EP1864472B1 - Method and apparatus for increasing radio frequency efficiency for mixed voice over internet protocol and data traffic - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for increasing radio frequency efficiency for mixed voice over internet protocol and data traffic Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1864472B1 EP1864472B1 EP06739162.3A EP06739162A EP1864472B1 EP 1864472 B1 EP1864472 B1 EP 1864472B1 EP 06739162 A EP06739162 A EP 06739162A EP 1864472 B1 EP1864472 B1 EP 1864472B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- packets
- voip
- internet protocol
- voice over
- over internet
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Not-in-force
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 17
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000015654 memory Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009432 framing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010076 replication Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/66—Arrangements for connecting between networks having differing types of switching systems, e.g. gateways
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
- H04L65/80—Responding to QoS
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
- H04L65/1066—Session management
- H04L65/1101—Session protocols
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
- H04L47/10—Flow control; Congestion control
- H04L47/28—Flow control; Congestion control in relation to timing considerations
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
- H04L5/22—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path using time-division multiplexing
Definitions
- This invention relates generally to telecommunications, and, more particularly, to wireless communications.
- a system typically includes a plurality of base stations distributed within an area to be serviced by the system. Various users within the area, fixed or mobile, may then access the system and, thus, other interconnected telecommunications systems, via one or more of the base stations.
- a mobile device maintains communications with the system as the mobile device passes through an area by communicating with one and then another base station, as the user moves.
- the mobile device 120 may communicate with the closest base station, the base station with the strongest signal, the base station with a capacity sufficient to accept communications, etc.
- TDMA Time Division Multiple Access
- RF radio frequency
- VoIP Voice over Internet Protocol
- TDMA has a tight delay budget that also inhibits the RF system from exploiting multi-user diversity gain on the dynamic air interface.
- header compression does not address the issue of RF transport efficiency directly.
- many wireless protocols employ physical framing structure with fixed time duration. Thus, even if the VoIP traffic is header compressed end-to-end, the transport efficiency over an air interface can still be rather poor.
- EVDO Evolution Data Only
- Rev. A incorporates a capability of transmitting forward link packets addressed to multiple access terminals in a common time slot, which opens the door to improve the RF efficiency for VoIP transport.
- RF scheduler schemes employed in EVDO are not designed to optimize the RF efficiency in a mixed VoIP and data environment. For example, it has been shown the current EVDO Quality of Service (QoS) scheduler suffers a significance loss of RF efficiency once VoIP service is introduced into the system.
- QoS Quality of Service
- Document EP 1 443 733 A2 discloses a packet data flow identification for multiplexing.
- Document EP 1 404 058 discloses a system for reduction packet header overhead of real-time wireless LAN by encapsulating multiple RTP packets into one single packet
- the present invention is directed to overcoming or at least reducing, the effects of one or more of the problems as set forth above.
- the invention provides for a method for controlling a communications system in the independent claim. Embodiments are described in the dependent claims.
- the instant invention is directed to an innovative RF scheduling scheme in a wireless telecommunications system.
- the RF scheduling scheme is intended to improve the VoIP performance together with the packet data throughput on the wireless or air interface.
- the system has traffic injection from VoIP and general packet data applications.
- the objective of the system is to deliver the VoIP, as well as the data packets, onto the air interface with joint improved performance on a user level, as well as a system aggregate level.
- a communications system 100 is illustrated, in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
- the communications system 100 of Figure 1 is a Universal Mobile Telephone System (UMTS), although it should be understood that the present invention may be applicable to other systems that support data and/or voice communication.
- the communications system 100 allows one or more mobile devices 120 to communicate with a data network 135, such as the Internet, and/or a public telephone system (PSTN) 136 through one or more base stations 110.
- a data network 135, such as the Internet such as the Internet
- PSTN public telephone system
- the mobile device 120 may take the form of any of a variety of devices, including cellular phones, personal digital assistants (PDAs), laptop computers, digital pagers, wireless cards, and any other device capable of accessing the data network 135 and/or the PSTN 136 through the base station 110.
- PDAs personal digital assistants
- laptop computers laptop computers
- digital pagers digital pagers
- wireless cards any other device capable of accessing the data network 135 and/or the PSTN 136 through the base station 110.
- a plurality of the base stations 110 may be coupled to a Radio Network Controller (RNC) 140 by one or more connections, such as T1/EI lines or circuits, ATM circuits, cables, optical digital subscriber lines (DSLs), Ethernet/GigabitEthernet links, and the like.
- RNC Radio Network Controller
- connections such as T1/EI lines or circuits, ATM circuits, cables, optical digital subscriber lines (DSLs), Ethernet/GigabitEthernet links, and the like.
- DSLs optical digital subscriber lines
- Ethernet/GigabitEthernet links and the like.
