EP1874115A1 - Suspensionskonzentrate auf ölbasis - Google Patents
Suspensionskonzentrate auf ölbasisInfo
- Publication number
- EP1874115A1 EP1874115A1 EP06724140A EP06724140A EP1874115A1 EP 1874115 A1 EP1874115 A1 EP 1874115A1 EP 06724140 A EP06724140 A EP 06724140A EP 06724140 A EP06724140 A EP 06724140A EP 1874115 A1 EP1874115 A1 EP 1874115A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- alkyl
- oil
- suspension
- insects
- formula
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000004546 suspension concentrate Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- -1 antifoams Substances 0.000 claims description 68
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002917 insecticide Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001473 noxious effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 48
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 22
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- 239000003905 agrochemical Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 23
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 21
- YWTYJOPNNQFBPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidacloprid Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)\N=C1/NCCN1CC1=CC=C(Cl)N=C1 YWTYJOPNNQFBPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 239000005906 Imidacloprid Substances 0.000 description 15
- 229940056881 imidacloprid Drugs 0.000 description 15
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 15
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 14
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 12
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 11
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-M oleate Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC([O-])=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-M 0.000 description 10
- 229940049964 oleate Drugs 0.000 description 10
- NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylhydroxytoluene Chemical group CC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229920001732 Lignosulfonate Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 235000019486 Sunflower oil Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 239000002600 sunflower oil Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 6
- 239000004205 dimethyl polysiloxane Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 6
- 229920000435 poly(dimethylsiloxane) Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 206010061217 Infestation Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 239000012868 active agrochemical ingredient Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 235000006708 antioxidants Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 4
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 4
- CFRPSFYHXJZSBI-DHZHZOJOSA-N (E)-nitenpyram Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)/C=C(\NC)N(CC)CC1=CC=C(Cl)N=C1 CFRPSFYHXJZSBI-DHZHZOJOSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HOKKPVIRMVDYPB-UVTDQMKNSA-N (Z)-thiacloprid Chemical compound C1=NC(Cl)=CC=C1CN1C(=N/C#N)/SCC1 HOKKPVIRMVDYPB-UVTDQMKNSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 240000002791 Brassica napus Species 0.000 description 3
- 125000000882 C2-C6 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000005940 Thiacloprid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000005941 Thiamethoxam Substances 0.000 description 3
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000000556 agonist Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- LLEMOWNGBBNAJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N biphenyl-2-ol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 LLEMOWNGBBNAJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 244000038559 crop plants Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- NYPJDWWKZLNGGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N fenvalerate Aalpha Natural products C=1C=C(Cl)C=CC=1C(C(C)C)C(=O)OC(C#N)C(C=1)=CC=CC=1OC1=CC=CC=C1 NYPJDWWKZLNGGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- JLYXXMFPNIAWKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane Natural products ClC1C(Cl)C(Cl)C(Cl)C(Cl)C1Cl JLYXXMFPNIAWKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229940079888 nitenpyram Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000035806 respiratory chain Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- NWWZPOKUUAIXIW-FLIBITNWSA-N thiamethoxam Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)\N=C/1N(C)COCN\1CC1=CN=C(Cl)S1 NWWZPOKUUAIXIW-FLIBITNWSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- ZCVAOQKBXKSDMS-PVAVHDDUSA-N (+)-trans-(S)-allethrin Chemical compound CC1(C)[C@H](C=C(C)C)[C@H]1C(=O)O[C@@H]1C(C)=C(CC=C)C(=O)C1 ZCVAOQKBXKSDMS-PVAVHDDUSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NMRPBPVERJPACX-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3S)-octan-3-ol Natural products CCCCCC(O)CC NMRPBPVERJPACX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WCXDHFDTOYPNIE-RIYZIHGNSA-N (E)-acetamiprid Chemical compound N#C/N=C(\C)N(C)CC1=CC=C(Cl)N=C1 WCXDHFDTOYPNIE-RIYZIHGNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PGOOBECODWQEAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-clothianidin Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)\N=C(/NC)NCC1=CN=C(Cl)S1 PGOOBECODWQEAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DELJNDWGTWHHFA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-azaniumylpropyl(hydroxy)phosphinate Chemical compound CCC(N)P(O)(O)=O DELJNDWGTWHHFA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YIWUKEYIRIRTPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)CO YIWUKEYIRIRTPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940044120 2-n-octyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one Drugs 0.000 description 2
- AVGVFDSUDIUXEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-octyl-1,2-thiazolidin-3-one Chemical compound CCCCCCCCN1SCCC1=O AVGVFDSUDIUXEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005875 Acetamiprid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 102000012440 Acetylcholinesterase Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108010022752 Acetylcholinesterase Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 244000291564 Allium cepa Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000002732 Allium cepa var. cepa Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000010591 Appio Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000011293 Brassica napus Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 240000007124 Brassica oleracea Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000003899 Brassica oleracea var acephala Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000011299 Brassica oleracea var botrytis Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000011301 Brassica oleracea var capitata Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 240000003259 Brassica oleracea var. botrytis Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000000540 Brassica rapa subsp rapa Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000004977 Brassica sinapistrum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000005885 Buprofezin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000003601 C2-C6 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 108010009685 Cholinergic Receptors Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 239000005888 Clothianidin Substances 0.000 description 2
- MDNWOSOZYLHTCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichlorophen Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1CC1=CC(Cl)=CC=C1O MDNWOSOZYLHTCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LBGPXIPGGRQBJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Difenzoquat Chemical compound C[N+]=1N(C)C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=CC=1C1=CC=CC=C1 LBGPXIPGGRQBJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000011430 Malus pumila Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000015103 Malus silvestris Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 244000070406 Malus silvestris Species 0.000 description 2
- LGDSHSYDSCRFAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isothiocyanate Chemical compound CN=C=S LGDSHSYDSCRFAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical compound CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000019484 Rapeseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 244000088415 Raphanus sativus Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000006140 Raphanus sativus var sativus Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- PXIPVTKHYLBLMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium azide Chemical compound [Na+].[N-]=[N+]=[N-] PXIPVTKHYLBLMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BUHNCQOJJZAOMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ZXI 8901 Chemical compound C=1C=C(OC(F)F)C=CC=1C(C(C)C)C(=O)OC(C#N)C(C=1)=CC=CC=1OC1=CC=C(Br)C=C1 BUHNCQOJJZAOMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FSAVDKDHPDSCTO-WQLSENKSSA-N [(z)-2-chloro-1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)ethenyl] diethyl phosphate Chemical compound CCOP(=O)(OCC)O\C(=C/Cl)C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1Cl FSAVDKDHPDSCTO-WQLSENKSSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000895 acaricidal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000642 acaricide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 102000034337 acetylcholine receptors Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 229940022698 acetylcholinesterase Drugs 0.000 description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-OVSJKPMPSA-N all-trans-retinol Chemical compound OC\C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-OVSJKPMPSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003899 bactericide agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 229960001901 bioallethrin Drugs 0.000 description 2
- VEMKTZHHVJILDY-UXHICEINSA-N bioresmethrin Chemical compound CC1(C)[C@H](C=C(C)C)[C@H]1C(=O)OCC1=COC(CC=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 VEMKTZHHVJILDY-UXHICEINSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PRLVTUNWOQKEAI-VKAVYKQESA-N buprofezin Chemical compound O=C1N(C(C)C)\C(=N\C(C)(C)C)SCN1C1=CC=CC=C1 PRLVTUNWOQKEAI-VKAVYKQESA-N 0.000 description 2
- KXRPCFINVWWFHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadusafos Chemical compound CCC(C)SP(=O)(OCC)SC(C)CC KXRPCFINVWWFHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- ULDHMXUKGWMISQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N carvone Chemical compound CC(=C)C1CC=C(C)C(=O)C1 ULDHMXUKGWMISQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 235000020971 citrus fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000007859 condensation product Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 229910000365 copper sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- KAATUXNTWXVJKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N cypermethrin Chemical compound CC1(C)C(C=C(Cl)Cl)C1C(=O)OC(C#N)C1=CC=CC(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 KAATUXNTWXVJKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960003887 dichlorophen Drugs 0.000 description 2
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- FBOUIAKEJMZPQG-BLXFFLACSA-N diniconazole-M Chemical compound C1=NC=NN1/C([C@H](O)C(C)(C)C)=C/C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1Cl FBOUIAKEJMZPQG-BLXFFLACSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 2
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- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing liquids as carriers, diluents or solvents
- A01N25/04—Dispersions, emulsions, suspoemulsions, suspension concentrates or gels
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/30—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests characterised by the surfactants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N51/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds having the sequences of atoms O—N—S, X—O—S, N—N—S, O—N—N or O-halogen, regardless of the number of bonds each atom has and with no atom of these sequences forming part of a heterocyclic ring
Definitions
- the present invention relates to novel, oil-based suspension concentrates of agrochemical active compounds, to a process for the preparation of these formulations and to their use for the application of the active substances contained.
- WO 03/000053 describes formulations of this type which, in addition to active ingredient and oil, also contain alkanol alkoxylates as penetration promoters.
- non-aqueous suspension concentrates are known from US Pat. No. 6,165,940, in which, apart from the agrochemical active ingredient, penetration promoter and surfactant or surfactant mixture, an organic solvent is present, paraffin oil or vegetable oil esters being suitable as such solvents ,
- an organic solvent is present, paraffin oil or vegetable oil esters being suitable as such solvents .
- the biological effectiveness and stability of spray liquors prepared from these formulations by dilution with water is not always sufficient.
- At least one insecticide from the series of neonicotinoids from the series of neonicotinoids
- R is branched or unbranched C 8 -C 8 -alkyl
- n is 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 or 15,
- R ' is hydrogen or C r C 5 alkyl
- E is CH 2 -CH 2
- suspension concentrates according to the invention can be prepared on an oil basis by
- At least one neonicotinoid insecticide at least one neonicotinoid insecticide
- R is branched or unbranched C 8 -C 5 -alkyl
- n is 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 or 15,
- R ' is hydrogen or C r C 6 alkyl
- E is CH 2 -CH 2
- additives from the groups of emulsifiers, antifoams, preservatives, antioxidants, dyes and / or inert fillers
- oil-based suspension concentrates according to the invention are very well suited for the application of the agrochemical active ingredients to plants and / or their habitat.
- oil-based suspension concentrates according to the invention have very good stability, although they do not give any thickener. hold. It is also unexpected that they show a significantly better biological effectiveness than the most similar compounded, previously known formulations. Incidentally, the oil-based suspension concentrates according to the invention surprisingly also exceed in their activity analogous preparations which, in addition to the other components, either contain only penetration promoters or only vegetable oil. Such a synergistic effect was unpredictable due to the above-described prior art.
- oil-based suspension concentrates according to the invention have a better biological activity than commercial formulations. It is well known that formulations of systemically active agents in which the active ingredient is in solution generally have better efficacy than those in which the active ingredients are dispersed as particulates, as is the case in the formulations of the present invention. The very rapid absorption of systemic active ingredients with the formulation according to the invention leads, for example, to independence from temperature and atmospheric humidity and improves rainfastness.
- the oil-based suspension concentrates according to the invention are also distinguished by a number of further advantages.
- their preparation is less expensive than the preparation of appropriate formulations in which thickening agents are present.
- a further advantage is that when diluting the concentrates according to the invention with water neither a significant creaming nor a disturbing flocculation occurs, which is often the case with corresponding prior art preparations.
- the formulations according to the invention favor the biological effectiveness of the active components contained, so that either a higher efficacy is achieved or less active ingredient is required in comparison to conventional preparations.
- Suitable active ingredients are insecticides from the series of neonicotinoids in question. These are outstandingly suitable for controlling animal pests (compare the cited documents).
