EP1865094B1 - Apparatus for electrochemical deposition on surfaces and electrochemical system - Google Patents
Apparatus for electrochemical deposition on surfaces and electrochemical system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1865094B1 EP1865094B1 EP06115181A EP06115181A EP1865094B1 EP 1865094 B1 EP1865094 B1 EP 1865094B1 EP 06115181 A EP06115181 A EP 06115181A EP 06115181 A EP06115181 A EP 06115181A EP 1865094 B1 EP1865094 B1 EP 1865094B1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- electroplating
- contact rollers
- electrolyte
- carrier
- bath
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D7/00—Electroplating characterised by the article coated
- C25D7/06—Wires; Strips; Foils
- C25D7/0614—Strips or foils
- C25D7/0628—In vertical cells
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D17/00—Constructional parts, or assemblies thereof, of cells for electrolytic coating
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a device for the electrodeposition of an electrically conductive layer on a carrier, to which a starter layer suitable for electroplating is arranged at least in regions, with a galvanic bath in which an electrolyte for the deposition of conductive material is provided, with at least two contacting rollers. which are arranged outside the electroplating bath and which can be switched as cathodes and / or anodes, and with at least one deflection roller, which is interposed between the contacting rollers.
- Such galvanizing or electroplating systems are often used for the production of conductor structures or full-surface conductor layers.
- antenna coils, printed circuit boards, smart card modules or heating foils for use in the automotive industry, for example, for heating exterior mirrors or rear windows or ribbon cables and the like are manufactured with such devices.
- a metal cylinder connected continuously as a cathode is at least partially immersed in an electrolyte bath and set in rotation.
- the electrolyte bath is an anode assembly.
- a metal layer is deposited, which is laminated outside of the electrolyte on a film by the metal foil is peeled off from the cathode.
- a resist is applied, which is then photolithographically exposed.
- a subsequent etching step etches away those regions of the full-area metal layer that are not needed for a conductor patterning. After removal of the remaining on the patterned metal layer ⁇ tzreistlackes the desired conductor pattern is completed.
- This method on the one hand, has the disadvantage that only low throughput rates can be achieved and high material costs and disposal costs are generated due to the use of toxic and expensive chemicals and unused raw materials due to the subtractive process.
- the thickness of the metal layer is limited by the necessary further processing due to otherwise possible cracking in the layer to a minimum thickness of 17 microns.
- a layer thickness of approximately 2 .mu.m, for example, is desirable in the high-frequency range, the method described above can not be used for such an application.
- Another disadvantage is that must be done at regular intervals anodic or mechanical cleaning of the cylindrical cathode, which the production and Throughput times further reduced.
- only one side of a metal layer can be deposited on the carrier substrate.
- the size and cost of the contacting rollers allows only a small number of devices connected in series and therefore limits the possible production speed.
- a patent application filed on behalf of the Applicant has not yet published a contacting unit which can be switched as a cathode and / or anode and is surrounded by an insulating housing.
- an opening is formed to provide contact between the contacting unit and the substrate to be coated.
- the contacting of the carrier material takes place within a galvanic bath in the region of the opening.
- the remaining part of the contacting unit is largely shielded from the electrolyte in the electroplating bath by means of the insulating housing, so that deposition of the anode material in this area should be largely prevented.
- the Applicant has therefore changed the arrangement or process management to the effect that the housing of the contacting rollers were pressurized with compressed air to allow only a minimal electrolyte entry into the housing or to blow out electrolyte.
- the opening in the housing was reduced, with the result that the housing was now more susceptible to wear due to contamination, as well as that with the polyethylene rollers used a secure contacting of the carrier material could no longer be guaranteed.
- the polyethylene counterpressure rollers provided in the original design were replaced by foam rubber rollers which, due to their deformability, further sealed the open contact nip against electrolyte. Nevertheless, even small hard impurities (copper flakes) led after some time to grooves on the tracks, when the necessary material web tension was applied.
- the contacting rollers were therefore arranged so that the web followed a certain arc run to ensure a safer contact even at low web tension can.
- the invention is therefore based on the object to provide a device for the electrodeposition of an electrically conductive layer to a carrier, which allows a reliable, fast and simple and cost-effective production of an electrically conductive layer on a support with the smoothest possible surface.
- the position of the deflection roller located therein between two outside of the electroplating symmetrically arranged contacting rollers is variable such that on the change of position of the guide roller a distance traveled by the carrier material distance between two contact points of two adjacent Contact rollers is formed, corresponds to the expansion of the starter layer to be coated.
- the deflection rollers direct the material web according to their geometric design in the electrolyte bath.
- the starter layer to be coated is applied to the contacting rollers with a voltage between 0.5 and 5 V depending on the desired and achievable coating thickness.
- a particularly stable and easily controllable process results when the change in the position of the deflection rollers in the device takes place electrically and / or mechanically via an actuator.
- the position of the deflection rollers can also be adapted to possibly different expansions in the longitudinal or conveying direction of the areas to be coated on the support during the ongoing process.
- the electrolyte can be supplied via anode baskets filled with metal bodies, which are arranged in particular vertically adjustable in the electroplating bath in order to be variable in accordance with the geometrical design of the carrier and thus the change in the position of the deflecting rollers.
- the movement of the carrier through the electroplating can be done by means of contacting rollers themselves, which are each driven, for example, with a speed-controlled drive unit, in particular via gears and / or a toothed belt.
- a speed-controlled drive unit in particular via gears and / or a toothed belt.
- Other drive systems known in the art are also conceivable.
- the traction adjustment of the material webs can be ensured by a speed-controlled drive unit in the device, wherein a superimposed setpoint sequence control is provided between individual devices in order to set web tension between the Coating modules to change the web speed of the entire system can.
- the motor gear units driving the contact rollers are arranged on the individual devices such that they remain connected to the latter during a possible disassembly of a device, for example for maintenance purposes, or are so easy to separate that no additional assembly or disassembly steps are required ,
- the contacting rollers can be formed in one embodiment of the present invention by a positive cambered ground roller which holds the carrier in the central position.
- a path control system may be provided in order to ensure that the carrier is steered centrally through the device.
- the pulleys are designed as Airturn, that is, as a pressurizable with compressed air provided with Ausblasbohronne, fixed pipe, wherein by the at the Ausblasbohronne exiting air a non-contact deflection of the support is made possible around the tube.
- an overflow or a weir in particular in the form of oblong hole bores, is formed in the electroplating bath in order to keep the level of the electrolyte bath constant during pumped-in inflowing electrolyte during the electroplating process.
- the contacting rollers In order to be able to protect the contacting rollers from electrolyte possibly entrained by the carrier, in one exemplary embodiment, on one side of the contacting roller, at which the carrier emerging from the electroplating bath first comes into contact, Scraper provided on one side of the contacting roller, at which the carrier emerging from the electroplating bath first comes into contact, Scraper provided on one side of the contacting roller, at which the carrier emerging from the electroplating bath first comes into contact, Scraper provided on one side of the contacting roller, at which the carrier emerging from the electroplating bath first comes into contact, Scraper provided on one side of the contacting roller, at which the carrier emerging from the electroplating bath first comes into contact, Scraper provided on one side of the contacting roller, at which the carrier emerging from the electroplating bath first comes into contact, Scraper provided on one side of the contacting roller, at which the carrier emerging from the electroplating bath first comes into contact, Scraper provided on one side of the contacting roller, at which the carrier emerging from the electroplating bath first
- a scraper is provided for scraping off the electrolyte material deposited on the contacting roller in a further exemplary embodiment, on one side of the contacting rollers, in particular on the carrier entering the electroplating bath , When a metal scraper is used, the scraper abrasion can then be conducted into the electrolyte or anode baskets and dissolve again there.
- a gutter may be formed below the contacting roller, which directs the electrolyte in a collecting trough or in the electroplating bath.
- the voltage supply to the contacting rollers can be done on both sides with slip rings.
- a voltage distributor may be provided on the contacting rollers. This can be installed, for example, in the arranged below the contacting roller plastic carrier.
- the level of the electrolyte must be only a few millimeters below the edge of the plastic carrier. Only by the smallest possible distance of the electrolyte level to the contact roller can a maximum time of the power supply are held for the copper-plating on the carrier layer and can be coated in the direction very short objects.
- the deflection roller Since the deflection roller is partly completely immersed in the electrolyte, it is expedient to store the deflection roller in bearings suitable for galvanizing, such as glass ball bearings.
- the contacting rollers are stored outside the electrolyte and can therefore be provided with conventional bearings.
- distance units provided to the side walls of the electroplating bath can drip in the entrained electrolyte, before he in the field of Bearing the contacting rollers can penetrate. This has the advantage that very low-cost standard bearings can be used. On the other hand disassembly is possible in a very simple way due to the better accessibility.
- At least one closure flap is provided in the wall of the electroplating bath, which allows a particularly simple insertion or repositioning of the anode baskets below the contacting rollers.
- an additional ion accumulation of the electrolyte can be provided outside of the electroplating bath, so that the anode baskets can be made smaller, as a result of which the dimensions of the device and thus of the entire system can be considerably reduced.