- the RNC 140 generally provides replication, communications, runtime, and system management services, and, may be involved in coordinating the transition of the mobile device 120 during transitions (e.g., soft handoffs) between the base stations 110.
- transitions e.g., soft handoffs
- the instant invention is described below as being located, at least in part, in the base station 110, those skilled in the art will appreciate that some or all of the functionality attributed to the base stations 110 may be located in the RNC 140 without departing from the spirit and scope of the instant invention.
- the RNCs 140 are also coupled to a Core Network (CN) 150 via a connection, which may take on any of a variety of forms, such as T1/EI lines or circuits, ATM circuits, cables, optical digital subscriber lines (DSLs), Ethernet/GigabitEthernet links, and the like.
- CN 150 operates as an interface to the data network 135 and/or to the public telephone system (PSTN) 136.
- PSTN public telephone system
- the CN 150 may perform a variety of functions and operations, such as user authentication, however, a detailed description of the structure and operation of the CN 150 is not necessary to an understanding and appreciation of the instant invention. Accordingly, to avoid unnecessarily obfuscating the instant invention, further details of the CN 150 are not presented herein. However, those skilled in the art will appreciate that some or all of the functionality attributed to the base stations 110 may be located in the CN 150 without departing from the spirit and scope of the instant invention.
- the communications system 100 enables the mobile devices 120 to communicate with the data network 135, the PSTN 136 and/or one another. It should be understood, however, that the configuration of the communications system 100 of Figure 1 is exemplary in nature, and that fewer or additional components may be employed in other embodiments of the communications system 200 without departing from the spirit and scope of the instant invention.
- terms such as “processing” or “computing” or “calculating” or “determining” or “displaying” or the like refer to the action and processes of a computer system, or similar electronic computing device, that manipulates and transforms data represented as physical, electronic quantities within the computer system's registers and memories into other data similarly represented as physical quantities within the computer system's memories or registers or other such information storage, transmission or display devices.
- FIG. 2 a block diagram of a portion of the base station 110 is shown.
- a portion of the base station 110 that is responsible for handling VoIP and Data traffic is depicted.
- Traffic arriving at the base station 110 from the RNCs 140 can be generally categorized as data traffic or VoIP traffic.
- Data traffic is delivered to a Data User Scheduler 200 that is generally responsible for assigning each of the received packets of data to a time slot in which it will be transmitted.
- the data packets are then delivered to a General Packet Multiplexer 202, which is used to coordinate the overall delivery of VoIP and Data packets to the mobile devices 120.
- VoIP traffic is delivered to a VoIP packet multiplexer 204.
- the VoIP packet multiplexer 204 is generally responsible for controlling VoIP traffic.
- the VoIP multiplexer 204 accumulates VoIP packets and decides when to deliver them to the general packet multiplexer 202 based on pre-configured criteria.
- the VoIP packet multiplexer 204 accumulates one or more VoIP packets, and owing to their generally small size delivers a plurality of the VoIP packets to the general packet multiplexer to be transmitted in a single time slot. Any of a variety of pre-configured criteria may be used in determining how many of the VoIP packets may be placed into a single time slot without departing from the spirit and scope of the instant invention.
- the following steps can compose a reasonable criteria: the number of accumulated VoIP packets reaches a maximum number of packets allowed by the system to be multiplexed on the same time slot; or alternatively, the latency experienced by the first arrived VoIP packet reaches a pre-defined latency threshold.
- the VoIP packet multiplexer 204 also interacts with the Data User Scheduler 202. That is, the VoIP packet multiplexer 204 is responsible for establishing RF resource information (e.g., the maximum RF data rate constraint, the available RF resource left for other data, etc. ) and providing the RF resource information to the Data User Scheduler 200.
- the Data User Scheduler 200 is configured to provide a conventional data scheduling function for general packet data services, and can use any of a variety of scheduler algorithms that may be selected by a designer of the communication system 100. Generally, when the VoIP packet multiplexer 204 has no traffic that is to be delivered to the mobile devices 120, the data user scheduler 200 has the entire RF resource to leverage.
- Such a situation may occur under at least two circumstances: when no VoIP traffic is being received; or when VoIP traffic is being received, but the VoIP packet multiplexer 204 is accumulating VoIP packets.
- the Data User Scheduler 200 has only a portion of RF resource available to schedule under the constraints established by the VoIP packet multiplexer 204.
- the output of the Data User Scheduler 200 is the set of data user packets (if any) to the General Packet Multiplexer 202.
- the General Packet Multiplexer 202 is generally responsible for combining the VoIP and data packets into a format suitable for physical layer transmission by a Physical Packet Transmitter 206. It is a design option to enable or disable such packet multiplexing crossing traffic flows of different QoS requirements.
