EP1906775A2 - Smoking device incorporating a breakable capsule, breakable capsule and process for manufacturing said capsule - Google Patents
Smoking device incorporating a breakable capsule, breakable capsule and process for manufacturing said capsuleInfo
- Publication number
- EP1906775A2 EP1906775A2 EP06808983A EP06808983A EP1906775A2 EP 1906775 A2 EP1906775 A2 EP 1906775A2 EP 06808983 A EP06808983 A EP 06808983A EP 06808983 A EP06808983 A EP 06808983A EP 1906775 A2 EP1906775 A2 EP 1906775A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- capsule
- shell
- anyone
- smoking device
- breakable
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 157
- 230000000391 smoking effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 241000208125 Nicotiana Species 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 claims description 18
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 claims description 18
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000416 hydrocolloid Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 229920002148 Gellan gum Polymers 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000010492 gellan gum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000216 gellan gum Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920000591 gum Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920001817 Agar Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000008272 agar Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000010419 agar Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
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- 229920001218 Pullulan Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
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- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
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- ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl cellulose Chemical compound CCOCC1OC(OC)C(OCC)C(OCC)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC)C(CO)O1 ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
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- UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Chemical compound OC1C(O)C(OC)OC(CO)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC2C(C(O)C(OC3C(C(O)C(O)C(CO)O3)O)C(CO)O2)O)C(CO)O1 UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002153 Hydroxypropyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001800 Shellac Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
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- 239000001863 hydroxypropyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 claims description 4
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- 235000010987 pectin Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
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- 239000004208 shellac Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- ZLGIYFNHBLSMPS-ATJNOEHPSA-N shellac Chemical compound OCCCCCC(O)C(O)CCCCCCCC(O)=O.C1C23[C@H](C(O)=O)CCC2[C@](C)(CO)[C@@H]1C(C(O)=O)=C[C@@H]3O ZLGIYFNHBLSMPS-ATJNOEHPSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000013874 shellac Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
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- 229920000057 Mannan Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
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- 239000000420 anogeissus latifolia wall. gum Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019568 aromas Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013871 bee wax Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012166 beeswax Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004204 candelilla wax Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013868 candelilla wax Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940073532 candelilla wax Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004203 carnauba wax Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013869 carnauba wax Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001525 carrageenan Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010418 carrageenan Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 carraghenan Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019314 gum ghatti Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- IUJAMGNYPWYUPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N hentriacontane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC IUJAMGNYPWYUPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001814 pectin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000825 pharmaceutical preparation Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940127557 pharmaceutical product Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940092738 beeswax Drugs 0.000 claims 2
- 229940082483 carnauba wax Drugs 0.000 claims 2
- 229960004667 ethyl cellulose Drugs 0.000 claims 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- UFTFJSFQGQCHQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N triformin Chemical compound O=COCC(OC=O)COC=O UFTFJSFQGQCHQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007903 gelatin capsule Substances 0.000 description 5
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 244000061176 Nicotiana tabacum Species 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000003626 triacylglycerols Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- KOCVACNWDMSLBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(Ethoxymethyl)-2-methoxyphenol Chemical compound CCOCC1=CC=C(O)C(OC)=C1 KOCVACNWDMSLBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Caprylic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(O)=O WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-N D-gluconic acid Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001353 Dextrin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004375 Dextrin Substances 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000002537 cosmetic Substances 0.000 description 2
- GHVNFZFCNZKVNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N decanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O GHVNFZFCNZKVNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000019425 dextrin Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013355 food flavoring agent Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000003599 food sweetener Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000001530 fumaric acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011087 fumaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000010981 methylcellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001797 sucrose acetate isobutyrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010983 sucrose acetate isobutyrate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- UVGUPMLLGBCFEJ-SWTLDUCYSA-N sucrose acetate isobutyrate Chemical compound CC(C)C(=O)O[C@H]1[C@H](OC(=O)C(C)C)[C@@H](COC(=O)C(C)C)O[C@@]1(COC(C)=O)O[C@@H]1[C@H](OC(=O)C(C)C)[C@@H](OC(=O)C(C)C)[C@H](OC(=O)C(C)C)[C@@H](COC(C)=O)O1 UVGUPMLLGBCFEJ-SWTLDUCYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003765 sweetening agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N (S)-malic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108010011485 Aspartame Proteins 0.000 description 1
