EP1843084B1 - Teilweise eingebaute Einbauleuchte - Google Patents

Teilweise eingebaute Einbauleuchte Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1843084B1
EP1843084B1 EP07105318A EP07105318A EP1843084B1 EP 1843084 B1 EP1843084 B1 EP 1843084B1 EP 07105318 A EP07105318 A EP 07105318A EP 07105318 A EP07105318 A EP 07105318A EP 1843084 B1 EP1843084 B1 EP 1843084B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
luminaire
light
cover
ceiling
housing
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Application number
EP07105318A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1843084A1 (de
Inventor
Richard Turner
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Flowil International Lighting Holding BV
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Flowil International Lighting Holding BV
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Publication of EP1843084A1 publication Critical patent/EP1843084A1/de
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V5/00—Refractors for light sources
    • F21V5/02—Refractors for light sources of prismatic shape
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S8/00—Lighting devices intended for fixed installation
    • F21S8/02—Lighting devices intended for fixed installation of recess-mounted type, e.g. downlighters
    • F21S8/026—Lighting devices intended for fixed installation of recess-mounted type, e.g. downlighters intended to be recessed in a ceiling or like overhead structure, e.g. suspended ceiling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V3/00—Globes; Bowls; Cover glasses
    • F21V3/02—Globes; Bowls; Cover glasses characterised by the shape
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V7/00—Reflectors for light sources
    • F21V7/0008—Reflectors for light sources providing for indirect lighting
    • F21V7/0016—Reflectors for light sources providing for indirect lighting on lighting devices that also provide for direct lighting, e.g. by means of independent light sources, by splitting of the light beam, by switching between both lighting modes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V25/00—Safety devices structurally associated with lighting devices
    • F21V25/12—Flameproof or explosion-proof arrangements
    • F21V25/125—Flameproof or explosion-proof arrangements using intumescent material, i.e. using materials which swells up as a result of heat exposure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21W—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
    • F21W2131/00—Use or application of lighting devices or systems not provided for in codes F21W2102/00-F21W2121/00
    • F21W2131/40—Lighting for industrial, commercial, recreational or military use
    • F21W2131/402—Lighting for industrial, commercial, recreational or military use for working places
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2103/00—Elongate light sources, e.g. fluorescent tubes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2103/00—Elongate light sources, e.g. fluorescent tubes
    • F21Y2103/30—Elongate light sources, e.g. fluorescent tubes curved

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an improved semi-recessed luminaire, which is aimed, for example, at the office environment to meet the latest lighting standards.
  • the luminaire provides greater illumination for the ceiling and walls than conventional luminaires intended to satisfy the requirements of Lighting Guide 3.
  • Luminaires that fit in place of a ceiling tile in a suspended ceiling have been known for some time. These are typically in the form a metal housing in which one or more fluorescent lamps are fitted. The lamps are usually hidden from view with a cover that extends over the lower surface. This might be in the form of a louvre or diffuser panel.
  • the luminaire includes all the circuitry required to feed power from a lighting circuit to the individual lamps. Usually a range of louvres, straight or parabolic reflectors, diffuser panels and / or shielding panels are provided in the luminaire to modify the light output of the fluorescent lamps so as to create the desired lighting effect. For example, these might be arranged to direct light to particular regions below the luminaire or reduce glare to avoid reflections on computer screens.
  • LG3 Cat 2 traditionally has been the lighting standard that manufacturers have tried to meet for lighting office environments. LG3 was first published in 1989 and covered the lighting of spaces with visual display units. It was then updated in 1996 taking into account Health & Safety DSE regulations. The recommendations within the document meant that luminance levels had to be kept to less than 200 cd/m 2 (candelas per square metre) at elevations above 65° where negative polarity software was in use. This could be raised to 500 cd/m 2 or 1500 cd/m 2 for positive polarity software and flat screens with anti-reflection coatings.
  • LG7 Office Lighting. This incorporates and updates the earlier LG3 guide for display screen use.
  • Lighting Guide 7 Office lighting (New recommendations for wall and ceiling illuminance) provides recommendations to address the dark and gloomy effect that can be created by Cat 2 louvres and reflectors. In order to avoid sharp ceiling cut-offs and bright scallops it stated the following:
  • the LG7 standard is generally achieved by using a mixture of products, for example, downlighters in the ceiling to provide general downward light and up-lighters on the walls to provide light on the ceiling.
  • Task-lights are often provided on the desks (the working plane) to increase light locally where it is required. See Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings.
  • the light sources tend to be mounted below the recessed housing of the luminaire and arranged to direct light upwards against a reflector in the luminaire.
  • the light sources are suspended below the housing in a 'gondola', but in other examples the rigid structure of the luminaire has been adapted to mount the light sources in this suspended arrangement.
  • light sources are arranged within the recessed housing, i.e., above the level of the suspended ceiling, and special features are provided to try to direct light to the adjacent walls and the ceiling at a level below the glare limit.
  • WO 2005/015078 A describes a semi-recessed luminaire comprising:
  • the present invention claims a semi-recessed luminaire wherein the prisms are arranged at slightly different angles to spread the illumination coming from the refraction of the light through the prisms and to create a more even lighting effect.