- HARQ Hybrid-Acknowledgement Request
- HARQ employs multi-time slot packet transmission. In such cases, if the system finds the time slot is occupied by an on-going transmission of packets that contains no VoIP traffic, and it has a new packet with VoIP traffic scheduled, it is an option to pre-empt the on-going transmission of the data packet in order to serve the VoIP packet. If pre-emption is permitted, the HARQ process of the data packet is halted, which may lead to the loss of the data packet, and upper-layer responsibility is left to cope with the packet loss.
- EVDO Evolution Data Only
- HARQ Hybrid-Acknowledgement Request
- the Physical Packet Transmitter 206 is generally responsible for the actual transmission of the physical packet in the context of the specific RF technology.
- the proposed method minimizes the time slot resource that the VoIP traffic occupies. Therefore, the time slots for other data traffic are maximized, which enables the exploitation of multi-user diversity gain by conventional scheduler schemes, such as proportional fair.
- this invention provides a novel scheduler framework that jointly optimizes the performance of both VoIP and general packet data services. As a result, the overall RF efficiency is optimized as well.
- FIG. 3 a flowchart of one embodiment of a control scheme 300 that may be implemented in the VoIP Packet Multiplexer 204 is illustrated.
- the control scheme begins at block 302 with receipt of a VoIP packet.
- the received VoIP packet is accumulated with any previously received, but as yet unsent, VoIP packets.
- the control scheme 300 determines if a maximum number of packets have been accumulated. If so, control transfers to block 308 where the accumulated VoIP packets are delivered to the General Packet Multiplexer 202 so that the accumulated VoIP packets may be all transmitted in a single time slot.
- control units may include a microprocessor, a microcontroller, a digital signal processor, a processor card (including one or more microprocessors or controllers), or other control or computing devices.
- the storage devices referred to in this discussion may include one or more machine-readable storage media for storing data and instructions.
- the storage media may include different forms of memory including semiconductor memory devices such as dynamic or static random access memories (DRAMs or SRAMs), erasable and programmable read-only memories (EPROMs), electrically erasable and programmable read-only memories (EEPROMs) and flash memories; magnetic disks such as fixed, floppy, removable disks; other magnetic media including tape; and optical media such as compact disks (CDs) or digital video disks (DVDs).
- DRAMs or SRAMs dynamic or static random access memories
- EPROMs erasable and programmable read-only memories
- EEPROMs electrically erasable and programmable read-only memories
- flash memories such as fixed, floppy, removable disks
- CDs compact disks
- DVDs digital video disks
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- General Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
- Telephonic Communication Services (AREA)
- Small-Scale Networks (AREA)
Description
- This invention relates generally to telecommunications, and, more particularly, to wireless communications.
- In the field of wireless telecommunications, such as cellular telephony, a system typically includes a plurality of base stations distributed within an area to be serviced by the system. Various users within the area, fixed or mobile, may then access the system and, thus, other interconnected telecommunications systems, via one or more of the base stations. Typically, a mobile device maintains communications with the system as the mobile device passes through an area by communicating with one and then another base station, as the user moves. The
mobile device 120 may communicate with the closest base station, the base station with the strongest signal, the base station with a capacity sufficient to accept communications, etc. - In some wireless systems, communications between the base stations and the mobile devices occur via a radio frequency (RF) system that uses dynamic Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) to support multiple users via scheduling. That is, each of the multiple users is scheduled to transmit within a specified time slot. TDMA achieves high RF efficiency for general packet data services; however, when Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) service is introduced, it degrades the RF efficiency due to its small packet size, which often leads to a poor transport packing efficiency. Further, TDMA has a tight delay budget that also inhibits the RF system from exploiting multi-user diversity gain on the dynamic air interface.
- One mechanism that has been employed to improve the VoIP transport efficiency is the use of header compression from source to destination. However, header compression does not address the issue of RF transport efficiency directly. For example, many wireless protocols employ physical framing structure with fixed time duration. Thus, even if the VoIP traffic is header compressed end-to-end, the transport efficiency over an air interface can still be rather poor.
- On the RF side, a relatively new high-speed technology commonly referred to as Evolution Data Only (EVDO) attempts to alleviate the issue. EVDO (Rev. A) incorporates a capability of transmitting forward link packets addressed to multiple access terminals in a common time slot, which opens the door to improve the RF efficiency for VoIP transport. However, EVDO has some notable shortcomings. RF scheduler schemes employed in EVDO are not designed to optimize the RF efficiency in a mixed VoIP and data environment. For example, it has been shown the current EVDO Quality of Service (QoS) scheduler suffers a significance loss of RF efficiency once VoIP service is introduced into the system.