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000005632 Capric acid (CAS 334-48-5) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005635 Caprylic acid (CAS 124-07-2) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 244000223760 Cinnamomum zeylanicum Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000007154 Coffea arabica Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920000858 Cyclodextrin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-gluconic acid Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)=O RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PHOQVHQSTUBQQK-SQOUGZDYSA-N D-glucono-1,5-lactone Chemical compound OC[C@H]1OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O PHOQVHQSTUBQQK-SQOUGZDYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002871 Dammar gum Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004860 Dammar gum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019739 Dicalciumphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical class S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002774 Maltodextrin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005913 Maltodextrin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000006679 Mentha X verticillata Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002899 Mentha suaveolens Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000001636 Mentha x rotundifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000168 Microcrystalline cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004384 Neotame Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019483 Peanut oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004376 Sucralose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019486 Sunflower oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000299461 Theobroma cacao Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000290333 Vanilla fragrans Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000009499 Vanilla fragrans Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000012036 Vanilla tahitensis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- YGCFIWIQZPHFLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N acesulfame Chemical compound CC1=CC(=O)NS(=O)(=O)O1 YGCFIWIQZPHFLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960005164 acesulfame Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001361 adipic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011037 adipic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001476 alcoholic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- AEMOLEFTQBMNLQ-BKBMJHBISA-N alpha-D-galacturonic acid Chemical class O[C@H]1O[C@H](C(O)=O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O AEMOLEFTQBMNLQ-BKBMJHBISA-N 0.000 description 1
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-hydroxysuccinic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007900 aqueous suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000605 aspartame Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010357 aspartame Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- IAOZJIPTCAWIRG-QWRGUYRKSA-N aspartame Chemical compound OC(=O)C[C@H](N)C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)OC)CC1=CC=CC=C1 IAOZJIPTCAWIRG-QWRGUYRKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960003438 aspartame Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- YZXZAUAIVAZWFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(5-methyl-2-propan-2-ylcyclohexyl) butanedioate Chemical compound CC(C)C1CCC(C)CC1OC(=O)CCC(=O)OC1C(C(C)C)CCC(C)C1 YZXZAUAIVAZWFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001506 calcium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000010980 cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019219 chocolate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000017803 cinnamon Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000016213 coffee Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013353 coffee beverage Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000005687 corn oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002285 corn oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- NEFBYIFKOOEVPA-UHFFFAOYSA-K dicalcium phosphate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NEFBYIFKOOEVPA-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229940038472 dicalcium phosphate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910000390 dicalcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002019 disulfides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000174 gluconic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 235000012209 glucono delta-lactone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 235000010985 glycerol esters of wood rosin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008169 grapeseed oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001630 malic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011090 malic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- VQHSOMBJVWLPSR-WUJBLJFYSA-N maltitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]([C@H](O)CO)O[C@H]1O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O VQHSOMBJVWLPSR-WUJBLJFYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000845 maltitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010449 maltitol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940035436 maltitol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940035034 maltodextrin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940057917 medium chain triglycerides Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000008108 microcrystalline cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019813 microcrystalline cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940016286 microcrystalline cellulose Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- ITVGXXMINPYUHD-CUVHLRMHSA-N neohesperidin dihydrochalcone Chemical compound C1=C(O)C(OC)=CC=C1CCC(=O)C(C(=C1)O)=C(O)C=C1O[C@H]1[C@H](O[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](C)O2)O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 ITVGXXMINPYUHD-CUVHLRMHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000010434 neohesperidine DC Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019412 neotame Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- HLIAVLHNDJUHFG-HOTGVXAUSA-N neotame Chemical compound CC(C)(C)CCN[C@@H](CC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)OC)CC1=CC=CC=C1 HLIAVLHNDJUHFG-HOTGVXAUSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- CVHZOJJKTDOEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N saccharin Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C2=C1 CVHZOJJKTDOEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- HFHDHCJBZVLPGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N schardinger α-dextrin Chemical compound O1C(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(O)C2O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC2C(O)C(O)C1OC2CO HFHDHCJBZVLPGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960002920 sorbitol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- BAQAVOSOZGMPRM-QBMZZYIRSA-N sucralose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](Cl)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H]1O[C@@]1(CCl)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CCl)O1 BAQAVOSOZGMPRM-QBMZZYIRSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
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- URAYPUMNDPQOKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N triacetin Chemical compound CC(=O)OCC(OC(C)=O)COC(C)=O URAYPUMNDPQOKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002622 triacetin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000341 volatile oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010497 wheat germ oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
- A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
- A24D3/04—Tobacco smoke filters characterised by their shape or structure
- A24D3/048—Tobacco smoke filters characterised by their shape or structure containing additives
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
- A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
- A24D3/06—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters
- A24D3/061—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters containing additives entrapped within capsules, sponge-like material or the like, for further release upon smoking
Definitions
- This invention relates to a smoking device incorporating a breakable capsule, more particularly to a filtered smoking device incorporating such a capsule in its filter element.