  • the light-deflecting features are triangular prisms having one side that is substantially perpendicular to a side of the cover, one side provided by the side of the cover and a hypotenuse which constitutes the lower side.
  • light incident on either an upper and / or a lower side of the triangular prisms is caused to refract and deviate in its path through the cover.
  • the plurality of prisms may also provide a plurality of reflecting surfaces which are angled to reflect light incident from the light source or reflector (or from generally within the luminaire) towards a region of the ceiling to the side of the luminaire.
  • a reflecting surface may be provided by an upper surface of the prism.
  • a combination of refraction and reflection is preferably used to lead to the overall lighting effect of the luminaire.
  • the average wall illuminance above the working plane, from both direct and indirect components is at least 50% of the average horizontal illuminance on a working plane arranged below the luminaire.
  • no one wall making up this average figure would be less than 30% of the average horizontal illuminance on the working plane. Any changes in illuminance on the walls are preferably gradual. This helps the walls to avoid appearing gloomy and oppressive.
  • the average illuminance on the ceiling is at least 30% of the average horizontal illuminance across the working plane. This improves the brightness of the ceiling area and adds to the feeling of a more pleasant working environment.
  • the luminaire's luminance is close to but preferably below 1500 cd/m 2 at locations above the elevation of 65° from the vertical, to avoid bright scallops or patches appearing on the walls that might be seen reflected in display screens.
  • This luminance limit preferably applies to both ceiling and walls.
  • the luminaire also generates an illuminance of at least 200 lux on a working plane arranged below the luminaire (the minimum level set by HSE for permanently occupied areas) and preferably achieves an illuminance of between 300 to 500 lux on the working plane so that it is appropriate for screen or paper based tasks.
  • the luminaire is able to meet all of the above requirements in a typical office or other domestic or commercial environment and thereby achieve compliance with LG7.
  • the light deflecting features are provided by an array of prisms arranged on the internal surface of the side of the cover, in particular triangular prisms. These have the advantage that they can be formed easily during an extrusion process. Providing them on the internal surface of the cover means that they are shielded from dust which might deteriorate performance.
  • the light deflecting features comprise triangular prisms having an upper surface that is inclined at an angle of 5° or more to the horizontal but not more than 30°. In the most preferred embodiments they are arranged to be between 10° and 22°, and most preferably the average angle is about 16° to the horizontal ( ⁇ 3°) to provide the best illumination of the ceiling and walls.
  • the triangular prism is substantially a right angled triangular prism with the upper surface provided by a perpendicular side and the lower surface defining the hypotenuse.
  • the included angle at the apex between the upper and lower surfaces is between 42° and 52°, more preferably 45° and 49° and most preferably around 47°.
  • the lower surface of the prism is angled at between 15° and 47° to the horizontal, more preferably between 20° and 42°, yet more preferably between 25° and 37°, and most preferably between 28° and 34°.
  • the most preferred angle is around 31° to the horizontal.
  • prism and lens are envisaged which can deflect light through the 20° to 50° required to create an even illumination of the ceiling are also possible and envisaged within the present invention.
  • the side of the cover bows outwardly so that it extends beyond the footprint of the housing. This provides not only a more elegant and distinctive appearance, but also shields the edge of the luminaire housing from view where it fits into the ceiling.
  • the lower surface of the cover has a curved profile and the side of the cover descends smoothly from the housing to join the edge of this lower surface.
  • This profile allows LG7 compliance to be achieved in rooms with normal ceiling heights and reflectances as well as giving the luminaire a distinctive and modern appearance.
  • the extent of the structure which extends from the ceiling is minimal and should not interfere with sprinkler spray patterns.
  • the lower surface and side of the cover are co-extruded to provide a cover member.
  • the cover member covers substantially half of the opening of the housing. This has the advantage of allowing manufacturing tolerance in the extrusion process (up to 6%) to be taken up with a portion of frame or a central panel located in the middle of the luminaire.
  • a single piece cover is provided to cover the entire lower surface of the housing.
  • the luminaire uses existing linear fluorescent lamps as the light source.
  • the present invention it is possible to provide a working environment that is better lit than with the traditional LG3 Cat luminaires, but with using half the number of fluorescent lamps or fewer, for example, one or two lamps arranged centrally within the luminaire (e.g., a single 55 W lamp). This reduces the operating cost of the luminaire.
  • light may be provided by a combination of a downlight 1, which is mounted in the ceiling 2 to transmit light onto a working plane 3, and a wall light 4 arranged to illuminate the ceiling 2 and bounce light into the room, thereby also illuminating the walls.
  • the downlight 1, for example, could be a LG3 luminaire generating no glare above an elevation of 65° from the vertical.
  • the wall light 4 will also generate no glare within this elevation. If required, additional light can be provided using a task light 5 provided on the working plane 3.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a preferred embodiment of the luminaire 10 of the present invention.
  • the luminaire 10 comprises a housing 12, which is in the form of a box open to its underside, and a cover 14 which conceals the contents of the housing 12 from the observer and reduces glare from the light source (not shown in the figure).
