EP1869246A1 - Matieres composites regulatrices d'humidite - Google Patents

Matieres composites regulatrices d'humidite

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Publication number
EP1869246A1
EP1869246A1 EP06725526A EP06725526A EP1869246A1 EP 1869246 A1 EP1869246 A1 EP 1869246A1 EP 06725526 A EP06725526 A EP 06725526A EP 06725526 A EP06725526 A EP 06725526A EP 1869246 A1 EP1869246 A1 EP 1869246A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
water
hygroscopic substance
composites
carrier material
monomer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP06725526A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Dennis LÖSCH
Stefan Bruhns
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BASF SE
Original Assignee
BASF SE
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Publication date
Application filed by BASF SE filed Critical BASF SE
Publication of EP1869246A1 publication Critical patent/EP1869246A1/fr
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/0056—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the compounding ingredients of the macro-molecular coating
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
    • C08J5/04—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material
    • C08J5/10—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material characterised by the additives used in the polymer mixture
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
    • D06M11/07—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with halogens; with halogen acids or salts thereof; with oxides or oxyacids of halogens or salts thereof
    • D06M11/11—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with halogens; with halogen acids or salts thereof; with oxides or oxyacids of halogens or salts thereof with halogen acids or salts thereof
    • D06M11/13—Ammonium halides or halides of elements of Groups 1 or 11 of the Periodic Table
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
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    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
    • D06M11/32—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
    • D06M11/36—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond with oxides, hydroxides or mixed oxides; with salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
    • D06M11/48—Oxides or hydroxides of chromium, molybdenum or tungsten; Chromates; Dichromates; Molybdates; Tungstates
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
    • D06M11/51—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with sulfur, selenium, tellurium, polonium or compounds thereof
    • D06M11/55—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with sulfur, selenium, tellurium, polonium or compounds thereof with sulfur trioxide; with sulfuric acid or thiosulfuric acid or their salts
    • D06M11/56—Sulfates or thiosulfates other than of elements of Groups 3 or 13 of the Periodic Table
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
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    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
    • D06M11/58—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with nitrogen or compounds thereof, e.g. with nitrides
    • D06M11/64—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with nitrogen or compounds thereof, e.g. with nitrides with nitrogen oxides; with oxyacids of nitrogen or their salts
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
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    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/10—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen
    • D06M13/144—Alcohols; Metal alcoholates
    • D06M13/148—Polyalcohols, e.g. glycerol or glucose
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M14/00—Graft polymerisation of monomers containing carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds on to fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/01—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with natural macromolecular compounds or derivatives thereof
    • D06M15/03—Polysaccharides or derivatives thereof
    • D06M15/11—Starch or derivatives thereof
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • D06M15/21—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • D06M15/21—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M15/263—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of unsaturated carboxylic acids; Salts or esters thereof
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • D06M15/21—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M15/285—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of unsaturated carboxylic acid amides or imides
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • D06M15/21—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M15/327—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of unsaturated alcohols or esters thereof
    • D06M15/333—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of unsaturated alcohols or esters thereof of vinyl acetate; Polyvinylalcohol
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • D06M15/21—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M15/356—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of other unsaturated compounds containing nitrogen, sulfur, silicon or phosphorus atoms
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/04—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/04—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06N3/042—Acrylic polymers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2333/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2333/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of acids; Metal or ammonium salts thereof
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
    • Y10T442/2484—Coating or impregnation is water absorbency-increasing or hydrophilicity-increasing or hydrophilicity-imparting

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to moisture-controlling composites, to processes for their preparation and to their use for moisture regulation.
  • Water-absorbing polymers are, in particular, polymers of (co) polymerized hydrophilic monomers, graft (co) polymers of one or more hydrophilic monomers on a suitable graft base, crosslinked cellulose or starch ethers, crosslinked carboxymethylcellulose, partially crosslinked polyalkylene oxide or natural products swellable in aqueous liquids, such as guar derivatives.
  • Such polymers are used as aqueous solution-absorbing products for making diapers, tampons, sanitary napkins and other sanitary articles, but also as water-retaining agents in agricultural horticulture.
