EP1920510B1 - Plasma spark plug for an internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Plasma spark plug for an internal combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1920510B1
EP1920510B1 EP06794465A EP06794465A EP1920510B1 EP 1920510 B1 EP1920510 B1 EP 1920510B1 EP 06794465 A EP06794465 A EP 06794465A EP 06794465 A EP06794465 A EP 06794465A EP 1920510 B1 EP1920510 B1 EP 1920510B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
casing
spark plug
outer casing
inner casing
chosen
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EP06794465A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1920510A1 (en
Inventor
Xavier Jaffrezic
André AGNERAY
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Renault SAS
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Renault SAS
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Publication of EP1920510A1 publication Critical patent/EP1920510A1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
    • H01T13/40—Sparking plugs structurally combined with other devices
    • H01T13/44—Sparking plugs structurally combined with other devices with transformers, e.g. for high-frequency ignition

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a plasma generation spark plug, used in particular for igniting internal combustion engines by electric spark between the electrodes of a candle.
  • an ignition spark of an internal combustion engine comprising two electrically insulated plasma generation electrodes respectively constituting an outer cap surrounding the insulator, and a central electrode housed in a central bore of the insulator.
  • a multi-spark spark plug has an electromagnetic shielding materialized by a metal envelope that can be made, for example in the form of a shaped thin tube or a thin layer deposited or a metallized and plated plastic film, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the electromagnetic shield has two parts: the electrical shield and the magnetic shield.
  • the electrical shielding protects the environment of the spark plug from disturbances caused by the electric field created by the winding.
  • the magnetic shielding ensures that the magnetic field remains inside this envelope.
  • the flow of the current corresponding to the electrical shielding effects is limited to the outer face of the envelope while the current flow related to the magnetic shielding is limited to the inner face of the envelope.
  • the insulator is generally produced in materials having particular physicochemical characteristics with, as a counterpart, the coefficients of expansion as a function of the temperature of the material that can be used. to be important.
  • the invention aims to achieve an electromagnetic shielding while providing insulation between the mandrel and the envelope.
  • the invention proposes a plug of the type cited above, characterized in that the substantially inductive upper part comprises a second internal electromagnetic shielding envelope which is interposed radially between the insulator and the outer casing.
  • the inner face of the inner casing is adjacent to the outer face of the insulator.
  • the inner casing is of constant thickness.
  • the outer casing has a thickness at least equal to the skin thickness which corresponds to the penetration depth of the current lines in the outer casing.
  • the inner face of the outer casing is cylindrical in shape with a circular section
  • the outer face of the inner casing is cylindrical in shape with a polygonal section
  • the inner casing is dimensioned such that way that the axial edges of the inner casing are in electrical contact with the inner face of the outer casing.
  • the mandrel is cylindrical in shape.
  • the outer envelope is selected from electrically conductive materials such as copper.
  • the inner envelope is selected from electrically conductive materials such as copper.
  • the material of the outer envelope and the dimensions of the outer envelope are chosen so that the outer envelope shields at least the electric field produced by the winding.
  • the material of the inner envelope and the dimensions of the inner envelope are chosen so that the inner envelope electromagnetic shielding.
  • the figure 1 is a schematic sectional view along the Z axis of a radiofrequency plasma candle according to the state of the art.
  • the figure 2 represents a schematic "exploded" view of the inductive portion of a candle having two envelopes according to the invention.
  • the figure 3 is a schematic sectional view of the inductive portion of a candle having two envelopes according to the invention.
  • the figure 4 represents a schematic sectional view along the axis 4-4 'of the figure 3 according to the invention.
  • the figure 5 represents the circulation of currents related to the electromagnetic field by a sectional view along the axis 5-5 'of the figure 3 according to the invention.
  • a radiofrequency plasma plug 1 of substantially cylindrical general shape mainly comprises a substantially capacitive bottom portion C and a substantially inductive upper part I, the parts C and 1 being of substantially elongated shape, connected in series and having a common longitudinal axis Z.
  • the substantially capacitive portion C comprises, in particular, a base 2 intended to be connected to the ground and surrounding a central electrode 3, substantially cylindrical, axis Z, acting as a high voltage electrode.
