EP1854571B1 - Buse de coulée à immersion pour coulée continu de l'acier - Google Patents

Buse de coulée à immersion pour coulée continu de l'acier Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1854571B1
EP1854571B1 EP06425316A EP06425316A EP1854571B1 EP 1854571 B1 EP1854571 B1 EP 1854571B1 EP 06425316 A EP06425316 A EP 06425316A EP 06425316 A EP06425316 A EP 06425316A EP 1854571 B1 EP1854571 B1 EP 1854571B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
nozzle
divider
nozzle according
cross
section
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EP06425316A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1854571A1 (fr
Inventor
Giovanni Arvedi.
Andrea Bianchi
Luciano Manini
Lawrence John Heaslip
John Patrick Rogler
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Vesuvius Crucible Co
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Vesuvius Crucible Co
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Application filed by Vesuvius Crucible Co filed Critical Vesuvius Crucible Co
Priority to EP06425316A priority Critical patent/EP1854571B1/fr
Priority to DE602006010820T priority patent/DE602006010820D1/de
Priority to AT06425316T priority patent/ATE450332T1/de
Publication of EP1854571A1 publication Critical patent/EP1854571A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1854571B1 publication Critical patent/EP1854571B1/fr
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
    • B22D41/50—Pouring-nozzles

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to nozzles for the continuous casting of molten metal or alloy and in particular to a submerged entry nozzle that improves the flow behavior associated with the introduction of liquid metal into a mold through a casting nozzle. More particularly, the present invention relates to submerged entry nozzles for the continuous casting of conventional slabs, thin slabs and so-called semi-thin slabs.
  • Conventional slabs are generally 120 to 450 mm thick, semi-thin slabs 70 to 120 mm thick and thin slabs are less than 70 mm thick.
  • Thin slabs are generally cast at high speed (>5 m/min) with steel flows up to 8 ton/min so as to line-up continuous casting with rolling-finishing processes.
  • Submerged entry nozzles also called dip pipes are used:
  • a SEN is commonly a pipe with a single inlet on one end and one or more exit ports located at or near the other end.
  • the inner bore of the SEN between the inlet region and the exit region is often simply a cylindrical axially symmetric pipe section.
  • the nozzles for conventional slab casting have typical inner bore dimensions of 60 to 80 mm diameter and 600 to 900 mm length.
  • the exit region of the nozzle may simply be an open end.
  • the nozzle may also incorporate two oppositely directed outlet ports in the sidewalls of the nozzle where the end of the pipe is closed. The opposite directed outlet ports deflect molten metal stream with respect to the vertical.
  • the nozzle inlet is connected to the source of molten metal, the upper metallurgical vessel or the tundish.
  • the rate of molten metal flow through the SEN is regulated at or upstream of the SEN inlet by means of a valve device.
  • the valve device is a stopper rod having a tip that is positioned proximate to the nozzle inlet.
  • the tundish is filled with molten metal and head pressure in the tundish is nearly constant during casting.
  • Molds for slabs are formed of four walls extending vertically with horizontal cross-section having two sides with larger length than the other two sides.
  • the submerged part of the nozzle is designed to fit the internal size of the mold and so as to keep an adequate distance from the walls.
  • the cross section of the exit region of a submerged entry nozzle for slab casting can be rectangular, polygonal or elliptical with outlet ports directed towards the narrow sides and/or the lower part of the mold.
  • the submerged entry nozzle for thin slab casting may comprise a first portion having an essentially circular cross section, a second portion or transition portion in which the geometry changes from an essentially radial symmetry to an essentially planar symmetry and a third portion, the diffuser or diffusion portion.
  • the SEN may also comprise a divider or baffle positioned in the diffusion portion or exit region of the pipe to divide and deflect the stream of molten metal exiting the pipe.
  • Such nozzles are known in the art and are for instance disclosed in US 6,464,154 patent.
  • Submerged entry nozzles have to meet various requirements depending on the problem addressed. Typical problems of this technology are widely described in the pertinent literature and imputable to various causes.
  • the stream of molten metal discharged from the SEN has the tendency to cause the mass (or bath) of molten metal within the heart of the slab (which is solidified in its upper portion on the outside only) to strongly circulate within the upper region of the mold.
  • the mass (or bath) of molten metal within the heart of the slab which is solidified in its upper portion on the outside only
  • it is likely that some portion of the circulating mass reaches the top surface of the bath of molten metal in the mold with excessive dynamic pressure, kinetic energy, and turbulence so as to produce deleterious waves on the bath surface.
