EP1836360A1 - Blind or awning photo-generator - Google Patents

Blind or awning photo-generator

Info

Publication number
EP1836360A1
EP1836360A1 EP05821657A EP05821657A EP1836360A1 EP 1836360 A1 EP1836360 A1 EP 1836360A1 EP 05821657 A EP05821657 A EP 05821657A EP 05821657 A EP05821657 A EP 05821657A EP 1836360 A1 EP1836360 A1 EP 1836360A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
blind
photo
fabric
generating
awning
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP05821657A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Jacques Lambey
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from FR0500028A external-priority patent/FR2880371A1/en
Priority claimed from FR0500029A external-priority patent/FR2880372A1/en
Priority claimed from FR0507005A external-priority patent/FR2888046A1/en
Priority claimed from FR0507637A external-priority patent/FR2888991B3/en
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP1836360A1 publication Critical patent/EP1836360A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F10/00—Sunshades, e.g. Florentine blinds or jalousies; Outside screens; Awnings or baldachins
    • E04F10/02—Sunshades, e.g. Florentine blinds or jalousies; Outside screens; Awnings or baldachins of flexible canopy materials, e.g. canvas ; Baldachins
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B9/00—Screening or protective devices for wall or similar openings, with or without operating or securing mechanisms; Closures of similar construction
    • E06B9/24—Screens or other constructions affording protection against light, especially against sunshine; Similar screens for privacy or appearance; Slat blinds
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/054—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means
    • H01L31/0543—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means comprising light concentrating means of the refractive type, e.g. lenses
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/054—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means
    • H01L31/0547—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means comprising light concentrating means of the reflecting type, e.g. parabolic mirrors, concentrators using total internal reflection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S10/00—PV power plants; Combinations of PV energy systems with other systems for the generation of electric power
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S30/00—Structural details of PV modules other than those related to light conversion
    • H02S30/20—Collapsible or foldable PV modules
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F10/00—Sunshades, e.g. Florentine blinds or jalousies; Outside screens; Awnings or baldachins
    • E04F10/02—Sunshades, e.g. Florentine blinds or jalousies; Outside screens; Awnings or baldachins of flexible canopy materials, e.g. canvas ; Baldachins
    • E04F10/06—Sunshades, e.g. Florentine blinds or jalousies; Outside screens; Awnings or baldachins of flexible canopy materials, e.g. canvas ; Baldachins comprising a roller-blind with means for holding the end away from a building
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B9/00—Screening or protective devices for wall or similar openings, with or without operating or securing mechanisms; Closures of similar construction
    • E06B9/24—Screens or other constructions affording protection against light, especially against sunshine; Similar screens for privacy or appearance; Slat blinds
    • E06B2009/2405—Areas of differing opacity for light transmission control
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B9/00—Screening or protective devices for wall or similar openings, with or without operating or securing mechanisms; Closures of similar construction
    • E06B9/24—Screens or other constructions affording protection against light, especially against sunshine; Similar screens for privacy or appearance; Slat blinds
    • E06B2009/2417—Light path control; means to control reflection
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B9/00—Screening or protective devices for wall or similar openings, with or without operating or securing mechanisms; Closures of similar construction
    • E06B9/24—Screens or other constructions affording protection against light, especially against sunshine; Similar screens for privacy or appearance; Slat blinds
    • E06B2009/2476—Solar cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/52—PV systems with concentrators

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the photovoltaic field, more particularly to a blind or a photo-generator awning comprising photovoltaic cells so as to ensure not only a usual sun protection inherent in blinds or awnings but also the production of electricity.
  • WO 02/084044 discloses a blind comprising on the one hand a web in which are encapsulated in a succession of rows photovoltaic cells preferably rigid and on the other hand a polygonal tube on which said fabric is likely to wrap .
  • the spacing between two adjacent rows of cells allows them to be held in a plane parallel to one of the sides of the polygon defining the tube.
  • the publication WO 99/61721 discloses a similar device comprising a fabric on which flexible photovoltaic cells are arranged, said fabric being capable of coming to wind on a cylindrical tube.
  • the solar cells used by these devices have the disadvantage of having a relatively low yield / cost ratio.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a blind or awning having a first fabric superimposed on a second fabric, the configuration of these fabrics to significantly increase the electrical efficiency of the awning while limiting the significant cost from photovoltaic cells.
  • this object is achieved by means of a blind or a photo-generator awning according to claim 1.
  • This awning or awning comprises a first and a second element in the form of a flexible fabric or a set of bars. . These two elements can move between a retracted position and a deployed position, the first element being superimposed generally parallel to the second element at a distance when they are deployed.
  • Photovoltaic cells are arranged on one and / or the other of these elements, the active photovoltaic surface of said cells being located on the upper and / or lower surface of the first element and / or on the upper surface of the second element.
  • the first element passes, at least in part, the sunlight when the two elements are deployed.
  • These elements are arranged in such a way that the light is directed towards the active photovoltaic surface of the cells located on the lower surface of the first element and / or on the upper surface of the second element.
  • FIG. 1 shows a partial perspective view of a blind or awning having a first element superimposed on a second element according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 shows a partial perspective view of the blind or awning according to a second embodiment.
  • FIG. 3 shows a partial perspective view of the blind or awning according to a third embodiment.
  • FIG. 4 shows a partial side view of Figure 3.
  • FIG. 5 shows a partial perspective view of the blind or awning according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 shows a partial perspective view of the blind or awning according to a fifth embodiment.
  • FIG. 7 shows a partial perspective view of the top of the blind according to a sixth embodiment.
  • FIG. 8 represents a partial perspective view of FIG. 7.
  • Fig. 9 shows a detailed view of Fig. 8.
  • FIG. 10 shows a partial perspective view of the blind or awning according to a seventh embodiment.
  • FIG. 11 shows a cross section of a bar having a Fresnel lens and a photovoltaic cell according to the sixth or seventh embodiment.
  • FIG. 12 shows a partial perspective view of a support according to a winding variant of one of the aforementioned embodiments.
  • FIG. 13 shows a perspective view of the canopy with two rails.
  • FIG. 14 represents a partial front view of FIG. 13.
  • FIG. 15 shows respectively a curved blade and a perforated blade.
  • FIG. 16 shows a front view of a gear motor and an axial support having a ring.
  • FIG. 17 shows a cross sectional view of the gear motor and axial support.
  • the first and the second element (1, 2) of the blind or awning are respectively a first web (1) said upper and a second web (2) said lower.
  • the first fabric (1) is superimposed parallel to the second fabric (2), the latter being of substantially identical dimensions.
  • These webs (1, 2) which are spaced from each other by a certain distance, are likely to wind on two separate supports (3, 4).
  • This film (5) is preferably polyvinyl fluoride sold for example under the trademark Tedlar ® .
  • Other encapsulating films such as "ETFE” can be used. These films have high mechanical and optical properties (transmittance coefficient) for this type of application.
  • the second fabric (2) arranged under the first fabric (1) has on its underside the same appearance as the traditional canvases of the blinds. It can be for example acrylic or cotton.
  • This reflector (7) on the one hand receives a large part of the diffuse and direct solar radiation that has passed through the surface corresponding to the spacing between each cell (6) of the upper fabric (1) and on the other hand redirects a part of these radiations on the underside of the bifacial photovoltaic cells (6) encapsulated in the upper fabric (1).
