EP1902163A1 - Method for production of a bead single crystal - Google Patents
Method for production of a bead single crystalInfo
- Publication number
- EP1902163A1 EP1902163A1 EP06761761A EP06761761A EP1902163A1 EP 1902163 A1 EP1902163 A1 EP 1902163A1 EP 06761761 A EP06761761 A EP 06761761A EP 06761761 A EP06761761 A EP 06761761A EP 1902163 A1 EP1902163 A1 EP 1902163A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- single crystal
- bead
- bead single
- wire
- electron beam
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B13/00—Single-crystal growth by zone-melting; Refining by zone-melting
- C30B13/16—Heating of the molten zone
- C30B13/22—Heating of the molten zone by irradiation or electric discharge
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B11/00—Single-crystal growth by normal freezing or freezing under temperature gradient, e.g. Bridgman-Stockbarger method
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B13/00—Single-crystal growth by zone-melting; Refining by zone-melting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B29/00—Single crystals or homogeneous polycrystalline material with defined structure characterised by the material or by their shape
- C30B29/60—Single crystals or homogeneous polycrystalline material with defined structure characterised by the material or by their shape characterised by shape
- C30B29/66—Crystals of complex geometrical shape, e.g. tubes, cylinders
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12014—All metal or with adjacent metals having metal particles
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for producing a bead single crystal.
- Bead or pearl single crystals are formed by melting and recrystallizing a thin wire made of precious metal.
- the wire end is melted with a fine gas flame.
- the movement of the gas flame along the wire axis forms a liquid metal bead.
- the method for producing a bead single crystal according to the invention provides for forming the bead single crystal by electron beam heating of at least one wire. After formation of the bead deposit, the quality of the crystal is determined by the periodicity of the building blocks on the facets under the stereomicroscope.
- the bead crystals formed by electron beam heating regularly have a precisely defined surface and thus a particularly uniform, homogeneous crystal lattice.
- the monocrystals formed in this way have particularly advantageously also a much lower dislocation density than the single crystals known from the prior art.
- each wire is made of a non-noble metal, such as. A wire made of Cu or Ni, this by the flame fusion method according to Clavillier or Furuya et al. oxidized. Therefore, the quality of the bead single crystals is generally limited according to the flame melting method or else according to the so-called flame float zone method (FFZ). This also applies if additional measures, such as working under a protective gas atmosphere, are made.
- non-noble metal wires can also be used to produce bead single crystals.
- Gas inclusions are basically prevented according to the invention.
- the crystal will then have low dislocation densities, if any at all, thus providing a whole new class of bead single crystals.
- a high vacuum is applied during the process. This may be less than 5 * 10 "4 , in particular less than 10 " 6 mbar.
- wires comprising Ag, Al, Cr, Cu, Ir, Mo, Nb, Ni, Pd, Pt, Re, Rh, Ru, Ta, Va, or W can be formed into bead single crystals.
- the wires can be made of these metals in more or less pure form. It is also possible to include wires.
- FM or FFZ process flame fusion process
- Fig. 1 shows the device for electron beam heating.
- the entire assembly is housed in a vacuum chamber made of stainless steel 1, which is pumped by means of a turbomolecular pump (not shown) to a vacuum of ⁇ 1 x 10 ⁇ 6 mbar.
- An electron beam is caused by the electrical heating of a metal filament 2 z. B. of tungsten or tantalum with a diameter of about 0.2 to 0.3 mm produced.
- a DC voltage source 7 supplies the filament 2 with a power of about 50 watts for this purpose.
- the filament 2 is enclosed by a metal housing 3 except for an upper opening (not shown). This causes the light generated by the filament 2 to be intercepted.
- the electron beam exits the housing 3 via the opening.
- the metal wire 4 is arranged. This has a diameter of, for example, 0.1 to 2 mm.
- the metal wire 4 is vertically displaceable relative to the filament 2 by means of an adjusting device, not shown, and thus can be positioned above the opening of the housing 3.
- the electrons emerging from the housing 3 are accelerated towards the metal wire 4 by means of a high voltage source 8 and by applying a positive high voltage to the metal wire 4, typically with values of approximately 2 to 3 kV.
- a positive high voltage typically with values of approximately 2 to 3 kV.
