EP1882347B1 - Detection et reutilisation de reseau autonomes et heterogenes - Google Patents

Detection et reutilisation de reseau autonomes et heterogenes Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1882347B1
EP1882347B1 EP06731360A EP06731360A EP1882347B1 EP 1882347 B1 EP1882347 B1 EP 1882347B1 EP 06731360 A EP06731360 A EP 06731360A EP 06731360 A EP06731360 A EP 06731360A EP 1882347 B1 EP1882347 B1 EP 1882347B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wlan
network
data
list
networks
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
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EP06731360A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1882347A1 (fr
Inventor
Raziq Yaqub
Tao Zhang
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Toshiba Corp
Iconectiv LLC
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Toshiba Corp
Telcordia Technologies Inc
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W48/00—Access restriction; Network selection; Access point selection
    • H04W48/16—Discovering, processing access restriction or access information
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/0005—Control or signalling for completing the hand-off
    • H04W36/0083—Determination of parameters used for hand-off, e.g. generation or modification of neighbour cell lists
    • H04W36/00835—Determination of neighbour cell lists
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/0005—Control or signalling for completing the hand-off
    • H04W36/0083—Determination of parameters used for hand-off, e.g. generation or modification of neighbour cell lists
    • H04W36/00837—Determination of triggering parameters for hand-off
    • H04W36/008375—Determination of triggering parameters for hand-off based on historical data

Definitions

  • the present application relates to wireless networking and, in some preferred embodiments, to systems and methods for mobile stations autonomous and heterogeneous network discovery and reuse, and, in some preferred embodiments to the discovery of networks and information regarding the networks, and, in some preferred embodiments, to methods of using information acquired by autonomous discovery to support proactive handover actions and/or the like.
  • the Internet is a worldwide network of computer networks.
  • Today, the Internet is a public and self-sustaining network that is available to many millions of users.
  • the Internet uses a set of communication protocols called TCP/IP (i.e., Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) to connect hosts.
  • TCP/IP i.e., Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol
  • the Internet has a communications infrastructure known as the Internet backbone. Access to the Internet backbone is largely controlled by Internet Service Providers (ISPs) that resell access to corporations and individuals.
  • ISPs Internet Service Providers
  • IP Internet Protocol
  • IPv4 IPv6
  • IP is a connectionless protocol.
  • the connection between end points during a communication is not continuous.
  • the data or messages are divided into components known as packets. Every packet is treated as an independent unit of data.
  • OSI Open Systems Interconnection
  • the OSI model separates the communications processes between two points in a network into seven stacked layers, with each layer adding its own set of functions. Each device handles a message so that there is a downward flow through each layer at a sending end point and an upward flow through the layers at a receiving end point.
  • the programming and/or hardware that provides the seven layers of function is typically a combination of device operating systems, application software, TCP/IP and/or other transport and network protocols, and other software and hardware.
  • the top four layers are used when a message passes from or to a user and the bottom three layers are used when a message passes through a device (e.g., an IP host device).
  • An IP host is any device on the network that is capable of transmitting and receiving IP packets, such as a server, a router or a workstation. Messages destined for some other host are not passed up to the upper layers but are forwarded to the other host.
  • IP is in Layer-3, the network layer.
  • Wireless networks can incorporate a variety of types of mobile devices, such as, e.g., cellular and wireless telephones, PCs (personal computers), laptop computers, wearable computers, cordless phones, pagers, headsets, printers, PDAs, etc.
  • mobile devices may include digital systems to secure fast wireless transmissions of voice and/or data.
  • Typical mobile devices include some or all of the following components: a transceiver (i.e., a transmitter and a receiver, including, e.g., a single chip transceiver with an integrated transmitter, receiver and, if desired, other functions); an antenna; a processor; one or more audio transducers (for example, a speaker or a microphone as in devices for audio communications); electromagnetic data storage (such as, e.g., ROM, RAM, digital data storage, etc., such as in devices where data processing is provided); memory; flash memory; a full chip set or integrated circuit; interfaces (such as, e.g., USB, CODEC, UART, PCM, etc.); and/or the like.
  • a transceiver i.e., a transmitter and a receiver, including, e.g., a single chip transceiver with an integrated transmitter, receiver and, if desired, other functions
  • an antenna a processor
  • one or more audio transducers for example, a speaker or
  • Wireless LANs in which a mobile user can connect to a local area network (LAN) through a wireless connection may be employed for wireless communications.
  • Wireless communications can include, e.g., communications that propagate via electromagnetic waves, such as light, infrared, radio, microwave.
  • WLAN standards There are a variety of WLAN standards that currently exist, such as, e.g., Bluetooth, IEEE 802.11, and HomeRF.
  • Bluetooth products may be used to provide links between mobile computers, mobile phones, portable handheld devices, personal digital assistants (PDAs), and other mobile devices and connectivity to the Internet.
  • PDAs personal digital assistants
  • Bluetooth is a computing and telecommunications industry specification that details how mobile devices can easily interconnect with each other and with non-mobile devices using a short-range wireless connection.
  • Bluetooth creates a digital wireless protocol to address end-user problems arising from the proliferation of various mobile devices that need to keep data synchronized and consistent from one device to another, thereby allowing equipment from different vendors to work seamlessly together.
  • Bluetooth devices may be named according to a common naming concept. For example, a Bluetooth device may possess a Bluetooth Device Name (BDN) or a name associated with a unique Bluetooth Device Address (BDA).