  • An electrically insulating block, called “insulator 4 is placed between the base 2 and the central electrode 3, the insulator 4 being configured to guide the sparks between the electrodes 2 and 3.
  • the base 2 has, on the outer face of its lower part closest to the cylinder head of the internal combustion engine equipped with the candle 1, a shape suitable for the introduction, maintenance and tightening of the spark plug 1 on the cylinder head (for example and without limitation, as shown in FIG. figure 1 : a thread).
  • the essentially inductive part I of the spark plug 1 comprises a central mandrel 8 successively surrounded by a winding 5, an insulator 7, an inner envelope 62 and an outer envelope 61.
  • the mandrel 8 is cylindrical in shape with a circular section whose axis is substantially coincident with the axis Z of the candle 1. It is made of insulating and non-magnetic material.
  • the winding 5 is composed of turns 51 surrounding the central mandrel 8 from a first upper turn 512 to a last lower turn 513. As shown in FIG. figure 1 the first upper turn 512 is connected to the connector 12 and the last lower turn 513 is connected by appropriate means 14 to an inner end of the central electrode 3.
  • the insulator 7 which surrounds the winding 5 is of cylindrical shape with a polygonal section and is chosen from a material with low electromagnetic losses.
  • materials satisfying this property there is the family of silicones whose major disadvantage is to have a coefficient of significant thermal expansion of the order of 0.0001 K -1 .
  • the inner envelope 62 has an inner face 622 and an outer face 621. It is of cylindrical shape with polygonal section. Nevertheless, only the outer face 621 can be chosen to have a cylindrical shape with a polygonal section.
  • the inner casing 62 is made so that the inner face 622 of the inner casing 62 is adjacent to the outer face 71 of the insulator 7.
  • the inner casing 62 is selected from a conductive material in the area of frequency, located between 1 Mhz and 10MHz, claimed for the operation of this candle 1. It may be made of different metallic materials, for example copper or different materials covered on its external faces with metal salts, for example a nickel deposit by electroplating.
  • the thickness of this envelope 61 is chosen constant and sufficiently thin to ensure conductivity at low frequency.
  • the inner casing 62 may be chosen from 5 to 10 ⁇ m copper.
  • the outer casing 61 has an outer face 611 and an inner face 612. It is cylindrical in shape with circular section. But, only its inner face 612 can be chosen to have a cylindrical shape with a circular section.
  • This envelope 61 is selected from a material and is dimensioned in such a way that the circulation of the currents related to the electromagnetic shielding is ensured.
  • This outer envelope 61 is chosen from a conducting material in the frequency range, located between 1 Mhz and 10 MHz, claimed for the operation of this candle 1.
  • this envelope 61 may be made of a material with a high conductivity (such as copper: 6 ⁇ 10 7 S / m) or in a low conductivity material (such as steel: 1 x 10 7 S / m) and covered on its outer faces by a conductive layer, for example copper or silver.
  • the thickness of this envelope 61 is at least greater than the skin thickness which corresponds to the depth of penetration of the current lines in a conductor in the frequency range, located between 1 MHz and 10 MHz, claimed for the operation of this candle 1.
  • the outer casing 61 is copper, its thickness is at least of 100 ⁇ m.
  • the outer casing 61 is dimensioned such that its axial edges 613 are in electrical contact with the inner face 612 of the outer casing 61.
  • the empty zones created between the inner casing 62 and the outer casing 61 allow the insulator 7, having a high coefficient of thermal expansion, to expand by converging towards a substantially cylindrical outer shape that partially or completely empty areas.
  • the electromagnetic shielding is provided.
  • the current 10 connected to the magnetic shielding circulates mainly on the inner face 612 of the outer casing 61.
  • the current related to the electric shielding circulates mainly on the outer face 611 of the outer casing 61. It comprises, in particular, two components : a first component 111 which corresponds to the electrical charging of the capacitor located at the end of the coil 5 and a second component 112 which corresponds to the current required to block the electric field created by the coil 5.
  • This second component 112 circulates, in a first time, radially at the outer envelope 61 and the contact points 9 of the interface between the inner casing 62 and the outer casing 61. It flows, in a second step, in the inner casing 62 so to distribute itself homogeneously to shield the electric field created by the winding 5.
  • the tightening torque for the realization of the connection between the essentially capacitive part C and the essentially inductive part 1 of the spark plug 1 is transmitted by the outer casing 61.
  • the thickness of the outer casing 61 will be therefore dimensioned to ensure the transmission of this tightening torque.
  • the main advantage of this type of transmission is that it reduces the mechanical stresses to the largest radius available, where the leverage effect is optimal, thus minimizing the mechanical stresses on the materials themselves.
  • the envelopes 61, 62 can effectively provide electromagnetic shielding while respecting the function of the insulator 7 which is a high coefficient of expansion material.

