EP1905276A1 - Method and device for producing an electroluminescent luminous elment - Google Patents
Method and device for producing an electroluminescent luminous elmentInfo
- Publication number
- EP1905276A1 EP1905276A1 EP06762403A EP06762403A EP1905276A1 EP 1905276 A1 EP1905276 A1 EP 1905276A1 EP 06762403 A EP06762403 A EP 06762403A EP 06762403 A EP06762403 A EP 06762403A EP 1905276 A1 EP1905276 A1 EP 1905276A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- electrode layer
- layer
- transparent electrode
- roller
- carrier
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B33/00—Electroluminescent light sources
- H05B33/10—Apparatus or processes specially adapted to the manufacture of electroluminescent light sources
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method and a device for producing an electroluminescent luminous element according to the preambles of the independent claims.
- Light-emitting elements based on electroluminescence are known.
- LEDs light-emitting diodes
- large-area lighting elements on rigid and flexible supports are also known.
- film elements produced on the basis of thick-film technology have proved successful, which are excited by alternating voltage fields.
- luminescent pigments are embedded in a transparent, organic or ceramic binder.
- the luminescent pigments usually consist of binary compounds.
- the electric field is supplied via structured electrodes, of which the front electrode, from which the electroluminescent radiation emerges, consists of a transparent, electrically conductive material layer, for example a very thin metal layer or a transparent semiconductor such as indium oxide or indium tin oxide (ITO).
- the back electrode consists of a conductive metal layer.
- the light elements are non-linear devices whose parameters are a function of applied voltage and frequency and also depend on environmental conditions such as humidity and temperature.
- the transparent electrode is a plastic coated with indium oxide or indium tin oxide (eg polyester).
- the luminescent pigment can consist, for example, of zinc sulfide doped by various metals, such as Au, Ag, Cu, Ga or Mn.
- the color of the emitted light and the conductivity of the luminescent pigment layer are determined by the strength and composition of the doping. By varying the doping, shades from blue to yellow, corresponding to a wavelength of about 480 nm to 580 nm, and mixed colors resulting from mixing the dopants, for example the mixed color white, can be achieved.
- An insulating layer applied to this luminescent pigment layer for example of barium titanate, simultaneously acts as a reflector.
- the back electrode such as aluminum, carbon or silver paint
- zinc sulfide is highly hygroscopic, an encapsulation is provided, which consists of intensely water-repellent material.
- the zinc sulfide molecules are microencapsulated so that the hygroscopic properties are less pronounced. Due to the larger molecular distance, the luminance is slightly lower and not quite as homogeneous.
- Such film-like lighting elements are cuttable, extremely thin, highly flexible and inexpensive.
- One Lamination is no longer absolutely necessary, but additionally increases the moisture protection.
- the large area of the light-emitting elements Due to the desired large area of the light-emitting elements, structuring, in particular of the transparent front electrode, is difficult. At the same time, however, the large area is advantageous for mass production.
- the object of the invention is to specify an improved method and an improved apparatus for producing such areal electroluminescent luminous elements.
- a roller electrode impregnated with an acid is in physical contact, in particular in rotating body contact, with the transparent one Electrode brought.
- a local etching of the transparent electrode layer can take place.
- a prior structuring, for example, by a mask technique when applying the transparent electrode layer can be omitted or a complex masking and etching of the coated carrier in an etching bath, in which large-area carrier are unfavorable to handle and the etching process is difficult to control.
- the transparent electrode layer has to be removed from the support at some areas in order, for example, to prevent an electric field between the front electrode and the back electrode from occurring outside the luminous pigment layer.
- the roller electrode can be equal to or longer than the carrier is wide and guided along its longitudinal extent. Alternatively, however, the roller electrode may be shorter than the width of the carrier. Also conceivable is a roller electrode with a structured surface, with which a strip-shaped pattern can be etched into the electrode layer in one method step.
- the electrode layer can be applied over the entire surface of the carrier and then provided with a suitable structuring.