  • the housing 12 has sides 16 and a top 18 which define an enclosure for the contents of the luminaire 10.
  • the luminaire 10 is recessed into a space within the ceiling 2, which will be typically a suspended ceiling.
  • the luminaire 10 is preferably of a size corresponding to a standard size of ceiling tile, so that the luminaire 10 can be fitted in place of a ceiling tile.
  • Figure 2 shows a square luminaire 10, which might be used for a 600 x 600 mm opening, for example, and
  • Figure 4 shows a variation on this of a rectangular luminaire 10, which could be used for a 1200 x 600 mm opening.
  • the dimensions of the housing preferably allow the luminaire 10 to be fitted in place of existing LG3 units.
  • the housing 12 is not limited to the shapes and sizes mentioned above and could be of any appropriate shape and size so long as it fits within a corresponding recess of a ceiling 2.
  • the housing 12 could be made to fit within a triangular or hexagonal hole, or be sized to fit within a dimension of 300 mm or 500 mm, if these became popular.
  • the sides 16 of the housing 12 could define a different shape to the cover 14, so long as it does not interfere with the adjacent ceiling tiles of the suspended ceiling.
  • the housing 12 could be circular and have only one side 16 and a top 18, triangular and have three sides 16 and a top 18, hexagonal and have six sides 16 and a top 18, etc..
  • the walls 16 and top 18 of the luminaire 10 will be recessed within the void above the suspended ceiling 2.
  • a lower edge of the sides 16 is preferably provided with a lip 20 that can abut flush against the surface of the ceiling 2.
  • the lip 20 is preferably decorative to hide any gaps around the sides 16 of the luminaire 10, but could also provide some structural function in terms of making the housing stiffer and for fixing the luminaire 10 in the ceiling 2.
  • the lip 20 might also conceal a layer of intumescent material (not shown) for improving the fire rating of the luminaire, or a moisture seal (not shown) to prevent moisture from being drawn up into the ceiling void around the side of the luminaire 10.
  • Additional fixing means for example, in the form of adjustable plates 22, may be provided on opposite sides 16 of the housing 12 to mount the luminaire 10 within the ceiling 2.
  • the cover 14 is sized at its upper edge 24 to correspond to a ceiling tile opening, and hence corresponds to the opening of the housing 12.
  • the lower edge 26 of the cover 14 preferably extends beyond the footprint of the opening, for example, for a distance corresponding to the dimensions of the lip 20 at least along two opposed edges, as shown in Figure 3c .
  • the cover 14 extends downwards from the surface of the ceiling 2 and preferably has a curved concave profile when viewed from the side, the curvature following an arc of constant radius R.
  • the underside of the cover 14 provides the primary light-transmitting surface 28 and the sides providing the secondary light-transmitting surface 30 (as will be explained in more detail below).
  • the curve might be parabolic or wavy. It might be straight in cross-section, for example, as a square or rectangular box-like cover 14.
  • the profile might approximate to a curve using straight lines, for example, to provide two shallow triangular regions.
  • the cover 14 might appear from below as a shallow cylinder (almost disc-like) with a flat, concave or convex bottom.
  • the primary light-transmitting surface would be circular and the secondary light-transmitting surface would the cylindrical wall extending around the circumference.
  • the cover 14 might be asymmetric. Indeed a variety of shapes for the cover 14 are possible. The main criterion is that the cover 14 should allow the luminaire 10 to achieve LG7 compliance with the appropriate light source and positioning in the room (given normal ceiling heights and reflectance).
  • the cover 14 has a primary light-transmitting surface 28 provided by the lower surface of the cover 14 which allows light to be transmitted from the light source in a downwards direction to illuminate a working plane 3 arranged below the luminaire 10.
  • the cover 14 also has a secondary light-transmitting surface 30 arranged to allow light from the light source to escape in a sideways direction to illuminate the ceiling 2 and vertical walls 6.
  • Figure 2 shows how the primary light-transmitting surface 28 is preferably made of sections having different light-transmitting properties.
  • the left and right curved rectangular faces 32 and 34 of the lower surface of the cover 14 are preferably made of one material or have one set of optical properties, and the central rectangular panel 36 is of a different material or has been processed to have different optical properties, as shall be discussed in more detail below.
  • the secondary light-transmitting surface 30 is preferably also made up of different sections having a variety of orientations and optical properties, for example side panel 38 and the substantially triangular (the hypotenuse is curved with a radius of R) in-fill panel 40, which all assist in transmitting light as part of the secondary light-transmitting surface 30.
  • Figures 4 and 5a to 5c show a variation on the luminaire 10 having a substantially rectangular outline.
  • the same reference numbers are used for like parts in Figures 2 and 3a to 3c .
  • Figure 6 illustrates the embodiment of the luminaire 10 of Figure 2 now shown in cross-section. It is shown semi-recessed in the ceiling 2 of a room above a working plane 3. The elevation of 65° from the vertical is marked on the figure, above which glare is not permitted. It can be seen from this diagram how light transmitted purely in accordance with LG3 Cat 2 (i.e., with no light transmitted via the secondary light-transmitting surface) would only illuminate the lower region of a vertical wall 6 and create gloomy patches of darkness on the ceiling 2.
