EP1856855A1 - Procede et dispositif de gestion de flot dans un reseau de telecommunications par paquets - Google Patents
Procede et dispositif de gestion de flot dans un reseau de telecommunications par paquetsInfo
- Publication number
- EP1856855A1 EP1856855A1 EP06709504A EP06709504A EP1856855A1 EP 1856855 A1 EP1856855 A1 EP 1856855A1 EP 06709504 A EP06709504 A EP 06709504A EP 06709504 A EP06709504 A EP 06709504A EP 1856855 A1 EP1856855 A1 EP 1856855A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- stream
- flow
- credit
- packet
- register
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000008033 biological extinction Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000015654 memory Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003190 augmentative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012217 deletion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037430 deletion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004377 microelectronic Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000011664 signaling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
- H04L45/54—Organization of routing tables
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
- H04L47/10—Flow control; Congestion control
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
- H04L47/10—Flow control; Congestion control
- H04L47/24—Traffic characterised by specific attributes, e.g. priority or QoS
- H04L47/2483—Traffic characterised by specific attributes, e.g. priority or QoS involving identification of individual flows
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
- H04L47/10—Flow control; Congestion control
- H04L47/32—Flow control; Congestion control by discarding or delaying data units, e.g. packets or frames
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
- H04L47/10—Flow control; Congestion control
- H04L47/39—Credit based
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method of managing the flow in a packet telecommunications network, and more particularly in a network embedding the IP (Internet Protocol).
- IP Internet Protocol
- the invention applies in a preferred, but not limited, manner to the methods implemented for the purpose of a flow-level admission control mechanism.
- a stream is identified by a set of attributes present in the header of the packets that compose it (example of attributes: the source and destination IP addresses, the source and destination ports, the protocol, the flow label ,.).
- a stream is considered active at a given moment if the time elapsed since the observation of its last packet is less than a predetermined extinction duration (typically of the order of a few seconds).
- the invention proposes a solution for determining with a certain probability whether a received packet, for example at the level of a link, belongs to an active stream or to a new stream.
- the proposed solution has the following particularity: any flow identified as new is certain.
- the new flows are identified "on the fly", that is to say during the detection of the packets, and are subject to an admission control implicit, without resorting to signaling.
- This admission control makes it possible, for example, to reject packets belonging to new streams when a link or a path is in a state of congestion.
- the invention provides a very low complexity solution to the problem of detecting new flows in the context of implicit admission control. It can possibly be used for other applications, for example for counting flows.
- This mechanism has a disadvantage in that it is necessary to erase the flows of the list after a period of inactivity greater than the duration of the flow extinction, otherwise there are known risks of saturation and in any case, an increase in the search time of a stream in the list.
- the present invention makes it possible to overcome the above disadvantages.
- it aims at a method of managing flows in a packet telecommunication network, a stream being considered as active in the network if the time elapsed since the detection of the last packet of this stream is less than an extinction duration predetermined method, the method comprising: for each packet received, the packet belonging to a given stream,
- the flow management method is based on a data structure of fixed size, each flow can be addressed directly.
- This characteristic advantageously makes it possible to limit the search time of a stream in the structure, and moreover to make this time constant.
- each flow is associated with a credit representative of its activity, this credit being brought down regularly for all flows managed by the process.
- this method comprises a step of calculating an image value of the identifier of said stream, using a function whose role is to associate with image identifiers the image values belonging to a finite set of values. images to which respective directly addressable inputs correspond in the fixed size data structure.
- these methods include a step of determining the activity of a stream from the data structure and an admission control step of a packet if it belongs to a new stream.
- the determination step is a step during which the data structure is read by directly addressing the register of the flow concerned.
- This direct addressing mode avoids the need to memorize the stream identifier in the data structure and simplifies the search operation of the stream.
- the invention makes it possible to dispense with the identification of the streams that are no longer active and their deletion. According to the principle of the invention, it is possible that a new stream is not recognized as such if another active stream already uses the corresponding stream register ("false positive" type error).
- the management method according to the invention can be declined in several variants.
- the stream register is constituted by a predetermined number of bits.
- the stream register is constituted by a predetermined number of bits.