Abstract

An essentially-elongated spark plug for an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle, including: an essentially-capacitive lower part including two coaxial electrodes; an essentially-inductive upper part including a central mandrel, a coaxial winding around the mandrel, and an external tubular casing that serves as electromagnetic armor; and an insulant disposed radially between the casing and the winding. The essentially-inductive upper part includes a second internal casing of electromagnetic armor, which is disposed radially between the insulant and the external casing.

Description

L'invention concerne une bougie de génération de plasma, utilisée notamment pour l'allumage de moteurs à combustion interne par étincelles électriques entre les électrodes d'une bougie.The invention relates to a plasma generation spark plug, used in particular for igniting internal combustion engines by electric spark between the electrodes of a candle.

Plus précisément, elle concerne une bougie d'allumage de moteur à combustion interne comprenant deux électrodes de génération de plasma séparées par un isolant qui constituent respectivement un culot extérieur entourant l'isolant, et une électrode centrale logée dans un alésage central de l'isolant.More specifically, it relates to an ignition spark of an internal combustion engine comprising two electrically insulated plasma generation electrodes respectively constituting an outer cap surrounding the insulator, and a central electrode housed in a central bore of the insulator. .

Par les publications, FR2859830 , FR2859869 , FR2859831 , une bougie multi-étincelles dispose d'un blindage électromagnétique matérialisé par une enveloppe métallique pouvant être réalisée, par exemple sous la forme d'un tube mince façonné ou d'une couche mince déposée ou d'un film plastique métallisé et plaqué, selon le préambule de la revendication 1.By publications, FR2859830 , FR2859869 , FR2859831 , a multi-spark spark plug has an electromagnetic shielding materialized by a metal envelope that can be made, for example in the form of a shaped thin tube or a thin layer deposited or a metallized and plated plastic film, according to the preamble of claim 1.

Le blindage électromagnétique comporte deux parties : le blindage électrique et le blindage magnétique. Le blindage électrique permet de protéger l'environnement de la bougie des perturbations provoquées par le champ électrique créé par le bobinage. Le blindage magnétique permet d'assurer au champ magnétique de rester à l'intérieur de cette enveloppe. La circulation du courant correspondant aux effets de blindage électrique est limitée à la face extérieure de l'enveloppe tandis que la circulation du courant lié au blindage magnétique est limitée à la face intérieure de l'enveloppe. De plus, pour assurer une isolation entre le mandrin et l'enveloppe, l'isolant est réalisé, en général, dans des matériaux ayant des caractéristiques physico-chimiques particulières avec comme contre partie des coefficients de dilatation en fonction de la température du matériau pouvant être important.The electromagnetic shield has two parts: the electrical shield and the magnetic shield. The electrical shielding protects the environment of the spark plug from disturbances caused by the electric field created by the winding. The magnetic shielding ensures that the magnetic field remains inside this envelope. The flow of the current corresponding to the electrical shielding effects is limited to the outer face of the envelope while the current flow related to the magnetic shielding is limited to the inner face of the envelope. In addition, in order to insure an insulation between the mandrel and the envelope, the insulator is generally produced in materials having particular physicochemical characteristics with, as a counterpart, the coefficients of expansion as a function of the temperature of the material that can be used. to be important.

Il est donc difficile de concilier à la fois le blindage électromagnétique et l'isolation entre le mandrin et l'enveloppe.It is therefore difficult to reconcile both the electromagnetic shielding and the insulation between the mandrel and the envelope.

Afin de pallier ces inconvénients, l'invention vise à réaliser un blindage électromagnétique tout en assurant une isolation entre le mandrin et l'enveloppe.To overcome these drawbacks, the invention aims to achieve an electromagnetic shielding while providing insulation between the mandrel and the envelope.