- Insecticides from the series of neonicotinoids can be defined by the following formula (II)
- Het is a heterocycle selected from the following group of heterocycles: 2-chloropyrid-5-yl, 2-methylpyrid-5-yl, 1-oxido-3-pyridino, 2-chloro-1-oxido-5-pyridino, 2 , 3-dichloro-1-oxido-5-pyridino, tetrahydrofuran-3-yl, 5-methyl-tetrahydrofuran-3yl, 2-chlorothiazol-5-yl,
- A is methyl, N (R 1 XR 2 ) or S (R 2 ),
- R 1 is hydrogen, C r C 6 alkyl, phenyl-C r C 4 alkyl, C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl, C 2 -C 6 alkenyl or Q-C ⁇ alkynyl, and
- X is N-NO 2 , N-CN or CH-NO 2 ,
- EP-Al-192 606, EP-A2-580 533, EP-A2-376 279, EP-A2-235 725).
- a preferred compound used according to the invention is thiamethoxam.
- Another compound preferably used according to the invention is clothianidin.
- Clofhianidin has the formula
- Another compound which is preferably used according to the invention is thiacloprid.
- Another compound preferably used according to the invention is dinotefuran.
- Another compound preferably used according to the invention is acetamiprid.
- Acetamiprid has the formula
- Another compound preferably used according to the invention is nitenpyram.
- Nitenpyram has the formula
- Another compound preferably used according to the invention is imidacloprid.
- Imidacloprid has the formula
- Suitable penetration promoters in the present context are compounds of formula (I) described above.
- Preferred compounds of the formula (I) are those
- R is branched or unbranched C 1 -C 4] -alkyl
- R ' is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl, n-butyl, i-butyl, t-butyl, n-pentyl or n-hexyl, in particular hydrogen.
- the alkanol alkoxylates are generally defined by the above formula (I). These substances are mixtures of substances of the specified type with different chain lengths. For the indices, therefore, average values are calculated, which can also differ from whole numbers.
- the alkanol alkoxylates of the formulas given are known or can be prepared by known methods (cf., WO 98-35553, WO 00-35278 and EP-A 0 681 865).
- oils are all commonly used in agrochemical means, recoverable from plants oils in question. Examples include sunflower oil, rapeseed oil, olive oil, castor oil, rapeseed oil, corn kernel oil, cottonseed oil and soybean oil.
- the oil-based suspension concentrates according to the invention comprise at least one nonionic surfactant or dispersing assistant and / or at least one anionic surfactant or dispersing assistant.
- Suitable nonionic surfactants or dispersing agents are all substances of this type which can usually be used in agrochemical compositions. Preference is given to polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide block copolymers, polyethylene glycol ethers of linear alcohols, reaction products of fatty acids with ethylene oxide and / or propylene oxide, furthermore polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, copolymers of polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinylpyrrolidone and copolymers of (meth) acrylic acid and (meth) acrylic esters , furthermore alkyl ethoxylates and alkylaryl ethoxylates, which may optionally be phosphated and optionally neutralized with bases, wherein sorbitol ethoxylates may be mentioned by way of example, and polyoxyalkyleneamine derivatives.
- Suitable anionic surfactants are all substances of this type conventionally usable in agrochemical compositions. Preference is given to alkali metal and alkaline earth metal salts of alkyl sulfonic acids or alkylaryl sulfonic acids.
- anionic surfactants or dispersing agents are salts of polystyrenesulfonic acids which are sparingly soluble in vegetable oil, salts of polyvinylsulfonic acids, salts of naphthalenesulfonic acid-formaldehyde condensation products, salts of condensation products of naphthalenesulfonic acid, phenolsulfonic acid and formaldehyde, and salts of lignosulfonic acid.
- Suitable additives which may be present in the formulations according to the invention are emulsifiers, foam-inhibiting agents, preservatives, antioxidants, dyes and inert fillers.
- Preferred emulsifiers are ethoxylated nonylphenols, reaction products of alkylphenols with ethylene oxide and / or propylene oxide, ethoxylated arylalkylphenols, furthermore ethoxylated and propoxylated arylalkylphenols, and sulfated or phosphated arylalkyl ethoxylates or ethoxy-propoxylates, wherein sorbitan derivatives such as polyethylene oxide sorbitan fatty acid esters and sorbitan fatty acid esters are exemplified.
- Suitable foam-inhibiting substances are all substances customarily usable for this purpose in agrochemical compositions.
- Preferred are silicone oils and magnesium stearate.
- Suitable preservatives are all substances customarily usable for this purpose in agrochemical compositions of this type. Examples which may be mentioned are Preventol® (Bayer AG) and Proxel®.
- antioxidants are all commonly used for this purpose in agrochemical agents substances into consideration. Preference is butylhydroxytoluene.
- Suitable dyes are all substances customarily usable for this purpose in agrochemical compositions. Examples include titanium dioxide, carbon black, zinc oxide and blue pigments as well as permanent red FGR.
- Suitable inert fillers are all substances customarily usable for this purpose in agrochemical compositions which do not function as thickeners. Preference is given to inorganic particles, such as carbonates, silicates and oxides, as well as organic substances, such as urea-formaldehyde condensates. Examples include kaolin, rutile, silicon dioxide, so-called highly disperse silica, silica gels, and natural and synthetic silicates, as well as talc.
- the formulations according to the invention may contain at least one further active ingredient (insecticides, attractants, sterilants, bactericides, acaricides, nematicides, fungicides, growth-regulating substances or herbicides).
- the insecticides include, for example, phosphoric acid esters, carbamates, carboxylic esters, chlorinated hydrocarbons, phenylureas, microorganism-produced substances and the like.
- Particularly favorable mixing partners are e.g. the following:
- Inhibitors of mitosis and cell division Benomyl, Carbendazim, Diethofencarb, Fuberidazole, Pencycuron, Thiabendazole,, Thiophanate-methyl, Zoxamide
- Azoxystrobin Cyazofamide, Dimoxystrobin, Enestrobin, Famoxadone, Fenamidon, Fluoxastrobin, Kresoximethyl, Metominostrobin, Orysastrobin, Pyraclostrobin,
- Metconazole myclobutanil, paclobutrazole, penconazole, propiconazole, prothioconazole, simeconazole, tebuconazole, tetraconazole, triadimefon, triadimol, triticonazole, uniconazole, voriconazole, imazalil, hnazalilsulfat, oxpoconazole, fenarimol, flurprimidol, nuarimol, pyrifenox, triforin, pefurazoate, prochloraz, triflumizol, Viniconazol,
- bactericides Bronopol, dichlorophen, nitrapyrin, nickel dimethyldithiocarbamate, kasugamycin, octhilinone, furancarboxylic acid, oxytetracycline, probenazole, streptomycin, tecloftalam, copper sulfate and other copper preparations.
- Carbamates for example Alanycarb, Aldicarb, Aldoxycarb, Allyxycarb, Aminocarb, Bendiocarb, Benfuracarb, Bufencarb, Butacarb, Butocarboxim, Butoxycarboxim, Carbaryl, Carbofuran, Carbosulfan, Cloethocarb, Dimetilan, Ethiofencarb, Fenobucarb, Fenothiocarb, Formetanate, Furathiocarb, Isoprocarb, Metam-sodium, methiocarb, methomyl,
- Organophosphates for example acephates, azamethiphos, azinphos (-metllyl, -ethyl), bromophos-ethyl, bromfenvinfos (-methyl), butathiofos, cadusafos, carbophenothione, chloroethoxyfos,
- Chlorfenvinphos Chlormephos, Chlo ⁇ yrifos
- Pirimiphos (-methyl / -ethyl), Profenofos, Propaphos, Propetamphos, Prothiofos, Prothoate, Pyraclofos, Pyridaphenthion, Pyridathion, Quinalphos, Sebufos, Sulfotep, Sulprofos, Tebupirimfos, Temephos, Terbufos, Tetrachlorvinphos, Thiometon, Triazophos, Triclorfon, Vamidothion
- Pyrethroids for example acrinathrin, allethrin (d-cis-trans, d-trans), beta-cyfluthrin, bifenthrin, Bioallethrin, Bioallethrin S-cyclopentyl isomer, Bioethanomethrin, Biopermethrin, Bioresmethrin, Chlovaporthrin, Cis-Cypermethrin, Cis-Resmethrin, Cis-Permethrin, Clocythrin, Cycloprothrin, Cyfluthrin, Cyhalothrin, Cypermethrin (alpha-, beta-, theta-, zeta -), Cyphenothrin, Deltamethrin, Empenthrin (IR isomer), Esfenvalerate, Etofenprox, Fenfluthrin, Fenpropathrin, Fenpyrithrin, Fenvalerate, Flubrocy
- Flufenprox Flumethrin, Fluvalinate, Fubfenprox, Gamma-Cyhalothrin, Imiprothrin, Kadethrin, Lambda-Cyhalothrin, Metofluthrin, Permethrin (cis, trans), Phenothrin (IR trans isomer), Prallethrin, Profuthrin, Protrifenbute, Pyresmethrin, Resmethrin, RU 15525, Silafluofen, Tau-Fluvalinate, Tefluthrin, Terallethrin, Tetramethrin (-1R-isomer), Tralomethrin, Transfluthrin, ZXI 8901, Pyrethrins (pyrethrum)
- Oxadiazines for example Indoxacarb
- Chloronicotinyls for example acetamipride, clothianidin, dinoteruran, imidacloprid, nitenpyram, nithiazines, thiacloprid, thiamethoxam
- Acetylcholine receptor modulators are Acetylcholine receptor modulators
- Organochlorines for example, camphechlor, chlordane, endosulfan, gamma-HCH, HCH, heptachlor, lindane, methoxychlor
- Fiproles for example, acetoprole, ethiprole, fipronil, pyrafluprole, pyriprole, vaniliprole Chloride channel activators
- Mectins for example avermectin, emamectin, emamectin benzoate, ivermectin, milbemycin
- Juvenile hormone mimetics for example, diofenolan, epofenonans, fenoxycarb, hydroprene, kinoprene,
- Diacylhydrazines for example chromafenozide, Halofenozide, Methoxyfenozide, Tebufenozide
- Benzoylureas for example bistrifluron, chlorofluazuron, diflubenzuron, fluazuron, flucycloxuron, fenphenoxuron, hexaflumuron, lufenuron, novaluron, noviflumuron, penfluron, teflubenzuron, triflumuron
- Organozirin compounds for example azocyclotin, cyhexatin, fenbutatin oxides
- Dinitrophenols for example binapacyrl, dinobutone, dinocap, DNOC
- METI's for example fenazaquin, fenpyroximate, pyrimidifen, pyridaben, tebufenpyrad,
- Tetronic acids for example spirodiclofen, spiromesifen
- Tetramic acids for example spirotetramat
- Carboxamides for example flonicamide
- Octopaminergic agonists for example, amitraz
- Nereistoxin analogs for example thiocyclam hydrogen oxalate, thiosultap-sodium Agonists of the ryanodine receptor,
- Benzoic acid dicarboxamides for example flubendiamide
- Anthranilamides for example DPX E2Y45 (3-bromo-N- ⁇ 4-chloro-2-methyl-6-)
- Fumigants for example aluminum phosphides, methyl bromides, sulfuryl fluorides
- Food inhibitors for example Cryolite, Flonicamid, Pymetrozine
- Mite growth inhibitors for example clofentezine, etoxazole, hexythiazox
- the content of the individual components can be varied within a relatively wide range in the oil-based suspension concentrates according to the invention. That's how the concentrations are
- agrochemical active compounds in penetration promoters generally between 5 and 55 wt .-%, preferably between 15 and 40 wt .-%, particularly preferably between 15 and 30 wt .-%,
- vegetable oil in general, between 15 and 55% by weight, preferably between 20 and 50% by weight, particularly preferably between 25 and 40% by weight,
- surfactants or dispersants generally between 2.5 and 30 wt .-%, preferably between 5.0 and 25 wt .-% and, particularly preferably between 5 and 15 wt .-%,
- additives generally between 0 and 25 wt .-%, preferably between 0 and 20 wt .-%.
- the oil-based suspension concentrates according to the invention are prepared in such a way that the components are mixed together in the ratios desired in each case.