- capsule means a delivery system of a substance, said substance being hereinafter referred to as "the core”, which is enclosed into a shell .
- breakable capsule refers to a capsule as hereabove defined, wherein the shell can be broken by means of a pressure to release the core, more specifically the shell can be ruptured under the pressure imposed by the smoker's fingers when the smoker wants to release the core of the capsule.
- US2004/0261807 describes a cigarette comprising a tobacco rod and a filter element connected to the tobacco rod, said filter having a cavity wherein a capsule is disposed.
- Said capsule comprises an outer gelatin shell, and an inner liquid composition including flavoring agents .
- the goal of US2004/0261807 is to make it possible for the smoker to break the capsule, during the combustion of the cigarette, to allow the release of the core of the capsule.
- the gelatin capsule is a good storage capsule, but is sensitive to moisture, and may soften during the smoking time. This softening results in that the gelatin shell loses its breakability, i.e. its ability of being ruptured under the pressure imposed by the smoker's fingers when the smoker wants to release the core of the capsule.
- the gelatin capsule of the prior art has a very important deformation when placed in smoking moisture conditions, which prevents the smoker from breaking it through a pressure of his/her fingers. The ability to rupture is measured through the crush strength to be exerted to rupture the capsule and through the deformation of the capsule when pressure is applied.
- the crush strength at a dry state shall not exceed 2.5 kp : a crush strength of more than 2.5 kp appears too high to achieve the expected results. There is therefore a need to build up new capsules having a crush strength of at most 2.5kp and able to keep their breakability even when exposed to the moisture brought into the filter during the smoking.
- the Applicant has now found that the incorporation of selected hydrocolloids in the outer shell of the capsule, and/or the coating of the outer shell by a moisture barrier layer, results in capsules keeping their ability to rupture within a smoking device even after exposition to the moisture brought in said smoking device by the smoker.
- the invention relates to a smoking device comprising:
- a recipient including or able to receive burning products, preferably tobacco, a filter element which is connected to the recipient, wherein said filter comprises at least one breakable capsule, said capsule - having a crush strength Ci of 0.5 to 2.5 kp,
- the recipient may be the rod of a cigarette, wherein the burning product is tobacco.
- the initial crush strength Ci of the capsule is measured before smoking, by continuously applying a load vertically onto one particle until rupture using a LLOYD -
- Model DFIS 50 having a capacity of 25Kg, a resolution of 0.02 Kg, and an accuracy of
- the force gauge is attached to a stand; the capsule is positioned in the middle of a plate that is moved up with a manual thread screw device. Pressure is then applied manually and the gauge records the maximum force applied at the very moment of the rupture of the capsule,
- the smoking test A is performed on the smoking
- Puff volume 35 ml (as defined in internationally standard method for smoking machine)
- Puff period SO seconds
- Puff duration 2 seconds
- Puff sweep time 1.8 second
- Exhaust sweep time 1 second
- the test is finished when the cigarette is completely smoked or after 7 or 8 puffs .
- the final crush strength Cf is measure after having completing the smoking test A, following the same measurement procedure as used for the measure of Ci .
- the deformation of the capsule is also measured after smoking test A, just before the rupture of the capsule.
- the deformation corresponds to the ratio between the capsule diameter and the width of the capsule when pressed to the limit of rupture.