- the anode baskets may be filled with copper balls, for example. However, any other material suitable for electroplating may be inserted into the anode baskets.
- An electroplating system consists of at least one device for electrodeposition of an electrically conductive layer and of a feed device, for example in the form of a material web unwinding unit, via which the carrier is fed and at least one pick-up device, for example in the form of a material web rewind, which subsequently picks up the carrier.
- the electroplating system of the device is preceded by an electrolyte pre-bath.
- This serves for a first metallization of the conductive layer printed on the carriers, without providing an electric current supply in the electrolyte bath.
- the starter layer printed for example, with iron carbonyl color or another suitable material metallizes about 1-2 ⁇ m during the passage through the defined electrolyte bath.
- At least one measuring unit for example for the thickness measurement and / or resistance measurement of the structures to be produced, can be arranged between every two devices in the system.
- other measuring devices suitable for process control and control, for example for determining the surface roughness or the like in this area.
- the devices are connected in series in one embodiment of the electroplating system, wherein the devices can be removed individually from the system for maintenance, repair or retrofitting work simply from the electroplating system, without requiring the carrier removed or the coating process must be stopped. It only need the pulleys in the Be moved area of the devices to be removed upwards, so that the carrier rests only on the side of the guide rollers arranged guide rollers and the actual coating process can be continued continuously.
- the devices can be arranged, for example, in frame structures such that they can be pulled out laterally for maintenance. In order to be able to operate the system continuously despite possible maintenance work, additional devices may be provided in one exemplary embodiment according to the invention.
- a device If a device is to be reused after the maintenance, it is simply pushed back into its old position in the system and the pulleys are moved back into the position adapted to the web length.
- the devices can be used without the web being re-introduced or the coating process having to be interrupted.
- a cleaning and / or inerting module is further provided in the electroplating system, which includes a bath with distilled water for purification and / or a citric acid-containing inerting.
- the number of devices in a plating system depends on the desired web speed and the necessary degree of coppering.
- degrees of coppering between 1 .mu.m and 100 .mu.m, preferably 5 .mu.m to 40 .mu.m, more preferably 3 microns to 20 microns may be desired.
- 30 to 40 devices may be required. These can either be arranged side by side or else one above the other, for example in four columns with ten modules each. Due to the flexible possibility of arranging the devices, the machine can be adapted relatively flexibly to the space available for production, despite the large number of devices.
- the arrangement of the contacting rollers should preferably always be symmetrical. As a result, even very short structures can be uniformly coated. If the distance between the electrolyte level and the contact point of the carrier with the contacting roller is too large, the level of the electroplating bath can be raised, for example, by increasing the overflow. However, this leads to a reduced production speed, since a stronger wetting of the contacting rollers with electrolyte can be the result, whereby there is a risk that the contacting rollers are added more quickly to the material present in the electrolyte.
- starter layer it may be expedient for longer extensions of the starter layer, for example, to provide in each case two or even more deflection rollers between the contacting rollers in order to ensure the most homogeneous possible transport of the carrier.
- the electroplating system it is possible to metallize material webs printed on one side as well as on both sides, for example by targeted punching of the material webs, as a result of which the material side which does not touch the contacting roll can also be reached by the corresponding through-contacting.
- Carrier is applied accordingly with a voltage.
- the material web is guided in the through-contacted structure with the printed side stronger to the contacting rollers directed through the device.
- the particular web-shaped carrier used must be wet-strength and sufficiently resistant to tension.
- the material of the carrier is preferably made of plastic such as PP, PET, PU, acrylate or similar.
- the use of nonwovens or wet-strength paper is also possible thanks to a special material guide.
- FIG. 1 shows three inventive devices 1 for depositing a conductive layer with four contacting rollers 2, which are arranged laterally outside of three each filled with an electrolyte 3 electroplating baths 4 symmetrically.
- a carrier 6 to be contacted and coated is in the form of an endless foil and is formed as indicated by arrows in FIG FIG. 1 characterized by the contacting rollers 2 and guide rollers 5 guided by the individual devices 1.
- the carrier 6 thereby passes through the electrolyte 3 in the electroplating baths 4.
- the carrier 6 is partially provided with a so-called starter layer 7, for example made of nonconductive material Iron carbonyl particles printed (see also FIG. 3 ), which forms, for example, an antenna structure. Only when the starter layer 7 is acted upon by a current from the contacting roller 2, the particles of the starter layer 7 on the carrier 6 become conductive.
- scrapers 8 are provided on one side of the contacting rollers 2, at which the carrier 6 emerging from the electroplating bath 4 first comes to rest.
- the contacting rollers 2 can be protected from below by plastic carrier 9 against exposure to electrolyte 3.
- a scraper 10 for scraping off the contacting rollers 2 is located on one side of the contacting rollers 2, at which the carrier 6 entering the electroplating bath 4 comes to rest deposited anode material provided.
- the abrasion of the scraper 10 is passed into anode baskets 11 and then dissolved again.
- a non-illustrated gutter below the contacting rollers 2 is formed, which directs the electrolyte 3 in a collecting tray or in the electroplating 4.
- the FIG. 2 shows a cross section through a galvanization module 12, which includes 16 devices 1.
- the guide rollers 5 are fixed to a frame construction 13.
- Guide rollers which are not shown in more detail, ensure that the method is as uniform as possible in the vertical direction and prevent tilting of the deflection rollers 5 or the frame construction 13.
- An electroplating system according to the invention is composed of 30 to 40 such plating modules 12, which can be arranged both one behind the other and one above the other and thus can be set up to the available space available.
- the carrier 6 For coating the starter layer 7 on the carrier 6 with a conductive material, the carrier 6 is first passed from a material processing unit via a punching unit, not shown, for the purpose of selective punching of the carrier 6 for coating the carrier 6 on both sides in an electrolyte bath.
- the starter layer 7 printed on the support 6, which is formed for example by a printed iron carbonyl color is metallized in the defined electrolyte bath to about 1 to 2 ⁇ m.
- the sensitive, often poorly adhering, starter layer 7 consisting of spherical iron carbonyl pigments is secured against mechanical abrasion of the iron particles in the first subsequent processes.
- the surface of the carrier 12 passing through the modules 12 is charged such that anode material located in the electrolyte 3 attaches to the starter layer 7 of the carrier 6, so that a conductive, highly homogeneous Copper layer on the starter layer 7 of the carrier 6 attaches.
- further metal ions pass from the anode baskets into the electrolyte 3.
- the concentration of metal ions contained in the electrolyte 3 can be controlled.
- the carrier 6 is printed on two sides, it is passed through the modules 12 with the printed side on the contacting rollers 2.
- the guide rollers 5 guide the carrier 6 through the electrolyte in the electroplating bath 4.
- the now conductive starter layer 7 takes on the contacting rollers 2 to the voltage.
- the DC voltage is applied negatively from about 0.5 to 5V depending on the desired and possible metallization thickness. In this case, currents flow to over 50 A per device unit 1.
- the carrier 6 is then immersed in the example enriched with copper ions electrolyte 3 and there are correspondingly more located in the electrolyte solution ions to the already aufkupferten layer on. Due to the targeted punching of the carrier 6, the carrier side facing away from the contacting roller 2 can be metallized on a carrier 6 printed on both sides.
- the small web length between the contacting rollers 2 allows for longer extensions of the starter layers 7 in the longitudinal or conveying direction a constant application of an electrical DC voltage. It may be expedient for longer extensions of the starter layer 7, for example, to provide in each case two deflection rollers 5 between the contacting rollers 2 in order to ensure the most homogeneous possible transport of the carrier 6. For shorter objects, the current flow may be briefly interrupted. By adjusting the position of the guide rollers 5 between two contacting rollers 2, an adjustment of the web length of the starter layer 7 on the support 6 in the electrolyte 3 is possible.
- the dimensions of the starter layer 7 are meant in this application, in particular in the longitudinal direction or the conveying direction of the material web 6 to be conveyed.
- a cleaning and inerting module is interposed in the system. This consists of a bath of distilled water for purification and a citric acid-containing inerting bath.
- the support 6, which has already been coated with the necessary layer thickness, is fed to a material web winding unit via a drying unit (not shown with the finished structures).
- FIG. 3 shows a carrier 6 according to the invention, which is provided with a starter layer 7 in the form of an antenna.
- the carrier 6 is provided for generating copper layers 14 on both the top and on the bottom with slots 15 which form a so-called via during printing of the carrier with a starter layer 7.
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Abstract
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zur galvanischen Abscheidung einer elektrisch leitfähigen Schicht auf einem Träger, an dem zumindest bereichsweise eine zur Galvanisierung geeignete Starterschicht angeordnet ist, mit einem Galvanikbad, in dem ein Elektrolyt zur Abscheidung von leitfähigem Material vorgesehen ist, mit mindestens zwei Kontaktierwalzen, welche außerhalb des Galvanikbades angeordnet sind und die als Kathoden und/oder Anoden schaltbar sind, und mit mindestens einer Umlenkrolle, welche den Kontaktierwalzen zwischengeschaltet ist.The present invention relates to a device for the electrodeposition of an electrically conductive layer on a carrier, to which a starter layer suitable for electroplating is arranged at least in regions, with a galvanic bath in which an electrolyte for the deposition of conductive material is provided, with at least two contacting rollers. which are arranged outside the electroplating bath and which can be switched as cathodes and / or anodes, and with at least one deflection roller, which is interposed between the contacting rollers.