  • the cover 14 for the luminaire 10 has been modified so that light is also directed sideways and upwards towards the ceiling 2, in order to illuminate the walls and ceiling.
  • the secondary light-transmitting surface 30 is provided with a plurality of features to deflect light (through refraction or reflection) incident from the light source 42 or reflector 44 towards a region of the ceiling 2 which is to the side of the luminaire 10.
  • the majority of the light will have been first reflected by a reflector 44, preferably a parabolic reflector, arranged above the light source 42 at the top 18 of the housing 12. However some of the light may have come direct from the light source 42 prior to being incident on a light-deflecting feature of the secondary light-transmitting surface 30.
  • Figure 7a shows the preferred luminaire 10 in cross-section and in more detail.
  • the cross-section corresponds to both the square and rectangular luminaires 10 shown in Figures 2 and 4 .
  • the housing 12 provides a box for a standard collection of electrical components 46.
  • the components 46 may comprise a ballast and control circuitry, and preferably these are located behind the reflector 44 to hide them from view as well as to protect them from heat.
  • the luminaire 10 is preferably pre-wired so that an electrician needs only to connect up the terminals of the luminaire 10 to a conventional lighting circuit for it to work. Ventilation slots may be provided in the top 18 of the housing 12 to allow excess heat to escape. In one embodiment a layer of intumescent material (not shown) is provided across the internal or external surface of the top 18 to seal the ventilation slots in the event of a fire.
  • the housing 12 could be made of materials such as plastics, preferably it is made from sheet metal such as aluminium or steel.
  • the light source 42 is a linear fluorescent tube arranged centrally across the width of the housing 12.
  • the light source 42 may comprise two fluorescent lamps arranged side by side, centrally (just on either side of the center line) across the width of the housing 12.
  • the tube of a single lamp may be folded in half to provide a U-shaped fluorescent lamp with two parallel sections.
  • an advantage provided by the present invention is that the light source 42 can be located within the volume defined by the housing 12, so that it is recessed within the ceiling 2 rather than hanging below the level of the ceiling as with many of the prior art luminaires.
  • a light source 42 which is not linear.
  • a circular fluorescent tube could be used in embodiments having a cover 14 with a circular configuration (even where these might be intended to fit in a square or rectangular ceiling tile hole) or a compact cylindrically wound lamp might prove useful by creating a point source of light.
  • other forms of lamp could also be used other than fluorescent lamps, but with these there would be higher operational costs making them prohibitive to the market.
  • the light-transmitting cover 14 is preferably made up of different sections.
  • the cover is shown made up of three parts.
  • Figure 7a shows how a cover member 48 can provide (i) a curved rectangular face 32, 34 of the primary light-transmitting surface 28 and (ii) a side panel 38 and the substantially triangular in-fill panel 40 of the secondary light-transmitting surface 30.
  • the cover member 48 extends to cover over nearly half of the opening of the housing 12.
  • the cover member 48 extends over 40% of the opening, more preferably over 45%.
  • the left and right cover members 48 are preferably the same to keep manufacturing costs lower. However, they could be different, for example, for luminaires positioned with only one side close to a vertical surface where it might be desirable to vary the amount of light being transmitted from different sides of the luminaire 10.
  • the cover members have a lower surface 32, 34 (the curved rectangular faces) which is made of a material that allows light from the light source 42 to be transmitted to the working plane 6, either directly from the light source 42 or, more likely, reflected from the parabolic reflector 44 arranged above the light source 42.
  • the material should preferably provide diffuse light to the working surface in order to minimise glare. It preferably has a satin or opal finish. This can be created through providing the surface with an array of tiny formations, for example, dimples or protrusions, to scatter light within desirable limits. Some of the light may also be reflected off the internal surface of this panel and out to the secondary light-transmitting surface.
  • the surface formations might be created by shot peening or stippling with a fine die member, for example, to create conical depressions. Fine raised lines or grooves could also create the desired effect. Preferably the satin effect is uniform across the whole area. However it would be possible to vary the size, pattern or density of the formations to create a varied diffusivity for this lower face 32, 34.
  • the material could also include fine particles or beads of a material with different optical characteristics to create a satin or translucent finish. It could also be created through applying a diffuse translucent material to the cover member 48.
  • this lower face 32, 34 of the cover member 48 could be made of a range of different materials.
  • the material enables greater than 300 lux to reach the working plane, but preferably not more than 500 lux.
  • the material appears translucent and sufficiently opaque to the observer to hide the contents of the luminaire from view.
  • Polycarbonate materials are preferred but other plastics such as acrylics or other transparent / translucent materials could also be used where regulations allow.
  • the primary light-transmitting surface 28 is made up of the lower faces 32, 34 of the left and right cover members 48 and a central rectangular light-transmitting panel 36 to allow light to be transmitted from the light source directly down on to the working plane 3.
  • the central panel 36 comprises a section of reflective louvres, either arranged as parallel louvres or, more preferably as a criss-cross arrangement of reflective surfaces to limit possible glare above the 65° elevation in all directions. More preferably the central panel 36 is a strip of material which can provide diffuse light on to the working plane 3.