- the smoking device includes a capsule having a crush strength Ci of 0.6 to 2 kp, preferably of 0.8 to 1.2 kp and keeping a crush strength Cf in the range of 0.6 to 2 kp, preferably in the range of 0.8 to 1.2 kp when submitted to the smoking test A.
- the deformation of the breakable capsule within the smoking device at the limit of rupture, before and after its submission to the smoking test A is less than 2 mm, preferably less than 1 mm.
- the capsule is such that it claps or makes an audible "pop", when ruptured.
- the shell thickness of the capsule is 10-500 microns, preferably 30-150 microns, more preferably 50-80 microns; the outer diameter of the capsule is in the range of 2 to 8 mm, preferably 3 to 5 mm, more preferably 3.4 to 4.8, and even more preferably 3.5 to 4.5 mm,- the ratio diameter of the capsule / thickness of the shell is in the range of 10 to 100, preferably 50 to 70.
- the shell comprises at least one hydrocolloid selected from gellan gum, agar, alginates, carrageenans , pectins, arabic gum, ghatti gum, pullulan gum, mannan gum or modified starch, alone or as a mixture thereof or in combination with gelatin.
- the amount of said hydrocolloid (s) present in the shell is 1.5 to 95% w/w, preferably 4% to 75% w/w, and even more preferably 20 % to 50 % w/w of the total dry weight of the shell.
- the selected hydrocolloid is gellan.
- the weight ratio between gellan gum and the other gelling agent (s) is from 80/20 to 20/80, preferably 75/25 to 25/75, and even more preferably from 60/40 to 50/50.
- the shell contains less than 80 % gelatin, preferably less than 75 % gelatin, and even more preferably less than 70% gelatin by weight of the total dry weight of the shell.
- the capsule includes a moisture barrier coating.
- the shell of the capsule is coated with at least one moisture barrier layer comprising at least one moisture barrier agent dispersed in an organic solvent or in an aqueous solution or suspension.
- the shell can be made of any hydrocolloid, including gelatin which can even constitutes in that case the only gelling agent of the shell.
- the shell comprises also an amount of gellan, or agar, or carragheenan or alginates, or arabic gum, or pectins, or pullulan gum or naannan gum sufficient to bring a certain resistance to moisture; in this case the shell may include 1.5 to 95 % preferably 4% to 75% w/w, and even more preferably 20 % to 50 % w/w of the total dry weight of the shellof at least one hydrocolloid selected from the group consisting of gellan agar carragheenan and pullulan gum.
- the shell of the coated capsule includes gellan, or arabic gum, or pectines, or agar, or alginates, or carragheenan or ghatti gum, or pullulan gum or mannan gum or a mixture thereof, but does not include gelatin.
- the weight of the shell is of between 8-50 %, preferably 8-20%, more preferably 8-15 % by weight/total weight of the capsule.
- the at least one moisture barrier agent is at least one hydrophobic agent selected from those suitable for confectionery or pharmaceutical products, preferably selected from the group consisting of waxes, especially carnauba wax, candelilla wax or beeswax, carbowax, shellac (in alcoholic or aqueous solution) , ethyl cellulose , hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose, latex composition, polyvinyl alcohol, or a combination thereof.
- the at least one moisture barrier agent is ethyl cellulose or a mixture of ethyl cellulose and shellac.
- the hydrophobic moisture barrier agent may be a combination of hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, plasticizer, microcrystalline cellulose and color or any other commercialized combination known under the name of Seppifilm from SEPPIC, or Opadry from COLORCON.
- the hydrophobic moisture barrier agent is a filmogen gelling agent, preferably gellan gum itself.
- the shell may further comprise at least one plasticizer, which may be glycerol, sorbitol, maltitol, triacetine or polyethylene glycol, or another polyalcohol with plasticizing properties, and optionally one acid of the monoacid, diacid or triacid type, especially citric acid, fumaric acid, malic acid, and the like.
- the amount of plasticizer ranges from 1% to 30% by weight, preferably from 2% to 15% by weight, and even more preferably from 3 to 10% by weight of the total dry weight of the shell.
- the shell can advantageously comprise a coloring agentwhich renders easier the location of the capsule within the filter during the manufacturing process of filters.
