EP1886023B1 - Cryocompressor having a laterally arranged pressure valve - Google Patents

Cryocompressor having a laterally arranged pressure valve Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1886023B1
EP1886023B1 EP06742944A EP06742944A EP1886023B1 EP 1886023 B1 EP1886023 B1 EP 1886023B1 EP 06742944 A EP06742944 A EP 06742944A EP 06742944 A EP06742944 A EP 06742944A EP 1886023 B1 EP1886023 B1 EP 1886023B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
compressor
compressor piston
pressure valve
end position
piston
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP06742944A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1886023A1 (en
Inventor
Robert Adler
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Linde GmbH
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Linde GmbH
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Publication of EP1886023A1 publication Critical patent/EP1886023A1/en
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Publication of EP1886023B1 publication Critical patent/EP1886023B1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/10—Adaptations or arrangements of distribution members
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B15/00—Pumps adapted to handle specific fluids, e.g. by selection of specific materials for pumps or pump parts
    • F04B15/06—Pumps adapted to handle specific fluids, e.g. by selection of specific materials for pumps or pump parts for liquids near their boiling point, e.g. under subnormal pressure
    • F04B15/08—Pumps adapted to handle specific fluids, e.g. by selection of specific materials for pumps or pump parts for liquids near their boiling point, e.g. under subnormal pressure the liquids having low boiling points
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B37/00—Pumps having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B35/00
    • F04B37/10—Pumps having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B35/00 for special use
    • F04B37/18—Pumps having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B35/00 for special use for specific elastic fluids
    • F04B37/20—Pumps having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B35/00 for special use for specific elastic fluids for wet gases, e.g. wet air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/10—Adaptations or arrangements of distribution members
    • F04B39/102—Adaptations or arrangements of distribution members the members being disc valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B53/10—Valves; Arrangement of valves

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a compressor, in particular compressors for cryogenic media, preferably for liquid hydrogen, comprising a cylinder wall surrounded by a compressor chamber in which a compressor piston is moved linearly, a suction valve and a pressure valve, wherein both valves arranged in the region of the lower end position of the compressor piston are.
  • cryogenic media are to be understood below as cryogenic liquids, in particular liquid hydrogen, liquefied natural gas, liquid nitrogen, liquid oxygen and other liquefied gases.
  • Compressors of any kind are well known in the art, see eg DE 2155 624 , They all have in common that passed through a spring-loaded suction valve, the medium to be compressed in a compressor room, compressed and then withdrawn via a spring-loaded pressure valve from the compressor room.
  • FIG. 1 shows in a laterally schematic sectional view of a generic, counting to the prior art compressor design.
  • a compressor piston K ' Within a compressor chamber R surrounded by a cylinder wall Z, a compressor piston K 'is moved linearly back and forth or up and down.
  • the two reversal points of the compressor piston K ' are referred to below as the lower and upper end position of the compressor piston K'.
  • a suction valve S and a pressure valve D ' are arranged on the underside of the cylinder chamber.
  • About the suction valve S occurs during the suction cycle - while the compressor piston K 'moves from its lower end into its upper end position, in the present case from bottom to top - the liquid medium to be compressed in the compressor chamber R.
  • the compressor piston K ' moves from its upper back to its lower end position, which in the FIG. 1 is shown - the compressed medium via the pressure valve D 'is pushed out of the compressor chamber R or pushed out.
  • Object of the present invention is to provide a generic compressor, in particular a generic compressor for cryogenic media, specify, in which the aforementioned disadvantages can be avoided.
  • a generic compressor which is characterized in that the pressure valve in the region of the lower end position of the compressor piston is arranged laterally on the cylinder wall and the head of the compressor piston has a conical shape.
  • FIG. 2 shows - as already the FIG. 1 - A schematic side sectional view through a possible embodiment of the compressor according to the invention.
  • the compressor piston K is now at the end of the pressure or compression stroke in its lower end position - as in the FIG. 2 is shown, the remaining, filled with gaseous medium dead space G is now much smaller than that in the FIG. 1 illustrated compressor design. Furthermore, because of the conical shape x of the compressor piston K, there is or is a "connection" to the pressure valve D, so that the compressed cryogenic medium can be expelled from the dead space via the pressure valve D.
  • compressor according to the invention it is achieved that the gas content in the compressor chamber at the end of the pressure or compression cycle is completely eliminated or at least largely reduced; this results in a higher capacity compared to known compressor designs.
  • a reduction of the specific compressor capacity relative to the amount of the conveyed or compressed medium can be achieved.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Compressor (AREA)
  • Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)
  • Safety Valves (AREA)