A cet effet, l'invention propose une bougie du type cité cidessus, caractérisée en ce que la partie supérieure essentiellement inductive comporte une deuxième enveloppe interne de blindage électromagnétique qui est interposée radialement entre l'isolant et l'enveloppe externe.For this purpose, the invention proposes a plug of the type cited above, characterized in that the substantially inductive upper part comprises a second internal electromagnetic shielding envelope which is interposed radially between the insulator and the outer casing.

Selon d'autres caractéristiques de l'invention, la face intérieure de l'enveloppe interne est adjacente à la face extérieure de l'isolant.According to other features of the invention, the inner face of the inner casing is adjacent to the outer face of the insulator.

Selon d'autres caractéristiques de l'invention, l'enveloppe interne est d'épaisseur constante.According to other features of the invention, the inner casing is of constant thickness.

Selon d'autres caractéristiques de l'invention, l'enveloppe externe a une épaisseur au moins égale à l'épaisseur de peau qui correspond à la profondeur de pénétration des lignes de courant dans l'enveloppe externe.According to other features of the invention, the outer casing has a thickness at least equal to the skin thickness which corresponds to the penetration depth of the current lines in the outer casing.

Selon d'autres caractéristiques de l'invention, la face intérieure de l'enveloppe externe est de forme cylindrique à section circulaire, la face extérieure de l'enveloppe interne est de forme cylindrique à section polygonale et l'enveloppe interne est dimensionnée de telle façon que les arêtes axiales de l'enveloppe interne soient en contact électrique avec la face intérieure de l'enveloppe externe.According to other features of the invention, the inner face of the outer casing is cylindrical in shape with a circular section, the outer face of the inner casing is cylindrical in shape with a polygonal section and the inner casing is dimensioned such that way that the axial edges of the inner casing are in electrical contact with the inner face of the outer casing.

Selon d'autres caractéristiques de l'invention, le mandrin est de forme cylindrique.According to other features of the invention, the mandrel is cylindrical in shape.

Selon d'autres caractéristiques de l'invention, l'enveloppe externe est choisie parmi des matériaux conducteurs électriques tel que le cuivre.According to other features of the invention, the outer envelope is selected from electrically conductive materials such as copper.

Selon d'autres caractéristiques de l'invention, l'enveloppe interne est choisie parmi des matériaux conducteurs électriques tel que le cuivre.According to other features of the invention, the inner envelope is selected from electrically conductive materials such as copper.

Selon d'autres caractéristiques de l'invention, le matériau de l'enveloppe externe et les dimensions de l'enveloppe externe sont choisis de façon à ce que l'enveloppe externe fasse blindage au moins au champ électrique produit par le bobinage.According to other characteristics of the invention, the material of the outer envelope and the dimensions of the outer envelope are chosen so that the outer envelope shields at least the electric field produced by the winding.

Selon d'autres caractéristiques de l'invention, le matériau de l'enveloppe interne et les dimensions de l'enveloppe interne sont choisis de façon à ce que l'enveloppe interne fasse blindage électromagnétique.According to other features of the invention, the material of the inner envelope and the dimensions of the inner envelope are chosen so that the inner envelope electromagnetic shielding.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront à la lecture de la description d'exemples de réalisation en référence aux figures annexées.Other features and advantages of the invention will appear on reading the description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the appended figures.

La figure 1 représente une vue schématique en coupe selon l'axe Z d'une bougie à plasma radiofréquence selon l'état de la technique.The figure 1 is a schematic sectional view along the Z axis of a radiofrequency plasma candle according to the state of the art.

La figure 2 représente une vue schématique « en éclaté » de la partie inductive d'une bougie comportant deux enveloppes selon l'invention.The figure 2 represents a schematic "exploded" view of the inductive portion of a candle having two envelopes according to the invention.

La figure 3 représente une vue schématique en coupe de la partie inductive d'une bougie comportant deux enveloppes selon l'invention.The figure 3 is a schematic sectional view of the inductive portion of a candle having two envelopes according to the invention.

La figure 4 représente une vue schématique en coupe selon l'axe 4-4' de la figure 3 selon l'invention.The figure 4 represents a schematic sectional view along the axis 4-4 'of the figure 3 according to the invention.

La figure 5 représente la circulation des courants liés au champ électromagnétique par une vue en coupe selon l'axe 5-5' de la figure 3 selon l'invention.The figure 5 represents the circulation of currents related to the electromagnetic field by a sectional view along the axis 5-5 'of the figure 3 according to the invention.

