EP1903589B1 - Safety circuit breaker with light arc chamber - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a fuse switch disconnector with at least one fixedly arranged on the switch fixed contact part, with a arranged on a handle pivotally mounted on the fuse switch disconnect contact blade is contacted and at least one hollow arc chamber whose interior is divided into three subspaces, wherein the arc chamber in Switch opening direction is arranged above each one fixed contact part of a switching phase of the fuse switch-disconnector, so that when the switch opening the contact blade enters the arc chamber.

When opening a fuse switch disconnector this must also be able to switch off the multiple of the current flowing through it in the closed state. When lifting the contacts, an arc is created between the contacts. This arc dissolves material in a known manner from the housing surrounding the contacts and from the contacts themselves, which form an ionized gas surrounding the arc. With a high concentration of ionized gases and metal vapors, a phase shift between adjacent contacts is possible without special precautions. With exposed terminal openings of the contacts, it may be that metal vapors or ionized gases, for example between the terminals and a grounded mounting plate produce a short circuit. Furthermore, the metal vapors or ionized gases may be harmful to a person operating the switch in an appropriate concentration.

A generic fuse switch-disconnector is known from German Utility Model G 92 08 693.4. This fuse switch disconnector consists of a base with the receptacle contacts for the blades of low-voltage high-performance fuses. The low-voltage high-performance fuses are held in a fuse holder via retaining lugs. The fuse holder is connected to the lower part via a swivel joint. The receptacle contacts are covered by a cover. Slots for inserting the knives are inserted in the cover. At the side facing away from the hinge for the fuse holder side, the cover is equipped with an outwardly closed, slot-shaped arc guide having an outlet opening.

When the fuse switch disconnector is opened, the fuse holder is disconnected from the base by pulling the contact blades out of the receptacle contacts while moving the fuse holder. The resulting arc enters the slot-shaped arc guide. One part emerges from the outlet opening, another part is deflected into Lichtbogenumlenkkammern.

The EP 1 302 957 A also shows a NH fuse switch-disconnector with a switch cover, which is designed to open and close the switch-disconnector and to which the NH fuses are attached. In the switch-disconnector contact tulips are fixed, each receiving a contact blade of the NH fuses. Each contact tulip is provided with a contact protection, which has an opening for performing the contact blade. When the switch is turned off under load, the contact blades are pulled out of the contact tulips, with an arc between the contact blade and the contact tulip, which generates pressurized ionized gases. The contact tulips are surrounded on both sides by extinguishing plates which are connected to one another via a web. In the web two longitudinal slots for the discharge of ionized gases are formed, which lie on both sides of a centrally arranged longitudinal ridge.

The invention has for its object to provide a fuse switch disconnectors available that ensures a high switching capacity while reducing a risk of short circuit in a simple structural design.

This object is achieved with the features mentioned in claim 1. Advantageous embodiments are specified in the subclaims.

The solution provides that the interiors of the arc chambers are each subdivided into three subspaces, wherein the two outer lateral subspaces are open or closed in the direction Festkontaktteil that each of the three subspaces has a slot in the retracting contact blade opposite outer wall of the arc chamber and the slots run parallel to the orientation of the respective fixed contact part. Thus, a fuse switch-disconnector with at least one fixed contact part fixed to the switch is provided, with which a contact blade arranged pivotably on a handle part on the fuse switch-disconnector can be contacted. The fuse switch-disconnector has at least one hollow arc chamber whose interior is subdivided into three subspaces, wherein the arc chamber is arranged in the switch opening direction above one fixed contact part of a switching phase of the fuse switch disconnector, so that when the switch opening the contact blade enters the arc chamber. Each of the three subspaces has at least one slot in one of its outer walls.