- the coloring agent is preferably chosen among colorants and pigments .
- Fillers can also be included in the composition of the shell; by filler is meant any suitable material that can increase the percentage of dry material in the external liquid phase and thus after co-extrusion in the obtained shell. Increasing the dry material amount in a shell results in solidifying the shell, and in making it physically more resistant.
- the filler is selected from the group comprising starch derivatives such as dextrin, maltodextrin, cyclodextrin (alpha, beta or gamma) , or cellulose derivatives such as hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) , hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) , methylcellulose (MC) , carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), polyvinyl alcohol, polyols or mixture thereof.
- Dextrin is a preferred filler.
- the amount of filler in the shell is at most 98.5%, preferably from 25 to 95% more preferably from 40 to 80% and even more preferably from 50 to 60 % by weight on the total dry weight of the shell.
- the core of the capsule included within the smoking device of the invention may include a mixture of materials or products which are lipophilic or partially soluble in ethanol , or of molecules formulated as oil/water/oil emulsions .
- the core of a breakable capsule according to the invention represents by weight 50 to 92% of said capsule, preferably 80 to 92%, more preferably 85 to 92%.
- the core of the capsule may include one or more lipophilic solvents conventionally used in the food, pharmaceutical or cosmetic industries.
- these lipophilic solvents may be triglycerides, especially medium chain triglycerides, and in particular triglycerides of caprylic and capric acid, or mixtures of triglycerides such as vegetable oil, olive oil, sunflower oil, corn oil, groundnut oil, grape seed oil, wheat germ oil, mineral oils and silicone oils.
- the amount of lipophilic solvent in the core of a capsule according to the invention is of the order of 0.01 to 90%, preferentially 25 to 75% by weight of the total weight of the capsule.
- the core may also comprise one or more aromatic or fragrance molecules as conventionally used in the formulation of flavoring or fragrance compositions, preferably aromatic, terpenic and/or sesquiterpenic hydrocarbons, and more particularly essential oils, alcohols, aldehydes, phenols, carboxylic acids in their various forms, aromatic acetals and ethers, nitrogenous heterocycles, ketones, sulfides, disulfides and mercaptans which may be aromatic or non aromatic.
- the core may also comprise one or more molecules or extracts for cosmetic use.
- the core may also comprise one or more fillers as used in aromatic emulsions. Mention will be made of dammar gum, wood resins of the ester gum type, sucrose acetate isobutyrate (SAIB) or brominated vegetable oils. The function of these weighting agents is to adjust the density of the fluid core.
- the core or the shell may also comprise one or more sweeteners, which may be provided in the form of a solution or suspension in ethanol .
- suitable sweeteners may be, but is not limited to, aspartame, saccharine, NHDC, sucralose, acesulfame, neotame, etc.
- the core may also comprise one or more "sensate" aromatic agents, which provide either a freshening effect or a hot effect in the mouth.
- Suitable freshening agents may be, but are not limited to, menthyl succinate and derivatives thereof, in particular Physcool ® marketed by the Applicant.
- a suitable hot effect agent may be, but is not limited to, vanillyl ethyl ether.
- the flavoring agents that can be solubilized in the solvent of the core of the capsule include, but are not limited to, natural or synthetic aromas and/or fragrances. Examples of suitable fragrances are fruity, confectionery, floral, sweet, woody fragrances. Examples of suitable aromas are vanilla, coffee, chocolate, cinnamon, mint.
- the total weight of the capsule is in the range of between 5-60 mg, preferably 10-50 mg, more preferably 20-40 mg.
- the invention also relates to a breakable capsule suitable for being incorporated in the filter of a smoking device, which is substantially moisture stable.
- substantially moisture stable means that the outer shell or outer coating of the capsule has the ability to retard degradation of the capsule due to the water brought into the smoking device by a smoker.
- the breakable capsule according to the invention comprises a core as described hereinbefore, and a shell, said capsule presents a crush strength from 0.5 to 2.5 kp, and keeps a crush strength from 0.5 to 2.5 kp and a deformation of less than two third of its diameter after having been submitted to the smoking test A.