  • modules consisting of a transparent film as described above in which are encapsulated said cells (6).
  • the dimensions of these are of the order of 80 mm to 120 mm for the length and one to three millimeters for the width.
  • the spacing between each cell (6) is commonly between 0.5 mm and 3 mm. This spacing determines the cost and performance of the module.
  • Several modules may be juxtaposed next to each other so as to constitute the entire surface of the upper fabric (1).
  • the supports (3, 4) on which the webs (1, 2) can be wound are cylindrical, elliptical or polygonal tubes.
  • the upper web (1) formed of said modules as well as the lower fabric (2) comprising the reflector (7) have a small thickness allowing the integration of said webs (1, 2) into a blind box (8) once those they are totally wound on the supports (3, 4).
  • One end of the canvases (1, 2) are fixed to the support (3, 4) the other of its ends being preferably fixed to a lambrequin (9) ( Figure 6 and 7).
  • the distance between the upper fabric (1) and the lower fabric (2) is chosen between 10 mm and 100 mm.
  • the upper fabric (1) is composed of a plurality of ribbons (10) consisting of flexible bifacial thin films, 10 to 300 ⁇ m thick, comprising single-junction photovoltaic cells, for example mono and polycrystalline silicon or gallium arsenide (GaAs), or multiple junctions composed of hetero structures such as the "GalnP / GaAs / Ge” alloy.
  • CdTe can also be used.
  • a transparent film strip (11) preferably of polyvinyl fluoride is arranged on either side of each ribbon (10) so that a a large part of diffuse and direct solar radiation can reach the reflector (7).
  • the latter redirects these rays on the underside of the photovoltaic cells inherent to the thin films (10) encapsulated in the upper fabric (1).
  • This set of two canvases (1, 2) superimposed to meet the constraints of weight, cost and radiation.
  • the surface of the flexible bifacial thin films (10) comprising photovoltaic cells is divided by two. This surface is identical to the surface of the transparent film strip (11) which separates said films (10) and allows the underside of the photovoltaic cells inherent to the thin films (10) to receive solar radiation through the reflector (7).
  • the supports (3, 4) are replaced by a single support consisting of a single tube (12) (FIG. 12) on which the two canvases (1, 2) can wrap.
  • An additional rotating tube (13) is arranged near the tube (12) to maintain a constant gap between the webs (1, 2).
  • each of the transparent strips (11) of the second embodiment is replaced by a series of preferably linear Fresnel lenses (14) (FIGS. 3 and 4).
  • Each lens (14) concentrates direct solar radiation onto a line of single or multiple silicon or single or multiple junction photovoltaic cells (15) arranged on the reflector (7).
  • the underside of the thin bifacial films (10) exposed to the reflective film (7) have the particularity of also receiving the infrared radiation from heating the cells (15) subjected to concentrated radiation by the Fresnel lenses. (14).
  • Direct solar radiation can be concentrated up to 2000 times on certain multi-junction photovoltaic cells. However, it is best not to concentrate direct sunlight beyond 500 times to avoid problems resulting from warming of these cells.
  • the upper fabric (1) consists of a flexible and transparent film (16) entirely formed of several rows of linear Fresnel lenses (17).
  • a thin wire (not shown) metal or plastic is bonded between the lenses (17) and the silicone film that covers them to ensure the flexibility of the film (16) while providing a constant rigidity.
  • the lower fabric (2) has a plurality of blades (18) on which lines of photovoltaic cells (19) are arranged, said blades (18) being arranged on the focal lines of the Fresnel lenses (17).
  • the two canvases (1, 2) can be wound separately or commonly respectively on the tube (12) or on two motorized tubes (21, 22) capable of actuating cables or belts (not illustrated ) positioned in slides (23), which are arranged on each lateral side of the webs (1, 2).
  • the cables or belts are held taut by means of pulleys (24, 25) confined in the slides (23).
  • the distance between the two canvases (1, 2) determines the height of said rails (23). This distance depends on the focal length of the Fresnel lenses (17) used. It is generally between 50 mm and 500 mm.
  • the linear Fresnel lenses (17) are replaced by concentric Fresnel lenses (26) and the photovoltaic cell lines (19) arranged on the lower fabric (2) are replaced by photovoltaic cells (27) arranged on each focal point of the concentric Fresnel lens (26) ( Figure 6).
  • Several polygons (34) are arranged at least at each end of the tube-shaped support (3). When folding the awning or the awning, the linear parabolas (30) are wound on the tube (3) while the straps (33) are adjusted on the periphery of the polygons (34). The assembly points of the strap (33) with the canvas
  • each bar (28) is covered with a ribbon of photovoltaic cells (35) to which are adjusted at approximately 10 mm a row of Fresnel lenses (36) preferably concentric ( Figure 11).
  • the bars (28) are arranged to position the lenses (36) on the focal line of each linear parabola (30). This reflects and concentrates the solar radiation, by a factor generally varying between 10 and 20, on the Fresnel lenses (36).
  • Each lens (36) concentrates the radiation back onto the cells (35).
  • These can be by example monocrystalline silicon or multiple junctions having an area of a few mm 2 .
  • a concentration factor of more than 2000 fold can be achieved when the multi-junction cells (35) are used. In this case, the heat released by the latter is dissipated through the bars (28), the latter being cooled by natural ventilation.
  • the bars (28) are generally tubular.
  • the wire or plastic (32) is replaced by a perforated blade (32 '). It has sufficient rigidity to maintain the parabola beam (30) on a single plane without the use of the straps (33).
  • the efficiency of the cells (35) inherent in this embodiment is practically unaffected by the displacement of the sun on the east-west axis.
  • the set of bars (28) is arranged under the fabric (1).
  • This consists of the flexible and transparent film (16) formed entirely of linear Fresnel lenses (17) as described in the fourth embodiment.
  • the upper surface of said bars (28) comprises cells (37) on which other Fresnel lenses (38) are preferably concentric.
  • the blind or awning generally comprises a system of inclination of the webs (1, 2) on the north-south axis controlled by electric cylinders (not shown).
  • Certain embodiments may include a gear motor (39) for pivoting said webs (1, 2) on the east-west axis via a ring gear (40) arranged on an axial support (41).
  • a programmed clock makes it possible to control the geared motor (39) and / or the cylinders in order to position the canvases (1, 2) at any time of the day perpendicular to the solar radiation so as to obtain a maximum yield.
  • the sunblind or awning a simple solar protection for terraces, pergolas or gardens, becomes a heliostat capable of transforming the maximum amount of solar energy into electrical energy throughout the year.
  • the present invention has a multitude of advantages:
  • the area used by the photovoltaic cells is divided approximately by two, which significantly reduces the manufacturing cost.
  • the electrical efficiency is amplified thanks to the optimal exploitation of direct and diffuse solar radiation as well as infrared radiation coming from heating the reflector (7) and solar cells.