Des éléments identiques ou analogues sont désignés par les mêmes chiffres de référence.Identical or similar elements are designated by the same reference numerals.

Tel que représenté à la figure 1, une bougie à plasma radiofréquence 1 de forme générale sensiblement cylindrique comporte principalement une partie inférieure essentiellement capacitive C et une partie supérieure essentiellement inductive I, les parties C et l étant de forme sensiblement allongées, connectées en série et comportant un axe longitudinal commun Z.As shown in figure 1 , a radiofrequency plasma plug 1 of substantially cylindrical general shape mainly comprises a substantially capacitive bottom portion C and a substantially inductive upper part I, the parts C and 1 being of substantially elongated shape, connected in series and having a common longitudinal axis Z.

La partie essentiellement capacitive C comporte, notamment, un culot 2 destiné à être relié à la masse et entourant une électrode centrale 3, sensiblement cylindrique, d'axe Z, jouant le rôle d'électrode haute tension. Un bloc électriquement isolant, appelé « isolant 4 est placé entre le culot 2 et l'électrode centrale 3, l'isolant 4 étant configuré de manière à guider les étincelles entre les électrodes 2 et 3. D'une manière bien connue dans l'état de la technique, le culot 2 présente, sur la face extérieure de sa partie inférieure la plus proche de la culasse du moteur à combustion interne équipé de la bougie 1, une forme appropriée à la mise en place, au maintien et au serrage de la bougie 1 sur la culasse (par exemple et de manière non limitative, ainsi que représenté sur la figure 1 : un filetage).The substantially capacitive portion C comprises, in particular, a base 2 intended to be connected to the ground and surrounding a central electrode 3, substantially cylindrical, axis Z, acting as a high voltage electrode. An electrically insulating block, called "insulator 4 is placed between the base 2 and the central electrode 3, the insulator 4 being configured to guide the sparks between the electrodes 2 and 3. In a manner well known in the art. state of the art, the base 2 has, on the outer face of its lower part closest to the cylinder head of the internal combustion engine equipped with the candle 1, a shape suitable for the introduction, maintenance and tightening of the spark plug 1 on the cylinder head (for example and without limitation, as shown in FIG. figure 1 : a thread).

Tel que représenté à la figure 2 et à la figure 3, la partie essentiellement inductive I de la bougie 1 comporte un mandrin 8 central entouré successivement d'un bobinage 5, d'un isolant 7, d'une enveloppe interne 62 et d'une enveloppe externe 61.As shown in figure 2 and at the figure 3 the essentially inductive part I of the spark plug 1 comprises a central mandrel 8 successively surrounded by a winding 5, an insulator 7, an inner envelope 62 and an outer envelope 61.

Le mandrin 8 est de forme cylindrique à section circulaire dont l'axe est sensiblement confondu avec l'axe Z de la bougie 1. Il est réalisé en matériau isolant et amagnétique.The mandrel 8 is cylindrical in shape with a circular section whose axis is substantially coincident with the axis Z of the candle 1. It is made of insulating and non-magnetic material.

Le bobinage 5 est composé de spires 51 entourant le mandrin 8 central depuis une première spire supérieure 512 jusqu'à une dernière spire inférieure 513. Tel que représenté à la figure 1, la première spire supérieure 512 est relié au connecteur 12 et la dernière spire inférieure 513 est relié par des moyens appropriés 14 à une extrémité interne de l'électrode centrale 3.The winding 5 is composed of turns 51 surrounding the central mandrel 8 from a first upper turn 512 to a last lower turn 513. As shown in FIG. figure 1 the first upper turn 512 is connected to the connector 12 and the last lower turn 513 is connected by appropriate means 14 to an inner end of the central electrode 3.

L'isolant 7 qui entoure le bobinage 5 est de forme cylindrique à section polygonale et il est choisi dans un matériau à faibles pertes électromagnétiques. Parmi les matériaux satisfaisant cette propriété, il existe la famille des silicones dont l'inconvénient majeur est de présenter un coefficient de dilatation thermique important de l'ordre de 0.0001 K-1.The insulator 7 which surrounds the winding 5 is of cylindrical shape with a polygonal section and is chosen from a material with low electromagnetic losses. Among the materials satisfying this property, there is the family of silicones whose major disadvantage is to have a coefficient of significant thermal expansion of the order of 0.0001 K -1 .