  • WO-A-01/56625, EP-A-1 178 149 and US Pat. No. 5,962,068 describe processes for producing water-absorbing composites in which water-absorbing polymers are copolymerized onto a support material.
  • WO-A-00/64311 discloses composites wherein water-absorbing polymers have been polymerized onto a support material. The composites are used to regulate moisture in seat cushions.
  • JP-A-05-105705 relates to non-flowable dry agent, consisting of a carrier material and hygroscopic salts, wherein the hygroscopic salts are fixed by means of water-absorbing polymers on the support material.
  • Object of the present invention was to provide moisture-regulating composites that can absorb reversibly large amounts of water vapor. Furthermore, the object was to find water vapor-absorbing composites with high mechanical stability.
  • the object of the present invention has been achieved by moisture-regulating composites comprising
  • ratio of hygroscopic substance b) to polymer c) is between 0.01 and 1.
  • the ratio of hygroscopic substance b) to polymer c) is preferably less than 0.8, preferably less than 0.6, more preferably less than 0.5, most preferably less than 0.4, and at least 0.05, preferably at least 0.1, more preferably at least 0.15.
  • the support materials a) are not subject to any restriction.
  • Preferred support materials are fabrics and / or nonwovens, as described in WO-A-01/56625 on page 16, line 40, to page 20, line 27 described.
  • Suitable carrier materials a) are, for example, woven or nonwoven fabrics made of synthetic polymeric fibers.
  • the fibers may be of any spinnable polymeric material, for example, polyolefins such as polyethylene or polypropylene, polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate, polyamides such as Nylon® 6 or Nylon® 6,6, polyacrylates, modified celluloses such as cellulose acetate.
  • polyolefins such as polyethylene or polypropylene
  • polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate
  • polyamides such as Nylon® 6 or Nylon® 6,6, polyacrylates
  • modified celluloses such as cellulose acetate.
  • mixtures of the above-mentioned polymeric materials can be used.
  • Fabrics are products of crossed threads, preferably crossed threads at right angles.
  • Nonwovens are nonwoven products made of fibers, where the cohesion is generally given by the inherent adhesion of the fibers.
  • Preferably nonwovens are mechanically consolidated, for example by needling, meshing or vortexing by means of sharp water or air jets.
  • Nonwovens can also be bonded adhesively or cohesively.
  • Adhesively bonded nonwovens are obtainable, for example, by bonding the fibers with liquid binding agents or by melting binder fibers which have been added to the nonwoven during manufacture.
  • Cohesively consolidated nonwovens are obtainable, for example, by dissolving the fibers with suitable chemicals and applying pressure.
  • the support materials advantageously have a weight per unit area of from 20 to 200 g / m 2 , preferably from 30 to 150 g / m 2 , particularly preferably from 35 to 125 g / m 2 .
  • the density of the support materials is usually 0.005 to 0.2 g / cm 3 , preferably from 0.008 to 0.16 g / cm 3 , particularly preferably from 0.01 to 0.14 g / cm 3 .
  • Hygroscopic substances b) are substances capable of absorbing water vapor, that is, water vapor from the air condenses on the hygroscopic substance, whereby the water content of the hygroscopic substance b) increases.
  • Hygroscopic substances b) are, for example, inorganic salts, such as sodium chloride, lead nitrate, zinc sulfate, sodium perchlorate, chromium oxide or lithium chloride, or at least partially crystalline organic compounds, such as water-soluble polyacrylic acids.
  • Hygroscopic inorganic salts are preferred hygroscopic substances b). Most preferred is sodium chloride.
  • Particularly advantageous hygroscopic substances b) are compounds in which above a saturated aqueous solution at 2O 0 C in equilibrium a relative humidity of less than 95%, preferably less than 90%, preferably less than 85%, particularly preferably less than 80% and at least 40%, preferably at least 45%, preferably at least 50%, more preferably at least 55%, most preferably at least 60%.
  • the relative humidity is the quotient of water vapor partial pressure and water vapor pressure multiplied by 100%.
  • the hygroscopic substance b) is distributed in the polymerized-on water-absorbing polymer.