Abstract

The invention relates to a blind or awning photo-generator comprising first and second elements (1, 2) which are embodied in the form of a flexible cloth or an arrangement of bars (28) and movable between the folded and unfolded positions. The first element (1) is superimposed in a parallel position on the second element (2) at a certain distance when they are unfolded. Photovoltaic cells (6, 15, 20, 35, 37) are arranged on one and/ or another element (1, 2) in such a way that the active photovoltaic surface of said cells (6, 15, 20, 35, 37) is located on the top and/or lower surface of the first element (1) and/or the top surface of the second element (2). The first element (1) allows sun light to pass at least partially when said two elements are arranged in such a way that the light is directed to the active photovoltaic surface of the cells (6, 15, 20, 35, 37) located on the lower surface of the first element (1) and/or on the top surface of the second element (2).

Description

STORE OU VELUM PHOTO-GENERATEUR STORE OR PHOTO-GENERATOR VELUM
La présente invention est relative au domaine photovoltaïque, plus particulièrement à un store ou à un vélum photo-générateur comportant des cellules photovoltaïques de manière à assurer non seulement une protection solaire habituelle inhérente aux stores ou aux vélums mais aussi la production d'électricité.The present invention relates to the photovoltaic field, more particularly to a blind or a photo-generator awning comprising photovoltaic cells so as to ensure not only a usual sun protection inherent in blinds or awnings but also the production of electricity.
L'intégration de toiles ou nappes de cellules photovoltaïques à des stores utilisés entre autres pour les terrasses ou les balcons fait déjà partie de l'état de la technique. La publication WO 02/084044 décrit un store comportant d'une part une toile dans laquelle sont encapsulées selon une succession de rangées des cellules photovoltaïques de préférence rigides et d'autre part un tube polygonale sur lequel ladite toile est susceptible de venir s'enrouler. L'espacement entre deux rangées adjacentes de cellules permet le maintien de celles-ci selon un plan parallèle à l'un des côtés du polygone définissant le tube.The integration of webs or sheets of photovoltaic cells to blinds used inter alia for terraces or balconies is already part of the state of the art. The publication WO 02/084044 discloses a blind comprising on the one hand a web in which are encapsulated in a succession of rows photovoltaic cells preferably rigid and on the other hand a polygonal tube on which said fabric is likely to wrap . The spacing between two adjacent rows of cells allows them to be held in a plane parallel to one of the sides of the polygon defining the tube.
La publication WO 99/61721 divulgue quant à elle un dispositif similaire comportant une toile sur laquelle sont disposées des cellules photovoltaïques flexibles, ladite toile étant susceptible de venir s'enrouler sur un tube cylindrique.The publication WO 99/61721 discloses a similar device comprising a fabric on which flexible photovoltaic cells are arranged, said fabric being capable of coming to wind on a cylindrical tube.
Les cellules solaires utilisées par ces dispositifs ont le désavantage de présenter un rapport rendement/ coût relativement faible.The solar cells used by these devices have the disadvantage of having a relatively low yield / cost ratio.
Le but de la présente invention est de proposer un store ou un vélum comportant une première toile superposée à une seconde toile, la configuration de ces toiles permettant d'augmenter sensiblement le rendement électrique du store tout en limitant le coût important provenant des cellules photovoltaïques. Conformément à l'invention, ce but est atteint grâce à un store ou à un vélum photo-générateur selon la revendication 1. Ce store ou ce vélum comporte un premier et un deuxième élément sous forme de toile flexible ou d'un ensemble de barres. Ces deux éléments peuvent évoluer entre une position rétractée et une position déployée, le premier élément étant superposé généralement parallèlement sur le deuxième élément à une certaine distance lorsque ceux-ci sont déployés. Des cellules photovoltaïques sont agencées sur l'un et/ ou l'autre de ces éléments, la surface photovoltaïque active desdites cellules étant situées sur la surface supérieure et/ ou inférieur du premier élément et/ ou sur la surface supérieure du deuxième élément. Le premier élément laisse passer, au moins en partie, la lumière du soleil lorsque les deux éléments sont déployés. Ces éléments sont agencés de manière à ce que la lumière soit dirigée sur la surface photovoltaïque active des cellules situées sur la surface inférieure du premier élément et/ ou sur la surface supérieure du deuxième élément.The object of the present invention is to provide a blind or awning having a first fabric superimposed on a second fabric, the configuration of these fabrics to significantly increase the electrical efficiency of the awning while limiting the significant cost from photovoltaic cells. According to the invention, this object is achieved by means of a blind or a photo-generator awning according to claim 1. This awning or awning comprises a first and a second element in the form of a flexible fabric or a set of bars. . These two elements can move between a retracted position and a deployed position, the first element being superimposed generally parallel to the second element at a distance when they are deployed. Photovoltaic cells are arranged on one and / or the other of these elements, the active photovoltaic surface of said cells being located on the upper and / or lower surface of the first element and / or on the upper surface of the second element. The first element passes, at least in part, the sunlight when the two elements are deployed. These elements are arranged in such a way that the light is directed towards the active photovoltaic surface of the cells located on the lower surface of the first element and / or on the upper surface of the second element.
Les caractéristiques de l'invention apparaîtront plus clairement à la lecture d'une description de plusieurs formes d'exécution données uniquement à titre d'exemple, nullement limitative en se référant aux figures schématiques, dans lesquelles :The characteristics of the invention will appear more clearly on reading a description of several embodiments given solely by way of example, in no way limiting with reference to the schematic figures, in which:
- La figure 1 représente une vue partielle en perspective d'un store ou d'un vélum comportant un premier élément superposé à un deuxième élément selon un premier mode d'exécution de la présente invention.- Figure 1 shows a partial perspective view of a blind or awning having a first element superimposed on a second element according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- La figure 2 représente une vue partielle en perspective du store ou du vélum selon un deuxième mode d'exécution.- Figure 2 shows a partial perspective view of the blind or awning according to a second embodiment.
- La figure 3 représente une vue partielle en perspective du store ou du vélum selon un troisième mode d'exécution.- Figure 3 shows a partial perspective view of the blind or awning according to a third embodiment.
- La figure 4 représente une vue partielle de côté de la figure 3. - La figure 5 représente une vue partielle en perspective du store ou du vélum selon un quatrième mode d'exécution de la présente invention.- Figure 4 shows a partial side view of Figure 3. - Figure 5 shows a partial perspective view of the blind or awning according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- La figure 6 représente une vue partielle en perspective du store ou du vélum selon un cinquième mode d'exécution.- Figure 6 shows a partial perspective view of the blind or awning according to a fifth embodiment.
- La figure 7 représente une vue partielle en perspective du dessus du store selon un sixième mode d'exécution.- Figure 7 shows a partial perspective view of the top of the blind according to a sixth embodiment.
- La figure 8 représente une vue partielle en perspective de la figure 7.FIG. 8 represents a partial perspective view of FIG. 7.
- La figue 9 représente une vue détaillée de la figure 8.Fig. 9 shows a detailed view of Fig. 8.
- La figure 10 représente une vue partielle en perspective du store ou du vélum selon un septième mode d'exécution.- Figure 10 shows a partial perspective view of the blind or awning according to a seventh embodiment.
- La figure 11 représente une coupe transversale d'une barre comportant une lentille de Fresnel et une cellule photovoitaïque selon le sixième ou le septième mode d'exécution.- Figure 11 shows a cross section of a bar having a Fresnel lens and a photovoltaic cell according to the sixth or seventh embodiment.
- La figure 12 représente une vue en perspective partielle d'un support selon une variante d'enroulement d'un des modes d'exécution précités.- Figure 12 shows a partial perspective view of a support according to a winding variant of one of the aforementioned embodiments.
