mit einem entsprechenden Zusatzvolumen 4 bildet. Die Größe der Kammer kann in Grenzen durch Drehen des Kolbens 2 vergrößert und verkleinert werden. Dabei geht das Zusatzvolumen gegen Null, wenn der Kolben an der Stirnseite des Hydraulikzylinders 11 anstößt und erreicht sein maximales Volumen, wenn er soweit von der Stirnfläche des Hydraulikzylinders 11 axial verschoben wird, bis die letztmögliche Dichtungsposition erreicht ist. Diese Dichtungsposition wird durch den Runddichtring 13 auf dem äußeren Umfang des Hydraulikzylinders 11 festgelegt. Vorteilhafterweise begrenzt ein Anschlag die axiale Verfahrmöglichkeit.The rotatable piston 2, which is still in reserve position ( Fig. 4 ) is located with the hydraulic cylinder 11, can now be rotated and thus moved axially on the hydraulic cylinder 11, so that between the end faces of the piston 2 and the hydraulic cylinder 11, a chamber 3 with a corresponding additional volume 4 is formed. The size of the chamber can be increased and reduced in limits by turning the piston 2. In this case, the additional volume goes to zero when the piston abuts the end face of the hydraulic cylinder 11 and reaches its maximum volume when it is axially displaced so far from the end face of the hydraulic cylinder 11 until the last possible sealing position is reached. This sealing position is determined by the O-ring 13 on the outer periphery of the hydraulic cylinder 11. Advantageously, a stop limits the axial movement possibility.

Bei Betrieb des Werkzeugs erwärmt sich das Arbeitsfluid innerhalb des Hydraulikschlagwerkes 7 und dehnt sich aus. Wird kein genügend großes Zusatzvolumen zur Verfügung gestellt, bleibt die Impulseinheit gegebenenfalls stehen, bis sich das Arbeitsfluid wieder abgekühlt und das gesamte Arbeitsfluid verringert hat. Mit dem drehbaren Kolben 2 wird das nötige Zusatzvolumen zur Verfügung gestellt. Dazu wird der Kolben entgegen des Uhrzeigersinns gedreht und durch die axiale Verschiebung vergrößert sich der Raum zwischen den Stirnflächen des Kolbens 2 und des Hydraulikzylinders 11. Wie in Fig. 5 zu sehen, kann somit das Fluidausgleichsvolumen eingestellt werden.During operation of the tool, the working fluid within the hydraulic impact mechanism 7 heats up and expands. If no sufficiently large additional volume is made available, the pulse unit will possibly stop until the working fluid has cooled down again and the entire working fluid has been reduced. With the rotatable piston 2, the necessary additional volume is provided. For this purpose, the piston is rotated counterclockwise and by the axial displacement increases the space between the end faces of the piston 2 and the hydraulic cylinder 11. As in Fig. 5 to see, so the fluid compensation volume can be adjusted.

Wird das Arbeitsfluid in das Hydraulikschlagwerk 7 eingefüllt, wenn der drehbare Kolben 2 sich in der in Fig. 4 dargestellten Stellung befindet, kann ein um die Kammer 3 größeres Volumen des Arbeitsfluids (Reservefluid) eingefüllt werden.If the working fluid is filled in the hydraulic impact mechanism 7, when the rotatable piston 2 in the in Fig. 4 is shown, a volume around the chamber 3 larger volume of the working fluid (reserve fluid) can be filled.

Das Werkzeug kann werkseitig so mit Arbeitsfluid befüllt werden, dass es eine Impulsfrequenz von in etwa 30 Hz erreicht. Während des Einsatzes des Werkzeugs kann der Reduzierung der Impulsfrequenz auf Grund der Erwärmung des Arbeitsfluids entgegengewirkt werden, indem der drehbare Kolben 2 entgegen des Uhrzeigersinns gedreht wird und somit das Zusatzvolumen 4 vergrößert wird. Damit sich dann im weiteren Arbeitsablauf der drehbare Kolben 2 nicht selbstständig verdrehen kann, wird ein Feststellelement 15, das insbesondere ein Stift, Hülse oder ein Gewindestift ist, zur axialen Sicherung zwischen dem Hydraulikzylinder 11 und dem drehbaren Kolben 2 eingefügt. Dadurch werden die beiden Teile miteinander versperrt. Ein weiterer Runddichtring kann das eingefügte Feststellelement zusätzlich axial absichern.The tool can be factory filled with working fluid so that it reaches a pulse frequency of about 30 Hz. During use of the tool, the reduction of the pulse frequency due to the heating of the working fluid can be counteracted be rotated by the rotatable piston 2 counterclockwise and thus the additional volume 4 is increased. Thus, in the further course of the rotatable piston 2 can not turn independently, a locking element 15, which is in particular a pin, sleeve or a threaded pin, inserted for axial securing between the hydraulic cylinder 11 and the rotatable piston 2. This locks the two parts together. Another O-ring can additionally secure the inserted locking element axially.