  • the liquid lubricating slag that is artificially produced by the melting of a special powder on the bath top surface (or 'meniscus') of the slab tends to collect in the most depressed parts of the wavy meniscus, resulting in poor distribution of lubricant, increased wearing of the mold, poor surface quality of the slab and non-uniform heat exchange between the slab being formed and the mold, which is a possible cause of cracks in the slab.
  • the amplitude (or height) of the waves on the meniscus can be used to estimate the extent of the problem and give an idea of the minimum thickness of liquid slag required on the meniscus, increased by a fraction depending on the vertical oscillatory movement of the mold.
  • the regions of the bath surface where the circulating liquid metal reenters into the liquid bath show high meniscus curvature and in these regions the particles of powder and lubricating slag are easily entrapped in the slab being formed, this being a further cause of cracks and other surface flaws (defects) in the slab.
  • the speed of the circulating liquid metal flows on the bath surface is related to the formation of vortexes and surface depressions at the re-entering regions of the circulating liquid metal flow. Vortexing and surface depression increase the potential for the entrainment of powder and slag particles within the circulating liquid metal and subsequent entrapment of particles in the solidified slab.
  • the maximum speed of flow on the bath surface and the differences between speeds on the bath surface when comparing similar locations on either side of the SEN can also be used to characterize the extent of the problem.
  • the circulating liquid metal mass when reaching the bath surface, introduces turbulent fluctuations in the meniscus area and in the liquid metal flow on and near the meniscus.
  • the turbulence existing at the meniscus is an important cause of the unstable control of the molten metal level in the mold, as well as of the chemical and physical wear (or slag erosion) of the refractory material that forms the SEN, limiting its service life.
  • Another value characterizing the extent of the problem is the horizontal velocity of recirculating flows measured at given positions and at a certain depth (about 30-60 mm) under the meniscus (submeniscus velocity). This value should not exceed a given upper limit, otherwise deleterious waves, particle entrainment and entrapment, and excessive bath surface turbulence can be expected.
  • the double-loop flow pattern is mirrored on each side of the SEN, which is to say on each side of the central longitudinal axis of the slab, since the SEN has two ports that are also mirrors of each other on each side of said axis, and ideally the mirrored flow pattern would be symmetric about the central longitudinal axis.
  • upward circulation of the liquid metal mass with excessive speed, dynamic pressure, kinetic energy or turbulence can be associated with the problems mentioned above.
  • the dynamic casting process by gravity with open control valve differs somewhat from this static condition, but the pressure in the upper portion of the SEN is still substantially controlled by the total ferro-static head resulting from the elevation difference between the valve closure and bath surface in the mould.
  • the most critical section of the controlling valve is the variable and reduced one in which a sudden flow acceleration takes place with a consequent increase of turbulence and an important dissipative phenomenon. The result is a sudden pressure drop just in such regulation region.
  • the magnitude of the sudden pressure drop increases as the length of the SEN increases in consequence of the elevation difference mentioned above.
  • the SEN should be as short as possible.
  • this requirement is difficult to meet in particular for big tundishes, with steel flow rates up to 8 ton/min. Mounting requirements of the SEN under the tundish makes it difficult to limit the length of a SEN and lengths in the range of 1000 to 1300 mm can be required.
  • the divider has an ogival or rocket-shaped geometry and its contour (outline) is continuous and smooth without the presence of angular points according to the analytical definition (non-derivable points of the plane function describing the contour because the first right and left derivatives do exist and are distinct).
  • the ogival type divider is combined with a second portion and a third diffusion portion respecting defined ratios and heights.
  • the angle ⁇ (theta) at the vertex of the divider is comprised between 30° and 60°, most preferably 45°. Angle ⁇ is the angle formed between straight lines, drawn on each side of the vertical centerline of the nozzle, tangent to the contour of the upper part of the flow divider at the points of least curvature of said contour.
  • Another advantage of the SEN is that it renders superfluous or not strictly necessary the use of electromagnetic brakes, while having shown an optimal working capability even in combination with such apparatus and with different arrangements thereof.
  • the steel flow velocity is reduced progressively in the section approaching the outlet ports. This way, two slow and steady fluid streams are obtained of nearly identical flow rates, without breaking down of the fluid veins (without detachment or separation of flow) and without vortexes.
