EP1888982B1 - Procedes et appareil pour reduire le niveau de bruit dans un separateur d'huile - Google Patents

Procedes et appareil pour reduire le niveau de bruit dans un separateur d'huile Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1888982B1
EP1888982B1 EP05755080A EP05755080A EP1888982B1 EP 1888982 B1 EP1888982 B1 EP 1888982B1 EP 05755080 A EP05755080 A EP 05755080A EP 05755080 A EP05755080 A EP 05755080A EP 1888982 B1 EP1888982 B1 EP 1888982B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
oil separator
muffling
segment
internal
shell
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP05755080A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1888982A1 (fr
Inventor
Michal Grabon
Xavier Girod
Eric Voluet
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Carrier Corp
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Carrier Corp
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Publication of EP1888982A1 publication Critical patent/EP1888982A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1888982B1 publication Critical patent/EP1888982B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B43/00—Arrangements for separating or purifying gases or liquids; Arrangements for vaporising the residuum of liquid refrigerant, e.g. by heat
    • F25B43/02—Arrangements for separating or purifying gases or liquids; Arrangements for vaporising the residuum of liquid refrigerant, e.g. by heat for separating lubricants from the refrigerant
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2500/00—Problems to be solved
    • F25B2500/12—Sound

Definitions

  • This invention relates to oil separators for use in refrigeration and cooling systems, and, in particular, to methods and apparatus for reducing the noise levels outputted by an oil separator that is located within a refrigeration or cooling system.
  • a water cooled chiller type refrigeration system 10 using a screw compressor 20 typically includes a condenser 30, a cooler 40, an oil separator 50, a condenser fan 60 and one or more expansion devices 70.
  • the compressor 20 requires oil for lubrication, wherein the oil is typically entrained in a refrigerant.
  • the combined oil and refrigerant mixture is carried through a compression cycle and discharged into the oil separator 50, where the oil must be removed from the refrigerant to allow for proper operation of the cooler 40. From the oil separator 50, the clean refrigerant flows to the condenser 30 and the separated oil is returned to the compressor 10.
  • This excitement causes high vibration levels at the surface of the oil separator 50, and that, in turn, translates into high noise levels outputted by the oil separator. These excess noise levels can be distracting and bothersome, or, even worse, can be damaging to the hearing of those working around the oil separator 50 and/or can be in violation of applicable noise ordinances.
  • US 5,784,784 discloses a refrigeration compressor muffler located in a refrigeration system externally of the compressor. Often, however, such equipment is subjected to high pressure differentials between the compressor discharge within the equipment and the atmosphere outside of the equipment. In such instances, the noise reduction equipment functions, in essence, as a pressure vessel, thus implicating strict design rules, certifications, and by consequence, added costs. Moreover, the added noise reduction equipment causes the refrigeration/cooling system to occupy a larger overall footprint, which is suboptimal and can even outweigh any beneficial noise reduction that actually is achieved through use of the equipment.
  • US 4,730,695 discloses a muffler for use in a hermetically sealed compressor unit.
  • an oil separator for use in a refrigeration or cooling system as claimed in claim 1.
  • the muffling segment of the muffling apparatus is at least partially formed of an absorbing material.
  • the absorbing material is effective to attenuate the energy of pressure waves/pulsations from the compressor into heat, thus reducing the resultant vibrations of (and, in turn, noise levels outputted from) the oil separator caused by energy from the waves/pulsations.
  • the internal layer of the muffling segment of the muffling apparatus is made of the absorbing material, and the internal shell has a plurality of perforations/openings defined therein. Each opening provides a direct fluid/air pathway from the lumen to the internal layer of absorbing material. The purpose of the openings is to enable the pressure waves/pulsations that propagate through the lumen of the muffling segment to come into contact with the interval layer of absorbing material thus enabling the absorbing material to attenuate the pressure waves/pulsations.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a known exemplary arrangement of a refrigeration/cooling system utilizing an oil separator.
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view of an exemplary embodiment of an oil separator muffling apparatus
  • FIG. 3 is a side, cross-sectional view of the muffling apparatus of FIG. 2 taken along line 3-3 of FIG. 2 ;
  • FIG. 4 is a perspective view, with partial cut away, of an exemplary oil separator wherein the muffling apparatus of FIGS. 2 and 3 has been placed within an internal area thereof.
  • the present invention provides an oil separator comprising a muffling apparatus and method for reducing the noise level output by an oil separator of a refrigeration or cooling system, such as a water-cooled chiller type refrigeration system.
  • the muffling apparatus is placed within the oil separator in order to attenuate pressure waves/pulsations that emanate from the compressor of the refrigeration system. As discussed above, such pressure waves/pulsations are believed to be responsible for creating vibrational forces that cause the oil separator surface to vibrate and, in turn, to disadvantageously generate high noise levels in its vicinity.