Tel que représenté à la figure 4, l'enveloppe interne 62 comporte une face intérieure 622 et une face extérieure 621. Elle est de forme cylindrique à section polygonale. Néanmoins, seule la face extérieure 621 peut être choisie de forme cylindrique à section polygonale. L'enveloppe interne 62 est réalisée de façon à ce que la face intérieure 622 de l'enveloppe interne 62 est adjacente à la face extérieure 71 de l'isolant 7. L'enveloppe interne 62 est choisie dans un matériau conducteur dans le domaine de fréquence, situé entre 1 Mhz et 10MHz, revendiqué pour le fonctionnement de cette bougie 1. Elle peut être réalisée en différents matériaux métalliques, par exemple en cuivre ou en différents matériaux recouverts sur ses faces externes de sels métalliques, par exemple un dépôt de nickel par galvanoplastie. L'épaisseur de cette enveloppe 61 est choisie constante et suffisamment fine pour assurer une conductivité en basse fréquence. Par exemple, l'enveloppe interne 62 peut être choisie en cuivre de 5 à 10 µm.As shown in figure 4 , the inner envelope 62 has an inner face 622 and an outer face 621. It is of cylindrical shape with polygonal section. Nevertheless, only the outer face 621 can be chosen to have a cylindrical shape with a polygonal section. The inner casing 62 is made so that the inner face 622 of the inner casing 62 is adjacent to the outer face 71 of the insulator 7. The inner casing 62 is selected from a conductive material in the area of frequency, located between 1 Mhz and 10MHz, claimed for the operation of this candle 1. It may be made of different metallic materials, for example copper or different materials covered on its external faces with metal salts, for example a nickel deposit by electroplating. The thickness of this envelope 61 is chosen constant and sufficiently thin to ensure conductivity at low frequency. For example, the inner casing 62 may be chosen from 5 to 10 μm copper.

Tel que représenté à la figure 4, l'enveloppe externe 61 comporte une face extérieure 611 et une face intérieure 612. Elle est de forme cylindrique à section circulaire. Mais, seule sa face intérieure 612 peut être choisie de forme cylindrique à section circulaire. Cette enveloppe 61 est choisie dans un matériau et est dimensionnée de telle façon que la circulation des courants liés au blindage électromagnétique est assurée. Cette enveloppe externe 61 est choisie dans un matériau conducteur dans le domaine de fréquence, situé entre 1 Mhz et 10MHz, revendiqué pour le fonctionnement de cette bougie 1. Elle peut être réalisée dans un matériau à forte conductivité (tel que le cuivre : 6 x 107 S/m) ou dans un matériau à faible conductivité (tel que l'acier : 1 x 107 S/m) et recouvert sur ses faces extérieures par une couche conductrice, par exemple en cuivre ou en argent. L'épaisseur de cette enveloppe 61 est au moins supérieure à l'épaisseur de peau qui correspond à la profondeur de pénétration des lignes de courant dans un conducteur dans le domaine de fréquence, situé entre 1 Mhz et 10MHz, revendiqué pour le fonctionnement de cette bougie 1. Par exemple, si l'enveloppe externe 61 est en cuivre, son épaisseur est au moins de 100 µm. L'enveloppe externe 61 est dimensionnée de telle façon que ses arêtes 613 axiales soient en contact électrique avec la face intérieure 612 de l'enveloppe externe 61. Des défauts d'aspérité de surface de la face extérieure 611 de l'enveloppe externe 61 ne sont pas gênants pour assurer le contact électrique des deux enveloppes 61, 62. En effet, le long d'une arête 613, le contact électrique peut être assuré ponctuellement en quelques points 9 de l'arête 613.As shown in figure 4 , the outer casing 61 has an outer face 611 and an inner face 612. It is cylindrical in shape with circular section. But, only its inner face 612 can be chosen to have a cylindrical shape with a circular section. This envelope 61 is selected from a material and is dimensioned in such a way that the circulation of the currents related to the electromagnetic shielding is ensured. This outer envelope 61 is chosen from a conducting material in the frequency range, located between 1 Mhz and 10 MHz, claimed for the operation of this candle 1. It may be made of a material with a high conductivity (such as copper: 6 × 10 7 S / m) or in a low conductivity material (such as steel: 1 x 10 7 S / m) and covered on its outer faces by a conductive layer, for example copper or silver. The thickness of this envelope 61 is at least greater than the skin thickness which corresponds to the depth of penetration of the current lines in a conductor in the frequency range, located between 1 MHz and 10 MHz, claimed for the operation of this candle 1. For example, if the outer casing 61 is copper, its thickness is at least of 100 μm. The outer casing 61 is dimensioned such that its axial edges 613 are in electrical contact with the inner face 612 of the outer casing 61. Surface roughness defects of the outer face 611 of the outer casing 61 do not are not annoying to ensure the electrical contact of the two envelopes 61, 62. Indeed, along an edge 613, the electrical contact can be provided punctually at a few points 9 of the edge 613.

