EP1743453A1 - Mesure de performance dans un reseau de transmission de paquets - Google Patents
Mesure de performance dans un reseau de transmission de paquetsInfo
- Publication number
- EP1743453A1 EP1743453A1 EP05769213A EP05769213A EP1743453A1 EP 1743453 A1 EP1743453 A1 EP 1743453A1 EP 05769213 A EP05769213 A EP 05769213A EP 05769213 A EP05769213 A EP 05769213A EP 1743453 A1 EP1743453 A1 EP 1743453A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- packet
- flow
- terminal
- packets
- collection unit
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
- H04L41/14—Network analysis or design
- H04L41/142—Network analysis or design using statistical or mathematical methods
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L43/00—Arrangements for monitoring or testing data switching networks
- H04L43/50—Testing arrangements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
- H04L45/26—Route discovery packet
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L43/00—Arrangements for monitoring or testing data switching networks
- H04L43/08—Monitoring or testing based on specific metrics, e.g. QoS, energy consumption or environmental parameters
- H04L43/0852—Delays
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of telecommunications networks and more specifically to the field of metrology of packet transmission telecommunications networks.
- Metrology in the literal sense of “measurement science”, is developing in different areas of networks such as characterization and modeling of traffic, traffic analysis, or even the optimization of quality of service and performance.
- Network metrology is also used to improve the supervision of a network. Its main objective is to provide assistance for sizing a network and for diagnosing problems detected in a network.
- the growing complexity of networks, and in particular that of the Internet leads to ignorance of traffic and conditions of use. It becomes more and more difficult to have a real control of the network and its behavior.
- network traffic is made up of multiple packet streams.
- a packet flow is defined as an exchange of data between two terminals of a network whose packets have common characteristics, in particular common characteristics of origin, destination and service.
- metrology aims to determine measurements to be carried out on the traffic of the network studied in order to have a better knowledge of this traffic.
- measures There are two main types of measures.
- a first type is composed of measurements made on a flow of test packets. To carry out these so-called “active" measurements, a stream of test packets is transmitted, through the network studied, from a first transmitting terminal to a second receiving terminal.
- a test packet has a specific format containing a first field indicating a time reference for sending the packet and a second field indicating the sequence number of the packet in the stream of test packets sent.
- the receiving terminal determines a delay for transmitting a test packet from the sending terminal according to the first field of the packet.
- the receiving terminal can also detect packet losses based on the second field of a test packet.
- a test packet is a packet for which a transmission time reference is known and which it is known to distinguish from other reception packets in order to associate it with an arrival time reference or to determine whether it is lost. We can thus obtain performance characteristics of an “end-to-end” flow, that is to say on the complete path of the flow of test packets, from the transmitter to the receiver, and in particular measurements transmission delay between the two terminals, based on known time references for sending and receiving packets.
- This first type of measurement therefore makes it possible to obtain performance measurements over a complete path of the flow of test packets, that is to say between the terminal emitting the flow and the terminal receiving the flow.
- the measurements thus obtained relate to the test packets of a flow. They are therefore qualitatively precise.
- a disadvantage of this type of measurement is that it only provides information relating to the ends of the flow of test packets. It is therefore impossible to obtain information on a segment of the complete path between two network devices or between a network device and one of the terminals. The information thus obtained is therefore geographically imprecise.
- a second type of measurement is known carried out at the level of network equipment by an analysis of the flows which pass through it.
- passive measurements can be carried out either by measurement units on board the network equipment, or by measurement units external to the network equipment (or even passive probes) dedicated to passive measurements. The latter generally have less information than the on-board measurement units. These measurement units listen to traffic flowing on the links between network equipment.
- This type of passive measurement widely used in existing networks, makes it possible to obtain volume information by flow and by network equipment.
- One drawback of this type of measurement is that it provides information relating to network equipment which are very difficult to correlate with other information relating to other network equipment. Consequently, even if it is however possible to obtain relatively precise geometric information by correlation on a given segment, such a correlation remains complex to implement, in particular in the case where the flows are sampled in order to analyze them.