  • the residual kinetic energy is more easily dispersable within the body of the liquid mass of the slab being formed, thus giving rise to non-swinging (non-oscillating) circulation loops, symmetrical with respect to the vertical axis (central longitudinal slab axis, with minimal wave amplitude at meniscus, with respect to both its center and the more depressed regions, to submeniscus velocities within an optimal range, and to reduction of turbulent fluctuations of meniscus level allowing improved mold level control.
  • Another object of the invention is a SEN according to claim 12.
  • This SEN has a restriction located under the flow regulation region. The resulting head restriction increases the absolute pressure level in the region of the regulation valve in order to stabilize the control thereof and reduce the erosion phenomenon of the refractory surfaces controlling the stream.
  • Fig. 1 shows a nozzle 1 according to the prior art as shown in EP 0925132 .
  • Molten metal flows by gravity from an upper vessel or tundish 3 into a slab casting mold 5.
  • Tundish is filled with molten metal 2 and the level of metal in the tundish is maintained nearly constant, except at the beginning and at the end of the casting. Head is thus also nearly constant.
  • the mold 5 comprises four vertical walls, two sides in horizontal section being longer than the other two.
  • the SEN comprises a first portion 6 having an essentially circular cross section, a second portion or transition portion 8 and a third portion, the diffuser or diffusion portion 18.
  • the upper part of first portion 6 of the nozzle 1 is attached in a known manner to the tundish 3.
  • the flow regulation in this case is made by the help of a stopper 19.
  • the geometry changes from an essentially radial symmetry to an essentially planar symmetry.
  • the nozzle 1 dimension is lowered in one direction perpendicular to the mold larger dimension and is enlarged in the other direction parallel to the mold larger dimension.
  • the diffusion portion 18 also called flat portion or diffuser 18 has bottom outlet ports 9, 9'. The outlet ports are located under the level of molten metal 17 during use.
  • the diffusion portion 18 comprises a central flow divider 4 integral with both wider walls of the diffuser and adapted to divide the flow into two separate channels 16, 16' terminated at the bottom by two outlet ports 9, 9' discharging downwards.
  • Divider 4 is shown in greater detail in Fig.2 .
  • the divider is bulged and comprises linear sections that meet at distinct angles to form distinct angular points of intersection. The meeting of the linear sections at said points results in discontinuities in the smoothness of divider 4 at said points and these discontinuities originate detachments of the flow, thereby generating vortexes that can be dragged into the molten bath in the mold by the streams flowing within channels 16 16'.
  • Fig. 3 shows a nozzle 21 according to the present invention.
  • the nozzle 21 comprises a first portion 6 having an essentially circular cross section, a second portion or transition and division portion 23 and a third portion, the diffuser or diffusion portion 24.
  • Nozzle 21 also comprises an ogival flow divider 14 having two parts, an upper part enlarging downward and a lower part narrowing downward.
  • the first portion 6 of nozzle 21 has an entrance section 7 adapted to the stopper nose shape to regulate the flow of molten metal and an exit having a circular cross-section 11.
  • the second portion 23 entrance section corresponds to the first portion 6 exit section 11.
  • the second portion 23 has an intermediate cross-section 10 and an exit cross-section 20, both cross-sections being of oval, elongated and of planar symmetry.
  • the transition and division portion 23 of nozzle 21 comprises the upper part of central flow divider 14.
  • Cross-section 20 is coincident with the widest part of flow divider 14.
  • the entrance section of the diffusion portion 24 corresponds to the exit section 20 of second portion 23.
  • the intermediate cross-section 10 is coincident with the top of flow divider 14.
  • the area of said cross-section 10 for the passage of flow is preferably lower than area of cross-section 11 for the flow passage.
  • the area of cross-section 20 for the passage of flow is preferably lower than the area of cross-section 10 for the passage of flow.
  • the vertical axes passing through the medium point of each of the two cross-sections of the channels 16, 16' of the diffuser at the level of section 20 are indicated as 22 and 22'.
  • the ratio between cross-section areas 10 and 11 is in the range from 0.6 to 0.8.
  • Cross-sections 11, 10 and 20 are shown in Figs. 4, 5 and 6 , respectively.
  • the side walls of nozzle 21 are divergent downwards in a direction parallel to the larger dimension of the mold, in all other directions, walls are convergent, thus causing a reduction of cross-section area downwards.
  • the SEN according to the invention provides a length of strong acceleration of the flow of molten material between cross-section 11 and cross-section 10 as well as a further acceleration between section 10 and lower section 20.