In a fuse switch-disconnector with three phases to be switched thus three chambers are provided, each having three slots for venting. A fuse switch-disconnector with three phases to be switched thus has a total of nine ventilation slots. By dividing the arc chamber into three subspaces of the Arc itself and the gases generated by it are redirected to the sibling Lichtbogenumlenkkammern. In a conventional construction of the fuse switch disconnector comprising a handle part and a lower part, the arc chamber is arranged on the lower part, that is to say the contact blade on the grip part passes through the arc chamber. For this purpose, the arc chamber can have a slot on the side opposite the ventilation slots or on its upper side, through which a respective contact blade arranged on the handle part can be passed.

The arrangement of the three slots in the walls of the three subspaces each of an arc chamber, the gases are controlled discharged into the environment. This ensures that the concentration of gases within the chamber and outside the chamber is in each case so large that a short circuit is avoided inside and outside the chamber and a user is not exposed to excessive concentration of vapors. In addition to the control of the outflowing gas volume through the slots in the sub-chambers of the arc chamber, these slots also cause a directional specification of the outflowing gases, so that they do not hit adjacent contacts. This makes it possible that the distances between the individual phase contacts and thus also the outer dimensions of the fuse switch-disconnector can be kept low. It has been found that a short circuit formation between the phase contacts can be effectively avoided by the inventive simple structural design of the arc chamber so that the switching capacity of the fuse switch-disconnector has substantially doubled. By avoiding the use of quenching plates results in a simpler structural design and thus a reduction in manufacturing or material costs.

The slots are parallel to the orientation of the respective fixed contact part. That means that when perpendicular to the lower part arranged fixed contact parts, the slots in the outer walls of the subspaces of the arc chamber also perpendicular to the lower part or to its cover.

Furthermore, the arc chamber comprises three subspaces, a main space running in alignment with the fixed contact part, and two side rooms adjacent to the main space, which form the deflection chambers. This means that the main room is centrally located between the two side rooms. To introduce the contact blade in the arc chamber, this has an opening in the lower region of the main chamber, which preferably has the shape of a slot adapted to the contour of the contact blade.

The two adjacent side rooms in the direction of the fixed contact part can be closed. This means that in this embodiment, only the central main chamber is open towards the bottom, preferably in the form of a slot, in order to be able to pass the contact blade into and through the arc chamber. The two, the main chamber sibling, lateral deflection chambers, however, are closed at the bottom. As an alternative to this embodiment, however, it can also be provided that the two adjacent side rooms are open in the direction of the fixed contact part.

However, it can also be provided that the main chamber is completely open at the bottom and the two secondary chambers designed as deflecting chambers are also open at the bottom. This constructive simple design causes a reduction in manufacturing costs and an additional gas removal option from the secondary chambers. The gases can thus escape from the said slots of the subspaces and flow out downwards.

The slots are arranged in the wall of the arc chamber, which faces away from the contact blade.

In a further advantageous embodiment, it is provided that separating walls for the directed discharge of gases are arranged between the individual arc chambers. These partitions, together with the slots which determine the outflow direction of the gases from the arc chamber, a targeted discharge of the gases in such a way that they can not flow from the contact of a phase to contact an adjacent phase and thus allow arcing.

In a particular embodiment of the invention, the fuse switch-disconnector on a cover, in which the arc chambers of each phase are integrated. This cover is preferably detachably connected to the fixed contact part having switch part, so the lower part of the fuse switch disconnector. This embodiment has the advantage of easy replacement of the arc chambers in the case of a longer life and expected wear. In a further optimized embodiment of the fuse switch-disconnector according to the invention, the arc chambers and their slots are arranged such that in the closed switch position, the slots are covered by the handle and only after a pivotal movement of the handle in a position in which the contacts are open, are exposed , That means, that the slots do not extend over the entire height of a wall of a subspace of the arc chamber, but substantially at the upper end, that is, close to the arc chamber upwardly delimiting wall, are arranged.

FIG 1

einen Sicherungs-Lasttrennschalter in Seitenansicht in einer teilweisen Schnittdarstellung;

FIG 2

einen Ausschnitt aus der Schnittansicht II aus FIG 1 und

FIG 3

eine perspektivische Ansicht des Unterteils beziehungsweise dessen Abdeckung.