- the order in which the ingredients are mixed together is arbitrary. Conveniently, one uses the solid components in a finely ground state. However, it is also possible first to subject the suspension formed after mixing the constituents to a coarse and then to a fine grinding so that the mean particle size is less than 20 ⁇ m. Preference is given to suspension concentrates in which the solid particles have an average particle size of between 1 and 10 ⁇ m.
- the temperatures can be varied within a certain range when carrying out the process according to the invention. It is generally carried out at temperatures between 10 0 C and 60 0 C, preferably between 15 ° C and 40 0 C.
- customary mixing and grinding devices which are used for the production of agrochemical formulations are suitable.
- the oil-based suspension concentrates according to the invention are formulations which remain stable even after prolonged storage at elevated temperatures or in the cold, since no crystal growth is observed. They can be converted by dilution with water into homogeneous spray liquids. The application of these spray liquids by conventional methods, so for example by spraying, pouring or injecting.
- the application rate of the oil-based suspension concentrates according to the invention can be varied within a relatively wide range. It depends on the particular agrochemical active ingredients and their content in the formulations. With the aid of the oil-based suspension concentrates according to the invention, agrochemical active substances, in particular from the series of neonicotinoids, can be applied in a particularly advantageous manner to plants and / or their habitat.
- plants are understood as meaning all plants and plant populations, such as desired and undesired wild plants or crop plants (including naturally occurring crop plants).
- Crop plants can be plants which can be obtained by conventional breeding and optimization methods or by biotechnological and genetic engineering methods or combinations of these methods, including the transgenic plants and including the plant varieties which can or can not be protected by plant breeders' rights.
- Plant parts are to be understood as meaning all aboveground and subterranean parts and organs of the plants, such as shoot, leaf, flower and root, examples of which include leaves, needles, stems, stems, flowers, fruiting bodies, fruits and seeds, and roots, tubers and rhizomes.
- the plant parts also include crops and vegetative and generative propagation material, such as cuttings, tubers, rhizomes, offshoots and seeds.
- the treatment according to the invention of the plants and plant parts with the formulations according to the invention is carried out directly or by acting on their environment, habitat or Storage room according to the usual treatment methods, for example by dipping, spraying, vaporizing, atomizing, spreading, painting and propagating material, especially in seeds, further by single or multi-layer wrapping.
- the contained agrochemical active ingredients develop a better biological effectiveness than when applied in the form of the corresponding conventional formulations.
- R is alkyl of 12 to 14 carbon atoms
- EO is -CH 2 -CH 2 -O
- the number 6 represents an average value
- Example 2 After completion of the addition, stirring is continued for 10 minutes at room temperature. The resulting homogeneous suspension is first subjected to coarse and then fine grinding, so that a suspension is obtained in which 90% of the solid particles have a particle size below 6 microns.
- Example 2
- R is alkyl of 12 to 14 carbon atoms
- EO is -CH 2 -CH 2 -O
- the number 6 represents an average value
- Example 3 After completion of the addition, stirring is continued for 10 minutes at room temperature. The resulting homogeneous suspension is first subjected to coarse and then fine grinding, so that a suspension is obtained in which 90% of the solid particles have a particle size below 6 microns.
- Example 3
- R is alkyl of 12 to 14 carbon atoms
- EO is -CH 2 -CH 2 -O
- the number 6 represents an average value
- Example 4 After completion of the addition, stirring is continued for 10 minutes at room temperature. The resulting homogeneous suspension is first subjected to coarse and then fine grinding, so that a suspension is obtained in which 90% of the solid particles have a particle size below 6 microns.
- Example 4
- R is alkyl of 12 to 14 carbon atoms
- EO is -CH 2 -CH 2 -O
- the number 6 represents an average value
- Example 5 After completion of the addition, stirring is continued for 10 minutes at room temperature. The resulting homogeneous suspension is first subjected to coarse and then fine grinding, so that a suspension is obtained in which 90% of the solid particles have a particle size below 6 microns.
- Example 5
- R is alkyl of 12 to 14 carbon atoms
- EO is -CH 2 -CH 2 -O
- the number 6 represents an average value
- R is alkyl of 12 to 14 carbon atoms
- EO is -CH 2 -CH 2 -O
- the number 6 represents an average value
- Antifoam 1500 silicone composition
- G 1281 polyoxyalkylene fatty acid glyceride
- Atlox MBA 13/20 single branched alcohol ethoxylate (20 EO)
- Atlox 4838 B mixture of alkylaryl sulphonate and ethylhexanol Borresperse
- NA lignin sulphonate
- Lutensol TO 6 Alkanol alkoxylate of the formula RO- (EO) 6 -H silfoam I l32: polydimethylsiloxane
- Vulkanox BHT butylhydroxytoluene
- Zephrym PD 7000 polyoxyalkyleneamine derivative
- Sheets were used, which were cut in the fully developed state of apple trees of the variety Golden Delicious. The isolation of the cuticles took place in such a way that
- the cuticles were placed with tweezers in the middle of the silicone grease-coated edges of the diffusion cells and sealed with a likewise greased ring. The arrangement was chosen so that the morphological outside of the cuticles was directed outwards, ie towards the air, while the original inner side was facing the inside of the diffusion cell.
- the diffusion cells were filled with a 1% phospholipid suspension.
- 10 ⁇ l of the spray mixture of the following composition with radiolabelled imidacloprid were applied to the outside of the cuticle.
- the preparation of the spray mixture is carried out with local tap water medium water hardness.
- the water was allowed to evaporate, inverting the chambers and placing them in thermostated tubs in which the temperature and humidity above the cuticle was adjustable by a gentle stream of air to the cuticle with the spray coating (20 0 C 3 60% rh). At regular intervals aliquots were taken from an autosampler and measured in a scintillation counter.
- test results are shown in the following table.
- the figures given are average values from 6 to 8 measurements.
- Cellulose acetate (Silcox and Holloway, 1986) determined the amount not absorbed. The following table shows the mean values of 3-4 repetitions.
- test results are shown in the following table.
- the numbers given are average values of 5 measurements.
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Abstract
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft neue, ölbasierte Suspensionskonzentrate von agrochemischen Wirkstoffen, ein Verfahren zur Herstellung dieser Formulierungen und deren Verwendung zur Applikation der enthaltenen Wirkstoffe.
Description
SuspeiisioDskonzentrate auf Ölbasis
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft neue, ölbasierte Suspensionskonzentrate von agrochemischen Wirkstoffen, ein Verfahren zur Herstellung dieser Formulierungen und deren Verwendung zur Applikation der enthaltenen Wirkstoffe.
Es sind bereits zahlreiche wasserfreie Suspensionskonzentrate von agrochemischen Wirkstoffen bekannt geworden. So werden in der WO 03/000053 Formulierungen dieses Typs beschrieben, die neben Wirkstoff und Öl auch Alkanolalkoxylate als Penetrationsförderer enthalten.
Die biologische Wirksamkeit dieser bekannten Formulierungen ist jedoch nicht immer völlig befriedigend.
Weiterhin sind aus der US-A 6 165 940 schon nicht-wässrige Suspensionskonzentrate bekannt, in denen außer agrochemischem Wirkstoff, Penetrationsförderer und Tensid bzw. Tensid-Gemisch ein organisches Solvens vorhanden ist, wobei als derartige Lösungsmittel auch Paraffϊnöl oder Pflanzenöl-Ester in Frage kommen. Die biologische Wirksamkeit und die Stabilität der aus diesen Formulierungen durch Verdünnen mit Wasser herstellbaren Spritzbrühen ist jedoch nicht immer ausreichend.
Es wurden nun neue Suspensionskonzentrate auf Ölbasis gefunden, die
mindestens ein Insektizid aus der Reihe der Neonicotinoide,
mindestens einen Penetrationsförderer aus der Reihe der Alkoholethoxylate der Formel (I)
R- O - (EO)1n -R' (I)
worin
R für verzweigtes oder unverzweigtes C8-C] s-Alkyl steht,
m für 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 oder 15 steht,
R' für Wasserstoff oder CrC5-Alkyl steht und
E für CH2-CH2 steht,
- mindestens ein Pflanzenöl,
mindestens ein nicht-ionischen Tensid bzw. Dispergierhilfsmittel und/oder mindestens ein anionisches Tensid bzw. Dispergierhilfsmittel und
gegebenenfalls ein oder mehrere Zusatzstoffe aus den Gruppen der Emulgiermittel, der schaumhemmenden Mittel, der Konservierungsmittel, der Antioxydantien, der Farbstoffe und/oder der inerten Füllmaterialien
enthalten.
Weiterhin wurde gefunden, dass sich die erfindungsgemäßen Suspensionkonzentrate auf Ölbasis herstellen lassen, indem man
mindestens ein Insektizid aus der Reihe Neonicotinoide,
mindestens einen Penetrationsförderer aus der Reihe der Alkoholethoxylate der Formel (I)
R- O - (EO)01 - R' (I)
worin
R für verzweigtes oder unverzweigtes C8-Ci5-Alkyl steht,
m für 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 oder 15 steht,
R' für Wasserstoff oder CrC6-Alkyl steht und
E für CH2-CH2 steht,
- mindestens ein Pflanzenöl,
mindestens ein nicht-ionisches Tensid bzw. Dispergierhilfsmittel und/oder mindestens ein änionisches Tensid bzw. Dispergierhilfsmittel und
gegebenenfalls einen oder mehrere Zusatzstoffe aus den Gruppen der Emulgiermittel, der schaumhemmenden Mittel, der Konservierungsmittel, der Antioxydantien, der Farbstoffe und/oder der inerten Füllmaterialien
miteinander vermischt und die entstehende Suspension gegebenenfalls anschließend mahlt.
Schließlich wurde gefunden, dass sich die erfindungsgemäßen Suspensionskonzentrate auf Ölbasis sehr gut zur Applikation der enthaltenen agrochemischen Wirkstoffe auf Pflanzen und/oder deren Lebensraum eignen.
Es ist als äußerst überraschend zu bezeichnen, dass die erfindungsgemäßen Suspensionskonzentrate auf Ölbasis eine sehr gute Stabilität aufweisen, obwohl sie kein Verdickungsmittel ent-
halten. Unerwartet ist auch, dass sie eine deutlich bessere biologische Wirksamkeit zeigen als die am ähnlichsten zusammengesetzten, vorbekannten Formulierungen. Im Übrigen übertreffen die erfindungsgemäßen ölbasierten Suspensionskonzentrate hinsichtlich ihrer Aktivität überraschenderweise auch analoge Zubereitungen, die neben den anderen Komponenten entweder nur Penetrationsförderer oder nur Pflanzenöl enthalten. Ein solcher synergistischer Effekt war aufgrund des vorbeschriebenen Standes der Technik nicht vorhersehbar.
Weiterhin ist überraschend, dass die erfindungsgemäßen Suspensionskonzentrate auf Ölbasis eine bessere biologische Wirksamkeit aufweisen als handelsübliche Formulierungen. Es ist allgemein bekannt, dass Formulierungen systemisch wirkender Wirkstoffe, in welchen der Wirkstoff sich in Lösung befindet, im Allgemeinen eine bessere Wirksamkeit aufweisen als solche, in denen der Wirkstoffe als Feststoffteilchen dispergiert ist, wie es in den erfindungsgemäßen Formulierungen der Fall ist. Die sehr schnelle Aufnahme systemischer Wirkstoffe mit der erfindungsgemäßen Formulierung führt beispielsweise zu Unabhängigkeit von Temperatur und Luftfeuchte und verbessert die Regenfestigkeit.
Die erfindungsgemäßen Suspensionskonzentrate auf Ölbasis zeichnen sich auch durch eine Reihe von weiteren Vorteilen aus. So ist deren Herstellung weniger aufwendig als die Zubereitung entsprechender Formulierungen, in denen Verdickungsmittel vorhanden sind. Vorteilhaft ist weiterhin, dass beim Verdünnen der erfindungsgemäßen Konzentrate mit Wasser weder eine signifikante Aufrahmung noch eine störende Flockenbildung eintritt, was bei entsprechenden vorbekannten Zubereitungen häufig der Fall ist. Schließlich begünstigen die erfindungsgemäßen Formulierungen die biologische Wirksamkeit der enthaltenen aktiven Komponenten, so dass im Vergleich zu herkömmlichen Zubereitungen entweder eine höhere Wirksamkeit erzielt wird oder weniger Wirkstoff erforderlich ist.