  • the maximum flow velocity takes place at section 20 and gradually decreases afterwards along both channels 16 and 16' while maintaining the contact with the walls of the nozzle.
  • Section 20 is below the upper vertex of flow divider 14 and corresponds to the largest width of the divider 14. The high flow rate and turbulence in section 20 reduces oxides deposition in the flow dividing zone.
  • the passage cross-section area of both channels 16 and 16' becomes narrower between cross-section 10 and cross-section 20. This is achieved by a suitable shape of the flow divider 14. The flow is then slowed down in the parts of the diffusion channels 16 and 16' located under cross-section 20. Ideally, the velocity at outlets ports 9, 9' should not exceed 1.2 m/sec for any working condition.
  • the outlet ports 9, 9' are generally rectangular in shape with a so-called “aspect" ratio between the long side and short side at that cross-section comprised between 3 and 10.
  • the inner sidewalls 12, 12' of diffusion portion diverge symmetrically and downwards with respect to vertical axis 13.
  • walls can diverge with a curvature that is increasing from the top to the bottom and is a function of the maximum possible flow diffusion without vein detachment at the operation rates, the diffusion portion being bell shape.
  • the sidewalls 15, 15' of flow divider 14 face towards inner sidewalls 12, 12', respectively.
  • Flow divider 14 narrows in its part located below cross-section 20 as sidewalls 15, 15' approach each other to form two angles ⁇ with vertical axis 13.
  • each angle P is ⁇ 8°.
  • Side walls 15,15' can consist of straight lines or curved contours.
  • Angle ⁇ is the half angle formed between straight lines, drawn on each side of the vertical centerline of the nozzle (axis 13), tangent to the contour of the lower part of the flow divider at the points of least curvature of said contour.
  • the contour of the flow divider 14 has to be continuous and derivable without the presence of distinct angular points of the intersection of linear sections, so as to avoid any discontinuities of smoothness.
  • the side walls 12,15 and 12', 15' are symmetrical to the vertical plane respectively comprising axes 22 and 22' and perpendicular to the large walls of the diffuser below cross-section 20.
  • Fig. 7 shows the preferred embodiment of flow divider 14 in which the geometry is of the ogival type, with an angle ⁇ at the vertex of 45° wherein the line segment forming the intersection between the upper part of the flow divider with a vertical half-plane, having its origin in axis 13 and parallel to the large walls of the diffuser, and symmetrical with respect to the vertical plane passing through axis 13 perpendicular to the large walls of the diffuser, is a well connected sequence of circle arcs and straight segments, without discontinuities or angular points.
  • Angular points are avoided by maintaining tangency at the joining points (or intersections) of segments. Furthermore the radii of said circle arcs are increasing from the top downwards and the lowest arc is well connected towards the bottom without any discontinuity or angular points with the segment of one of the two converging straight lines 15, 15' according to said angle ⁇ .
  • a throttle X is located in the first portion 6 under the regulation region 7 and at a distance from the latter comprised between 4 and 8 times the hydraulic radius of said first portion.
  • the restriction has the form of a disk provided with a circular gauged hole whose hydraulic radius with respect to the hydraulic radius of the first portion 6 is in the range of 0.4 to 0.6 and whose thickness with respect to the diameter of the gauged hole is in the range of 0.3 to 0.7.
  • Throttle X restricts the magnitude of the sudden pressure drop in regulation region 7 and thereby alleviates previously described flow instabilities and oscillations and thus increases the stability of flow regulation and lessens the damage to the refractory materials of flow regulating surfaces.
  • the submerged entry nozzle 21 instead of being provided with regulation region 7 could be directly connected through a flange in a known manner with the bottom of container 3, whereas the regulation could be achieved through another element placed in container 3.
  • the SEN 21 could also be secured through a flange, still in a known manner, below a flow regulating sliding gate and placed on the bottom of vessel 3, to operate in a known manner by selectively shutting the passage port formed between two perforated and opposed plates sliding over each other.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)
  • Casting Support Devices, Ladles, And Melt Control Thereby (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Buse d'entrée immergée (21) pour couler du métal en fusion à partir d'un récipient supérieur (3) dans un moule (5), la buse (21) comprenant :
    une première partie ayant une section transversale (6) essentiellement circulaire ; l'extrémité supérieure de ladite première partie étant raccordée au récipient supérieur (3) ;
    une partie de transition et de division (23) dans laquelle la symétrie de la buse passe d'une symétrie essentiellement circulaire à une symétrie plane ; et