- the hereabove described technical features of the breakable capsule within the smoking device are those of the breakable capsule of the invention as such.
- the capsule of the invention is a seamless capsule, obtained trough a co- extrusion process.
- the co-extrusion process is a synchronous extrusion of two liquids: the external and hydrophilic liquid phase, and the internal and lipophilic liquid phase.
- the co- extrusion process comprises three main stages: compound drop formation, shell solidification and capsule collection.
- the compound drop is a sphere of the liquid fill phase inside the shell phase.
- the liquid fill phase is hereinafter referred to as "the core” .
- the shell phase is hereinafter referred to as "the shell” .
- the capsules of the invention may be produced by any suitable co-extrusion process.
- the capsules are produced by an apparatus and a process as described in EP 513603, the disclosure of which is herein incorporated by reference.
- the solidification step is performed by keeping cold the capsules in order to ensure correct gelling of the shell for example by contacting them with a cold bath.
- the cold bath is preferably cold oil.
- cold in the meaning of this invention is meant a temperature of between 1 and 15 0 C, preferably 2 and 10 0 C, more preferably of between 4 and 6 0 C.
- the capsules may then be centrifuged in order to remove the surplus oil, optionally washed with organic solvent (such as acetone, ethyl acetate, ethanol, petroleum ether, etc.) also to remove the surplus oil, and dried.
- organic solvent such as acetone, ethyl acetate, ethanol, petroleum ether, etc.
- the capsules are co-extruded, centrifuged and optionally immersed into a solution or an emulsion containing a curing agent .
- the curing agent may also be ethanol or any other anhydrous organic solvent, such as ethyl acetate or isopropanol, maintained at a temperature of between 0 and 25 0 C, more particularly between 10 and 20 0 C.
- the curing agent can alternatively or also be a bath of calcium ions, for example of calcium chloride, dicalcium phosphate or calcium sulfate or a bath of acid containing calcium ions of pH less than 5, preferably of 3 to 4.
- acids may be adipic acid, fumaric acid, gluconic acid or glucono-delta-lactone.
- the calcium ion or acid bath is preferably at a temperature of 0 to 25 0 C, preferably 10 to 20 0 C.
- the effect of the immersion step is to wash out the oil remaining at the periphery of the capsule, and to gradually strengthen the shell, notably through dehydration and osmotic equilibrium.
- the capsules are dried in a current or air at controlled temperature and humidity.
- the relative humidity of the drying air is 20% to 60%, preferably 30 to 50%; the temperature of the drying air is of 15 to 60 0 C, preferably 35 to 45°C.
- the capsules can be obtained using the following method: co- extrusion of the external and hydrophilic liquid phase on the one hand, and of the internal and lipophilic liquid phase and components of the core on the other hand, optionally centrifugation, optionally immersion of the capsules so obtained in a bath of calcium ions or acid, optionally followed by drying.
- the process according to the invention further comprises a coating step during which the moisture barrier outer layer is applied on the capsules.
- said coating step is performed by dipping the capsules in a coating solution, or by spraying a coating solution onto the capsules.
- Said coating step is preferably performed after the drying step.
- the capsules manufactured by means of the process of the invention are essentially or perfectly spherical and very homogeneous in size.
- Figure 1 is a diagram comparing the crushstrength of a capsule having for sole hydrocolloid gelatin (herein referred to as "the gelatin capsule” , and a capsule of the invention.
- FIG 2 is a diagram comparing the crushstrength of a capsule having for sole hydrocolloid gelatin (herein referred to as "the gelatin capsule", and a capsule of the invention after smoking.
- composition of capsules according to the present invention referenced as 1004/H11 (having less than 80 % gelatin and including gellan gum) is given in Table 1 below, and the composition of prior art capsules containing 80% gelatin, referenced 1004/C30, is given in Table 2 below.
- Weight of each capsule 20.56 mg, in which : weight of the shell: 3.68 mg (17,89%) weight of the core: 16.88 mg (82.11%)
- Capsules 1004/C30 and capsules 1004/H11 present a diameter of respectively 3489 +/- 40 and 3394 +/- 35 ⁇ m.
