EP1858646A1

EP1858646A1 - Impulse centrifuge for cleaning the lubricating oil of an internal combustion engine

Info

Publication number: EP1858646A1
Application number: EP06704663A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Uwe Meinig; Dieter Baumann; Karl Grosse Wiesmann
Original assignee: Ing Walter Hengst GmbH and Co KG
Current assignee: Ing Walter Hengst GmbH and Co KG
Priority date: 2005-01-18
Filing date: 2006-01-11
Publication date: 2007-11-28
Anticipated expiration: 2026-01-11
Also published as: EP1858646B1; DE202005000756U1; DE502006004737D1; ATE441482T1; WO2006077033A1

Abstract

The invention relates to an impulse centrifuge (1) for cleaning the lubricating oil of an internal combustion engine. Said centrifuge comprises a housing (10) having a cover (14), and a rotor (2) having recoil nozzles (34) and a dirt collecting area (4'). A piece of the rotor (2) holding the deposited dirt can be removed from the housing (10) and the rotor (2) is configured from interlinked elements. The inventive centrifuge is characterized in that the rotor (2) is constituted of three main components (21, 22, 23), namely an inner piece (21), a top piece (22) and a bottom piece (23); the top piece (22) and the lower piece (23) are interlinked die-cast or pressure-cast elements that are produced from incinerable plastic or light metal material and configure the piece of the rotor (2) that can be removed from the housing (10); the bottom piece (23) is annular, axially delimits the lower section of the dirt collecting piece (4) and comprises the recoil nozzles (34) and at least one nozzle channel (33) leading towards the recoil nozzles (34); and the removable piece of the rotor (2) configured by the top piece (22) and the bottom piece (23) is axially put on the inner piece (21) in a rotationally fixed manner sufficient to transmit the required torques and can be axially drawn of therefrom.

Description

Description :

Free-jet centrifuge for cleaning the lubricating oil of an internal combustion engine

The present invention relates to a free-jet centrifuge for cleaning the lubricating oil of an internal combustion engine, having a housing which is closed by a removable cover, with a rotatably arranged rotor in the housing and with channels for supplying the pressurized lubricating oil to be cleaned and for the discharge of the purified, depressurized. Lubricating oil, the rotor having one or more recoil nozzles and a dirt collection area, the centrifuge comprises means for dividing the supplied lubricating oil stream into a first and a second lubricating oil partial stream, wherein the rotor comprising a recoil nozzle drive part, which is flowed through by the first lubricating oil partial stream, and a dirt collecting portion comprising the dirt collecting portion, which is flowed through by the second lubricating oil partial stream, wherein a deposited dirt containing part of the rotor for disposal with the lid open can be removed from the housing and wherein the rotor is formed of interconnected parts. Centrifuges of the type specified above are in the older, not previously published utility model applications no. 20 2004 004 215.0 and no. 20 2004 008 785.5 of the Applicant.

For the present invention, the task of improving the free-jet centrifuge in terms of their properties, here in particular with the aim of cost-effective production, easy installation during manufacture and easy maintenance during maintenance.

The solution of the object is achieved according to the invention with a centrifuge of the type mentioned, which is characterized

- That the rotor with drive part and dust collecting part of three main components, namely an inner part, an upper part and a lower part is composed,

- That the upper part and the lower part are interconnected injection or die castings of incinerable plastic or of a combustible light metal and together form the removable from the housing part of the rotor,

- That the lower part is annular, forms an axially lower boundary of the SchmutzfangteiIs and includes the recoil nozzles and at least one nozzle channel for the supply of the first partial flow of lubricating oil to the recoil nozzles and

- That the removable part of the rotor formed by the upper part and the lower part for the transmission of the required torque is sufficiently rotationally axially attached to the inner part and is axially removable from this ^• . With the invention it is achieved that the rotor can have a relatively simple construction, in particular in its interior. The dirt collecting area of the rotor is limited here only by the upper part and the lower part; In the interior of the rotor arranged, removable parts to the radially inner boundary of the dirt collecting area are not needed here. The maintenance of the centrifuge with the removable from the housing of the centrifuge part of the rotor is here .benfalls easy because it axial withdrawal of the unit formed from the upper part and lower part upwards of the inner part of the rotor suffices. The Innteil of the rotor can therefore be designed as a lifetime component and arranged permanently in the housing of the centrifuge. Since the nozzles are arranged on the removable part of the rotor, only relatively small torques must be transmitted from the removable rotor part with the nozzles on the inner part of the rotor, which advantageously allows the use of correspondingly simple torque transmission means. The upper part and the lower part are injection molded or die cast parts made of plastic or light metal very inexpensive mass-produced, which 'contributes to low manufacturing costs. For the connection of the upper part and the lower part, when using a thermoplastic material, these parts are welded together. Alternatively, this connection can be done by gluing or pressing or latching or screwing. A subsequent separability of the upper part and lower part is not required in this rotor. The part of the drive part of the rotor containing the nozzles belongs here to the removable part of the rotor. Therefore, in each maintenance with a replacement of the removable part of the rotor in each case the associated part of the drive part of the rotor renewed with. The nozzles can be made here directly during the casting of the base, which is much cheaper is as a subsequent machining production of nozzles in a drive part. Functional impairments as a result of the use of nozzles made of plastic or light metal can be excluded, because for a service life between two maintenance and a plastic or light metal part with the nozzle ensures sufficient stability. This can advantageously be made easily and with low weight, a substantial part of the drive part of the rotor. The disposal of the removable, dirt-laden portion of the rotor is easily due to the incinerability.

In a further embodiment, it is preferably provided that the inner part is tubular and forms a radially inner boundary of the waste collecting part and a lower portion of the drive part. Due to the tubular design, the inner part is geometrically relatively simple and thus also inexpensive to produce. Here it has two functions, namely to limit the rotor radially inside and also to form a portion of the drive part.

It is further provided that the inner part with the interposition of two axially spaced bearings on a central, rotatably supporting the rotor, housing-fixed axis sits and that the axis is hollow at least over part of its length and a portion of a flow path for the lubricating oil flowing through the centrifuge, Ström forms. In this embodiment, a compact construction is achieved because the axle is used both for supporting the rotor and for supplying the lubricating oil. In addition, the bearings between the inner part and the axis in a removal of the dirt-laden part of the rotor involved in any way, so that an unnecessary removal and installation of bearings or Lagertei- It is not necessary to maintain the centrifuge.

A further development provides that the hollow portion of the axle is connected at a lower end with a Schmierölzuführka- channel and that by one or more first radial openings of the axis of the first lubricating oil partial flow of the drive part and by one or more second radial openings of the axis the second partial flow of lubricating oil can be supplied to the waste collecting part. In this embodiment, the means for dividing the lubricating oil flow in the first and second lubricating oil partial flow on the one hand simply designed and on the other hand integrated into the axle without special space. ^'

In order for the dirt-trapping part of the rotor to flow through the lubricating oil part flow in the dirt trapping section for as long a flow path as possible, which is favorable for effective particle separation, the inner part has near its upper end at least one radial opening which forms an oil inlet into the dirt trapping part.

In order to keep the manufacture of the upper part as an injection molding made of plastic possible simple and at the same time to make the upper part sufficiently stable, it is preferably provided that the upper part is bell-shaped and forms an axially upper boundary and at least part of a radially outer boundary of the waste collecting part.

As mentioned above, which can be removed from the housing, consisting of the upper part and the lower part of the rotor in the axial direction on the inner part can be plugged and deducted from this. In order to ensure a good concentricity of the rotor in the assembled state, it is further provided that the upper part above a central Opening has, in which engages an upper end of the inner part.

To avoid unwanted relative rotation between the mating parts of the rotor with the least possible effort, it is proposed that a. Means for achieving the torsional strength between the removable part of the rotor formed by the upper part and the lower part on the one hand and the inner part on the other hand, a positive and / or frictional engagement between the opening in the upper part and engaging in this upper end of the inner part.

For the purpose of simple and cost-effective production of the lower part is provided that j eder nozzle channel is formed by a molded into the lower part, substantially radially extending Hohlkänal, which in each case opens radially outward into one of the return nozzles. In this embodiment, a one-piece design of the lower part is possible, although the cost of an injection mold here is slightly higher, because radially movable slide must be provided in the injection mold, to demold the nozzle channels.