- Document
EP 1 443 733 A2 discloses a packet data flow identification for multiplexing. - Document
EP 1 404 058 discloses a system for reduction packet header overhead of real-time wireless LAN by encapsulating multiple RTP packets into one single packet The present invention is directed to overcoming or at least reducing, the effects of one or more of the problems as set forth above. - The invention provides for a method for controlling a communications system in the independent claim. Embodiments are described in the dependent claims.
- The invention may be understood by reference to the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which like reference numerals identify like elements, and in which:
-
Figure 1 is a block diagram of a communications system; and -
Figure 2 is a block diagram of a portion of a base station that may be employed in the communications system ofFigure 1 ; and -
Figure 3 is a stylistic flowchart representation of a process performed by base stations during a Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) communications session. - While the invention is susceptible to various modifications and alternative forms, specific embodiments thereof have been shown by way of example in the drawings and are herein described in detail. It should be understood, however, that the description herein of specific embodiments is not intended to limit the invention to the particular forms disclosed, but on the contrary, the intention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
- Illustrative embodiments of the invention are described below. In the interest of clarity, not all features of an actual implementation are described in this specification. It will of course be appreciated that in the development of any such actual embodiment, numerous implementation-specific decisions may be made to achieve the developers' specific goals, such as compliance with system-related and business-related constraints, which may vary from one implementation to another. Moreover, it will be appreciated that such a development effort might be complex and time-consuming, but may nevertheless be a routine undertaking for those of ordinary skill in the art having the benefit of this disclosure.
- Generally, the instant invention is directed to an innovative RF scheduling scheme in a wireless telecommunications system. The RF scheduling scheme is intended to improve the VoIP performance together with the packet data throughput on the wireless or air interface. The system has traffic injection from VoIP and general packet data applications. The objective of the system is to deliver the VoIP, as well as the data packets, onto the air interface with joint improved performance on a user level, as well as a system aggregate level.
- Turning now to the drawings, and specifically referring to
Figure 1 , acommunications system 100 is illustrated, in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. For illustrative purposes, thecommunications system 100 ofFigure 1 is a Universal Mobile Telephone System (UMTS), although it should be understood that the present invention may be applicable to other systems that support data and/or voice communication. Thecommunications system 100 allows one or moremobile devices 120 to communicate with adata network 135, such as the Internet, and/or a public telephone system (PSTN) 136 through one ormore base stations 110. Themobile device 120 may take the form of any of a variety of devices, including cellular phones, personal digital assistants (PDAs), laptop computers, digital pagers, wireless cards, and any other device capable of accessing thedata network 135 and/or thePSTN 136 through thebase station 110. - In one embodiment, a plurality of the
base stations 110 may be coupled to a Radio Network Controller (RNC) 140 by one or more connections, such as T1/EI lines or circuits, ATM circuits, cables, optical digital subscriber lines (DSLs), Ethernet/GigabitEthernet links, and the like. Although twoRNCs 140 are illustrated, those skilled in the art will appreciate thatmore RNCs 140 may be utilized to interface with a large number ofbase stations 110. Generally, the RNC 140 operates in coordination with thebase stations 110 to which it is connected with the aid of agent software (not shown) in theRNC 140 and agent software (not shown) in thebase station 110. TheRNC 140 generally provides replication, communications, runtime, and system management services, and, may be involved in coordinating the transition of themobile device 120 during transitions (e.g., soft handoffs) between thebase stations 110. Although the instant invention is described below as being located, at least in part, in thebase station 110, those skilled in the art will appreciate that some or all of the functionality attributed to thebase stations 110 may be located in theRNC 140 without departing from the spirit and scope of the instant invention. - The
RNCs 140 are also coupled to a Core Network (CN) 150 via a connection, which may take on any of a variety of forms, such as T1/EI lines or circuits, ATM circuits, cables, optical digital subscriber lines (DSLs), Ethernet/GigabitEthernet links, and the like. Generally the CN 150 operates as an interface to thedata network 135 and/or to the public telephone system (PSTN) 136. The CN 150 may perform a variety of functions and operations, such as user authentication, however, a detailed description of the structure and operation of theCN 150 is not necessary to an understanding and appreciation of the instant invention. Accordingly, to avoid unnecessarily obfuscating the instant invention, further details of theCN 150 are not presented herein. However, those skilled in the art will appreciate that some or all of the functionality attributed to thebase stations 110 may be located in theCN 150 without departing from the spirit and scope of the instant invention. - Thus, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the
communications system 100 enables themobile devices 120 to communicate with thedata network 135, thePSTN 136 and/or one another. It should be understood, however, that the configuration of thecommunications system 100 ofFigure 1 is exemplary in nature, and that fewer or additional components may be employed in other embodiments of thecommunications system 200 without departing from the spirit and scope of the instant invention. - Unless specifically stated otherwise, or as is apparent from the discussion, terms such as "processing" or "computing" or "calculating" or "determining" or "displaying" or the like, refer to the action and processes of a computer system, or similar electronic computing device, that manipulates and transforms data represented as physical, electronic quantities within the computer system's registers and memories into other data similarly represented as physical quantities within the computer system's memories or registers or other such information storage, transmission or display devices.