  • the material of the central panel 36 preferably has a satin or opal finish.
  • the surface is provided with an array of conical prism lenses (for example, through moulding or stamping). These disperse the light from the light source to provide an even illumination of the working plane 6. They also limit possible glare to within the 65° conical elevation envelope. Other materials or prism shapes could also be used, as discussed with the cover member 48, providing they allow sufficient light to reach the working plane 6 and do not create glare that extends above the 65° limit. In general, the light reaching the working plane 6 from this central panel 36 will be coming directly, albeit with some reflections from the conical prisms, from the light source 42 to strike the working plane 6. Preferably the material is different to or appears different to that of the cover member 48 to create visual interest to the underside of the luminaire 10.
  • the cover member 48 also has a side panel 38 which extends from the lower edge of the housing 12 to the lower edge of the primary light-transmitting surface 28, to provide the whole of or a portion of the secondary light-transmitting surface 30.
  • the side panel 38 is preferably made of a different material or has different optical qualities to the lower face 32, 34.
  • the cover member 48 may be made by co-extrusion of the two materials.
  • the side panel 38 is preferably clear to allow as much light as possible out through the cover member 48. However embodiments are envisaged where the side panel 38 has a satin or opal finish in order to reduce possible glare to the observer (greater than 1500 cd/m 2 ). See, for example, Figures 9b and 9c .
  • the material of choice for the side panel 38 is polycarbonate, though other materials could be used if desired.
  • the secondary light-transmitting surface 30 is provided with a plurality of features 50 to deflect light, which is incident from the light source 42 or reflector 44, towards a region of the ceiling 2 to the side of the luminaire 10.
  • These light-deflecting features 50 are shown provided on the internal surface of the side panel 38 in Figure 7b . If desired, the light-deflecting features 50 could be provided on a secondary surface within the cover 14 and the side panel 38 could act as a window for the already deflected light to be transmitted through, but this is a more costly arrangement.
  • the light-deflecting surfaces 50 could also be provided on the external surface of the side panel 38, but then they would be exposed to dust which would soon collect to reduce their refracting and reflecting properties.
  • the light-deflecting surfaces 50 on the internal surface provides a good solution to these technical problems. They can also be formed easily during the extrusion process. Preferably a plurality of light-deflecting surfaces 50 are provided on the substantially triangular in-fill panels 40 as well.
  • the light-deflecting features 50 are preferably provided as an array of horizontally extending triangular prisms. They resemble saw-teeth when viewed in cross-section as shown in Figure 7b . Other arrangements of prisms or projections could be used.
  • the key aspect is that sufficient light should be deflected back towards the ceiling to regions positioned to the side of the luminaire 10 (and also to neighbouring walls), i.e., that the light-deflecting features 50 should be sufficiently numerous, have sufficient refractive properties and/or reflective area to achieve this. In this way the ceiling 2 is illuminated to avoid a dark and oppressive feel. Light will also be reflected off the ceiling 2 and onto the vertical walls 6 to raise the illumination on these surfaces. Preferably sufficient light is directed to the side and upwards by the secondary light-transmitting surface 30 to comply with the requirements of LG7.
  • the upper surfaces of the triangular prisms 50 are preferably planar, at least over 75% of their area or more.
  • the upper surfaces are inclined at an angle of between 5° and 30° (inclusive) to the horizontal, more preferably between 11 ° and 22°, yet more preferably between 14° and 18°, and most preferably about 16° to the horizontal.
  • the angle of 16° has been found to offer an optimum for a luminaire 10 of width 600 mm where the light source 42 is arranged centrally.
  • the top surface of the prism intersects the lower surface of the prism at an apex to define an included angle of between 37° and 57°, more preferably between 42° and 52° and most preferably around 47°.
  • the lower surface will also be responsible for refracting light coming from the light source 42 or reflector 44 and adding to the overall lighting effect of the luminaire. It also assists in reducing glare coming from this region.
  • the lower surface of the prism is preferably between 15° and 47° to the horizontal, more preferably between 20° and 42°, yet more preferably between 25° and 37°, and most preferably between 28° and 34°.
  • the most preferred angle is around 31° to the horizontal ( ⁇ 3°). However angles greater than 47° could also be useful for providing an improvement over LG3 Cat 2 luminaires as will be discussed below in more detail below.
  • the side panel 38 is provided with at least six prisms 50, more preferably at least nine, yet more preferably at least thirteen, and most preferably sixteen or more prisms 50.
  • the prisms 50 extend for as much of the length of the cover 14 as possible and are preferably continuous for that length.
  • the prisms 50 need not have the same inclination, but could vary slightly one from the next to spread the illumination on the ceiling 2.
  • Preferably at least 80% of the prisms 50 have an upper surface inclined at between 11° and 22° to the horizontal, more preferably at least 90%, yet more preferably at least 95% and most preferably all the upper surfaces are within this range of inclination or closer to the most preferred inclination of 16° to the horizontal.
  • At least 80% of the prisms 50 have a lower surface inclined at between 20° and 42° to the horizontal, more preferably at least 90%, yet more preferably at least 95% and most preferably all the lower surfaces are within this range of inclination or closer to the most preferred inclination of 31 ° to the horizontal.