- Another drawback of this type of measurement is that it only provides volumetric information relating to the flow by network equipment, in particular the number of packets analyzed as well as the sum of the sizes of the packets analyzed for a given flow. Consequently, the information obtained by this type of measurement can turn out to be qualitatively insufficient and even unreliable, in particular in the case where the flows are sampled in order to analyze them.
- qualitatively precise information that is to say relating to the packets of a flow, and geographically precise, that is to say relating to segments of the complete path of the flow in the existing networks.
- network equipment refer to active network equipment, that is to say which fulfills an active processing function in the network, such as for example switches or routers.
- An active processing function in the network can also be defined as opposed to a passive processing function fulfilled in particular by a measurement unit.
- the present invention aims to propose a solution tending to satisfy these needs.
- a first aspect of the invention proposes a measurement method in a data packet transmission network, in which a stream of data packets transmitted by a first terminal passes through at least one network equipment item with which a measurement unit is associated.
- the first terminal generates a packet flow, comprising first and second state control packets session; the measurement unit analyzes said first and / or second packet of said flow, passing through the network equipment; the first terminal sends a description of transmitted packet flow comprising at least the number of packets transmitted to the collection unit; the flow measurement unit sends a description of the flow comprising at least one item of information indicating the number of packets analyzed to the collection unit; and the collection unit identifies each analyzed packet of the flow as a function of the flow description to correlate, packet by packet, said flow description and said packet flow description.
- a second aspect of the invention proposes a measurement system comprising means arranged to implement the above method.
- a third aspect of the invention provides a collection unit comprising means arranged to implement the above method. Thanks to these provisions, it is possible to obtain precise information geographically and qualitatively of the traffic on the transmission network studied. Other aspects, aims and advantages of the invention will appear on reading the description of one of its embodiments.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram of a network architecture according to an embodiment of the invention
- - Figure 2 illustrates a network measurement method according to an embodiment of the invention
- - Figure 3 illustrates a method according to an embodiment of the invention in a network architecture based on a collection unit comprising a first and a second module
- - Figure 4 illustrates a format of a TCP packet header.
- the invention can be used in all fields of metrology applied to packet transmission networks.
- the invention proposes to couple active measures and passive measures in order to take advantage of each of them.
- FIG. 1 represents a network architecture comprising a measurement system according to an embodiment of the invention.
- a terminal 11 and a terminal 12 are connected to the IP network 10.
- the terminals 11 and 12 are suitable for generating test packet flows.
- the IP network 10 includes equipment respectively referenced
- the pieces of equipment 13, 15 and 16 are each provided with an on-board flow measurement unit.
- the measurement units include a measurement export function.
- the invention also covers a configuration in which the flow measurement unit is an external entity and listens for traffic passing over a transmission link between the network equipments. or a terminal and equipment.
- the terminals 11 and 12 as well as the equipment comprising flow measurement units 13, 15 and 16 are connected to a collection unit 18.
- This collection unit is intended to receive the various information exported by the measurement units and the terminals 11 and 12 in order to group and correlate them to provide precise information, relating to the test test packets and corresponding to specific segments. of full path of the stream, including performance information related to packet loss or packet transmission delay.
- Terminals 11 and 12 can be fixed terminals. They can also be mobile terminals.
- the flow measurement units on board the equipment 13, 15, 16 implement flow analysis functions of the kind of those being normalized called 'IPFIX' including one implementation is distributed by Cisco Systems, Inc. under the name "Netflow”.
- An “IPFIX” type service is a global flow analysis service passing through packet transmission network equipment, in particular routers and switches of IP, ATM, Ethernet or even MPLS (for Multiple Protocol Lable Switch) type.
- Such a service provides an analysis of the flows entering a piece of equipment. It is also suitable for accumulating statistical measurements relating to a given flow as well as for exporting these measurements asynchronously to a collection unit 18.
- the export of measurements to the collection unit is preferably carried out by encoding data in order to to reduce the necessary bandwidth. Such an export of measurements can be carried out on the fly, upon expiration of a timer, or upon detection of an end of flow.
- a measurement unit can also store these measurements so as to allow the collection unit 18 to download them.
- the invention covers any other analysis function of a measurement unit providing flow information and any other method of exporting this flow information.
- the network equipment provided with a flow measurement unit are routers.