    une partie de diffusion (24) comprenant un diviseur (14) et ayant des orifices de sortie (9, 9') qui correspondent aux deux passages séparés (16, 16') par rapport aux axes verticaux de la buse (13), caractérisée en ce que :
    le diviseur a une géométrie de type ogival et est symétrique par rapport à l'axe vertical de la buse (13) et comprend deux parties, une première partie supérieure s'élargissant vers le bas et une seconde partie inférieure se rétrécissant vers le bas ;
    le diviseur a des contours continus sans présence de points angulaires ;
    l'angle au niveau du vertex θ (thêta) du diviseur (14) est compris entre 30° et 60°, de préférence 45° ; et
    le diviseur (14) dans sa partie inférieure se rétrécit de manière symétrique avec ses côtés (15, 15') vers l'axe vertical médian (13).
  2. Buse selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que les côtés rétrécis (15, 15') dudit diviseur (14) comprennent des contours droits qui forment avec ledit axe vertical (13) deux angles β≤8°.
  3. Buse selon la revendication 2, caractérisée en ce que :
    le segment linéaire formant l'intersection entre la partie supérieure du diviseur d'écoulement (14) avec un demi-plan vertical, ayant son origine dans l'axe (13) et parallèle aux grandes parois du diviseur, et symétrique par rapport au plan vertical passant par l'axe (13) perpendiculaire aux grandes parois du diviseur, est une séquence bien raccordée d'arcs de cercle et de segments droits, sans aucune discontinuité ni points angulaires ;
    les rayons desdits arcs de cercle augmentent de la partie supérieure vers le bas ; et
    l'arc le plus bas est raccordé vers le bas, sans aucune discontinuité ni points angulaires, au segment de l'une desdites deux lignes droites convergentes (15, 15').
  4. Buse selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que lesdits côtés rétrécis (15, 15') dudit diviseur (14) comprennent des contours incurvés dont la courbure augmente de la partie supérieure à la partie inférieure.
  5. Buse selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisée en ce que :
    le rapport entre la surface transversale de la partie de diffusion (24) dans sa zone de section de passage transversal supérieure (10) et la surface transversale (11 ) à l'extrémité de la première partie (6) est compris entre 0,6 et 0,8 ; et
    le diviseur (14) au niveau de sa section de transition (20) entre ses première et seconde parties forme deux zones de passage pour le courant, dont la somme se traduit par une surface totale qui est plus étroite que la surface transversale (10).
  6. Buse selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisée en ce que la réduction de surface transversale entre les sections (11) et (10) est réalisée dans une longueur totale par rapport au rayon hydraulique de la première partie (6) entre 4 et 6.
  7. Buse selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisée en ce que les sections transversales d'écoulement sortant des sorties (9, 9') de chaque passage séparé (16, 16') ont une forme rectangulaire avec un rapport « d'aspect » entre le côté long et le côté court compris entre 3 et 10.
  8. Buse selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisée en ce que ladite partie de diffusion (24) a des parois internes latérales (12, 12') qui divergent symétriquement d'un axe vertical médian (13) et par rapport à ce dernier divergent de la partie supérieure vers le bas.
  9. Buse selon la revendication 8, caractérisée en ce que lesdites parois latérales internes (12, 12') du diffuseur (24) sont droites et forment un angle α ≤ 8° avec l'axe vertical (13).
  10. Buse selon la revendication 8, caractérisée en ce que les parois latérales internes (12, 12') de la partie de diffusion (24) comprennent des contours incurvés dont la courbure augmente de la partie supérieure vers la partie inférieure.
  11. Buse selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisée en ce que lesdites parois droites ou incurvées (12, 15) et (12', 15') sont symétriques par rapport au plan vertical comprenant respectivement les axes (22) et (22') et perpendiculaires par rapport aux grandes parois du diffuseur (24) au-dessous de la section transversale (20).
  12. Buse selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que :
    la longueur totale de la buse (21) est comprise entre 1 400 et 1 000 mm ;
    ladite buse comprend un étrangleur (X) situé dans la première partie (6) et sous la région de régulation de débit (7) ;
    le rapport du rayon hydraulique du passage dudit étrangleur par rapport au rayon hydraulique de la première partie (6) est compris entre 0,4 et 0,6 ; et
    ledit étrangleur (X) est espacé de la région de régulation de débit d'une distance comprise entre 4 et 8 fois le rayon hydraulique de la première partie (6).
  13. Buse selon la revendication 11, caractérisée en ce que ledit étrangleur (X) a la forme d'un disque prévu avec un trou circulaire calibré.
EP06425316A 2006-05-11 2006-05-11 Buse de coulée à immersion pour coulée continu de l'acier Active EP1854571B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP06425316A EP1854571B1 (fr) 2006-05-11 2006-05-11 Buse de coulée à immersion pour coulée continu de l'acier
DE602006010820T DE602006010820D1 (de) 2006-05-11 2006-05-11 Tauchgiessrohr zum Stranggiessen von Stahl
AT06425316T ATE450332T1 (de) 2006-05-11 2006-05-11 Tauchgiessrohr zum stranggiessen von stahl