  • relative humidity of more than 90% is perceived as unpleasant, since perspiration is promoted at high air humidity.
  • relative humidities below 40% are also not advantageous since such low relative humidities do not further increase seating comfort and only make it more difficult to desorb already absorbed moisture during periods of non-use.
  • the moisture-regulating composites of the invention can be obtained by polymerization of a monomer solution containing
  • the ratio of hygroscopic substance ii) to monomer i) is preferably less than 0.8, preferably less than 0.6, more preferably less than 0.5, even more preferably less than 0.4, and at least 0.05, preferably at least 0.1, more preferably at least 0.15.
  • Suitable monomers i) are, for example, ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids, such as acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid and itaconic acid, or derivatives thereof, such as acrylamide, methacrylamide, acrylic esters and methacrylic acid esters. Preference is given to monomers containing acidic groups i). Particularly preferred monomers are acrylic acid and methacrylic acid. Very particular preference is given to acrylic acid.
  • Preferred hydroquinone half ethers are hydroquinone monomethyl ether (MEHQ) and / or tocopherols.
  • Tocopherol is understood as meaning compounds of the following formula
  • R 1 is hydrogen or methyl
  • R 2 is hydrogen or methyl
  • R 3 is hydrogen or methyl
  • R 4 is hydrogen or an acid radical having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
  • R 4 Preferred radicals for R 4 are acetyl, ascorbyl, succinyl, nicotinyl and other physiologically acceptable carboxylic acids.
  • the carboxylic acids can be mono-, di- or tricarboxylic acids.
  • R 4 is particularly preferably hydrogen or acetyl. Especially preferred is RRR-alpha-tocopherol.
  • the monomer solution preferably contains at most 130 ppm by weight, more preferably at most 70 ppm by weight, preferably at least 10 ppm by weight, more preferably at least 30 ppm by weight, especially preferably around 50 ppm by weight, hydroquinone halide, in each case based on acrylic acid, wherein acrylic acid salts are mathematically taken into account as acrylic acid.
  • acrylic acid salts are mathematically taken into account as acrylic acid.
  • an acrylic acid having a corresponding content of hydroquinone half-ether can be used to prepare the monomer solution.
  • hygroscopic substances ii) which can be used in the process according to the invention have already been described above as hygroscopic substances b).
  • the water-absorbing polymers are crosslinked, i. the polymerization is carried out in the presence of compounds having at least two polymerisable groups which can be radically copolymerized into the polymer network.
  • Suitable crosslinkers iii) are, for example, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, diethylene glycol ideacrylate, allyl methacrylate, trimethylolpropane triacrylate, triallylamine, tetraallyloxyethane, as described in EP-A-0 530 438, di- and triacryates, as in EP-A-0 547 847, EP-A-0 559 476, EP-A-0 632 068, WO-A-93/21237, WO-A-03/104299, WO-A-03/104300, WO-A-03/104301 and in DE-A-103 31 450, mixed acrylates, in addition to Acry lat groups contain further ethylenically unsaturated groups, as described in
  • Suitable crosslinkers iii) include in particular N, N'-methylenebisacrylamide and N 1 N'-methylenebismethacrylamide, esters of unsaturated mono- or polycarboxylic acids acrylate of polyols, such as diacrylate or triacrylate, for example butanediol or ethylene glycol di acrylate or methacrylate and Trimethyloipropantriacrylat and allyl compounds, such as allyl (meth) acrylate, triallyl cyanurate, maleic acid diallyl esters, polyallyl esters, tetraallyloxyethane, triallylamine, tetraallylethylenediamine, allyl esters of phosphoric acid and vinylphosphonic acid derivatives, as described, for example, in EP-AO 343 427.
  • esters of unsaturated mono- or polycarboxylic acids acrylate of polyols such as diacrylate or triacrylate, for example butanediol or ethylene glyco
  • crosslinkers iii) are pentaerythritol di-, pentaerythritol tri- and pentaerythritol tetraallyl ethers, polyethylene glycol diallyl ether, ethylene glycol diallyl ether, glycerol di- and glycerol triallyl ether, polyhalide ethers based on sorbitol, and ethoxylated variants thereof.