  • BDN Bluetooth Device Name
  • BDA unique Bluetooth Device Address
  • Bluetooth devices may also participate in an Internet Protocol (IP) network. If a Bluetooth device functions on an IP network, it may be provided with an IP address and an IP (network) name.
  • IP Internet Protocol
  • a Bluetooth Device configured to participate on an IP network may contain, e.g., a BDN, a BDA, an IP address and an IP name.
  • IP name refers to a name corresponding to an IP address of an interface.
  • IEEE 802.11 An IEEE standard, IEEE 802.11, specifies technologies for wireless LANs and devices. Using 802.11, wireless networking may be accomplished with each single base station supporting several devices. In some examples, devices may come pre-equipped with wireless hardware or a user may install a separate piece of hardware, such as a card, that may include an antenna.
  • devices used in 802.11 typically include three notable elements, whether or not the device is an access point (AP), a mobile station (STA), a bridge, a PCMCIA card or another device: a radio transceiver; an antenna; and a MAC (Media Access Control) layer that controls packet flow between points in a network.
  • AP access point
  • STA mobile station
  • bridge a PCMCIA card
  • PCMCIA card PCMCIA card
  • MIDs may be utilized in some wireless networks.
  • MIDs may contain two independent network interfaces, such as a Bluetooth interface and an 802.11 interface, thus allowing the MID to participate on two separate networks as well as to interface with Bluetooth devices.
  • the MID may have an IP address and a common IP (network) name associated with the IP address.
  • Wireless network devices may include, but are not limited to Bluetooth devices, Multiple Interface Devices (MIDs), 802.11x devices (IEEE 802.11 devices including, e.g., 802.11a, 802.11b and 802.11g devices), HomeRF (Home Radio Frequency) devices, Wi-Fi (Wireless Fidelity) devices, GPRS (General Packet Radio Service) devices, 3G cellular devices, 2.5G cellular devices, GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications) devices, EDGE (Enhanced Data for GSM Evolution) devices, TDMA type (Time Division Multiple Access) devices, or CDMA type (Code Division Multiple Access) devices, including CDMA2000.
  • MIDs Multiple Interface Devices
  • 802.11x devices IEEE 802.11 devices including, e.g., 802.11a, 802.11b and 802.11g devices
  • HomeRF Home Radio Frequency
  • Wi-Fi Wireless Fidelity
  • GPRS General Packet Radio Service
  • 3G cellular devices 2.5G cellular devices
  • GSM Global System for
  • Each network device may contain addresses of varying types including but not limited to an IP address, a Bluetooth Device Address, a Bluetooth Common Name, a Bluetooth IP address, a Bluetooth IP Common Name, an 802.11 IP Address, an 802.11 IP common Name, or an IEEE MAC address.
  • Wireless networks can also involve methods and protocols found in, e.g., Mobile IP (Internet Protocol) systems, in PCS systems, and in other mobile network systems. With respect to Mobile IP, this involves a standard communications protocol created by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). With Mobile IP, mobile device users can move across networks while maintaining their IP Address assigned once. See Request for Comments (RFC) 3344.
  • NB RFCs are formal documents of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF).
  • Mobile IP enhances Internet Protocol (IP) and adds means to forward Internet traffic to mobile devices when connecting outside their home network. Mobile IP assigns each mobile node a home address on its home network and a care-of-address (CoA) that identifies the current location of the device within a network and its subnets.
  • IP Internet Protocol
  • CoA care-of-address
  • a mobility agent on the home network can associate each home address with its care-of address.
  • the mobile node can send the home agent a binding update each time it changes its care-of address using, e.g., Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP).
  • ICMP Internet Control Message Protocol
  • node In basic IP routing (i.e. outside mobile IP), typically, routing mechanisms rely on the assumptions that each network node always has a constant attachment point to, e.g., the Internet and that each node's IP address identifies the network link it is attached to.
  • the terminology "node” includes a connection point, which can include, e.g., a redistribution point or an end point for data transmissions, and which can recognize, process and/or forward communications to other nodes.
  • Internet routers can look at, e.g., an IP address prefix or the like identifying a device's network. Then, at a network level, routers can look at, e.g., a set of bits identifying a particular subnet.
  • routers can look at, e.g., a set of bits identifying a particular device.
  • a user disconnects a mobile device from, e.g., the Internet and tries to reconnect it at a new subnet, then the device has to be reconfigured with a new IP address, a proper netmask and a default router. Otherwise, routing protocols would not be able to deliver the packets properly.
  • network discovery can relate to, e.g., the discovery of information that the mobile station uses to access a network, such as, by way of example, a network attachment point identification (e.g., an L2 address and/or a geographical address of an access point), a MAC type (e.g., "IEEE 802.11g") of an access point, a security type (e.g., "WPA” or "PANA and IPsec”) supported by an access point, a layer-3 type (e.g., "IPv4 only” or “IPv4/v6 dual stack"), a provider name, or the addresses of a server or an agent (e.g., PANA authentication agents, access routers, SIP servers and Mobile IP home agents).
  • a network attachment point identification e.g., an L2 address and/or a geographical address of an access point
  • a MAC type e.g., "IEEE 802.11g”
  • security type e.g., "WPA” or "PANA and IPsec
  • the prior art document EP 1 507 362 A1 discloses an information processing apparatus and program for wireless device discovery and display.