A production with a simpler injection mold is possible according to a further embodiment in which it is provided that each nozzle channel is formed by a respective groove-shaped, essentially radially extending depression in the lower part, which is provided on the upper side by a separate cover or a common cover a hollow channel is closed, which in each case opens radially outward into one of the return nozzles. For spraying the lower part, a relatively simple form, which can be moved apart in two directions, is sufficient here, since one or more covers can be used later. be installed to complete the nozzle channels.

In a further related alternative is provided that j Eder nozzle channel is formed by a in the lower part, essentially radially extending hollow channel is formed, the radially outer molded into a ¹ also in the lower part, respectively, substantially axially extending nozzle channel section opens, the upper side j each is closed by a respective own or a common cover and the bottom ends in each case in one of the return nozzles. This embodiment offers the specific advantage that the distance required for radially inward demoulding during injection molding can be shortened so that demolding of the base during its manufacture is simplified.

For all embodiments of the centrifuge, which use one of the above ^■ mentioned covers, it is preferably provided that the / J ede cover is an injection molded part made of plastic and sealingly welded or glued or pressed or locked with the rest of the lower part. The covers are inexpensive as an injection molded plastic part in mass production. When using thermoplastic, welding to the rest of the base is the preferred way of joining. Alternatively, a gluing or pressing or locking or screwing is possible.

A solution which is particularly favorable with regard to the cover, because it is integrated, can be achieved in that the cover is placed in the dirt-collecting part by means of a fitting part of a fitting, essentially in a plane. dialen level lying guide and partition wall, which is an injection molded part made of plastic, is formed and that the / j ede formed by a foot cover with the lower part sealingly welded or glued or pressed or locked. This embodiment has the advantage that the cover is not a separate component, but is integrally formed with the guide and partition walls. This simplifies both the manufacture and the assembly of the rotor of the centrifuge.

In order to guide the partial flow of lubricating oil, which is intended for the driving part of the rotor, to the nozzles as short as possible and with little resistance, it is further preferred for the inner part to have at least one, preferably one per nozzle channel in its lower region, with its radially inner end has congruent or opening into an inner peripheral channel radial opening and that in this lower portion of the lower part and the inner part are sealed axially against each other under sealing.

In order to achieve the highest possible drive power for the rotor, the lubricating oil partial flow supplied to the drive part is expediently below the full lubricant oil pressure. In order to avoid an undesired outflow of lubricating oil from this lubricating oil partial flow before exiting through the nozzles, one or more seals in the inner part and / or in the lower part are preferably provided in the transition region of each radial opening in the inner part to the respectively associated nozzle channel in the lower part ,

An alternative or additionally usable design of the rotor to avoid unwanted relative rotation between the assembled parts of the rotor is that a means for achieving the torsional strength between the removable part of the rotor formed by the upper part and the lower part on the one hand and the inner part on the other hand, a frictional engagement between the inner part and the lower part.

In this case, the frictional engagement is preferably a frictional engagement mediated by the seals, so that here the seals advantageously assume two functions.

The arrangement of the seals may be different. A first preferred embodiment provides that the seals extend horizontally in the circumferential direction of the inner part or of the lower part.

Alternatively, it is proposed that the seals are each arranged in a vertical plane to j e one of the radial openings extending around.

Preferably, the above-mentioned seals are formed by O-rings or profile sealing rings, which are arranged in corresponding grooves on the outer circumference of the inner part and / or on the inner circumference of the lower part, expediently captive.

In contrast to the drive part of the structure of a lubricating oil pressure should be avoided in the dirt trap part to run the rotor in this area as thin as possible and easy. For this reason, and to achieve the longest possible flow path of the lubricating oil part flow through the dirt trap part is provided that axially below and radially inside the lower part at least one oil outlet with a cross section which is larger than a occurring in the flow path of the second partial flow of lubricating oil smallest cross section is provided is. As already stated above, the free-jet centrifuge according to the invention preferably has a housing-fixed axis. In this case, usually the axis is fixed with its lower end in the housing or made in one piece with the housing or with a part of the housing. In order to relieve the upper end of the axis, an embodiment provides that the axis carrying the rotor is releasably supported and centered with its upper end in the attached lid.

For damping vibrations of the upper end of the axle and to avoid disturbing noise emissions caused thereby, an elastic insert is preferably arranged between the upper end of the axle and the cover; This insert ensures a decoupling of the upper end of the axle from the lid and at the same time for the desired support and centering of the upper axle end. Oscillations of the axle and the resulting noise emissions and reductions in rotor speed are thus avoided or at least reduced.

Alternatively, the axis carrying the rotor may protrude into the rotor and terminate at its upper end at a distance from the patch lid. Although in this embodiment, the support and centering of the axis carrying the rotor omitted with its upper end in the attached lid, but this does not affect negatively in accordance with stable design of the axis. In addition, the upper axle end and the lid can be made simpler here.

For effective entrainment of the lubricating oil in the interior of the rotor in the direction of rotation and for stiffening of the rotor is provided that the dirt trap part in its interior a plurality of radially or predominantly radially extending, in Circumferentially circumferentially spaced guide and stiffening walls, which are integral with or connected to the inner part or the upper part.

For optimal operation of the centrifuge, it is advantageous if a targeted influence on the quantitative distribution of the supplied lubricating oil stream in the two partial lubricating oil streams is possible. Preferably, it is provided for this purpose that means for the quantitative distribution of the supplied lubricating oil flow in the first and second lubricating oil partial stream are formed by two throttle bodies, wherein for the first lubricating oil partial flow nozzles are the authoritative throttle point and wherein for the second lubricating oil partial flow in the flow path between the inner circumference of the Inner part and the outer circumference of the axis lying constriction and / or a flow gap at the minimum pressure valve and / or the second (s) radial (s) aperture (s) in the axis and / or a bearing gap of the lower and / or upper bearing and / or the oil inlet installed in the inner part is / are the throttle point. In this embodiment, very simple or already existing elements of the rotor are advantageously used for the quantitative distribution of the lubricating oil partial flow. The desired quantity distribution can be achieved by a suitable choice of the flow cross sections of the nozzles on the one hand and the constriction or the flow gap at the minimum pressure valve or the second radial openings in the axis or the bearing gap of one or both bearings or the oil inlet mounted in the inner part. The specified constriction and the bearing gaps have the particular advantage of self-cleaning, because they lie between the fixed axis and the rotating inner part. An undesirable change in the flow cross-section during the operating time of the centrifuge is therefore not to be feared here. Preferably, it is further provided that the drive part supplied lubricating oil partial flow is quantitatively greater than the dirt-collecting part supplied lubricating oil partial stream. On the one hand, this division leads to a high drive power of the rotor and, on the other hand, to a relatively small flow velocity of the lubricating oil part stream flowing through the dirt trap part, which is favorable for effective particle separation from this lubricating oil part flow.

In order to keep the interaction of the centrifuge with other parts of an associated device, in particular an internal combustion engine, as simple as possible, it is further preferred that the supply of the lubricating oil to the centrifuge for both the drive part and for the dirt catching part takes place axially from below through the axis , It is sufficient here so a single connection for the supply of lubricating oil to the centrifuge, because the division into the two lubricating oil partial flows takes place within the centrifuge. Another channel and connection is provided for the discharge of the non-pressurized lubricating oil after exiting the rotor.

In order to avoid that the drive of the rotor is adversely affected by the out of the dust collecting part leaking lubricating oil, the invention also proposes that radially outwardly from the outlet at the bottom of the rotor and / or at the top of a centrifugal housing under the rotor housing a Umlenkrippenanordnung and / or a shielding disc is provided which forces the coming out of the outlet unpressurized lubricating oil partial flow to a steered, separate from the rotor and from each jerk ejector nozzle lubricating oil jet course. This is in particular a braking the rotor transmitter contact of the lubricating oil with the bottom and the outer circumference of the rotor avoided.

To ensure that in operation of the free-jet centrifuge the inner part on the one hand and the removable rotor part formed from the upper part and the lower part on the other hand maintain their desired position relative to each other in the axial direction, the invention proposes vo.r that by means of a aufgerasteten on the upper axle or on the inner part or clamped or screwed or provided on the cover or supported fuse that is detachable or removable, which is removable from the housing removable part of the rotor on the inner part against axial withdrawal. For the purpose of servicing the centrifuge, ie removing the removable part of the rotor, the fuse is released or removed, which can be done automatically with the removal of the lid or manually or with the aid of a suitable tool.