  • Useful in the process according to the invention are di (meth) acrylates of polyethylene glycols, wherein the polyethylene glycol used has a molecular weight between 300 and 1000.
  • crosslinkers iii) are di- and triacrylates of 3 to 20 times ethoxylated glycerol, 3 to 20 times ethoxylated trimethylolpropane, 3 to 20 times ethoxylated trimethylolethane, in particular di- and triacrylates of 2 to 6-fold ethoxylated glycerol or trimethylolpropane, the 3-fold propoxylated glycerol or trimethylolpropane, and the 3-times mixed ethoxylated or propoxylated glycerol or trimethylolpropane, the 15-times ethoxylated glycerol or trimethylolpropane, and at least 40-times ethoxylated glycerol, Trimethylolethane or trimethylolpropane.
  • Very particularly preferred crosslinkers iii) are the polyethoxylated and / or propoxylated glycerols esterified with acrylic acid or methacrylic acid to form di- or triacrylates, as described, for example, in WO-A-03/104301. Particularly advantageous are di- and / or triacrylates of 3- to 10-fold ethoxylated glycerol. Very particular preference is given to diacrylates or triacrylates of 1 to 5 times ethoxylated and / or propoxylated glycerol. Most preferred are the triacrylates of 3 to 5 times ethoxylated and / or propoxylated glycerin.
  • acrylamide, methacrylamide, crotonamide, dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate, dimethylaminoethyl acrylate, dimethylaminopropyl acrylate, diethylaminopropyl acrylate, dimethylaminobutyl acrylate, dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate, diethylaminoethyl methacrylate, dimethylaminoneopentyl acrylate and dimethylaminoneopentyl methacrylate are monomers which can be copolymerized with the monomers i).
  • water-soluble polymers v) it is possible to use polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, starch, starch derivatives, polyglycols or polyacrylic acids, preferably polyvinyl alcohol and starch.
  • Hygroscopic polymers such as soluble polyacrylic acids, can be used both as a hygroscopic substance ii) and as a water-soluble polymer v).
  • graft polymerization catalysts for example iron salts
  • the polymers will serve as the grafting base for the polymerization and the polymerizing monomers will be grafted onto the polymers. If the use of graft polymerization catalysts is dispensed with, the polymers will survive the polymerization largely unchanged and act as a hygroscopic substance.
  • the acid groups of the preferred monomers i) are usually partially neutralized, preferably from 25 to 95 mol%, preferably from 40 to 90 mol%, particularly preferably from 50 to 80 mol%, very particularly preferably from 60 to 80 mol% ,
  • the usual neutralizing agents can be used, preferably alkali metal hydroxides, alkali metal oxides, alkali metal carbonates or alkali metal bicarbonates and mixtures thereof.
  • alkali metal salts and ammonium salts can be used.
  • Sodium and potassium are particularly preferred as alkali metals, but most preferred are sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate or sodium bicarbonate and mixtures thereof.
  • the neutralization is achieved by mixing the neutralizing agent as an aqueous solution, as a melt, or preferably as a solid.
  • the neutralizing agent for example, sodium hydroxide with a water content well below 50 wt.% May be present as a waxy mass with a melting point above 23 ° C.
  • a dosage as general cargo or melt at elevated temperature is possible.
  • the aqueous monomer solution is applied to the carrier material, preferably sprayed on.
  • the suitable support materials have already been described above as support material a).
  • the monomer solution is polymerized on the support material and the composite is dried.
  • the polymerization is preferably induced by UV radiation and / or thermally.
  • the composites according to the invention are outstandingly suitable for moisture regulation, in particular in mattresses and seat cushions, for example in car seats.
  • Seat cushions or mattresses containing the composites of the present invention increase sitting comfort by controlling the relative humidity to a comfortable level and preventing excessive perspiration.
  • the composites according to the invention can optimally release the absorbed moisture in phases of non-use and regenerate rapidly. Because of this balanced property profile, the composites according to the invention enable hitherto unattainable sitting or lying comfort.
  • the measurements are carried out at an ambient temperature of 23 + 2 0 C.