Abstract

An apparatus and method for compressing a cryogenic media is disclosed. The apparatus includes a compressor compartment surrounded by a cylinder wall, a compressor piston being moved linearly in the compartment, an intake valve, and a compression valve, both valves being arranged in the area of the lower end position of the compressor piston. The compression valve is arranged laterally on the cylinder wall in the area of the lower end position of the compressor piston, and the head of the compressor piston has a conical shape.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Verdichter, insbesondere Verdichter für kryogene Medien, vorzugsweise für flüssigen Wasserstoff, aufweisend einen von einer Zylinderwand umgebenen Verdichterraum, in dem ein Verdichterkolben linear bewegt wird, ein Saugventil und ein Druckventil, wobei beide Ventile im Bereich der unteren Endlage des Verdichterkolbens angeordnet sind.The invention relates to a compressor, in particular compressors for cryogenic media, preferably for liquid hydrogen, comprising a cylinder wall surrounded by a compressor chamber in which a compressor piston is moved linearly, a suction valve and a pressure valve, wherein both valves arranged in the region of the lower end position of the compressor piston are.

Unter dem Begriff "kryogene Medien" seien nachfolgend sog. tiefkalte Flüssigkeiten, insbesondere flüssiger Wasserstoff, verflüssigtes Erdgas, flüssiger Stickstoff, flüssiger Sauerstoff und andere verflüssigte Gase zu verstehen.The term "cryogenic media" are to be understood below as cryogenic liquids, in particular liquid hydrogen, liquefied natural gas, liquid nitrogen, liquid oxygen and other liquefied gases.

Verdichter jeglicher Art sind aus dem Stand der Technik hinlänglich bekannt , siehe z.B. DE 2155 624 . Ihnen allen ist gemein, dass über ein federbelastetes Saugventil das zu verdichtende Medium in einen Verdichterraum geführt, verdichtet und anschließend über ein federbelastetes Druckventil aus dem Verdichterraum abgezogen wird.Compressors of any kind are well known in the art, see eg DE 2155 624 , They all have in common that passed through a spring-loaded suction valve, the medium to be compressed in a compressor room, compressed and then withdrawn via a spring-loaded pressure valve from the compressor room.

Die Figur 1 zeigt in einer seitlich schematisierten Schnittdarstellung eine gattungsgemäße, zum Stand der Technik zählende Verdichterkonstruktion.The FIG. 1 shows in a laterally schematic sectional view of a generic, counting to the prior art compressor design.

Innerhalb eines von einer Zylinderwand Z umgebenen Verdichterraumes R wird ein Verdichterkolben K' linear hin und her bzw. auf und ab bewegt. Die beiden Umkehrpunkte des Verdichterkolbens K' werden nachfolgend als untere und obere Endlage des Verdichterkolbens K' bezeichnet.Within a compressor chamber R surrounded by a cylinder wall Z, a compressor piston K 'is moved linearly back and forth or up and down. The two reversal points of the compressor piston K 'are referred to below as the lower and upper end position of the compressor piston K'.

Auf der Unterseite des Zylinderraumes sind ein Saugventil S und ein Druckventil D' angeordnet. Über das Saugventil S tritt während des Saugtaktes - dabei bewegt sich der Verdichterkolben K' aus seiner unteren in seine obere Endlage, im vorliegenden Fall also von unten nach oben - das zu verdichtende flüssige Medium in den Verdichterraum R ein. Während des nachfolgenden Druck- bzw. Verdichtungstaktes - der Verdichterkolben K' bewegt sich dabei von seiner oberen wieder in seine untere Endlage, die in der Figur 1 dargestellt ist - wird das verdichtete Medium über das Druckventil D' aus dem Verdichterraum R gedrückt bzw. ausgeschoben.On the underside of the cylinder chamber, a suction valve S and a pressure valve D 'are arranged. About the suction valve S occurs during the suction cycle - while the compressor piston K 'moves from its lower end into its upper end position, in the present case from bottom to top - the liquid medium to be compressed in the compressor chamber R. During the subsequent pressure or compression stroke - the compressor piston K 'moves from its upper back to its lower end position, which in the FIG. 1 is shown - the compressed medium via the pressure valve D 'is pushed out of the compressor chamber R or pushed out.