  • the apparatus comprises a wireless communication unit which discovers wireless devices existing in the surroundings, and a display unit which displays a list of wireless devices discovered by the wireless communication unit as selectable objects in which display icons of the objects are based on radio intensities of the discovered wireless devices.
  • a portable personal computer service serves as wireless communication unit and is provided with utility programs.
  • a communication control program manages communication control of the computer and has a function of registering and storing network setting environments at respective usage places whose communication environments, such as, for example, a user's own home or an office, are different from on another, as communication profiles.
  • the communication control program also has a function of automatically network setting with respect to the better communication environment by using such a communication profile.
  • the communication control program is capable of storing and managing the number of discoveries of respective WLAN access point which can be communicated with.
  • the preamble part of claim 1 may be read on the disclosure of this prior art document.
  • the prior art document US 2002/0059453 A1 discloses a method and system in a heterogeneous environment, capable of locating at least one optimal access area or point for supporting one or more access technologies requested by the user.
  • the determination of the optimal access areas or points is based in part on the location of the device, specified user preferences, service/application requirements and the capabilities of available access network connections.
  • the optimal access points, and alternative options are mapped in accordance with the resulting location, combined requirements and service/application requirements of the communication device.
  • mapping and other information/communication related to the access points are provided to the communication device for action by the user.
  • the mapping may be performed in the communication device or within a second device within the network.
  • the preamble part of claim 1 may also be read on the disclosure of this prior art document.
  • EP 1 307 003 A2 discloses a parameter setting system for setting a group of parameters required when a personal computer is connected by the use of a WLAN to an object network provided with an access point for the WLAN.
  • a communication system in which a mobile terminal communicates with a home agent by way of a cellular communication network and a WLAN.
  • a processor of the communication system is in communication with the home agent and the cellular communication network.
  • the mobile terminal communicates with the home agent via the cellular communication network and the processor receives hand-over history information of the mobile terminal from the cellular communication network.
  • the processor predicts when the mobile terminal will enter an area covered by a WLAN and pre-register the mobile terminal with the WLAN, so that when the mobile terminal enters the WLAN covered area the mobile terminal can immediately start receiving information from the WLAN.
  • the invention provides the method as defined in method claim 1.
  • the mobile station for updating cell global identity-CGI-data, sends a dummy SMS message. Accordingly, the mobile station can at any time obtain updates on CGI.
  • the preferred embodiments of the present invention can significantly improve upon existing methods and/or apparatuses.
  • the preferred embodiments relate to new methods for a mobile station (MS) to autonomously discover the existence of networks and information regarding the networks.
  • MS mobile station
  • the MS functions without assistance from other MSs or from network information servers.
  • the information acquired by autonomous discovery is used to support proactive handover actions.
  • a mobile station autonomously discovers the existence of networks and data regarding the networks in a cellular network.
  • data is acquired from at least one a target network, and most typically, from a plurality of target networks.
  • a list of acquired target networks is generated and is retained upon exiting said cellular cell area.
  • list encompasses not only the illustrated and described exemplary tables herein, but any manner of maintaining data, which can include, e.g., any form of digital or computer storage or memory, any format of storage, such as, e.g., within tables, spreadsheets, relational databases and/or any other arrangement of data storage.
  • the acquired data from the list is used to determine which networks are within the cell area.
  • the list is populated with data from the plurality of WLANs.
  • the most suitable WLAN can be selected from the list of a plurality of WLANs, based on predetermined criteria.
  • the data acquired by autonomous discovery is preferably used to support proactive handover actions.
  • the method of supporting proactive handover can include the steps of selecting the most suitable WLAN from said list of a plurality of WLANs, based on predetermined criteria.
  • the method can include the step of performing pre-authentication with the target network.
  • the method can include the step of obtaining a local IP address from a target network upon entering into said cell area.
  • the list of known networks can be mapped with location data received from the cellular network.
  • data upon entering into a subsequent cellular cell area, data is acquired from at least one a target network within the subsequent cell area.
  • a list of acquired target networks within the subsequent cell area is maintained and retained said list upon exiting the subsequent cellular cell area, such that the list comprises data from a plurality of different cell areas.
  • the mobile station performs proactive handover actions of a selected candidate network.
  • the pro-active handover can include the steps of anticipating the need for a handover, selecting the most suitable network from the list of acquired target networks, based on predetermined criteria using of available data from said list, and thereafter handing over to a selected candidate network when the need arises to handover from one network to another network.
  • WLAN broadcasts are monitored and parameters mapped with LAI and CGI are stored in the list.
  • the stored data in the list can include signal strength and time of acquisition.
  • the method can include the steps of:
  • the embodiment can further comprise the steps of a user of said mobile station selecting priority parameters for the selection of a candidate network from the available candidate networks, and storing in said mobile station, the user's selected priority parameters.
  • data in said list is sorted based on the user's preferred selection criteria and priority selection weights are assigned to the sorted data such that preferred selection criteria data has greater selection weights than non-preferred selected criteria data.
  • the embodiment can include the step of selecting an SSID based on the user's selected priority parameters.
  • heterogeneous networks can include, e.g., different networks or networks having one or more dissimilarities.
  • Achieving seamless integration of heterogeneous wireless networks requires capabilities to support seamless handover and mobility management to enable ubiquitous services across heterogeneous Radio Access Technologies (RATs).