- the invention also covers a flow measurement system in which the network equipment provided with a flow measurement unit are other network equipment, such as for example switches.
- a stream of test packets, transmitted by the terminal 11 to destination of the terminal 12 is identified by the following information: the IP address, noted T11_SrcAddr, and the logical port, noted T11_SrcPort, of the sending terminal 11; the IP address, noted T12_DstAddr, and the logical port, noted T12_DstPort, of the receiving terminal 12; the protocol used, noted Proto_test, for example TCP for "Transmission Control Protocol", UDP for "User Datagram Protocol", or even ICMP for "Internet Control Message Protocol".
- a flow description preferably also includes a field for the numbers of administrative domains, or AS for “Autonomous System”, crossed, denoted respectively “SrcAS” and “DstAS”.
- a measurement unit of a router stores data relating to the flows passing through this router. On receipt of a packet, the unit of measurement determines whether the packet belongs to a flow being analyzed. If it belongs to a flow being analyzed, the fields corresponding to the number of packets analyzed for this flow, to the sum of the sizes of the analyzed packets, and to the reference time of passage of the last analyzed packet, respectively the 'Packets', 'Bytes' and 'Last' fields, are updated.
- the measurement unit of the router initiates an analysis for this stream, storing, among other things, a time reference for the passage of the first stream packet in the field ' First '.
- the router measurement unit ends the analysis of a flow upon detection of the end of the flow.
- a measurement unit is generally adapted to export the stored data either when the end of the flow is detected, or even before the end of the flow being analyzed, when a certain time has passed since the initiation of the flow analysis.
- the stored data relating to the analysis of a flow are then encoded to be exported to the collection unit 18 in the form of flow description tickets.
- flow description tickets relating to several studied flows can be grouped into a flow description block, as illustrated below.
- the header of a description ticket for flux also preferably indicates a time reference of the router. Fields marked 'SysUptime' and 'UnixSecs' allow you to deduce when the flow description ticket was created. A field marked 'FlowSequence' allows the detection of loss of flow description tickets. Table 1 below describes the format of the header of the exported flow description tickets, according to an embodiment of the invention.
- the 'Reserved' field can be used to describe information such as the transmitter (engine type 'and id') and a sampling method (samplingjnterval).
- Each flow is preferably described in a flow description ticket as detailed in table 2 below, comprising in particular information relating to administrative domains, or AS for “Autonomous System” and relating to the Type of Service, or Tos, equivalent to a Quality of Service, or QoS.
- Each flow can also be described by a flow description ticket comprising only part of the information listed above.
- the flow description blocks grouping description tickets of flows are generally sent by the measurement units to a collection unit in the form of a UDP datagram.
- a UDP datagram of 1464 bytes, corresponding to an Ethernet frame of 1500 bytes, can contain up to 30 flow description tickets.
- An IPFIX-type service implemented in the form of software, does not generally make it possible to analyze all the packets passing through a network device.
- the measurement unit therefore reduces the number of packets to be analyzed by selecting certain packets in the packet flow studied.
- the invention covers all types of packet selection in a stream. In one embodiment of the invention, the selection of packets to be analyzed is carried out by sampling the flow studied.
- the measurement units export the flow information, as detailed in table 2, to the collection unit 18.
- test packets are injected into the network.
- the terminal 11 transmits a stream of test packets intended for the terminal 12 through the network 10.
- the stream of test packets therefore transits via at least some of the devices of the network 10.
- all the test packets or only part of the test packets of the flow are analyzed.
- the measurement units have the capacity to detect certain packets among the different packet streams passing through the network equipment with which they are associated, such as in particular different connection management packets.
- the measurement units have the capacity to detect session status control packets, such as a session opening or end packet, or even a session pause packet. More precisely, in an IP type network, such measurement units are suitable for detecting TCP connection management packets. Generally, the measurement units implementing an IPFIX type service have such a capacity. When a measurement unit detects a management packet for a TCP connection, it exports this information in the TcpFlags' field of a flow description ticket according to IPFIX, as shown in table 2 with the presence of the TcpFlags' field. The following sections describe the basics of TCP connections. A format of a packet header according to a TCP type protocol is detailed in FIG. 4.
- the server then returns an acknowledgment message to the client.