- La figure 13 représente une vue en perspective du vélum comportant deux glissières.- Figure 13 shows a perspective view of the canopy with two rails.
- La figure 14 représente une vue partielle de face de la figure 13.FIG. 14 represents a partial front view of FIG. 13.
- La figure 15 représente respectivement une lame cintrée et une lame perforée.- Figure 15 shows respectively a curved blade and a perforated blade.
- La figure 16 représente une vue de face d'un moto réducteur et d'un support axial comportant un couronne.- Figure 16 shows a front view of a gear motor and an axial support having a ring.
- La figure 17 représente une vue en coupe transversale du moto réducteur et du support axial. Selon un premier mode d'exécution de la présente invention (Figure 1), le premier et le deuxième élément (1 , 2) du store ou du vélum sont respectivement une première toile (1) dite supérieure et une seconde toile (2) dite inférieure. La première toile (1) est superposée parallèlement sur la seconde toiles (2), celles-ci étant de dimensions sensiblement identiques. Ces toiles (1 , 2), qui sont espacées l'une de l'autre d'une certaine distance, sont susceptibles de s'enrouler sur deux supports distincts (3, 4). Un film transparent (5), à l'intérieur duquel sont encapsulées des cellules photovoltaïques bifaciales (6) en lamelles disponible sous la marque Sliver, constitue la totalité de la toile supérieure (1). Ce film (5) est de préférence en poly-fluorure de Vinyle vendu par exemple sous la marque Tedlar®. D'autres films d'encapsulation tel que le « ETFE » peuvent être utilisés. Ces films présentent des propriétés mécaniques et optiques (coefficient de transmittance élevé) optimales pour ce genre d'applications.- Figure 17 shows a cross sectional view of the gear motor and axial support. According to a first embodiment of the present invention (FIG. 1), the first and the second element (1, 2) of the blind or awning are respectively a first web (1) said upper and a second web (2) said lower. The first fabric (1) is superimposed parallel to the second fabric (2), the latter being of substantially identical dimensions. These webs (1, 2), which are spaced from each other by a certain distance, are likely to wind on two separate supports (3, 4). A transparent film (5), inside which are encapsulated bifacial photovoltaic cells (6) slats available under the brand Sliver, is the entire upper fabric (1). This film (5) is preferably polyvinyl fluoride sold for example under the trademark Tedlar ® . Other encapsulating films such as "ETFE" can be used. These films have high mechanical and optical properties (transmittance coefficient) for this type of application.
La seconde toile (2) agencée sous la première toile (1) présente sur sa face inférieure le même aspect que les toiles traditionnelles des stores. Elle peut être par exemple en acrylique ou en coton. En revanche, sa face supérieure est totalement recouverte par un réflecteur souple (7) en film plastique (par exemple en PET) métallisé (Ag ou Al) de 12 μm contrecollé. Ce réflecteur (7) d'une part reçoit une large part des rayonnements solaires diffus et directs qui ont traversé la surface correspondant à l'espacement entre chaque cellule (6) de la toile supérieure (1) et d'autre part redirige une partie de ces rayonnements sur la face inférieure des cellules photovoltaïques bifaciales (6) encapsulées dans la toile supérieure (1).The second fabric (2) arranged under the first fabric (1) has on its underside the same appearance as the traditional canvases of the blinds. It can be for example acrylic or cotton. On the other hand, its upper face is completely covered by a flexible reflector (7) of plastic film (for example PET) metallized (Ag or Al) of 12 μm laminated. This reflector (7) on the one hand receives a large part of the diffuse and direct solar radiation that has passed through the surface corresponding to the spacing between each cell (6) of the upper fabric (1) and on the other hand redirects a part of these radiations on the underside of the bifacial photovoltaic cells (6) encapsulated in the upper fabric (1).
II existe différents modules flexibles constitués d'un film transparent tel que décrit ci-dessus dans lequel sont encapsulées lesdites cellules (6). Les dimensions de celles-ci sont de l'ordre de 80 mm à 120 mm pour la longueur et d'un à trois millimètres pour la largeur. L'espacement entre chaque cellule (6) se situe communément entre 0.5 mm et 3 mm. Cet espacement détermine le coût et le rendement du module. Plusieurs modules peuvent être juxtaposés les uns à côté des autres de manière à constituer la totalité de la surface de la toile supérieure (1).There are various flexible modules consisting of a transparent film as described above in which are encapsulated said cells (6). The dimensions of these are of the order of 80 mm to 120 mm for the length and one to three millimeters for the width. The spacing between each cell (6) is commonly between 0.5 mm and 3 mm. This spacing determines the cost and performance of the module. Several modules may be juxtaposed next to each other so as to constitute the entire surface of the upper fabric (1).
Les supports (3, 4) sur lesquels les toiles (1 , 2) peuvent s'enrouler sont des tubes cylindrique, elliptique ou polygonal. La toile supérieure (1) formée desdits modules ainsi que la toile inférieure (2) comportant le réflecteur (7) possèdent une faible épaisseur permettant l'intégration desdites toiles (1 , 2) dans un coffre de store (8) une fois que celles-ci soient totalement enroulées sur les support (3, 4). L'une des extrémités des toiles (1 , 2) sont fixées au support (3, 4) l'autre de ses extrémités étant fixées dé préférence à un lambrequin (9) (Figure 6 et 7). Afin d'assurer un rendement optimal des cellules photovoltaïques bifaciales (6), la distance entre la toile supérieure (1) et la toile inférieure (2) est choisie entre 10 mm et 100 mm.The supports (3, 4) on which the webs (1, 2) can be wound are cylindrical, elliptical or polygonal tubes. The upper web (1) formed of said modules as well as the lower fabric (2) comprising the reflector (7) have a small thickness allowing the integration of said webs (1, 2) into a blind box (8) once those they are totally wound on the supports (3, 4). One end of the canvases (1, 2) are fixed to the support (3, 4) the other of its ends being preferably fixed to a lambrequin (9) (Figure 6 and 7). In order to ensure optimal performance of the bifacial photovoltaic cells (6), the distance between the upper fabric (1) and the lower fabric (2) is chosen between 10 mm and 100 mm.
Selon un deuxième mode d'exécution de la présente invention tel qu'illustré par la figure 2, la toile supérieure (1) est composée de plusieurs rubans (10) constitués de films minces bifaciaux flexibles, de 10 à 300 μm d'épaisseur, comportant des cellules photovoltaïques à jonction simple, par exemple en silicium mono et polycristallin ou en Arséniure de Gallium (GaAs), ou à jonctions multiples composées d'hétéro structures tel que l'alliage « GalnP/GaAs/Ge ». Des films minces de type « CIGS », « CulnSe2 » ouAccording to a second embodiment of the present invention as illustrated in FIG. 2, the upper fabric (1) is composed of a plurality of ribbons (10) consisting of flexible bifacial thin films, 10 to 300 μm thick, comprising single-junction photovoltaic cells, for example mono and polycrystalline silicon or gallium arsenide (GaAs), or multiple junctions composed of hetero structures such as the "GalnP / GaAs / Ge" alloy. Thin films of the type "CIGS", "CulnSe2" or
« CdTe » peuvent également être employés."CdTe" can also be used.