Insbesondere bei der Flüssigverdichtung eines flüssigen kryogenen Mediums kommt es zwangsläufig während der Verdichtung zur Ausbildung einer Gasphase G. Verbleibt diese nach dem Druck- bzw. Verdichtungstakt in dem nicht zu vermeidenden Totraum des Verdichterraumes R, so kommt es während des nachfolgenden Saugtaktes zu einer Entspannung des gasförmigen Mediums innerhalb des Verdichterraumes R. Während dieser Entspannung kann kein neues, flüssiges kryogenes Medium über das Saugventil S in den Verdichterraum R angesaugt werden. Dies hat somit zur Folge, dass die Förderleistung des Verdichters wesentlich reduziert wird.Especially during the liquid compression of a liquid cryogenic medium, a gas phase G inevitably occurs during the compression. If this remains after the pressure or compression stroke in the unavoidable dead space of the compressor chamber R, then during the subsequent suction cycle the pressure will relax gaseous medium within the compressor chamber R. During this relaxation, no new, liquid cryogenic medium can be sucked into the compressor chamber R via the suction valve S. This has the consequence that the capacity of the compressor is substantially reduced.

Wäre der Totraum am Ende des Druck- bzw. Verdichtungstaktes ausschließlich mit Flüssigkeit befüllt, könnte die vorgeschriebene, unerwünschte Entspannung des gasförmigen Mediums verhindert werden. Bei allen bekannten Verdichterkonstruktionen sitzen Saug- S und Druckventil D' an der Unterseite des Zylindergehäuses Z. Dies hat zur Folge, dass durch den Verdichterkolben K' zunächst die Flüssigphase F über das Druckventil D' aus dem Verdichterraum R gedrückt bzw. ausgeschoben wird, während im verbleibenden Totraum zwangsläufig eine Gasphase G verbleibt.If the dead space at the end of the pressure or compression stroke filled only with liquid, the prescribed, undesirable relaxation of the gaseous medium could be prevented. In all known compressor designs sit suction S and pressure valve D 'on the underside of the cylinder housing Z. This has the consequence that is pressed by the compressor piston K' first the liquid phase F via the pressure valve D 'from the compressor chamber R or pushed, while in the remaining dead space inevitably a gas phase G remains.

Es ist grundsätzlich nicht möglich, den Verdichterkolben K' bis zum Boden des Zylinderraumes Z zu führen und damit den Totraum zu verringern bzw. zu "beseitigen". Dies hat seine Ursache darin, dass der Totraum von Verdichtern optimiert ist. Durch die Längenausdehnungen bei der Abkühlung kann ein gewisser Totraum nicht verhindert werden. Wäre kein Totraum vorgesehen, könnten auch die Ventile nicht in den Verdichter integriert werden.In principle, it is not possible to guide the compressor piston K 'as far as the bottom of the cylinder space Z and thus to reduce or "eliminate" the dead space. This is due to the fact that the dead space of compressors is optimized. Due to the length expansions during cooling, a certain dead space can not be prevented. If no dead space was provided, the valves could not be integrated into the compressor.

Die in dem Totraum zwangsläufig verbleibende Gasphase G dehnt sich jedoch nach der Verdichtung aus und verhindert dadurch das Einströmen von "frischer", zu verdichtender Flüssigkeit.However, the gas phase G, which inevitably remains in the dead space, expands after the compression and thereby prevents the inflow of "fresh" liquid to be compressed.