In order for the rotor to be able to rotate on its bearings with as little friction as possible, the rotor should expediently have a certain small axial play of movement. In this context, it is further provided that the axis or the lid or the fuse pointing axially downwards and the rotor axially upwardly j e have a contact surface, which in cooperation with each other limit the axial mobility of the rotor relative to the axis during operation of the centrifuge.

In particular, for the purpose of easy disposal of spent, loaded with dirt particles rotor parts is provided that the removable from the housing part of the rotor is metal-free and that the removable part of the rotor forming plastic sorted, preferably one Recycled plastic, is combustible and pollutant or low pollutant.

As already explained above, the inner part of the rotor remains in the maintenance of the centrifuge in the housing and can therefore be designed as a service life component. For this reason, the inner part is preferably a die-cast part made of light metal. Alternatively, the inner part may also be an injection-molded part made of plastic, in particular when using a high-quality and permanently resilient plastic.

In order to ensure priority of the lubricating oil supply of lubrication points of an associated internal combustion engine before centrifuging the lubricating oil in a simple manner, it is further provided that a minimum pressure valve is arranged in one of the centrifuge lubricating oil supplying channel or in the hollow portion of the axis an oil supply to the centrifuge only after exceeding a predetermined inlet side oil pressure releases. At a low lubricating oil pressure, the centrifuge is not yet flowed through by the lubricating oil, so that the entire then available lubricating oil flow is used for the supply of the associated lubrication points. Only at a higher lubricating oil pressure and the centrifuge is flowed through, in which case the lubricating oil flow flowing through the centrifuge, is so small that a Sσhmierδlmangel at the lubrication points is safely excluded.

Finally, in order to make possible the simple and problem-free retrofitting and modernization of free-jet centrifuges already in use, the invention proposes that the rotor be provided with respect to its parts interacting with the housing and the axis. ne shaping and dimensioning, which allow installation of the rotor in existing, previously equipped with a conventional rotor centrifuges. If required and the corresponding technical possibility, an additional replacement of the axle can be carried out.

In the following embodiments of the invention will be explained with reference to a drawing. The figures of the drawing show:

1 shows a free-jet centrifuge in longitudinal section in a first embodiment,

2 shows the free-jet centrifuge in longitudinal section in a second embodiment,

3 shows the free-jet centrifuge in longitudinal section in a third embodiment,

4 shows the free-jet centrifuge in longitudinal section in a fourth embodiment,

FIG. 5 shows a lower part of a rotor of the open-space centrifuge according to FIG. 4, in plan view,

FIG. 6 shows the free-jet centrifuge in longitudinal section in a fifth embodiment,

FIG. 7 shows the free-jet centrifuge in longitudinal section in a sixth embodiment,

8 shows an upper part of the rotor of the centrifuge according to FIG. 7, in a bottom view, FIG. 9 shows an inner part of the rotor of the centrifuge according to FIG. 7, in longitudinal section,

FIG. 10 shows the inner part in a longitudinal section in a modified embodiment,

11 shows an upper end region of the inner part in a first side view,

FIG. 12 shows the upper end region of the inner part of FIG. 11 in a second, 90 ° twisted side view;

FIG. 13 shows the free-jet centrifuge in longitudinal section in a seventh embodiment,

14 is a bottom part of the rotor in longitudinal section, in a comparison with Figure 1 modified version,

FIG. 15 shows the inner part in a side view in a modified embodiment,

16 shows the free-jet centrifuge in longitudinal section in an eighth embodiment and

17 shows the free-jet centrifuge in longitudinal section in a ninth embodiment.

Figure 1 shows a first centrifuge 1 in longitudinal section, which serves to clean the lubricating oil of an internal combustion engine. The centrifuge 1 has a housing 10 which is only partially shown here and which is closed on the top side by a screw cap 14. For this purpose, the housing 10 has an internal thread 11 and the cover 14 has an external thread 16, which are in screw engagement with each other. In the lower part of the centrifuge 1, a housing part 10 'is arranged in the housing 10, which is inserted here as an insert from above into the housing 10.

In the centrifuge 1 is a rotor 2, which is rotatably mounted on an axis 5 by means of a lower slide bearing 51 and an upper roller bearing 52 about a vertical axis of rotation 20. The axle 5 is here screwed with its lower end 50 'in a central axle receptacle 12 at the top of the housing part 10'.

The rotor 2 of the centrifuge is functionally divided into a drive part 3 and a dirt trap part 4. The drive part and the dirt trap part 4 are traversed by a separate partial flow of lubricating oil in a manner which will be explained in more detail below.

With regard to its components, the rotor 2 is here in three parts and consists of an inner part 21, an upper part 22 and a lower part 23.

The inner part 21 is tubular in its basic form and sits with the interposition of the two bearings 51 and 52 and forming an annular gap 30 'on the outer circumference of the axis 5. The upper, designed as a rolling bearing 52 is by means of two not numbered here snap rings both against the axis 5, here the upper axle end 50, and set against the inner part 21. The inner part 21 is thus secured against axial displacement relative to the axis 5 and forms, as well as the axis 5, a housing-fixed component. The inner part 21 is preferably a die-cast part made of light metal, in particular aluminum, or an injection molded part made of plastic. The upper part 22 and the lower part 23 are injection-molded parts made of plastic, which are welded together along a radially outwardly in the circumferential direction - extending weld seam 40 'at their mutually facing circumferential end edges. Thus, the upper part 22 and the lower part 23 form a structural unit. This unit of upper part 22 and lower part 23 can be withdrawn with open screw 14 and dissolved fuse 38 in the axial direction upward from the inner part 21 of the rotor.

The unit of upper part 22 and lower part 23 contains the dirt trap area 4 ', in which dirt particles are deposited during operation of the centrifuge. A so deposited after a certain period of use dirt particle cake is removed when removing the unit from upper part 22 and lower part 23 completely and without the risk of Abbröckeins of dirt particles cake parts in the removal from the housing 10 with. This removed rotor part of upper part 22 and lower part 23 can then be easily disposed of together with the dirt particle cake. After insertion and insertion of a new unit from upper part 22 and lower part 23, attaching the fuse 38 and screwing the screw 14, the centrifuge 1 is ready for use again.

The axis 5 is formed over a lower part of its length with a central channel 53. The supply of the entire lubricating oil to the centrifuge 1 takes place here axially from below through an oil inlet 18, which lies at the lower end of a lower portion 53.1 of the central channel 53.

From the central channel 53, the entire lubricating oil flow is guided at the upper end by two radial openings 54 in the axis 5 radially outward. From there a first partial flow of lubricating oil flows through the annular gap 30 'a short distance downwards and then enters radially outward into two opposite radial apertures 24, which are provided in the lower region of the inner part 21. The radial openings 24 merge into congruent nozzle channels 33, which are integrally formed here in the lower part 23. In each case, radially outward, each nozzle channel 33 opens into a nozzle 34, through which a lubricating oil jet emerges which, according to the recoil principle, causes the rotor 2 to rotate.

A second partial lubricant oil flow flows through the annular gap 30 'upwards. At its upper end are in the inner part 21 of the rotor 2 a plurality of openings which form an inlet 44 for the second partial flow of lubricating oil into the interior of the waste collecting part 4. Through the inlet 44, the second partial flow of lubricant oil enters the upper region of the waste collecting part 4 radially inward.

By the rotation of the rotor 2 during operation of the centrifuge 1, the lubricating oil is moved to the radially outer part of the waste collecting part 4 and then flows in the axial direction downwards. In this case, due to the centrifugal force occurring dirt particles from the lubricating oil on the inner circumference of the peripheral wall 40 of the upper part 21, i. in the dirt trap area 4 ', from. At the top, the dirt trap part 4 is closed by an upper wall 41, which is made in one piece with the peripheral wall 40.

In the center of the upper wall 41 of the upper part 22 is an opening 26 into which the upper end of the inner part 21 engages. On the upper end of the inner part 21, the fuse 38 is placed in the form of a snap ring so that the upper part 22 can not be moved or only minimally upwards.