- Turning now to
Figure 2 , a block diagram of a portion of thebase station 110 is shown. In particular, a portion of thebase station 110 that is responsible for handling VoIP and Data traffic is depicted. Traffic arriving at thebase station 110 from theRNCs 140 can be generally categorized as data traffic or VoIP traffic. Data traffic is delivered to aData User Scheduler 200 that is generally responsible for assigning each of the received packets of data to a time slot in which it will be transmitted. The data packets are then delivered to aGeneral Packet Multiplexer 202, which is used to coordinate the overall delivery of VoIP and Data packets to themobile devices 120. - VoIP traffic is delivered to a
VoIP packet multiplexer 204. TheVoIP packet multiplexer 204 is generally responsible for controlling VoIP traffic. TheVoIP multiplexer 204 accumulates VoIP packets and decides when to deliver them to thegeneral packet multiplexer 202 based on pre-configured criteria. Generally, theVoIP packet multiplexer 204 accumulates one or more VoIP packets, and owing to their generally small size delivers a plurality of the VoIP packets to the general packet multiplexer to be transmitted in a single time slot. Any of a variety of pre-configured criteria may be used in determining how many of the VoIP packets may be placed into a single time slot without departing from the spirit and scope of the instant invention. For example, the following steps can compose a reasonable criteria: the number of accumulated VoIP packets reaches a maximum number of packets allowed by the system to be multiplexed on the same time slot; or alternatively, the latency experienced by the first arrived VoIP packet reaches a pre-defined latency threshold. - The
VoIP packet multiplexer 204 also interacts with theData User Scheduler 202. That is, theVoIP packet multiplexer 204 is responsible for establishing RF resource information (e.g., the maximum RF data rate constraint, the available RF resource left for other data, etc.) and providing the RF resource information to theData User Scheduler 200. TheData User Scheduler 200 is configured to provide a conventional data scheduling function for general packet data services, and can use any of a variety of scheduler algorithms that may be selected by a designer of thecommunication system 100. Generally, when theVoIP packet multiplexer 204 has no traffic that is to be delivered to themobile devices 120, thedata user scheduler 200 has the entire RF resource to leverage. Such a situation may occur under at least two circumstances: when no VoIP traffic is being received; or when VoIP traffic is being received, but theVoIP packet multiplexer 204 is accumulating VoIP packets. However, when theVoIP packet multiplexer 204 is delivering VoIP packets to theGeneral Packet Multiplexer 202, theData User Scheduler 200 has only a portion of RF resource available to schedule under the constraints established by theVoIP packet multiplexer 204. The output of theData User Scheduler 200 is the set of data user packets (if any) to theGeneral Packet Multiplexer 202. - The
General Packet Multiplexer 202 is generally responsible for combining the VoIP and data packets into a format suitable for physical layer transmission by aPhysical Packet Transmitter 206. It is a design option to enable or disable such packet multiplexing crossing traffic flows of different QoS requirements. - In some communication technologies, such as Evolution Data Only (EVDO), a Hybrid-Acknowledgement Request (HARQ) technique is used. HARQ employs multi-time slot packet transmission. In such cases, if the system finds the time slot is occupied by an on-going transmission of packets that contains no VoIP traffic, and it has a new packet with VoIP traffic scheduled, it is an option to pre-empt the on-going transmission of the data packet in order to serve the VoIP packet. If pre-emption is permitted, the HARQ process of the data packet is halted, which may lead to the loss of the data packet, and upper-layer responsibility is left to cope with the packet loss.
- The
Physical Packet Transmitter 206 is generally responsible for the actual transmission of the physical packet in the context of the specific RF technology. - Conventional wireless scheduler schemes work on a single packet basis, and try to serve delay-sensitive traffic, such as VoIP as soon as possible in order to meet the stringent service latency requirement. The methodology of the instant invention, however, intentionally introduces latency for multiplexing so the scheduler decision is made on a multi-user packet basis. In TDM-based technology such as EVDO, where the time slot is the limiting RF resource, this extra latency actually reduces the total traffic latency experienced by the VoIP traffic as it substantially improves the RF efficiency of the time slot.
- Meanwhile, the proposed method minimizes the time slot resource that the VoIP traffic occupies. Therefore, the time slots for other data traffic are maximized, which enables the exploitation of multi-user diversity gain by conventional scheduler schemes, such as proportional fair.
- In summary, this invention provides a novel scheduler framework that jointly optimizes the performance of both VoIP and general packet data services. As a result, the overall RF efficiency is optimized as well.