  • the composites are stored for 30 minutes at a relative humidity of 50% in the climate chamber for equilibrium. Subsequently, the relative Humidity increased to 90% for 60 minutes (absorption phase). Then the relative humidity is lowered again to 50% for 30 minutes (desorption phase).
  • the weight change by absorption / desorption is measured continuously and is the weight gain, based on g applied substance (water-absorbing polymer and / or salt).
  • the reference point for weight gain is the weight after equilibration after 30 minutes.
  • a monomer solution was sprayed and cured by UV radiation for 2 minutes.
  • the terminal was dried for 5 minutes at 90 ° C. in a countercurrent dryer.
  • the monomer solution contained 33.6% by weight of sodium acrylate, 8.5% by weight of acrylic acid, 1.51% by weight of polyethylene glycol diacrylate (diacrylate of a polyethylene glycol having an average molecular weight of 400), 0.22% by weight of 2- Hydroxy-1- [4- (hydroxyethoxy) phenyl] -2-methyl-1-propanone and water.
  • the amount of monomer solution was chosen so that the loading of the polymer terephthalate non-woven with polymerized water-absorbing polymer was 160 g / m 2 .
  • the monomer solution contained 22.8% by weight of sodium acrylate, 16.9% by weight of acrylic acid, 1.51% by weight of polyethylene glycol diacrylate (diacrylate of a polyethylene glycol having an average molecular weight of 400), 0.22% by weight of 2- Hydroxy-1- [4- (hydroxyethoxy) phenyl] -2-methyl-1-propanone and water.
  • the amount of monomer solution was chosen so that the loading of the polymer terephthalate non-woven with polymerized water-absorbing polymer was 160 g / m 2 .
  • the monomer solution contained 36.2% by weight of sodium acrylate, 2.0% by weight of acrylic acid, 1.30% by weight of polyethylene glycol diacrylate (diacrylate of a polyethylene glycol having an average molecular weight of 400), 0.19% by weight of 2- Hydroxy-1- [4- (hydroxyethoxy) phenyl] -2-methyl-1-propanone and water.
  • the amount of monomer solution was chosen so that the loading of the polymer terephthalate non-woven with polymerized water-absorbing polymer was 160 g / m 2 .
  • Example 2 The procedure was as in Example 1. 17 g / m 2 sodium chloride was sprayed as a 25gew .-% aqueous solution of the composition after the polymerization and dried.
  • the composite was not mechanically stable.
  • the sprayed sodium chloride dissolved easily.
  • the monomer solution contained 23.7 wt .-% sodium acrylate, 6.0 wt .-% acrylic acid, 1, 06 wt .-% polyethylene glycol diacrylate (diacrylate of a polyethylene glycol having an average molecular weight of 400) , 0.15 wt .-% of 2-hydroxy-1- [4- (hydroxyethoxy) phenyl] - 2-methyl-1-propanone, 7.4 wt .-% sodium chloride and water (prepared from a monomer solution according to Example 1 and 42% by weight, based on the monomer solution according to Example 1, of a 25% strength by weight aqueous sodium chloride solution).
  • the amount of monomer solution was selected so that the loading of the polymer terephthalate non-woven with polymerized water-absorbing polymer / sodium chloride was 160 g / m 2 .
  • Example 5 The procedure was as in Example 5. In the monomer solution, polyethylene glycol diacrylate was replaced by 15-fold ethoxylated trimethylolpropane triacrylate.
  • the amount of monomer solution was selected so that the loading of the polymer terephthalate non-woven with polymerized water-absorbing polymer / sodium chloride was 160 g / m 2 .
  • the monomer solution contained 27.8 wt .-% sodium acrylate, 1, 5 wt .-% acrylic acid, 1, 00 wt .-% polyethylene glycol diacrylate (diacrylate of a polyethylene glycol having an average molecular weight of 400) , 0.15 wt .-% of 2-hydroxy-1- [4- (hydroxyethoxy) phenyl] - 2-methyl-1-propanone, 5.8 wt .-% sodium chloride and water (prepared from a monomer solution according to Example 3 and 30% by weight, based on the monomer solution according to Example 3, of a 25% strength by weight aqueous sodium chloride solution).