The lubricating oil in the interior of the waste collecting part 4 passes radially inwardly in the axially lower part of the waste collecting part 4 and from there out of the interior of the rotor 2 through an oil outlet 47, which is not visible here and which is offset in the circumferential direction relative to the nozzle channels 33. Both the first lubricating oil partial stream exiting from the nozzles 34 and the second lubricating oil partial stream exiting through the outlet 47 enter an unpressurised region 13 in the interior of the housing 10 and from there via a channel not visible here, for example into the oil sump of an associated internal combustion engine ,

As explained above, the upper part 22 and the lower part 23 of the rotor 2 can be pulled off axially upward from the inner part 21. So that in the region of the transition from the radial perforations 24 into the nozzle channels 33 no undesired lubricating oil outlet occurs, in this transition region between the inner part 21 and the lower part 23, two sealing rings 27 circulating in horizontal planes in the circumferential direction are provided, one of which above and one extends below the transition from the radial openings 24 to the nozzle channels 33.

In the example according to FIG. 1, two parallel grooves are provided for this purpose in the lower part 23 in its outer circumference, in which j e a sealing ring 27 is inserted.

The axis 5 is, as mentioned, with its lower end 50 'screwed into the central axle receptacle 12 of the housing part 10'. The upper end 50 of the axis 5 protrudes here above the rotor 2 and the upper wall 41 upwards and extends into the interior of a recess 14 'in the underside of the lid 14. Outwardly, this recess 14 'by a tool attachment 15, z. B. in the form of a hexagon, limited.

Inside the recess 14 'is an insert 9 made of an elastic material, for example an elastomer or rubber body. Radially inside is located in the annular insert 9, a preferably metallic sleeve 90, in which engages the upper end 50 of the shaft 5. The insert 9 centered with the sleeve 90 and supports the upper end 50 of the shaft 5 and ensures that any vibrations occurring in the upper end of the axle 50 are damped in the event of imbalance of the rotor 2 and decoupled from the cover 14.

In the embodiment shown in Figure 2, the lower part 23 of the rotor 2 is designed differently than in the example of Figure 1. The lower part 23 is here made in two parts, the second part is a cover 25 kung. The nozzle channels 33 in the lower part 23 are formed here as first upwardly open recesses, which are then closed on the upper side with the cover 25 and thus designed to the hollow channels. The cover 25 has the basic shape of an annular disc and is placed from above on the rest of the lower part 23 and fixedly connected to this, preferably welded.

Again, the transition from the radial openings 24 in the inner part 21 to the nozzle channels 33 in the lower part 23 via two sealing rings 27 is sealed. In the example according to FIG. 2, the sealing rings 27 are arranged in two circumferential grooves in the circumferential direction of the inner part 21 above and below the radial openings 24. The axis 5 is designed here over approximately its entire axial length with a central hollow channel 53. In this hollow channel 53, a minimum pressure valve 7 is arranged, which serves to allow a Schmierόldurchfluß through the centrifuge 1 until after exceeding a predetermined minimum oil pressure at the oil inlet 18.

The minimum pressure valve 7 comprises a valve body 70 with an axially upward, with the valve body 70 integral valve stem 72, which serves to guide in the hollow channel 53. In the hollow channel 53 as a pressed-in from below ring formed valve seat 75 is arranged. By a coil spring 76, the valve body 70 in the closing direction, according to Figure 2 down towards the valve seat 75, biased.

As soon as the lubricating oil pressure at the oil inlet 18 exceeds the predefinable minimum oil pressure, the minimum pressure valve 7 is opened by displacing the valve body 70 upward against the force of the spring 16. In order to allow the valve body 70 to move freely upwards, an upper part 53.2 of the hollow channel 53 is connected via two second radial openings 54 'to the inlets 44 in the unpressurized or only under a lower pressure dirt collecting part 4.

The lubricating oil flow flows at open minimum pressure valve 7 to the valve body 70 passing through the then released radial openings 54 in the axis 5 to the outside. Immediately behind the radial perforations 54, the lubricating oil flow branches off into two lubricant oil streams.

A first lubricating oil partial flow first flows through the annular gap 30 'between the axis 5 and the inner part 21 a short distance down. Thereafter, the lubricating oil passes into two radial channels 24, which pass through the lower end portion of the inner part 21. In this way, the first partial flow of lubricating oil flows into the two nozzle channels 33 which are congruent with the channels 24 and open in the radial direction in each case into a return nozzle 34.

The second partial lubricant oil flow flows through the annular gap 30 'upwards. By means of at least one radial opening forming an oil inlet 44 in the upper end region of the inner part 21, the second partial flow of lubricating oil flows radially outwards into the upper region of the waste collecting part 4. On its flow path through the annular gap 30 ', the second partial flow of lubricating oil must pass through a constriction 37, which forms a throttle point for limiting and determining the amount of oil flowing through the dirt trapping part 4. 'Since the constriction 37 on the one hand from the outer circumference of the fixed shaft 5 and the other part of inner circumference of ^the' is limited rotating inner part 21, a self-cleaning effect occurs in the constriction 37, which ensures a uniform permeability of the constriction 37 during operation.

In its remaining parts, the centrifuge 1 according to FIG. 2 coincides with the centrifuge 1 according to FIG. 1, and reference is made to the description of FIG. 1 for the further reference numbers in FIG.

The example of Figure 3 ^• shows a further modified embodiment of the centrifuge 1, where here too a change in the area of the lower part 23 of the rotor is present. 2 Even with the lower part 23 according to FIG. 3, the nozzle channels 33 are initially designed as recesses open towards the top. These depressions are then through again a cover 25 closed at the top to form the nozzle channels 33.

Furthermore, in the example according to FIG. 3, the cover 25 is designed such that it bears directly against the upper seal 27 of the inner part 21 of the rotor 2 in its radially inner part. The cover 25 and the remaining lower part 23 are preferably firmly connected to each other in the example according to FIG. B. welded.

The axis 5 is designed here with a over approximately their entire length reaching hollow channel 53. The second partial flow of lubricating oil for the waste collecting part 4 flows here from the oil inlet 18 through the hollow channel 53 with its lower portion 53.1 and its upper portion 53.2 upwards, then radially outwardly through two openings 54 'and finally through the inlet 44 in the waste collecting part.

A minimum pressure valve is not provided in the centrifuge 1 of Figure 3.

In the remaining details, the centrifuge 1 according to FIG. 3 corresponds to the centrifuges according to FIG. 1 and / or according to FIG. 2, and reference is made to the description of the preceding figures for the further reference numbers in FIG.

4 shows a fourth embodiment of the lower part 23 of the rotor 2. In this lower part 23, the nozzle channels 33 are slightly shorter radially outward and go there in two axially extending channel sections 33 'on. In each case at the lowest point of the axial portions 33 'are each a nozzle 34 for driving the rotor 2. In the manufacture of the lower part 23 as an injection molded part are Nozzle channels 33 radially inwardly and the axial channel sections 33 'axially upwardly demolded. Each axial channel section 33 'is then subsequently sealed oil-tight, each with a cover 25.

The transition from the lower region of the inner part 21 with the radial perforations 24 into the nozzle channels 33 in the lower part 23 is configured here in the same way as in the example according to FIG. 1.

For the further reference numbers in FIG. 4, reference is made to the preceding description of the figures.

Figure 5 shows in plan view as a single part of the lower part 23 of the rotor 2 of the centrifuge 1 of Figure 4. In the center of the lower part 23 is a circular opening which serves to receive the axis 5, which is not shown here. Radially outward follows the inner part 21, which is cut here. Further radially outward by 180 ° to each other offset the two hidden here nozzle channels 33 with the also each time hidden axial channel portion 33 '. As the top view in FIG. 5 illustrates, here the nozzle channels 33 do not run exactly in the radial direction, but rather with a parallel offset relative to one another. This parallel offset facilitates the removal of the nozzle channels 33 during the production of the lower part 23 as an injection-molded part, because it is now possible to move corresponding slides of the injection mold past one another in the radial direction. This allows a larger path of movement of the mold slide.

On the upper side, the axial channel sections 33 'are in each case tightly closed by the cover 25. The covers 25 are here circular discs, which also made Made of plastic and preferably welded or glued to the rest of the lower part 23.