  • RATs Radio Access Technologies
  • a system should preferably have the following notable capabilities:
  • a MS with multiple radio network interfaces, such as a wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) interface and a cellular network interface (such as, e.g., GPRS, cdma2000, GSM), a geographical region that is covered by cellular services and WLANs are also available in the region.
  • WLANs may not cover the entire region, but their coverage areas can overlap.
  • GPRS Global System for Mobile communications
  • cdma2000 GSM
  • GSM Global System for Mobile communications
  • the MS establishes and maintains a list of available networks, referred to as the "Known Networks".
  • the MS learns about the existence of the network and other information about the network that the mobile can use to prioritize the networks.
  • the MS uses the information available to it from its cellular network interface to help determine the locations of its Known Networks. This enables the MS to know, for example, which WLANs are inside a cell of the cellular network.
  • the mobile maintains the list of the Known Networks mapped with the location information received from the cellular network and retains it even after it leaves these networks. This enables the MS to use the information to determine where these networks are when the mobile comes back to the neighborhood in the future.
  • Pro-active handover refers to the use of available data in a pre-selection, in preparation for a handover. In a pro-active handover, there is preparation for the need for a handover and a pre-selection, as compared to processing handover determinations after the need arises.
  • the pro-active handover actions include acquiring a local IP address from, or performing pre-authentication with, the target network.
  • the autonomous discovery mechanism uses the Location Areas and their identifiers provided by, e.g., a cellular network or Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN). These include the Location Area Identity (LAI) and Cell Global Identity (CGI), which are internationally unique.
  • LAMN Public Land Mobile Network
  • LAI Location Area Identity
  • CGI Cell Global Identity
  • the location parameters are preferably broadcast on a Broadcast Control Channel (BCC or BCCH) in a cellular network and are used by the MS's cellular network interface for mobility management in the cellular network.
  • BCC Broadcast Control Channel
  • the downlink channel contains specific parameters needed by a mobile in order that it can identify the network and gain access to it. Typical information includes the LAC (Location Area Code) and RAC (Routing Area Code), the MNC (Mobile Network Code) and BA (BCCH Allocation) list.
  • the Subscriber Identity Module in the MS stores these parameters and updates them periodically as the MS traverses the cells of a cellular network.
  • the Subscriber Identity Module is abbreviated as "SIM”.
  • a Universal Subscriber Identity Module (USIM) card can involve a multi-application chip card that supports multiple telecommunication applications, such as, e.g., both the internationally standardized W-CDMA format and the GSM format.
  • a GSM format mobile phone may use an IC chip-embedded removable card called a SIM Card, which can, e.g., contains various information required for mobile communication, such as, e.g., the mobile phone's number, and allows the same phone number to be used seamlessly in any region that's covered by the GSM network
  • a USIM card can include an upgraded SIM card that is also compatible with the W-CDMA world standard.
  • the computer chip inside the MS stores phone numbers, address book and other information.
  • the abbreviation "(U)SIM" is inclusive of USIM, ISIM and SIM.
  • the (U)SIM which is specific to the cellular network, also stores user subscription data for identifying a user to network, and as previously noted, users' personal information, such the user's phone book, etc.
  • the network discovery software in the MS retrieves LAI and CGI from the (U)SIM and makes use of them.
  • the LAI stored on (U)SIM is periodically compared with that of the recent broadcast on BCCH and any change of Location Area initiates a location update request to the network.
  • a Location Area may be a large geographical area.
  • a Location Area 10 typically involves multiple cells 20.
  • MSC Mobile Switching Center
  • VLR Visitor Location Register
  • each cell 20 is identified by an identification number called Cell Global identity (CGI).
  • CGI is comprised of Location Area Code and Cell Identity.
  • CGI CC + MNC + LAC + Cell ID.
  • CGI is also stored on (U)SIM, but updated when the mobile is in active mode.
  • WLANs can be, in some examples, operating in the geographical area covered by a single cellular cell.
  • These WLANs broadcast their identifiers, for example, the Service Set IDs (SSIDs) that uniquely identify each Access Point in a WLAN.
  • SSIDs Service Set IDs
  • a MS that is capable of listening to these broadcast/parameters, can retrieve additional information such as Realm Part, Signal Strength, etc., from the SSIDs, in addition to information about the WLANs.
  • an algorithm of the present invention listens to the WLAN broadcasts and stores the parameters, exclusively mapped with LAI and CGI along with signal strength and time stamp.
  • the present invention can be configured to perform at least some of the following main functions:
  • An LA is often a large physical area (as, for example, several miles in diameter), and, for example, hundreds of WLANs may exist in that trajectory.
  • a Cell is typically a much smaller area (such as, e.g., few hundred yards in dense urban areas, around 3 miles in less dense urban areas and around 10 miles in rural areas or highways passing through rural areas), and fewer WLANs will fall in the trajectory of a cell.
  • the smaller cell area makes CGI attractive for keeping track of the WLAN locations.
  • a MS receives periodic updates on LAI from the cellular network regardless of the mode it operates in, but only receives updates on CGI when it is in either Active mode (communicating) or Awake Mode (receiving short messages from the network).
  • SMS refers to short message service, and includes sending small text messages to cell phones.
  • the access to a WLAN could, e.g., be free or based on service subscriptions with an Internet Service Provider (ISP) or a Cellular Service Provider (CSP).
