EP1852671B1 - Practice training set - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to the field of weapon technology and can be used as a practical training device for grenade launchers for the purpose of training personnel in terms of rules and procedures of shooting with grenade launchers under real conditions.

It is a device for the practice shooting with grenade launcher LAW American manufacture known ( Magazine "Infantry", 1975, Volume 65, 5, pp. 49-50 ), which consists of a launch pad, a shoulder strap and a teaching grenade. It is shot with a small caliber grenade, which imitates the shooting with the grenade launcher LAW. The training grenade has a trajectory similar to the combat grenade. Therefore, the device has the same target system as the grenade launcher LAW.

The disadvantage of the device is that for training not the grenade launcher, but a specially made simulator is used. The conditions and the methods of shooting from this grenade launcher are different from the conditions when shooting with the combat grenade launcher. In addition, the simulator is much lighter, has a different center of mass, which together with other differences, the necessary skills can not be developed, which are required in the battle situation at the level of reflexes.

By the U.S. Patent 6,145,440 is a handy weapon system known for antitank grenade launchers. This system is a practical launching device that mimics the antitank handgun launcher and is equipped with a rifled barrel to fire small bore caliber ammunition or a bullet. The drawn barrel is connected to a chamber for accommodating the small caliber ammunition. There is a special device that ensures the run and housing escape and mimics the caliber grenade. In the run a drawn part for the stabilization of the practical ammunition in flight by bullet turning is intended. It increases the shooting accuracy of the practical starting device.

However, the described device can not be used for the imitation of shooting with shells having a jet propulsion which is switched on the trajectory after the departure of the grenade from the barrel of the grenade launcher. This is due to the fact that it is practically impossible for the whole range to bring the ballistic trajectory of the ammunition fired from the drawn barrel into line with the track of the grenade moving under the action of the jet propulsion. Moreover, the use of ammunition stabilized in flight by turning does not allow to consider a crosswind correction, which is necessary for shooting of grenades with tail and at training in shooting with the grenade launcher. The drawbacks of the starting device described above include the complicated technology of producing drawn barrels.

The closest to the explained complete set of practical teaching equipment is the set of the teaching weapon described in the patent of France N ° 1404877 , intended for the training of personnel with regard to the rules and procedures of shooting with artillery systems, in particular with grenade launchers. The described set of the teaching weapon consists of a starting device and a practical training floor. The sarting device of the set of the teaching weapon consists of parts which are to be mounted on the housing of the practical training floor before or immediately before the introduction into the grenade launcher. In this case, the forward section of the starting device has a guide mimicking the housing of the combat shot, and the rear of the starting device comprises a Sprengstoffladeraum with Auswerfpatrone at the level openings for the escape of the powder gases from the cartridge case into the nozzle of the grenade launcher are provided. The cartridge of the small gauge grenade does not connect the parts of the starting device - the teaching refill, but is inserted in it and is locked by the tightening of the lock attached to the lower part of the mine by means of catches. The movement of the small-caliber curriculum along the guide-line is triggered during the movement of the instructional mine along the guidance of the grenade launcher, after the actuation of the priming charge, which lies at the end of the small-gauge mortar grenade. The explosive capsule, which is present in the training grenade, actuates the ignition charge, which burns quickly and ejects the small gauge grenade into the lead from where it comes out through the muzzle, ie the actuation of the priming charge, which is inside the small gauge grenade, takes place during the Movement of the teaching mine along the guidance of the grenade launcher in the context of the passable axial bore, which essentially affects the trajectory of the movement of the grenade. Thus, the shell will have a trajectory of movement of a corrugated solid thrown at a definite initial velocity at a certain angle to the horizon, ie a ballistic trajectory. Such a trajectory of movement does not correspond to the trajectory of the active jet-propelled antitank grenade, ie, grenades having jet propulsion, which does not allow formation of the grenade launchers in targeted fire with the aid of similar means, given the impossibility of coupling the trajectory trajectories and the corresponding standard grenade.

The object to be achieved by this invention is to provide a device for practical training shooting, this device allows to carry out an effective and inexpensive training regarding the rules and procedures of hand grenade launching using jet propulsion grenades that turn on the trajectory. This equipment is intended to fully imitate the technical data (including the trajectory), the ergonomic characteristics and the preparatory operations to be carried out using a combat analogue with simultaneous exclusion of wear and reduction of the grenade launcher resource and the possibility of multiple use of the launching equipment to ensure.