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- the transparent electrode may be formed of a very thin metal layer, which is only a few tenths of a nanometer thick, or of a transparent semiconductor. Indium oxide or indium tin oxide, which also has a sufficient transparency even with layer thicknesses of several hundred nanometers, is preferably used as the transparent semiconductor. To improve the conductivity of the electrode layer, the half-liter can also be doped.
- the electrode layer is produced by sputtering.
- Sputtering has the advantage that the thermal load of the carrier is lower than in vapor deposition and because of the higher kinetic energy of the atomized layer components improved layer adhesion can be achieved. Furthermore, it can be atomized in a reactive atmosphere in order to Sputtering process to bring about the oxide formation, so that, for example, when deposited on the support forms the indium tin oxide.
- the carrier When the roller electrode is moved relative to the transparent electrode layer while an electric voltage is applied between the transparent electrode layer and the roller electrode, the carrier can be freed from the transparent electrode layer in a planar pattern.
- the roller electrode can grind or roll over the carrier.
- the roller electrode is rolled on etching on the carrier.
- a more homogeneous utilization of the entrained by the roller electrode acid or acid layer can take place.
- the etched-off material is distributed over the surface of the roller electrode and can be dispensed, for example, via an acid bath and / or cleaning bath. Larger areas can be treated before the acid is exhausted due to excessive concentration of the material being etched off.
- an electrical voltage between 10 and 50 volts, preferably between 12 volts and 40 volts, can be applied.
- the voltage is expediently set by the person skilled in the art depending on the type of acid, the type of material to be etched, the concentration, the temperature and optionally other process parameters.
- the roller electrode can be soaked in acid between etching steps. This is particularly useful for larger areas and / or in the series process. If the roller electrode is structured on its surface, the carrier can be freed from the transparent electrode layer simultaneously on contact with the roller electrode at selectively spaced-apart regions and, for example, a strip-shaped pattern can be produced in a single method step. The process time for handling large areas is shortened. It is also conceivable to arrange several webs of carrier material next to one another and to treat them with a single roller electrode.
- the carrier with the structured transparent electrode layer can expediently be cleaned with water after the etching.
- the roller electrode can be soaked in citric acid. This can be disposed of easily.
- the device according to the invention for carrying out a method for producing an electroluminescent luminous element provides an acid-impregnable roller electrode with which the transparent electrode layer can be removed in regions by electrochemical means. It is also possible to provide a plurality of roller electrodes in order to treat a plurality of parallel strip-shaped carriers, in particular a film, in a continuous process.
- the roller electrode can be arranged to be rotatable.
- Means may be provided to effect relative movement between the roller electrode and the carrier.
- the roller electrode may have a homogeneous surface.
- the roller electrode may have a structured surface with gap-separated area areas. The areal areas etch the transparent electrode layer upon contact with the coated carrier, while the electrode layer is retained in the gap areas.
- an acid reservoir may be provided, into which the roll electrode is immersed for impregnation.
- a plurality of roller electrodes may be provided to treat a plurality of carriers in parallel.
- a plurality of roller electrodes may be provided to treat a carrier in parallel. This can shorten a process time for large quantities and / or large areas.
- Figure 1 shows schematically an electroluminescent lighting element in section. 2a-f different process steps in the production of a
- Lighting element; and 3a, b schematically a device with a roller electrode (a) and a detail with applied roller electrode during the etching (b).
- an electroluminescent luminous element 10 has a transparent carrier 11 made of PET film, on which a transparent electrode layer 12, in particular of indium tin oxide, is applied.
- a luminescent pigment layer 13 is arranged on the transparent electrode layer 12.
- the luminescent pigment layer 13 preferably consists of so-called microencapsulated luminescent pigments of zinc sulfide, which is embedded in a binder mass as indicated by unspecified round symbols in the luminescent pigment layer 13 (not true to scale).
- the hygroscopic luminescent pigments are advantageously protected against moisture. It can be represented by the commonly known colors, such as red, green, blue, etc.
- the color can be displayed in white by a blue-green electroluminescent microencapsulated luminescent pigment is embedded in a red-colored binder mass.