  • ISP Internet Service Provider
  • CSP Cellular Service Provider
  • a CSP is also commonly referred to as a PLMN Operator.
  • User authentication with an ISP usually requires username and password.
  • User authentication with a PLMN Operator may be done by, e.g., a (U)SIM on the MS or the like without a human user's intervention.
  • the MS has a subscription with a PLMN Operator so that it can use the cellular network, and, therefore, the MS is equipped with a (U)SIM card.
  • the PLMN Operator also provides WLANs
  • the user's PLMN subscription may also allow the user to access the WLANs offered by the PLMN Operator.
  • the MS may also have service subscription with an ISP for using other WLANs.
  • selection of a WLAN will be described.
  • selection of a WLAN may be based on user's preferences.
  • the User's preferences may vary from user to user or from time to time even for the same user.
  • One such selection criterion is to prefer a WLAN that is capable of interworking with cellular and also have a roaming agreement with the user's home cellular network.
  • FIG. 2 a cell C of a cellular system is shown in which a mobile station WLAN MS is located which may communicate with at least some of four WLANs (WLAN-1, WLAN-2, WLAN-3, and WLAN-4) that are operating within the cell C.
  • FIG. 2 depicts a 3G-WLAN interworking model, including illustrative 3G PLMN networks, 3G PLMN-1, 3G PLMN-2, 3G PLMN-3 and 3G PLMN-4. From the administration point of view, these four WLANs may be owned by a variety of entities, such as, by way of example only:
  • the WLANs illustrated in FIG. 2 may support, among other things, either:
  • a PLMN may be a Home PLMN (HPLMN) or Visited PLMN (VPLMN).
  • HPLMN is the network in which the subscribers' profile is held
  • VPLMN Visited PLMN
  • Subscribers roaming to other networks will receive subscription information from the HPLMN.
  • each WLAN broadcasts a Service Set Identifier (SSID) that serves as a WLAN identifier.
  • SSID Service Set Identifier
  • the MS shown in FIG. 2 can receive signals from four WLANs.
  • PLMN-1 is the HPLMN of MS. If selection criteria mandates to pick the WLAN which is capable of interworking with cellular and also have a direct or indirect roaming agreement with his home cellular network, the first preference is to select WLAN-1 because it is capable of interworking and also has direct agreement with HPLMN (without involving any roaming partner or intermediary). In the absence of this choice, the second preference should be to select WLAN-4 because it is capable of interworking and also it has roaming agreement with HPLMN (even though indirect through PLMN-3).
  • connection line between 3G PLMN-1 and 3G-PLMN-3 in FIG. 2 this is shown by the connection line between 3G PLMN-1 and 3G-PLMN-3 in FIG. 2 . It should preferably not select WLAN-3 as it does not have direct or indirect roaming relation with HPLMN. In this example, this is shown by no connection line between 3G PLMN-1 and 3G-PLMN-2 in FIG. 2 . Also, WLAN-2 should not be selected since it is neither capable of interworking, nor offer direct/indirect roaming with the HPLMN.
  • This selection criterion is further described in Flow Diagram-A of FIG. 3 .
  • the sorting processor may either return a message that "No Network Meets the Specific Criterion" or may select a WLAN according to the next preference criterion (Security, Cost, Performance, etc.). These are discussed further below in this document.
  • SSID can have two different types of formats in some embodiments: a) a legacy type; and b) an advanced type, such as, e.g. (WLAN_NAME:PLMN:MCC:MNC). See, for example, the following document "3GPP PLMN Selection for 802.11 Type of WLAN” 3GPP T-doc-S2-031430. The disclosure of which is incorporated here by reference in its entirety, as though recited in full. From the advanced SSID, the MS can easily find if:
  • the MS sends a Decorated NAI in the Type-Data field of the "EAP-Identity Response" asking the WLAN if it supports his HPLMN or its preferred roaming partner, and in turn gets the answer in the "EAP-Identity Request” message.
  • the MS Upon receipt of the information, the MS then may select a preferred WLAN or store the information received for future use.
  • the MS sends a simple query probe and in response receives XML metadata including information about the PLMNs interworking with this WLAN.
  • This embodiment of the invention requires continually probing for each SSID. This might be burdensome from the power consumption point of view, in addition to adding extra delays.
  • the MS preferably probes networks only until the predetermined minimum battery condition is reached.
  • this figure demonstrates illustrative functionality that can be implemented by the mobile device (note: all functionality of the mobile device may be implemented in software, hardware, firmware and/or the like as appropriate or desired under the circumstances) in the retrieving of parameters, e.g., for populating a table or the like as shown in FIG. 5 without requiring a connection to any network.
  • the system starts with a check for an active session.
  • a determination is made if a session is on. If the answer is yes, at step 325, the process gets both LAI and an updated CGI from (U)SIM by sending a dummy SMS to itself, and then listens to SSIDs and picks one in step 340. If the answer is no, at step 330, the process gets the LAI from the (U)SIM, and then listens to SSIDs and picks one in step 340. Then, at step 350 a determination is made if the SSID belongs to format type-1. If the answer is no, then the MS sends a probe and gets the SSID at step 355.