Vorrichtungen zur galvanischen Abscheidung einer elektrisch leitfähigen Schicht an einem Träger sind allgemein bekannt.Devices for the electrodeposition of an electrically conductive layer on a carrier are generally known.
Derartige Galvanisiervorrichtungen bzw. Galvanisiersysteme werden häufig zur Herstellung von Leiterstrukturen oder vollflächigen Leiterschichten verwendet. Beispielsweise werden Antennenspulen, Leiterplatten, Chipkartenmodule oder auch Heizfolien für den Einsatz im Automobilbau beispielsweise zum Beheizen von Außenspiegeln oder Heckscheiben oder Flachbandkabel und dergleichen mit solchen Einrichtungen gefertigt.Such galvanizing or electroplating systems are often used for the production of conductor structures or full-surface conductor layers. For example, antenna coils, printed circuit boards, smart card modules or heating foils for use in the automotive industry, for example, for heating exterior mirrors or rear windows or ribbon cables and the like are manufactured with such devices.
In einem Anwendungsbeispiel wird hierzu ein kontinuierlich als Kathode geschalteter Metallzylinder zumindest teilweise in ein Elektrolytbad eingetaucht und in Drehung versetzt. In dem Elektrolytbad befindet sich eine Anodenanordnung. An der sich langsam drehenden Kathode lagert sich eine Metallschicht ab, die außerhalb des Elektrolyts auf eine Folie auflaminiert wird, indem die Metallfolie von der Kathode abgeschält wird. Nachdem die Metallschicht auflaminiert ist, wird ein Resistlack aufgebracht, der anschließend photolithographisch belichtet wird. Mit einem anschließenden Ätzschritt werden diejenigen Bereiche der ganzflächigen Metallschicht weggeätzt, die für eine Leiterzugstrukturierung nicht benötigt werden. Nach dem Entfernen des auf der strukturierten Metallschicht verbleibenden Ätzreistlackes ist die gewünschte Leiterstruktur fertig gestellt.In one application example, for this purpose, a metal cylinder connected continuously as a cathode is at least partially immersed in an electrolyte bath and set in rotation. In the electrolyte bath is an anode assembly. At the slowly rotating cathode, a metal layer is deposited, which is laminated outside of the electrolyte on a film by the metal foil is peeled off from the cathode. After the metal layer has been laminated, a resist is applied, which is then photolithographically exposed. A subsequent etching step etches away those regions of the full-area metal layer that are not needed for a conductor patterning. After removal of the remaining on the patterned metal layer Ätzreistlackes the desired conductor pattern is completed.
Dieses Verfahren weist zum einen den Nachteil auf, dass nur geringe Durchsatzraten erzielbar sind und hohe Materialkosten und Entsorgungskosten aufgrund des Einsatzes von giftigen und teueren Chemikalien und von nicht genutzten Rohmaterialen aufgrund des subtraktiven Verfahrens erzeugt werden. Zum anderen wird die Dicke der Metallschicht durch die notwendige Weiterverarbeitung aufgrund sonst möglicher Rissbildungen in der Schicht auf eine Mindestdicke von 17 µm beschränkt. Da aber beispielsweise im Hochfrequenzbereich gerade eine Schichtdicke von ungefähr 2 µm wünschenswert ist, kann das oben beschriebene Verfahren für eine derartige Anwendung nicht eingesetzt werden.This method, on the one hand, has the disadvantage that only low throughput rates can be achieved and high material costs and disposal costs are generated due to the use of toxic and expensive chemicals and unused raw materials due to the subtractive process. On the other hand, the thickness of the metal layer is limited by the necessary further processing due to otherwise possible cracking in the layer to a minimum thickness of 17 microns. However, since a layer thickness of approximately 2 .mu.m, for example, is desirable in the high-frequency range, the method described above can not be used for such an application.
Weiterhin nachteilig ist, dass in regelmäßigen Abständen eine anodische oder mechanische Abreinigung der zylinderförmigen Kathode erfolgen muss, was die Produktions- und Durchsatzzeiten weiter verringert. Zudem kann lediglich einseitig eine Metallschicht auf dem Trägersubstrat abgeschieden werden.Another disadvantage is that must be done at regular intervals anodic or mechanical cleaning of the cylindrical cathode, which the production and Throughput times further reduced. In addition, only one side of a metal layer can be deposited on the carrier substrate.
Ein weiteres Verfahren wird in der Offenlegungsschrift
Die Größe und die Kosten der Kontaktierwalzen lässt nur eine geringe Anzahl an hintereinander geschalteten Vorrichtungen zu und limitiert daher die mögliche Produktionsgeschwindigkeit.The size and cost of the contacting rollers allows only a small number of devices connected in series and therefore limits the possible production speed.
Eine vollständige Abreinigung ist in der Umpolphase der Segmente nicht möglich. Daher muss diskontinuierlich mit einem Reinigungsvlies immer wieder abgereinigt werden, was die Produktion unterbricht, was zu längeren Durchlaufzeiten und zu einer Verschmutzung des Elektrolyt führen kann.A complete cleaning is not possible in the Umpolphase the segments. Therefore, discontinuously with a cleaning fleece must be repeatedly cleaned, which interrupts the production, which can lead to longer processing times and contamination of the electrolyte.
Eine im Auftrag der Anmelderin getätigte, noch nicht veröffentlichte Patentanmeldung hat eine Kontaktiereinheit zum Gegenstand, die als Kathode und/oder Anode schaltbar ist und von einem isolierenden Gehäuse umgeben ist. In dem isolierenden Gehäuse ist eine Öffnung ausgebildet, um einen Kontakt zwischen der Kontaktiereinheit und dem zu beschichtenden Träger zu schaffen. Die Kontaktierung des Trägermaterials erfolgt dabei innerhalb eines Galvanikbades im Bereich der Öffnung. Der übrige Teil der Kontaktiereinheit ist mittels des isolierenden Gehäuses vom Elektrolyt in dem Galvanikbad weitgehend abgeschirmt, so dass eine Ablagerung des Anodenmaterials in diesem Bereich weitestgehend verhindert werden soll. Da die Kontaktierwalzen in dieser Anordnung ununterbrochen mit dem Elektrolyt in Berührung kommen, sind auch trotz kleiner Spaltmaße im Bereich der Öffnung in dem Gehäuse Ablagerungen von Elektrolyt an den Kontaktierwalzen die Folge.. Dies kann eine gleichförmige Beschichtung des zu beschichtenden Trägers beispielsweise durch Bildung von Riefen in den Leiterbahnen oder durch ungleichmäßige Anlagerung der Metallionen negativ beeinflussen. Aufgrund dieser Problematik kann eine stabile Prozessführung insbesondere über einen längeren Zeitraum nicht gewährleistet werden.A patent application filed on behalf of the Applicant has not yet published a contacting unit which can be switched as a cathode and / or anode and is surrounded by an insulating housing. In the insulating housing, an opening is formed to provide contact between the contacting unit and the substrate to be coated. The contacting of the carrier material takes place within a galvanic bath in the region of the opening. The remaining part of the contacting unit is largely shielded from the electrolyte in the electroplating bath by means of the insulating housing, so that deposition of the anode material in this area should be largely prevented. Since the contacting rollers in this arrangement continuously with the electrolyte in Despite small gaps in the region of the opening in the housing, deposits of electrolyte on the contacting rollers are the result. This can adversely affect a uniform coating of the substrate to be coated, for example by the formation of grooves in the printed conductors or by uneven deposition of the metal ions , Due to this problem, a stable process management can not be guaranteed, especially over a longer period.
Die Anmelderin hat daher die Anordnung beziehungsweise Prozessführung dahingehend geändert, dass die Gehäuse der Kontaktierwalzen mit Druckluft beaufschlagt wurden, um nur einen minimalen Elektrolyteintrag in die Gehäuse zuzulassen bzw. Elektrolyt auszublasen.The Applicant has therefore changed the arrangement or process management to the effect that the housing of the contacting rollers were pressurized with compressed air to allow only a minimal electrolyte entry into the housing or to blow out electrolyte.
Ferner wurde die Öffnung im Gehäuse verkleinert, was zur Folge hatte, dass das Gehäuse nunmehr empfindlicher gegen Verschleiß durch Verschmutzungen wurde, als auch dass mit den eingesetzten Polyethylenrollen eine sichere Kontaktierung des Trägermaterials nicht mehr gewährleistet werden konnte.Furthermore, the opening in the housing was reduced, with the result that the housing was now more susceptible to wear due to contamination, as well as that with the polyethylene rollers used a secure contacting of the carrier material could no longer be guaranteed.