Als Wirkstoffe kommen Insektizide aus der Reihe der Neonicotinoide in Frage. Diese eignen sich hervorragend zur Bekämpfung tierischer Schädlinge (vergL hierzu die zitierten Dokumente).
Insektizide aus der Reihe der Neonicotinoide lassen sich durch folgende Formel (II)
worin
Het für einen Heterocyclus ausgewählt aus der folgenden Gruppe von Heterocyclen steht: 2-Chlorpyrid-5-yl, 2-Methylpyrid-5-yl, l-Oxido-3-pyridino, 2-Chlor-l-oxido-5-pyridino, 2,3-Dichlor-l-oxido-5-pyridino, Tetrahydrofuran-3-yl, 5-Methyl-tetrahydrofuran-3yl, 2-Chlorothiazol-5-yl,
A für Methyl, N(R1XR2) oder S(R2) steht,
worin
R1 für Wasserstoff, CrC6-Alkyl, Phenyl-CrC4-Alkyl, C3-C6-Cycloalkyl, C2-C6-Alkenyl oder Q-Cβ-Alkinyl steht, und
R2 für Ci-Cs-Alkyl, C2-C6-Alkenyl, C2-C6-Alkinyl -C(=O)-CH3 oder Benzyl steht,
R für Ci-Ce-Alkyl, C2-C6-Alkenyl, C2-C6-Alkinyl, -C(=O)-CH3 oder Benzyl steht oder gemeinsam mit R2 für eine der folgenden Gruppen steht:
-CH2-CH2-, -CH2-CH2-CH2-, -CH2-O-CH2-, -CH2-S-CH2-, -CH2-NH-CH2-, -CH2-N-(CHa)-CH2- und
X für N-NO2, N-CN oder CH-NO2 steht,
beschreiben (siehe z.B. EP-Al-192 606, EP-A2-580 533, EP-A2-376 279, EP-A2-235 725).
Im Einzelnen seien folgende Verbindungen genannt, die erfϊndungsgemäß verwendet werden können.
Eine erfindungsgemäß bevorzugt verwendete Verbindung ist Thiamethoxam.
Thiamethoxam besitzt die Formel
und ist bekannt aus EP A2 0 580 533.
Eine weitere erfindungsgemäß bevorzugt verwendete Verbindung ist Clothianidin.
Clofhianidin besitzt die Formel
und ist bekannt aus EP A2 O 376279.
Eine weitere erfindungsgemäß bevorzugt verwendete Verbindung ist Thiacloprid.
Thiacloprid besitzt die Formel
und ist bekannt aus EP A2 0235 725.
Eine weitere erfindungsgemäß bevorzugt verwendete Verbindung ist Dinotefuran.
Dinotefuran besitzt die Formel
und ist bekannt aus EP Al 0 649 845.
Eine weitere erfindungsgemäß bevorzugt verwendete Verbindung ist Acetamiprid.
Acetamiprid besitzt die Formel
und ist bekannt aus WO Al 91/04965.
Eine weitere erfindungsgemäß bevorzugt verwendete Verbindung ist Nitenpyram.
Nitenpyram besitzt die Formel
und ist bekannt aus EP A2 0 302 389.
Eine weitere erfindungsgemäß bevorzugt verwendete Verbindung ist Imidacloprid.
Imidacloprid besitzt die Formel
und ist bekannt aus EP 0 192 060.
Als Penetrationsförderer kommen im vorliegenden Zusammenhang Verbindungen der weiter vorne beschriebenen Formel (I) in Frage.
Bevorzugte Verbindungen der Formel (I) sind solche,
in welchen
R für verzweigtes oder unverzweigtes Cio-C]4-Alkyl steht,
m für 6, 7, 8, 9 oder 10 steht und
R' für Wasserstoff, Methyl, Ethyl, n-Propyl, i-Propyl, n-Butyl, i-Butyl, t-Butyl, n-Pentyl oder n-Hexyl steht, insbesondere für Wasserstoff.
Die Alkanol-Alkoxylate sind durch die obige Formel (I) allgemein definiert. Bei diesen Substanzen handelt es sich um Gemische von Stoffen des angegebenen Typs mit unterschiedlichen Kettenlängen. Für die Indices errechnen sich deshalb Durchschnittswerte, die auch von ganzen Zahlen abweichen können.
Die Alkanol-Alkoxylate der angegebenen Formeln sind bekannt oder lassen sich nach bekannten Methoden herstellen (vgl. WO 98-35 553, WO 00-35 278 und EP-A 0 681 865).
Als Pflanzenöle kommen alle üblicherweise in agrochemischen Mitteln einsetzbaren, aus Pflanzen gewinnbaren Öle in Frage. Beispielhaft genannt seien Sonnenblumenöl, Rapsöl, Olivenöl, Rizinus- öl, Rüböl, Maiskernöl, Baumwollsaatöl und Sojabohnenöl.
Die erfϊndungsgemäßen Suspensionskonzentrate auf Ölbasis enthalten mindestens ein nichtionisches Tensid bzw. Dispergierhilfsmittel und/oder mindestens ein anionisches Tensid bzw. Dispergierhilfsmittel.
Als nicht-ionische Tenside bzw. Dispergierhilfsmittel kommen alle üblicherweise in agro- chemischen Mitteln einsetzbaren Stoffe dieses Typs in Betracht. Vorzugsweise genannt seien Polyethylenoxid-polypropylenoxid-Blockcopolymere, Polyethylenglykolether von linearen Alkoholen, Umsetzungsprodukte von Fettsäuren mit Ethylenoxid und/oder Propylenoxid, ferner PoIy- vinylalkohol, Polyvinylpyrrolidon, Mischpolymerisate aus Polyvinylalkohol und Polyvinylpyr- rolidon sowie Copolymerisate aus (Meth)acrylsäure und (Meth)acrylsäureestern, weiterhin Alkyl- ethoxylate und Alkylarylethoxylate, die gegebenenfalls phosphatiert und gegebenenfalls mit Basen neutralisiert sein können, wobei Sorbitolethoxylate beispielhaft genannt seien, sowie Polyoxy- alkylenamin-Derivate.
Als anionische Tenside kommen alle üblicherweise in agrochemischen Mitteln einsetzbaren Substanzen dieses Typs in Frage. Bevorzugt sind Alkalimetall- und Erdalkalimetall-Salze von Alkyl- sulfonsäuren oder Alkylarylsulfonsäuren.
Eine weitere bevorzugte Gruppe von anionischen Tensiden bzw. Dispergierhilfsmitteln sind in Pflanzenöl wenig lösliche Salze von Polystyrolsulfonsäuren, Salze von Polyvinylsulfonsäuren, Salze von Naphthalmsulfonsäure-Formaldehyd-Kondensationsprodukten, Salze von Kondensationsprodukten aus Naphthalinsulfonsäure, Phenolsulfonsäure und Formaldehyd sowie Salze von Ligninsulfonsäure.
Als Zusatzstoffe, die in den erfindungsgemäßen Formulierungen enthalten sein können, kommen Emulgatoren, schaumhemmende Mittel, Konservierungsmittel, Antioxydantien, Farbstoffe und inerte Füllmaterialien in Betracht.
Bevorzugte Emulgatoren sind ethoxylierte Nonylphenole, Umsetzungsprodukte von Alkylphenolen mit Ethylenoxid und/oder Propylenoxid, ethoxylierte Arylalkylphenole, weiterhin ethoxylierte und propoxylierte Arylalkylphenole, sowie sulfatierte oder phosphatierte Arylalkylethoxylate bzw.
-ethoxy-propoxylate, wobei Sorbitan-Derivate, wie Polyethylenoxid-Sorbitan-Fettsäureester und Sorbitan-Fettsäureester, beispielhaft genannt seien.
Als schaumhemmende Stoffe kommen alle üblicherweise für diesen Zweck in agrochemischen Mitteln einsetzbaren Substanzen in Betracht. Bevorzugt sind Silikonöle und Magnesiumstearat.
Als Konservierungsmittel kommen alle üblicherweise für diesen Zweck in agrochemischen Mitteln dieses Typs einsetzbaren Substanzen in Frage. Als Beispiele genannt seien Preventol® (Fa. Bayer AG) und Proxel®.
Als Antioxydantien kommen alle üblicherweise für diesen Zweck in agrochemischen Mitteln einsetzbaren Substanzen in Betracht. Bevorzugt ist Butylhydroxytoluol.
Als Farbstoffe kommen alle üblicherweise für diesen Zweck in agrochemischen Mitteln einsetzbaren Substanzen in Frage. Beispielhaft genannt seien Titandioxid, Farbruß, Zinkoxid und Blaupigmente sowie Permanentrot FGR.
Als inerte Füllmaterialien kommen alle üblicherweise für diesen Zweck in agrochemischen Mitteln einsetzbaren Substanzen in Betracht, die nicht als Verdickungsmittel fungieren. Bevorzugt sind anorganische Partikel, wie Carbonate, Silikate und Oxide, sowie auch organische Substanzen, wie Harnstoff-Formaldehyd-Kondensate. Beispielhaft erwähnt seien Kaolin, Rutil, Siliciumdioxid, sogenannte hochdisperse Kieselsäure, Kieselgele, sowie natürliche und synthetische Silikate, außerdem Talkum.
Der erfindungsgemäßen Formulierungen können in einer besondereren Ausführungsform noch mindestens einen weiteren Wirkstoff (Insektizide, Lockstoffe, Sterilantien, Bakterizide, Akarizide, Nematizide, Fungizide, wachstumsregulierenden Stoffe oder Herbizide) enthalten. Zu den Insektiziden zählen beispielsweise Phosphorsäureester, Carbamate, Carbonsäureester, chlorierte Kohlenwasserstoffe, Phenylharnstoffe, durch Mikroorganismen hergestellte Stoffe u.a.