The invention will be described with reference to the following drawings. It shows:

FIG. 1

a fuse switch disconnector in side view in a partial sectional view;

FIG. 2

a section of the sectional view II FIG. 1 and

FIG. 3

a perspective view of the lower part or its cover.

The fuse switch disconnector shown in the drawings consists of the lower part 1 with the fixed contact parts 2 for the contact blades 3 of the fuses 4. The fuses 4 are held in a grip part 5 on the retaining lugs 6. The handle part 5 is connected to the lower part 1 via a not-shown known rotary joint. The fixed contact parts 2 are covered by a cover 7. In the cover 7 slots 8 are introduced for insertion of the contact blades 3. At the side facing away from the hinge for the handle part 5, the cover 7 is equipped with an arc chamber 9. The arc chamber 9 has ventilation slots 10. Within the arc chamber 9, a main space 91 and adjacent auxiliary spaces 92 are provided as Lichtbogenumlenkkammern into which a part of the resulting arc or its gases can be deflected and thus contribute to proper arc extinguishing. To protect the operator when disconnecting the fuse switch-disconnector, the handle 5 is located with an area in front of the slots 10. They are only after significant opening of the circuit breaker to the free Outlet of the gases released. In order to prevent the gases of different phases from meeting, 7 partition walls 15 are provided on the outside of the cover, which flank the outlet opening 10 laterally.

Some of the gases exit from the slot 10 of the main space 91 of the arc chamber 9. Another part is directed into the secondary spaces 92 designed as arc deflection chambers. This is in FIG. 1 represented by the arrows. After release of the slots 10 by the handle portion 5, the arc gases can freely emerge from the slots 10 of the fuse switch-disconnector.

In FIG. 3 are in the perspective view of the cover 7 and the lower part 1 three arc chambers 9 shown. The arc chambers 9 are separated from each other by a respective partition wall 15. Each of the arc chambers 9 has on one side a slot 8 for the passage of the contact blade 3. On the wall 11 of the arc chamber opposite this slot 8, the arc chamber additionally has three vertically arranged ventilation slots 10. Each of these three slots 10 is in each case assigned to a partial interior 91, 92 of the arc chamber. By this arrangement of the three slots 10 in a three-part arc chamber 9, the gas which is generated by the arc between the contacts of the fuse switch-disconnector, escape from the main room 91 and each of the adjacent side rooms 92 to the environment. The gas concentration within the arc chamber 9 or its subspaces 91, 92 decreases accordingly.

Claims (4)

1. Safety circuit breaker with fixed contact parts (2) permanently arranged on the switch, with each of which contact parts a contact blade (3), which is arranged on the safety circuit breaker and can pivot on a handle part (5), can be contacted, having three hollow light arc chambers (9), the light arc chambers (9) being arranged in the switch opening direction in each case on a fixed contact part (2) of a phase to be switched of the safety circuit breaker, such that when the switch is opened the contact blade (3) in each case is drawn into the light arc chamber (9), and having at least one slot (10) in the outer wall (11) of the light arc chamber (9), opposite the contact blade (3) being drawn in,
   characterised in that the inner spaces of the light arc chambers (9) are divided in each case into three partial spaces (91, 92), the two outer lateral partial spaces (92) being open or closed in the direction of the fixed contact part (2),
   each of the three partial spaces has a slot (10) in the outer wall (11) of the light arc chamber (9), opposite the contact blade (3) being drawn in,
   and the slots (10) extend parallel to the orientation of the respective fixed contact part (2).
2. Safety circuit breaker according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that partitions (15) are arranged between the individual light arc chambers (9) for the directed discharge of gases.
3. Safety circuit breaker according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the light arc chambers (9) are integrated into a cover (7), which can be detachably connected to the switch part, having the fixed contact part (2), of the safety circuit breaker.
4. Safety circuit breaker according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the light arc chamber (9) and the slots (10) are arranged such that in the closed switch position the slots (10) are covered by the handle part (5), and are not exposed until the handle part (5) has pivoted into a position in which the contacts are open.

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