Die in der ursprünglichen Ausführung vorgesehenen Polyethylen - Gegendruckwalzen wurden gegen Moosgummiwalzen ausgetauscht, die durch ihre Verformbarkeit den offenen Kontaktwalzenspalt weiter gegen Elektrolyt abdichteten. Dennoch führten aber schon kleine harte Verunreinigungen (Kupferflitter) nach gewisser Zeit zu Riefen auf den Leiterbahnen, wenn der notwendige Materialbahnzug aufgebracht wurde.The polyethylene counterpressure rollers provided in the original design were replaced by foam rubber rollers which, due to their deformability, further sealed the open contact nip against electrolyte. Nevertheless, even small hard impurities (copper flakes) led after some time to grooves on the tracks, when the necessary material web tension was applied.
Die Kontaktierwalzen wurden daher so angeordnet, dass die Bahn einem gewissen Bogenlauf folgte, um eine sicherere Kontaktierung auch bei niedrigem Bahnzug gewährleisten zu können.The contacting rollers were therefore arranged so that the web followed a certain arc run to ensure a safer contact even at low web tension can.
Eine während des laufenden Prozesses gestaltete Umpolung einer Kontaktierwalze, die dann aus der Bahn geschwenkt wurde, verlängerte die Zeit bis zur kompletten Reinigung der Anlage.An umpolung of a contacting roller, which was then turned out of the way during the running process, extended the time until the complete Cleaning the system.
Mit diesen gesamten konstruktiven Verbesserungen konnte der Prozess längere Zeit aufrecht erhalten werden, danach mussten aber alle Kontaktierwalzen umgepolt werden und über ein bahnförmiges Reinigungsvlies mechanisch über längere Zeit abgereinigt werden.With all these design improvements, the process could be maintained for a long time, but then all contacting rollers had to be reversed and mechanically cleaned over a web-like cleaning fleece for a long time.
Dadurch wurde zwar eine stabile Prozessführung erreicht, jedoch bestand weiterhin die Gefahr, dass sich durch ständig in den Kontaktzonen bildende feste Verunreinigungen (Kupferpartikel) Riefen auf den Leiterbahnen entstanden oder sich auf den Kontaktierwalzen abgelagertes Kupfer an den Gehäusen abrieb und es zu so unkontrolliertem zonenweisen Aufkupfern kam. Dann musste der Prozess ungeplant abgebrochen werden.Although a stable process control was achieved, but there was still the danger that formed by permanently formed in the contact zones solid impurities (copper particles) grooves on the tracks or on the contacting rollers deposited copper on the housings and it so uncontrolled zone-wise Aufkupfern came. Then the process had to be stopped unplanned.
Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Vorrichtung zur galvanischen Abscheidung einer elektrisch leitfähigen Schicht an einem Träger bereit zu stellen, die eine zuverlässige, schnelle und einfache sowie kostengünstige Fertigung einer elektrisch leitenden Schicht auf einem Träger mit einer möglichst glatten Oberfläche erlaubt.The invention is therefore based on the object to provide a device for the electrodeposition of an electrically conductive layer to a carrier, which allows a reliable, fast and simple and cost-effective production of an electrically conductive layer on a support with the smoothest possible surface.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß mit den Merkmalen der Ansprüche 1 und 16 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen ergeben sich jeweils aus den Unteransprüchen.This object is achieved with the features of claims 1 and 16. Advantageous embodiments will be apparent from the dependent claims.
In der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung zur galvanischen Abscheidung einer elektrisch leitfähigen Schicht, ist die Position der darin befindlichen Umlenkrolle zwischen zwei außerhalb des Galvanikbades symmetrisch angeordneten Kontaktierwalzen derart veränderbar, dass über die Änderung der Position der Umlenkrolle eine vom Trägermaterial zurückzulegende Strecke, die zwischen zwei Kontaktpunkten zweier benachbarter Kontaktierwalzen gebildet ist, der Ausdehnung der zu beschichtenden Starterschicht entspricht.In the device according to the invention for the electro-deposition of an electrically conductive layer, the position of the deflection roller located therein between two outside of the electroplating symmetrically arranged contacting rollers is variable such that on the change of position of the guide roller a distance traveled by the carrier material distance between two contact points of two adjacent Contact rollers is formed, corresponds to the expansion of the starter layer to be coated.
Durch die Variation der Position der Umlenkrolle wird erreicht, dass die zu beschichtenden Bereiche des Trägers zwischen den Kontaktierwalzen nahezu ständig mit elektrischem Strom beaufschlagt werden können und dabei gleichzeitig die mit elektrischem Strom versorgenden Kontaktiereinheiten außerhalb des Galvanikbades angeordnet werden können und somit keine oder nur eine geringe Berührung mit dem Elektrolyt erfahren. Die Umlenkrollen lenken die Materialbahn entsprechend ihrer geometrischen Ausbildung in das Elektrolytbad. Die zu beschichtende Starterschicht wird dabei an den Kontaktierwalzen mit einer Spannung zwischen 0,5 und 5 V je nach gewünschter und erreichbarer Beschichtungsstärke beaufschlagt.By varying the position of the deflection roller ensures that the areas to be coated of the carrier between the contacting rollers can be almost constantly supplied with electric current and at the same time supplying electrical power contacting units can be arranged outside the electroplating and thus no or only a small Experience contact with the electrolyte. The deflection rollers direct the material web according to their geometric design in the electrolyte bath. The starter layer to be coated is applied to the contacting rollers with a voltage between 0.5 and 5 V depending on the desired and achievable coating thickness.
Ein besonders stabiler und gut steuerbarer Prozess ergibt sich, wenn die Veränderung der Position der Umlenkrollen in der Vorrichtung über einen Stellantrieb elektrisch und/oder mechanisch erfolgt. So kann die Position der Umlenkrollen auch während des laufenden Verfahrens an eventuell unterschiedliche Ausdehnungen in Längs- bzw. Förderrichtung der zu beschichtenden Bereiche auf dem Träger angepasst werden.A particularly stable and easily controllable process results when the change in the position of the deflection rollers in the device takes place electrically and / or mechanically via an actuator. Thus, the position of the deflection rollers can also be adapted to possibly different expansions in the longitudinal or conveying direction of the areas to be coated on the support during the ongoing process.
Die Versorgung des Elektrolyts kann über mit Metallkörpern gefüllte Anodenkörbe erfolgen, die in dem Galvanikbad insbesondere höhenverstellbar angeordnet sind, um entsprechend der geometrischen Ausgestaltung des Trägers und damit der Veränderung der Position der Umlenkrollen variierbar zu sein.The electrolyte can be supplied via anode baskets filled with metal bodies, which are arranged in particular vertically adjustable in the electroplating bath in order to be variable in accordance with the geometrical design of the carrier and thus the change in the position of the deflecting rollers.
Der Fortbewegung des Trägers durch das Galvanikbad kann mittels der Kontaktierwalzen selbst erfolgen, welche jeweils beispielsweise mit einer drehzahlgeregelten Antriebseinheit, insbesondere über Zahnräder und/oder einen Zahnriemen antreibbar sind. Auch andere, im Stand der Technik bekannte Antriebssysteme sind denkbar. Die Zugeinstellung der Materialbahnen kann durch eine drehzahlgeregelte Antriebseinheit in der Vorrichtung sichergestellt werden, wobei eine überlagerte Sollwertfolgesteuerung zwischen einzelnen Vorrichtungen vorgesehen ist, um nach eingestelltem Bahnzug zwischen den Beschichtungsmodulen die Bahngeschwindigkeit der gesamten Anlage verändern zu können.The movement of the carrier through the electroplating can be done by means of contacting rollers themselves, which are each driven, for example, with a speed-controlled drive unit, in particular via gears and / or a toothed belt. Other drive systems known in the art are also conceivable. The traction adjustment of the material webs can be ensured by a speed-controlled drive unit in the device, wherein a superimposed setpoint sequence control is provided between individual devices in order to set web tension between the Coating modules to change the web speed of the entire system can.
Es ist vorteilhaft, wenn die die Kontaktierwalzen antreibenden Motorgetriebeeinheiten derart an den einzelnen Vorrichtungen angeordnet sind, dass sie bei einer eventuellen Demontage einer Vorrichtung beispielsweise zu Wartungszwecken mit letzterer verbunden bleiben oder so leicht zu trennen sind, dass keine zusätzlichen Montage- bzw. Demontageschritte erforderlich sind.It is advantageous if the motor gear units driving the contact rollers are arranged on the individual devices such that they remain connected to the latter during a possible disassembly of a device, for example for maintenance purposes, or are so easy to separate that no additional assembly or disassembly steps are required ,
Die Kontaktierwalzen können in einem Ausführungsbeispiel der vorliegenden Erfindung durch eine positiv bombiert geschliffene Walze gebildet sein, welche den Träger in der Mittellage hält. Um zu gewährleisten, dass der Träger mittig durch die Vorrichtung gelenkt wird, kann zusätzlich oder stattdessen ein Bahnsteuerungssystem vorgesehen sein.The contacting rollers can be formed in one embodiment of the present invention by a positive cambered ground roller which holds the carrier in the central position. In order to ensure that the carrier is steered centrally through the device, additionally or instead a path control system may be provided.
