EP1842042A1 - Apparatus for measuring the force of brake actuators - Google Patents
Apparatus for measuring the force of brake actuatorsInfo
- Publication number
- EP1842042A1 EP1842042A1 EP06706305A EP06706305A EP1842042A1 EP 1842042 A1 EP1842042 A1 EP 1842042A1 EP 06706305 A EP06706305 A EP 06706305A EP 06706305 A EP06706305 A EP 06706305A EP 1842042 A1 EP1842042 A1 EP 1842042A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- measuring arrangement
- force
- arrangement according
- force measuring
- carbon layer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910003481 amorphous carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009396 hybridization Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 35
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005268 plasma chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004382 potting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001953 sensory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YNPNZTXNASCQKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenanthrene Natural products C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C=CC2=C1 YNPNZTXNASCQKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DGEZNRSVGBDHLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [1,10]phenanthroline Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C3=NC=CC=C3C=CC2=C1 DGEZNRSVGBDHLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009530 blood pressure measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004922 lacquer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011326 mechanical measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004377 microelectronic Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005240 physical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
- G01L1/18—Measuring force or stress, in general using properties of piezo-resistive materials, i.e. materials of which the ohmic resistance varies according to changes in magnitude or direction of force applied to the material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T17/00—Component parts, details, or accessories of power brake systems not covered by groups B60T8/00, B60T13/00 or B60T15/00, or presenting other characteristic features
- B60T17/18—Safety devices; Monitoring
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D65/00—Parts or details
- F16D65/14—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position
- F16D65/16—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position arranged in or on the brake
- F16D65/18—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position arranged in or on the brake adapted for drawing members together, e.g. for disc brakes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D66/00—Arrangements for monitoring working conditions, e.g. wear, temperature
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D66/00—Arrangements for monitoring working conditions, e.g. wear, temperature
- F16D2066/005—Force, torque, stress or strain
Definitions
- the invention relates to a force measuring arrangement for processing force signals in electronic brake systems, in particular vehicle brake systems of a force sensor assembly and a signal processing device, wherein the force sensor assembly comprises a brake actuator and at least one pressure member, wherein on the pressure member an amorphous diamond-like carbon layer is applied as a force sensor.
- EMB electromechanical brake systems
- a modification of this full EMB system is the hybrid brake, in which the front axle is still hydraulically braked in a conventional manner, but the rear axle already contains the EMB actuator system including electric parking brake. For this purpose, only a simple electrical system is necessary because the hydraulic system is the legally prescribed second brake circuit.
- Previously known sensor systems are not suitable for this task.
- An example is in the DE 103 08 798 Al describes where a pressure measuring arrangement for the redundant processing of pressure signals in electronic brake systems and their use is disclosed.
- a sensor module is described consisting of a plurality of electrical pressure measuring elements, which are arranged together on a membrane.
- the known versions of Bremskraftmesseinrich- tions in vehicle brakes are thus either indirectly measuring systems by z. B. the hydraulic pressure with the help of z. B. membrane-type sensors is measured, or sensors are used according to the strain gauge principle, which provide the deformation (elongation or compression) of a pad, usually a specially shaped sensor receptacle.
- the known solutions are discrete strain gauges which are adhesively bonded to the base bodies and thus require a great deal of calibration effort.
- Another disadvantage is the lack of system rigidity (deformation is required in DMS) and the poor integration into miniaturized and low-mass brake systems.
- a force measuring arrangement which has at least one force sensor assembly, wherein the force sensor assembly consists of at least one brake actuator and a pressure member in frictional connection, wherein on the pressure member at least one amorphous carbon layer is applied, which acts as a force sensor.
- Temperature sensor • Excellent tribological property, corrosion-resistant
- the measurement of the actual force is made by means of a resistance measurement, which is carried out through the layer and which also allows static measurements over an extended period of time.
- a resistance measurement which is carried out through the layer and which also allows static measurements over an extended period of time.
- the amorphous carbon layer Due to its hardness (15-40GPa) and a measuring principle acting in the layer normal, the amorphous carbon layer enables a low-mass and completely rigid measuring arrangement. This makes it possible to use a force sensor in z. B. rotationally symmetric disc shape for this application, which is integrated in brake systems, without the Stiffness and dynamics of the system are adversely affected. Furthermore, the coating is extremely wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant, so that it has an excellent suitability for the demanding application in vehicle brakes.