- a first binary value is memorized in each of the bits;
- a second binary value is memorized in each of the bits taken one by one, cyclically, and at a given frequency, the activity credit being constituted, at a given moment, by the number of bits of the stream register that store the first binary value.
- the value of a counter increased by a predetermined initial credit is stored in the flow register
- this counter is incremented cyclically, the activity credit being constituted at a given instant by the difference between the contents of the flow register and the current value of the counter.
- This second embodiment has the following advantages; it lends itself to simple software and hardware implementations and accommodates a conventional memory (organized in 8xn bit words) for saving the registers of the streams.
- the invention also relates to a device for managing flows in a packet telecommunication network, a stream being considered as active in the network if the time elapsed since the detection of the last packet of this stream is less than a period of time. predetermined extinction, the device comprising:
- update means adapted to progressively and simultaneously decrease the activity credits associated with all the streams, so that the credit of the flow expires at the end of the duration of extinction, counted from the initialization credit.
- the various steps of the flow management method are determined by computer program instructions.
- the invention also relates to a computer program on an information carrier that includes instructions adapted to implement a flow management method as described above.
- This program can use any programming language, and be in the form of source code, object code, or intermediate code between source code and object code, such as in a partially compiled form, or in any other desirable form.
- the invention also provides for a computer-readable information medium which includes instructions from a computer program.
- the information carrier may be any entity or device capable of storing the program.
- the medium may comprise storage means, such as a ROM, for example a CD ROM or a microelectronic circuit ROM, or a magnetic recording medium, for example a floppy disk or a disk. hard.
- the information medium may be a transmissible medium such as an electrical or optical signal, which may be conveyed via an electrical or optical cable, by radio or by other means.
- the program according to the invention can be downloaded in particular on an Internet type network.
- the information carrier may be an integrated circuit in which the program is incorporated, the circuit being adapted to execute or to be used in the execution of the method in question.
- FIG. 1 represents a flow management method according to the invention in a preferred embodiment
- FIGS. 2A and 2B show data structures that can be used in two variants of the management method of FIG. 1;
- FIG. 3 shows a flow management device according to the invention in a preferred embodiment
- FIGS. 4A and 4B respectively represent a bistable flip-flop and a set of these flip-flops used in the device of FIG. 3. Detailed description of an embodiment
- FIG. 1 represents a flow management method according to the invention.
- a stream is defined here as a series of close-packs over time with common header attributes (IP address, protocol, port number, flow label ,.).
- a stream is considered active in the network if the time elapsed since the detection of the last packet of this stream is less than a predetermined extinction duration TO.
- this method comprises two independent processes, namely an initialization process set enoaa / re when detecting a packet of a stream that is taken into account, and a setting process. up to date.
- FIG. 1 shows, in the form of flowcharts:
- the management method described here uses a data structure of fixed size.
- the fixed size data structure is a matrix of bits, called a "bitmap”.
- bitmap described here is in the form of a matrix of L + 1 lines and N columns.
- the packet processing process comprises a first step ElO obtaining the IM image of the stream identifier of this packet.
- the identifier of a stream corresponds to the association of certain invariant fields of the header of its packets.
- the image of the identifier of the stream is, in this example, an integer between 1 and N, where N is the number of columns of the data structure TA.
- This image can typically be obtained using a hash function ("hash" in English) applied to the concatenation of certain header fields of the packet.
- a particular location in the data structure TA is thus determined. This location corresponds to a set of bits (or a set of logical gates) hereinafter called "flow register”.
- This value contained in this flow register (or the binary result of the logic functions) is used to determine whether a stream is active or not.
- the L bits of the column indexed by the IM image of this stream are set to 1 in the TA structure. This amounts, in the sense of the invention, to assign maximum credit to the flow of this package.
- the update process is constituted by a loop mainly comprising:
- a step F20 consisting of positioning all the bits of an RP line of the array TA with a second binary value 0, and cyclically incrementing the value of this index RP, modulo L.
- the data structure TA is particularly advantageous because it is sufficient to count the number of bits positioned at the first binary value 1 in the line RP to know the number of active streams at a given instant.
- step ElO for obtaining an IM image of the identifier of the stream of the packet that has just been detected is followed by an E20 test during which the state of activity is determined. of this flow.