Um einen schonenden Transport von beispielsweise kratz- und/oder zugempfindlichem Material gewährleisten zu können, sind in einem Ausführungsbeispiel der vorliegenden Erfindung die Umlenkrollen als Airturn ausgebildet, das heißt als ein mit Druckluft beaufschlagbares mit Ausblasbohrungen versehenes, feststehendes Rohr, wobei durch die an den Ausblasbohrungen austretende Luft ein berührungsloses Umlenken des Trägers um das Rohr ermöglicht wird.In order to ensure a gentle transport of, for example, scratch and / or zugempfindlichem material, in one embodiment of the present invention, the pulleys are designed as Airturn, that is, as a pressurizable with compressed air provided with Ausblasbohrungen, fixed pipe, wherein by the at the Ausblasbohrungen exiting air a non-contact deflection of the support is made possible around the tube.
In einem Ausführungsbeispiel ist in dem Galvanikbad ein Überlauf bzw. ein Wehr, insbesondere in der Form von Langlochbohrungen ausgebildet, um das Niveau des Elektrolytbades bei umgepumptem, zuströmendem Elektrolyt während des Galvanisierungsprozesses konstant zu halten.In one exemplary embodiment, an overflow or a weir, in particular in the form of oblong hole bores, is formed in the electroplating bath in order to keep the level of the electrolyte bath constant during pumped-in inflowing electrolyte during the electroplating process.
Um die Kontaktierwalzen vor gegebenenfalls durch den Träger mitgeschlepptem Elektrolyt schützen zu können, sind in einem Ausführungsbeispiel an einer Seite der Kontaktierwalze, an der der aus dem Galvanikbad heraustretende Träger als erstes zur Anlage kommt, Abstreifer vorgesehen. Zusätzlich können die Kontaktierwalzen von unten durch Kunststoffträger gegen Beaufschlagung mit Elektrolytflüssigkeit geschützt werden. Liegen die Kontaktierwalzen völlig oberhalb des Elektrolytniveaus, wird die Bahn über mindestens eine Umlenkrolle um die Kontaktierwalze bis zum untersten Scheitelpunkt (6 Uhr Position) herumgeführt, und taucht dann erst in den Elektrolyt ein.In order to be able to protect the contacting rollers from electrolyte possibly entrained by the carrier, in one exemplary embodiment, on one side of the contacting roller, at which the carrier emerging from the electroplating bath first comes into contact, Scraper provided. In addition, the contacting rollers can be protected from below by plastic carriers against exposure to electrolyte fluid. If the contacting rollers are completely above the electrolyte level, the web is guided over at least one deflection roller around the contacting roller to the lowest vertex (6 o'clock position), and then first immersed in the electrolyte.
Für den Fall, dass sich trotzdem Verunreinigungen an der Kontaktierwalze ablagern, ist in einem weiteren Ausführungsbeispiel, an einer Seite der Kontaktierwalzen, insbesondere an der der in das Galvanikbad eintretende Träger zuletzt zur Anlage kommt, ein Schaber zum Abschaben des an der Kontaktierwalze abgelagerten Elektrolytmaterials vorgesehen. Bei Verwendung eines Metallschabers kann der Abrieb des Schabers dann in den Elektrolyt bzw.die Anodenkörbe geleitet werden und löst sich dort wieder auf.In the event that impurities nevertheless deposit on the contacting roller, a scraper is provided for scraping off the electrolyte material deposited on the contacting roller in a further exemplary embodiment, on one side of the contacting rollers, in particular on the carrier entering the electroplating bath , When a metal scraper is used, the scraper abrasion can then be conducted into the electrolyte or anode baskets and dissolve again there.
Zur Rückführung von gegebenenfalls mitgeschlepptem Elektrolyt in den Galvanisierungskreislauf, kann eine Ablaufrinne unterhalb der Kontaktierwalze ausgebildet sein, die den Elektrolyt in eine Auffangwanne bzw. in das Galvanikbad lenkt.To return possibly entrained electrolyte in the galvanizing, a gutter may be formed below the contacting roller, which directs the electrolyte in a collecting trough or in the electroplating bath.
Die Spannungszufuhr an den Kontaktierwalzen kann beidseitig mit Schleifringen erfolgen. Zur homogenen Verteilung der Spannung und zur Verhinderung eines Spannungsabfalls über die Kontaktierwalzenbreite, was zu unterschiedlichem Ankupfern an dem Träger vor allem bei größerer Maschinenbreite führen könnte, kann ein Spannungsverteiler an der Kontaktierwalzen vorgesehen sein. Dieser kann beispielsweise in den unterhalb der Kontaktierwalze angeordneten Kunststoffträger eingebaut sein.The voltage supply to the contacting rollers can be done on both sides with slip rings. For a homogeneous distribution of the voltage and to prevent a voltage drop across the contacting roller width, which could lead to different Ankupfern on the carrier, especially with larger machine width, a voltage distributor may be provided on the contacting rollers. This can be installed, for example, in the arranged below the contacting roller plastic carrier.
Wichtig ist eine präzise Ausnivellierung der Vorrichtung, da das Niveau des Elektrolyts nur wenige Millimeter unter der Kante des Kunststoffträgers liegen darf. Nur durch einen möglichst geringen Abstand des Elektrolytniveaus zu der Kontaktierwalze kann eine maximale Zeit der Spannungsversorgung zur Ankupferung an der Trägerschicht gehalten werden und sind in Laufrichtung sehr kurze Objekte beschichtbar.Important is a precise leveling of the device, since the level of the electrolyte must be only a few millimeters below the edge of the plastic carrier. Only by the smallest possible distance of the electrolyte level to the contact roller can a maximum time of the power supply are held for the copper-plating on the carrier layer and can be coated in the direction very short objects.
Da die Umlenkrolle zum Teil vollständig in den Elektrolyt eingetaucht wird, ist es zweckmäßig, die Umlenkrolle in galvaniktauglichen Lagern wie beispielsweise Glaskugellagern zu lagern. Die Kontaktierwalzen hingegen sind außerhalb des Elektrolyts gelagert und können daher mit herkömmlichen Lagern versehen werden.Since the deflection roller is partly completely immersed in the electrolyte, it is expedient to store the deflection roller in bearings suitable for galvanizing, such as glass ball bearings. The contacting rollers, however, are stored outside the electrolyte and can therefore be provided with conventional bearings.
Um zu verhindern, dass diese Lagerung mit Elektrolyt in Berührung kommen, beispielsweise wenn Undichtigkeiten an den Wellendurchführungen auftreten sollten, sind in einem Ausführungsbeispiel in den Lagergehäusen Abstandseinheiten zu den Seitenwänden des Galvanikbades vorgesehen, in die mitgeführter Elektrolyt abtropfen kann, bevor er in den Bereich der Lager der Kontaktierwalzen vorstoßen kann. Dies hat zum einen den Vorteil, dass sehr preiswerte Standardlager verwendet werden können. Zum anderen ist eine Demontage auf sehr einfache Weise aufgrund der besseren Zugänglichkeit möglich.In order to prevent these storage come into contact with electrolyte, for example, should leaks at the shaft passages should occur, in one embodiment, in the bearing housings distance units provided to the side walls of the electroplating bath, can drip in the entrained electrolyte, before he in the field of Bearing the contacting rollers can penetrate. This has the advantage that very low-cost standard bearings can be used. On the other hand disassembly is possible in a very simple way due to the better accessibility.
In einem weiteren Ausführungsbeispiel der vorliegenden Erfindung ist in der Wandung des Galvanikbads mindestens eine Verschlußklappe vorgesehen, die ein besonders einfaches Einsetzen bzw. Neubestücken der Anodenkörbe unterhalb der Kontaktierwalzen ermöglicht.In a further embodiment of the present invention, at least one closure flap is provided in the wall of the electroplating bath, which allows a particularly simple insertion or repositioning of the anode baskets below the contacting rollers.
Weiterhin kann eine zusätzliche Ionenanreicherung des Elektrolyt außerhalb des Galvanikbades vorgesehen sein, so dass die Anodenkörbe verkleinert werden können, wodurch die Abmaße der Vorrichtung und somit der ganzen Anlage erheblich verringert werden können. Die Anodenkörbe können beispielsweise mit Kupferkugeln gefüllt sein. Jedoch kann jedes andere für die Galvanisierung geeignete Material in die Anodenkörbe eingesetzt werden.Furthermore, an additional ion accumulation of the electrolyte can be provided outside of the electroplating bath, so that the anode baskets can be made smaller, as a result of which the dimensions of the device and thus of the entire system can be considerably reduced. The anode baskets may be filled with copper balls, for example. However, any other material suitable for electroplating may be inserted into the anode baskets.