- Turning to
Figure 3 , a flowchart of one embodiment of acontrol scheme 300 that may be implemented in theVoIP Packet Multiplexer 204 is illustrated. The control scheme begins atblock 302 with receipt of a VoIP packet. Atblock 304 the received VoIP packet is accumulated with any previously received, but as yet unsent, VoIP packets. Atblock 306, thecontrol scheme 300 determines if a maximum number of packets have been accumulated. If so, control transfers to block 308 where the accumulated VoIP packets are delivered to theGeneral Packet Multiplexer 202 so that the accumulated VoIP packets may be all transmitted in a single time slot. On the other hand, if the maximum number of VoIP packets has not yet been received, then control transfers to block 310, where thecontrol scheme 300 checks to see if a maximum latency (for the oldest accumulated VoIP packet) has been achieved. If maximum latency has been reached, then control again transfers to block 308 where the accumulated VoIP packets are delivered to theGeneral Packet Multiplexer 202. If neither maximum latency nor the maximum number of packets has been reached, then control returns to block 302 where another VoIP packet may be received by theVoIP packet multiplexer 204. - Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the various system layers, routines, or modules illustrated in the various embodiments herein may be executable control units. The control units may include a microprocessor, a microcontroller, a digital signal processor, a processor card (including one or more microprocessors or controllers), or other control or computing devices. The storage devices referred to in this discussion may include one or more machine-readable storage media for storing data and instructions. The storage media may include different forms of memory including semiconductor memory devices such as dynamic or static random access memories (DRAMs or SRAMs), erasable and programmable read-only memories (EPROMs), electrically erasable and programmable read-only memories (EEPROMs) and flash memories; magnetic disks such as fixed, floppy, removable disks; other magnetic media including tape; and optical media such as compact disks (CDs) or digital video disks (DVDs). Instructions that make up the various software layers, routines, or modules in the various systems may be stored in respective storage devices. The instructions when executed by the control units cause the corresponding system to perform programmed acts.
- The particular embodiments disclosed above are illustrative only, as the invention may be modified and practiced in different but equivalent manners apparent to those skilled in the art having the benefit of the teachings herein. Furthermore, no limitations are intended to the details of construction or design herein shown, other than as described in the claims below. Consequently, the method, system and portions thereof and of the described method and system may be implemented in different locations, such as the wireless unit, the base station, a base station controller and/or mobile switching center. Moreover, processing circuitry required to implement and use the described system may be implemented in application specific integrated circuits, software-driven processing circuitry, firmware, programmable logic devices, hardware, discrete components or arrangements of the above components as would be understood by one of ordinary skill in the art with the benefit of this disclosure. It is therefore evident that the particular embodiments disclosed above may be altered or modified and all such variations are considered within the scope of the invention. Accordingly, the protection sought herein is as set forth in the claims below.
Claims (5)
- A method (300) for controlling a communications system, the method being implemented in a base station (110), the base station comprising a General Packet Multiplexer (202) that is configured for coordinating an overall delivery of voice over internet protocol packets and data packets, the base station further comprising a voice over internet protocol, VoIP, packet multiplexer (204) that is configured to for controlling VoIP traffic, and, the base station further comprising a data user scheduler (200) that is configured for providing a data scheduling function for general packet data services, the method comprising:receiving (302), at the VoIP packet multiplexer, a plurality of voice over internet protocol packets;accumulating (304), at the VoIP packet multiplexer the plurality of the voice over internet protocol packets;providing (308), by the VoIP packet multiplexer, the accumulated plurality of the voice over internet protocol packets to the General Packet Multiplexer;combining, at the General Packet Multiplexer, the VoIP packets and data packets into a format suitable for physical layer transmission, the combination of the packets to be transmitted by a Physical Packet Transmitter (206); andtransmitting, by the Physical Packet Transmitter, the accumulated plurality of voice over internet protocol packets within a single time slot.
- A method, as set forth in claim 1, wherein accumulating a plurality of the voice over internet protocol packets further comprises accumulating a preselected number (306) of voice over internet protocol packets.
- A method, as set forth in claim 1, wherein accumulating a plurality of the voice over internet protocol packets further comprises accumulating voice over internet protocol packets for a preselected duration of time (310).
- A method, as set forth in claim 1, wherein accumulating a plurality of the latency sensitive packets further comprises accumulating a preselected number of the latency sensitive packets.
