EP1846169A2

EP1846169A2 - Method for the mixing and spraying of treatment agents and for rapid generation of a persistent aerosol and device for carrying out said method

Info

Publication number: EP1846169A2
Application number: EP05803961A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Thomas Pfalz; Bernd Pfalz
Original assignee: Pfalz Bernd; Pfalz Thomas
Current assignee: PFALZ TEC GMBH; PFALZ, BERND
Priority date: 2004-10-15
Filing date: 2005-10-15
Publication date: 2007-10-24
Also published as: MX2007004283A; AU2005293967A1; WO2006039918A3; JP2008520405A; CA2603632A1; BRPI0516343A2; WO2006039918A2; EG26243A; IL182486A0

Abstract

The invention relates to a possibility for minimizing the amount of liquid necessary for diluting the active ingredient of the treatment agent, a method for rapid generation of a highly persistent aerosol, varying from an aerosol with very different liquid components to a liquid -free aerosol, with a long suspension duration and corresponding nozzles and a device for carrying out said method, in particular, for pest control, plant protection, disinfection and fertilisation, which can distribute the various aerosol media in powder form or in approximately the same sized fine aerosol particles with a long suspension duration. The invention further relates to a method for mixing treatment agents with air or other gases or gas mixtures and for spraying the air or gas/treatment agent mixture and a method for rapid generation of a very persistent aerosol with the corresponding device and corresponding nozzles. The invention is of application to plant protection, pest control and similar specialties.

Description

A method of mixing and spraying treating agents and rapidly generating a stable aerosol and associated nozzles and apparatus for carrying out the methods

The invention relates to a method for mixing treatment agent with air or other gases or gas mixtures and for spraying the air-treatment agent mixture, wherein the treatment agent is a plant protection product, plant influencing agent,

Pesticides, disinfectants, fertilizers and / or any other active ingredient, such as. As a perfume for odor or antistatic treatment, which is to be nebulized, as liquid dispersions or powdery substances, which contains at least one active ingredient for this and a method for rapid production of a stable aerosol with very different proportions of liquid to a liquid-free aerosol with a long suspension period and a device and associated nozzles in the form of annular nozzles, polygonal nozzles or flat-gap nozzles for carrying out the method. However, the invention is also suitable for humidification without active ingredients.

From DE 199 22 435 C2 is a device for

Quick cold mists known in large greenhouses. The nozzle includes a central opening for spraying pesticide, which is supplied to the central opening by a pump. Around the central opening extends an annular nozzle with lamellae for swirling the air flowing out of the annular nozzle compressed air. The resulting Mist is distributed through a fan located downstream of the nozzle in the greenhouse.

From DE 100 33 274 C2 a nozzle head for rapid cold mists is known, which has an inner annular nozzle for dispensing the pumped by a pump crop protection agent. The inner ring nozzle surrounds a central nozzle opening for compressed air and is surrounded by an outer annular nozzle for compressed air. As a result, the pesticide flow emerging from the inner annular nozzle is located radially between an inner compressed air flow and an outer compressed air flow. The pesticide is nebulized by the compressed air streams. The misted from the nozzle head mixture of water and active ingredient has the shape of a shortly after the nozzle head

Aerosol jet, which more and more mixed with air with increasing distance from the nozzle head and turns into fog further away from the nozzle head. The mist settles on the plants to be treated.

From practice, it is also known to distribute the aerosol jet aerosolized from the nozzle head by a blower to the interior of the greenhouse. The nozzle head and the blower are located in particular in the nebulization of larger greenhouses on a carriage, which is moved through the greenhouse during the spraying and nebulization process. When nebulizing with a nozzle head according to DE 100 33 274 C2, the treatment agent is a broth which consists of water and active substance in a ratio of approximately 100: 1 ^' . It is preferably a lot broth ^' of an average of 11 l / ha to be treated greenhouse area needed. However, it may also, if desired, significantly more funds are fogged.

This can generate so much fog in a small amount of time and in large greenhouses and in the whole

Greenhouse, that the entire greenhouse is completely filled with fog during a certain period of time.

In contrast to nebulization is when spraying or

Spraying of treating agent for the broth water and active ingredient in a ratio of 1,000: 1 used. Of these, about 1000 l / ha are needed.

With a high water content in the mist, drops can form on the plants, which can result in the active ingredient being burned by the active substance.

The invention has for its object to provide a way by which the amount of liquid required for dilution of the active ingredient of the treatment agent can be minimized, further a method for the rapid production of a very stable aerosol with very different proportions of liquid to a liquid-free aerosol with a long suspension period and associated nozzles and apparatus for carrying out the processes, in particular for pest control, crop protection, disinfection and fertilization, which can distribute the most varied aerosol media in powder or liquid form into almost the same size, finest aerosol particles with a long suspension period. This object is achieved according to the invention by the features of the independent claims.

Accordingly, the invention relates to a method for mixing treating agent with air or other gases or gas mixtures and for spraying the air or gas treating agent mixture, wherein the treating agent is a crop protection agent, plant controlling agent, pesticide, disinfectant, fertilizer and / or any other active ingredient , such as B.