Ein erfindungsgemäßes Galvanisiersystem besteht aus mindestens einer Vorrichtung zur galvanischen Abscheidung einer elektrisch leitfähigen Schicht sowie einer Zuführvorrichtung beispielsweise in Form einer Materialbahnabwicklungseinheit, über die der Träger zugeführt wird und mindestens einer Aufnahmevorrichtung beispielsweise in Form einer Materialbahnaufwicklung, die den Träger anschließend wieder aufnimmt.An electroplating system according to the invention consists of at least one device for electrodeposition of an electrically conductive layer and of a feed device, for example in the form of a material web unwinding unit, via which the carrier is fed and at least one pick-up device, for example in the form of a material web rewind, which subsequently picks up the carrier.
In einem Ausführungsbeispiel ist dem Galvanisierungssystem der Vorrichtung ein Elektrolytvorbad vorgeschaltet. Dieses dient einem ersten Anmetallisieren der auf den Trägern aufgedruckten leitfähigen Schicht, ohne dass eine elektrische Stromzufuhr in dem Elektrolytbad vorgesehen ist. Die beispielsweise mit Eisencarbonylfarbe oder einem anderen geeigneten Material gedruckte Starterschicht metallisiert bei der Durchleitung durch das definierte Elektrolytbad ca. 1-2 µm auf. Dadurch wird die empfindliche, aus schlecht haftenden kugelförmigen Pigmenten bestehende Druckfarbe mit einer dünnen Metallschicht bedeckt, so dass der mechanische Abrieb der Partikel bzw. Pigmente in den ersten Folgeprozessen vermieden beziehungsweise zumindest verringert wird.In one embodiment, the electroplating system of the device is preceded by an electrolyte pre-bath. This serves for a first metallization of the conductive layer printed on the carriers, without providing an electric current supply in the electrolyte bath. The starter layer printed, for example, with iron carbonyl color or another suitable material metallizes about 1-2 μm during the passage through the defined electrolyte bath. As a result, the sensitive printing ink consisting of poorly adhering spherical pigments is covered with a thin metal layer, so that the mechanical abrasion of the particles or pigments in the first subsequent processes is avoided or at least reduced.
Um den Fortschritt der Metallanlagerung kontrollieren zu können, können zwischen jeweils zwei Vorrichtungen in dem System mindestens eine Messeinheit beispielsweise zur Dickemessung und/oder Widerstandsmessung der herzustellenden Strukturen angeordnet sein. Natürlich ist es auch möglich, andere zur Prozesssteuerung und -Kontrolle zweckmäßige Messeinrichtungen beispielsweise zur Ermittlung der Oberflächenrauheit o. ä. in diesem Bereich vorzusehen.In order to be able to control the progress of the metal deposition, at least one measuring unit, for example for the thickness measurement and / or resistance measurement of the structures to be produced, can be arranged between every two devices in the system. Of course, it is also possible to provide other measuring devices suitable for process control and control, for example for determining the surface roughness or the like in this area.
Die Vorrichtungen sind in einem Ausführungsbeispiel des Galvanisierungssystems hintereinander geschaltet, wobei die Vorrichtungen jeweils einzeln aus der Anlage zu Wartungs-, Reparatur- oder Nachrüstarbeiten einfach aus dem Galvanisierungssystem entnommen werden können, ohne dass dazu der Träger entfernt beziehungsweise das Beschichtungsverfahren gestoppt werden muss. Es müssen lediglich die Umlenkrollen in dem Bereich der zu entfernenden Vorrichtungen nach oben gefahren werden, so dass der Träger nur noch auf den seitlich von den Umlenkrollen angeordneten Führungsrollen aufliegt und der eigentliche Beschichtungsprozess kontinuierlich fortgesetzt werden kann. Die Vorrichtungen können dazu beispielsweise in Rahmenkonstruktionen derart angeordnet werden, dass sie zu Wartungsarbeiten seitlich herausgezogen werden können. Um die Anlage trotz möglicher Wartungsarbeiten kontinuierlich betreiben zu können, können in einem erfindungsgemäßen Ausführungsbeispiel zusätzliche Vorrichtungen vorgesehen sein.The devices are connected in series in one embodiment of the electroplating system, wherein the devices can be removed individually from the system for maintenance, repair or retrofitting work simply from the electroplating system, without requiring the carrier removed or the coating process must be stopped. It only need the pulleys in the Be moved area of the devices to be removed upwards, so that the carrier rests only on the side of the guide rollers arranged guide rollers and the actual coating process can be continued continuously. The devices can be arranged, for example, in frame structures such that they can be pulled out laterally for maintenance. In order to be able to operate the system continuously despite possible maintenance work, additional devices may be provided in one exemplary embodiment according to the invention.
Wenn nach der Wartung eine Vorrichtung wieder eingesetzt werden soll, wird sie einfach wieder in ihre alte Position in der Anlage eingeschoben und die Umlenkrollen werden wieder in die an die Bahnlänge angepasste Position verfahren. So können die Vorrichtungen eingesetzt werden, ohne dass die Bahn neu eingeführt werden oder der Beschichtungsprozess unterbrochen werden muss.If a device is to be reused after the maintenance, it is simply pushed back into its old position in the system and the pulleys are moved back into the position adapted to the web length. Thus, the devices can be used without the web being re-introduced or the coating process having to be interrupted.
In einem weiteren Ausführungsbeispiel ist in dem Galvanisierungssystem ferner eine Reinigungs- und/oder Inertisierungsmodul vorgesehen, welches ein Bad mit destilliertem Wasser zur Reinigung und/oder ein zitronensäurehaltiges Inertisierungsbad beinhaltet.In a further embodiment, a cleaning and / or inerting module is further provided in the electroplating system, which includes a bath with distilled water for purification and / or a citric acid-containing inerting.
Die Anzahl der Vorrichtungen in einem Galvanisierungssystem hängt von der gewünschten Bahngeschwindigkeit und vom notwendigen Ankupferungsgrad ab. So können Ankupferungsgrade zwischen 1 µm und 100 µm, bevorzugt 5 µm bis 40 µm, noch bevorzugter 3 µm bis 20 µm gewünscht sein. Zur Erzielung eines Ankupferungsgrades können abhängig von der Fördergeschwindigkeit des Trägers beispielsweise 30 bis 40 Vorrichtungen erforderlich sein. Diese können entweder nebeneinander oder aber auch übereinander zum Beispiel in vier Säulen mit je zehn Modulen angeordnet sein. Durch die flexible Möglichkeit der Anordnung der Vorrichtungen kann die Maschine trotz hoher Anzahl an Vorrichtungen relativ flexibel an den zur Fertigung zur Verfügung stehenden Raum angepasst werden.The number of devices in a plating system depends on the desired web speed and the necessary degree of coppering. Thus, degrees of coppering between 1 .mu.m and 100 .mu.m, preferably 5 .mu.m to 40 .mu.m, more preferably 3 microns to 20 microns may be desired. To achieve a degree of coupling, depending on the conveying speed of the carrier, for example, 30 to 40 devices may be required. These can either be arranged side by side or else one above the other, for example in four columns with ten modules each. Due to the flexible possibility of arranging the devices, the machine can be adapted relatively flexibly to the space available for production, despite the large number of devices.
Die Anordnung der Kontaktierwalzen sollte vorzugsweise immer symmetrisch erfolgen. Dadurch können auch sehr kurze Strukturen gleichförmig beschichtet werden. Ist der Abstand zwischen Elektrolytniveau und Kontaktpunkt des Trägers mit der Kontaktierwalze zu groß, kann das Niveau des Galvanikbades beispielsweise durch die Erhöhung des Überlaufes angehoben werden. Dies führt jedoch zu einer reduzierten Produktionsgeschwindigkeit, da ein stärkeres Benetzen der Kontaktierwalzen mit Elektrolyt die Folge sein kann, wodurch die Gefahr besteht, dass die Kontaktierwalzen schneller mit dem in dem Elektrolyt befindlichen Material zugesetzt werden.The arrangement of the contacting rollers should preferably always be symmetrical. As a result, even very short structures can be uniformly coated. If the distance between the electrolyte level and the contact point of the carrier with the contacting roller is too large, the level of the electroplating bath can be raised, for example, by increasing the overflow. However, this leads to a reduced production speed, since a stronger wetting of the contacting rollers with electrolyte can be the result, whereby there is a risk that the contacting rollers are added more quickly to the material present in the electrolyte.
Es kann bei längeren Ausdehnungen der Starterschicht zweckmäßig sein, beispielsweise jeweils zwei oder sogar mehrere Umlenkrollen zwischen den Kontaktierwalzen vorzusehen, um einen möglichst homogenen Transport des Trägers zu gewährleisten.It may be expedient for longer extensions of the starter layer, for example, to provide in each case two or even more deflection rollers between the contacting rollers in order to ensure the most homogeneous possible transport of the carrier.
Mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Galvanisiersystem ist es möglich, sowohl einseitig als auch beidseitig bedruckte Materialbahnen zu metallisieren, beispielsweise durch gezieltes Durchstanzen der Materialbahnen, wodurch auch die nicht die Kontaktierwalze berührende Materialseite durch die entsprechende Durchkontaktierung erreicht werden kann. Gerade in diesem Fall ist es zweckmäßig, die Materialbahn vor dem eigentlichen Galvanisierungsprozess durch ein Elektrolytvorbad zu leiten, um eine erste Metallisierung zu erreichen, die es ermöglicht, dass auch die nicht unmittelbar mit den Kontaktierwalzen in Berührung befindlichen Strukturen auf der den Kontaktierwalzen abgewandten Seite des Trägers entsprechend mit einer Spannung beaufschlagt wird. Die Materialbahn wird bei der durchkontaktierten Struktur mit der stärker bedruckten Seite zu den Kontaktierwalzen gerichtet durch die Vorrichtung geführt.With the electroplating system according to the invention, it is possible to metallize material webs printed on one side as well as on both sides, for example by targeted punching of the material webs, as a result of which the material side which does not touch the contacting roll can also be reached by the corresponding through-contacting. Especially in this case, it is expedient to pass the material web through an electrolyte pre-bath before the actual electroplating process, in order to achieve a first metallization, which makes it possible for the structures not directly in contact with the contacting rolls to be on the side of the side facing away from the contacting rolls Carrier is applied accordingly with a voltage. The material web is guided in the through-contacted structure with the printed side stronger to the contacting rollers directed through the device.
Der verwendete insbesondere bahnförmige Träger muss nassfest und ausreichend zugfest sein. Das Material des Trägers besteht vorzugsweise aus Kunststoff wie beispielsweise PP, PET, PU, Acrylat o. ä. Die Verwendung von Vliesen oder nassfestem Papier ist durch eine spezielle Materialführung ebenfalls möglich.The particular web-shaped carrier used must be wet-strength and sufficiently resistant to tension. The material of the carrier is preferably made of plastic such as PP, PET, PU, acrylate or similar. The use of nonwovens or wet-strength paper is also possible thanks to a special material guide.
Hinsichtlich weiterer vorteilhafter Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen der Erfindung wird auf die Unteransprüche sowie die nachfolgende Beschreibung eines Ausführungsbeispiels anhand der beiliegenden Zeichnung verwiesen.With regard to further advantageous embodiments and modifications of the invention, reference is made to the dependent claims and the following description of an embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In der Zeichnung zeigt:
- Figur 1
- eine schematische Darstellung einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung;
Figur 2- einen Querschnitt durch ein Modul eines erfindungsgemäßen Galvanisierungssystems; und
- Figur 3
- einen erfindungsgemäßen Träger mit einer aufgedruckten Starterschicht in Form einer Antennenstruktur.
- FIG. 1
- a schematic representation of a device according to the invention;
- FIG. 2
- a cross section through a module of a Galvanisierungssystems invention; and
- FIG. 3
- a carrier according to the invention with a printed starter layer in the form of an antenna structure.
Die
Zwischen zwei Kontaktierwalzen 2 ist jeweils eine Umlenkrolle 5 angeordnet, die über einen nicht dargestellten Stellmotor höhenverstellbar ist. Ein zu kontaktierender und zu beschichtender Träger 6 ist in der Form einer Endlosfolie ausgebildet und wird wie mit Pfeilen in der
Um die Kontaktierwalzen 2 vor gegebenenfalls durch den Träger 6 mitgeschlepptem Elektrolyt 3 schützen zu können, sind an einer Seite der Kontaktierwalzen 2, an der der aus dem Galvanikbad 4 heraustretende Träger 6 als erstes zur Anlage kommt, Abstreifer 8 vorgesehen. Zusätzlich können die Kontaktierwalzen 2 von unten durch Kunststoffträger 9 gegen Beaufschlagung mit Elektrolyt 3 geschützt werden.In order to be able to protect the contacting
Für den Fall, dass sich trotzdem ungewollt Anodenmaterial oder Verunreinigungen an den Kontaktierwalzen 2 ablagern, ist an einer Seite der Kontaktierwalzen 2, an der der in das Galvanikbad 4 eintretende Träger 6 zuletzt zur Anlage kommt, ein Schaber 10 zum Abschaben des an den Kontaktierwalzen 2 abgelagerten Anodenmaterials vorgesehen. Der Abrieb des Schabers 10 wird in Anodenkörbe 11 geleitet und anschließend wieder aufgelöst.In the event that unintentionally deposit anode material or impurities on the contacting
Zur Rückführung von gegebenenfalls mitgeschlepptem Elektrolyt 3 in den Galvanisierungskreislauf, ist eine nicht näher dargestellte Ablaufrinne unterhalb der Kontaktierwalzen 2 ausgebildet, die den Elektrolyt 3 in eine Auffangwanne bzw. in das Galvanikbad 4 lenkt.To return possibly entrained electrolyte 3 in the galvanization, a non-illustrated gutter below the contacting
Die
Ein erfindungsgemäßes Galvanisierungssystem setzt sich aus 30 bis 40 solcher Galvanisierungsmodule 12 zusammen, welche sowohl hintereinander als auch übereinander angeordnet und somit an das zur Verfügung stehende Raumangebot angepasst aufgestellt werden können.An electroplating system according to the invention is composed of 30 to 40
Zur Beschichtung der Starterschicht 7 auf dem Träger 6 mit einem leitfähigen Material wird der Träger 6 zunächst von einer Materialabwicklungseinheit über eine nicht dargestellte Lochungseinheit zwecks eines gezielten Durchstanzens des Trägers 6 zur beidseitigen Beschichtung des Trägers 6 in ein Elektrolytvorbad geleitet. In dem Elektrolytvorbad wird die auf dem Träger 6 aufgedruckte Starterschicht 7, die beispielsweise durch eine aufgedruckte Eisencarbonylfarbe gebildet ist, in dem definierten Elektrolytbad auf ca. 1 bis 2 µm metallisiert. Durch diese Metallisierung wird die empfindliche, oft schlecht haftende, aus kugelförmigen Eisencarbonyl-Pigmenten bestehende Starterschicht 7 gegen mechanischen Abrieb der Eisenteilchen in den ersten Folgeprozessen gesichert. Anschließend wird der Träger 6 einer Reihe von hintereinander geschalteten Modulen 12 gemäß der
Werden die Kontaktierwalzen 2 von einer nicht dargestellten Stromversorgung kathodisch beaufschlagt, wird die Oberfläche des die Module 12 durchlaufenden Trägers 6 derart geladen, dass sich in dem Elektrolyt 3 befindliches Anodenmaterial an der Starterschicht 7 des Trägers 6 anlagert, so dass sich eine leitfähige, hoch homogene Kupferschicht auf der Starterschicht 7 des Trägers 6 anlagert. Von den Anodenkörben 11 gehen gleichzeitig weitere Metallionen in den Elektrolyt 3 über. Über ein nicht dargestelltes zusätzliches Versorgungsmodul kann die Konzentration von im Elektrolyt 3 befindlichen Metallionen gesteuert werden.If the contacting
Für den Fall, dass der Träger 6 zweiseitig bedruckt ist, wird er mit der stärker bedruckten Seite auf den Kontaktierwalzen 2 durch die Module 12 geleitet. Die Umlenkrollen 5 führen den Träger 6 durch den Elektrolyt im Galvanikbad 4. Die nun leitfähige Starterschicht 7 nimmt an den Kontaktierwalzen 2 die Spannung an. Die Gleichspannung wird negativ von ca. 0,5 bis 5V je nach gewünschter und möglicher Metallisierungsstärke angelegt. Dabei fließen Ströme bis über 50 A pro Vorrichtungseinheit 1. Der Träger 6 wird anschließend in den beispielsweise mit Kupferionen angereicherten Elektrolyt 3 eingetaucht und es lagern sich entsprechend weitere in Elektrolytlösung befindliche Ionen an der bereits aufgekupferten Schicht an. Durch das gezielte Durchstanzen des Trägers 6 kann an einem beidseitig bedruckten Träger 6 auch die der Kontaktierwalze 2 abgewandte Trägerseite metallisiert werden.In the case that the
Da die Anordnung der Kontaktierwalzen 2 immer symmetrisch ist, können auch sehr kurze Druckobjekte/Starteschichten 7 gleichförmig beschichtet werden. Die geringe Materialbahnlänge zwischen den Kontaktierwalzen 2 ermöglicht bei längeren Ausdehnungen der Starterschichten 7 in Längs- bzw. Förderrichtung eine ständige Beaufschlagung mit einer elektrischen Gleichspannung. Es kann bei längeren Ausdehnungen der Starterschicht 7 zweckmäßig sein, beispielsweise jeweils zwei Umlenkrollen 5 zwischen den Kontaktierwalzen 2 vorzusehen, um einen möglichst homogenen Transport des Trägers 6 zu gewährleisten. Bei kürzeren Objekten kann der Stromfluss gegebenenfalls kurz unterbrochen sein. Durch die Verstellung der Position der Umlenkrollen 5 zwischen zwei Kontaktierwalzen 2 wird eine Anpassung der Bahnlänge der Starterschicht 7 auf dem Träger 6 im Elektrolyt 3 möglich. Durch die Veränderung der Position der Umlenkrollen 5 zwischen zwei Kontaktierwalzen 2 kann eine vom Träger 6 im Galvanikbad 4 zurückzulegende Strecke, die zwischen zwei Kontaktpunkten zweier benachbarter Kontaktierwalzen 2 gebildet ist, an die Ausdehnung der zu beschichteten Starterschicht 7 angepasst werden. Unter Ausdehnung sind in dieser Anmeldung die Abmessungen der Starterschicht 7 insbesondere in Längsrichtung bzw. der Förderrichtung der zu fördernden Materialbahn 6 gemeint.Since the arrangement of the contacting
Während der Förderung des Trägers 6 wird der Träger 6 stark gestützt geführt. Dadurch kann auch sehr dünnes oder gegen Bahnzug empfindliches Material bearbeitet werden. In einem nicht dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel ist in dem System ein Reinigungs- und Inertisierungsmodul zwischengeschaltet. Dies besteht aus einem Bad mit destilliertem Wasser zur Reinigung und einem citronesäurehaltigen Inertisierungsbad.During the promotion of the
Schließlich wird der bereits mit der notwendigen Schichtdicke beschichtete Träger 6 über eine mit den fertig gestellten Strukturen nicht dargestellte Trocknungseinheit einer Materialbahnaufwicklungseinheit zugeführt.Finally, the
Die
Claims (20)
- An apparatus (1) for galvanically depositing an electrically conductive layer onto a carrier (6) on which at least partially a starter layer (7) is disposed suitable for electroplating comprising an electroplating bath (4) in which an electrolyte (3) for depositing conductive material is provided, with at least two contact rollers (2) which are disposed outside of the electroplating bath (4), and which can be connected as cathodes and/or anodes, and at least one deflection roller (5) which is positioned between the contact rollers (2),
characterised in that
the position of the deflection roller (5) between two contact rollers (2) is changeable such that by changing the position of the deflection roller (5) a distance to be covered by the carrier (6) and which is formed between two contact points of two adjacent contact rollers (2) corresponds to an extension of the starter layer (7) to be coated. - The apparatus (1) according to Claim 1, characterised in that the position of the deflection roller (5) is changed electrically and/or mechanically by means of an actuator.