This object is achieved with the features of claim 1.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the grenade and the projectile, which are mounted in the housing of the practical training shot, divided by a transverse web with one or more calibrated openings which are closed with a tear-open membrane.

The presence of the jet propulsion in the imitation grenade and the missile ensures the ability of the lanes to be coupled with active combat shots throughout the target range and enables the training of the grenade launcher in real combat situations.

The design of the starting device of components which are connected to the housing of the practical training shot, allows a multiple use (up to several hundred times) of said parts, whereby the cost of education are substantially reduced. It is achieved that all disposable elements of the shot (projectiles, detonators, retarders, etc.) are placed in a component, namely in the housing of the practical training shot. Thus, for the repetition of the shooting, the replacement of only one of these disposable elements is needed.

The presence of the guide at the starting device on which the replaceable parts are mounted, which mimic the case of the combat shot, allows To bring the dimensional and weight characteristics of the practical set of teaching equipment closer to the characteristics of that combat analogue with which the training is carried out, as well as to ensure greater effectiveness of the teaching process.

The execution of the rear part of the starting device in the form of the detachable chamber of the projectile allows not to use the explosive loading space of the combat grenade launcher, i. to perform the training without lowering the resource of the combat grenade launcher.

The presence of the nozzle and gas line in the rear of the starting device makes it possible to mimic the ergonomic characteristics of the combat shot, including the impact of impulse surplus pressure on the grenade launchers and the limits of the danger zone of the thermal effect of the powder gas flow. It also ensures the functional safety of the whole system.

The use of the housing of the practical training as part of the guidance of the launching device and at the same time as transport container of the imitation rocket grenade allows to ensure full uniformity of processes of loading and preparation for the shot with the practical training set and combat shot, to simplify the special transport packaging and Accordingly, to reduce the value of the practical equipment set.

The presence of the crossbar with one or more calibrated orifices in each variant of the embodiment of the invention, these apertures being closed with the tear-open membrane and this tear-open membrane sharing the grenade and the projectile, allows the processes of increasing pressure in the hold and housing to be practical Regulate the possibility of using different types of powder for the projectile.

The present invention has versatility applicable to the Possibilities of imitation of practically any standard grenades, by replacement of the parts mounted on the front part of the starting device, in imitation of contours of the case of standard grenades and in application in the training grenade of jet propulsion, which turns on the railway and the possibility of coupling the trajectory of the grenade with the rail of the corresponding standard grenade is guaranteed.

The application of the invention makes it possible to substantially reduce the workload of the training of the personnel by the execution of the starting device of three parts, one of which is consumed during the shot and the other two parts allow a multiple (up to a few hundred times) use, and also to use the combat grenade launcher without lowering its resource.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1

eine Gesamtübersicht eines Satzes des kompletten, praktischen Lehrgeräts gemäß der Erfindung und

Fig. 2

ein praktischer Lehrschuss.

In the following the invention with reference to an embodiment and the accompanying drawings will be explained in more detail. Show it:

Fig. 1

an overall view of a set of complete, practical teaching device according to the invention and

Fig. 2

a practical course.

The set of complete practical teaching equipment has the dimensional and weight characteristics of the shot with which the training is being performed.

The components of the set of practical teaching equipment with the installed parts and assemblies are connected before or immediately before the introduction into the grenade launcher, for example by means of fittings A and B below. The assembled set is placed in the grenade launcher and becomes it attached. The shooting preparations, the aiming and shooting are similar to the combat analog, for example with standard projectiles of the grenade launcher RPG-7.