- this step consists in reading the value stored in the bit at the intersection of the current index line RP (this index being managed by the updating process) and the column determined by the IM image of the identifier of this stream.
- the stream will be considered active (result of the positive test E20) if this bit stores the first binary value 1.
- This test is then followed by a step E30 during which the credit representing the activity of this stream is initialized to its value. maximum by setting all the bits of this IM column to the first binary value 1.
- the data structure TA also comprises an L + lth SA line memorizing the activity synthesis of all the streams.
- Each element of this extra line SA stores the logical OR of the first L lines of the structure. This line can be read directly to know the activity status of a stream.
- the decision to take into account a new stream or not is not part of the invention. This precision can be taken depending on the congestion state of a network link and other criteria, such as the service class of the packet being processed.
- This data structure TB comprises, like the data structure TA described above, N registers, each register can be addressed directly from the image of the identifier of a stream.
- the data structure TB has only one element per register, each of these elements storing a value representative of the activity credit of a stream.
- the maximum credit allocated to a stream when detecting a packet belonging to an active stream or when admitting a packet from a new stream is equal to the value of a CR counter increased by a predetermined initial credit L.
- the counter CR is incremented cyclically during an updating step so that the activity credit of the stream constituted at a given instant by the difference between the contents of the flow register and the current value of the counter expires at the end of the flow-off time (to the value of one cycle).
- a duration TO / (L-1) is expected.
- This step FlO delay is followed by a step F20 during which one increments the value of a reference counter CR by one. This incrementation is done cyclically. Assuming that this counter is coded on W bits, the incrementation is modulo 2 W , the reference counter always being between the values 0 and 2 W -1.
- the step ElO obtaining the image of the identifier of the flow of a packet is identical to that described above. It makes it possible to obtain an integer IM between 1 and N making it possible to directly address the data structure TB.
- step E20 for determining the activity of the flow is performed by comparing the value stored in the flow register in the column of the data structure TB indexed by the image of the flow IM with the current value of the counter set. day in step F20 previously described.
- note E [Im] the content of the flow register in the IM column.
- the activity credit for a stream is constituted, at a given moment, by the difference between the content E [Im] stored in the register of this stream and the current value of the counter CR. This difference is calculated modulo 2 W. During the step E20 of determining the activity of a stream, this difference is calculated and it is considered that the stream is active if this difference is strictly less than 0.
- the flow credit is initialized in step E30 by resetting the flow register with the new value of the augmented CR counter of L, modulo 2 W.
- the stream is detected as new, it is connected, as in the case of the previous example, to the admission control step E40 to determine whether this stream should be taken into account or not.
- step E30 When the stream must be taken into account, the credit of this stream is increased in step E30 by resetting the flow register with the current value of the counter CR.
- the packet is rejected (step E50) without modification of the data structure TB.
- the data structure TB contains a second line FL whose each box is initialized with the value 1.
- the step F20 of the updating process consists of incrementing a counter CR cyclically.
- the time interval separating two increments of the counter is set by the delay time of the step FlO of the same process.
- the value of the counter CR increased by an initial credit L predetermined in a register of the TB data structure.
- This register may, in accordance with the invention, be addressed directly. Its index is calculated as in the variant of FIG. 1A from the image value of the stream identifier of the packet.
- FIG. 3 represents a flow management device according to the invention in a preferred embodiment.
- This device can for example be incorporated in a router.
- It comprises a processor 10 adapted to implement a computer program putting encaivre the flow management method described above.
- This program is stored in a ROM 20.
- the device 100 also includes a RAM 21 necessary for the execution of this program.
- FIG. 3 shows a stream FE of packets entering the device 100.
- the device comprises means 30 for detecting and receiving these packets.
- a packet When a packet is received, it is, in the embodiment described here, stored in registers of the random access memory 21.
- the non-rejected packets are subsequently read from this random access memory. They constitute an FS output stream.
- the computer program stored in the read-only memory 20 comprises a routine for calculating an image value of the identifier of the flow of a packet.
- This routine uses for example a hash function applied to the concatenation of certain fields of the header of this packet.
- the computer program stored in the read-only memory 20 mainly comprises two initialization and update routines for the activity credit of the streams.
- FIG. 4A represents a flip-flop 50 with two RS inputs and an output O for storing an information bit.