FIG. 6 shows a further embodiment of the centrifuge 1, which largely coincides with the centrifuge 1 according to FIG. Also in the centrifuge 1 according to Figure 6, the lower part 23 of the rotor 2 is designed with radial nozzle channels 33, which in contrast to the example of Figure 2 now obliquely upwards and outwards and not obliquely downward and outward, as in Figure 2. Also In the example in FIG. 6, axially extending channel sections 33 'adjoin the radially outer ends of the nozzle channels 33, which in each case open into a nozzle 34 at the bottom. On the upper side, each axial channel section 33 'is closed by a cover 25. The covers 25 are here designed as round plugs which are pressed or latched into an upper end boundary of the axial channel sections 33 'formed with an undercut. In this way, the covers 25 are tightly connected to the rest of the lower part 23.

Another difference to the other embodiments is in the example of Figure 6 is that the weld 40 'is provided above. The upper part 23 here has a relatively large height and comprises most of the outer peripheral wall 40. The upper part 22 is here, however, designed with a relatively small height and includes only a small, upper part of the outer peripheral wall 40 and the upper wall 41st Despite the other position of the weld, the upper part 22 and the lower part 23 can also be made here without problems as injection molded plastic parts. In the axis 5 here a minimum pressure valve 7 is arranged, the construction and function of which correspond to the minimum pressure valve 7 described in Figure 2.

For the further reference numerals in Figure 6, reference is made to the description of the previous figures.

Figure 7 shows a further embodiment of the centrifuge 1, in which again, similar to Figure 4, the nozzle channels 33 extend from radially inward to radially outward and obliquely downward. In each case, radially outward, each nozzle channel 33 returns to an axial channel section 33 '. The nozzle channels 33 are removed from the mold in the production of the lower part 23 radially inwardly, while the axial channel sections 33 'are also removed again axially upwards.

For closing the axially upper end of the axial - channel sections 33 'are here covers 25, which are integrally formed with guide and partition walls 48. The guide and partitions 48 extend in radial planes of the rotor 2 and are connected to the upper part 22, for example. The guide and partition walls 48, which extend over the axial channel sections 33 ', are designed on the underside with a widened foot part, wherein in each case this foot part forms the cover 25. For the tight connection j derer cover 25 with the upper front end of the axial channel sections 33 'is carried out here advantageously a weld, which can advantageously be done simultaneously with the welding of the upper part 22 to the lower part 23 in one step.

In its other parts corresponds to the centrifuge 1 according to Figure 7 previously described centrifuges and it will be for the further reference numerals in Figure 7 to the preceding description of the figures referenced.

Figure 8 shows the upper part of the rotor 2 of the centrifuge 1- of Figure 7 in a bottom view. The viewer's gaze falls into the interior of the upper part 22. Radial outside is the Ümfangswand 40, which limits the dirt collecting area 4 'in the dust collecting space 4 radially outward. In radial planes are regularly spaced from each other in the circumferential direction here a total of eight guide and partition walls 48 which extend over the full radius of the upper part 22, and between each several shorter guide and partition walls 48, which only over a shorter distance from radially outside run radially inward. The reaching over the entire radius walls 48 have 'radially inwardly thickened edge profiles 48' which are ^' suitable to engage in corresponding counter-profiles of the inner part 21, whereby thereby the axial sliding and removal of the unit from upper part 22 and lower part 23 relative to the inner part 21 is not obstructed. The edge profiles 48 'and the associated counter-profiles on the inner part 21 ensure that the guide and partition walls 48 also absorb radial forces during the rotation of the rotor 2 and can dissipate them to the inner part 21. In addition, they take the lubricating oil in the dirt trap part 4 effectively in the direction of rotation.

Two guide and partition walls 48 offset from one another by 180 ° are, as already mentioned above in FIG. 7, each with a widened foot part, wherein each foot part forms a cover 25. These covers 25 serve for oil-tight closure of the upper end of the axial channel sections 33 'according to FIG. 7. On the inside, according to FIG. 8, centrally in the upper part 22, there is the aperture 26, which in the assembled state of the rotor 2 is in engagement with the upper end of the inner part 21, as can be seen from the upper part of FIG.

Figures 9 and 10 show two embodiments of the inner part 21 as a single part in longitudinal section. In the upper part of the inner part 21 are in each case the openings for the oil inlet 44. At the top is in each case in the outer periphery of a groove 28 visible, which serves to receive the annular fuse 38.

In the lower region of the inner part 21 are in each case the two radial openings 24, which serve for the transfer of the first partial flow of lubricating oil into the drive part 3. Above and below the radial openings 24 extend the two circumferential grooves 27 'for receiving the sealing rings 27th

The inner part 21 according to FIG. 10 to the inner part 21 according to FIG. 9 differs in that in the example according to FIG. 10 the radial openings 24 are shorter and open into a circumferential channel 24 'running radially outwards. Axially above and below this peripheral channel 24 'are again the two grooves 27' for receiving the two sealing rings 27th

In the inner part 21 according to FIG. 9, the unit from the upper part 22 and the lower part 23 must be placed in a suitable position on the inner part 21, so that the radial perforations 24 in the inner part 21 coincide with the nozzle channels 33 in the lower part 23. This required coverage can be ensured by suitable positioning means inevitably be, with the positioning means are expediently provided on the one hand on the outer circumference of the inner part 21 and on the other hand on the inner circumference of the upper part 21 and / or the lower part 23.

In the inner part 21 according to FIG. 10, the radial apertures 24 in the inner part 21 and the nozzle channels 33 in the lower part 23 may have an offset with respect to one another in the circumferential direction, without this leading to malfunctions, because here the oil flow is part of its way through the peripheral channel 24 '. can go back. However, it must also be ensured in the inner part 21 that no relative rotation between the upper part 22 and lower part 23 on the one hand and inner part 21 on the other hand occurs during operation of the rotor 2. For this purpose, a frictional engagement may already be sufficient, which is produced on the inner part 21 when the unit from upper part 22 and lower part 23 is pushed together axially. In this case, the frictional engagement can be particularly and advantageously mediated by the sealing rings 27.

Figures 11 and 12 show an example of an inner part 21 which is designed in its upper end region with a positioning means 28 '. FIG. 11 shows the upper end region of the inner part 21 in a first side view, and FIG. 12 shows the upper end region of the inner part in a second side view rotated by 90 ° with respect to FIG.

At the top is in each case the groove 28 for receiving the locking ring 38 after attaching the unit of upper part 22 and lower part 23 on the inner part 21. The positioning means 28 'serves, inevitably for a correct positioning in the circumferential direction of the unit from the upper part 22 and lower part 23rd to provide relative to the inner part 21. For this purpose, the centering means 28 'is formed here with a total of four inlet slopes, which, seen axially from top to bottom, run obliquely downwards and open into two, by 180 ° in the circumferential direction, hinterschnit- tene grooves 48'', which extend axially downwards. In these axial grooves 48 '' engages the edge profile 48 'of two mutually offset by 180 ° opposite guide and partition walls 48, which are part of the upper part 22 (see Figure 8). The design of the positioning means 28 'allows only two engagement positions of the unit from the upper part 22 and lower part 23 relative to the inner part 21, whereby the congruent merging of the radial openings 24 and the nozzle channels 33 and a nozzle required in the previously described, corresponding embodiments of the centrifuge 1 rotationally secure connection is ensured.

FIG. 13 shows a further embodiment of the centrifuge 1, again in longitudinal section. The centrifuge 1 here also has a housing 10, which is closed on the upper side with a cover 14. The housing 10 here again has the internal thread 11 and the cover 14 the external thread 16. In the lower part of Figure 13 is also a part of the housing part 10 'can be seen, which is used as an insert from above into the rest of the housing 10.

Inside the housing 10, the rotor 2 of the centrifuge 1 is again arranged. Again, the rotor 2 is divided functionally into two areas, namely the upper, larger dirt trap part 4 and the smaller, lower drive part 3. With regard to its parts, the rotor 2 here again, as in the previous examples, of three parts, namely the inner part 21, the upper part 22 and the lower part 23. The upper part 22 and the Un- Part 23 consist of a plastic and are again along the peripheral seam 40 'welded together. Made are the two parts 22 and 23 as injection molded parts.