  • the triangular prisms are shown having a substantially right-angled shape, other shapes having the same or similar refractive function could be used. Prismatic shapes corresponding to isosceles, equilateral or irregular triangles could be used.
  • the prism may have more than three sides or incorporate convex or concave surfaces, or there might be a mixture of such prismatic structures.
  • Figure 8a illustrates an early prototype in which the side panel 38 is inclined inwardly as it descends from the housing 12 to the primary light-transmitting surface 28.
  • the prisms 50 have an upper surface inclined at an angle ⁇ of about 21 ° to the horizontal (inclined in the opposite direction to those of the preferred embodiment illustrated in Figure 8b ).
  • the angle ⁇ between the upper and lower surfaces of the prisms was 47°.
  • the lower surface would be inclined to the horizontal at around 68°.
  • the luminaire 10 was modified by moving the lower edge of the side panel 38 so that it extended outwardly beyond the footprint of the housing 12 instead of inwardly.
  • the angle ⁇ between the upper and lower surfaces of the prisms was maintained at 47°, as to was ninety degree angle of the upper surface to the side of the cover 14.
  • the lower surface was now inclined to the horizontal by an angle of 31 °, meaning that the angle of inclination ⁇ for the top surface to the horizontal was now 16°.
  • the prisms had been tilted through an angle of around 37°.
  • the luminance results for this modified arrangement showed that it was possible to achieve the desired 30% illuminance on the ceiling, 50% on the walls etc., as required for LG7 without excessive glare to the observer.
  • the luminance results are illustrated for the luminaires of Figure 8a and Figure 8b in Tables I and II respectively.
  • the cover member 48 attaches to the housing 12, preferably using an arrangement of inter-engaging lugs and slots. In the arrangement shown in Figure 7b , one edge of the cover member 48 engages a sprung member (not shown) which urges the opposite edge of the cover member 48 into contact with a side 16 of the housing 12. At the same time a peg 52 locates in the base of a slot 54 in the top edge of the cover member 48 to support its weight. Mounting the cover member 48 in this way allows quick and easy access into the luminaire 10 for changing a failed lamp or servicing the appliance.
  • the central panel 36 is shown located within a track 32 provided by the housing 12 and similarly can be removed readily for access into the luminaire 10. Other arrangements for attaching the cover member 48, to the housing 12 are of course possible and should be considered within the scope of this invention.
  • FIGS. 9a to 9d illustrate a number of further possible variations.
  • the luminaire 10 is provided with a metal or plastic housing 12.
  • the central panel 36 is a clear prismatic panel of material.
  • the cover member 48 has a lower face 32, 34 of satin diffuser material and a side panel 38 of clear prism material.
  • the luminaire 10 is provided with a metal or-plastic housing 12.
  • the central panel 36 is a clear prismatic panel of material.
  • the cover member 48 has a lower face 32, 34 of satin diffuser material and a side panel 38 of satin diffuser material.
  • the luminaire 10 is provided with a metal or plastic housing 12.
  • the cover 14 is provided by a single cover member 48.
  • the cover member 48 is a satin one-piece diffuser.
  • An alternative would be to make the side panel of a clear prismatic panel of material and co-extrude the surfaces of the cover 14.
  • the luminaire 10 is provided with a metal or plastic housing 12.
  • the central panel 36 is a clear prismatic panel of material.
  • the cover member 48 has a lower face 32, 34 of satin diffuser material and a side panel 38 of clear prism material.
  • the figure also shows the substantially triangular in-fill panels 40 made of the clear prism material.
  • a linear fluorescent light source 42 provides downward light on the horizontal working plane 3 of at least 300 lux at a normal room height of 2.4 - 2.8 m, through a conical prismatic panel 36 that helps achieve the recommended luminance limit of less than 1500 cd/m 2 above 65° from the vertical.
  • Direct light and reflected light from the parabolic reflector 44 is directed through a clear prismatic lens (side panel 38) that refracts light onto the ceiling surface such that the average illuminance on the ceiling 2 is at least 30% of the average horizontal illuminance on the working plane 3 (at normal ceiling heights and reflectances).
  • a clear prismatic lens side panel 38
  • Light transmitted through the lower face 32, 34 of the diffuse panel of the cover14 illuminates the vertical walls 6 such that the average illuminance on the walls is at least 50% of the average horizontal illuminance on the working plane 3 (at normal ceiling heights and reflectances).