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, einen gattungsgemäßen Verdichter, insbesondere einen gattungsgemäßen Verdichter für kryogene Medien, anzugeben, bei dem die vorgenannten Nachteile vermieden werden können.Object of the present invention is to provide a generic compressor, in particular a generic compressor for cryogenic media, specify, in which the aforementioned disadvantages can be avoided.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe wird ein gattungsgemäßer Verdichter vorgeschlagen, der dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass das Druckventil im Bereich der unteren Endlage des Verdichterkolbens seitlich an der Zylinderwand angeordnet ist und der Kopf des Verdichterkolbens eine konische Form aufweist.To solve this problem, a generic compressor is proposed, which is characterized in that the pressure valve in the region of the lower end position of the compressor piston is arranged laterally on the cylinder wall and the head of the compressor piston has a conical shape.

Der erfindungsgemäße Verdichter sowie weitere Ausgestaltungen desselben seien anhand des in der Figur 2 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispieles näher erläutert.The compressor according to the invention and further embodiments thereof are based on the in the FIG. 2 illustrated embodiment explained in more detail.

Auch die Figur 2 zeigt - wie bereits die Figur 1 - eine seitliche schematisierte Schnittdarstellung durch eine mögliche Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verdichters.Also the FIG. 2 shows - as already the FIG. 1 - A schematic side sectional view through a possible embodiment of the compressor according to the invention.

Bei dem in der Figur 2 dargestellten Verdichterkolben K weist dessen Kopf eine konische Form - Bereich x - auf. Des Weiteren ist das Druckventil D nunmehr im Bereich der unteren Endlage des Verdichterkolbens K seitlich an der Zylinderwand Z angeordnet.In the in the FIG. 2 illustrated compressor piston K, whose head has a conical shape - area x - on. Furthermore, the pressure valve D is now arranged in the region of the lower end position of the compressor piston K laterally on the cylinder wall Z.

Befindet sich der Verdichterkolben K nunmehr am Ende des Druck- bzw. Verdichtungstaktes in seiner unteren Endlage - wie dies in der Figur 2 dargestellt ist -, ist der verbleibende, mit gasförmigem Medium gefüllte Totraum G nunmehr wesentlich kleiner als bei der in der Figur 1 dargestellten Verdichterkonstruktion. Des Weiteren ent- bzw. besteht aufgrund der konischen Form x des Verdichterkolbens K eine "Verbindung" zu dem Druckventil D, so dass das verdichtete kryogene Medium über das Druckventil D aus dem Totraum ausgeschoben werden kann.The compressor piston K is now at the end of the pressure or compression stroke in its lower end position - as in the FIG. 2 is shown, the remaining, filled with gaseous medium dead space G is now much smaller than that in the FIG. 1 illustrated compressor design. Furthermore, because of the conical shape x of the compressor piston K, there is or is a "connection" to the pressure valve D, so that the compressed cryogenic medium can be expelled from the dead space via the pressure valve D.

Am Ende des Druck- bzw. Verdichtungstaktes verbleibt jedoch eine Flüssigphase F, die durch den sich in die untere Endlage bewegenden Verdichterkolben K nicht vollständig über das Druckventil D ausgedrückt bzw. -schoben werden kann.At the end of the pressure or compression stroke, however, a liquid phase F remains, which can not be completely expressed or pushed over the pressure valve D by the compressor piston K moving into the lower end position.

Dies hat zur Folge, dass zu Beginn des nachfolgenden Saugtaktes eine deutlich verringerte Gasmenge entspannt werden muss - wenn nicht sogar der verbleibende Totraum vollständig mit Flüssigkeit gefüllt ist -, bevor erneut flüssiges kryogenes Medium über das Saugventil S angesaugt werden kann.This has the consequence that at the beginning of the subsequent suction cycle a significantly reduced amount of gas must be relaxed - if not even the remaining dead space is completely filled with liquid - before again liquid cryogenic medium can be sucked through the suction valve S.

Es sei abschließend darauf hingewiesen, dass in den Figuren 1 und 2 die ggf. zwischen dem Verdichterkolben K' bzw. K und der Zylinderwand Z vorzusehenden Dichtungsmittel der Übersichtlichkeit halber nicht dargestellt sind.It should finally be noted that in the Figures 1 and 2 the sealing means to be provided between the compressor piston K 'or K and the cylinder wall Z are not shown for the sake of clarity.