- the TCP connection is established.
- the client sends a connection close message to the server.
- the 'END' field of the TCP header of such a message is equal to 1 and therefore such a message is noted END.
- the server responds to this message by sending an acknowledgment message.
- the client sends a connection closing message.
- the 'RST' field of the TCP header of such a message is equal to 1 and therefore such a message is noted RST thereafter.
- the collection unit 18 This characteristic of the test flow allows the collection unit 18 to carry out a correlation in a simple manner between the different information exported by the terminals and the measurement units, respectively in descriptions of packet flows and in flow descriptions.
- the flow descriptions exported by the measurement units include fields relating to the various TCP connection management messages, noted TcpFlags'. Consequently, the collection unit receiving on the one hand a description of test packet flow from the sending terminal 11, then a description of test packet flow from the destination terminal 12, and on the other hand receiving a description of test flow from measurement units can correlate this information to easily obtain packet-by-packet information such as packet loss measurements on segments of the full path, i.e. between a terminal and network equipment or between two network equipment. Such measures are called packet loss vectors.
- a description of such a flow makes it possible to detect whether none, one or both packets of the flow have passed through and have been analyzed by a measurement unit associated with a given network equipment. If no packet of the flow has been analyzed, the TcpFlags' field of the flow description ticket sent by the measurement unit associated with this equipment does not contain the SYN indications or RST. On the other hand, if the connection opening message packet and / or the connection closing message packet is analyzed by a measurement unit, the TcpFlags' field contains the indication SYN and / or RST.
- a description of the test flow makes it possible to deduce a description of the flow of test packets and from this to deduce a vector of packet loss over a segment of the complete path.
- the collection unit can deduce information from the values contained in the TcpFlags' field. So if the TcpFLags' field
- the collection unit can deduce therefrom that the SYN packet has not been lost.
- the flow descriptions exported by the measurement units preferably further include fields relating to the passage time references of the first packet and of the last packet of a flow, respectively denoted 'First' and 'Last'.
- the test flow comprising only two test packets, the measurement unit indicates via the two fields 'First' and 'Last' of the flow description tickets, a time reference of each of the packets of a test flow, in case the two packets are analyzed.
- the collection unit is thus able to simply carry out a correlation, packet by packet, between the descriptions of packet flows received from the terminals and the descriptions of flows received from the measurement units.
- the collection unit 18 is able to provide the following instantaneous information: information relating to the path of the packets of the stream in the network; such as for example a list of one or more pieces of equipment through which the analyzed packets pass; information relating to the management of the equipment of the flow path in the network, such as for example a list of management addresses of one or more equipment through which the analyzed packets pass; information relating to the processing of the flow in the equipment of the path, such as for example a list of service quality levels applied by one or more equipment to the analyzed packets; or a list of administrative areas crossed by the flow; - network performance information relating to a packet loss on a segment between one of the terminals and a device or between two devices and / or to a packet transmission delay relating to a segment between one of the terminals and a device or between two equipment.
- the unity of. measure can provide by iteration and by correlation of the information obtained at each iteration, relative to a segment between one of the terminals and one device or between two devices, statistics on performance measures such as those defined in the IETF, for "Internet Engineering Task Force ", or at PITU," for "International Telecommunication Union", such as: loss of packets; a packet transmission delay; and a variation in transmission delay.
- a reiteration of the measurement process is also very useful in the case where the analysis is carried out on selected packets of the test flow, by sampling for example.
- the collection unit is able to supply, by correlation of the data obtained at each iteration, in a more precise and exhaustive manner the following information: information relating to the path of the packets of the flow in the network ; such as for example a list of one or more pieces of equipment through which the analyzed packets pass; - information relating to the management of the equipment of the path of the flow in the network, such as for example a list of management addresses of one or more devices through which the analyzed packets pass; information relating to the processing of the flow in the equipment of the path, such as for example a list of service quality levels applied by one or more equipment to the analyzed packets; or a list of administrative areas crossed by the flow; network performance information relating to a packet loss on a segment between one of the terminals and a device or between two devices and / or a packet transmission delay relating to a segment between one of the terminals and a device or between two equipment.
- FIG. 2 illustrates a network measurement method according to an embodiment of the invention.