  • step 350 or 355 upon acquiring the SSID a decision is made at 360 if such is already in the database. If the answer is yes, the system returns to step 340 to again listen to SSIDs and pick one. Otherwise, if the answer is no, the process proceeds to step 370, at which point a decision is made, in some preferred embodiments, as to whether the SSID belongs to the Home PLMN. If the answer is yes, then the process goes to step 375 and stores the SSID and retrieves parameters in Category A of Table-1 shown in FIG. 5 after mapping with LAI and CGI.
  • step 380 a decision is made, in some preferred embodiments, as to whether the SSID belongs to the Home PLMN's roaming partners. If the answer is yes, then the process goes to step 385 and stores the SSID and retrieves parameters in Category B of Table-1 shown in FIG. 5 after mapping with LAI and CGI. Otherwise, if the answer is no, then the process proceeds to step 386 and stores the SSID and retrieves parameters in Category C of Table-1 shown in FIG. 5 after mapping with LAI and CGI. At which point, an evaluation of the battery power remaining is made at step 390.
  • step 400 If there is less than a threshold level (such as, e.g., 75% in the example), then the process proceeds to confirm by step 400 if the user's preference criteria may have changed, and, if so, a trigger is sent to the sorting unit at step 410, and, if not, the process proceeds to stop. On the other hand, if the battery power is above the threshold (e.g., over 75%), then the system proceeds back to step 310.
  • a threshold level such as, e.g., 75% in the example
  • FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 show a network environment, generalized for WLAN and cellular networks, other types of networks and other interworking can also be employed in other embodiments.
  • the networks providing location information can include in some embodiments any appropriate network having cell areas (i.e., geographical areas).
  • cell areas i.e., geographical areas.
  • other network selection criteria based on, for example, Pricing, Performance, and Security, may also be used.
  • the network information collected over time is preferably stored in any appropriate format.
  • An example of a table or list populated with data is shown in FIG. 5 .
  • the table stores network parameters mapped with LAI and CGI.
  • the columns are constructed based on predetermined criterion.
  • a column designated as “Category A” evaluates and prioritizes the available WLANs in a given CGI based on "WLAN-PLMN interworking" criterion.
  • the column designated as “Category B” evaluates and prioritizes the available WLANs in a given CGI based on "WLAN-PLMN Direct Roaming Agreement" criterion.
  • the column titled “Category C” evaluates and prioritizes the available WLANs in a given CGI based on "WLAN-PLMN Indirect Roaming Agreement” criterion. In some preferred embodiments, these columns are filled in according to an algorithm illustrated in Flow Diagram 1 shown in FIG. 3 .
  • the information about performance parameters can be collected, and a log of network behavior and performance when a MS fully connects to the network, can be generated.
  • this figure explains, e.g., an algorithm for getting information on these parameters and populating columns designated as D, E, and F of the sample Table shown in FIG. 5 .
  • Columns designated as “Category D”, “Category E”, and “Category F” evaluate and prioritize the available WLANs in a given CGI based on "Security”, “Performance”, and “Cost” criteria, respectively.
  • the process can get both the LAI and the CGI from the (U)SIM card.
  • the process can pick the prioritized SSID from a sorted Table or the like (such as, e.g., shown in FIG. 5 ), then the mobile device can log into the network using that SSID as shown at step 430.
  • the mobile device can use the network. Then, based on such usage, additional information can be obtained.
  • the system can preferably obtain performance related parameters (such as, e.g., Signal to Noise Ration (SNR), Signal Strength, etc.), and, then, the process can go to step 455 to store and update information in Category D of Table 1 after mapping with LAI and CGI.
  • performance related parameters such as, e.g., Signal to Noise Ration (SNR), Signal Strength, etc.
  • security related parameters such as, e.g., Open Access Control, Universal Access Control, 802.1X Access Control, etc.
  • the system can preferably obtain cost related parameters (such as, e.g., Free, Cost Per Minute, etc.), and, then, the process can go to step 475 to store and update information in Category F of Table 1 after mapping with LAI and CGI.
  • cost related parameters such as, e.g., Free, Cost Per Minute, etc.
  • a sorting mechanism that can sort the columns of the sample table based on user's preferred selection criteria can be employed. For example, if a user prefers to always connect to the most secure network, the sorting mechanism can prioritize the available networks by sorting column D and picking the SSID that has a greater weight in Column D, disregarding other columns.
  • the SSID selection can be based on a single selection parameter (e.g., Security only), a double selection of parameters (e.g., Security and interworking), or on more selection parameters (e.g., Security, Performance and interworking).
  • the columns of the sample table can be sorted based on simple (one selection parameter) or complex (combination of several parameters) methods.
  • user preferences can be input by a user through a User Interface (e.g., user entry via a graphical user interface, keyboard or the like) or an Application Interface (API) (e.g., computer entry via a software application or the like). They can also be preconfigured by the operator into the terminal or the USIM or the like.
  • a User Interface e.g., user entry via a graphical user interface, keyboard or the like
  • API Application Interface
  • the mobile device is preferably be able to use the learned information to perform the following processing before it needs to handoff from one network to another, as for example a) cellular to WLAN, or b) one WLAN to another: a) detect the available networks; and b) perform authentication procedures.
  • the MS can look at its current LAI/ CGI, use it as the index to look up a table, such as shown in FIG. 5 , to quickly select one preferred candidate network from the list of networks stored in the table (priority-wise and mapped with LAI and CGI), and attach to the selected network promptly.
