Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
  • E04B2/56—Load-bearing walls of framework or pillarwork; Walls incorporating load-bearing elongated members
  • E04B2/70—Load-bearing walls of framework or pillarwork; Walls incorporating load-bearing elongated members with elongated members of wood
  • E04B2/701—Load-bearing walls of framework or pillarwork; Walls incorporating load-bearing elongated members with elongated members of wood with integrated supporting and obturation function
  • E04B2/703—Load-bearing walls of framework or pillarwork; Walls incorporating load-bearing elongated members with elongated members of wood with integrated supporting and obturation function with longitudinal vertical elements
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
  • E04B1/02—Structures consisting primarily of load-supporting, block-shaped, or slab-shaped elements
  • E04B1/10—Structures consisting primarily of load-supporting, block-shaped, or slab-shaped elements the elements consisting of wood
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
  • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
  • E04B2/28—Walls having cavities between, but not in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts kept in distance by means of spacers, all parts being solid

Definitions

• the invention relates to a vertical blank used in wood products, such as buildings and other shelters, including two or more lumber blanks.
• the invention also relates to a method for manufacturing a vertical blank and for using it in wood products.
• a vertical beam blank In a vertical beam blank according to the invention, at least two wood blanks are connected by one or several connecting pieces.
• This technical solution essentially reduces internal expansion in the blank as well as shrinking caused by moisture and temperature, so that the structure becomes particularly stabile and strong.
• a vertical blank is structurally advantageous, because it does not remarkably shrink/expand in the vertical direction as the moisture and/or temperature fluctuate. This essentially simplifies for example the structural solutions of a building.
• Advantageously wood blanks are connected at a mutual distance, so that in between the wood blanks, there is arranged one or several connecting pieces.
• a vertical blank includes one or several connecting elements, such as connecting parts, connecting projections and/or connecting recesses for connecting the vertical blank to another vertical blank and/or to other structures of the wood product.
• connecting elements such as connecting parts, connecting projections and/or connecting recesses for connecting the vertical blank to another vertical blank and/or to other structures of the wood product.
• one or several connecting elements at the top and bottom end such as fastening projections and/or fastening recesses for fastening the vertical blank at its top and bottom end to other structures of the wood product.
• the use of this kind of s vertical blank for instance in buildings is technically very simple. By means of this solution, also damages caused in structures by expansion and shrinking can effectively be prevented. Owing to the connecting elements, check measurements are not needed in the installation step of the vertical blank. Also the need for temporary installation supports is minimal in comparison with the conventional technique.
• the blanks according to the invention are lighter than for example conventional log blanks.
• the vertical blanks used in a wooden house weigh about 10 - 50 kg/piece, in which case they are easy and safe to handle.
• the installation of vertical blanks does neither require any special tools nor a truck crane or other heavy equipment.
• the installation can be realized simply by means of a crosshead screwdriver or an Allen key, for example.
• top and bottom ends are provided with connecting elements that are with respect to each other placed at essentially the same edge location in the vertical blank.
• the connecting elements are placed at essentially the center point between the top and bottom ends of the vertical blank.
• the top and bottom ends of the vertical blank are provided with connecting elements that are with respect to each other placed at essentially the same location in relation to the center axis of the vertical blank.
• the vertical blank is capable for expanding freely in the other width direction. This is particularly advantageous, because the vertical blank is not subjected to internal tensions, in which case the structures of the vertical blank remain unbroken essentially better during fluctuations in the temperature and moisture. There are not created any fractures or ruptures that should reduce the strength of the blank and deteriorate its heat insulation. Also the working life of the vertical blank is extended, because the surface of the blank remains unbroken.
• the top and bottom ends of the vertical blank are provided with connecting elements that are placed essentially at the center of the vertical blank.
• the vertical blank is capable of expanding freely to both width directions. This is particularly advantageous, because the vertical blank is not subjected to internal tensions, in which case the structures of the vertical blank remain essentially better unbroken as the temperature and moisture fluctuate. There are not created fractures or ruptures that should weaken the strength of the blank and deteriorate its heat insulation. Also the working life of the vertical blank is extended, because the blank surface remains unbroken.
• At least one edge and/or frontal surface of the vertical blank is provided with one or several connecting elements for connecting the vertical blank to another vertical blank.
• the use of this kind of a vertical blank as a wood product is technically extremely simple, because the vertical blanks can be connected together extremely rapidly and precisely. These connecting elements make the structure very compact.
• a vertical blank is connected to another blank, so that the edge and/or end of the vertical blank is essentially attached to the edge and/or end of the other blank.
• This kind of joint is advantageous for example when connecting two horizontal blanks together, or when connecting vertical blanks so that they rest against horizontal blanks.