- The apparatus (1) according to Claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the electrolyte (3) is supplied by means of anode baskets (11) filled with metal elements which are disposed in the electroplating bath (4) in particular such as to be height adjustable.
- The apparatus (1) according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the carrier (6) is conveyed through the electroplating bath (4) by means of the contact rollers (2) which can respectively be driven by a speed-regulated drive unit, in particular by means of a toothed belt.
- The apparatus (1) according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the contact rollers (2) are polished with a positive curve, by means of which they hold the carrier (6) in the central position when being conveyed.
- The apparatus (1) according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the deflection roller (5) is provided with an Airturn.
- The apparatus (1) according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that an overflow is formed in the electroplating bath (4).
- The apparatus (1) according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that on one side of the contact rollers, in particular at which the carrier passing out of the electroplating bath (4) first comes to rest, a wiper (8) is provided.
- The apparatus (1) according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that on one side of the contact rollers (2), in particular at which the carrier passing into the electroplating bath (4) last comes to rest, a scraper (10) is provided for scraping away the electrolyte (3) deposited on the contact rollers (2).
- The apparatus (1) according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the voltage is supplied to both sides of the contact rollers (2) by means of collector rings.
- The apparatus (1) according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that for homogeneous distribution of the voltage a voltage distributor or segmented contact rollers with a corresponding power supply are provided.
- The apparatus (1) according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the deflection roller (5) is mounted with glass ball bearings.
- The apparatus (1) according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that spacer units are provided between the bearing housings of the bearings of the contact rollers (2) and the side walls of the electroplating bath (4).
- The apparatus (1) according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that a flap is formed in the electroplating bath (4) by means of which the anode baskets (11) can be changed.
- The apparatus (1) according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that external electrolyte enrichment is provided outside of the electroplating bath (4).
- An electroplating system with at least one apparatus (1) according to any of Claims 1 to 15, with at least one conveyance apparatus which conveys the carrier (6), and at least one receiving apparatus which receives the carrier (6).
- The electroplating system according to Claim 16, characterised in that a preliminary electrolyte bath is connected upstream of the at least one apparatus (1).
- The electroplating system according to either of Claims 16 or 17, characterised in that at least one measuring unit for measuring the thickness and/or the resistance of the layer thicknesses of the starter layer (7) is disposed between at least two apparatuses (1).
- The electroplating system according to any of Claims 16 to 18, characterised in that the apparatuses (1) can be individually removed from the electroplating system for maintenance work.
- The electroplating system according to any of Claims 16 to 19, characterised in that it has a cleansing and/or an inertisation module.
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT06115181T ATE446393T1 (en) | 2006-06-08 | 2006-06-08 | DEVICE FOR THE GALVANIC DEPOSITION OF SURFACES AND GALVANIZING SYSTEM |
EP06115181A EP1865094B1 (en) | 2006-06-08 | 2006-06-08 | Apparatus for electrochemical deposition on surfaces and electrochemical system |
DE502006005186T DE502006005186D1 (en) | 2006-06-08 | 2006-06-08 | Device for galvanic deposition of surfaces and electroplating system |
PCT/EP2007/004890 WO2007140949A1 (en) | 2006-06-08 | 2007-06-01 | Apparatus for electrolytic deposition on surfaces and electroplating system |
US11/808,102 US7837839B2 (en) | 2006-06-08 | 2007-06-06 | Conductive coating of surfaces |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP06115181A EP1865094B1 (en) | 2006-06-08 | 2006-06-08 | Apparatus for electrochemical deposition on surfaces and electrochemical system |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1865094A1 EP1865094A1 (en) | 2007-12-12 |
EP1865094B1 true EP1865094B1 (en) | 2009-10-21 |
Family
ID=37397140
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP06115181A Not-in-force EP1865094B1 (en) | 2006-06-08 | 2006-06-08 | Apparatus for electrochemical deposition on surfaces and electrochemical system |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7837839B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1865094B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE446393T1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE502006005186D1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2007140949A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN105780098A (en) * | 2014-12-23 | 2016-07-20 | 天津市麟祥久益科技有限公司 | Electroplated aluminum plate washing equipment |
CN105780096B (en) * | 2016-05-25 | 2018-06-22 | 南通汇丰电子科技有限公司 | A kind of plating transmission device |
Family Cites Families (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5636933Y2 (en) * | 1976-03-31 | 1981-08-31 | ||
LU85086A1 (en) * | 1983-11-11 | 1985-07-17 | Cockerill Sambre Sa | DEVICE FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC DEPOSITION OF A LAYER OF A COVERING METAL ON A METAL STRIP |
DE3423734C1 (en) * | 1984-06-28 | 1985-09-12 | Krupp Stahl Ag, 4630 Bochum | Plant for the electrolytic surface coating of a metal strip, in particular for galvanizing steel strip |
US4820390A (en) * | 1987-07-06 | 1989-04-11 | The Interlake Companies, Inc. | Apparatus and method for continuous electrochemical machining of strip material |
JPH01162797A (en) * | 1987-12-18 | 1989-06-27 | Nkk Corp | Device for removing metal sticking to conductor roll for electroplating |
US4840712A (en) * | 1988-10-13 | 1989-06-20 | Bethlehem Steel Corporation | Process for improving wear on conductor rolls in electroplating of steel surfaces |
AU2001270604A1 (en) * | 2000-06-29 | 2002-01-08 | Helga Kollmann | Method for producing cathodes and anodes for electrochemical systems, metallised material used therein, method and device for production of said metallised material |
DE10141056C2 (en) * | 2001-08-22 | 2003-12-24 | Atotech Deutschland Gmbh | Method and device for the electrolytic treatment of electrically conductive layers in continuous systems |
WO2003038158A2 (en) * | 2001-10-25 | 2003-05-08 | Infineon Technologies Ag | Electroplating device and electroplating system for coating already conductive structures |
DE10234705B4 (en) * | 2001-10-25 | 2008-01-17 | Infineon Technologies Ag | Electroplating and electroplating system for coating already conductive structures |
US6991717B2 (en) * | 2002-04-05 | 2006-01-31 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Web processing method and apparatus |
-
2006
- 2006-06-08 AT AT06115181T patent/ATE446393T1/en active
- 2006-06-08 DE DE502006005186T patent/DE502006005186D1/en active Active
- 2006-06-08 EP EP06115181A patent/EP1865094B1/en not_active Not-in-force
-
2007
- 2007-06-01 WO PCT/EP2007/004890 patent/WO2007140949A1/en active Application Filing
- 2007-06-06 US US11/808,102 patent/US7837839B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2007140949A1 (en) | 2007-12-13 |
US7837839B2 (en) | 2010-11-23 |
EP1865094A1 (en) | 2007-12-12 |
US20080000769A1 (en) | 2008-01-03 |
DE502006005186D1 (en) | 2009-12-03 |
ATE446393T1 (en) | 2009-11-15 |
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