Besonders günstige Mischpartner sind z.B. die folgenden:
Fungizide:
Inhibitoren der Nucleinsäure Synthese
Benalaxyl, Benalaxyl-M, Bupirimat, Chiralaxyl, Clozylacon, Dimethirimol, Ethirimol, Furalaxyl, Hymexazol, Metalaxyl, Metalaxyl-M, Ofurace, Oxadixyl, Oxolinsäure
Inhibitoren der Mitose und Zellteilung
. Benomyl, Carbendazim, Diethofencarb, Fuberidazole, Pencycuron, Thiabendazol, , Thiophanat-methyl, Zoxamid
Inhibitoren der Atmungskette Komplex I
Diflumetorim
Inhibitoren der Atmungskette Komplex π
Boscalid, Carboxin, Fenfuram, Flutolanil, Furametpyr, Mepronil, Oxycarboxin, Penthiopyrad, Thifluzamid
Inhibitoren der Atmungskette Komplex IO
Azoxystrobin, Cyazofamid, Dimoxystrobin, Enestrobin, Famoxadon, Fenamidon, Fluoxastrobin, Kresoximmethyl, Metominostrobin, Orysastrobin, Pyraclostrobin,
Picoxystrobin, Trifloxystrobin
Entkoppler
Dinocap, Fluazinam
Inhibitoren der ATP Produktion
Fentinacetat, Fentinchlorid, Fentinhydroxid, Silthiofam
Inhibitoren der Aminosäure- und Proteinbiosynthese
Andoprim, Blasticidin-S, Cyprodinil, Kasugamycin, Kasugamycinhydrochlorid Hydrat, Mepanipyrim, Pyrimethanil
Inhibitoren der Signal-Transduktion
Fenpiclonil, Fludioxonil, Quinόxyfen
Inhibitoren der Fett- und Membran Synthese
Chlozolinat, Iprodion, Procymidon, Vinclozolin
Ampropylfos, Kalium-Ampropylfos, Edifenphos, Iprobenfos (IBP), Isoprothiolan, Pyrazophos
Tolclofos-methyl, Biphenyl
Iodocarb, Propamocarb, Propamocarb hydrochlorid
Inhibitoren der Ergosterol Biosynthese
Fenhexamid,
Azaconazol, Bitertanol, Bromuconazol, Cyproconazol, Diclobutrazol, Difenoconazol, Diniconazol, Diniconazol-M, Epoxiconazol, Etaconazol, Fenbuconazol, Fluquinconazol, Flusilazol, Flutriafol, Furconazol, Furconazol-cis, Hexaconazol, Lnibencohazol, Ipconazol,
Metconazol, Myclobutanil, Paclobutrazol, Penconazol, Propiconazol, Prothioconazol, Simeconazol, Tebuconazol, Tetraconazol, Triadimefon, Triadimenol, Triticonazol, Uniconazol, Voriconazol, Imazalil, hnazalilsulfat, Oxpoconazol, Fenarimol, Flurprimidol, Nuarimol, Pyrifenox, Triforin, Pefurazoat, Prochloraz, Triflumizol, Viniconazol,
Aldimorph, Dodemoφh, Dodemorphacetat, Fenpropimoφh, Tridemorph, Fenpropidin,
Spiroxamin,
Naftifin, Pyributicarb, Terbinafϊn
Inhibitoren der Zellwand Synthese
Benthiavalicarb, Bialaphos, Dimethomorph, Flumorph, Iprovalicarb, Polyoxins, Polyoxorim, Validamycin A
Inhibitoren der Melanin Biosynthese
Capropamid, Diclocymet, Fenoxanil, Phtalid, Pyroquilon, Tricyclazol
Resistenzinduktion
Acibenzolar-S-methyl, Probenazol, Tiadinil
Multisite
Captafol, Captan, Chlorothalonil, Kupfersalze wie: Kupferhydroxid, Kupfernaphthenat, Kupferoxychlorid, Kupfersulfat, Kupferoxid, Oxin-Kupfer und Bordeaux Mischung, Dichlofluanid, Dithianon, Dodin, Dodin freie Base, Ferbam, Folpet, Fluorofolpet, Guazatin, Guazatinacetat, Lninoctadin, hninoctadinalbesilat, Iminoctadintriacetat, Mankupfer, Mancozeb, Maneb, Metiram, Metiram Zink, Propineb, Schwefel und Schwefelpräparate enthaltend Calciumpolysulphid, Thiram, Tolylfluanid, Zineb, Ziram
Unbekannter Mechanismus
Amibromdol, Benthiazol, Bethoxazin, Capsimycin, Carvon, Chinomethionat, Chloropicrin, Cufraneb, Cyflufenamid, Cymoxanil, Dazomet, Debacarb, Diclomezine, Dichlorophen,
Dicloran, Difenzoquat, Difenzoquat Methylsulphat, Diphenylamin, Ethaboxam, Ferimzon, flumetover, Flusulfamid, Fluopicolid, Fluoroimid, Hexachlorobenzol, 8- Hydroxychinolinsulfat, Irumamycin, Methasulphocarb, Metrafenon, Methyl Isothiocyanat, Mildiomycin, Natamycin, Nickel dimethyldithiocarbamat, Nitrothal-isopropyl, Octhilinon, Oxamocarb, Oxyfenthiin, Pentachlorophenol und Salze, 2-Phenylphenol und Salze,
Piperalin, Propanosin -Natrium, Proquinazid, Pyrrolnitrin, Quintozen, Tecloftalam, Tecnazen, Triazoxid, Trichlamid, Zarilamid und 2,3,5,6-Tetrachlor-4-(methylsulfonyl)- pyridin, N-(4-Chlor-2-nitrophenyl)-N-ethyl-4-methyl-benzenesulfonamid, 2-Amino-4- methyl-N-phenyl-5-thiazolecarboxamid, 2-Chlor-N-(2,3-dihydro-l , 1 ,3-trimethyl- 1 H-inden-4- yl)-3-pyridincarboxamid, 3-[5-(4-Chlorphenyl)-2,3-dimethylisoxazolidin-3-yl]pyridin, cis-1-
(4-Chlorphenyl)-2-(lH-l,2,4-triazol-l-yl)-cycloheptanol, 2,4-Dihydro-5-methoxy-2-methyl- 4-[[[[l-[3-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl]-ethyliden]-amino]-oxy]-methyl]-phenyl]-3H-l,2,3- triazol-3-on (185336-79-2), Methyl l-(2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-lH-inden-l-yl)-lH- imidazole-5-carboxylat, 3,4,5-Trichlor-2,6-pyridindicarbonitril, Methyl 2-[[[cyclopropyl[(4- methoxyphenyl) imino]methyl]thio]methyl]-.alpha.-(methoxymethylen)- benzacetat, 4-Chlor- alpha-propinyloxy-N-[2-[3-methoxy-4-(2-ρropinyloxy)ρhenyl]ethyl]-benzacetamide, (2S)-N- [2-[4-[[3-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-proρinyl]oxy]-3-methoxyphenyl]ethyl]- 3-methyl-2-
[(methylsulfonyl)amino]-butanamid, 5-Chlor-7-(4-methylpiperidin- 1 -yl)-6-(2,4,6- trifluorophenyl)[l,2?4]triazolo[l35-a]pyriniidin, 5-Chlor-6-(2,4,6-trifluorophenyl)-N-[(lR)- l,2,2-trimethylpropyl][l,2,4]triazolo[l,5-a]pyrimidin-7-aniin, 5-Chlor-N-[(lR)-l,2- dimethylpropyl]-6-(2,4,6-trifluorophenyl) [l,2,4]triazolo[l,5-a]pyrimidin-7-amine, N-[l-(5- Brom-3-chloropyridin-2-yl)ethyl]-2,4-dichloronicotinamid, N-(5-Brom-3-chloφyridin-2- yl)methyl-2,4-dichlornicotinamid, 2-Butoxy-6-iod-3-propyl-benzopyranon-4-on, N-{(Z)- [(cyclopropylmethoxy) imino][6-(difluormethoxy)-2,3-difluorphenyl]methyl}-2- benzacetamid, N-(3-Ethyl-3,5,5-trimethyl-cyclohexyl)-3-formylamino-2-hydroxy-benzamid,
2-[[[[l-[3(lFluor-2-phenylethyl)oxy] phenyl] ethyliden]amino]oxy]methyl]-alpha- (methoxyimino)-N-methyl-alphaE-benzacetamid, N-{2-[3-Chlor-5-(trifluormethyl)pyridin-2- yl]ethyl}-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzamid, N-(3',4'-dichlor-5-fluorbiphenyl-2-yl)-3-
(difluorraethyl)-l-methyl-lH-pyrazol-4-carboxamid, N-(6-Methoxy-3-pyridinyl)-cycloρropan carboxamid, l-[(4-Methoxyphenoxy)methyl]-2,2-dimethylpropyl-lH-imidazol-l- carbonsäure, O-[ 1 -[(4-Methoxyρhenoxy)methyl]-2,2-dimethylpropyl]- 1 H-imidazol- 1 - carbothioic acid, 2-(2-{[6-(3-Chlor-2-methylphenoxy)-5-fluorpyrimidin-4-yl]oxy}phenyl)-2- (methoxyimino)-N-methylacetamid
Bakterizide:
Bronopol, Dichlorophen, Nitrapyrin, Nickel-Dimethyldithiocarbamat, Kasugamycin, Octhilinon, Furancarbonsäure, Oxytetracyclin, Probenazol, Streptomycin, Tecloftalam, Kupfersulfat und andere Kupfer-Zubereitungen.
Insektizide / Akarizide / Nematizide:
Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) Inhibitoren
Carbamate, zum Beispiel Alanycarb, Aldicarb, Aldoxycarb, Allyxycarb, Aminocarb, Bendiocarb, Ben- furacarb, Bufencarb, Butacarb, Butocarboxim, Butoxycarboxim, Carbaryl, Carbofuran, Carbosulfan, Cloethocarb, Dimetilan, Ethiofencarb, Fenobucarb, Fenothiocarb, Formetanate, Furathiocarb, Isoprocarb, Metam-sodium, Methiocarb, Methomyl,
Metolcarb, Oxamyl, Pirimicarb, Promecarb, Propoxur, Thiodicarb, Thiofanox, Trimethacarb, XMC, Xylylcarb, Triazamate
Organophosphate, zum Beispiel Acephate, Azamethiphos, Azinphos (-metliyl, -ethyl), Bromophos-ethyl, Bromfenvinfos (-methyl), Butathiofos, Cadusafos, Carbophenothion, Chlorethoxyfos,
Chlorfenvinphos, Chlormephos, Chloφyrifos
(-methyl/-ethyl), Coumaphos, Cyanofenphos, Cyanophos, Chlorfenvinphos, Demeton-S- methyl, Demeton-S-methylsulphon, Dialifos, Diazinon, Dichlofenthion, Dichlorvos/DDVP, Dicrotophos, Dimethoate, Dimethylvinphos, Dioxabenzofos, Disulfoton, EPN, Ethion, Ethoprophos, Etrimfos, Famphur, Fenamiphos, Fenitrothion,
Fensulfothion, Fenthion, Flupyrazofos, Fonofos, Formothion, Fosmethilan, Fosthiazate, Heptenophos, Iodofenphos, Iprobenfos, Isazofos, Isofenphos, Isopropyl O-salicylate, Isoxathion, Malathion, Mecarbam, Methacrifos, Methamidophos, Methidathion, Mevinphos, Monocrotophos, Naled, Omethoate, Oxydemeton-methyl, Parathion (-methyl/ -ethyl), Phenthoate, Phorate, Phosalone, Phosmet, Phosphamidon, Phosphocarb, Phoxim,
Pirimiphos (-methyl/-ethyl), Profenofos, Propaphos, Propetamphos, Prothiofos, Prothoate, Pyraclofos, Pyridaphenthion, Pyridathion, Quinalphos, Sebufos, Sulfotep, Sulprofos, Tebupirimfos, Temephos, Terbufos, Tetrachlorvinphos, Thiometon, Triazophos, Triclorfon, Vamidothion
Natrium-Kanal-Modulatoren / Spannungsabhängige Natrium-Kanal-Blocker
Pyrethroide, zum Beispiel Acrinathrin, Allethrin (d-cis-trans, d-trans), Beta-Cyfluthrin, Bifenthrin,
Bioallethrin, Bioallethrin-S-cyclopentyl-isomer, Bioethanomethrin, Biopermethrin, Bioresmethrin, Chlovaporthrin, Cis-Cypermethrin, Cis-Resmethrin, Cis-Permethrin, Clocythrin, Cycloprothrin, Cyfluthrin, Cyhalothrin, Cypermethrin (alpha-, beta-, theta-, zeta-), Cyphenothrin, Deltamethrin, Empenthrin (lR-isomer), Esfenvalerate, Etofenprox, Fenfluthrin, Fenpropathrin, Fenpyrithrin, Fenvalerate, Flubrocythrinate, Flucythrinate,
Flufenprox, Flumethrin, Fluvalinate, Fubfenprox, Gamma-Cyhalothrin, Imiprothrin, Kadethrin, Lambda- Cyhalothrin, Metofluthrin, Permethrin (eis-, trans-), Phenothrin (lR-trans isomer), Prallethrin, Profluthrin, Protrifenbute, Pyresmethrin, Resmethrin, RU 15525, Silafluofen, Tau-Fluvalinate, Tefluthrin, Terallethrin, Tetramethrin (-1R- isomer), Tralomethrin, Transfluthrin, ZXI 8901 , Pyrethrins (pyrethrum)
DDT
Oxadiazine, zum Beispiel Indoxacarb
Semicarbazon, zum Beispiel Metaflumizon (BAS3201)
Acetylcholin-Rezeptor-Agonisten/-Antagonisten
Chloronicotinyle, zum Beispiel Acetamiprid, Clothianidin, Dinoteruran, Imidacloprid, Nitenpyram, Ni- thiazine, Thiacloprid, Thiamethoxam
Nicotine, Bensultap, Cartap
Acetylcholin-Rezeptor-Modulatoren
Spinosyne, zum Beispiel Spinosad
GABA-gesteuerte Chlorid-Kanal-Antagonisten
Organochlorine, zum Beispiel Camphechlor, Chlordane, Endosulfan, Gamma-HCH, HCH, Heptachlor, Lindane, Methoxychlor
Fiprole, zum Beispiel Acetoprole, Ethiprole, Fipronil, Pyrafluprole, Pyriprole, Vaniliprole
Chlorid-Kanal-Aktivatoren
Mectine, zum Beispiel Avermectin, Emamectin, Emamectin-benzoate, Ivermectin, Milbemycin
Juvenilhormon-Mimetika, zum Beispiel Diofenolan, Epofenonane, Fenoxycarb, Hydroprene, Kinoprene,
Methoprene, Pyriproxifen, Triprene
Ecdysonagonisten/disruptoren
Diacylhydrazine, zum Beispiel Chromafenozide, Halofenozide, Methoxyfenozide, Tebufenozide
Inhibitoren der Chitinbiosynthese
Benzoylharnstoffe, zum Beispiel Bistrifluron, Chlofluazuron, Diflubenzuron, Fluazuron, Flucycloxuron, FIu- fenoxuron, Hexaflumuron, Lufenuron, Novaluron, Noviflumuron, Penfluron, Teflubenzuron, Triflumuron
Buprofezin
Cyromazine
Inhibitoren der oxidativen Phosphorylierung, ATP-Disruptoren
Diafenthiuron
Organozirinverbindungen, zum Beispiel Azocyclotin, Cyhexatin, Fenbutatin-oxide
Entkoppler der oxidativen Phoshorylierung durch Unterbrechung des H-Protongradienten
Pyrrole, zum Beispiel Chlorfenapyr
Dinitrophenole, zum Beispiel Binapacyrl, Dinobuton, Dinocap, DNOC
Seite-I-Elektronentransportinhibitoren
METI's, zum Beispiel Fenazaquin, Fenpyroximate, Pyrimidifen, Pyridaben, Tebufenpyrad,
Tolfenpyrad
Hydramethylnon
Dicofol
Seite-II-Elektronentransportinhibitoren
Rotenone
Seite-III-Elektronentransportinhibitoren
Acequinocyl, Fluacrypyrim
Mikrobielle Disruptoren der Insektendarmmembran
Bacillus thuringiensis-Stämme
Inhibitoren der Fettsynthese
Tetronsäuren, zum Beispiel Spirodiclofen, Spiromesifen
Tetramsäuren, zum Beispiel Spirotetramat
Carboxamide, zum Beispiel Flonicamid
Oktopaminerge Agonisten, zum Beispiel Amitraz
Inhibitoren der Magnesium-stimulierten ATPase,
Propargite
Nereistoxin-Analoge, zum Beispiel Thiocyclam hydrogen Oxalate, Thiosultap-sodium
Agonisten des Ryanodin-Rezeptors,
Benzoesäuredicarboxamide, zum Beispiel Flubendiamid
Anthranilamide, zum Beispiel DPX E2Y45 (3-bromo-N-{4-chloro-2-methyl-6-
[(methylamino)carbonyl]phenyl}- 1 -(3-chloropyridin-2-yl)- 1 H-pyrazole-5-carboxamide)
Biologika, Hormone oder Pheromone
Azadirachtin, Bacillus spec, Beauveria spec, Codlemone, Metarrhizium spec., Paecilomyces spec, Thuringiensin, Verticillium spec.