• a vertical blank is connected to another vertical blank, so that the edges and/or ends of the vertical blank and respectively those of the other blank are located at a mutual distance.
• This kind of connecting method is advantageous for instance when connecting vertical blanks to each other, or when connecting a horizontal blank located above an aperture to vertical blanks.
• the expansion caused by moisture is about 3 mm, when the degree of moisture increases from 50% to 70%.
• the edges of the vertical blank and of the other blank are located at a mutual distance of 1-25 mm.
• the edges of the vertical blank and the other blank are located at a mutual distance of 3-10 mm.
• a sufficient space is left between the vertical blanks. Possible changes in measures are not multiplied, because they are restricted to one blank only.
• the gap is still sufficiently small in order to be sealed for instance by means of a separate sealing or strip.
• the connecting projection is a connecting shoulder, connecting pin and/or a connecting mounting. These are technically easily fastened or made in a vertical blank, and they are particularly advantageous for example in the installation of the blank. Preferably there are arranged one or several connecting projections at the end of the connecting piece.
• the wood blank of a vertical blank according to the invention can be made of different materials. It can be made of for instance plywood, preservative-treated wood, laminated wood, whole wood or adhesive wood blank. For example by using an adhesive wood blank, the outer surface of the wood product is made particularly good-looking and technically durable. This kind of adhesive wood blank also is advantageous in use, because the wood blank has a low heat transfer coefficient, which means that it also in part serves as heat insulation. A wood blank made of plywood or laminated wood in turn is well resistant to moisture. By using different materials, also the appearance of the wood product can advantageously be affected. By connecting blanks where plywood and/or laminated wood are used together in a compact fashion, the obtained wall structure is a rigid structure resistant to wind loads.
• vertical blank wood blanks are made of mutually different materials.
• adhesive wood blank in the outer surface, and plywood or laminated wood in the inner surface.
• This helps to further simplify the wood product structures.
• the use of this kind of wood blank in a wood product is technically extremely simple, because the inner surface can be directly coated, such as dressed with tiles.
• the wood blank can have one or several layers.
• the edge or surface of the vertical blank is provided with one or several connecting grooves.
• the connecting groove is arranged at the edge or surface of the wood blank for installing one or more binding strips.
• at least one edge and/or frontal surface is provided with one or several connecting grooves for installing a binding strip in order to connect the vertical blank to another vertical blank and/or to other structures of the wood product.
• the binding strip binds the vertical blanks together and at the same time provides a good sealing in between the vertical blanks.
• the binding strip is preferably narrower, for example 1-3 mm narrower, than the mounting groove formed by the joined connecting grooves. This kind of binding strip seals the structure, but is not broken as the measures of the blanks are changed.
• connecting grooves and binding strip simplifies the manufacturing of for instance inner and outer comers.
• the same wood blank structures can be used both in corners and in other parts of the wood product.
• the opposite edges of the log blank are provided with one or several connecting grooves.
• the deformations caused by the drying of a log blank of this kind can be extremely well controlled.
• the symmetrical structure also is advantageous for the log blank structure, for example in that the twisting of the blank is reduced.
• a vertical blank constitutes a single-layer wood blank.
• This kind of wood blank can be made directly of lumber by simply cutting and planing.
• the opposite edges of a wood blank of this kind are provided with connecting grooves for installing the binding strip.
• This kind of a blank can advantageously be used for connecting other elements, and its symmetrical structure is an extra advantage as such.
• the surface of a vertical blank is provided with one or several connecting grooves.
• the connecting grooves arranged on the surfaces can advantageously be used for example in angle joints or when connecting partition walls with a log blank according to the invention.
• the connecting piece of the vertical blank is made of wood, fiberboard and/or plywood, or a combination of these.
• These kind of connecting pieces are easy to use as connecting projections or connecting recesses. They are easily treated industrially for example for mountings/connecting pins prior to the assembly of the blank.
• plywood or laminated wood as the connecting piece, it can be made thinner, which further improves the functional usability of the blank, and at the same time the insulating capacity of the blank is improved.
• connecting projections between the connecting piece and the wood blank, there is one or several connecting projections and respectively one or several connecting recesses, such as connecting pins and connecting holes and/or feathers/feather grooves and/or connecting grooves and binding strips.
• binding strip advantageously minimizes the use of the raw material. There are not needed large working allowances when profiling wood blanks and connecting pieces. The making of grooves in the binding strip also is easily done.
• blanks according to the invention can be advantageously used in the installation of pipes, wires etc., because inside the log blank, between the wood blanks, there is left suitable free space.
• this arrangement for example the installation of water pipes and electric wires is technically essentially simplified in comparison with conventional structural solutions.
• Preliminary installations can advantageously be carried out prior to the assembly of the vertical blanks.