- A method, as set forth in claim 1, wherein accumulating a plurality of the latency sensitive packets further comprises accumulating latency sensitive packets for a preselected duration of time.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11/095,924 US7489702B2 (en) | 2005-03-31 | 2005-03-31 | Method and apparatus for increasing radio frequency efficiency for mixed voice over internet protocol and data traffic |
PCT/US2006/010259 WO2006104772A1 (en) | 2005-03-31 | 2006-03-21 | Method and apparatus for increasing radio frequency efficiency for mixed voice over internet protocol and data traffic |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1864472A1 EP1864472A1 (en) | 2007-12-12 |
EP1864472B1 true EP1864472B1 (en) | 2018-05-09 |
Family
ID=36691407
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP06739162.3A Not-in-force EP1864472B1 (en) | 2005-03-31 | 2006-03-21 | Method and apparatus for increasing radio frequency efficiency for mixed voice over internet protocol and data traffic |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7489702B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1864472B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP4875060B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR101143211B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN101379792B (en) |
WO (1) | WO2006104772A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US9369246B2 (en) * | 2005-12-30 | 2016-06-14 | Vtech Telecommunications Limited | System and method of enhancing WiFi real-time communications |
US7813296B2 (en) * | 2006-12-27 | 2010-10-12 | Telefonaktiebolaget L M Ericsson (Publ) | Adapting transmission and reception time in packet based cellular systems |
US7936698B1 (en) | 2008-05-13 | 2011-05-03 | Sprint Spectrum L.P. | System and method for reducing reverse noise rise in wireless communications |
US8699423B1 (en) | 2008-06-13 | 2014-04-15 | Clearwire Ip Holdings Llc | Wireless slot allocation |
US8898718B2 (en) * | 2011-01-27 | 2014-11-25 | International Business Machines Corporation | Systems and methods for managed video services at edge-of-the-network |
KR101938130B1 (en) | 2018-06-21 | 2019-01-16 | (주)케이이엠 | Rotating multi punching machine |
JP7337627B2 (en) * | 2019-09-24 | 2023-09-04 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Communication controller and system |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1404058A2 (en) * | 2002-09-30 | 2004-03-31 | NEC Infrontia Corporation | Reduction of the packet header overhead of real-time data in a wireless LAN by encapsulation of multiple RTP packets into one single packet |
US6721334B1 (en) * | 1999-02-18 | 2004-04-13 | 3Com Corporation | Method and apparatus for packet aggregation in packet-based network |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1106008A1 (en) | 1998-08-20 | 2001-06-13 | Nokia Corporation | Method and apparatus for providing user multiplexing in a real-time protocol |
US6707821B1 (en) * | 2000-07-11 | 2004-03-16 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Time-sensitive-packet jitter and latency minimization on a shared data link |
JP3874112B2 (en) * | 2002-05-13 | 2007-01-31 | サクサ株式会社 | Method and apparatus for controlling fluctuation absorbing buffer |
KR100488478B1 (en) * | 2002-10-31 | 2005-05-11 | 서승우 | Multiple Input/Output-Queued Switch |
US7525994B2 (en) | 2003-01-30 | 2009-04-28 | Avaya Inc. | Packet data flow identification for multiplexing |
KR100678223B1 (en) * | 2003-03-13 | 2007-02-01 | 삼성전자주식회사 | Method and apparatus for packet transmitting in a communication system |
KR100468606B1 (en) | 2004-08-16 | 2005-01-29 | (주)인터콘웨어 | Device and method for controlling traffic of timing-sensitive data through network |
-
2005
- 2005-03-31 US US11/095,924 patent/US7489702B2/en active Active
-
2006
- 2006-03-21 WO PCT/US2006/010259 patent/WO2006104772A1/en active Application Filing
- 2006-03-21 KR KR1020077022311A patent/KR101143211B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2006-03-21 EP EP06739162.3A patent/EP1864472B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2006-03-21 CN CN200680009787.1A patent/CN101379792B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-03-21 JP JP2008504149A patent/JP4875060B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6721334B1 (en) * | 1999-02-18 | 2004-04-13 | 3Com Corporation | Method and apparatus for packet aggregation in packet-based network |
EP1404058A2 (en) * | 2002-09-30 | 2004-03-31 | NEC Infrontia Corporation | Reduction of the packet header overhead of real-time data in a wireless LAN by encapsulation of multiple RTP packets into one single packet |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20060221991A1 (en) | 2006-10-05 |
US7489702B2 (en) | 2009-02-10 |
JP2008535386A (en) | 2008-08-28 |
CN101379792A (en) | 2009-03-04 |
JP4875060B2 (en) | 2012-02-15 |
CN101379792B (en) | 2016-04-06 |
EP1864472A1 (en) | 2007-12-12 |
KR20070118239A (en) | 2007-12-14 |
WO2006104772A1 (en) | 2006-10-05 |
KR101143211B1 (en) | 2012-05-18 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US20060250953A1 (en) | Quality of service admission control based on congestion of backhaul connection | |
KR101156243B1 (en) | Fast handover with reduced service interruption for high speed data channels in a wireless system | |
US8054826B2 (en) | Controlling service quality of voice over Internet Protocol on a downlink channel in high-speed wireless data networks | |
JP4559766B2 (en) | Flow control method for HSDPA and HSUPA | |
EP1864472B1 (en) | Method and apparatus for increasing radio frequency efficiency for mixed voice over internet protocol and data traffic | |
CN102791037B (en) | Buffer status reporting | |
CN1123271C (en) | Handover between mobile communication networks | |
EP2153569B1 (en) | Uplink transport format selection | |
KR101228402B1 (en) | Fast handover with reduced service interruption for high speed data channels in a wireless system | |
KR20070065412A (en) | Slow mac-e for autonomous transmission in high speed uplink packet access (hsupa) along with service specific transmission time control | |
KR20070013317A (en) | Transporting data in telecommunication system | |
US20070076644A1 (en) | Method for reducing discarded slots and frames in a wireless communications system | |
EP1513367A2 (en) | Uplink timing in a wireless communications system | |
US20030139145A1 (en) | Data transmitting method and apparatus for guaranteeing quality of service in a data communication system | |
EP1677472B1 (en) | Techniques for efficient control of aggregating wireless voice communications | |
US8320950B2 (en) | Method for increasing synchronous control channel capacity in a wireless system | |
US7796609B2 (en) | Packet processing device with load control mechanism based on packet length and CPU time consumption | |