Fragrances for odor control or antistatic treatment, which is to be nebulised, which contains at least one active ingredient for this, characterized in that the treatment agent is introduced in a first mixing stage in an air or gas stream and distributed in the transverse flow, that the first mixed stream formed therefrom is supplied through a fluid line at least one or more successively more mixing stages, that in this further mixing stage or in these other mixing stages of the respective mixed stream is introduced into a further Luft¬ or gas stream and distributed therein in the transverse flow to form a respective new mixed stream, and that the last mixed stream in the form of an aerosol is sprayed onto or into an area of application. , , , , ,

The invention further relates to a method for the rapid production of a very stable aerosol with very different proportions of water to an anhydrous aerosol with a long suspension period, the most diverse aerosol media are distributed in powder or liquid form in almost the same size, finest aerosol particles with a long suspension period. The method enables the formation of fog even under difficult climatic conditions, which are hardly suitable for fogging. Furthermore, the invention relates to a device with associated nozzles for aerosol generation and mixing of treatment agent with air and for spraying the air-treatment agent mixture, wherein the treatment agent pesticides, plant-controlling agents, pesticides, disinfectants, fertilizers and / or any other active ingredient such , B. for odor or antistatic treatment, which is to be nebulized, which contains at least one active ingredient for this, characterized by a first mixing stage for automatic mixing of treatment agent from a treatment agent source with an air flow, so that a mixed flow is formed, which with the air of the air stream contains mixed treatment agent; at least one further mixing stage or successively more further mixing stages in each case for mixing the mixed stream of the respective preceding mixing stage with a further air stream to form a respective new mixed stream, all mixing stages by a fluid line for the relevant

Mixed stream are interconnected; and that at the last mixing stage, a spraying device is connected in terms of flow or the last mixing stage is designed as a spraying device.

Advantages of the invention according to the independent

Claims: By the invention, at least two times dilution of the plant treatment agent is carried out with air instead of water. This allows large greenhouses and large outdoor areas in less time than before

Treatment agents are treated. In this case, no water or only a small fraction of the known method amount of water needed to form the treating agent broth. For certain applications of the invention, however, it is also possible to use pressurized water for spraying the plant treatment agent, wherein this amount of pressurized water can be substantially smaller than in the prior art. The plant treatment agent may be a mixture of one or more active ingredients and water and additives, but much less water is sufficient than in the prior art. Another advantage of the invention is that the aerosol jet of the plant treatment agent can be directed against plants in order to move the plants or parts of plants by means of the air fraction, for example to fold or erect branches or leaves, so that the spray jet also reaches undersides or back sides of the relevant plant part , Due to the low water content or the total absence of water, there is no danger that drops will form on the relevant parts of the plant whose active ingredient content would burn the plant part in question. Since water is replaced by air by means of the invention, the aerosol jet or aerosol mist contains no or substantially less water than in the prior art. It is achieved a rapid drug concentration with a long suspension period and thus created the basis that the drug actually works or enters the desired effect. A low dilution causes a high concentration of the active ingredient in the aerosol medium and this causes a high concentration of active compound in the aerosol. As a result, the invention can be used for completely new purposes, in particular for rapid disinfection and for

Pest control in rooms against fungi, parasites, mice, rats, etc., e.g. In hospitals, homes and offices, without moisture in it. Moisture would not only damage appliances, beds and furniture, but would also be a breeding ground for new bacteria and fungi. Such can be effectively destroyed with the invention in a short time without forming a moisture medium for new bacteria or fungi. The sprayable or sprayable treating agent of the invention may thus include, in particular, a crop protection agent (against insects, animals, fungi, etc.), a plant affecting agent (eg, growth promoter, growth inhibitor, tonic)

Pesticides (eg against insects or other animals, fungi, etc. in greenhouses, open air areas, hospitals, hotels, apartments, etc.) or disinfectants (eg against bacteria and fungi in greenhouses, in outdoor areas, hospitals, hotels, apartments, etc.) or an odorant, antistatic agent or an essential oil or salt. The treatment agent may be liquid, powdery or granular. It consists of or contains at least one active substance for the intended use.

The nozzles are in addition to the generation of very fine mist also suitable for nebulization of strongly sedimenting substances. The large outlet cross-section of the aerosol nozzle allows larger flow rates. For example, you can work with a much larger flow during the application for a certain amount of time. As flushing medium either the medium to be atomized or a rinsing liquid or a purge gas can be used. These flushing media can either be aspirated or pressurized into the system so that flushing is achieved in all desired areas of the system. Also, the cleaning of the feeders and the Nozzle itself can be done very easily without any mechanical disassembly.

Further features of the invention are contained in the subclaims.

The invention will now be described by way of example with reference to the drawings of preferred embodiments. In the drawings, Fig. 1 shows schematically and partly in longitudinal section a

2 shows an end view of the outlet side of a nozzle head of FIG. 1, FIG. 3 shows schematically a further embodiment of a part of the device of FIG. 1, FIG.

4 shows schematically and partly in longitudinal section a further embodiment of a device according to the invention, FIG. 5 shows schematically and partly in longitudinal section a still further embodiment of a device according to the invention,

6 shows schematically and partly in longitudinal section a further embodiment of a device according to the invention, FIG. 7 shows a particular embodiment of a detail of the embodiments of FIGS. 4 and 5, FIG. 8 shows a detail of yet another embodiment of a detail of the embodiments of FIGS 4 and 5, Fig. 9 schematically and partly in longitudinal section, a still further embodiment of a device according to the invention, Fig. 10 shows a section through the entire annular nozzle with the three nozzle parts inner air ring nozzle, Aerosolringdüse and outer air ring nozzle, 11 shows a section through an annular nozzle with a combined air-aerosol ring nozzle with a conical outer diameter and a matched Luftringdüse, Fig. 12 is a section through an annular nozzle with a conical outer diameter with inner Luftringdüse, Aerosolringdüse and outer air ring nozzle,

13 is a sectional view and the front view of an annular nozzle with a radially disposed air inlet and a jet nozzle, Fig. 14 is the front view and the associated section in side view of a Flachspaltdüse each with a gap for the media outlet and the air outlet, Fig. 15, the front view and the corresponding section in side view of a Flachspaltdüse with three stomata in the order of air, medium, air,

Fig. 16 shows the front view and the corresponding sectional side view of a Flachspaltdüse with five stomata in the order in air medium, air, medium, air, Fig ^'. 17- the front view of a Flachspaltdüse- with three-stomata and front attached and expanding

Outlets per gap in a plan view,

18 and 19 section through a nozzle head as a ring or flat nozzle with different exit shapes of the individual annular nozzles and stomata, Fig. 20 is a drug concentration-time diagram (Kl) according to the inventive method and a

21 shows an end view of the outlet side of a nozzle head with polygonal nozzles. FIG.