- the force measurement is carried out in this thin-film sensor by a change in the electrical resistance and preferably in the layer normal. In this respect, the diamond-like sensor layer can be integrated directly into the power flow of the brake actuator.
- the amorphous carbon layer forming the force sensor is preferably a diamond-like carbon layer known as a: CH, i-CH, Me: CH, DLC and Me: DLC.
- the amorphous carbon layer can have graphitic structures with sp 2 hybridization in combination with diamond-like structures with sp 3 hybridization.
- the layers may be provided with metallic and / or non-metallic doping elements. Such a layer is described in DE 199 54 164 A1. For this reason, reference is expressly made to the entire disclosure content of this document.
- the production of the amorphous carbon layers which are used according to the invention can be carried out by means of conventional PVD and / or plasma CVD methods or by a combination of both methods.
- Commercially available sputtering equipment or plasma CVD equipment can be used for this purpose.
- the amorphous carbon layers according to the invention preferably have a hardness of approx. 20 GPa and are used in the thickness range of 1 to 10 microns.
- a pressure component in the force sensor assembly according to the invention a pressure plate, cylinder, disk or ring is preferably used.
- all component parts of a brake actuator which are in the force flow are suitable.
- the temperature of the sensor and thus of the brake actuator can also be measured to increase the safety of the brake system.
- the temperature measurement serves on the one hand to compensate the temperature characteristic of the force sensor but also to control and optimize the actuator control.
- the temperature measurement with the aid of the amorphous carbon layer can be carried out in such a way that the resistance of the layer is measured at a location that is thermally equivalent but not in the force flow.
- Conducted solutions can be used to connect the force and temperature measurement. These are z. B. the thin-film electrodes provided with a conductor track and a bonding pad and then connected in a known manner with a wire by bonding or soldering or gluing. The contact surfaces can be protected later by a potting compound.
- Another embodiment of the invention consists in an integrated evaluation circuit by z. B. an ASIC or other microelectronic components are applied directly to the force sensor, ie to the amorphous carbon layer or a suitable component of the braking system which also carries the amorphous sensory coating.
- the connection of the force sensor or local subdivision of the Sensor takes place with the aid of a thin-film circuit or in a known manner with wire bonding / soldering, gluing.
- the invention further relates to the use of an amorphous carbon layer as a force sensor for vehicle brake systems, in particular electromechanical brake systems.
- Figure 1 shows an embodiment in which the pressure member is in the form of a metal disc which acts as a dummy body within the brake actuator.
- FIG. 2 shows an embodiment with a one-sided coating with the amorphous carbon layer and a backside electrical insulating coating.
- FIGS. 3 and 4 show an embodiment in which the pressure component is made up of two disks with a central electrode.
- FIGS 5, 6a and 6b show embodiments with simultaneous application of local temperature measurement electrodes.
- Figure 1 shows an embodiment in which the pressure member is formed as a metal plate 1, wherein the metal plate 1 at the same time as a pressure body between two lying in the tension force flow actuator torbau kind 2 and 3 is used.
- the metal disc 1, which serves as a pressure body is provided on both sides with an amorphous phen piezoresistive carbon layer 4 provided with a layer thickness of 4 microns.
- the change in resistance of the layer is effected on the pressure plate 1 when the braking force acts measured.
- FIG. 2 now shows an embodiment in which a one-sided coating of the pressure plate 1 with the force-sensitive amorphous carbon layer 4 and application of an electrically insulating coating 5 on the back are present.
- known thick and thin film methods can be used, for.
- plasma CVD layers of SiCON are also applicable or organic layers up to insulating lacquers. The measurement then likewise takes place against the mass, whereby only the change in resistance of the amorphous carbon layer 4 is evaluated.
- two pressure plates 6, 7 are provided, which are provided on the mutually facing sides with an amorphous piezoresistive sensor layer 4.
- a sheet-like electrode 8 (for example made of stainless steel, with a coating of Me-DLC, Ni, Cr or the like) is arranged between the pressure plates 6 and 7.
- This Construction can also have recesses for the realization of non-force-loaded temperature sensors and electrical contacts as well as recesses for an electronic circuit. It is also part of the invention that the structure is hermetically sealed by suitable means. This can z. B. with a potting compound or an adhesive, known mechanical wrapping method and welding process done.
- FIG. 4 shows a comparable embodiment with that according to FIG. 3, but this embodiment consists of two pressure plates 9 and 10, wherein the mutually facing sides of the pressure plates in a printing plate, namely in the printing plate with the reference numeral 9 with the amorphous piezoresistive carbon layer 4 is provided and the other pressure plate 10 with an insulator layer 5.