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)

Claims (23)

  1. Halbversenkte Einbauleuchte, die Folgendes aufweist:
    ein Gehäuse (12) für eine Lichtquelle (42), wobei das Gehäuse (12) dazu ausgelegt ist, in eine Decke (2) so eingebaut zu sein, dass im Gebrauch eine Unterseite des Gehäuses (12) mit der Decke (2) im Wesentlichen bündig ist, und
    eine lichtdurchlässige Abdeckung (14), die unter dem Gehäuse (12) anbringbar ist, wobei die Abdeckung (14) aufweist
    eine primäre lichtdurchlässige Fläche (28), die Licht, das von der Lichtquelle (42) oder über einen Reflektor (44) durchgelassen werden soll, durch die Abdeckung (14) zu einer Fläche unter der Leuchte (10) durchlässt, und
    eine sekundäre lichtdurchlässige Fläche (30), die Licht, das von der Lichtquelle (42) oder über einen Reflektor (44) durchgelassen werden soll, durch die Abdeckung (14) zu einem Bereich der Decke (2) durchlässt, der sich seitlich der Leuchte (10) befindet, und
    die sekundäre lichtdurchlässige Fläche (30) mit mehreren Leistungsmerkmalen versehen ist, um Licht, das von der Lichtquelle (42) oder einem Reflektor (44) her einfällt, zu einem Bereich der Decke (2) seitlich der Leuchte (10) abzulenken, wobei die mehreren Leistungsmerkmale mehrere Prismen aufweisen, die zum Brechen von Licht angeordnet sind,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    die Prismen eine unterschiedliche Inklination haben und sich eines vom nächsten ein wenig unterscheidet, um die Beleuchtung, die von der Brechung des Lichts durch die Prismen kommt, zu verteilen, und wobei die Unterseite der Abdeckung (14) von unten gesehen ein konkaves Profil hat und die Seite der Abdeckung (14) vom Gehäuse (12) sanft nach unten abfällt, um sich an den Rand dieser Unterseite anzufügen, wobei ausreichend Licht so über die sekundäre lichtdurchlässige Fläche (30) geleitet wird, dass die mittlere Wandbeleuchtungsstärke über der Arbeitsebene von sowohl direkten als auch indirekten Komponenten mindestens 50% der mittleren horizontalen Beleuchtungsstärke auf einer unter der Leuchte (10) angeordneten Arbeitsebene beträgt.
  2. Leuchte nach Anspruch 1, wobei
    die mehreren Leistungsmerkmale Dreieckprismen sind, die eine Seite haben, die im Wesentlichen senkrecht zu einer Seite der Abdeckung (14) ist, und/oder eine Seite, die durch die Seite der Abdeckung (14) und für eine Hypotenuse vorgesehen ist, die eine Unterseite bildet.
  3. Leuchte (10) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, wobei
    die mehreren Prismen auch mehrere reflektierende Flächen bereitstellen, die schräggestellt sind, um Licht, das von der Lichtquelle (42) oder dem Reflektor (44) oder allgemein vom Inneren der Leuchte (10) her einfällt, in Richtung eines Bereichs der Decke (2) seitlich der Leuchte (10) zu reflektieren.
  4. Leuchte (10) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, wobei eine reflektierende Fläche durch eine Oberseite des Prismas (50) bereitgestellt wird.
  5. Leuchte (10) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei eine Kombination aus Brechung und Reflexion vorzugsweise verwendet wird, um zum Gesamtbeleuchtungseffekt der Leuchte (10) zu führen.
  6. Leuchte (10) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die mittlere Beleuchtungsstärke an der Decke (2) von sowohl den direkten und reflektierten Komponenten mindestens 30% der mittleren horizontalen Beleuchtungsstärke über die Arbeitsebene beträgt.
  7. Leuchte (10) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Beleuchtungsstärke der Leuchte an Stellen über der Erhebung von 65° von der Vertikalen nahe an, aber vorzugsweise unter 1500 cd/m2 liegt.
  8. Leuchte (10) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei diese Beleuchtungsstärkengrenze vorzugsweise sowohl auf die Decke (2) als auch die Wände zutrifft.
  9. Leuchte (10) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Leuchte (10) eine Beleuchtungsstärke von mindestens 200 Lux auf einer unter der Leuchte (10) angeordneten Arbeitsebene erzeugt.
  10. Leuchte (10) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Leuchte (10) eine Beleuchtungsstärke von zwischen 300 und 500 Lux auf der Arbeitsebene erzeugt.
  11. Leuchte (10) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die mehreren Leistungsmerkmale durch eine Reihe von Prismen, die auf der Innenfläche der Seite der Abdeckung (14) angeordnet sind, insbesondere Dreieckprismen bereitgestellt werden.
  12. Leuchte (10) nach Anspruch 11, wobei die mehreren Leistungsmerkmale Dreieckprismen mit einer Oberseite aufweisen, die in einem Winkel von 5° oder mehr zur Horizontalen, aber nicht mehr als 30° geneigt ist.
  13. Leuchte (10) nach einem der Ansprüche 11 oder 12, wobei die Dreieckprismen eine Oberseite haben, die in einem Winkel von zwischen 10° und 22° geneigt ist.
  14. Leuchte (10) nach einem der Ansprüche 11 bis 13, wobei die Dreieckprismen eine Oberseite haben, die in einem Winkel von ca. 16° zur Horizontalen (± 3°) geneigt ist.
  15. Leuchte (10) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 14, wobei das Dreieckprisma im Wesentlichen ein rechtwinkliges Dreieckprisma ist, wobei die Oberseite durch eine zur Abdeckung (14) senkrechte Seite bereitgestellt wird und eine Unterseite eine Hypotenuse bildet.