The apparatus shown in Fig. 1 for spraying treatment agent (pesticides such as in particular Insecticides, bactericides or Pflananzenbeeinflussungsmittel, pesticides, disinfectants and / or any other active ingredient, such as. B. for odor or anti-static treatment, which is to be atomized) contains a first mixing stage 2 for automatic mixing of

Treatment agent 4 from a treatment agent source 6 with an air stream 8 from the outside air, so that a mixed stream 10 is formed, which contains mixed with the air of the air stream 8 treatment agent 4. The treatment agent source 6 may include a stirring device. A second mixing stage 12 for mixing the mixed stream 10 of the first mixing stage 2 with one or as shown in FIG. 1 two further air streams 14 and 16 is designed as a spray device and for this purpose contains two coaxial air flow nozzle openings 18 and 20 in a nozzle head 24. The radially inner Air flow nozzle opening 20 may be an annular nozzle opening or, according to FIG. 1, a full-opening nozzle opening through which the radially inner coaxial airflow 16 flows. The radially outer air flow nozzle opening 18 is an annular nozzle, from which flows the radially outer air flow as a cross-sectionally annular air flow.

The two airflow nozzle openings 18 and 20 are arranged so close to each other and directed approximately in the same direction that the two outgoing air streams 14 and 16 between them a negative pressure in a limited negative pressure region 22 on the downstream outside of the two air flow Nozzle openings 18 and 20 form. The two mutually coaxial air flow nozzle openings are via a compressed air line 26, preferably with the interposition of a Druckeinstellelementes such as z, B. a pressure regulator 28, with a compressed air source 30 is connected. The compressed air source 30 is preferably a compressor and / or a

Compressed air tank or a gas pressure accumulator. As a result, the two mutually coaxial Luf.ts.tröme 14 and 16 are compressed air jets.

The nozzle head 24 is provided between the mutually coaxial air flow nozzle openings 18 and 20 with a circular cross-sectional mixing flow nozzle opening 32 in the form of an annular nozzle, which opens into the negative pressure region 22. The

Mixed flow nozzle opening 32 is fluidly connected via a fluid line 34 to the first mixing stage 2. The negative pressure generated by the mutually coaxial air streams 14 and 16 in the vacuum region 22 sucks in the first mixing stage 2 an air stream 8 from the outside air and treatment agent 4 together as mixed stream 10 in the upstream beginning 36 of the fluid line 34 and then through this fluid line 34 and through the mixed flow nozzle opening 32 in the negative pressure region 22. The mixed stream 10 is from the air streams 14 and 16 through the

Vacuum area 22 sucked through and taken along, so that the mixed stream 10 and the air streams 14 and 16 together form an aerosol spray 40 or aerosol spray, which is ejected from the nozzle head 24 and can be sprayed directly on plants or vernebelbar by distribution to ein'großes area. The distribution of such a treatment agent mist, which results from the aerosol spray 40 can be supported by a fan 42 by the aerosol spray 40 by means of the blower on a larger area, for example, the entire interior of a greenhouse, a warehouse or the like. Or on a Free area, is distributed. All embodiments of the invention may be used with or without a fan 42 in this manner. For the supply of treatment agent 4 in the upstream beginning 36 of the fluid line 34, there are various possibilities. One of these possibilities is shown in FIG. 1. In the embodiment of FIG. 1, the treating agent source 6 includes a pump 44 for conveying treating agent 4 from a reservoir 46 through a nebulizer 48 which sprays the treating agent 4 into the upstream end 36 of the fluid conduit 34 , The nebulizer 48 may be a nebulizer nozzle or a rotary nebulizer. The throughput (atomized amount of treatment agent) can be adjustable and controllable, for example by valves or means of the rotary atomizer or by the pump.

The mixed stream 10 of the first mixing stage 2 can either be driven through the fluid conduit 34 by expelling the treatment agent 4 from the atomizer 48 with high energy, thereby producing a

Air flow 8 is formed and sucking treatment agent jet, and / or in the manner described above by suction by means of the negative pressure in the vacuum region 22nd

The nebulizer 48 and the upstream end 36 of the fluid conduit 34 may be disposed in an intermediate container 50 having an inlet opening 52 for the airflow 8 from the outside atmosphere.

As shown in FIG. 3, instead of the treatment agent source 6 of FIG. 1, a treatment agent source 6-2 may be used, which has a pressure-resistant reservoir 46-2 and a compressed air source 30 whose pressure side via a pressure line 54 and preferably via a

Pressure adjustment, preferably a pressure regulator 56 is connected to a compressed air inlet 58, which opens above the treatment agent level 60 in the container interior 62 to form therein a compressed air cushion through which treatment means 4 to the atomizer 48 can be pressed. The nozzle head 24 may be the same or similar to the nozzle head known from DE 199 22 435 C2 and DE 100 33 ^' 274 C2 or as described in this document.