En outre, les zones vides créées entre l'enveloppe interne 62 et l'enveloppe externe 61 permettent à l'isolant 7, ayant un fort coefficient de dilatation thermique, de se dilater en convergeant vers une forme extérieure sensiblement cylindrique remplissant partiellement ou totalement les zones vides.In addition, the empty zones created between the inner casing 62 and the outer casing 61 allow the insulator 7, having a high coefficient of thermal expansion, to expand by converging towards a substantially cylindrical outer shape that partially or completely empty areas.

Dans un tel mode de réalisation, le blindage électromagnétique est assuré.In such an embodiment, the electromagnetic shielding is provided.

En effet, tel que représenté à la figure 5, le courant 10 lié au blindage magnétique circule principalement sur la face intérieure 612 de l'enveloppe externe 61. Le courant lié au blindage électrique circule principalement sur la face extérieure 611 de l'enveloppe externe 61. Il comporte, en particulier, deux composantes : une première composante 111 qui correspond au chargement électrique de la capacité situé au bout du bobinage 5 et une seconde composante 112 qui correspond au courant nécessaire pour venir bloquer le champ électrique créé par le bobinage 5. Cette seconde composante 112 circule, dans un premier temps, radialement au niveau de l'enveloppe externe 61 et des points de contact 9 de l'interface entre l'enveloppe interne 62 et l'enveloppe externe 61. Elle circule, dans un deuxième temps, dans l'enveloppe interne 62 de façon à se répartir de façon homogène pour blinder le champ électrique créé par le bobinage 5.Indeed, as represented in figure 5 , the current 10 connected to the magnetic shielding circulates mainly on the inner face 612 of the outer casing 61. The current related to the electric shielding circulates mainly on the outer face 611 of the outer casing 61. It comprises, in particular, two components : a first component 111 which corresponds to the electrical charging of the capacitor located at the end of the coil 5 and a second component 112 which corresponds to the current required to block the electric field created by the coil 5. This second component 112 circulates, in a first time, radially at the outer envelope 61 and the contact points 9 of the interface between the inner casing 62 and the outer casing 61. It flows, in a second step, in the inner casing 62 so to distribute itself homogeneously to shield the electric field created by the winding 5.

Par ailleurs, le couple de serrage pour la réalisation de la liaison entre la partie essentiellement capacitive C et la partie essentiellement inductive 1 de la bougie 1 est transmis par l'enveloppe externe 61. L'épaisseur de l'enveloppe externe 61 sera donc dimensionnée de façon à assurer la transmission de ce couple de serrage. L'avantage principal de ce type de transmission est qu'il ramène les contraintes mécaniques sur le plus grand rayon disponible, à l'endroit où l'effet de bras de levier est optimal, minimisant ainsi les contraintes mécaniques sur les matériaux proprement dits.Moreover, the tightening torque for the realization of the connection between the essentially capacitive part C and the essentially inductive part 1 of the spark plug 1 is transmitted by the outer casing 61. The thickness of the outer casing 61 will be therefore dimensioned to ensure the transmission of this tightening torque. The main advantage of this type of transmission is that it reduces the mechanical stresses to the largest radius available, where the leverage effect is optimal, thus minimizing the mechanical stresses on the materials themselves.

Ainsi, les enveloppes 61, 62 permettent d'assurer efficacement un blindage électromagnétique tout en respectant la fonction de l'isolant 7 qui est un matériau à coefficient de dilatation élevé.Thus, the envelopes 61, 62 can effectively provide electromagnetic shielding while respecting the function of the insulator 7 which is a high coefficient of expansion material.