• heat insulation is installed inside the blank. This improves the heat and sound insulation of the structure. It also affects the acoustics in the structures.
• bracing is advantageous in the installation of the blank. It also is advantageous in the sealing of the structures.
• At least two vertical blanks are attached together at their top ends and/or bottom ends with respect to each other by means of one or several separate binding pieces.
• the binding pieces preferably represent a type by means of which there can be created an extension joint at the vertical blank edge.
• the fastening steps are carried out along with the process of installation of the vertical blanks.
• the edge and/or end of the vertical blank is provided with one or several feathers.
• a feather is advantageous in the installation of a blank. It also is advantageous in the sealing of the structures.
• the edge and/or end of the vertical blank is provided with one or several feather grooves.
• a feather groove is advantageous in the installation of a blank. It also is advantageous in the sealing of the structures.
• the vertical blank is a vertical beam blank. A vertical beam blank can advantageously be used in the installation of pipes, wires etc.
• the wood product also includes at least one horizontal blank with two or several wood blanks that are connected at a mutual distance, so that in between the wood blanks, there is installed one or several connecting pieces.
• the deformations in this kind of a horizontal blank do not essentially differ from the deformations occurring in the vertical blanks of the wood product.
• a horizontal blank can advantageously be used in the installation of pipes, wires etc. By combining horizontal and vertical blanks, it is possible to manufacture targets with different surfaces. This is advantageous both architecturally and structurally.
• the horizontal blank includes a wood blank made of plywood or preservative-treated wood.
• a wood blank made of plywood or preservative-treated wood.
• targets where the structures are subjected to moisture such as in the plinth structures of exterior walls and in the cornice substructures.
• damp spaces such as washing facilities etc.
• This kind of structure also is advantageous for example in a blank located above apertures, when the aperture in question is set lower than normal, and when a vertical blank or blanks are installed above the aperture.
• Drawbacks caused in the structures by measure deformations can advantageously be prevented by connecting the vertical blank to the horizontal blank by a bracing, a binding strip, binding plywood or by connecting pins.
• the drawbacks caused by deformations in these kind of structures can in all directions be prevented extremely effectively.
• Possible changes in the measures are not multiplied, because the changes in the measures are restricted to one blank only.
• Preferably the horizontal blank and the vertical blank are connected together, so that they are located at a mutual distance of 5-25 mm.
• one or several wood blanks of the vertical blank are preservative-treated and/or surface treated prior to the assembly of the blank, or after the assembly.
• the preservative treatment or surface treatment is preferably carried out industrially, in industrial conditions, prior to the assembly and installation of the blank. In this way it can be performed in favorable conditions, and the consumption of required materials can be minimized. This reduces expenses and intensifies the technical performance.
• Figure 1 shows a vertical beam blank in horizontal cross-section.
• Figure 2 is a vertical cross-section illustrating how vertical beam blanks are fastened to horizontal beam blanks.
• Figures 3 and 4 are vertical cross-sections illustrating vertical and horizontal beam blank structures.
• Figures 5-6 illustrate how horizontal beam blanks are connected to roof and floor structures.
• Figure 7 is a side-view illustration of a log building.
• Figure 8 is a horizontal cross-section of vertical and horizontal beam blank structures.
• FIGS 9 and 10 illustrate two different ways of connecting vertical blanks.
• Figure 11 illustrates how the top end of the vertical blank is connected.
• FIG 1 in the vertical beam blanks 1-5, in the frontal surfaces OP, two laminated lumber blanks 1a, 1b are connected at a mutual distance by means of connecting pieces 20.
• the adhesive wood blanks 1a, 1b are made of adhesive pieces 1d.
• the log beam blanks 1-4 are exterior beam blanks, and the log beam blank 5 is a partition wall beam blank. Inside the exterior beam blanks 1-4, there is provided insulation 1e.
• the opposite edges R of the blank are provided with connecting grooves 22.
• the log beam blank 4 has connecting grooves at the edge R and at the other frontal surface OP.
• the exterior beam blanks 1-4 are interconnected so that the connecting grooves 22 are provided with binding strips 21.
• the partition wall beam blank 5 is connected to the exterior wall beam blank 3 by means of the bracing S arranged therein.
• Figure 2 illustrates two methods for connecting a vertical beam blank.
• a binding plywood element V1 At the bottom end of the other vertical beam blank 1 , there is arranged a binding plywood element V1 , by means of connecting nails/screws 30, to the connecting piece 20 inside the lumber blank 1a.
• the binding plywood V1 is fastened to the horizontal beam blank 10 by means of connecting nails/screws 30.
• a fastening pin 31 At the bottom end of the other vertical beam blank 1 , there are installed as a connecting element a fastening pin 31 that is attached to the connecting hole 32 drilled in the horizontal beam blank 10.