  • a MS may know more about some WLANs than other WLANs at any given time. For example, the MS may have learned about a WLAN X from only the radio beacons received from the WLAN X, but may have never used the WLAN X and hence not have any upper layer information on, and experience with, the WLAN X. On the other hand, after using a WLAN Y, the MS can learn more about WLAN Y than WLAN X. However, the WLAN X may be a much better choice for the user in some examples.
  • a process of change governed by probabilities can be employed.
  • a weight is assigned to each known WLAN.
  • the weight assigned to a WLAN reflects the "goodness" of the WLAN for satisfying the user's requirements and preferences, based on the information the MS collected about the WLAN so far. The better the WLAN, the higher the weight assigned.
  • the MS acquires new information about a WLAN, it uses the new information to adjust the weight assigned to the WLAN. For example, if the MS just used the WLAN and found out that the quality of services (QoS) over the WLAN dropped significantly compared with the QoS when the MS used the WLAN last time, then the MS will reduce the weight assigned to the WLAN.
  • QoS quality of services
  • FIG. 5 illustrates that data or information can be stored within the mobile station (such as, e.g., within a database, digital data storage or the like) which can be depicted, for illustrative purposes, in the form of a Table as shown in some illustrative examples, which data can include SSID information mapped to (e.g., corresponded or correlated to) location information (e.g., LAI and/or CGI information as shown).
  • SSID information mapped to (e.g., corresponded or correlated to) location information (e.g., LAI and/or CGI information as shown).
  • the data can include a variety of Categories of data, some of which data may be available for some and not other networks at any given time (as discussed above).
  • the data can include data obtained, in the preferred embodiments, from one of two (preferably both) processes -- i.e., a process of obtaining information without convection to a network (such as, e.g., shown in FIG. 3 in which the mobile device listens to broadcasts of SSIDs or the like), and a process of obtaining information during connection to a network (such as, e.g., shown in FIG. 4 in which the mobile device actually picks a network and attaches to it and obtains additional information based on use of that network.
  • a process of obtaining information without convection to a network such as, e.g., shown in FIG. 3 in which the mobile device listens to broadcasts of SSIDs or the like
  • a process of obtaining information during connection to a network such as, e.g., shown in FIG. 4 in which
  • FIG. 5 also depicts a user input (which can be via a keyboard, user interface or the like) or which can be via an API as shown in FIG. 5 which input is used by a processor for sorting the table according to user preference as schematically indicated in FIG. 5 .
  • a user input which can be via a keyboard, user interface or the like
  • an API as shown in FIG. 5 which input is used by a processor for sorting the table according to user preference as schematically indicated in FIG. 5 .
  • the methodologies for selection can be varied based on user preferences in some preferred embodiments of the invention.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Signal Processing (AREA)
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  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
  • Data Exchanges In Wide-Area Networks (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne, dans certains modes de réalisation, un procédé pour détecter et utiliser au moyen d'un dispositif mobile des réseaux sans fil cibles qui se trouvent au moins partiellement à l'intérieur d'une zone de couverture d'un autre réseau sans fil fournissant une information relative à une localisation. Le procédé consiste à obtenir des données d'une pluralité de réseaux sans fil cibles, à obtenir une information relative à une localisation de l'autre réseau sans fil, à mapper les données de la pluralité de réseaux sans fil cibles avec l'information relative à la localisation et à sélectionner un réseau parmi la pluralité de réseaux sans fil cibles sur la base des données ainsi mappées.

Claims (16)

  1. Procédé de découverte autonome, par une station mobile (MS, WLAN MS), de réseaux cibles (WLAN-1, WLAN-2, WLAN-3, WLAN-4) et de données connexes aux réseaux cibles (WLAN-1, WLAN-2, WLAN-3, WLAN-4) au sein d'un réseau hétérogène présentant des zones de cellule sans fil (20, C), ledit procédé étant mis en oeuvre par la station mobile (MS, WLAN MS) et comprenant les étapes ci-dessous consistant à :
    après être entré dans une zone de cellule (20, C), acquérir des données (450, 460, 470) provenant d'au moins un réseau cible (WLAN-1, WLAN-2, WLAN-3, WLAN-4) ;
    mettre en concordance lesdites données relativement à la zone de cellule (20, C) ; et
    stocker (375, 385, 386) une liste desdites données mises en concordance en vue d'une rétention de données qui se poursuit y compris à l'issue du départ de la zone de cellule (20, C) ;
    caractérisé par l'étape ci-dessous consistant à :
    mettre à jour des données d'identité globale de cellule, CGI, en envoyant un message SMS fictif (325).
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, comprenant en outre l'étape consistant à utiliser les données de ladite liste afin de déterminer où se situent les réseaux cibles (WLAN-1, WLAN-2, WLAN-3, WLAN-4) lorsque ladite station mobile (MS, WLAN MS) revient dans ladite zone de cellule (20, C).
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1, dans lequel en outre ladite zone de cellule (20, C) présente une pluralité de réseaux WLAN (WLAN-1, WLAN-2, WLAN-3, WLAN-4) et ladite liste est remplie de données provenant de ladite pluralité de réseaux WLAN (WLAN-1, WLAN-2, WLAN-3, WLAN-4).
  4. Procédé selon la revendication 3, comprenant en outre l'étape consistant à sélectionner le réseau WLAN le plus approprié à partir de ladite liste présentant une pluralité de réseaux WLAN (WLAN-1, WLAN-2, WLAN-3, WLAN-4).