  • Attenuation occurs during use of the mumping apparatus because the pressure waves/pulsations come into contact with an absorbing material located within a muffling segment of the muffling apparatus.
  • the absorbing material attenuates the energy of the pressure waves/pulsations into heat and thus reduces the resultant vibrations of (and, in turn, noise level outputted from) the oil separator that are caused by energy from the pressure waves/pulsations.
  • the muffling apparatus provides many benefits. In particular, not only does the muffling apparatus successfully reduce oil separator noise levels, but it does so while being sited within the oil separator, thus not requiring the refrigeration/cooling system to occupy added space and not exposing the muffling apparatus to high pressure differentials.
  • the design of the muffling apparatus also provides costs savings, as will be discussed in detail below.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 depict an exemplary oil separator muffling apparatus 100.
  • the muffling apparatus 100 has at least two segments, wherein each segment serves a different purpose in accordance with the present invention and is made of different materials or material combinations than the other segment(s).
  • the segments are connected to each other as is known in the art, e.g., by welding, brazing and/or through the use of rivets.
  • the muffling apparatus 100 has a first, muffling segment 1010 and a second, non-muffling segment 1020.
  • the muffling segment 1010 has a tubular body comprised of an external shell 110 that surrounds an internal layer 120, wherein the internal layer has an internal shell 130 - that is, the external shell and the internal shell "sandwich" the internal layer.
  • the number and arrangement of the shells 110, 130 and the internal layer 120 of the muffling segment 1010 to be as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 , it is also within the scope of the present invention for the muffling segment to be comprised of more layers and/or more shells than are depicted in the Figures.
  • the muffling segment 1010 has a first end 140, a second end 150 and a lumen 160 therebetween, wherein the lumen is surrounded by the internal shell 130.
  • the second end 150 of the muffling segment 1010 is adapted for connection to a first end 1100 of the non-muffling segment 1020 by techniques known in the art, e.g., welding, brazing and/or through the use of rivets.
  • the purpose of the muffling segment 1010 is to reduce the noise level output of the oil separator in which the muffling apparatus 100 is placed.
  • at least the internal layer 120 of the muffling segment 1010 is made, at least partially, of a material that will absorb the energy from pressure waves (that emanate from the compressor and are transferred to the oil separator) and dissipate/attenuate that energy into absorbable heat.
  • the external shell 110 and/or the internal shell 130 might also be made, at least partially, of such an absorbing material.
  • the specific choice of the absorbing material can vary according to several factors, including but not limited to cost, dumping characteristics, availability and designer preference.
  • the absorbing material is a fiberglass material.
  • a currently preferred fiberglass material is comprised of glass fibers with a phenolic resin, wherein the material has a density in the range of about 86 kg/m 3 to about 105 kg/m 3 and a maximum temperature of about 177°C.
  • the material(s) from which the external shell 110 and the internal shell 130 of the muffling segment 1010 are constructed should be strong and durable, yet inexpensive.
  • the external shell 110 and the internal shell 130 can be constructed of different or identical materials; however, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, both the external shell 110 and the internal shell 130 are constructed of a sheet metal material.
  • a currently preferred sheet metal material is steel, but other metal-based materials can be utilized as well.
  • the internal shell 130 of the muffling segment 1010 has a plurality of perforations or openings 170 defined therein.
  • Each opening 170 provides direct fluid communication between the lumen 160 and the internal layer 120 of absorbing material.
  • the purpose of the openings 170 is to enable the pressure waves/pulsations that are propagating/passing through the lumen 160 of the muffling segment 1010 to come into contact with the internal layer 120 of absorbing material, thus enabling the absorbing material to attenuate the pressure waves/pulsations.
  • openings 170 can vary depending on several factors, including, but not limited to, the frequency of the pressure waves/pulsations that are expected to be encountered. According to a currently preferred embodiment of the present invention, openings 170 are defined in a range of about 10% to about 50% of the overall surface area of the internal shell 130. Moreover, although the openings 170 can have any shape and any spacing interval, it is currently preferred for the openings to be substantially round and spaced apart from each other at substantially identical distances, as best shown in FIG. 3 .
  • the non-muffling segment 1020 of the muffling apparatus 100 also has a tubular body, and has first and second ends 1100, 1200.
  • the first end 1100 of the non-muffling segment is connected to the second end 150 of the muffling segment 1010, and the second end 1200 of the muffling segment is connected to an internal area 510 of an oil separator 500, as shown in FIG. 4 .
  • Such connections are made as is generally known in the art, e.g., via welding, brazing and/or through the use of rivets.
  • the non-muffling segment 1020 of the muffling apparatus 100 can have more than one layer and can be made of more than one material, it is currently preferred to form the non-muffling segment of one layer and one material, wherein suitable materials include sheet metal materials such as steel.