- the capsule is positioned in the middle of a plate that is moved up with a manual thread screw device. Pressure is then applied manually and once the capsule wall fails, the gauge records the maximum force applied prior to rupture (measure in Kg or in Ib) . Sample of 10 to 20 capsules is measured.
- Capsules are prepared according to example 1. Core content is about 89 % and shell content is about 11 %, corresponding to a thickness of dried shell of about 50 microns. Capsules are then dried to obtain 3.5 mm spherical capsules with a crush-strength of 1 kp. Average weight of capsule is about 20 mg.
- a prior art capsule containing gelatin (ref
- Crush strength value Ci is measured for both capsules according to the herein described method.
- the obtained cigarettes are then smoked on a smoking machine (smoking test A) according to international standard procedure. Filters containing the capsules are collected and capsules are extracted from the filter to measure crush strength value Cf after smoking process .
- capsules In the case of gelatin capsules, capsules have melted into the filter during the smoking process and crush strength value is not measurable. Capsules are deformed and cannot burst when press on them. GelIan-including capsule, on the contrary, still burst when pressure on the filter.
- Weight of each capsule 20.57 tng, in which weight of the shell: 2.37 mg (11,51%) weight of the core: 18.20 mg (88.49%)
- Smoking Machine HEINR BORGWALDT RM 4/cs The cigarettes containing breakable capsules are positioned on the smoking machine as standard position used for other type of analysis.
- the adjustable parameters are set up as follows :
- Puff volume 35ml (as defined in internationally standard method for smoking machine)
- Capsules are prepared according to example 1, using the following composition:
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Cigarettes, Filters, And Manufacturing Of Filters (AREA)
- Manufacturing Of Micro-Capsules (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Tobacco Products (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
SI200630467T SI1906775T1 (en) | 2005-06-21 | 2006-06-21 | Smoking device incorporating a breakable capsule, breakable capsule and process for manufacturing said capsule |
EP06808983A EP1906775B1 (en) | 2005-06-21 | 2006-06-21 | Smoking device incorporating a breakable capsule, breakable capsule and process for manufacturing said capsule |
PL06808983T PL1906775T3 (en) | 2005-06-21 | 2006-06-21 | Smoking device incorporating a breakable capsule, breakable capsule and process for manufacturing said capsule |
CY20091101199T CY1109633T1 (en) | 2005-06-21 | 2009-11-16 | SMOKING DEVICE INCORPORATING FRAGRANCES, FRAGRANCES AND CONSTRUCTION PROCEDURE OF THIS LOGIC |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2005/008503 WO2006136197A1 (en) | 2005-06-21 | 2005-06-21 | Smoking device incorporating a breakable capsule, breakable capsule and process for manufacturing said capsule |
PCT/EP2005/009227 WO2006136199A1 (en) | 2005-06-21 | 2005-08-05 | Smoking device incorporating a breakable capsule, breakable capsule and process for manufacturing said capsule |
PCT/IB2006/002818 WO2007010407A2 (en) | 2005-06-21 | 2006-06-21 | Smoking device incorporating a breakable capsule, breakable capsule and process for manufacturing said capsule |
EP06808983A EP1906775B1 (en) | 2005-06-21 | 2006-06-21 | Smoking device incorporating a breakable capsule, breakable capsule and process for manufacturing said capsule |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1906775A2 true EP1906775A2 (en) | 2008-04-09 |
EP1906775B1 EP1906775B1 (en) | 2009-08-19 |
Family
ID=37649421
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP06808983A Active EP1906775B1 (en) | 2005-06-21 | 2006-06-21 | Smoking device incorporating a breakable capsule, breakable capsule and process for manufacturing said capsule |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1906775B1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2006271321B2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2612665C (en) |
PL (1) | PL1906775T3 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2007010407A2 (en) |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU2006271321B2 (en) | 2012-04-26 |
PL1906775T3 (en) | 2010-01-29 |
CA2612665C (en) | 2013-01-15 |
EP1906775B1 (en) | 2009-08-19 |
CA2612665A1 (en) | 2007-01-25 |
AU2006271321A1 (en) | 2007-01-25 |
WO2007010407A3 (en) | 2007-08-30 |
WO2007010407A2 (en) | 2007-01-25 |
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