The set of practical teaching equipment includes a starting device 1 and a practical training projectile 2. The front part of the starting device has a barrel 3, on which are mounted parts 4 which mimic the housing of the corresponding combat grenade. The barrel 3 is provided with a housing 5 of the practical training shot 2, which is connected from the other side by a bush 6 with an explosive loading space 7, which forms the rear part of the starting device 1. At the joints dimming seals 8 are attached. The explosive charging chamber 7 is equipped with a nozzle 9 and a gas line 10, which ensure the reliability of the entire set and the advance of the powder gases to the nozzle of the grenade launcher. In the housing 5 of the projectile an imitated launch grenade 11 is mounted with a diaphragm 12. On the outer surface of the housing 5, a receiving unit 13 is arranged. The bush 6 serves as the bottom of the explosive charging space 7 and includes a primer 14, an intermediate charge 15 and a land 16 with one or more calibrated openings. In the socket 6 a perforated housing of a projectile projectile 18 with a forcing unit 19 is attached.

The mimic R-launcher 11 includes a simulator 20 for acting on targets 20, a jet propulsion 21, and a stabilizer fin 22 on which is mounted a tail-lift tail 23. The simulator for acting on the targets 20 represents a container filled with a dye formulation. Within the stabilizer fin 22, a transfer charge, a retarder (not shown in the drawing), and a trajectory indicator 24 are mounted.

The teaching set works as follows.

When pressing on the triggering device of the grenade launcher 14 is actuated, which ignites the intermediate charge 15, whose triggering the response the trajectory indicator 24 and the retarder of the imitated launching grenade 11 and the projectile 18 caused.

Under the influence of the powder gas pressure, the grenade overcomes the fastening force and begins to move on the housing 5 and then on the barrel 3. As the gas pressure further increases, the forcing unit 19 begins to push through the nozzle 9 and the powder gases of the projectile 18 begin to flow through the gas duct 10 into the nozzle of the grenade launcher without entering the explosive loading space of the grenade launcher (the grenade launcher is shown in the drawing) Not shown).

During the movement of the mimic R-launcher through the barrel 3, the aperture 12 pressed by the gas pressure to the stabilizing fin 22 centers the shell in the barrel 3; the aperture also prevents the breakthrough of the hot powder gases to the jet drive 21 and from the barrel 3 to the full combustion of the projectile 18. After the exit of the grenade from the barrel 3 under the action of the opening tail of the stabilizing fin 23 and the start-up flow of the air separates the aperture 12 of the grenade, and the further flight takes place without the aperture.

At the predetermined time interval, the jet drive 21 is actuated, and the speed of flight of the grenade increases up to the maximum speed. When impacting on the obstacle, the dye is ejected, imitating the trigger and marking the point of the grenade.

After shooting, the practical course will be replaced by a new one. This is followed by a new shooting (up to a few hundred shots) and thus the use of the practical equipment set.

The attached in the grenade trajectory allows to observe the flight of the imitated firing grenade. The presence of the container with dye ensures a safe marking of the meeting point.

Thus, the possibility of using the combat grenade launcher for training without lowering the resource of combat grenade launcher is guaranteed. The multiple use of a large number of parts of this device and the relatively low price of the imitation grenade makes it possible to substantially reduce the cost of training.

The invention is intended for training with regard to methods and rules of shooting with grenade launchers under real-world conditions of use. The construction of the practical teaching set according to the invention provides for the use of combat grenade launchers in the course of training without reducing the resource of combat grenade launchers. This ensures the identity with the combat analogue of all preparatory operations, the aiming and firing, and the imitation of the impact of impulse surplus pressures and heat flows on the trainer, which arise during firing.

Claims (2)

1. Practice training set for shooting with an anti-tank grenade launcher, wherein the practice training set comprises launching device (1) and a practice-training shot (2),
   wherein,
   the launching device (1) consists of components, which are connected to the body (5) of the practice-training shot (2) in advance or just prior to the charge thereof into the grenade launcher, the front section of the launching device (1) is embodied in the form of a guiding barrel (3), provided with changeable parts (4), which are mounted thereon and simulate the body of the combat shot, the rear section of the launching device (1) is embodied in the form of the removable charging chamber (7) of a propulsion charge (18) and is provided with a jet (9) and a gas discharge unit (10), which simulate the ergonomic characteristics of the combat shot, and the they connecting body (5) of the practice-training shot (2) is simultaneously used as the extension of the guiding barrel (3) of the launching device (1) and as a container for transporting a simulating rocket grenade (11).
2. Practice training set according to claim 1,
   characterized in
   that the grenade and the propulsion charge are separated by a compartment with one or more calibrated orifices, which are closed with a rupturable membrane.

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