  • suitable materials include sheet metal materials such as steel.
  • cost savings occurs because sheet metal material is less expensive to purchase as compared to the absorbing material used in the muffling segment 1010.
  • design flexibility because one can purchase many different pre-formed shapes and sizes of the sheet metal material from which the non-muffling segment 1020 is formed.
  • the size and shape of muffling apparatus 100 also can vary; however, the muffling apparatus 100 does have a non-straight overall shape.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 depict a muffling apparatus that has a curved shape.
  • the non-straight shape of muffling apparatus 100 enables the apparatus to have a larger size (as compared to an apparatus with a straight shape) while still fitting within the space confines of the oil separator. That allows for a longer lumen 160 to be defined between the first and second ends 140, 150 of a the muffling segment 1010, thus providing added opportunities for pressure waves/pulsations to come into contact with the internal layer 120 via openings 170.
  • muffling segment 1010 of muffling apparatus 100 has a substantially straight shape and non-muffling segment 1020 has a curved shape.
  • Such an arrangement is advantageous because a cost savings is achieved by not forming the muffling apparatus entirely of the muffling segment materials, yet the muffling apparatus is still capable of providing significant noise reduction, as will be discussed in more detail below.
  • support element 600 is attached (e.g., by welding) to the first end 150 of the muffling segment 1010 and to the internal area 510 of the oil separator 500.
  • the presence of the support element 600 provides added support to muffling apparatus 100 by bearing the weight of muffling segment 1010.
  • Support element 600 can be made of a variety of materials, including, but not limited, to one or more metal-based materials (e.g., steel).
  • the size of the muffling apparatus 100 can vary depending on several factors, most notably the size of the oil separator in which the ruffling apparatus is installed. It is currently preferred for the size of the muffling apparatus 100 to vary proportionally with the size of the oil separator.
  • the muffling apparatus 100 will have a different predetermined size in order to fit within a 14 inch (35.6 cm) oil separator than it would to fit within a 16 inch (40.6 cm) oil separator or an 18 inch (45.7 cm) oil separator, wherein the size of the muffling apparatus for a 16 inch (40.6 cm) oil separator generally will be approximately 16/14 times the size of the muffling apparatus for a 14 inch (35.6 cm) oil separator and approximately 16/18 times the size of the muffling apparatus for an 18 inch (45.7 cm) oil separator.
  • the effective height, H (see FIG. 3 ), occupied by the muffling apparatus is in the range of about 7.5 inches to about 9.5 inches (19.1 to 24.1 cm), with an effective height of about 8.5 inches (21.6 cm) being currently preferred, and the effective length, L (see FIG. 3 ) occupied by the muffling apparatus is in the range of about 11 inches to about 13.5 inches (27.9 to 34.3 cm) with an effective height of about 13.2 inches (33.5 cm) being currently preferred.
  • the length of muffling segment 1010 also can vary according to several factors, including the frequency of the pressure waves expected to the encountered within the oil separator. For example, the length of muffling segment 1010 can be comparatively greater when the frequency of the pressure waves is expected to be about 2000Hz versus 125Hz. According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention in which muffling apparatus 100 is placed within a 14 inch (35.6 cm) oil separator, the length of the muffling segment 1010 is about 4.5 inches to about 6.5 inches (11.4 to 16.5 cm) wherein a length of about 6 inches (15.2 cm) currently preferred. Stated differently, the length of muffling segment 1010 generally comprises about 30% to about 60% of the overall length, L, of the muffling apparatus 100. For placement within a 16 inch (40.6 cm) and 18 inch (45.7cm) oil separators, the length measurements would be approximately 16/14 times greater and 18/14 times greater, respectively.
  • a refrigeration system was first operated such that its oil separator encountered six different pressure wave frequencies (125 Hz, 250 Hz, 500 Hz, 1000 Hz, 2000 Hz and 4000Hz) emanating from its compressor, wherein the noise level outputted by the oil separator in response to each of these pressure wave levels was measured and recorded.
  • a muffling apparatus 100 of the type shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 was then installed within the oil separator and the testing conditions were repeated to gather comparable data.
  • the experimental results in Table I demonstrate that there was an acoustic reduction at each pressure wave frequency level due to the presence of the muffling apparatus 100, wherein the acoustic reduction was calculated as the difference between the acoustic level at the oil separator without a muffling apparatus versus the acoustic level at the same oil separator with a muffling apparatus of the present invention installed within an internal area thereof. Therefore, the -12 dB measurement at 250 Hz indicates that the noise level measurement taken after the muffling apparatus 100 was installed within the oil separator was 12 dB less than the measurement taken when the same oil separator was not equipped with the muffling apparatus.
  • the Global dBA of -4 dBA also supports that there was an acoustic reduction, and that the dominant frequency band of the pressure weves/pulsations was in the range of about 500-1000Hz.