Wirkstoffe mit unbekannten oder nicht spezifischen Wirkmechanismen
Begasungsmittel, zum Beispiel Aluminium phosphide, Methyl bromide, Sulfuryl fluoride
Fraßhemmer, zum Beispiel Cryolite, Flonicamid, Pymetrozine
Milbenwachstumsinhibitoren, zum Beispiel Clofentezine, Etoxazole, Hexythiazox
Amidoflumet, Benclothiaz, Benzoximate, Bifenazate, Bromopropylate, Buprofezin, Chino- methionat, Chlordimeform, Chlorobenzilate, Chloropicrin, Clothiazoben, Cycloprene, Cyflumetofen, Dicyclanil, Fenoxacrim, Fentrifanil, Flubenzimine, Flufenerim, Flutenzin, Gossyplure, Hydramethylnone, Japonilure, Metoxadiazone, Petroleum, Piperonyl butoxide, Potassium oleate, Pyridalyl, Sulfluramid, Tetradifon, Tetrasul, Tri- arathene,Verbutin
Der Gehalt an den einzelnen Komponenten kann in den erfindungsgemäßen Suspensionskonzentraten auf Ölbasis innerhalb eines größeren Bereiches variiert werden. So liegen die Konzentrationen
an agrochemischen Wirkstoffen im allgemeinen zwischen 5 und 40 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise zwischen 10 und 37,5 Gew.-%, besonders bevorzugt zwischen 15 und 35 Gew.-%, ganz besonders bevorzugt zwischen 20 und 35 Gew.-%,
an Penetrationsförderer im allgemeinen zwischen 5 und 55 Gew.-%, bevorzugt zwischen 15 und 40 Gew.-%, besonders bevorzugt zwischen 15 und 30 Gew.-%,
an Pflanzenöl im allgemeinen zwischen 15 und 55 Gew.-%, bevorzugt zwischen 20 und 50 Gew.-%, besonders bevorzugt zwischen 25 und 40 Gew.-%,
- an Tensiden bzw. Dispergierhilfsmitteln im allgemeinen zwischen 2,5 und 30 Gew.-%, bevorzugt zwischen 5,0 und 25 Gew.-% und, besonders bevorzugt zwischen 5 und 15 Gew.-%,
an Zusatzstoffen im allgemeinen zwischen 0 und 25 Gew.-%, bevorzugt zwischen 0 und 20 Gew.-%.
Die Herstellung der erfindungsgemäßen Suspensionskonzentrate auf Ölbasis erfolgt in der Weise, dass man die Komponenten in den jeweils gewünschten Verhältnissen miteinander vermischt. Die Reihenfolge, in der die Bestandteile miteinander vermengt werden, ist beliebig. Zweckmäßigerweise setzt man die festen Komponenten in feingemahlenem Zustand ein. Es ist aber auch möglich, die nach dem Vermengen der Bestandteile entstehende Suspension zunächst einer Grob- und dann einer Feinmahlung zu unterziehen, so dass die mittlere Teilchengröße unterhalb von 20 μm liegt. Bevorzugt sind Suspensionskonzentrate, in denen die festen Partikel eine mittlere Teilchengröße zwischen 1 und 10 μm aufweisen.
Die Temperaturen können bei der Durchführung des erfϊndungsgemäßen Verfahrens in einem bestimmten Bereich variiert werden. Man arbeitet im allgemeinen bei Temperaturen zwischen 1O0C und 600C, vorzugsweise zwischen 15°C und 400C.
Zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens kommen übliche Misch- und Mahlgeräte in Betracht, die zur Herstellung von agrochemischen Formulierungen eingesetzt werden.
Bei den erfϊndungsgemäßen Suspensionskonzentraten auf Ölbasis handelt es sich um Formulierungen, die auch nach längerer Lagerung bei erhöhten Temperaturen oder in der Kälte stabil bleiben, da kein Kristallwachstum beobachtet wird. Sie lassen sich durch Verdünnen mit Wasser in homogene Spritzflüssigkeiten überführen. Die Anwendung dieser Spritzflüssigkeiten erfolgt nach üblichen Methoden, also zum Beispiel durch Verspritzen, Gießen oder Injizieren.
Die Aufwandmenge an den erfϊndungsgemäßen Suspensionskonzentraten auf Ölbasis kann innerhalb eines größeren Bereiches variiert werden. Sie richtet sich nach den jeweiligen agrochemischen Wirkstoffen und nach deren Gehalt in den Formulierungen.
Mit Hilfe der erfindungsgemäßen Suspensionskonzentrate auf Ölbasis lassen sich agrochemische Wirkstoffe, insbesondere aus der Reihe der Neonicotinoide, in besonders vorteilhafter Weise auf Pflanzen und/oder deren Lebensraum ausbringen.
Mit den erfindungsgemäßen Formulierungen können alle Pflanzen und Pflanzenteile behandelt werden. Unter Pflanzen werden hierbei alle Pflanzen und Pflanzenpopulationen verstanden, wie erwünschte und unerwünschte Wildpflanzen oder Kulturpflanzen (einschließlich natürlich vorkommender Kulturpflanzen). Kulturpflanzen können Pflanzen sein, die durch konventionelle Züchtungs- und Optimierungsmethoden oder durch biotechnologische und gentechnologische Methoden oder Kombinationen dieser Methoden erhalten werden können, einschließlich der transgenen Pflanzen und einschließlich der durch Sortenschutzrechte schützbaren oder nicht schützbaren Pflanzensorten. Unter Pflanzenteilen sollen alle oberirdischen und unterirdischen Teile und Organe der Pflanzen, wie Spross, Blatt, Blüte und Wurzel verstanden werden, wobei beispielhaft Blätter, Nadeln, Stängel, Stämme, Blüten, Fruchtkörper, Früchte und Samen sowie Wurzeln, Knollen und Rhizome aufgeführt werden. Zu den Pflanzenteilen gehört auch Erntegut sowie vegetatives und generatives Vermehrungsmaterial, beispielsweise Stecklinge, Knollen, Rhizome, Ableger und Samen.
Hervorgehoben sei hierbei die besonders vorteilhafte Wirkung der erfmdungsgemäßen Mittel hinsichtlich der Anwendung in Getreidepflanzen, wie z.B. Weizen, Hafer, Gerste, Dinkel, Triticale und Roggen, aber auch in Mais, Hirse, Reis, Zuckerrohr, Soja, Sonnenblumen, Kartoffeln, Baumwolle, Raps, Canola, Tabak, Zuckerrüben Futterrüben, Spargel, Hopfen sowie Obstpflanzen (umfassend Kernobst wie z.B. Äpfel und Birnen, Steinobst wie z.B. Pfirsiche, Nektarinen, Kirschen, Pflaumen und Aprikosen, Zitrusfrüchte wie z.B. Orangen, Grapefruits, Limetten, Zitronen, Kumquats, Mandarinen und Satsumas, Nüsse wie z.B. Pistazien, Mandeln, Walnüsse und Pecannüsse, tropische Früchte wie z.B. Mango, Papaya, Ananas, Datteln und Bananen, und Wein- trauben) und Gemüse (umfassend Blattgemüse, wie z.B. Endivien, Feldsalat, Knollenfenchel, Kopf- und Pflücksalate, Mangold, Spinat und Zichoriensalat, Kohlgemüse wie z.B. Blumenkohl, Brokkoli, Chinakohl, Grünkohl (Winter- oder Krauskohl), Kohlrabi, Rosenkohl, Rotkohl, Weißkohl und Wirsing, Fruchtgemüse wie z.B. Auberginen, Gurken, Paprika, Speisekürbisse, Tomaten, Zucchini und Zuckermais, Wurzelgemüse wie z.B. Knollensellerie, Mairüben, Möhren, Gelbe Rüben, Radieschen,' Rettich, Rote Rüben, Schwarzwurzeln und Stangensellerie, Hülsenfrüchte wie z.B. Erbsen und Bohnen sowie Zwiebelgemüse wie z.B. Lauch und Speisezwiebeln).
Die erfindungsgemäße Behandlung der Pflanzen und Pflanzenteile mit den erfindungsgemäßen Formulierungen erfolgt direkt oder durch Einwirkung auf deren Umgebung, Lebensraum oder
Lagerraum nach den üblichen Behandlungsmethoden, z.B. durch Tauchen, Sprühen, Verdampfen, Vernebeln, Streuen, Aufstreichen und bei Vermehrungsmaterial, insbesondere bei Samen, weiterhin durch ein- oder mehrschichtiges Umhüllen.