The unit of upper part 22 and lower part 23 is also connected here by axial plugging from above with the inner part 21 and here in addition to the lower bearing 51. In this position, the unit of upper part 22 and lower part 23 is secured relative to the inner part 21 by means of the fuse 38 designed as a snap ring. After unscrewing the lid 14 and removing the fuse 38, the unit consisting of upper part 22 and lower part 23 including a dirt particle cake deposited therein for the purpose of maintenance of the centrifuge 1 can be removed and replaced by a new unit.

The inner part 21 is here tubular and sits with its lower end portion on a correspondingly shaped, upwardly facing approach of the lower bearing 51. At its upper end sits the - inner part 21 with its inner circumference on the outer circumference of the upper bearing 52. Both bearings 51st and 52 are designed here as plain bearings, which are rotatably arranged on the axis 5. The axis 5 is in turn with its lower end 50 'in the central axle 12 in the housing part 10' screwed.

The upper end 50 of the axis 5 is formed here as a separate item that is connected from above by pressing or screwing with the remaining axis ^' 5.

The axle 5 is carried out over its entire axial ^'length with a central hollow channel 53rd In a lower section 53.1 of this hollow channel 53, a minimum pressure valve 7, which serves to allow a lubricating oil flow through the centrifuge 1 only after exceeding a predetermined minimum oil pressure. The minimum pressure valve 7 comprises a valve body 70 ^'in the axial direction a following-up, integral with the valve body 70 valve stem 72 serving the hollow channel 53 for guiding the lower portion 53.1. In the housing part 10 ', a valve seat 75 is formed, in the center of the oil inlet 18 for supplying the lubricating oil to the centrifuge 1 is located. By a coil spring 76, the valve body 70 in the closing direction, according to Figure 13 down towards the valve seat 75, biased.

Once the lubricating oil pressure at the oil inlet 18 exceeds the predetermined minimum oil pressure, the minimum pressure valve 7 is opened by moving the valve body 70 upward against the force of the spring 76. The lubricating oil flow then flows past the valve body 70 through the lower portion 53.1 of the hollow channel 53 upwards. Immediately behind the upper end of the spring 76, the Schmierόlstrom branches into two lubricating oil partial flows.

The first lubricating oil partial stream initially flows through at least one radially outwardly leading channel 54, which passes through the axis 5. Thereafter, the lubricating oil passes into a circumferential annular gap 24 'on the outer circumference of the bearing 51 and then into two radial channels 24, which pass through the lower bearing 51. In this way, the first Schmierδlteilstrom flows into the two nozzle channels 33, which in each case open radially outward into a recoil nozzle 34.

The second partial flow of lubricating oil flows further upwards through the hollow channel 53 and then flows radially through an opening 54 'in the axis 5 into the annular gap 30' between the axis 5 and the inner part 21. at least one radial opening forming an inlet 44 in the upper end region of the inner part 21, the second partial flow of lubricating oil flows into the upper region of the dirt-collecting part 4.

This second partial flow of lubricating oil flows through the dirt-collecting part 4 axially from top to bottom, whereby dirt particles from the lubricating oil are deposited by rotation of the rotor 2 at high speed in the dirt collecting area 4 'situated radially outside in the dirt-collecting part 4 of the rotor 2 as dirt particle cake. The centrifuged lubricating oil finally exits the rotor 2 through the radially inward and downward outlet 47.

Since the cross-section of the outlet 47 in relation to the cross-section of the inlet 44 is very large, no high oil pressure can build up inside the dirt trap part 4 of the rotor, whereby the waste trap part 4, in particular the upper part 22 and the lower part 23, also of relatively lightweight materials , like plastic, can be made.

The torque transmission from the lower part 23 with the nozzles 34 on the inner part 21 takes place here by means of frictional and / or positive engagement between the lower part 23 and the lower bearing 51 and by friction and / or positive engagement between the lower bearing 51 and the inner part 21st

In order not to hinder the rotation of the rotor 2 by the lubricating oil partial stream emerging from the outlet 47, suitable means for guiding the flow can be provided on the upper side of the housing part 10 '. In the right half of Figure 13 these means are formed by a Umlenkrippenanordnung 17 that the outlet from the _47th slowing down and even out. Alternatively, according to the left half of FIG. 13, for the same purpose, a shielding disk 17 'may be provided parallel to the upper side of the housing part 10' and spaced therefrom. The gap between the underside of the shield 17 'and the top of the housing part 10' then forms a flow path for the unpressurized coming from the outlet 47 lubricating oil, while the exiting at high speed from the nozzle 34 lubricating oil from the other Schmierölström separated on top of the Shield 17 'is derived. Both oil streams combine in the pressure-free region 13 of the housing 10 and flow from there due to the force of gravity, for example, to the oil sump of the associated internal combustion engine.

As already mentioned above, also in this rotor 2, the unit of upper part 22 and lower part 23 can be pulled off in the axial direction. In order that also in this rotor 2 no shares of the first partial flow of lubricating oil for the drive of the rotor 2 in the connecting portion of the inner part 21 and bearing 51 on the one hand and outer and lower part 22, 23 on the other hand is lost, are also two parallel to each other in the circumferential direction of the bearing 51st above and below the radial channels 24 extending sealing rings 27 are provided. The sealing rings 27 are in the example of Figure 13 in two circumferential grooves, which are mounted on the outer circumference of the sliding bearing 51.

The inner part 21 and the two bearings 51 and 52 remain as life components on the axis fixed to the housing 5. Only the unit of upper part 22 and lower part 23 including the nozzle channels 33 and nozzles 34 is replaced during maintenance of the centrifuge 1. The axis 5 protrudes here with its upper end 50 from the top of the rotor 2 and 'extends into a recess 14' in the center of the underside of the lid 14. In this example sits the upper end 50 of the axis 5 directly in the with a recess corresponding to the upper axle end 50, a recess 14 '. As a result, the upper axle end 50 is held centering in the cover 14. Radially outward around the recess 14 'around here also a tool attachment 15 in the form of a hexagon to accomplish with the help of a suitable tool loosening and tightening' of the lid 14.

Figure 14 shows a lower part 23 as a single part in longitudinal section, which is made in one piece as an injection molded part made of plastic. On the left and right, in each case, a nozzle channel 33 is visible, which in each case opens radially outward into one of the nozzles 34. Radially inside, the lower part 23 has a recess, by means of which the lower part 23 with the inner part 21, which is not shown here, sealing and can be plugged together under frictional and / or positive locking.

Furthermore, Figure 14 illustrates that a demolding of the lower part 23 in its manufacture as an injection molded part is possible, because mold slide for the nozzle channels 33 have sufficient freedom of movement radially inward. Axially upward, the lower part is bounded by a peripheral edge, which is used to connect the lower part 23 with the upper part 22, preferably by means of welding.

The nozzles 34 can be produced by a respective small, perpendicular to the plane of the figure 14 movable mold slide in the injection molding process, without a subsequent machining must be done. FIG. 15 shows a further embodiment of the inner part 21 as an individual part in side view. In the upper part of the inner part 21 are the openings for the oil inlet 44. At the top is in the outer periphery of a groove 28 visible, which serves to receive the annular fuse 38.

In the lower region of the inner part 21 is one of two radial openings - 24, which serve for the transfer of the first partial flow of lubricating oil in the drive part 3, visible. The second radial opening 24 is not visible here on the back.

Around each radial opening 24 runs in a vertical plane in the outer surface of the inner part 21 j e an annular, preferably undercut, groove 27 'for receiving j e of a sealing ring, not shown here. These sealing rings, like the above-described horizontal sealing rings 27, seal off the transition of the first partial flow of lubricating oil from the inner part 21 into the lower part 23 and provide a frictional engagement between the inner part 21 and the lower part 23.

FIG. 16 shows an eighth exemplary embodiment of the free-jet centrifuge 1. It is characteristic of this example that the axis 5 carrying the rotor 2 ends with its upper axle end 50 at a distance from the attached cover 14. The lower axle end 50 'is also screwed into the central axle receptacle 12 in the housing part 10' here.