Die Verstellung des drehbaren Kolbens 2 zur Vergrößerung des Zusatzvolumens 5 und dadurch Erhöhung der Impulsfrequenz kann beliebig oft durchgeführt werden, bis das Zusatzvolumen entweder zu groß wird und das Arbeitsfluid dadurch nicht genügend Druck für den lmpulsaufbau bereitstellt oder aber der drehbare Kolben auf Grund seiner Abmessungen an seine Grenzen stößt.The adjustment of the rotatable piston 2 to increase the additional volume 5 and thereby increasing the pulse frequency can be carried out as often, until the additional volume is either too large and the working fluid thereby does not provide enough pressure for the pulse structure or the rotatable piston due to its dimensions pushes its limits.

Wenn das Zusatzvolumen 5 verringert werden soll, weil das Arbeitsfluid verbraucht wurde und um den Druck innerhalb der Impulskammer wiederherzustellen oder die Impulsfrequenz zu reduzieren, muss das Reserveöl aktiviert und der Kolben 2 im Uhrzeigersinn gedreht werden, so dass er sich axial auf dem Hydraulikzylinder 11 verschiebt. Dazu müssen zuvor der elastische Ring 22 und das Feststellelement 15 des Kolbens entfernt werden und nach Beendigung der Verstellung werden beide wieder eingesetzt.If the additional volume 5 is to be reduced because the working fluid has been consumed and to restore the pressure within the pulse chamber or reduce the pulse frequency, the reserve oil must be activated and the piston 2 rotated clockwise so that it shifts axially on the hydraulic cylinder 11 , For this purpose, the elastic ring 22 and the locking element 15 of the piston must first be removed and after the adjustment has been completed both are reused.

Die axiale Verdrehsicherung des drehbaren Kolbens 2 kann auch mit anderen axial oder radial angeordneten Befestigungsmitteln, beispielsweise einem Splint ausgeführt werden.The axial rotation of the rotatable piston 2 can also be performed with other axially or radially arranged fastening means, such as a split pin.

Des Weiteren ist die axiale Verschiebung des drehbaren Kolbens 2 auch durch andere geeignete Maßnahmen, wie beispielsweise eine Keilwellenverbindung möglich. Zur Abdichtung können anstatt der Runddichtringen auch alle anderen schleifenden Dichtungen eingesetzt werden.Furthermore, the axial displacement of the rotatable piston 2 is also possible by other suitable measures, such as a splined connection. For sealing, all other sliding seals can be used instead of O-rings.

Claims (24)