  • a muffling apparatus 100 of the type shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 can be installed in an oil separator with confidence that the noise level reduction will be at least 1dB, with a noise reduction level of up to 12 dB being possible as well depending on the dominant frequency band of the pressure/wave pulsations emanating from the compressor.
  • noise reduction levels especially when considering the effects of exposure to the reduced noise level over the lifetime of the refrigeration system in which the oil separator is located.
  • a noise reduction level of between 1dH and 12dB will be even more significant if, as is commonly the case, multiple refrigeration systems that include oil separators are installed in close proximity.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Compressor (AREA)
  • Applications Or Details Of Rotary Compressors (AREA)
  • General Details Of Gearings (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
  • Exhaust Silencers (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Séparateur d'huile (500) à utiliser dans un système de réfrigération ou de refroidissement comprenant un appareil insonorisant (100) pour réduire le niveau de bruit produit par le séparateur d'huile, l'appareil insonorisant étant placé au sein d'une zone interne du séparateur d'huile, et dans lequel l'appareil insonorisant (100) comprend :
    un premier segment d'insonorisation (1010) ayant un corps tubulaire droit avec une première extrémité (140), une seconde extrémité (150) et
    une lumière (160) entre elles, dans lequel le premier segment est composé des éléments suivants :
    une coque externe (110) ;
    une couche interne (120) formée au moins partiellement d'un matériau absorbant, la couche interne (120) étant entourée par la coque externe (110); et
    une coque interne (130), la coque interne entourant la lumière, et la coque interne (130) comportant une pluralité d'ouvertures (170) définies à l'intérieur de celle-ci pour permettre une communication fluidique directe entre le matériau absorbant et la lumière (160) ; et
    un second segment sans fonction d'insonorisation (1020) ayant un corps tubulaire incurvé ou fléchi avec une première extrémité (1100) et une seconde extrémité (1200) ;
    dans lequel la première extrémité (1100) du second segment (1020) est raccordée à la seconde extrémité (150) du premier segment (1010), et la seconde extrémité (1200) du second segment (1020) est fixée à la zone interne (510) du séparateur d'huile (500).
  2. Séparateur d'huile selon la revendication 1, dans lequel le matériau absorbant est un matériau en fibre de verre.
  3. Séparateur d'huile selon la revendication 1 ou 2, dans lequel la coque externe (110) et la coque interne (130) sont constituées chacune d'un matériau en tôle métallique.
  4. Séparateur d'huile selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel l'appareil insonorisant (100) est fixé à une première extrémité d'un élément de support (600), et dans lequel une seconde extrémité de l'élément de support (600) est fixée à la zone interne du séparateur d'huile (500).
  5. Système de réfrigération ou de refroidissement comprenant :
    un compresseur ; et
    un séparateur d'huile (500) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, pour séparer l'huile de l'huile combinée et un mélange frigorifique évacué du compresseur ;
    dans lequel l'appareil insonorisant (100) au sein du séparateur d'huile (500) est agencé pour atténuer des ondes de pression qui émanent du compresseur.
  6. Procédé de réduction du niveau de bruit produit par un séparateur d'huile au sein d'un système de réfrigération ou de refroidissement, comprenant :
    la fourniture d'un appareil insonorisant (100) ; et
    la mise en place de l'appareil insonorisant (100) au sein d'une zone interne d'un séparateur d'huile (500) en fixant l'appareil insonorisant à la zone interne du séparateur d'huile ;
    dans lequel l'appareil insonorisant (100) comprend :
    un premier segment d'insonorisation (1010) ayant un corps tubulaire droit avec une première extrémité (140), une seconde extrémité (150) et une lumière (160) entre elles, dans lequel le premier segment est composé des éléments suivants :
    une coque externe (110) ;
    une couche interne (120) formée au moins partiellement d'un matériau absorbant, la couche interne (120) étant entourée par la coque externe (110) ; et
    une coque interne (130), la coque interne entourant la lumière, et la coque interne (130) comportant une pluralité d'ouvertures (170) définies à l'intérieur de celle-ci pour permettre une communication fluidique directe entre le matériau absorbant et la lumière (160) ; et
    un second segment sans fonction d'insonorisation (1020) ayant un corps tubulaire incurvé ou fléchi avec une première extrémité (1100) et une seconde extrémité (1200) ; et
    dans lequel la première extrémité (1100) du second segment (1020) est raccordée à la seconde extrémité (150) du premier segment (1010), et la seconde extrémité (1200) du second segment (1020) est fixée à la zone interne (510) du séparateur d'huile (500).
  7. Procédé selon la revendication 6, dans lequel le matériau absorbant est un matériau en fibre de verre.
  8. Procédé selon la revendication 6 ou 7, dans lequel la coque externe (110) et la coque interne (130) sont constituées chacune d'un matériau en tôle métallique.
  9. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 6 à 8, dans lequel l'appareil insonorisant (100) est fixé à une première extrémité d'un élément de support (600), et dans lequel une seconde extrémité de l'élément de support (600) est fixée à la zone interne du séparateur d'huile (500).
EP05755080A 2005-05-31 2005-05-31 Procedes et appareil pour reduire le niveau de bruit dans un separateur d'huile Not-in-force EP1888982B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US2005/018827 WO2006130131A1 (fr) 2005-05-31 2005-05-31 Procedes et appareil pour reduire le niveau de bruit dans un separateur d'huile