- the flow of test packets sent by the terminal 11 to the terminal 12 passes through the equipment 13 and 15, each being provided with a flow measurement unit comprising an IPFIX type flow description export function.
- the measurement units sample, manage and store the flow descriptions in a table of flow characteristics.
- a network comprises an integer number N of devices.
- the flow descriptions are sent to the collection unit 18 from one of the IP addresses of the equipment Ei, denoted Ei_SrcAddrMgt.
- the packets of the IP flow, transmitted by the terminal 11 to the terminal 12, are therefore observed during their passage through the equipment Ei.
- step 21 the terminal 11 requests the opening of a TCP connection with the terminal 12. It sends a TCP message, whose SYN field has the value 1, to the terminal 12.
- the terminal 11 stores a reference time, noted T11_SYN_time, relating to the time of transmission of the packet.
- the characteristics of the test flow are: - T11_SrcAddr; - T11_SrcPort; - T12_DstAddr; - T12_DstPort. - TCP protocol.
- the packet sent during the previous step is presented to the analysis process of each network device through which it passes, if it is selected.
- the analysis process to which the first packet is presented detects the start of a new TCP connection, by checking the value of the “SYN” field of the TCP header of the packet. It therefore creates an entry in the flow characteristics table for this connection. Then, in one embodiment of the invention, the process assigns a value to the different fields of the table entry.
- the terminal 12 receives a request to open the TCP connection. It stores a time reference of the arrival of the packet in the T12_SYN_time 'field. Then responds by sending a package including a
- This description preferably contains the following information: - T11_SrcAddr; - T11_SrcPort; - T12_DstAddr; - T12_DstPort; - protocol; - T11_SYN_time; - T11_RST_time; - Tcp_flags; - T11_AS; - T11_Tos.
- the description sent to the collection unit is detailed in the following table.
- step 27 ' the analysis process to which the last packet is presented detects the end of a TCP connection, by checking the value of the' RST 'field of the TCP header of the packet. If no entry exists for this flow, the analysis process creates a new entry in the flow characteristics table. Otherwise, an entry already exists for this stream and the process increases the value of the 'Byte' field of the table entry by the number of bytes in the packet. It increases the value 'Packets' by the value 1 from the table entrance. Then, whether the entry is new or not, it assigns a time reference of the time of arrival of the packet to the 'Last' field of the table entry. Finally, a flow description is generated and sent to the collection unit. The entry from the corresponding table is then preferably freed.
- the table below details an entry from the table of flow characteristics of the network equipment Ei for a given test flow.
- the source AS is denoted A and TAS destination is noted B.
- step 28 the units of measure prepare a description of flux. These flow descriptions can also be grouped in blocks of flow descriptions before being sent to the collection unit.
- the flow descriptions are sent to the collection unit from the address Ei_SrcAddrMgmt.
- the destination address for this package is Ei_DstAddrMgmt.
- the present invention also covers the configuration in which the measurement units store the flow descriptions and the collection unit downloads them when it wishes.
- the terminal 12 receives a connection termination message packet from the terminal 11. On receipt of this packet, it stores a reception time reference in T12_RST__time.
- step (30) the terminal 12 sends to the collection unit the description of test packet flows.
- This description contains the following information: - T11_SrcAddr; - T11_SrcPort; - T12_DstAddr; - T12_DstPort; - protocol; - T12_SYN_time; - T12_RST_time; - Tcp_flags; - T12_AS; - T12_Tos.
- the collection unit 18 groups together the flow descriptions received from the measurement units and the packet flow descriptions received from the terminals. The table below details the information thus gathered.
- step 32 in one embodiment of the invention, depending on the configuration of the collection unit, the latter can provide: information relating to the path of the packets of the flow in the network; - information relating to the management of the equipment of the flow path in the network; - information relating to the processing of the flow in the equipment of the path; network performance information relating to a loss of packets on a segment between one of the terminals and a device or between two devices and / or to a delay in transmission of packets on a segment between one of the terminals and a device or between two equipment and / or a variation in packet transmission delay. It can also calculate packet transmission delays and packet losses along the full path of the stream, as illustrated in the examples described in the following sections.