- a mixture of green, blue and orange electroluminescent luminescent pigments can be embedded in a transparent binder mass. Overall, a white color results, which is emitted through the transparent electrode layer 12 and the transparent carrier 11.
- the luminescent pigment layer 13 is embedded in an insulating layer 14, on which a metallic back electrode forming the back electrode Electrode layer 15 is applied. In a region 20 in which the metallic electrode layer 15 does not cover, the transparent electrode layer 12 is removed, so that no disruptive capacitive arrangement can be formed outside the electroluminescent region.
- a conductor structure 16 is arranged, which electrically contacts the transparent electrode layer 12 and serves as a busbar structure.
- the electrode layer 15 is covered with a protective layer 17 and accessible only on a contact surface 18 in a recess of the protective layer 17 from the outside.
- the conductor structure 16 has a similar contact surface 19 (FIG. 2f). If an electrical voltage is applied between the conductor structure 16 and the back electrode 15, a relatively sharp-band electroluminescence radiation is emitted from the front electrode by the known electroluminescence mechanisms, which is indicated by a broad arrow.
- FIGS. 2a to 2f illustrate individual coating steps in the production of such a luminous element 10.
- a transparent support 11 preferably formed of PET film
- a transparent electrode layer 12 formed from indium tin oxide (FIG. 2a). This is preferably done with a sputtering process.
- the electrode layer 12 is etched away electrochemically by applying an electrical voltage between the electrode layer 12 and an acid-impregnated roller electrode 21 (FIG. 3) and the roller electrode 21 via the electrode layer 12 or the support to be led.
- a luminescent pigment layer 13 is applied ( Figure 2b).
- the luminescent pigment layer 13 preferably contains microencapsulated luminescent pigments which are embedded in a binder mass.
- An insulating layer 14 is deposited on this luminescent pigment layer 13 (FIG. 2 c).
- the insulating layer 14 is made of barium titanate.
- a metallic electrode layer 15 is then deposited ( Figure 2d) and in addition to this an electrically conductive, in particular metallic, line structure 16 deposited ( Figure 2e). Subsequently, the entire structure is covered with a protective layer 17, leaving only a contact surface 18 for contacting the metallic electrode layer 15 and a contact surface 19 for contacting the transparent electrode layer 12 recessed ( Figure 2e).
- the protective layer 17 may consist of a suitable protective lacquer and / or a one-sided or two-sided self-adhesive protective film of PP (polypropylene) or PET.
- the transparent electrode layer 12 forms with its transparent carrier 11 a front electrode of the luminous element 10, while the metallic electrode layer 15 forms its rear electrode.
- the layers 12 to 17 are preferably applied by screen printing, while the transparent electrode layer 12 is preferably applied by sputtering.
- FIGS. 3a and 3b A device for the electrochemical structuring of a transparent electrode layer 12 on a carrier 11 before the application of a luminescent pigment layer 13 in the manner of a tampon process is shown in FIGS. 3a and 3b.
- the carrier 11 is mounted on a tray 25 and is brought into desired contact with a soaked with an acidic roller electrode 21 in body contact.
- a typical size of the carrier 11 is about 610 mm x 1000 mm. It is conceivable but also a roll material.
- the roller electrode 21 is arranged to be movable relative to the transparent electrode layer 12, so that preferably the bug electrode 21 is moved over the carrier 11. This is indicated by a double arrow.
- a power supply 29 supplies an electric voltage which is applied between the transparent electrode layer 12 and the roller electrode 21.
- the process can be carried out potentiostatically, with constant voltage, or galvanostatically, with constant current.
- the roller electrode 21 forms the cathode 27, while the transparent electrode layer 12 forms the anode.
- the transparent electrode layer 12 forms the anode.
- it is etched away electrochemically. It is favorable to unroll the roller electrode 21 during etching on the carrier 11, as indicated by an arrow in the end face of the roller electrode 21.
- the roller electrode 21 can be soaked with acid between etching steps by immersing it in an acid reservoir 26.