Die enthaltenen agrochemischen Wirkstoffe entfalten dabei eine bessere biologische Wirksamkeit als bei Applikation in Form der entsprechenden herkömmlichen Formulierungen.
Die Erfindung wird durch die folgenden Beispiele veranschaulicht.
Herstellungsbeispiele
Beispiel 1
Zur Herstellung eines Suspensionskonzentrates werden
183 g Imidacloprid, 100 g Polyoxyethylen-sorbitol-oleat
25 g einfach verzweigtes Alkoholethoxylate (20 EO) 42 g eines Gemisches aus Alkylarylsulphonat und Ethylhexanol 20 g Ligninsulfonat 0,5 g Polydimethylsiloxan 2 g Butylhydroxytoluol
unter Rühren bei Raumtemperatur in ein Gemisch aus
200,0 g Alkanol-Alkoxylat der Formel
R-O-(EO)6-H
in welcher
R für Alkyl mit 12 bis 14 Kohlenstoffatomen steht,
EO für -CH2-CH2-O steht,
und
der Zahl 6 einen Durchschnittswert darstellt, und
427,5 g Sonnenblumenöl
gegeben. Nach beendeter Zugabe wird noch 10 Minuten bei Raumtemperatur nachgerührt. Die dabei entstehende homogene Suspension wird zunächst einer Grob- und dann eine Feinmahlung unterworfen, so dass eine Suspension erhalten wird, in der 90 % der Feststoffpartikel eine Teilchengröße unter 6 μm aufweisen.
Beispiel 2
Zur Herstellung eines Suspensionskonzentrates werden
196 g Imidacloprid, 100 g Pόlyoxyethylen-sorbitol-oleat 50 g Polyoxyalkylenaminderivat 50 g Ligninsulfonat
1 g Silikonmasse
2 g Butylhydroxytoluol
unter Rühren bei Raumtemperatur in ein Gemisch aus
200,0 g Alkanol-Alkoxylat der Formel
R-O-(EO)6-H
in welcher
R für Alkyl mit 12 bis 14 Kohlenstoffatomen steht,
EO für -CH2-CH2-O steht,
und
der Zahl 6 einen Durchschnittswert darstellt, und
401 g Sonnenblumenöl
gegeben. Nach beendeter Zugabe wird noch 10 Minuten bei Raumtemperatur nachgerührt. Die dabei entstehende homogene Suspension wird zunächst einer Grob- und dann eine Feinmahlung unterworfen, so dass eine Suspension erhalten wird, in der 90 % der Feststoffpartikel eine Teilchengröße unter 6 μm aufweisen.
Beispiel 3
Zur Herstellung eines Suspensionskonzentrates werden
196 g Imidacloprid, 100 g Polyoxyethylen-sorbitol-oleat 50 g Polyoxyalkylenfettsäureglycerid 50 g Ligninsulfonat 0,5 g Polydimethylsiloxan 2 g Butylhydroxytoluol
unter Rühren bei Raumtemperatur in ein Gemisch aus
200,0 g Alkanol-Alkoxylat der Formel
R-O-(EO)6-H
in welcher
R für Alkyl mit 12 bis 14 Kohlenstoffatomen steht,
EO für -CH2-CH2-O steht,
und
der Zahl 6 einen Durchschnittswert darstellt, und
401,5 g Sonnenblumenöl
gegeben. Nach beendeter Zugabe wird noch 10 Minuten bei Raumtemperatur nachgerührt. Die dabei entstehende homogene Suspension wird zunächst einer Grob- und dann eine Feinmahlung unterworfen, so dass eine Suspension erhalten wird, in der 90 % der Feststoffpartikel eine Teilchengröße unter 6 μm aufweisen.
Beispiel 4
Zur Herstellung eines Suspensionskonzentrates werden
320 g Imidacloprid, 100 g Polyoxyethylen-sorbitol-oleat 50 g Polyoxyalkylenaminderivat 10 g Ligninsulfonat 0,5 g Polydimethylsiloxan 2 g Butylhydroxytoluol
unter Rühren bei Raumtemperatur in ein Gemisch aus
200,0 g Alkanol-Alkoxylat der Formel
R-O-(EO)6-H
in welcher
R für Alkyl mit 12 bis 14 Kohlenstoffatomen steht,
EO für -CH2-CH2-O steht,
und
der Zahl 6 einen Durchschnittswert darstellt, und
317,5 g Sonnenblumenöl
gegeben. Nach beendeter Zugabe wird noch 10 Minuten bei Raumtemperatur nachgerührt. Die dabei entstehende homogene Suspension wird zunächst einer Grob- und dann eine Feinmahlung unterworfen, so dass eine Suspension erhalten wird, in der 90 % der Feststoffpartikel eine Teilchengröße unter 6 μm aufweisen.
Beispiel 5
Zur Herstellung eines Suspensionskonzentrates werden
225 g Imidacloprid,
100 g Polyoxyethylen-sorbitol-oleat 50 g Polyoxyalkylenaminderivat
20 g Ligninsulfonat
0,5 g Polydimethylsiloxan
2 g Butylhydroxytoluol
unter Rühren bei Raumtemperatur in ein Gemisch aus
200,0 g Alkanol-Alkoxylat der Formel
R-O-(EO)6-H
in welcher
R für Alkyl mit 12 bis 14 Kohlenstoffatomen steht,
EO für -CH2-CH2-O steht,
und
der Zahl 6 einen Durchschnittswert darstellt, und
402,5 g Sonnenblumenöl
gegeben. Nach beendeter Zugabe wird noch 10 Minuten bei Raumtemperatur nachgerührt. Die dabei entstehende homogene Suspension wird zunächst einer Grob- und dann eine Feinmahlung unterworfen, so dass eine Suspension erhalten wird, in der 90 % der Feststoffpartikel eine Teilchengröße unter 6 μm aufweisen.
Beispiel 6
Zur Herstellung eines Suspensionskonzentrates werden
196 g Imidacloprid, 100 g Polyoxyethylen-sorbitol-oleat
50 g Polyoxyalkylenaminderivativ
20 g Ligninsulfonat
0,5 g Polydimethylsiloxan
2 g Butylhydroxytoluol
unter Rühren bei Raumtemperatur in ein Gemisch aus
200,0 g Alkanol-Alkoxylat der Formel
R-O-(EO)6-H
in welcher
R für Alkyl mit 12 bis 14 Kohlenstoffatomen steht,
EO für -CH2-CH2-O steht,
und
der Zahl 6 einen Durchschnittswert darstellt, und
431,5 g Sonnenblumenöl
gegeben. Nach beendeter Zugabe wird noch 10 Minuten bei Raumtemperatur nachgerührt. Die dabei entstehende homogene Suspension wird zunächst einer Grob- und dann eine Feinmahlung unterworfen, so dass eine Suspension erhalten wird, in der 90 % der Feststoffpartikel eine Teilchengröße unter 6 μm aufweisen.
In den Beispielen sind folgende Produkte verwendet worden:
Antifoam 1500: Silikonmasse Arlaton T(V): Polyoxyethylen-sorbitol-oleat Atlas G 1281: Polyoxyalkylenfettsäureglycerid Atlox MBA 13/20: einfach verzweigtes Alkoholethoxylat (20 EO) Atlox 4838 B: Gemisch aus Alkylarylsulphonat und Ethylhexanol Borresperse NA: Ligninsulfonat Lutensol TO 6: Alkanol-Alkoxylat der Formel R-O-(EO)6-H Silfoam l l32: Polydimethlsiloxan Vulkanox BHT: Buthylhydroxytoluol Zephrym PD 7000: Polyoxyalkylenaminderivat
Verwendungsbeispiel I
Penetrationstest
In diesem Test wurde die Penetration von Wirkstoffen durch enzymatisch isolierte Kutikeln von Apfelbaumblättern gemessen.
Verwendet wurden Blätter, die in voll entwickeltem Zustand von Apfelbäumen der Sorte Golden Delicious abgeschnitten wurden. Die Isolierung der Kutikeln erfolgte in der Weise, dass
zunächst auf der Unterseite mit Farbstoff markierte und ausgestanzte Blattscheiben mittels Vakuuminfütration mit einer auf einen pH- Wert zwischen 3 und 4 gepufferten Pectinase- Lösung (0,2 bis 2 %ig) gefüllt wurden,
- dann Natriumazid hinzugefügt wurde und
die so behandelten Blattscheiben bis zur Auflösung der ursprünglichen Blattstruktur und zur Ablösung der nicht zellulären Kutikula stehen gelassen wurden.
Danach wurden nur die von Spaltöffnungen und Haaren freien Kutikeln der Blattoberseiten weiter verwendet. Sie wurden mehrfach abwechselnd mit Wasser und einer Pufferlösung vom pH-Wert 7 gewaschen. Die erhaltenen sauberen Kutikel wurden schließlich auf Teflonplättchen aufgezogen und mit einem schwachen Luftstrahl geglättet und getrocknet.
Im nächsten Schritt wurden die so gewonnenen Kutikelmembranen für Membran-Transport- Untersuchungen in Diffusionszellen (= Transportkammern) aus Edelstahl eingelegt. Dazu wurden die Kutikeln mit einer Pinzette mittig auf die mit Silikonfett bestrichenen Ränder der Diffusions- zellen plaziert und mit einem ebenfalls gefetteten Ring verschlossen. Die Anordnung war so gewählt worden, dass die morphologische Außenseite der Kutikeln nach außen, also zur Luft, gerichtet war, während die ursprüngliche Innenseite dem Inneren der Diffusionszelle zugewandt war.
Die Diffusionszellen waren mit einer l%igen Phospholipidsuspension befüllt. Zur Bestimmung der Penetration wurden jeweils 10 μl der Spritzbrühe der nachstehenden Zusammensetzung mit radioaktiv markiertem Imidacloprid auf die Außenseite der Kutikula appliziert. Das Ansetzen der Spritzbrühe erfolgt mit lokalem Leitungswasser mittlerer Wasserhärte.
Nach dem Auftragen der Spritzbrühen ließ man das Wasser verdunsten, drehte die Kammern um und stellte sie in thermostatisierte Wannen, in denen die Temperatur und Luftfeuchte über der Kutikula durch einen leichten Luftstrom auf die Kutikula mit dem Spritzbelag einstellbar war
(200C3 60 % rh). In regelmäßigen Abständen wurden von einem Autosampier Aliquots entnommen und im Szintillationszähler gemessen.
Die Versuchsergebnisse gehen aus der folgenden Tabelle hervor. Bei den angegebenen Zahlen handelt es sich um Durchschnittswerte aus 6 bis 8 Messungen.
^ Clathrate aus Alkoholethoxylaten und Harnstoff
Verwendungsbeispiel TL
Weitere Versuche wurden mit ganzen Pflanzen durchgeführt. Dabei wurden jeweils zwei mal 3 μl von Spritzbrühen mit Condifor SL200 (Vergleich) und OD200 (gemäß Beispiel 2) auf Blätter der in der Tabelle beschriebenen Pflanzen appliziert. Nach Verdunstung wurden die Pflanzen in
Klimaschränken inkubiert (Tag: 200C5 60 % rel. Luftfeuchte, Lichtintensität PAR 200 μE/m 2 s'1;
Nacht: 15°C, 80 %) und nach 3 - 4 Tagen durch Waschen der Blattoberfläche und Stripping mit
Celluloseacetat (Silcox und Holloway, 1986) die nicht aufgenommene Menge bestimmt. Die nachfolgende Tabelle zeigte die Mittelwerte aus 3 - 4 Wiederholungen.
* Penetration nach 4 Tagen über nicht abwaschbare Menge bzw. nicht von der Oberfläche mittels Cellulose Stripping-Technik entfernbaren Anteil (nach Silcox and Holloway, 1986) sowie zusätzlich Autoradiographie
Silcox, D., Holloway, P. (1986), Aspects of Applied Biology 11, 13-16
Verwendungsbeispiel HI
Imidacloprid gesprüht auf Zitrus- und Steinfrüchte (0,05 Gew.-%, 1000 l/ha) gegen Dysaphis plantaginea.