- the collection unit supplies “End-to-end” NextHop vectors by grouping NextHop information from the SYN and RST packets, starting from step (31).
- the collection unit provides management interface vectors, by grouping the management interface information of the SYN and RST packets of the test flow, from step 31.
- the collection unit supplies AS vectors, by grouping the AS information of the SYN and RST packets analyzed and identified by the collection unit, from step 31
- the AS of the source of the flow and the AS of the destination of the flow are respectively described in the fields exported by the terminals, Src_AS and Dst_AS.
- a measurement unit exports, for a given Ei device, the previous AS in the path and the next AS in the path, that is to say the AS of the NextHop of the flow.
- the case described below proves to be very useful in an IP network for a flow path passing through several different ASes. Knowledge of the list of ASs crossed by a flow makes it possible to establish an inter-domain diagnosis.
- the table below groups the information from the ASes of the SYN and RST packets to produce AS vectors relating to segments of the flow path.
- the collection unit provides Tos (or QoS) vectors by grouping together the information from the SYN and RST packets, as detailed in the table below.
- the Tos field is one of the rare fields that network equipment is authorized to modify. This field determines the quality level of packet processing in the queues of network equipment. This is important information, particularly in inter-domain for the establishment of systems for marking the quality of services.
- the final vector is therefore ⁇ T11_Tos, ..., Ei_Tos, Ei + 1_Tos, ..., T12_ToS ⁇ .
- the collection unit can also calculate an end-to-end packet transmission delay vector according to one of the following equations: T12_SYN_time - T11_SYN_time; T12_RST_time - T11_RST_time.
- the vectors of loss and delay are complementary. A packet observed by T12 makes it possible to calculate a transmission delay as illustrated in the table below.
- an unobserved pack makes it possible to calculate a loss.
- a loss of a SYN packet between the equipment Ei + 1 and the terminal 12 is detected as illustrated by the table below.
- the terminal 11 sends a TCP connection opening message to the terminal 12.
- the corresponding packet is observed by the network equipment Ei, Ei + 1 ...
- This message is clearly not received by the terminal 12.
- the terminal 11 does not receive a corresponding acknowledgment message.
- the SYN message is retransmitted by the terminal 11.
- the network equipment considers that a new connection, therefore a new flow, is to be processed.
- a new entry in the flow characteristics table is then created.
- a loss of an RST packet between the network equipment Ei and Ei + 1 is detected. This loss is confirmed by the fact that the RST packet is not received by T12.
- FIG. 3 illustrates a method according to an embodiment of the invention in a network architecture based on a collection unit comprising a first and a second module.
- the method then comprises the following steps: - step 302: Sending to the terminal 11 and to the second module 301 of a message requesting the copying of the description of the test flow description between the terminals 11 and 12, corresponding to a start of measurement , by the first module 300; step 21: sending the first packet corresponding to a TCP connection request from the terminal 11 to the terminal 12; - step 22, 22 ': Presentation of the first packet to the process of analyzing the flow of the measurement units of the Ei equipment; - step 23, 23 ': Creation of a new entry in the table of flow characteristics managed by the flow measurement units of the equipment Ei, at this stage a time reference for the passage of the first packet analyzed in the 'First' field is stored; step 24: reception of the first connection request packet by the terminal 12 and transmission of an acknowledgment SYN-ACK message by the terminal 12 to the terminal 11; - step 25: Receipt of the SYN-ACK acknowledgment message by the terminal 11 and sends an RST message to close the TCP connection to
- step 26 Sending the description of packet flows by the terminal 11 to the first module 300; - step 27, 27 ': End of flow detection on reception of the RST packet and recording of a time reference for the passage of this last packet in the' Last 'field by the measurement units; - step 28, 28 ': Export of the flow descriptions by the measurement units of the equipment Ei to the second module 301; - step 29: Reception of the connection closure packet by the terminal 12; step 30: Sending the description of packet flows by the terminal 12 to the first module 300; step 303: Transmission over the flow of flow descriptions between the terminals 11 and 12 by the second module 301 to the first module 300; step 304: Grouping and correlation of the data relating to this flow by the first module 300; step 305: Production of the information vectors relating to equipment of the flow path or to segments of the path taken by the packets of this flow or also relating to the complete path by the first module 300.