  16. Leuchte (10) nach Anspruch 15, wobei der Öffnungswinkel am Scheitelpunkt zwischen der Ober- und Unterseite zwischen 42° und 52°, bevorzugter 45° und 49°, und am bevorzugtesten um die 47° beträgt.
  17. Leuchte (10) nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 16, wobei die Unterseite des Prismas zwischen 15° und 47° zur Horizontalen, bevorzugter zwischen 20° und 42°, noch bevorzugter zwischen 25° und 37°, und am bevorzugtesten zwischen 28° und 34° schräggestellt ist, wobei der bevorzugteste Winkel um die 31° zur Horizontalen beträgt.
  18. Leuchte (10) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei sich die Seite der Abdeckung (14) so nach außen beugt, dass sie sich über die Grundfläche des Gehäuses (12) hinaus erstreckt.
  19. Leuchte (10) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Ausdehnung der Struktur, die sich von der Decke (2) erstreckt, minimal ist und Sprinklersprührastern nicht im Wege sein sollte.
  20. Leuchte (10) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Unterseite und die Seite der Abdeckung (14) koextrudiert sind, um ein Abdeckungselement bereitzustellen.
  21. Leuchte (10) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei das Abdeckungselement im Wesentlichen die Hälfte der Öffnung des Gehäuses abdeckt.
  22. Leuchte (10) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Leuchte (10) bestehende lineare Leuchtstofflampen als Lichtquelle (42) verwendet.
  23. Leuchte (10) nach Anspruch 1, wobei die sekundäre lichtdurchlässige Fläche (30) klar ist.
EP07105318A 2006-04-03 2007-03-30 Teilweise eingebaute Einbauleuchte Active EP1843084B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GBGB0606684.9A GB0606684D0 (en) 2006-04-03 2006-04-03 Semi-Recessed Luminaire

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1843084A1 EP1843084A1 (de) 2007-10-10
EP1843084B1 true EP1843084B1 (de) 2008-12-31

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Country Status (5)

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EP (1) EP1843084B1 (de)
CN (1) CN101050847B (de)
AT (1) ATE419493T1 (de)
DE (1) DE602007000419D1 (de)
GB (1) GB0606684D0 (de)

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US8348489B2 (en) 2008-01-30 2013-01-08 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Thin illumination system
US8674616B2 (en) 2008-10-10 2014-03-18 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Distributed illumination system
US8721149B2 (en) 2008-01-30 2014-05-13 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Illumination device having a tapered light guide
US11940121B2 (en) 2022-08-30 2024-03-26 Abl Ip Holding Llc Light fixture for ceiling grid

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EP2390557A1 (de) * 2010-05-31 2011-11-30 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Leuchte
ITFI20110151A1 (it) * 2011-07-22 2013-01-23 Storaro Francesca Apparecchio d'illuminazione comprendente sorgenti di luce puntiforme a orientazione multipla.
CH705959A1 (de) * 2012-01-03 2013-07-15 Regent Beleuchtungskoerper Ag Leuchtenelement.
DE102012102986A1 (de) 2012-04-05 2013-10-10 Siteco Beleuchtungstechnik Gmbh Prismenplatte mit variierenden Flankenwinkeln
US8911102B2 (en) * 2012-06-29 2014-12-16 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Low-profile lighting system
CN104848278B (zh) * 2015-04-30 2017-07-07 浙江帅康电气股份有限公司 一种可偏心照明的欧式吸油烟机
CN105423191A (zh) * 2015-12-31 2016-03-23 杭州上达光电科技有限公司 一种灯具
US10739513B2 (en) * 2018-08-31 2020-08-11 RAB Lighting Inc. Apparatuses and methods for efficiently directing light toward and away from a mounting surface
CN110388599A (zh) * 2019-09-03 2019-10-29 浙江格瑞普光电科技有限公司 一种黑板灯用防眩光反射板及其黑板灯

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US3159352A (en) * 1960-11-16 1964-12-01 Wakefield Corp Luminaire
CN2585037Y (zh) * 2002-11-27 2003-11-05 王先金 嵌入式、半嵌入式筒灯
DE602004005872T2 (de) * 2003-08-12 2008-01-17 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Beleuchtung und methode zur beleuchtung
DE20314606U1 (de) * 2003-09-18 2003-11-27 Unger Patent- und Lizenzgesellschaft mbH Direkt und indirekt abstrahlende Leuchte

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8348489B2 (en) 2008-01-30 2013-01-08 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Thin illumination system
US8721149B2 (en) 2008-01-30 2014-05-13 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Illumination device having a tapered light guide
US8740439B2 (en) 2008-01-30 2014-06-03 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Thin illumination system
US8674616B2 (en) 2008-10-10 2014-03-18 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Distributed illumination system
US11940121B2 (en) 2022-08-30 2024-03-26 Abl Ip Holding Llc Light fixture for ceiling grid

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN101050847B (zh) 2011-04-06
ATE419493T1 (de) 2009-01-15
GB0606684D0 (en) 2006-05-10
CN101050847A (zh) 2007-10-10
EP1843084A1 (de) 2007-10-10
DE602007000419D1 (de) 2009-02-12

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