Die folgende Tabelle enthält Durchschnittswerte über mehrere Freilandversuche in Spanien, wo die Formulierung gemäß Beispiel 2 (0,05 Gew.-% Konzentration mit 1000 l/ha) mit der Handels- formulierung Confidor SL 200 verglichen wurde.
% Abbott = 100* (Befall Kontrolle - Befall Behandlung)/ Befall Kontrolle
voller Befall Behandlung = keine Wirkung = 0 % Abbott kein Befall Behandlung = volle Wirkung = 100 % Abbott
DAA = (Tage nach der Behandlung)
Verwendungsbeispiel IV
Penetrationstest wie beschrieben
Spritzbrühe A
o,i g Imidacloprid
0,32 g Sonnenblumenöl
0,05 g Polyoxyethylen-sorbitol-oleat
0,025 g Polyoxyalkylenaminderivat
0,01 g Ligninsulfonat in 1 Liter Wasser.
Spritzbrühe B
o,i g Imidacloprid
0,2 g Alkanol-alkoxyat aus Herstellungsbeispiel 1
0,05 g Polyoxyethylen-sorbitol-oleat
0,025 g Polyoxyalkylenaminederivat
0,01 g Ligninsulfonat in 1 Liter Wasser.
Spritzbrühe C
0,1 g Imidacloprid
0,44 g Sonnenblumenöl
0,1 g Alkanol-alkoxyat aus Herstellungsbeispiel 1
0,05 g Polyoxyethylen-sorbitol-oleat
0,025 g Polyoxyalkylenaminderivat 0,01 g Ligninsulfonat in 1 Liter Wasser.
Spritzbrühe D
O3I g Imidacloprid
0,03 g Acrylic graft copolymer (Atlox 4913)
0,01 g Tristyrylphenolethoxylat 0,1 g Glycerin in 1 Liter Wasser.
In den Spritzbrühen wurde jeweils CIP AC- Wasser verwendet.
Die Versuchsergebnisse gehen aus der folgenden Tabelle hervor. Bei den angegebenen Zahlen handelt es sich um Durchschnittswerte von 5 Messungen.
Tabelle II
Claims
1. Suspensionskonzentrate auf Ölbasis, umfassend
mindestens ein Insektizid aus der Reihe der Neonicotinoide,
mindestens einen Penetrationsförderer aus der Reihe der Alkoholethoxylate der Formel (I)
R- O - (EO)1n -R' (I)
worin
R für verzweigtes oder unverzweigtes Cg-Cis-Alkyl steht,
m für 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 oder 15 steht,
R' für Wasserstoff oder CrQ-Alkyl steht und
E für CH2-CH2 steht,
mindestens ein Pflanzenöl,
mindestens ein nicht-ionischen Tensid bzw. Dispergierhilfsmittel und/oder mindestens ein anionisches Tensid bzw. Dispergierhilfsmittel.
2. Suspensionskonzentrat gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es weiterhin einen oder mehrere Zusatzstoffe aus den Gruppen der Emulgiermittel, der schaumhemmenden Mittel, der Konservierungsmittel, der Antioxydantien, der Farbstoffe und/oder der inerten Füllmaterialien umfasst..
3. Verfahren zur Herstellung von Suspensionskonzentraten gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass man
mindestens ein Insektizid aus der Reihe Neonicotinoide,
mindestens einen Penetrationsförderer aus der Reihe der Alkoholethoxylate der Formel (I)
R- O - (EO)1n -R' (I)
worin R für verzweigtes oder unverzweigtes Cg-Cj 5-Alkyl steht,
m für 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 oder 15 steht,
R' für Wasserstoff oder CrC6-Alkyl steht und
E für CH2-CH2 steht,
- mindestens ein Pflanzenöl,
mindestens ein nicht-ionisches Tensid bzw. Dispergierhilfsmittel und/oder mindestens ein anionisches Tensid bzw. Dispergierhilfsmittel und
miteinander vermischt und die entstehende Suspension gegebenenfalls anschließend mahlt.
4. Verfahren zur Herstellung von Suspensionkonzentraten gemäß Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass man
mindestens ein Insektizid aus der Reihe Neonicotinoide,
mindestens einen Penetrationsförderer aus der Reihe der Alkoholethoxylate der Formel (I)
R- O - (EO)1n - R' (I)
worin
R für verzweigtes oder unverzweigtes Cg-Ci5-Alkyl steht,
m für 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 oder 15 steht,
R' für Wasserstoff oder CrC6-Alkyl steht und
E für CH2-CH2 steht,
- mindestens ein Pflanzenöl,
mindestens ein nicht-ionisches Tensid bzw. Dispergierhilfsmittel und/oder mindestens ein anionisches Tensid bzw. Dispergierhilfsmittel und
einen oder mehrere Zusatzstoffe aus den Gruppen der Emulgiermittel, der schaumhemmenden Mittel, der Konservierungsmittel, der Antioxydantien, der Farbstoffe und/oder der inerten Füllmaterialien miteinander vermischt und die entstehende Suspension gegebenenfalls anschließend mahlt.
5. Verfahren zur Bekämpfung von Insekten, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass man ein Suspensionskonzentrat gemäß Anspruch 1 und/oder 2 in solch einer Weise verdünnt oder unverdünnt auf Insekten oder ihren Lebensraum appliziert, dass eine insektizid wirksame Menge des enthaltenen Wirkstoffs auf die Insekten einwirkt.
6. Verwendung eines Suspensionskonzentrates gemäß Anspruch 1 und/oder 2 zur Bekämpfung von Schadinsekten, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass man ein Suspensionskonzentrat gemäß Anspruch 1 und/oder 2 in solch einer Weise verdünnt, oder unverdünnt auf Insekten oder ihren Lebensraum appliziert, dass eine insektizid wirksame Menge des enthaltenen Wirkstoffs auf die Insekten einwirkt.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102005018262A DE102005018262A1 (de) | 2005-04-20 | 2005-04-20 | Suspensionskonzentrate auf Ölbasis |
| PCT/EP2006/003202 WO2006111279A1 (de) | 2005-04-20 | 2006-04-07 | Suspensionskonzentrate auf ölbasis |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1874115A1 true EP1874115A1 (de) | 2008-01-09 |
Family
ID=36588943
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP06724140A Withdrawn EP1874115A1 (de) | 2005-04-20 | 2006-04-07 | Suspensionskonzentrate auf ölbasis |
Country Status (17)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20110086887A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP1874115A1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP2008536882A (de) |
| KR (1) | KR20080002969A (de) |
| CN (1) | CN101193553A (de) |
| AR (1) | AR053362A1 (de) |
| AU (1) | AU2006237085B2 (de) |
| BR (1) | BRPI0610045A2 (de) |
| CA (1) | CA2605219A1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102005018262A1 (de) |
| IL (1) | IL186679A0 (de) |
| MA (1) | MA29410B1 (de) |
| RU (1) | RU2416198C2 (de) |
| TW (1) | TW200704366A (de) |
| UA (1) | UA89230C2 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2006111279A1 (de) |
| ZA (1) | ZA200708894B (de) |
Families Citing this family (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102005048539A1 (de) * | 2005-10-11 | 2007-04-12 | Bayer Cropscience Ag | Suspensionskonzentrate auf Ölbasis |
| EP1905302A1 (de) | 2006-09-30 | 2008-04-02 | Bayer CropScience AG | Suspensionskonzentrate |
| EP2002719A1 (de) * | 2007-06-12 | 2008-12-17 | Bayer CropScience AG | Adjuvans-Zusammensetzung auf Ölbasis |
| EP2092822A1 (de) * | 2008-02-25 | 2009-08-26 | Bayer CropScience AG | Suspensionskonzentrate auf Ölbasis |
| US20120122696A1 (en) * | 2010-05-27 | 2012-05-17 | Bayer Cropscience Ag | Use of oil based suspension concentrates for reducing drift during spray application |
| JP2013529660A (ja) * | 2010-06-29 | 2013-07-22 | バイエル・インテレクチユアル・プロパテイー・ゲー・エム・ベー・ハー | 環状カルボニルアミジン類を含む改善された殺虫剤組成物 |
| EP2422619A1 (de) | 2010-08-31 | 2012-02-29 | Cheminova A/S | Neonicotinyl-Formulierungen |
| CN107484767A (zh) * | 2017-08-14 | 2017-12-19 | 江苏龙灯化学有限公司 | 一种油基悬浮剂及其制备方法和用途 |
| EP3878279A1 (de) | 2020-03-10 | 2021-09-15 | Bayer Aktiengesellschaft | Verwendung von ölbasierten suspo-emulsion-konzentraten zur verringerung des verwehens bei sprühanwendungen |
| CN113749089B (zh) * | 2020-06-02 | 2023-11-03 | 江苏龙灯化学有限公司 | 一种具有改善的稳定性的油分散组合物 |
| GB202207660D0 (en) * | 2022-05-25 | 2022-07-06 | Upl Mauritius Ltd | Fungicide composition |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4082724B2 (ja) * | 1995-06-28 | 2008-04-30 | バイエル・アクチエンゲゼルシヤフト | 有害生物防除剤及び除草剤として使用される2,4,5−三置換されたフェニルケト−エノール |
| DE10118076A1 (de) * | 2001-04-11 | 2002-10-17 | Bayer Ag | Verwendung von Fettalkoholethoxylaten als Penetrationsförderer |
| DE10129855A1 (de) * | 2001-06-21 | 2003-01-02 | Bayer Ag | Suspensionskonzentrate auf Ölbasis |
| DE102004011007A1 (de) * | 2004-03-06 | 2005-09-22 | Bayer Cropscience Ag | Suspensionskonzentrate auf Ölbasis |
-
2005
- 2005-04-20 DE DE102005018262A patent/DE102005018262A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2006
- 2006-04-07 CN CNA2006800209326A patent/CN101193553A/zh active Pending
- 2006-04-07 EP EP06724140A patent/EP1874115A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2006-04-07 BR BRPI0610045-7A patent/BRPI0610045A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2006-04-07 WO PCT/EP2006/003202 patent/WO2006111279A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2006-04-07 JP JP2008506964A patent/JP2008536882A/ja not_active Withdrawn
- 2006-04-07 RU RU2007142432/21A patent/RU2416198C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2006-04-07 US US11/912,069 patent/US20110086887A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2006-04-07 UA UAA200712888A patent/UA89230C2/ru unknown
- 2006-04-07 AU AU2006237085A patent/AU2006237085B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-04-07 KR KR1020077026675A patent/KR20080002969A/ko not_active Ceased
- 2006-04-07 CA CA002605219A patent/CA2605219A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2006-04-18 AR ARP060101524A patent/AR053362A1/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2006-04-19 TW TW095113867A patent/TW200704366A/zh unknown
-
2007
- 2007-10-16 IL IL186679A patent/IL186679A0/en unknown
- 2007-10-17 ZA ZA200708894A patent/ZA200708894B/xx unknown
- 2007-10-29 MA MA30329A patent/MA29410B1/fr unknown
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2006111279A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AR053362A1 (es) | 2007-05-02 |
| TW200704366A (en) | 2007-02-01 |
| JP2008536882A (ja) | 2008-09-11 |
| MA29410B1 (fr) | 2008-04-01 |
| CN101193553A (zh) | 2008-06-04 |
| CA2605219A1 (en) | 2006-10-26 |
| RU2007142432A (ru) | 2009-05-27 |
| BRPI0610045A2 (pt) | 2010-05-25 |
| US20110086887A1 (en) | 2011-04-14 |
| AU2006237085A1 (en) | 2006-10-26 |
| RU2416198C2 (ru) | 2011-04-20 |
| IL186679A0 (en) | 2008-02-09 |
| AU2006237085B2 (en) | 2011-04-28 |
| WO2006111279A1 (de) | 2006-10-26 |
| KR20080002969A (ko) | 2008-01-04 |
| ZA200708894B (en) | 2009-05-27 |
| DE102005018262A1 (de) | 2006-10-26 |
| UA89230C2 (ru) | 2010-01-11 |
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