- the module 300 of the collection unit comprises an input filtering making it possible to filter only the information relating to the flows studied.
- a flow description ticket also includes a TTL 'field, for Time To Live. Such information is conventionally included in a field of a flow packet. By exporting this information, the collection unit is thus able to easily schedule the Ei equipment along the flow path.
- the present invention proves to be very advantageous in all fields of metrology of packet transmission networks, in particular for the dimensioning of the network, as well as for the commissioning and maintenance of the network and for the quality control of service provided.
- an embodiment of the invention makes it possible to very quickly locate the segment or segments of the complete path which are the cause of the problems, on the basis very precise and reliable relative measurements.
- the measurements provided are available and can be used very quickly.
- an embodiment of the invention is very simple to implement in existing networks. It should also be noted that it is easy to deduce from the present description an embodiment of the present invention in which a terminal transmits the packet stream intended for several terminals. Thus, the measurement method according to an embodiment of the invention can be easily applied to a multiple destination transmission, or “multicast” in English.
- the function of the collection unit as stated above can advantageously be fulfilled by a plurality of entities arranged in a hierarchical architecture.
- a collection unit comprises a plurality of collection entities and a central entity. The terminal and the measurement unit are then connected to at least one of the collection entities.
- a terminal can send packet flow descriptions to one of the collection entities and one measurement unit can send flow descriptions to another collection entity. Then, each of these collection entities can then transmit the descriptions received to the central entity, which identifies each analyzed packet of the flow as a function of the flow description to correlate, packet by packet, the flow description and the flow description packets thus received.
Abstract
Description
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Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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FR0404985 | 2004-05-07 | ||
PCT/FR2005/001114 WO2005112345A1 (fr) | 2004-05-07 | 2005-05-03 | Mesure de performance dans un reseau de transmission de paquets |
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EP2324597A1 (fr) * | 2008-07-21 | 2011-05-25 | Satish Satya Vasamsetti | Procédé et appareil de résolution de problèmes d abonnés dans un réseau de télécommunication |
US10541933B2 (en) * | 2016-11-10 | 2020-01-21 | Disney Enterprises, Inc. | Systems and methods for aligning frames of a digital video content in IP domain |
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US5477531A (en) | 1991-06-12 | 1995-12-19 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Method and apparatus for testing a packet-based network |
IL121898A0 (en) * | 1997-10-07 | 1998-03-10 | Cidon Israel | A method and apparatus for active testing and fault allocation of communication networks |
US6725378B1 (en) | 1998-04-15 | 2004-04-20 | Purdue Research Foundation | Network protection for denial of service attacks |
US6823381B1 (en) * | 2000-08-17 | 2004-11-23 | Trendium, Inc. | Methods, systems and computer program products for determining a point of loss of data on a communication network |
US7010598B2 (en) * | 2002-02-11 | 2006-03-07 | Akamai Technologies, Inc. | Method and apparatus for measuring stream availability, quality and performance |
US7200148B1 (en) * | 2002-06-28 | 2007-04-03 | Bellsouth Intellectual Property Corp. | System and method for analyzing asynchronous transfer mode communications |
KR100523486B1 (ko) * | 2002-12-13 | 2005-10-24 | 한국전자통신연구원 | 트래픽 측정 시스템 및 그의 트래픽 분석 방법 |
US7263067B2 (en) * | 2003-07-15 | 2007-08-28 | Nokia Siemans Networks Oy | Method and apparatus for accelerating throughput in a wireless or other telecommunication system |
US7898969B2 (en) * | 2004-05-07 | 2011-03-01 | France Telecom | Performance measurement in a packet transmission network |
FR2870064A1 (fr) * | 2004-05-07 | 2005-11-11 | France Telecom | Mesure de performance dans un reseau de transmission de paquets |
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2005
- 2005-05-03 EP EP05769213A patent/EP1743453A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-05-03 US US11/579,814 patent/US7869368B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-05-03 WO PCT/FR2005/001114 patent/WO2005112345A1/fr active Application Filing
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US20080137538A1 (en) | 2008-06-12 |
US7869368B2 (en) | 2011-01-11 |
WO2005112345A1 (fr) | 2005-11-24 |
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