US20060274689A1 (en) | Method for using dedicated rate control in a common rate control wireless communications system | |
US7551604B2 (en) | Method for reducing service interruptions during a hand off in a wireless system | |
EP1654899B1 (en) | Data flow control for multi-layered protocol stack | |
US20050070316A1 (en) | Controlled timing during soft hand offs in a wireless system | |
GB2401748A (en) | Apparatus and method of memory allocation thereof |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20070911 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR |
|
DAX | Request for extension of the european patent (deleted) | ||
RAP3 | Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred) |
Owner name: LUCENT TECHNOLOGIES INC. |
|
RAP1 | Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred) |
Owner name: ALCATEL-LUCENT USA INC. |
|
111Z | Information provided on other rights and legal means of execution |
Free format text: AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR Effective date: 20130410 |
|
D11X | Information provided on other rights and legal means of execution (deleted) | ||
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20150209 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: EXAMINATION IS IN PROGRESS |
|
GRAJ | Information related to disapproval of communication of intention to grant by the applicant or resumption of examination proceedings by the epo deleted |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSDIGR1 |
|
GRAP | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1 |
|
GRAP | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: GRANT OF PATENT IS INTENDED |
|
INTG | Intention to grant announced |
Effective date: 20171215 |
|
INTG | Intention to grant announced |
Effective date: 20171219 |
|
GRAS | Grant fee paid |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3 |
|
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE PATENT HAS BEEN GRANTED |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: FG4D |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: EP Ref country code: AT Ref legal event code: REF Ref document number: 998540 Country of ref document: AT Kind code of ref document: T Effective date: 20180515 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: IE Ref legal event code: FG4D |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R096 Ref document number: 602006055360 Country of ref document: DE |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: NL Ref legal event code: MP Effective date: 20180509 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: LT Ref legal event code: MG4D |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: BG Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20180809 Ref country code: FI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20180509 Ref country code: LT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20180509 Ref country code: ES Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20180509 Ref country code: SE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20180509 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LV Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20180509 Ref country code: GR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20180810 Ref country code: NL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20180509 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: AT Ref legal event code: MK05 Ref document number: 998540 Country of ref document: AT Kind code of ref document: T Effective date: 20180509 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: EE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20180509 Ref country code: SK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20180509 Ref country code: PL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20180509 Ref country code: RO Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20180509 Ref country code: CZ Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20180509 Ref country code: DK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20180509 Ref country code: AT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20180509 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R097 Ref document number: 602006055360 Country of ref document: DE |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20180509 |
|
PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
26N | No opposition filed |
Effective date: 20190212 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20180509 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: MC Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20180509 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: PL |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LU Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20190321 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: BE Ref legal event code: MM Effective date: 20190331 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20190321 Ref country code: LI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20190331 Ref country code: CH Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20190331 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: BE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20190331 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: TR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20180509 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: PT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20180910 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: CY Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20180509 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IS Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20180909 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: HU Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT; INVALID AB INITIO Effective date: 20060321 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R079 Ref document number: 602006055360 Country of ref document: DE Free format text: PREVIOUS MAIN CLASS: H04L0029060000 Ipc: H04L0065000000 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Payment date: 20220203 Year of fee payment: 17 Ref country code: DE Payment date: 20220203 Year of fee payment: 17 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Payment date: 20220209 Year of fee payment: 17 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R119 Ref document number: 602006055360 Country of ref document: DE |
|
GBPC | Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 20230321 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20230321 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20230321 Ref country code: FR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20230331 Ref country code: DE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20231003 |