  • the amount of monomer solution was selected so that the loading of the polymer terephthalate non-woven with polymerized water-absorbing polymer / sodium chloride was 160 g / m 2 .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
  • Absorbent Articles And Supports Therefor (AREA)
  • Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne des matières composites régulatrices d'humidité, comprenant un matériau support à surface plane, une substance hygroscopique hydrosoluble, et un polymère absorbant l'eau, polymérisé sur le matériau support, en présence de la substance hygroscopique. L'invention concerne en outre, un procédé de fabrication de telles matières, ainsi que leur utilisation pour la régulation de l'humidité.
EP06725526A 2005-04-04 2006-04-03 Matieres composites regulatrices d'humidite Withdrawn EP1869246A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE200510015536 DE102005015536A1 (de) 2005-04-04 2005-04-04 Feuchtigkeitsregulierende Verbundstoffe
PCT/EP2006/061287 WO2006106096A1 (fr) 2005-04-04 2006-04-03 Matieres composites regulatrices d'humidite

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DE102005039974A1 (de) * 2005-08-23 2007-03-22 Basf Ag Verbesserte feuchtigkeitsregulierende Verbundstoffe
DE102005039968A1 (de) 2005-08-23 2007-03-08 Basf Ag Verbesserte feuchtigkeitsregulierende Verbundstoffe
ITMI20072087A1 (it) * 2007-10-30 2009-04-30 Getters Spa Metodo per la produzione di un assorbitore composito per la rimozione di h2o costituito da sali igroscopici disciolti in una matrice polimerica
KR101011988B1 (ko) * 2009-03-13 2011-01-31 한국항공대학교산학협력단 다양한 개수의 안테나들을 구비하는 사용자 단말들을 포함하는 통신시스템에서 피드백 정보 송수신 방법 및 장치
US9034432B2 (en) * 2009-06-08 2015-05-19 Basf Se Method for producing a swelling nonwoven fabric
WO2011032862A1 (fr) 2009-09-18 2011-03-24 Basf Se Mousses à pores ouverts comprenant du superabsorbant
EP2496343A1 (fr) 2009-11-06 2012-09-12 Basf Se Textiles contenant des superabsorbants améliorés
EP2438983A1 (fr) * 2010-10-08 2012-04-11 SAES GETTERS S.p.A. Composition de précurseur polymérique pouvant être distribué pour des matériaux sorbés composites transparents
DE102013003755A1 (de) * 2013-03-06 2014-09-11 Carl Freudenberg Kg Belüftungseinsatz
SE541459C2 (en) 2017-05-08 2019-10-08 Stora Enso Oyj Moisture control material
CN113005762B (zh) * 2021-03-30 2022-12-30 江苏河海乾诚智能科技有限公司 一种长效调湿材料的制备方法
CN112973397B (zh) * 2021-03-30 2023-03-10 江苏河海乾诚智能科技有限公司 一种安全高效调湿材料的制备方法

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JP3146030B2 (ja) * 1991-10-17 2001-03-12 株式会社日本触媒 潮解性無機塩含有複合体の製法
JP3583227B2 (ja) * 1995-06-19 2004-11-04 三菱化学株式会社 吸水性複合体およびその製造法
DE10241530A1 (de) * 2002-09-05 2004-03-18 Basf Ag Textile zwei- oder dreidimensionale Gebilde enthaltend quellfähige Materialien
US7476631B2 (en) * 2003-04-03 2009-01-13 The Procter & Gamble Company Dispersible fibrous structure and method of making same
DE102005039974A1 (de) * 2005-08-23 2007-03-22 Basf Ag Verbesserte feuchtigkeitsregulierende Verbundstoffe
DE102005039968A1 (de) * 2005-08-23 2007-03-08 Basf Ag Verbesserte feuchtigkeitsregulierende Verbundstoffe

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DE102005015536A1 (de) 2006-10-05
US20080153371A1 (en) 2008-06-26
CN101151412A (zh) 2008-03-26
WO2006106096A1 (fr) 2006-10-12
CN101151412B (zh) 2011-03-16

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