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP06425316A EP1854571B1 (fr) 2006-05-11 2006-05-11 Buse de coulée à immersion pour coulée continu de l'acier

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1854571A1 EP1854571A1 (fr) 2007-11-14
EP1854571B1 true EP1854571B1 (fr) 2009-12-02

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EP06425316A Active EP1854571B1 (fr) 2006-05-11 2006-05-11 Buse de coulée à immersion pour coulée continu de l'acier

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EP (1) EP1854571B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE450332T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE602006010820D1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102013103668A1 (de) * 2013-04-11 2014-10-16 Ushio Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Anordnung zum Handhaben eines flüssigen Metalls zur Kühlung von umlaufenden Komponenten einer Strahlungsquelle auf Basis eines strahlungsemittierenden Plasmas

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EP2991789B1 (fr) * 2013-02-20 2017-05-10 Techcom GmbH Tube plongeur utilisé pour produire des pièces métalliques par coulée continue et procédé de coulée continue
HUE040597T2 (hu) 2014-06-11 2019-03-28 Arvedi Steel Eng S P A Nagy anyagáramlási sebességek elosztására szolgáló fúvóforma vékonylemez-öntéshez
CN104057077A (zh) * 2014-07-08 2014-09-24 华耐国际（宜兴）高级陶瓷有限公司 一种高拉速薄板坯浸入式水口
KR102612890B1 (ko) * 2021-04-15 2023-12-12 시나가와 리프랙토리스 컴퍼니, 리미티드 연속 주조용 침지 노즐

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT1284035B1 (it) * 1996-06-19 1998-05-08 Giovanni Arvedi Tuffante per la colata continua di bramme sottili
UA51734C2 (uk) * 1996-10-03 2002-12-16 Візувіус Крусібл Компані Занурений стакан для пропускання рідкого металу і спосіб пропускання рідкого металу через нього
HUP0301297A2 (en) * 2000-06-23 2003-08-28 Vesuvius Crucible Co Continuous casting nozzle with pressure modulator
EP1657009A1 (fr) * 2004-11-12 2006-05-17 ARVEDI, Giovanni Amélioration d'une buse de coulée immergée pour la coulée continue de l'acier

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102013103668A1 (de) * 2013-04-11 2014-10-16 Ushio Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Anordnung zum Handhaben eines flüssigen Metalls zur Kühlung von umlaufenden Komponenten einer Strahlungsquelle auf Basis eines strahlungsemittierenden Plasmas
US9018604B2 (en) 2013-04-11 2015-04-28 Ushio Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Arrangement for the handling of a liquid metal for cooling revolving components of a radiation source based on a radiation-emitting plasma
DE102013103668B4 (de) * 2013-04-11 2016-02-25 Ushio Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Anordnung zum Handhaben eines flüssigen Metalls zur Kühlung von umlaufenden Komponenten einer Strahlungsquelle auf Basis eines strahlungsemittierenden Plasmas

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Publication number Publication date
EP1854571A1 (fr) 2007-11-14
DE602006010820D1 (de) 2010-01-14
ATE450332T1 (de) 2009-12-15

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