- Figure 2 shows a comparable embodiment with that according to FIG. 3, but this embodiment consists of two pressure plates 9 and 10, wherein the mutually facing sides of the pressure plates in a printing plate, namely in the printing plate with the reference numeral 9 with the amorphous piezoresistive carbon layer 4 is provided and the other pressure plate 10 with an insulator layer 5.
- a further advantageous embodiment of the invention is the ability to divide the amorphous piezoresistive carbon layer mechanically or geometrically so that local force-pressure measurements are possible.
- FIGS. 5 and 6 show a sectional view of such an embodiment, wherein the pressure component 12 has surface profilings 13 which serve to receive the temperature sensor and / or the electronic circuit 14. This can z.
- the support surface are divided by milling and / or structured thin-film electrodes are applied to the amorphous carbon layer.
- 000450 the support surface are divided by milling and / or structured thin-film electrodes are applied to the amorphous carbon layer.
- the amorphous carbon layer is denoted by 16.
- the raised areas 16 are then used for force measurement.
- the simultaneous measurement of the component temperature can also be realized in this embodiment.
- FIGS. 6a and 6b also allow the construction of local force measuring cells and force sensory networks.
- a pressure ring 18 is provided, which is provided with a piezoresistive sensor layer 19 and local electrode structures 21 on the surface.
- the contact point was coated with copper and soldered a measuring wire.
- the embodiment of Figure 6b consists of a pressure plate 22 with piezoresistive amorphous sensor layer 23 and circular electrode structures 24 on the surface for performing spatially resolved force measurement.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)
- Regulating Braking Force (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102005002523.4A DE102005002523B4 (en) | 2005-01-19 | 2005-01-19 | Device for measuring the force in brake actuators |
PCT/EP2006/000450 WO2006077115A1 (en) | 2005-01-19 | 2006-01-19 | Apparatus for measuring the force of brake actuators |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1842042A1 true EP1842042A1 (en) | 2007-10-10 |
Family
ID=36177991
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP06706305A Withdrawn EP1842042A1 (en) | 2005-01-19 | 2006-01-19 | Apparatus for measuring the force of brake actuators |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20080098826A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1842042A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2008527389A (en) |
KR (1) | KR20070102518A (en) |
CN (1) | CN101107502A (en) |
DE (1) | DE102005002523B4 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2006077115A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102006019942B4 (en) * | 2006-04-28 | 2016-01-07 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Force measuring device for measuring the force in solid state actuators, methods for measuring a force and use of the force measuring device |
DE102011105756A1 (en) * | 2011-01-28 | 2012-08-02 | Kaufbeurer Mikrosysteme Wiedemann Gmbh | Electrical measuring device for force and / or pressure measurement |
EP2522874A1 (en) * | 2011-05-13 | 2012-11-14 | Inventio AG | Lift drive with brake |
EP2941628A1 (en) * | 2012-09-10 | 2015-11-11 | Cameron International Corporation | Electric actuator with a force / pressure measurement sensor |
DE102015111425B4 (en) * | 2014-07-18 | 2016-06-30 | Klaus Kürschner | Method and device for electrical force measurement by means of insulating thin film |
DE102014014509B3 (en) * | 2014-10-06 | 2016-02-25 | Günther Zimmer | Reibgehemme with force measuring device |
CN105865699B (en) * | 2016-06-03 | 2018-12-11 | 北方工业大学 | Method and device for detecting unbalance of unmanned aerial vehicle brake system |
CN108407779B (en) * | 2018-03-28 | 2024-07-05 | 广西环江航舵汽车科技有限公司 | Disc brake grouping braking system |
US10744981B2 (en) | 2018-06-06 | 2020-08-18 | Sensata Technologies, Inc. | Electromechanical braking connector |
DE102018218300B4 (en) * | 2018-10-25 | 2023-09-07 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Sensory layer system |
DE102018131022A1 (en) * | 2018-12-05 | 2020-06-10 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Plain bearing and method for producing a bearing element for a plain bearing |
EP3715661B1 (en) * | 2019-03-26 | 2022-06-01 | Trelleborg Sealing Solutions Kalmar AB | Improved anti-squeal shim |