In the embodiment of the invention shown in Fig. 4, a compressed air source 30 via a first compressed air line 203, which preferably contains a Druckeinstellelement such as a pressure regulator 205, connected strömunsmäßig with a first mixing stage 202 and via a second pressure line 207, which preferably a Druckeinstellelement for example, includes a pressure regulator 209, fluidly connected to the second mixing stage 212. The second mixing stage 212 is via a mixed flow line 213 with a spray device 224 aerosol applicator, z. B. a spray nozzle for spraying or atomizing a treatment agent-air jet spray 240 connected.

The first mixing stage 202 includes an injector 241 having a delivery fluid inlet 215, a suction port 217, and a mixed flow outlet 219 which intersect in a vacuum chamber defining a vacuum region 221. The delivery fluid inlet 215 is axially opposed to the mixed flow outlet 219. The downstream End of the compressed air line 203 is connected to the delivery fluid inlet 215. The compressed air flow of this compressed air line 203 generates a negative pressure in the negative pressure region 221, by means of which the compressed air flow sucks treatment agent at the suction port 217 and the Mischstromauslass 219 and a connected mixed flow line 223 of the second mixing stage 212, where the mixed stream with a compressed air Air flow of the second compressed air line 207 mixed and then flows as a new mixed flow 270 to the spray device 224 and as

Aerosol spray 240 or aerosol spray from the spray device 224 is discharged.

The treatment agent 4 can be supplied to the negative pressure region 221 via the suction port 217 in various ways. One possibility is to suck the treatment agent by means of the negative pressure in the negative pressure region 221 from a reservoir 246 continuously controllable or durchlassregelbar and continuously fed to the compressed air Luftström. Another possibility is to provide the storage container 246 with a clock device which opens and closes an outlet opening of the storage container 246 only waktwaise, so that the negative pressure of the Unterdurckbereiches 221 can only temporarily absorb treatment agent.

Fig. 5 shows an embodiment which is similar to the embodiment of Fig. 4, but instead of the reservoir 246, a treatment agent source 6 of Fig. 1 and the first mixing stage 2 of Fig. 1 are provided. The first mixing stage 2 of FIG. 1 is fluid in FIG. 5 via a suction tube 334 having the mammalian opening 217 of the injector 241 connected. As a result, in FIG. 5, the injector 241 forms a second mixing stage 302 instead of a first mixing stage 202; and second mixer 212 of FIG. 4 forms a third mixer 312 in FIG.

In all embodiments of the invention, like parts are given the same reference numerals.

The second mixing stage 212 of FIG. 4 and the third mixing stage 312 of FIG. 5 may each also be formed by an injector similar to the injector 241, as shown in FIG. In these embodiments according to FIGS. 4, 5 and 6, the compressed air flow of the second compressed air line 207 has a higher pressure than the mixed flow of the connecting line 223, so that the second compressed air air stream can suck in and take away the mixed stream.

According to the variant shown in FIG. 7, the mixing stage 212 of FIG. 4 and / or the mixing stage 312 of FIG. 5 may be formed by a mixing head 280, in which the compressed air air flow of the second pressure line 207 and the mixed flow of the connection line 223 are brought together become. In this case, one stream or the other stream can have a higher flow energy in order to entrain the respective other stream and to convey to the spray device 224 an aerosol applicator. • • •

In the further embodiment of FIG. 8 according to the invention, the atomizer 48 of the treatment agent source 6 sprays treatment agent 4 into an intermediate container 450. An injector 241 sucks treatment agent 4 from the intermediate container 450 and through a Container air inlet opening 453 an ambient air stream 8 in its negative pressure region 221 by means of a negative pressure, which is generated by a compressed air-air stream 482 a compressed air line 403. The compressed air line 403 is preferably provided with a Druckeinstellelement, such as a pressure regulator 205, and connected to a compressed air source 30 in terms of flow. The Unterdruckbere.ich 221 is through a suction port 217 and a container formed in the intermediate container 450 outlet opening 455 with the interior of the intermediate container 450 in

Flow connection. The mixed flow outlet 219 of the injector 241 is fluidly connected via a mixed flow line 213 with a spray device 224 for spraying the mixed stream 470. The aerosol spray 240 or sprayed aerosol spray sprayed from the sprayer 224, preferably a spray nozzle, contains the ambient air 8 and the pressurized air 482 as well as the treatment means 4. The surge tank 450 together with the tank air inlet 453 and tank outlet 455 forms a first one Treatment agent-air mixing stage 402. The injector 241 forms a second mixing stage 412, in which the first mixed stream 410 consisting of fresh air 8 and treating agent 4 is mixed with the compressed air 482 of the compressed air source 30 to form a second mixed stream 270. The treatment agent 4 has in the intermediate container 450 the state of a spray jet or a spray cloud or a mist.

9 shows an embodiment of the invention, which is a combination of the embodiments of FIGS. 5 and 7, wherein the third mixing stage 312 is followed by a line 213 or a channel by a fourth mixing stage 512, to whose Mischstromauslass 219 via a ^' mixed flow line 513, the spray device 224 is connected. For example, the fourth mixing stage 512 again includes an injector 241 whose delivery fluid inlet 215 is fluidly connected to the mixed flow outlet 219 of the preceding third mixing stage 312. A suction port 217 of the negative pressure portion 221 of the further injector 241 of the fourth mixing stage 512 is in fluid communication with the outside atmosphere to draw therefrom an outside air flow 508 and mix with the mixed flow 270 supplied from the preceding third mixing stage 312 to form a new mixed flow 570. which is sprayed by the atomizing device 224 in the form of an aerosol spray 240 or aerosol spray. In Fig. 9, the spray 240 is directed against a plant 590. In Fig. 9, the parts corresponding to parts of Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 are provided with like reference numerals.