Etant donné que l'intégralité de ces films minces (10) est opaque, une bande de film transparent (11) de préférence en poly-fluorure de Vinyle est agencée de part et d'autre de chaque ruban (10) afin qu'une large part des rayonnements solaires diffus et directs puisse atteindre le réflecteur (7). Ce dernier redirige ces rayonnements sur la face inférieure des cellules photovoltaïques inhérentes aux films minces (10) encapsulés dans la toile supérieure (1). Cet ensemble de deux toiles (1 , 2) superposées permet de répondre aux contraintes de poids, de coût et de rayonnement. Quelque soit l'ensoleillement de la région à laquelle sont destinés les stores ou les vélums, la surface des films minces bifaciales flexibles (10) comportant des cellules photovoltaïques est divisée par deux. Cette surface est identique à la surface de la bande de film transparent (11) qui sépare lesdits films (10) et permet à la face inférieure des cellules photovoltaïques inhérentes aux films minces (10) de recevoir le rayonnement solaire par l'intermédiaire du réflecteur (7).Since all of these thin films (10) are opaque, a transparent film strip (11) preferably of polyvinyl fluoride is arranged on either side of each ribbon (10) so that a a large part of diffuse and direct solar radiation can reach the reflector (7). The latter redirects these rays on the underside of the photovoltaic cells inherent to the thin films (10) encapsulated in the upper fabric (1). This set of two canvases (1, 2) superimposed to meet the constraints of weight, cost and radiation. Whatever the sunshine of the region for which the blinds or awnings are intended, the surface of the flexible bifacial thin films (10) comprising photovoltaic cells is divided by two. This surface is identical to the surface of the transparent film strip (11) which separates said films (10) and allows the underside of the photovoltaic cells inherent to the thin films (10) to receive solar radiation through the reflector (7).
Selon une variante des deux premiers modes d'exécution, les supports (3, 4) sont remplacés par un seul et unique support constitué d'un seul tube (12) (Figure 12) sur lequel les deux toiles (1 , 2) peuvent s'enrouler. Un tube additionnel rotatif (13) est agencé à proximité du tube (12) afin de maintenir un écart constant entre les toiles (1 , 2).According to a variant of the first two embodiments, the supports (3, 4) are replaced by a single support consisting of a single tube (12) (FIG. 12) on which the two canvases (1, 2) can wrap. An additional rotating tube (13) is arranged near the tube (12) to maintain a constant gap between the webs (1, 2).
Dans un troisième mode d'exécution de la présente invention, chacune des bandes transparentes (11) du deuxième mode d'exécution est remplacée par une série de lentilles de Fresnel (14) de préférence linéaire (Figure 3 et 4).In a third embodiment of the present invention, each of the transparent strips (11) of the second embodiment is replaced by a series of preferably linear Fresnel lenses (14) (FIGS. 3 and 4).
Il est connu d'utiliser des lentilles de Fresnel dans le domaine de l'aérospatial. A rendements égaux, ces lentilles permettent de diviser de 10 à 100 fois la surface des cellules photovoltaïques. Le document US 6,111 ,190 décrit un tel dispositif constitué de lentilles de Fresnel expansibles.It is known to use Fresnel lenses in the field of aerospace. At equal yields, these lenses make it possible to divide the surface of the photovoltaic cells by 10 to 100 times. US 6,111,190 discloses such a device consisting of expandable Fresnel lenses.
Chaque lentille (14) concentre le rayonnement solaire direct sur une ligne de cellules photovoltaïques (15) en silicium ou à jonction simple ou multiples agencée sur le réflecteur (7). Dans ce mode d'exécution, la face inférieure des films minces bifaciales (10) exposée au film réflecteur (7) présentent la particularité de recevoir également le rayonnement infrarouge provenant de réchauffement des cellules (15) soumises au rayonnement concentré par les lentilles de Fresnel (14). Le rayonnement solaire direct peut être concentré jusqu'à 2000 fois sur certaines cellules photovoltaïques à jonctions multiples. Toutefois, il est préférable de ne pas concentrer le rayonnement solaire direct au-delà de 500 fois afin d'éviter des problèmes résultant de réchauffement de ces cellules.Each lens (14) concentrates direct solar radiation onto a line of single or multiple silicon or single or multiple junction photovoltaic cells (15) arranged on the reflector (7). In this embodiment, the underside of the thin bifacial films (10) exposed to the reflective film (7) have the particularity of also receiving the infrared radiation from heating the cells (15) subjected to concentrated radiation by the Fresnel lenses. (14). Direct solar radiation can be concentrated up to 2000 times on certain multi-junction photovoltaic cells. However, it is best not to concentrate direct sunlight beyond 500 times to avoid problems resulting from warming of these cells.
Selon un quatrième mode d'exécution (Figure 5), la toile supérieure (1) est constituée d'un film (16) souple et transparent entièrement formé de plusieurs rangées de lentilles de Fresnel linéaire (17). Un fin treillis (non illustré) métallique ou en plastique est collé entre les lentilles (17) et le film de silicone qui les recouvre afin d'assurer la flexibilité du film (16) tout en lui apportant une rigidité constante. La toile inférieure (2) comporte plusieurs lames (18) sur lesquels des lignes de cellules photovoltaïques (19) sont disposées, lesdites lames (18) étant agencées sur les lignes focales des lentilles de Fresnel (17).According to a fourth embodiment (FIG. 5), the upper fabric (1) consists of a flexible and transparent film (16) entirely formed of several rows of linear Fresnel lenses (17). A thin wire (not shown) metal or plastic is bonded between the lenses (17) and the silicone film that covers them to ensure the flexibility of the film (16) while providing a constant rigidity. The lower fabric (2) has a plurality of blades (18) on which lines of photovoltaic cells (19) are arranged, said blades (18) being arranged on the focal lines of the Fresnel lenses (17).
Selon la figure 12 ou 14, les deux toiles (1 , 2) peuvent s'enrouler séparément ou communément respectivement sur le tube (12) ou sur deux tubes (21 , 22) motorisés capable d'actionné des câbles ou courroies (non illustrés) positionnés dans des glissières (23), lesquelles sont agencées de chaque côté latéral des toiles (1 , 2). Les câbles ou courroies sont maintenus tendus par l'intermédiaire de poulies (24, 25) confinées dans les glissières (23). La distance entre les deux toiles (1 , 2) détermine la hauteur desdites glissières (23). Cette distance dépend de la distance focale des lentilles de Fresnel (17) utilisées. Elle se situe généralement entre 50 mm et 500 mm.According to FIG. 12 or 14, the two canvases (1, 2) can be wound separately or commonly respectively on the tube (12) or on two motorized tubes (21, 22) capable of actuating cables or belts (not illustrated ) positioned in slides (23), which are arranged on each lateral side of the webs (1, 2). The cables or belts are held taut by means of pulleys (24, 25) confined in the slides (23). The distance between the two canvases (1, 2) determines the height of said rails (23). This distance depends on the focal length of the Fresnel lenses (17) used. It is generally between 50 mm and 500 mm.