Mittels des vorbeschriebenen, erfindungsgemäßen Verdichters wird erreicht, dass der Gasanteil im Verdichterraum am Ende des Druck- bzw. Verdichtungstaktes gänzlich beseitigt oder zumindest weitgehend reduziert ist; daraus resultiert eine gegenüber bekannten Verdichterkonstruktionen höhere Förderleistung. Somit kann eine Verringerung der spezifischen Verdichterleistung bezogen auf die Menge des geförderten bzw. verdichteten Mediums erzielt werden.By means of the above-described, compressor according to the invention it is achieved that the gas content in the compressor chamber at the end of the pressure or compression cycle is completely eliminated or at least largely reduced; this results in a higher capacity compared to known compressor designs. Thus, a reduction of the specific compressor capacity relative to the amount of the conveyed or compressed medium can be achieved.

Die mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verdichter verbundenen Vorteile werden durch eine gegenüber dem Stand der Technik geringfügig kompliziertere Verdichterkonstruktion erkauft; die mit ihr verbundenen Mehrkosten werden jedoch durch die erreichten Vorteile mehr als kompensiert.The advantages associated with the compressor according to the invention are achieved by a comparison with the prior art slightly more complicated compressor design; However, the additional costs associated with it are more than compensated for by the benefits achieved.

Claims (1)

  1. Compressor, in particular a compressor for cryogenic media, preferably for liquid hydrogen, having a compression chamber, which is surrounded by a cylinder wall and in which a compressor piston is linearly moved, a suction valve and a pressure valve, both valves being arranged in the region of the lower end position of the compressor piston, characterized in that the pressure valve (D) is arranged in the region of the lower end position of the compressor piston (K) laterally on the cylinder wall (Z) and the head of the compressor piston (K) has a conical form (x).
EP06742944A 2005-05-31 2006-05-16 Cryocompressor having a laterally arranged pressure valve Not-in-force EP1886023B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102005024888A DE102005024888A1 (en) 2005-05-31 2005-05-31 Cryo compressor with laterally arranged pressure valve
PCT/EP2006/004624 WO2006128581A1 (en) 2005-05-31 2006-05-16 Cryocompressor having a laterally arranged pressure valve

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1886023A1 EP1886023A1 (en) 2008-02-13
EP1886023B1 true EP1886023B1 (en) 2008-11-05

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ID=36685726

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP06742944A Not-in-force EP1886023B1 (en) 2005-05-31 2006-05-16 Cryocompressor having a laterally arranged pressure valve

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US20080206080A1 (en)
EP (1) EP1886023B1 (en)
KR (1) KR20080011173A (en)
CN (1) CN101189435A (en)
AT (1) ATE413530T1 (en)
DE (2) DE102005024888A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2317539T3 (en)
WO (1) WO2006128581A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102005028200A1 (en) * 2005-06-17 2006-12-21 Linde Ag Cryo-compressor with high-pressure phase separator
DE102008061904A1 (en) * 2008-12-15 2010-06-17 Alldos Eichler Gmbh Method and device for degassing the delivery chamber of a metering pump

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3456595A (en) * 1966-09-20 1969-07-22 Union Carbide Corp Cryogenic liquid metering pump
DE2215983A1 (en) * 1972-04-01 1973-10-11 Bosch Gmbh Robert PRESSURE VALVE DEVICE FOR SUBMERGED PISTON COMPRESSORS
DE3005608A1 (en) * 1980-02-15 1981-08-20 Linde Ag, 6200 Wiesbaden PISTON PUMP
WO1990014626A1 (en) * 1989-05-15 1990-11-29 Dallas Semiconductor Corporation Systems with data-token/one-wire-bus
US5411374A (en) * 1993-03-30 1995-05-02 Process Systems International, Inc. Cryogenic fluid pump system and method of pumping cryogenic fluid
DE10118930A1 (en) * 2001-04-18 2002-10-24 Wabco Gmbh & Co Ohg Cylinder head has running surface, at least one piston ring, and cylindrical inner surface of cylinder head

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN101189435A (en) 2008-05-28
DE102005024888A1 (en) 2006-12-07
KR20080011173A (en) 2008-01-31
ES2317539T3 (en) 2009-04-16
ATE413530T1 (en) 2008-11-15
US20080206080A1 (en) 2008-08-28
EP1886023A1 (en) 2008-02-13
DE502006002015D1 (en) 2008-12-18
WO2006128581A1 (en) 2006-12-07

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