The inventive method for rapid production of a very stable aerosol, made possible by the nozzle according to the invention and the device, is characterized in that means of a nozzle sufficient drug concentration for the control of pests, for plant protection, disinfection or fertilization in the form of a very stable aerosol with a long suspension period in liquid or dust or powder form over a given area is generated before the degradation of the active ingredients of the aerosol begins. In this case, once a given time unit T1, a sufficient active substance concentration can be generated by application of the active substance in the form of an aerosol and this active substance concentration until the start of the active ingredient degradation T2 be kept almost constant by further aerosol until the time T2 is generated or that only in a given time unit Tl a sufficient drug concentration is generated by application of the drug in the form of an aerosol, then set the application of the drug and this drug concentration until the beginning of the Drug reduction T2 is kept almost constant only by the very fine aerosol generation. On the basis of the characteristic curves shown in FIG. 18, the differences of the methods according to the conventional manner K2 and according to the method Kl according to the invention are very clearly visible. Conventional methods do not achieve the very high active substance concentration in a short time as in the method according to the invention. All process variants work ^' preferably with compressed air with pressure values between 0.8 bar to 10 bar, wherein the compressed air exits at the annular nozzle via a separate Luftringdüse 601 adjacent the Aerosolringdüse 603. The pressure values can be under or exceeded in specific applications. For several episodes of air ring nozzle 601,

Aerosol ring nozzle 603 and air ring nozzle 606, aerosol ring nozzle 603, air ring nozzle 606, etc., the last outer nozzle can also work with a compressed air pressure less than 0.8 bar.

For the production of the very stable aerosol with a long suspension period, two different nozzles are proposed. "One is an annular nozzle and the other a flat-gap nozzle, each with different design variants.

The structure of the complete annular nozzle, consisting of an inner Luftringdüse 601, an underlying Aerosolringdüse 603 and in turn around the Aerosolringdüse 603 lying outer Luftringdüse 606 is characterized by the following details. The inner air ring nozzle 601 has the shape of a hollow cylinder with a collar 602nd The Collar 602 is located on the side of the air inlet 608 for the compressed air and carries the Aerosolringdüse 603. The inner diameter of the inner air ring nozzle 601 tapers after the collar 602 at least twice. In other embodiments, only a taper or no taper is present. Shortly before the exit plane A, the inner diameter widens again. This widening simultaneously forms the gap formation for the annular outlet gap for the aerosol medium of the aerosol ring nozzle 603. The gap opening in the exemplary embodiment is approximately 1 mm, but may also be chosen to be substantially larger or smaller. This will be particularly the case when due to the aerosol medium to be sprayed a clogging of the nozzle column is to be expected.

The aerosol ring nozzle 603 is held at the collar 602 of the inner air ring nozzle 6 ^' Ol and ^' a subsequent thick-walled, hollow-cylindrical part of the inner Luftringdüse 601. The aerosol ring nozzle 603 has in its rear region, at the end of the supporting part of the inner air ring nozzle 601, an inlet opening 605 for the aerosol medium. After the inflow opening 605, the inner diameter of the Aerosolringdüse 603 tapers. This inner diameter keeps the Aerosolringdüse 603 up to the exit level A at. However, deviations are also possible here. As already described above, the slit-shaped opening of the aerosol ring nozzle 603 is replaced by the shape of the inner. Air ring nozzle 601 formed. Above a portion of the aerosol ring nozzle 603 is the hollow cylindrical outer air ring nozzle 606 held by the collar 604 of the aerosol ring nozzle 603. The inner diameter of the outer Luftringdüse 606 does not change up to the region of the exit plane A. Only here is the outer wall in Directed aerosol ring nozzle 603 and thereby forms an annular nozzle opening. On the outer circumference of the outer air ring nozzle 606, a thread is mounted near the exit plane A, which carries a sleeve 609. At the other end of the outer periphery, an air inlet 607 is provided. This sleeve 609 is replaceable and adjustable by the thread or exchangeable. The sleeve 609 may have a variety of opening widths, z. B. in the form of a widening or narrowing cone or only as a straight hollow cylinder. By the different ones

Apertures are achieved a variety of effects in aerosol formation, such as concentrated jet, turbulence, etc. The sleeve 609 may also be spaced by suitable brackets from the exit plane A. In this case, there is between the sleeve 609 and the

Exit plane A is a gap. This measure also influences the strength of aerosol formation.

The three-division in the annular nozzle inner Luftringdüse 601 ^{Aerosolringdüs'} s 603 and outer 606 -Lu'ftringdüse actual also visible on the outer circumference. The outlet openings of all three nozzle parts are normally in one plane, the so-called exit plane A. However, this can also be deviated. Moreover, it is also conceivable that the function of the individual nozzles are exchanged, ie one

Aerosol ring nozzle 603 takes over the function of a Luftringdüse 601 or 606 and vice versa. Furthermore, the number of outlet rings or the sequence Luftringdüse 601, 60a Aerosolringdüse, Luftringdüse 606, 608 Aerosolringdüse and Luftringdüse 606. As desired expandable. The inner Luftringdüse 601 and / or the outer Luftringdüse 606 may each have means for generating a Lufttrotation or vortex formation in their inner spaces. These can be thread-like arranged lamellae, material bulges or also in the outer air ring nozzle 606 a spiral laid pipe. The air inlet 607 may also be arranged radially and terminate in a jet nozzle 612. Thus, air rotation already occurs inside the outer air ring nozzle 606. The air outlet from the Luftringdüse 606 also continues to act.