Selon un cinquième mode d'exécution de la présente invention, les lentilles de Fresnel linéaires (17) sont remplacées par des lentilles de Fresnel concentriques (26) et les lignes de cellules photovoltaïques (19) disposées sur la toile inférieure (2) sont remplacées par des cellules photovoltaïques (27) agencées sur chaque point focal de la lentille de Fresnel concentrique (26) (Figure 6).According to a fifth embodiment of the present invention, the linear Fresnel lenses (17) are replaced by concentric Fresnel lenses (26) and the photovoltaic cell lines (19) arranged on the lower fabric (2) are replaced by photovoltaic cells (27) arranged on each focal point of the concentric Fresnel lens (26) (Figure 6).
Selon un sixième mode d'exécution (Figure 7, 8 et 9), le premier élément (1) est constitué d'un ensemble de barres (28) rigides en aluminium supportées par des tiges articulées (29) permettant de mouvoir lesdites barres (28) entre une position rétractée et une position déployée. Le deuxième élément (2) quant à lui est constitué de la toile (2) composée d'une succession de paraboles linéaires (30), lesdites paraboles (30) étant recouverte d'un réflecteur (31). Un fil métallique ou en plastique (32) à mémoire de forme (Figure 15) est agencé entre le réflecteur (31) et la toile (2) afin que le faisceau de chaque parabole (30) présente une largeur identique se situant entre 100 mm et 500 mm lorsque la toile (2) est complètement déployée.According to a sixth embodiment (FIGS. 7, 8 and 9), the first element (1) consists of a set of rigid aluminum bars (28) supported by articulated rods (29) for moving said bars (28) between a retracted position and an extended position. The second element (2) consists of the web (2) composed of a succession of linear parabolas (30), said parabolas (30) being covered with a reflector (31). A metal or plastic wire (32) with shape memory (Figure 15) is arranged between the reflector (31) and the fabric (2) so that the beam of each dish (30) has an identical width of between 100 mm and 500 mm when the fabric (2) is fully extended.
Plusieurs sangles (33) sont agencées à intervalles réguliers perpendiculairement aux paraboles linéaires (30) sur toute la longueur de la toile (2), deux d'entre elles étant agencées de chaque côté de ladite toile (2).Several straps (33) are arranged at regular intervals perpendicular to the linear parabolas (30) along the entire length of the fabric (2), two of them being arranged on each side of said fabric (2).
Ces sangles (33), dont l'une de leurs extrémités est solidaire du support (3) et l'autre de leurs extrémités est solidaire du lambrequin (9), assurent le maintien desdites paraboles (30) sur un seul plan. Plusieurs polygones (34) sont agencés au moins à chaque extrémité du support (3) en forme de tube. Lors du repliement du store ou du vélum, les paraboles linéaires (30) s'enroulent sur le tube (3) tandis que les sangles (33) viennent s'ajuster sur le pourtour des polygones (34). Les points d'assemblage de la sangle (33) avec Ia toileThese straps (33), one of their ends is integral with the support (3) and the other of their ends is integral with the lambrequin (9), ensure the maintenance of said parabolas (30) in a single plane. Several polygons (34) are arranged at least at each end of the tube-shaped support (3). When folding the awning or the awning, the linear parabolas (30) are wound on the tube (3) while the straps (33) are adjusted on the periphery of the polygons (34). The assembly points of the strap (33) with the canvas
(2) sont positionnés sur un des sommets du polygone (34) qui est tangent à la surface du tube (3). Ce mode d'enroulement permet aux sangles (33) d'être toujours tendues lorsque la toile (2) s'enroule sur le support (3).(2) are positioned on one of the vertices of the polygon (34) which is tangent to the surface of the tube (3). This winding mode allows the straps (33) to be always stretched when the fabric (2) is wound on the support (3).
La surface inférieure de chaque barre (28) est recouverte d'un ruban de cellules photovoltaïques (35) sur lesquelles sont ajustées à environ 10 mm une rangée des lentilles de Fresnel (36) de préférence concentriques (Figure 11). Lesdites barres (28) sont agencées de manière à positionner les lentilles (36) sur la ligne focale de chaque parabole linéaire (30). Celle-ci réfléchi et concentre le rayonnement solaire, par un facteur variant généralement entre 10 et 20, sur les lentilles de Fresnel (36). Chaque lentille (36) concentre à nouveau le rayonnement sur les cellules (35). Ces dernières peuvent être par exemple en silicium monocristallin ou à jonctions multiples ayant une surface de quelques mm2. Un facteur de concentration de plus de 2000 fois peut être atteint lorsque les cellules (35) à jonctions multiples sont utilisées. Dans ce cas, la chaleur dégagée par ces dernières est dissipée à travers les barres (28), celles-ci étant refroidies par la ventilation naturelle. Afin d'augmenter le coefficient de dissipation de chaleur, les barres (28) sont généralement tubulaires.The lower surface of each bar (28) is covered with a ribbon of photovoltaic cells (35) to which are adjusted at approximately 10 mm a row of Fresnel lenses (36) preferably concentric (Figure 11). The bars (28) are arranged to position the lenses (36) on the focal line of each linear parabola (30). This reflects and concentrates the solar radiation, by a factor generally varying between 10 and 20, on the Fresnel lenses (36). Each lens (36) concentrates the radiation back onto the cells (35). These can be by example monocrystalline silicon or multiple junctions having an area of a few mm 2 . A concentration factor of more than 2000 fold can be achieved when the multi-junction cells (35) are used. In this case, the heat released by the latter is dissipated through the bars (28), the latter being cooled by natural ventilation. In order to increase the coefficient of heat dissipation, the bars (28) are generally tubular.
Dans une variante du sixième mode d'exécution, le fil métallique ou en plastique (32) est remplacé par une lame perforée (32'). Celle-ci possède une rigidité suffisante pour maintenir le faisceau de paraboles (30) sur un seul plan sans l'utilisation des sangles (33).In a variant of the sixth embodiment, the wire or plastic (32) is replaced by a perforated blade (32 '). It has sufficient rigidity to maintain the parabola beam (30) on a single plane without the use of the straps (33).
Contrairement aux modes d'exécution précédents, le rendement des cellules (35) inhérente à ce mode d'exécution n'est pratiquement pas affecté par le déplacement du soleil sur l'axe est-ouest.Unlike previous embodiments, the efficiency of the cells (35) inherent in this embodiment is practically unaffected by the displacement of the sun on the east-west axis.
Selon un septième mode d'exécution de la présente invention, l'ensemble des barres (28) est agencé sous la toile (1). Celle-ci est constituée du film (16) souple et transparent entièrement formé des lentilles de Fresnel linéaire (17) tel que décrit dans le quatrième mode d'exécution. La surface supérieure desdites barres (28) comporte des cellules (37) sur lesquels sont ajustés d'autres lentilles de Fresnel (38) de préférence concentriques.According to a seventh embodiment of the present invention, the set of bars (28) is arranged under the fabric (1). This consists of the flexible and transparent film (16) formed entirely of linear Fresnel lenses (17) as described in the fourth embodiment. The upper surface of said bars (28) comprises cells (37) on which other Fresnel lenses (38) are preferably concentric.
Le store ou le vélum, décrit selon les différents modes d'exécution susmentionnés, comporte généralement un système d'inclinaison des toiles (1 , 2) sur l'axe nord-sud commandé par des vérins électriques (non illustrés). Certain modes d'exécution peuvent comporter un moto réducteur (39) destiné à pivoter lesdites toiles (1 , 2) sur l'axe est-ouest par l'intermédiaire d'une couronne (40) agencée sur un support axial (41).The blind or awning, described according to the various embodiments mentioned above, generally comprises a system of inclination of the webs (1, 2) on the north-south axis controlled by electric cylinders (not shown). Certain embodiments may include a gear motor (39) for pivoting said webs (1, 2) on the east-west axis via a ring gear (40) arranged on an axial support (41).