The rotor 2 is also rotatably seated on the axis 5, for which purpose below a slide bearing 51 and the top of a rolling bearing 52 is provided. In this embodiment of the centrifuge 1 is dispensed centering support of the upper axle end 50 in the attached cover 14. When appropriate stabile.r execution of the axis 5 and / or good balancing of the rotor 2, this j however, no technical disadvantage. In addition, so the upper axle end 50 and the central recess 14 'on the inside of the lid 14 can be made simpler. On an insert 9 or a sleeve 90, as explained for example in Figure 1, can here. completely dispensed with.

The rotor 2 of the free-jet centrifuge 1 according to FIG. 16 corresponds completely to the rotor 2 according to FIG. 1, and because of the individual parts of the rotor 2 in FIG. 16 reference is made to the description of FIG.

Apart from its upper axle end 50, the axle 5 corresponds to the example according to FIG. 2, and it therefore becomes, with regard to the further details of the axle 5 in the embodiment of the centrifuge _. 1 referred to Figure 16 on the description of the axis 5 in Figure 2. Also arranged in Figure 16 in the hollow interior of the axis 5 minimum pressure valve 7 corresponds in its embodiment to the example of Figure 2.

The Umlenkrippenanordnung 17 provided on the upper side of the housing 2 located below the rotor 2 'here has the same function as the Umlenkrippenanordnung described in Figure 13 with the same reference numeral.

In contrast to the longitudinal sectional representations which have been explained above, in the example according to FIG. 16 the longitudinal section is laid so that a sectional plane in the right half of FIG. 16 forms an angle of approximately 90 ° to the sectional plane in the left half of FIG , For this reason, in the right-hand half of FIG. 16, the longitudinal section runs through one of the nozzle channels 33 with the associated recoil nozzle 34, while in the left-hand half of FIG. ken half of Figure 16, the sectional plane between the two nozzle channels 34 passes.

As a result, in the left half of Figure 16, the location and design of the oil outlet 47 can be seen unhindered. The left half of Figure 16 illustrates that the oil outlet 47 is located radially inwardly and axially below in the rotor 2 and that the oil outlet 47 has a cross section which is large in relation to the cross section of the oil inlet 44 in the upper part of the rotor 2. This is As already mentioned above, it is ensured that no high lubricating oil pressure can build up inside the dirt collecting part 4 of the rotor 2, because the flow cross section for the outflowing lubricating oil in the oil outlet 47 is always greater than the flow cross section for the lubricating oil at the oil inlet 44 ,

In addition, in the flow path for the Schmierölteil- Ström, which is passed through the dirt trap part 4, just before the oil inlet 44 nor the throttle body 37 in the form of a relatively narrow annular gap between the inner circumference of the inner part 21 and the outer circumference of the axis 5. This throttle 37 provides that at a given lubricating oil pressure a desired amount of lubricating oil per unit time flows through the waste collecting part 4.

Finally, FIG. 17 shows a ninth embodiment of the centrifuge, wherein the example of the centrifuge 1 according to FIG. 17 coincides in many parts with the centrifuge 1 according to FIG. In the case of the centrifuge 1 according to FIG. 17, the guidance of the lubricating oil from the lubricating oil inlet 18 into the drive part 3 and into the dirt trap part 4 is different. The centrifuge 1 according to FIG. 17 also has a minimum pressure valve 7 in the oil inlet 18, the design of which corresponds to the design of the minimum pressure valve 7 in FIG.

The axis 5, on which the rotor 2 of the centrifuge 1 is rotatably mounted, is also formed in the example according to FIG 17 over its length with a central hollow channel 53. In Fig. ^1, a lower portion 53.1 of the hollow interior of the axle 5 sits the minimum pressure valve 7, more precisely the valve body 70 with the upwardly following valve stem 72 and the valve stem 72 surrounding the valve spring 76. The upper end of the valve spring 76 is supported on a step inside the axis 5 from. In Figure 17, the minimum pressure valve 7 is shown in its closed position. In this closed position, the valve body 70 bears sealingly against the valve seat 75, which is formed in a lower region of the central axle receptacle 12 of the housing part 10 '. With its lower end 50 ', the axis 5 is also screwed into the axle receptacle 12 and thus forms a housing-fixed part of the centrifuge. 1

In the opened state of the minimum pressure valve 7, which is caused by increasing the oil pressure over a predetermined minimum oil pressure, the lubricating oil flows from the oil inlet 18 on Ventilkδrper 70 and the valve stem 72 passing through the lower portion 53.1 of the hollow shaft 5 upwards. In its upwardly shifted opening position of the valve stem 72 of the minimum pressure valve 7 is dense at its upper end end at the step in the hollow interior of the axis 5, whereby now the hollow channel 53 of the axis 5 is separated from the incoming lubricating oil. The entire lubricating oil flow first flows radially outward through a radial opening 54 in the axis 5 and arrives in a circumferential annular gap 24 ', which is between see the outer circumference of the axis 5 and the inner periphery of the lower sliding bearing 51 is formed.

From the annular gap 24 'flows a first partial flow of lubricating oil through two radial openings 24 in the bearing 51 radially outwardly into the two nozzle channels 33 and exits from these through the recoil nozzles 34 to enable the rotor 2 of the centrifuge 1 in rotation.

A second partial flow of lubricating oil flows from the annular gap 24 'in the axial direction upward, for which above the annular gap 24' between the outer circumference of the axis 5 and the inner periphery of the upper portion of the lower slide bearing 51, a defined bearing gap is formed, which is a throttle point 37 for the second partial flow of lubricating oil forms. This second lubricating oil partial flow then flows through the annular channel 30 'between the outer circumference of the axis 5 and the inner circumference of the inner part 21 of the rotor 2 further upwards. Thereafter, the second partial flow of lubricating oil flows through another, also a restrictor 37 forming bearing gap between the outer circumference of the axis 5 and the inner circumference of the upper slide bearing 52. Above the slide bearing 52 finally enters the second lubricating δlteilstrom by at least one oil inlet 44, the inner part 21st penetrated near its upper end, in the radial direction outwards into the interior of the waste collecting part 4 of the rotor 2 a. Due to the size of the bearing gaps or throttling points 37, the size of the second lubricating oil partial flow is determined, with the bearing gaps 37 automatically cleaning and keeping clean as a result of the rotation.

The upper end 50 of the axle 5 is here designed as a separate insert, with its upper part, as in the example according to FIG. 13, into a lower-side recess 14 'in the center of the lid 14 supporting and centering engages. An upper portion 53.2 of the hollow interior 53 of the axis 5 passes through the upper axle end 50, whereby a pressure relief for the displacement of the minimum pressure valve 7 is allowed in its open position without much resistance.

In its other parts, the centrifuge 1 according to FIG. 17 corresponds to the example of the centrifuge 1 according to FIG. 13, and reference is made to the description of FIG. 13 because of the further details and associated reference numerals shown in FIG.

Claims

Claims:

Free-jet centrifuge (1) for cleaning the lubricating oil of an internal combustion engine, with a housing (10) which is closed with a removable cover (14), with a rotor (2) rotatably mounted in the housing (10) - and with channels for feeding the pressurized lubricating oil to be cleaned and for discharging the cleaned pressureless lubricating oil, the rotor (2) having one or more recoil nozzles (34) and a dirt collecting area

(4 ¹ ), wherein the centrifuge (1) comprises means for dividing the supplied lubricating oil flow in a first and a second lubricating oil partial flow, wherein the rotor (2) one of the recoil nozzles

(34) comprehensive drive part (3), which is flowed through by the first partial flow of lubricating oil, and a dirt collecting portion (4 ') comprising the dirt collecting part (4), which is flowed through by the second lubricating oil partial flow, wherein a dirt containing the deposited part of the rotor (2) for disposal with the lid (14) open can be removed from the housing (10) and wherein the rotor (2) is formed from interconnected parts, characterized

- That the rotor (2) with drive part (3) and dust collecting part (4) consists of three main components (21, 22 and 23), namely an inner part (21), an upper part (22) and a lower part (23),

- that the upper part. (22) and the lower part (23) interconnected injection or die castings incombustible plastic or a combustible light metal and together form the part of the rotor (2) which can be removed from the housing (10),

- That the lower part (23) is annular, an axially lower boundary of the waste collecting part (4) and the recoil nozzles (34) and at least one nozzle channel (33) for the supply of the first

^Includes lubricating oil partial flow to the recoil nozzles (34) and

- That by the upper part (22) and the lower part (23) formed removable part of the rotor (2) for the transmission of the required torque sufficient rotationally axially attached to the inner part (21) and is axially removable from this.