In a variant, the inner air ring nozzle 601 and the aerosol ring nozzle 603 may be combined to form a common air-aerosol ring nozzle 610. The aerosol medium inflow port 605 is located at the outer periphery and the air inlet 608 is at the opposite end of the nozzle exit. Between the air inlet 608 and the inlet opening 605, an injector nozzle 613 may be arranged. By this arrangement, the injector effect increases. The outer periphery of the air-aerosol ring nozzle 610 tapers conically towards the nozzle exit. The outer air ring nozzle 606 is adapted to this shape. The distance between the outer wall of the air-Äeros ^'olringdüse 610 and' inner wall of the outer Luftringdüse 606 is up to the air exit slots 611 almost constant over the entire nozzle length, and can also be means for generating an air rotation or vortex formation as contained described above.

Similar to the ring nozzles are the rectangular or

Polygon nozzles constructed. In a large number of corners, the shape of the individual nozzle changes into a ring. Also with this Embodiment is z. B. a three-parting of the nozzle in the inner air ring nozzle 601, 608 Aerosolringdüse and outer air ring nozzle 606 is provided.

The structure of the flat-gap nozzle is provided by horizontal stomata for compressed air 102 and for the aerosol medium

101 marked. At least one respective gap opening for compressed air 102 and a gap opening for the aerosol medium 101 in the flat-gap nozzle are provided.

However, more advantageous nozzle body 103 with three stomata, wherein two stomata for the compressed air

102, a gap opening for the aerosol medium 101 surrounded. The upper side 104 and the lower side 105 protrude beyond the web between the two stomata 101 and 102. The

Top 104 and bottom 105 may be slidably disposed as a slider 104 to make this projection of the web between the stomata 101 and 102 variable. This influences the exit of the aerosol. Instead of a displaceable upper side 104 and lower side 105, all sides or only the upper side 104 and the lower side 105 can be provided with additional slides 104. However, fixed veneers 106 may also be provided on the outer sides. This also affects the exit of the aerosol.

The number of stomata 101 and 102 may also be increased, ie several stomata for the compressed air 102 alternate with stomata for the aerosol medium 101. Before the stomata 101 and 102 may still flat, rectangular nozzle register 107 may be arranged, which expand laterally outwards and thus each form a widened gap opening 108. The nozzle register 107 thus has a flat trumpet shape. However, it is also possible a reverse execution, ie that the nozzle registers are tapered.

Ring nozzles and flat gap nozzles can have a wide variety of exit shapes at the exit plane A. In Fig. 18 and 19 a variety of forms are shown. In Fig. 18, the following shapes are shown from top to bottom. A streamline inside, then evenly tapering, further a broken outer edge, an inner flow guide and outside uniformly opening, followed by a parallel exit plane, but which is different from the nozzle longitudinal axis. In Fig. 19, the following shapes are shown from top to bottom. Also, a streamline guide inside, then a one-sided guide, followed by smoothly or unevenly rounded

Exit edges and different angles to each other, narrowing the opening at the top and widening the opening at the bottom.

In all embodiments of the invention, it has been assumed that the treatment agent 4 is a liquid which consists only of one active ingredient or of a mixture of active ingredient and a little water or other additives. In place of water and other carriers are conceivable, such. For example, oil. The use of oil is intended especially in warmer regions to control grasshoppers, since the rapid evaporation of water to oil is negative here. However, the invention is also suitable for mixing powdered treatment agent with one or more air streams and for spraying or atomizing such a mixed stream in a plant area, either in a greenhouse or on a field surface. In each mixing stage, the treatment agent is diluted by the amount of air supplied in each case.

Each of the described embodiments of the invention is preferably installed on a vehicle or aircraft during field-handling to handle large areas during travel. The vehicle may be a human-wheeled wheeled vehicle or an engine-powered wheeled vehicle or vessel or hovercraft another type of movable support, for example a cable car.

The claims relate to examples of preferred embodiments of the invention. However, the invention also relates to the use of each individual feature and sub-combinations of features which in the

Claims, the description and / or the drawings are disclosed.

Instead of air in the process at any time another gas, eg. As CO _{2 can be used} as a plant food or any gas mixture.

The liquids are also liquids with a very high consistency conceivable. Compilation of the reference numerals

2 - first mixing stage 4 - treatment means 6 - treatment agent source 8 - air stream 10 - mixed stream 14 - outside air stream 16 - inside air stream 18 - outside jet opening

20 - inner nozzle opening 22 - negative pressure area 24 - nozzle head

26 - Compressed air line 28 - Pressure regulator

30 - Compressed air source

32 - Mixed flow nozzle opening

34 - fluid line

36 - Start of fluid line 40 - Aerosol spray

42 - blower 44 - pump

46 - reservoir 48 - atomizer 50 - intermediate reservoir 52 - inlet port 54 - pressure line 56 - pressure regulator 58 - compressed air inlet 60 - level of treatment agent

62 - container interior

101 - gap opening for the aerosol medium

102 - gap opening for the compressed air

103 - Nozzle body 104 - top of the nozzle body, slide

105 - Bottom of the nozzle body

106 - Veneering on the nozzle body 107 - nozzle register

108 - widened gap opening

202 - first mixing stage

203 - first compressed air line 205 - pressure regulator

207 - second compressed air line 209 - pressure regulator

212 - second mixing stage

213 - Mixed flow line 215 - Delivery fluid inlet

217 - suction port 219 - mixed flow outlet 221 - negative pressure area

223 - Mixed flow line / connecting line 240 - Treatment agent air stream spray jet / aerosol jet 241 - Injector 601 - Inner air ring nozzle 602 - Bund 603 - Aerosol ring nozzle 604 - Bund