Une horloge programmée permet de commander le moto réducteur (39) et/ ou les vérins afin de positionner les toiles (1 , 2) à tout instant de la journée perpendiculairement au rayonnement solaire de manière à obtenir un rendement maximum.A programmed clock makes it possible to control the geared motor (39) and / or the cylinders in order to position the canvases (1, 2) at any time of the day perpendicular to the solar radiation so as to obtain a maximum yield.
Le store ou le vélum, simple protection solaire destiné aux terrasses, pergolas ou jardins, devient ainsi un héliostat capable de transformer le maximum d'énergie solaire en énergie électrique tout au long de l'année.The sunblind or awning, a simple solar protection for terraces, pergolas or gardens, becomes a heliostat capable of transforming the maximum amount of solar energy into electrical energy throughout the year.
Selon les différents modes d'exécution exposés plus haut, la présente invention présente une multitude d'avantages :According to the various embodiments described above, the present invention has a multitude of advantages:
- La surface utilisée par les cellules photovoltaïques est divisée approximativement par deux, ce qui réduit sensiblement le coût de fabrication.- The area used by the photovoltaic cells is divided approximately by two, which significantly reduces the manufacturing cost.
- Le poids du store ou du vélum en est réduit considérablement.- The weight of the awning or the awning is reduced considerably.
- Le rendement électrique est amplifié grâce à l'exploitation optimale des rayonnements solaires directs et diffus ainsi que des rayonnements infrarouge provenant de réchauffement du réflecteur (7) et des cellules solaires. - The electrical efficiency is amplified thanks to the optimal exploitation of direct and diffuse solar radiation as well as infrared radiation coming from heating the reflector (7) and solar cells.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Store ou vélum photo-générateur, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un premier et un deuxième élément (1 , 2) sous forme d'une toile flexible ou d'un ensemble de barres (28), les deux éléments (1 , 2) pouvant évoluer entre une position rétractée et une position déployée, le premier élément1. Store or photo-generating awl, characterized in that it comprises a first and a second element (1, 2) in the form of a flexible fabric or a set of bars (28), the two elements (1 , 2) capable of evolving between a retracted position and an extended position, the first element
(1) étant superposé généralement parallèlement sur le deuxième élément(1) being superimposed generally parallel on the second element
(2) à une certaine distance lorsque ceux-ci sont déployés, des cellules photovoltaïques (6, 15, 20, 35, 37) étant agencées sur l'un et/ ou l'autre de ces éléments (1 , 2), la surface photovoltaïque active desdites cellules (6, 15, 20, 35, 37) étant située sur la surface supérieure et/ ou inférieure du premier élément (1) et/ ou sur la surface supérieure du deuxième élément (2), le premier élément (1) laissant passer, au moins en partie, la lumière du soleil lorsque les deux éléments (1, 2) sont déployés, les deux éléments (1, 2) étant agencés de manière à ce que la lumière soit dirigée sur la surface photovoltaïque active desdites cellules (6, 15, 20, 35, 37) situées sur la surface inférieure du premier élément (1) et/ ou sur la surface supérieure du deuxième élément (2).(2) at a distance when they are deployed, photovoltaic cells (6, 15, 20, 35, 37) being arranged on one and / or the other of these elements (1, 2), the active photovoltaic surface of said cells (6, 15, 20, 35, 37) being located on the upper and / or lower surface of the first element (1) and / or on the upper surface of the second element (2), the first element ( 1) permitting, at least in part, the sunlight when the two elements (1, 2) are deployed, the two elements (1, 2) being arranged so that the light is directed on the active photovoltaic surface said cells (6, 15, 20, 35, 37) located on the lower surface of the first member (1) and / or on the upper surface of the second member (2).
2. Store ou vélum photo-générateur selon la revendication 1 , caractérisé en ce que le deuxième élément (2) est une toile comportant sur sa surface supérieure un réflecteur (7).2. blind or photo-generating awning according to claim 1, characterized in that the second element (2) is a fabric having on its upper surface a reflector (7).
3. Store ou vélum photo-générateur selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que le premier élément (1) est une toile, susceptible d'être enroulée sur un support (3), ladite toile (1) étant constituée d'un film transparent (5) comportant des cellules photovoltaïques bifaciales (6), le deuxième élément (2) étant susceptible d'être enroulée soit sur le support (3) soit sur un deuxième support (4).3. blind or photo-generating awning according to claim 2, characterized in that the first element (1) is a fabric, capable of being wound on a support (3), said fabric (1) consisting of a film transparent lens (5) comprising bifacial photovoltaic cells (6), the second element (2) being capable of being wound either on the support (3) or on a second support (4).
4. Store ou vélum photo-générateur selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que lesdites cellules (6) sont encapsulées dans le film transparent (5). 5. Store ou vélum photo-générateur selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que l'espacement entre chaque cellule photovoltaïque (6) encapsulée se situe entre 0.4. blind or photo-generating awl according to claim 3, characterized in that said cells (6) are encapsulated in the transparent film (5). 5. Blind or photo-generator awning according to claim 4, characterized in that the spacing between each encapsulated photovoltaic cell (6) is between 0.
5 et 3 mm.5 and 3 mm.
6. Store ou vélum photo-générateur selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que le premier élément (1) est une toile formée de plusieurs rubans (10) constitués de films minces bifaciaux flexibles comportant des cellules photovoltaïques, chacun des desdits rubans (10) étant séparé par une bande de film transparent (11), le deuxième élément (2) réfléchissant le rayonnement solaire direct et diffus ayant traversé lesdites bandes (11) sur la face inférieure des films (10).6. blind or photo-generating awning according to claim 2, characterized in that the first element (1) is a web formed of several ribbons (10) consisting of flexible bifacial thin films comprising photovoltaic cells, each of said ribbons (10). ) being separated by a transparent film strip (11), the second element (2) reflecting the direct and diffuse solar radiation having passed through said strips (11) on the underside of the films (10).
7. Store ou vélum photo-générateur selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que chaque bande transparente (11) est constituée de lentilles de Fresnel linéaires (14), lesquelles concentrent le rayonnement solaire directe sur une ligne de cellules photovoltaïques (15) agencée sur le réflecteur (7).7. blind or photo-generating awning according to claim 6, characterized in that each transparent strip (11) consists of linear Fresnel lenses (14), which concentrate the direct solar radiation on a line of photovoltaic cells (15) arranged on the reflector (7).
8. Store ou vélum photo-générateur selon la revendication 1 , caractérisé en ce que le premier élément (1) est une toile constituée d'un film (16) souple et transparent entièrement formé de plusieurs lentilles de Fresnel linéaires (17) destinées à concentrer la rayonnement direct du soleil sur plusieurs lignes de cellules photovoltaïques (19) agencées sur la surface supérieure du deuxième élément (2), ledit deuxième élément (2) étant également une toile.8. blind or photo-generating awl according to claim 1, characterized in that the first element (1) is a fabric consisting of a film (16) flexible and transparent entirely formed of several linear Fresnel lenses (17) for concentrating the direct radiation of the sun on several lines of photovoltaic cells (19) arranged on the upper surface of the second element (2), said second element (2) also being a fabric.