KR20240044831A (en) | 2022-09-29 | 2024-04-05 | 대양전기공업 주식회사 | Force sensor assembly and diaphragm mounted therein |
KR20240064093A (en) | 2022-11-04 | 2024-05-13 | 대양전기공업 주식회사 | Method of manufacturing a force sensor assembly and a force sensor assembly manufactured using the same |
Family Cites Families (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3970174A (en) * | 1974-01-16 | 1976-07-20 | Goodyear Aerospace Corporation | Low wear disk brake assembly |
US5303594A (en) * | 1992-08-11 | 1994-04-19 | Kulite Semiconductor Products, Inc. | Pressure transducer utilizing diamond piezoresistive sensors and silicon carbide force collector |
US6111643A (en) * | 1997-10-28 | 2000-08-29 | Reliance Electric Industrial Company | Apparatus, system and method for determining wear of an article |
US6580511B1 (en) * | 1997-10-28 | 2003-06-17 | Reliance Electric Technologies, Llc | System for monitoring sealing wear |
GB9817757D0 (en) * | 1998-08-15 | 1998-10-14 | Dunlop Ltd | Breaking system |
JP3760637B2 (en) * | 1998-08-25 | 2006-03-29 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Electric control device for a vehicle brake |
DE19954164B4 (en) * | 1999-11-10 | 2008-08-21 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Sensor for determining the state of characteristics of mechanical components using amorphous carbon layers with piezoresistive properties |
KR20020059728A (en) * | 1999-11-18 | 2002-07-13 | 이페 판 란덴 | Actuator having a central support, and brake calliper comprising such actuator |
DE10308798A1 (en) * | 2002-03-01 | 2004-01-08 | Continental Teves Ag & Co. Ohg | Pressure measurement arrangement for redundant processing of pressure signals in electronic braking system of motor vehicle, has pressure sensor component with separate measurement elements arranged on joint membrane |
JP2004020355A (en) * | 2002-06-17 | 2004-01-22 | Hitachi Ltd | Pressure detection element |
DE10314798A1 (en) * | 2002-08-14 | 2004-03-04 | Continental Teves Ag & Co. Ohg | Actuating unit for an electromechanically actuated disc brake |
DE10240671A1 (en) * | 2002-09-04 | 2004-03-18 | Christian Bauer Gmbh + Co | Combustion engine knocking sensor has a piezo-resistive amorphous carbon, or DLC, layer as a sensor element, which provides an electrical signal that is evaluated to detect knocking |
WO2004048912A1 (en) * | 2002-11-25 | 2004-06-10 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Device and method for monitoring and controlling a vehicle |
DE10259527A1 (en) * | 2002-12-19 | 2004-07-01 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | impact sensor |
DE10348829A1 (en) * | 2003-04-08 | 2004-10-21 | Continental Teves Ag & Co. Ohg | Brake device for a motor vehicle has a brake disk, a brake drum, two brake linings and a device for detecting a tension force acting on the brake linings as the vehicle's brake is operated |
WO2005015045A1 (en) * | 2003-08-06 | 2005-02-17 | Continental Teves Ag & Co.Ohg | Motor vehicle brake system |
US7238941B2 (en) * | 2003-10-27 | 2007-07-03 | California Institute Of Technology | Pyrolyzed-parylene based sensors and method of manufacture |
-
2005
- 2005-01-19 DE DE102005002523.4A patent/DE102005002523B4/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2006
- 2006-01-19 US US11/795,273 patent/US20080098826A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2006-01-19 WO PCT/EP2006/000450 patent/WO2006077115A1/en active Application Filing
- 2006-01-19 EP EP06706305A patent/EP1842042A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2006-01-19 CN CNA2006800025619A patent/CN101107502A/en active Pending
- 2006-01-19 KR KR1020077016523A patent/KR20070102518A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2006-01-19 JP JP2007551614A patent/JP2008527389A/en not_active Withdrawn
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO2006077115A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE102005002523A1 (en) | 2006-07-27 |
WO2006077115A1 (en) | 2006-07-27 |
CN101107502A (en) | 2008-01-16 |
US20080098826A1 (en) | 2008-05-01 |
JP2008527389A (en) | 2008-07-24 |
DE102005002523B4 (en) | 2015-11-19 |
KR20070102518A (en) | 2007-10-18 |
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Inventor name: LUETHJE, HOLGER Inventor name: BIEHL, SASKIA Inventor name: BAYER BERNWARD Inventor name: SCHIRLING, ANDREAS |
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Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN |
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18D | Application deemed to be withdrawn |
Effective date: 20140703 |