605 - inflow opening

606 - outer air ring nozzle

607 - Air intake

608 - Air inlet 609 - Sleeve

610 - Air aerosol ring nozzles

611 - Air outlet ring

612 - Injection nozzle

613 - injector nozzle A - exit plane A

Claims

claims

A method of mixing treating agent with air and spraying the air-treating agent mixture, wherein the liquid or solid treating agent is a

Pesticides, plant-controlling agents, pesticides, disinfectants, fertilizers and / or any other active substance, which contains at least one active ingredient for this, characterized in that the treatment agent is introduced in a first mixing stage in an air stream and distributed in the transverse flow that the first formed from Mixed stream is fed through a fluid line at least one or more successively more mixing stages, that in this further mixing stage or in these other mixing stages respectively the respective mixed stream is introduced into a further air flow and distributed in the transverse flow to form a respective new mixed stream, and that the last Mixed stream in the form of an aerosol is sprayed on or in a field of application.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that in the last mixing stage by means of two of said further air streams, two coaxially arranged air jets are generated while a negative pressure region is formed between these air jets, in which the two air jets together generate a negative pressure according to the jet pump principle, and that the mixed flow of the penultimate mixing stage between the two to each other Coaxial air jets is passed into the negative pressure area and is then absorbed by these two air jets, so that the two air jets and the mixed stream taken by them together form an aerosol spray or aerosol spray.

3. The process of claim 1, wherein the mixed stream of the last mixing stage is passed to a spray device for spraying the mixed stream, wherein an aerosol spray or an aerosol spray is sprayed by means of the spray device.

4. The method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in at least one of the mixing stages, a compressed air stream is used as an air stream.

5. The method according to at least one of the preceding

It is claimed that in at least one of the mixing stages, a suction air flow is used as the air flow.

6. Method according to at least one of the preceding

Claims, that in the first mixing stage, the treatment agent in the first mixing stage continuously, flow-controlled or intermittently in the

Air flow of the first mixing stage is introduced.

7. A device for mixing treatment agent with air and for spraying the air-treatment agent mixture, wherein the liquid or solid treatment agent is a plant protection agent, plant control agents, pesticides, disinfectants, fertilizers and / or any other active substance containing at least one active ingredient therefor characterized by a first mixing stage (2; 202, -402) for automatically mixing treatment agent (4) from one

Treatment agent source (6) with an air flow, so that a mixed flow is formed, which contains mixed with the air of the air flow treatment agent; at least one further mixing stage (12; 212; 302; 312; 512) or successively several ^' further mixing stages each for mixing the "

Mixed stream of the respective preceding mixing stage with a further air stream to form a respective new mixed stream, wherein all mixing stages by a fluid line (34; 223, -334, 455, -213) are interconnected for the respective mixed stream; and in that a spray device (224) is fluidly connected to the last mixer stage or the last mixer stage is designed as a spray device (24) to supplement an aerosol spray jet or an aerosol spray spray. ■ • •. , ,

8. Device according to claim 7, characterized in that at least one of the mixing stages (12; 202; 212; 302; 312; 412) has a compressed air inlet (26, -215) for compressed air from a compressed air source (30) for forming a compressed air stream as an air stream Has mixing stage.

9. Device according to at least one of claims 7 or 8, characterized in that at least one of the mixing stages (2) has a suction air line (34; 334, -455) for a suction air stream as the air flow of this mixing stage, and that one of these mixing stage (2) downstream mixing stage _(302/412) comprises an injector (241) having a compressed air inlet (215) for a stream of compressed air from a compressed air source (30) as the air flow of this mixing stage, and a suction opening (217) forming, or the upstream end of the suction air so that fluidly wherein the compressed air inlet (215) and the suction opening (217) open into a negative pressure region (221) of the injector, in which the compressed air air flow generates a negative pressure.

10. The device according to at least one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that the last mixing stage (12) "as a spraying device (24) is formed and for this purpose has two coaxial air flow nozzle openings (18,20) for two of said further air streams, wherein these air jet nozzle orifices are arranged so close to one another that the two air jets (14, 26) emanating therefrom form a negative pressure in a limited negative pressure region (22) between them, that the fluid line (34) from the penultimate mixing stage (2 ) through a mixed flow nozzle opening (32) between the zueinender coaxial air flow nozzle openings (18.20_) in the negative pressure region (22) opens, wherein the mixed stream (10) of the penultimate mixing stage (2) in the negative pressure region (22) is passed and is taken from there by the two air jets (14,16) and together with these a new Mixed stream (40) in the form of an aerosol spray or an aerosol spray forms.

11. A method for the rapid production of an aerosol, by means of liquid dispersions or powdery substances, in particular for pest control, crop protection, disinfection and fertilization, d a d e r c h e c e n e s in that a sufficient active substance concentration in the form of a very stable

Aerosols with very different liquid contents is produced up to a liquid-free aerosol with a long suspension period over a given area in a very short time and only until the degradation of the active ingredients of the aerosol or mist begins.

12. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that in a given time unit Tl a sufficient active substance concentration by application of the active ingredient in

Form of an aerosol with very different liquid fractions is generated until a liquid-free aerosol with a long suspension period -wird and this drug concentration is kept almost constant until the beginning of drug reduction T2.

13. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that only in a predetermined time unit T1 is a sufficient active substance concentration by application of the

Active ingredient is produced in the form of an aerosol with very different proportions of liquid to a liquid-free aerosol with a long suspension period, then set the application of the drug and this drug concentration until the beginning of drug reduction T2 is kept almost constant only by the very fine aerosol or mist generation.