2. jet centrifuge according to claim 1, characterized in that the inner part (21) is tubular and forms a radially inner boundary of the waste collecting part (4) and a lower portion of the drive part (3).

3. jet centrifuge according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the inner part (21) with the interposition of two axially spaced bearings (51, 52) on a central, the rotor (2) rotatably supporting, fixed housing axis (5) sits and that the axis (5) is hollow over at least part of its length and forms a section (53) of a flow path for the lubricating oil flow flowing through the centrifuge (1).

4. jet centrifuge according to claim 3, characterized in that the hollow portion (53) of the axis (5) is connected at a lower end with a Schmierölzuführkanal (18) and that by one or more first radial openings (54) of the axis (5) of the first partial flow of lubricating oil the drive part (3) and by one or more second radial openings (54 ') of the axis (5), the second partial flow of lubricating oil is supplied to the waste collecting part (4).

5. jet centrifuge according to one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the inner part (21) near its upper end has at least one radial opening which forms an oil inlet (44) in the waste collecting part (4).

6. Free-jet centrifuge according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the upper part

(22) is bell-shaped and forms an axially upper boundary and at least part of a radially outer boundary of the waste collecting part (4).

7. jet centrifuge according to claim 6, characterized in that the upper part (22) at the top has a central opening (26) into which an upper end of the inner part (21) engages.

8. jet centrifuge according to claim 7, characterized in that a means for achieving the torsional strength between the by the upper part (22) and the lower part (23) formed removable part of the rotor (2) on the one hand and the inner part (21) on the other hand, a molded and / or frictional engagement between the aperture (26) and the engaging in this upper end of the inner part (21).

9. jet centrifuge according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that j eder nozzle channel (33) formed by a in the lower part (23), substantially radially extending hollow channel, which in each case juts radially outwardly into one of the return nozzles (34) ,

10. jet centrifuge according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that j eder nozzle channel (33) is formed by a respective groove-shaped, substantially radially extending recess in the lower part (23), each having its own or a common cover (25 ) is closed on the upper side to a hollow channel, which in each case opens radially outward into one of the return nozzles (34).

11. jet centrifuge according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that j eder nozzle channel (33) formed by a in the lower part (23), formed substantially radially extending hollow channel, which in each case radially outward in a likewise in the lower part (23) formed, substantially axially extending nozzle channel portion (33 ') opens, the upper side in each case by a respective own or a common cover (25) is closed and the lower side in each case j in one of the return nozzles (34) opens.

12. jet centrifuge according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that the / J ede cover (25) is an injection molded part made of plastic and with the remaining lower part (23) sealingly welded or glued or pressed or locked or screwed.

13. jet centrifuge according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that the / j ede cover (25) by a foot part of a suitably in the dirt trap part

(4) placed substantially lying in a radial plane guide and partition wall (48), which is an injection molded part made of plastic, and that the / each formed by a foot part cover

(25) with the lower part (23) sealingly welded or glued or pressed or locked.

14. Free-jet centrifuge according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the inner part

(21) has in its lower region at least one, preferably per nozzle channel (33) with its radially inner end congruent or in an inner part-circumferential channel (24 ') opening radial opening (24) and that in this lower portion of the lower part (23) and the inner part (21) are sealed axially against each other under sealing.

15. jet centrifuge according to claim 14, characterized in that in the transition region of each j erer radial aperture (24) in the inner part (21) to the j respectively associated nozzle channel (33) in the lower part (23) one or more seals (27) in the inner part (21) and / or in the lower part (23) are provided.

16. A jet centrifuge according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a means for achieving the torsional strength between the by the upper part (22) and the lower part (23) formed removable part of the rotor (2) on the one hand and the inner part (21) on the other frictional between the inner part (21) and the lower part (23).

17 jet centrifuge according to claim 16, characterized in that the frictional engagement by the seals (27) mediated frictional engagement.

18. jet centrifuge according to one of claims 15 to 17, characterized in that the seals (27) extend horizontally in the circumferential direction of the inner part (21) or of the lower part (23).

19. A jet centrifuge according to any one of claims 15 to 17, characterized in that the seals (27) in each case j eweils one of the radial openings (24) are arranged running around in a vertical plane around j e.

20. jet centrifuge according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that axially below and radially inside the lower part (23) at least one oil outlet (47) having a cross section which is larger than a occurring in the flow path of the second lubricating oil partial flow smallest cross section, is provided.

21. jet centrifuge according to one of claims 3 to 20, characterized in that the rotor (2) carrying the axis (5) with its upper end (50) in the attached lid (14) releasably supported and centered.

22 jet centrifuge according to claim 21, characterized in that between the upper end (50) of the Axis (5) and the lid (14) an elastic insert (9) is arranged.

23. Free-jet centrifuge according to one of claims 3 to 20, characterized in that the rotor (2) carrying the axis (5) projects into the rotor (2) and with its upper end (50) at a distance from the attached lid (14). ends.

24. jet centrifuge according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the dirt catching part (4) in its interior a plurality of radially or predominantly radially extending, in the circumferential direction

^■ regularly spaced guide and stiffening walls (48) which are integral with or connected to the inner part (21) or the upper part (22).

25, free-jet centrifuge according to one of claims 4 to 24, characterized in that means for quantitatively dividing the supplied lubricating oil flow in the first and second lubricating oil partial stream are formed by two throttle bodies, wherein for the first partial flow of lubricating oil, the nozzles (34) are the relevant throttle point and wherein for the second partial flow of lubricating oil in the flow path between the inner periphery of the inner part (21) and the outer circumference of the axis (5) lying constriction (37) and / or a flow gap at the minimum pressure valve

(7) and / or the second radial opening (s) (54 ') in the axle (5) and / or a bearing gap of the lower and / or the upper bearing (51, 52) and / or the in the inner part (21) mounted oil inlet (44) is the throttle point is / are.

26 jet centrifuge one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the drive part (3) supplied lubricating oil partial flow is quantitatively greater than the dirt trap part (4) supplied lubricating oil partial stream.

27 jet centrifuge according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the supply

• the lubricating oil to the centrifuge (1) for both the drive part (3) and for the dust collecting part (4) axially from below through the axis (5).

28 jet centrifuge according to one of claims 20 to

27, characterized in that radially to the outside of the outlet (47) on the underside of the rotor (2) and / or on the upper side of a below the rotor (2) Centrifugegehäusebereichs (10 ') a Umlenkrippenanordnung (17) and / or a shield (17 ') is provided, which forces the coming out of the outlet (47) unpressurised lubricating oil partial flow to a steered, separated from the rotor (2) and j eder of each recoil nozzle (34) lubricating oil partial flow course.

29 jet centrifuge according to one of claims 3 to

28, characterized in that by means of a on the upper axle end (50) or on the inner part (21) ratcheted or clamped or screwed or on the cover (14) provided or supported fuse (38) which is detachable or removable, from the Housing (10) removable part of the rotor

(2) on the inner part (21) is secured against axial withdrawal.

30. jet centrifuge according to claim 29, characterized in that the axis (5) or the cover (14) or the fuse (38) pointing axially downwards and the rotor (2) pointing axially upwards each have a contact surface, which cooperate to each other limit the axial mobility of the rotor (2) relative to the axis (5) during operation of the centrifuge (1).

31. A free-jet centrifuge according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the removable from the housing (10) part of the rotor (2) is metal-free and that the removable part of the rotor (2) forming plastic sorted, preferably a recycled plastic, is and is pollutant or pollutant low combustible.

32. Free-jet centrifuge according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the inner part

(21) is a die-cast part made of light metal or an injection molded part made of plastic.

33. jet centrifuge according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in one of the centrifuge (1) the lubricating oil supplying channel (18) or in the hollow portion (53) of the axis (5) a minimum pressure valve (7) is arranged, the one Oil supply to the centrifuge (1) releases only after exceeding a predefinable inlet-side oil pressure.

34. FreistrahlZentrifuge according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rotor (2) in terms of its with the housing (10) and the axis (5) cooperating parts having a shape and dimensioning, the installation of the rotor (2) in existing, previously equipped with a conventional rotor centrifuges allow.