  5. Procédé selon la revendication 1, comprenant en outre l'étape consistant à mettre en oeuvre une authentification préalable avec le réseau cible.
  6. Procédé selon la revendication 1, comprenant en outre l'étape consistant à obtenir une adresse IP locale à partir d'un réseau cible lors de l'entrée dans ladite zone de cellule (20, C).
  7. Procédé selon la revendication 1, comprenant en outre l'étape consistant à utiliser lesdites données acquises par la découverte autonome en vue de prendre en charge des actions de transfert intercellulaire proactives, et à sélectionner le réseau WLAN le plus approprié à partir de ladite liste de réseaux cibles acquis (WLAN-1, WLAN-2, WLAN-3, WLAN-4).
  8. Procédé selon la revendication 1, dans lequel il existe en outre une pluralité de réseaux WLAN (WLAN-1, WLAN-2, WLAN-3, WLAN-4) au sein de ladite zone de cellule (20, C), et dans lequel ladite liste de réseaux connus est mise en concordance avec les données de localisation reçues à partir dudit réseau présentant des zones de cellule sans fil (20, C).
  9. Procédé selon la revendication 1, comprenant en outre les étapes consistant à entrer dans une zone de cellule subséquente (20), acquérir des données à partir d'au moins un réseau cible au sein de ladite zone de cellule subséquente (20) ;
    maintenir une liste de réseaux cibles acquis au sein de ladite zone de cellule subséquente (20) ; et
    conserver ladite liste au départ de ladite zone de cellule subséquente (20), moyennant quoi ladite liste comprend les données en provenance d'une pluralité de zones de cellule (20, C).
  10. Procédé selon la revendication 9, dans lequel ladite station mobile (MS, WLAN MS) met en oeuvre des actions de transfert intercellulaire proactives avec un réseau candidat sélectionné, et le procédé comporte les étapes consistant à anticiper la nécessité d'un transfert intercellulaire, sélectionner le réseau le plus approprié à partir de ladite liste de réseaux cibles acquis, sur la base de critères prédéterminés utilisant les données disponibles de ladite liste, et mettre en oeuvre ensuite un transfert intercellulaire vers ledit réseau candidat sélectionné selon les besoins.
  11. Procédé selon la revendication 1, comprenant en outre l'étape consistant à surveiller des diffusions de réseau WLAN et à stocker des paramètres mis en concordance avec une identité de zone d'emplacement, LAI, et/ou une identité globale de cellule, CGI, dans ladite liste (375, 385, 386).
  12. Procédé selon la revendication 1, dans lequel en outre lesdites données acquises incluent la force du signal et l'instant d'acquisition.
  13. Procédé selon la revendication 1, comprenant en outre les étapes consistant à :
    a) enregistrer un historique récent des mouvements de ladite station mobile ;
    b) enregistrer les réseaux WLAN traversés dans le modèle de mouvement, d'une première zone de cellule (20, C) à des zones de cellule subséquentes (20) ;
    c) stocker des données connexes aux réseaux WLAN enregistrés, spécifiquement mises en concordance avec une identité de zone d'emplacement, LAI, et/ou une identité globale de cellule, CGI, (375, 385, 386) ;
    d) sélectionner de manière descendante le réseau candidat le plus approprié ;
    e) acquérir une adresse IP locale à partir dudit réseau candidat sélectionné de manière descendante le plus approprié ;
    f) mettre en oeuvre une authentification préalable avec ledit réseau sélectionné ;
    g) rendre ledit réseau sélectionné disponible pour un transfert intercellulaire éventuel ; et
    h) enregistrer un journal de performances des réseaux utilisés.
  14. Procédé selon la revendication 13, comprenant en outre les étapes consistant à sélectionner, par le biais d'un utilisateur de ladite station mobile (MS, WLAN MS), des paramètres de priorité pour la sélection d'un réseau candidat parmi les réseaux candidats disponibles, et stocker dans ladite station mobile (MS, WLAN MS) lesdits paramètres de priorité sélectionnés par l'utilisateur.
  15. Procédé selon la revendication 14, comprenant en outre les étapes consistant à trier des données dans ladite liste, sur la base de critères de sélection préférés par l'utilisateur, et à affecter des pondérations de sélection prioritaire aux données triées, de sorte que les données de critères de sélection préférés présentent des pondérations de sélection plus élevées que les données de critères de sélection non préférés.
  16. Procédé selon la revendication 15, comprenant en outre l'étape consistant à sélectionner une identification d'ensemble de services, SSID, sur la base de paramètres de priorité sélectionnés par l'utilisateur.
EP06731360A 2005-04-01 2006-03-31 Detection et reutilisation de reseau autonomes et heterogenes Expired - Fee Related EP1882347B1 (fr)

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US11/096,722 US7505433B2 (en) 2005-04-01 2005-04-01 Autonomous and heterogeneous network discovery and reuse
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EP1882347A1 (fr) 2008-01-30
WO2006107104A1 (fr) 2006-10-12
CA2597355A1 (fr) 2006-10-12
US7505433B2 (en) 2009-03-17
US20090219833A1 (en) 2009-09-03
US20060221901A1 (en) 2006-10-05
US8036192B2 (en) 2011-10-11
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CA2597355C (fr) 2014-05-13

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