14. Ring nozzle for rapid generation of an aerosol, in particular for pest control, the

Plant protection, disinfection and fertilization, characterized in that an inner Luftringdüse (601) in the form of a hollow cylinder with a collar (602) carries an Aerosolringdüse (603) with a collar (604) and an inlet opening (605) for the aerosol medium on the outer circumference which in turn carries an outer air ring nozzle (606) with an air inlet (607) on the outer surface, all the nozzles (601, 603 and 606) terminating in an exit plane A.

15. Annular nozzle according to claim 14, characterized in that a displaceable or rotatable and exchangeable sleeve (609) is arranged on the outer circumference of the outer air-ring nozzle (606), which individually comprises the most different ones

Have opening widths such. B. in the form of a widening or narrowing cone or as a hollow cylinder.

16. Ring nozzle according to one of the preceding claims 14 and

15, that is, that the sleeve (609) is spaced from the exit plane A to the front

Ring nozzle is arranged with suitable spacers so that a gap between the exit plane A and the sleeve (609) is variable in size.

17. Ring nozzle according to one of the preceding claims 14 to 16, characterized in that the inner Luftringdüse (601) at the opposite end of the exit plane A an air inlet (608) and even before the inflow opening (605) an injector nozzle (613) and in the interior means for generating a Luftrotation or a vortex, such. B. has thread-like arranged air ducts or Materialausbuchtungen.

18. The annular nozzle according to one of the preceding claims 14 to 17, in that the inner air ring nozzle (601) tapers several times in the inner diameter in the direction of the exit plane A and widens in the region of the exit plane A.

19. The annular nozzle according to one of the preceding claims 14 to 18, in which the aerosol ring nozzle (603) tapers in the inner diameter shortly after the inflow opening (605), then the

Inner diameter until just before the exit plane A maintains and then passes into a gap.

20. Ring nozzle according to one of the preceding claims 14 to 19, characterized in that the inner diameter of the outer Luftringdüse (606) is constant except for a Luftaustrittring (611) between the Aerosolringdüse (603) and the outer Luftringdüse (606) in the exit plane A and in the interior means for Generation of an air rotation or a vortex, such. B. thread-like arranged air ducts, Materialausbuchtungen or a spirally laid pipe has and the air inlet (607) is designed radially with a Einstrahldüse (612).

21. Ring nozzle according to claim 14, characterized in that the inner Luftringdüse (601) and the Aerosolringdüse (603) are combined to form a common Luft- Aerosolringdüse (610) and the inlet opening (605) for the aerosol medium on the outer circumference and the air inlet (608) is located at the opposite end of the nozzle exit.

22. Ring nozzle according to claim 21, characterized in that the air-Aerosolringdüse (610) tapers in the direction of the nozzle outlet on the outer circumference and the outer Luftringdüse {606) is adapted to this shape, wherein the distance between the outer wall Luft-Aerosolringdüse (610) and inner wall Outer air ring nozzle (606) is almost constant up to the air outlet gap (611) over the entire nozzle length.

23. Ring nozzle according to claim 21 and 22, characterized in that in the air-Aerosolringdüse (610) and / or in the outer Luftringdüse (606) in the interior means for generating a Lufttrotation or a vortex such. B. thread-like arranged lamellae, material bulges or a spirally laid tube are arranged.

24. Ring nozzle according to one of the preceding claims 14 to 23, d a d u r c h e c e n e z e i c h e s that the nozzle openings in the exit plane A from a sequence of holes in circular form.

25. The annular nozzle according to one of the preceding claims 14 to 24, in which the number of nozzle openings is greater than three, that is

Media outlet per nozzle opening is designed variable, each nozzle opening with its own 'pressure and flow' is occupied, the last outer nozzle opening can be charged with a pressure less than 0.8 bar and the nozzle openings are in different exit levels.

26. Rectangular or polygonal nozzle for the rapid production of an aerosol, in particular for pest control, crop protection, disinfection and fertilization, according to one of the embodiments according to claim 14 to 25, d a c d e c e c e s n e c e s t e, which. individual .Düsenöffnungen .in the exit plane A form a rectangle or polygon.

27. Flachspaltdüse for rapid generation of an aerosol, in particular for pest control, plant protection, disinfection and fertilization, characterized in that a horizontal gap opening for compressed air (102) over a horizontal gap opening for the aerosol medium (101) within the nozzle body (103 ), wherein the top (104) and the bottom (105) over the Bridge between the two stomata (101 and 102) protrude.

28. The flat-gap nozzle according to claim 27, wherein the upper side or all sides are or are designed as slides or all sides have on their outer surface slides or solid veneers.

29. A flat gap nozzle according to claim 27 and 28, characterized in that between the top (104) and the bottom (105) a plurality of stomata for compressed air (102) and gap opening for the ^' aerosol medium (101) are each arranged alternately.

30. The flat-gap nozzle according to claim 27, wherein a rectangular, rectangular nozzle register (107) is arranged in front of the gap openings (101, 102), which laterally widens outwards and thus forms a widened gap opening (108).

31. Ring nozzle according to claim 14 to 25, rectangular or

Polygonal nozzle according to claim 26 and flat-gap nozzle according to claim

27 to 30, characterized in that the exit form of the ring or polygonal nozzles or the stomata at the exit plane A have the most varied shape, such as streamline inside, evenly tapered, broken, uniform or irregular rounded outlet edge, inner flow guide and outside evenly opening, parallel exit plane but different from the nozzle longitudinal axis, one-sided leadership and different angles to each other.