9. Store ou vélum photo-générateur selon la revendication 1 , caractérisé en ce que l'élément (1) est une toile constituée d'un film (16) souple et transparent comportant des lentilles de Fresnel concentriques (26) destinés à concentrer le rayonnement direct du soleil sur plusieurs cellules photovoltaïques (27) agencées sur la surface supérieure du deuxième élément (2), ledit deuxième élément (2) étant également une toile. 9. blind or photo-generating awning according to claim 1, characterized in that the element (1) is a fabric consisting of a flexible film and transparent with concentric Fresnel lenses (26) for concentrating the direct sun radiation on a plurality of photovoltaic cells (27) arranged on the upper surface of the second element (2), said second element (2) also being a fabric.
10. Store ou vélum photo-générateur selon la revendication 1 , caractérisé en ce que d'une part le premier élément (1) est constitué d'un ensemble de barres (28) supportées par des tiges articulées (29), lesdites barres (28) comportant sur leur surface inférieure plusieurs cellules photovoltaïques (35) sur lesquelles sont ajustées des lentilles de Fresnel (36) et d'autre part le deuxième élément (2) est une toile constituée d'une succession de paraboles linéaires (30), celles-ci étant recouvertes par un réflecteur (31).10. blind or photo-generator awning according to claim 1, characterized in that on the one hand the first element (1) consists of a set of bars (28) supported by articulated rods (29), said bars ( 28) comprising on their lower surface several photovoltaic cells (35) on which Fresnel lenses (36) are fitted and secondly the second element (2) is a fabric consisting of a succession of linear parabolas (30), these being covered by a reflector (31).
11. Store ou vélum photo-générateur selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce qu'une lame perforée (32') ou un fil métallique ou en plastique (32) à mémoire de forme est agencé entre le réflecteur (31) et la toile (2) afin que chaque parabole (30) présente une largeur identique lorsque la toile (2) est complètement déployée.11. blind or photo-generating awning according to claim 10, characterized in that a perforated plate (32 ') or a metal wire or plastic (32) shape memory is arranged between the reflector (31) and the fabric (2) so that each parabola (30) has an identical width when the fabric (2) is fully extended.
12. Store ou vélum photo-générateur selon la revendication 11 , caractérisé en ce que plusieurs sangles (33) sont agencées à intervalles réguliers perpendiculairement aux paraboles linéaires (30) sur toute la longueur du store ou du vélum, l'une des extrémités de chaque sangle (33) étant solidaire du support (3), l'autre de ses extrémités étant solidaire d'un lambrequin (9) afin de maintenir le faisceau de chaque parabole (30) sur un seul plan.12. blind or photo-generating awl according to claim 11, characterized in that several straps (33) are arranged at regular intervals perpendicular to the linear parabolas (30) over the entire length of the blind or awning, one end of each strap (33) being integral with the support (3), the other of its ends being integral with a lambrequin (9) in order to maintain the beam of each parabola (30) in a single plane.
13. Store ou vélum photo-générateur selon la revendication 1 , caractérisé en ce que l'élément (1) est une toile constituée d'un film (16) souple et transparent entièrement formé de plusieurs lentilles de Fresnel (17) destinées à concentrer la rayonnement direct du soleil sur plusieurs cellules photovoltaïques (37) agencées sur la surface supérieure du deuxième élément (2), ledit deuxième élément (2) étant constitué d'un ensemble de barres (28). 13. Blind or photo-generating awl according to claim 1, characterized in that the element (1) is a fabric consisting of a film (16) flexible and transparent entirely formed of several Fresnel lenses (17) intended to concentrate the direct radiation of the sun on a plurality of photovoltaic cells (37) arranged on the upper surface of the second element (2), said second element (2) consisting of a set of bars (28).
14. Store ou vélum photo-générateur selon l'une quelconques des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un système d'inclinaison des toiles (1 , 2) comportant des vérins électriques commandé par une horloge.14. Blind or photo-generating awl according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a tilting system of the webs (1, 2) comprising electric jacks controlled by a clock.
15. Store ou vélum photo-générateur selon l'une quelconques des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un moto réducteur (39) destiné à pivoter lesdites toiles (1 , 2) par l'intermédiaire d'une couronne (40) agencée sur un support axiale (41) solidaire du store ou du vélum, ledit moto réducteur (39) étant commandé par une horloge.15. Blind or photo-generating awl according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a gear motor (39) for pivoting said webs (1, 2) by means of a ring gear (40). ) arranged on an axial support (41) secured to the blind or awning, said gear motor (39) being controlled by a clock.
16. Vélum photo-générateur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte deux glissières (23) positionnées de chaque côté latéral des toiles (1 , 2), des poulies (24, 25) étant agencées dans lesdites glissières (23) afin de maintenir tendu des câbles ou des courroies solidaire desdites toiles (1 , 2). 16. The photo-generating vellum according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises two slides (23) positioned on each side side of the webs (1, 2), pulleys (24, 25) being arranged in said slides (23) to maintain tensioned cables or belts secured to said webs (1, 2).
EP05821657A 2005-01-04 2005-12-19 Blind or awning photo-generator Withdrawn EP1836360A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0500028A FR2880371A1 (en) 2005-01-04 2005-01-04 Blind or awning photo-generator for converting solar energy into electrical energy, has units arranged under form of flexible sheet or bar arrangement, where one unit is superimposed on another unit at certain distance when they unfolded
FR0500029A FR2880372A1 (en) 2005-01-04 2005-01-04 Blind or awning photo-generator for converting solar energy into electrical energy, has units arranged under form of flexible sheet or bar arrangement, where one unit is superimposed on another unit at certain distance when they unfolded
FR0507005A FR2888046A1 (en) 2005-07-01 2005-07-01 Blind or awning photo-generator for converting solar energy into electrical energy, has units arranged under form of flexible sheet or bar arrangement, where one unit is superimposed on another unit at certain distance when they unfolded
FR0507637A FR2888991B3 (en) 2005-07-19 2005-07-19 EQUIPMENT FOR STORE AND VELUM PHOTOGENERATORS WITH VERY HIGH PERFORMANCE
PCT/IB2005/003812 WO2006072819A1 (en) 2005-01-04 2005-12-19 Blind or awning photo-generator

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EP1836360A1 true EP1836360A1 (en) 2007-09-26

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EP05821657A Withdrawn EP1836360A1 (en) 2005-01-04 2005-12-19 Blind or awning photo-generator

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US (1) US20080163984A1 (en)
EP (1) EP1836360A1 (en)
JP (1) JP2008527202A (en)
KR (1) KR20070104582A (en)
AU (1) AU2005323844A1 (en)
CA (1) CA2622620A1 (en)
IL (1) IL184344A0 (en)
MX (1) MX2007007915A (en)
WO (1) WO2006072819A1 (en)

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US20080163984A1 (en) 2008-07-10
MX2007007915A (en) 2007-11-06
WO2006072819A1 (en) 2006-07-13
JP2008527202A (en) 2008-07-24
KR20070104582A (en) 2007-10-26
CA2622620A1 (en) 2006-07-13
AU2005323844A1 (en) 2006-07-13

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