- Citric acid is preferably used for impregnating the roller electrode 21.
- the process preferably takes place at room temperature.
- a concentration of citric acid as it is commercially available for the budget, proves to be favorable.
- As a favorable voltage range for etching a range of 10 to 50 volts DC, in particular 12 to 40 volts, has been found.
- the etching rate depends on various parameters, such as the contact pressure of the roller electrode 21, the conductivity of the transparent electrode layer 12, the concentration of the acid, the temperature and the like. The lower the resistance of the electrode layer 12, the higher the observed etching rate.
- the roller electrode 21 can move at a speed over the Carrier 11 are moved, which is adapted to the other process parameters.
- FIG. 3b illustrates the etching process in detail.
- the roller electrode 21 has a drenchable roller body 23 with a shaft 22.
- the roller body 23 consists for example of an acid-resistant fabric or nonwoven, as it is known in conventional, so-called tampon coating process, with which coatings can be deposited electrochemically on substrates.
- the acid in the roller body 23 etches off the transparent electrode layer 12 and leaves an exposed region 20 of the carrier 11.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102005033714A DE102005033714A1 (en) | 2005-07-12 | 2005-07-12 | Method and device for producing an electroluminescent luminous element |
PCT/EP2006/006530 WO2007006460A1 (en) | 2005-07-12 | 2006-07-05 | Method and device for producing an electroluminescent luminous elment |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1905276A1 true EP1905276A1 (en) | 2008-04-02 |
Family
ID=37038372
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP06762403A Withdrawn EP1905276A1 (en) | 2005-07-12 | 2006-07-05 | Method and device for producing an electroluminescent luminous elment |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20080227361A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1905276A1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN101223825A (en) |
DE (1) | DE102005033714A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2007006460A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP5927610B2 (en) * | 2012-06-01 | 2016-06-01 | 高周波熱錬株式会社 | Energizing device, energizing method, and energizing heating device |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP3437863B2 (en) * | 1993-01-18 | 2003-08-18 | 株式会社半導体エネルギー研究所 | Method for manufacturing MIS type semiconductor device |
JP3258780B2 (en) * | 1993-09-09 | 2002-02-18 | 株式会社デンソー | Electroluminescence device and method of manufacturing the same |
WO1997026673A1 (en) * | 1996-01-16 | 1997-07-24 | Durel Corporation | Roll coated el panel |
US20030096197A1 (en) * | 1999-06-25 | 2003-05-22 | Lee Joo Hyeon | Method for manufacturing organic electroluminescence device |
TW556357B (en) * | 1999-06-28 | 2003-10-01 | Semiconductor Energy Lab | Method of manufacturing an electro-optical device |
SE0103047D0 (en) * | 2001-09-14 | 2001-09-14 | Acreo Ab | Process relating to two polymers |
JP3867659B2 (en) * | 2002-11-26 | 2007-01-10 | ソニー株式会社 | Method for manufacturing organic electroluminescent device |
KR100612076B1 (en) * | 2003-09-08 | 2006-08-11 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | Highly efficient organic light emitting device using substrate having nanosized hemispherical recesses and method for preparing the same |
JP2006286309A (en) * | 2005-03-31 | 2006-10-19 | Toppan Printing Co Ltd | Organic electroluminescent display device and its manufacturing method |
-
2005
- 2005-07-12 DE DE102005033714A patent/DE102005033714A1/en not_active Ceased
-
2006
- 2006-07-05 EP EP06762403A patent/EP1905276A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2006-07-05 US US11/995,458 patent/US20080227361A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2006-07-05 CN CNA2006800254232A patent/CN101223825A/en active Pending
- 2006-07-05 WO PCT/EP2006/006530 patent/WO2007006460A1/en active Application Filing
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO2007006460A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE102005033714A1 (en) | 2007-01-18 |
WO2007006460A1 (en) | 2007-01-18 |
US20080227361A1 (en) | 2008-09-18 |
CN101223825A (en) | 2008-07-16 |
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