- logic gates are associated according to the matrix 40 of L rows and N columns represented in FIG. 4B.
- the data structure TA described above with reference to FIG. 1A is thus embodied in the form of a set of logic gates.
- the inputs Sl to SN make it possible to reset to 1 (first binary value) all the elements (bits) of a column.
- the initialization of the activity credit is done by sending a pulse by the initialization routine on the corresponding entry.
- the inputs R1 to RN make it possible to simultaneously reset (the second binary value) the state of a row of the matrix.
- the update routine generates a pulse on the corresponding input, which resets the line of the bitmap indexed by the counter RP to zero.
- the computer program stored in ROM 20 includes a routine for determining the state of activity of a stream.
- the computer program includes a routine for controlling the admission of a packet if it belongs to a new stream, which amounts to determining whether this stream should be taken into account or not.
- the computer program implements the activity credit initialization routine for that flow.
- the update frequency of the activity credits can be modified over time, and in particular increased with the traffic activity to reduce the duration of extinction of the network flows.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Data Exchanges In Wide-Area Networks (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR0501454 | 2005-02-14 | ||
| PCT/FR2006/050125 WO2006085039A1 (fr) | 2005-02-14 | 2006-02-13 | Procede et dispositif de gestion de flot dans un reseau de telecommunications par paquets |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1856855A1 true EP1856855A1 (fr) | 2007-11-21 |
Family
ID=34954863
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP06709504A Withdrawn EP1856855A1 (fr) | 2005-02-14 | 2006-02-13 | Procede et dispositif de gestion de flot dans un reseau de telecommunications par paquets |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US7894340B2 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP1856855A1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2006085039A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4603494B2 (ja) * | 2006-02-14 | 2010-12-22 | 富士通株式会社 | 伝送装置および学習情報保全方法 |
| US7697435B1 (en) * | 2007-02-02 | 2010-04-13 | Sprint Communications Company L.P. | Dynamic backhaul delay determination |
| US7822056B2 (en) * | 2009-03-04 | 2010-10-26 | Alcatel Lucent | LCR switch with header compression |
| US9264321B2 (en) * | 2009-12-23 | 2016-02-16 | Juniper Networks, Inc. | Methods and apparatus for tracking data flow based on flow state values |
| JP5987560B2 (ja) * | 2012-08-31 | 2016-09-07 | 富士通株式会社 | データ転送装置、データ転送方法およびデータ転送プログラム |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2612660B1 (fr) * | 1987-03-18 | 1990-10-19 | Hmida Hedi | Dispositif de calcul binaire |
| US6515963B1 (en) | 1999-01-27 | 2003-02-04 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Per-flow dynamic buffer management |
| US20020116527A1 (en) * | 2000-12-21 | 2002-08-22 | Jin-Ru Chen | Lookup engine for network devices |
| US7342936B2 (en) * | 2002-06-17 | 2008-03-11 | Integrated Device Technology, Inc. | Method of performing deficit round-robin scheduling and structure for implementing same |
| US7483374B2 (en) * | 2003-08-05 | 2009-01-27 | Scalent Systems, Inc. | Method and apparatus for achieving dynamic capacity and high availability in multi-stage data networks using adaptive flow-based routing |
-
2006
- 2006-02-13 EP EP06709504A patent/EP1856855A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2006-02-13 WO PCT/FR2006/050125 patent/WO2006085039A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2006-02-13 US US11/884,436 patent/US7894340B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| YOOHWAN KIM ET AL: "High-speed router filter for blocking TCP flooding under DDos attack", CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2003 IEEE INTERNATIONAL PERFORMANCE, COMPUTING, AND COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE. (IPCCC). PHOENIX, AZ, APRIL 9 - 11, 2003; [IEEE INTERNATIONAL PERFORMANCE, COMPUTING AND COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE], NEW YORK, NY : IEEE, US, vol. CONF. 22, 9 April 2003 (2003-04-09), pages 183 - 190, XP010642220, ISBN: 978-0-7803-7893-3, DOI: 10.1109/PCCC.2003.1203698 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2006085039A1 (fr) | 2006-08-17 |
| US7894340B2 (en) | 2011-02-22 |
| US20080212475A1 (en) | 2008-09-04 |
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