  1. Tool (1), in particular an impact wrench,
    with a pulse unit (6) having a hydraulic impact mechanism (7) and a drive unit (24),
    wherein a working volume (5) within the hydraulic impact mechanism (7) can be connected to an additional volume (4) formed outside of it,
    characterised in that,
    at least the additional volume (4) can be varied independently of the pressure.
  2. Tool (1) according to Claim 1, characterised in that the hydraulic impact mechanism (7) is arranged between the drive unit (24) and a tool holder (25).
  3. Tool (1) according to one of the aforementioned claims, characterised in that the additional volume (4) has setting means (2) limiting at one end.
  4. Tool (1) according to Claim 3, characterised in that the additional volume (4) can be enlarged and reduced by means of the setting means (2).
  5. Tool (1) according to claim 3 or 4, characterised in that the setting means (2) is a manually adjustable piston (2).
  6. Tool (1) according to claim 5, characterised in that the piston (2) can be set via an external and / or internal thread relative to the hydraulic cylinder (11).
  7. Tool (1) according to claim 5 or 6, characterised in that the additional volume (4) is arranged between the hydraulic cylinder (11) and the piston (2).
  8. Tool (1) according to one of the claims 5 to 7, characterised in that the piston (2) is manufactured from a resilient, stiff and low-mass material, in particular hard anodised aluminium.
  9. Tool (1) according to one of the claims 6 to 8, characterised in that the piston (2) is sealed relative to the hydraulic cylinder (11) with O-ring seals (13, 14).
  10. Tool (1) according to one of the claims 5 to 9, characterised in that the piston (2) can be fixed in at least one rotary position (16).
  11. Tool (1) according to claim 6, characterised in that the hydraulic cylinder (11) has at least four fixable rotary positions (16) which are arranged offset, in particular by 90°.
  12. Tool (1) according to one of the claims 6 to 8 or 11, characterised in that the piston (2) is fixed in at least one rotary position (16) relative to the hydraulic cylinder (11).
  13. Tool (1) according to one of the claims 6 to 8 or 11, characterised in that the piston (2) is fixed in at least one rotary position (16) relative to the hydraulic cylinder (11) by means of a locking element (15).
  14. Tool (1) according to Claim 13, characterised in that the locking element (15) is a pin, sleeve or threaded stud.
  15. Tool (1) according to one of the claims 5 to 14, characterised in that the piston (2) can be rotated with an auxiliary tool to change the volume.
  16. Tool (1) according to one of the claims 5 to 15, characterised in that the piston (2) has an essentially L-shaped profile.
  17. Tool (1) according to one of the claims 6 to 8, 11 or 13 characterised in that the piston (2) has an outer limb profile which forms a chamber (3) and (4) with the hydraulic cylinder (11) for reserve oil and compensating oil.
  18. Tool (1) according to claim 6, characterised in that the piston (2) has an internal thread, which can be screwed onto an external thread of the hydraulic cylinder (11).
  19. Tool (1) according to one of the claims 5 to 18, characterised in that the piston (2) has two cylindrical internal diameters of different size.
  20. Tool (1) according to claim 19, characterised in that at least one of the internal diameters of the piston (2) has a groove for an O-ring seal (13, 14).
  21. Tool (1) according to claim 19 or 20, characterised in that at least one of the internal diameters of the piston (2) has a mounting surface for an O-ring seal (13, 14).
  22. Tool (1) according to claim 13, characterised in that the piston (2) has at least one receptacle opening or groove for the locking element (15).
  23. Tool (1) according to one of the claims 5 to 22, characterised in that the reserve oil, the oil compensating volume and the increase in pulse frequency can be set simultaneously with the piston (2).
  24. Tool (1) according to claims 13 or 22, characterised in that the piston (2) can be fixed relative to the hydraulic cylinder (11) with the locking element (15) after setting the pulse rate.
EP06023566A 2006-11-13 2006-11-13 Tool with hydraulic percussion mechanism Not-in-force EP1920887B1 (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES06023566T ES2338690T3 (en) 2006-11-13 2006-11-13 TOOL WITH HYDRAULIC PERCUSSION MECHANISM.
DE502006005743T DE502006005743D1 (en) 2006-11-13 2006-11-13 Tool with a hydraulic impact mechanism
AT06023566T ATE452731T1 (en) 2006-11-13 2006-11-13 TOOL WITH A HYDRAULIC IMPACT
EP06023566A EP1920887B1 (en) 2006-11-13 2006-11-13 Tool with hydraulic percussion mechanism
US11/939,307 US7647986B2 (en) 2006-11-13 2007-11-13 Tool

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP06023566A EP1920887B1 (en) 2006-11-13 2006-11-13 Tool with hydraulic percussion mechanism

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1920887A1 EP1920887A1 (en) 2008-05-14
EP1920887B1 true EP1920887B1 (en) 2009-12-23

Family

ID=37908063

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP06023566A Not-in-force EP1920887B1 (en) 2006-11-13 2006-11-13 Tool with hydraulic percussion mechanism

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US7647986B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1920887B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE452731T1 (en)
DE (1) DE502006005743D1 (en)
ES (1) ES2338690T3 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US7647986B2 (en) 2010-01-19
EP1920887A1 (en) 2008-05-14
ATE452731T1 (en) 2010-01-15
US20080110656A1 (en) 2008-05-15
ES2338690T3 (en) 2010-05-11
DE502006005743D1 (en) 2010-02-04

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