- an emission current of typically several mA flows through the wire 4. Due to the electron impact heating is in the first
- Step 2 the wire 4 is melted and it forms a liquid metal ball or bead, which is held by the surface tension of the liquid metal on the wire 4.
- the wire 4 is then moved vertically downward relative to the filament 2 and the wire 4 is further melted until the bead monocrystal 5 has the desired size.
- the heating power of the electron beam heating is reduced until the upper part of the bead single crystal 5 solidifies.
- the phase boundary between the solid and liquid phases of the bead Single crystal 5 can be observed through a viewing window 6.
- a particular advantage of the electron beam heating is the simple and accurate control of the phase boundary by varying the high voltage or the current through the filament 2.
- the production of the bead single crystal 5 takes place by slow solidification of the liquid metal ball. If the process of melting and solidification is repeated many times, then the single crystal is formed, recognizable by the formation of facets on the bead surface.
- the bead single crystals produced in this way can have a diameter of about 0.5 to 3 millimeters.
- the crystals are used as single crystal substrates in surface science, thin film technology, e.g. B. for Construction of sensors, and used in electrochemistry.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Geometry (AREA)
- Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102005032594A DE102005032594A1 (en) | 2005-07-11 | 2005-07-11 | Method for producing a bead single crystal |
PCT/DE2006/001159 WO2007006268A1 (en) | 2005-07-11 | 2006-07-05 | Method for production of a bead single crystal |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1902163A1 true EP1902163A1 (en) | 2008-03-26 |
Family
ID=37056471
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP06761761A Withdrawn EP1902163A1 (en) | 2005-07-11 | 2006-07-05 | Method for production of a bead single crystal |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20090047538A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1902163A1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102005032594A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2007006268A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR101413607B1 (en) * | 2012-09-21 | 2014-07-08 | 부산대학교 산학협력단 | metal single crystal substituted by a metal element |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2036496A (en) * | 1934-09-29 | 1936-04-07 | Gen Motors Corp | Method of making gas-free compositions of matter |
US3494745A (en) * | 1967-04-06 | 1970-02-10 | Corning Glass Works | Method of growing single crystal in a horizontally disposed rod |
JPS62118931A (en) * | 1985-11-19 | 1987-05-30 | Nippon Supeesu Technol Kk | Manufacture of dotted wire and dotted wire |
JPS6442398A (en) * | 1987-08-07 | 1989-02-14 | Kenji Suzuki | Production of single crystal of fe-si-al alloy |
US5027886A (en) * | 1990-07-12 | 1991-07-02 | Pitney Bowes Inc. | Apparatus and method for fabrication of metallic fibers having a small cross section |
JP2787550B2 (en) * | 1994-11-10 | 1998-08-20 | 仗祐 中田 | Method for producing spherical crystals |
AU2003225170A1 (en) * | 2002-04-25 | 2003-11-10 | University Of Virginia Patent Foundation | Apparatus and method for high rate uniform coating, including non-line of sight |
DE10304533B4 (en) * | 2003-02-04 | 2008-01-31 | Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH | Bead crystal and method of making a bead crystal and use |
DE10304532B4 (en) * | 2003-02-04 | 2005-09-08 | Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH | Method for sharpening a point and sharpened point |
-
2005
- 2005-07-11 DE DE102005032594A patent/DE102005032594A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2006
- 2006-07-05 US US11/988,521 patent/US20090047538A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2006-07-05 WO PCT/DE2006/001159 patent/WO2007006268A1/en active Application Filing
- 2006-07-05 EP EP06761761A patent/EP1902163A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO2007006268A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE102005032594A1 (en) | 2007-01-18 |
US20090047538A1 (en) | 2009-02-19 |
WO2007006268A1 (en) | 2007-01-18 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20071207 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR |
|
DAX | Request for extension of the european patent (deleted) | ||
RIN1 | Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected) |
Inventor name: STOLLWERK, HELMUT Inventor name: LINKE, UDO Inventor name: VOIGTLAENDER, BERT |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20111102 |
|
DAX | Request for extension of the european patent (deleted) | ||
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION HAS BEEN WITHDRAWN |
|
18W | Application withdrawn |
Effective date: 20140818 |