• the top edge of the vertical beam blank 8 is provided with feathers 52 as a connecting projection, and the bottom edge of the horizontal beam blank 7 is provided with corresponding feather grooves 51 as connecting recesses. Respectively, the top edge of the horizontal beam blank 7 is provided with feathers 52, and the bottom end of the horizontal beam blank 6 is provided with corresponding feather grooves 51.
• the connecting piece 20 of the vertical blank 8 forms a connecting projection element 24 that is in the connecting process fitted in the connecting slot 23 arranged in the horizontal beam blank 7. Roof structures 40 are connected to the horizontal beam blank 6.
• the horizontal beam blanks 6 and 7 can also be connected to each other and to the vertical beam blanks 8 by means of connecting screws (not illustrated).
• the top edge of the horizontal beam blank 10 is provided with feathers 52, and the bottom end of the vertical beam blank 9 is provided with corresponding feather grooves 51.
• binding plywood elements V1 In between the log beam blanks 9 and 10, there are arranged binding plywood elements V1 for interconnecting the log beam blanks.
• the log beam blank 10 is connected to floor structures 41.
• the top end of the vertical beam blank 12 is provided with feathers 52, and the bottom edge of the horizontal beam blank 11 is provided with corresponding feather grooves 51.
• a bracing S for connecting the blanks together.
• Roof structures 40 are connected to the horizontal beam blank 11.
• the top end of the vertical beam blank 16 is provided with feathers 52, and the bottom edge of the horizontal beam blank 15 is provided with corresponding feather grooves 51.
• a bracing S for connecting the blanks together.
• Respectively the top edge of the horizontal beam blank 15 is provided with feathers 52, and the bottom end of the horizontal beam blank 14 is provided with corresponding feather grooves 51.
• Roof structures 40 are connected to the horizontal beam blank 15.
• Floor structures 41 are in turn connected to the log beam blank 14.
• the top edge of the horizontal beam blank 14 it is provided with feathers 52, and the bottom end of the vertical beam blank 13 is provided with corresponding feather grooves 51.
• the structure according to figure 6 is suited for example in a two-storey log building.
• the wood blanks 1a, 1b there are arranged feathers 52, connecting pins 31 and connecting holes 32 as well as in the connecting piece 20 connecting mountings 34, and respectively at the bottom end AP of the vertical blank, the wood blanks 1a, 1b are provided with connecting holes 32 and feather grooves 51; moreover, the connecting piece 20 is provided with mounting holes 33 for connecting the blanks 80, 100 together.
• the connecting piece 20 of the horizontal blank 100 forms a connecting projection element 24 that is fitted in the connecting slot 23 of the connecting vertical blank 80.
• the top end YP of the vertical blank 80 is provided with a connecting slot 23 as a connecting recess, where a binding piece 25 can be installed, which binding piece can be further fitted in the connecting slot 23 of the bottom edge AR of the horizontal blank 60.
• a binding piece 25 can be installed, which binding piece can be further fitted in the connecting slot 23 of the bottom edge AR of the horizontal blank 60.
• feather grooves 51 At the bottom edge AR of the horizontal blank 60, there are provided feather grooves 51 , and at the top end YP of the vertical blank 80, there are provided feathers 52 for connecting the blanks 60, 80 together.
• the wood blanks 1a, 1b and the connecting piece 20 of the horizontal blank 60 form at the top edge YR a smooth surface, where an intermediate floor or roof structure (not illustrated) can be mounted.
• the frontal surfaces OP of the vertical blanks 2 are provided with wood blanks 1a, 1b which are mutually connected by connecting pieces 20.
• the edges R of the wood blanksia, 1b are provided with connecting grooves 22 for installing the binding strip 21 , as well as with sealing 53 for sealing the joint between the blanks 2.
• the edges R of the wood blanks 1a, 1b are provided with feathers 52 and feather grooves 51 for connecting and sealing the vertical blanks 2 together.
• Figure 11 shows how vertical blanks 2 are connected and spaced apart by means of a binding piece 25.
• the binding pieces 25 are connected, by means of screws 35 arranged in the connecting holes 32 and by extension joints, to the other edge R of each vertical blank 2 respectively.
• the edges R of the wood blanks 1a, 1b are provided with feathers 52 and feather grooves 51 for connecting and sealing the vertical blanks 2 together.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Architecture (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Electromagnetism (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (2)

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• 2005
  • 2005-03-11 FI FI20055112A patent/FI20055112A0/fi not_active Application Discontinuation
• 2006
  • 2006-01-20 WO PCT/FI2006/050035 patent/WO2006095052A1/en not_active Ceased
  • 2006-01-20 EP EP06701164A patent/EP1866491A4/de not_active Withdrawn

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