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1888982A1 EP1888982A1 (fr) 2008-02-20
EP1888982B1 true EP1888982B1 (fr) 2010-12-15

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Country Status (9)

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US (1) US20080179134A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1888982B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN101228402B (fr)
AT (1) ATE491920T1 (fr)
BR (1) BRPI0520251A2 (fr)
DE (1) DE602005025418D1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2355919T3 (fr)
HK (1) HK1123090A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2006130131A1 (fr)

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US11536501B2 (en) 2018-09-14 2022-12-27 Carrier Corporation Oil separator with integrated muffler

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US8276398B2 (en) * 2005-05-31 2012-10-02 Carrier Corporation Methods and apparatus for reducing the noise level outputted by oil separator
US10907870B2 (en) 2016-11-15 2021-02-02 Carrier Corporation Muffler for lubricant separator
CN109386505B (zh) 2017-08-09 2022-02-11 开利公司 用于制冷装置中的消音器以及制冷装置
DE102018108559A1 (de) * 2018-04-11 2019-10-17 Alfred Kärcher SE & Co. KG Reinigungsgerät

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ATE491920T1 (de) 2011-01-15
CN101228402A (zh) 2008-07-23
BRPI0520251A2 (pt) 2009-09-15
WO2006130131A1 (fr) 2006-12-07
DE602005025418D1 (de) 2011-01-27
ES2355919T3 (es) 2011-04-01
US20080179134A1 (en) 2008-07-31
CN101228402B (zh) 2012-04-18
EP1888982A1 (fr) 2008-02-20
HK1123090A1 (en) 2009-06-05

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