Cette invention n'est pas limitée au mode de réalisation décrit et illustré qui a été donné à titre d'exemple.This invention is not limited to the described and illustrated embodiment which has been given by way of example.

Claims (10)

  1. Spark plug (1), for the internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle, of generally substantially elongated shape, comprising:
    - a bottom essentially capacitive portion (C) comprising two coaxial electrodes (2, 3)
    - a top essentially inductive portion (I) comprising:
    - a central mandrel (8),
    - a coaxial winding (5) around the mandrel (8),
    - an outer tubular casing (61) performing an electromagnetic shield function,
    - an insulator (7) interposed radially between the casing (61) and the winding (5),
    characterized in that the top essentially inductive portion (I) comprises a second inner electromagnetic shield casing (62) that is interposed radially between the insulator (7) and the outer casing (61).
  2. Spark plug (1) according to Claim 1, characterized in that the internal face (622) of the inner casing (62) is adjacent to the external face (71) of the insulator (7).
  3. Spark plug (1) according to either of Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the inner casing (62) is of constant thickness.
  4. Spark plug (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the outer casing (61) has a thickness at least equal to the skin thickness that corresponds to the depth of penetration of the current lines in the outer casing (61).
  5. Spark plug (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized
    - in that the internal face (612) of the outer casing (61) is of cylindrical shape with circular section,
    - in that the external face (621) of the inner casing (62) is of cylindrical shape with polygonal section,
    - and in that the inner casing (62) is designed so that the axial ridges (623) of the inner casing (62) are in electrical contact with the internal face (622) of the outer casing (61).
  6. Spark plug (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the mandrel (8) is of generally cylindrical shape.
  7. Spark plug (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the outer casing (61) is chosen from electrically conductive materials such as copper.
  8. Spark plug (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the inner casing (62) is chosen from electrically conductive materials such as copper.
  9. Spark plug (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the material of the outer casing (61) and the dimensions of the outer casing (61) are chosen so that the outer casing (61) forms a shield at least to the electric field generated by the winding (5).
  10. Spark plug (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the material of the inner casing (62) and the dimensions of the inner casing (62) are chosen so that the inner casing (62) forms an electromagnetic shield.
EP06794465A 2005-08-25 2006-05-29 Plasma spark plug for an internal combustion engine Not-in-force EP1920510B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0552562A FR2890247B1 (en) 2005-08-25 2005-08-25 PLASMA IGNITION CANDLE FOR AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE
PCT/FR2006/050486 WO2007023234A1 (en) 2005-08-25 2006-05-29 Plasma spark plug for an internal combustion engine

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1920510A1 EP1920510A1 (en) 2008-05-14
EP1920510B1 true EP1920510B1 (en) 2008-12-31

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP06794465A Not-in-force EP1920510B1 (en) 2005-08-25 2006-05-29 Plasma spark plug for an internal combustion engine

Country Status (12)

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US (1) US7777401B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1920510B1 (en)
JP (1) JP4764926B2 (en)
KR (1) KR101236308B1 (en)
CN (1) CN101248565B (en)
AT (1) ATE419667T1 (en)
BR (1) BRPI0614871A2 (en)
DE (1) DE602006004605D1 (en)
ES (1) ES2318793T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2890247B1 (en)
RU (1) RU2392711C2 (en)
WO (1) WO2007023234A1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US7777401B2 (en) 2010-08-17
ES2318793T3 (en) 2009-05-01
FR2890247B1 (en) 2007-09-28
CN101248565B (en) 2012-06-20
CN101248565A (en) 2008-08-20
WO2007023234A1 (en) 2007-03-01
BRPI0614871A2 (en) 2012-12-04
JP4764926B2 (en) 2011-09-07
JP2009506488A (en) 2009-02-12
US20090114179A1 (en) 2009-05-07
KR101236308B1 (en) 2013-02-22
ATE419667T1 (en) 2009-01-15
RU2008111151A (en) 2009-09-27
KR20080051130A (en) 2008-06-10
EP1920510A1 (en) 2008-05-14
RU2392711C2 (en) 2010-06-20
DE602006004605D1 (en) 2009-02-12
FR2890247A1 (en) 2007-03-02

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