EP1834489A1 - Procede et dispositif de codage video - Google Patents
Procede et dispositif de codage videoInfo
- Publication number
- EP1834489A1 EP1834489A1 EP05850636A EP05850636A EP1834489A1 EP 1834489 A1 EP1834489 A1 EP 1834489A1 EP 05850636 A EP05850636 A EP 05850636A EP 05850636 A EP05850636 A EP 05850636A EP 1834489 A1 EP1834489 A1 EP 1834489A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- image
- decoder
- memory
- coding
- video
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 16
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000013139 quantization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006399 behavior Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011002 quantification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000011664 signaling Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/50—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding
- H04N19/503—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding involving temporal prediction
- H04N19/51—Motion estimation or motion compensation
- H04N19/58—Motion compensation with long-term prediction, i.e. the reference frame for a current frame not being the temporally closest one
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
- H04N19/102—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or selection affected or controlled by the adaptive coding
- H04N19/103—Selection of coding mode or of prediction mode
- H04N19/105—Selection of the reference unit for prediction within a chosen coding or prediction mode, e.g. adaptive choice of position and number of pixels used for prediction
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
- H04N19/102—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or selection affected or controlled by the adaptive coding
- H04N19/103—Selection of coding mode or of prediction mode
- H04N19/107—Selection of coding mode or of prediction mode between spatial and temporal predictive coding, e.g. picture refresh
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
- H04N19/134—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or criterion affecting or controlling the adaptive coding
- H04N19/142—Detection of scene cut or scene change
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
- H04N19/134—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or criterion affecting or controlling the adaptive coding
- H04N19/164—Feedback from the receiver or from the transmission channel
- H04N19/166—Feedback from the receiver or from the transmission channel concerning the amount of transmission errors, e.g. bit error rate [BER]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
- H04N19/169—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding
- H04N19/17—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being an image region, e.g. an object
- H04N19/172—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being an image region, e.g. an object the region being a picture, frame or field
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
- H04N19/169—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding
- H04N19/177—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being a group of pictures [GOP]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/46—Embedding additional information in the video signal during the compression process
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/50—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding
- H04N19/503—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding involving temporal prediction
- H04N19/51—Motion estimation or motion compensation
- H04N19/573—Motion compensation with multiple frame prediction using two or more reference frames in a given prediction direction
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/60—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using transform coding
- H04N19/61—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using transform coding in combination with predictive coding
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/85—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using pre-processing or post-processing specially adapted for video compression
- H04N19/89—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using pre-processing or post-processing specially adapted for video compression involving methods or arrangements for detection of transmission errors at the decoder
Definitions
- the present invention relates to video coding techniques.
- Inter-coding in which the motion between successive frames of a video clip is estimated so that the most recent image is coded relative to one or more previous images.
- a motion estimate is made in the sequence, the estimation parameters are quantized and sent to the decoder, and the estimation error is transformed, quantized and sent to the decoder.
- Each image of the sequence can also be coded without reference to others. This is called intra-frame coding.
- This mode of coding exploits the spatial correlations within an image. For a given transmission rate from the encoder to the decoder, it provides a lower video quality than the Inter encoding since it does not take advantage of temporal correlations between the successive images of the video sequence.
- a portion of video footage has its first Intra encoded image and subsequent images encoded in Inter.
- Information included in the output stream of the encoder indicates the images encoded in Intra and Inter and, in the latter case, the reference image (s) to be used.
- the image memory contains a window of N reconstructed images immediately preceding the current image (short-term images) and possibly one or more images that the encoder has specially marked (long-term images).
- the number N of short-term images stored in memory is controlled by the encoder. It is usually limited so as not to occupy too much resources of the stations in communication. The refreshing of these short-term images occurs after N images of the video stream.
- a problem of Inter coding is its behavior in the presence of transmission errors or packet losses on the communication channel between the encoder and the decoder. The degradation or loss of an image propagates on subsequent images until a new Intra coded image occurs.
- the mode of transmission of the coded signal between the encoder and the decoder causes total or partial losses of certain images. Such losses result, for example, from the loss or the late arrival of certain data packets when the transmission takes place on a packet network without guarantee of delivery such as an IP (Internet Protocol) network. Losses can also result from errors introduced by the transmission channel beyond the correction capabilities of the error correction codes employed.
- the encoder can then make coding choices to correct or at least reduce the effects of transmission errors.
- Current encoders simply return an Intra encoded image, that is, without reference to images previously encoded in the stream and possibly containing errors.
- Intra images can refresh the display and correct errors due to transmission losses. But they are of a lower quality than Inter images. Thus, the usual mechanism for compensating for image loss still gives rise to a degradation of the quality of the signal restored for a certain time after the loss.
- US Pat. No. 6,487,316 provides in one embodiment a selection of the acknowledgment mode according to the conditions observed on the channel between the encoder and the decoder, without, however, obtaining a satisfactory quality.
- An object of the present invention is to improve the robustness of a coded video signal to transmission errors when a return channel is present from the decoder to the encoder.
- the invention thus proposes a video coding method, comprising the following steps:
- coding successive images of a video sequence to generate coding parameters, the coding of at least one image being performed relative to at least one previous image of the video sequence, said previous image being temporarily stored in a memory of picture;
- - include coding parameters in an output stream to be transmitted to a station with a decoder
- the fast refreshing of the short-term images in the decoder (and encoder) image memory makes it possible to resume Inter coding following a loss of image only if the size (N) of the stored window is sufficiently large. .
- This adaptation of the size of the image memory allows the encoder to maximize the probability that at any time it has at least one reliable reference image to be able to restart the encoding in Inter following the detection of a loss of 'picture.
- the analysis of the return information further comprises a step of identifying an image not or badly restored by the decoder, and a step of controlling the coding means, in response to the identification of an image not or badly rendered, so that at least one subsequent image of the video sequence is encoded relative to at least one reference image stored in the image memory for a time greater than the evaluated delay of the return channel.
- the method For a given transmission rate, the method generally provides a better quality of video playback once the channel is restored.
- Another aspect of the invention relates to a computer program for installation in a video processing apparatus, comprising instructions for implementing the steps of a video encoding method as defined above in a execution of the program by a computing unit of said apparatus.
- Another aspect of the invention relates to a video encoder, comprising:
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing two stations in communication, provided with video coders / decoders;
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a video encoder according to the invention.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a video decoder capable of reproducing images coded by the coder of FIG. 2.
- the coding method according to the invention is for example applicable to videoconferencing over an IP network (subject to packet loss), between two stations A and B (FIG. 1). These stations communicate directly, in the sense that no video transcoding equipment participates in their communication.
- Each station A, B uses video media coded for example according to the ITU-T H.264 standard.
- stations A, B have agreed on an H.264 configuration including the establishment of a return channel.
- each station A, B is naturally equipped with both an encoder and a decoder (encoded).
- station A is the transmitter that contains video encoder 1 (FIG. 2) and station B is the receiver that contains decoder 2 (FIG. 3).
- decoder 2 FIG. 3
- the stations A, B are for example made up of personal computers, as in the illustration of FIG. 1, each being equipped with systems for taking and restoring video images, a network interface 3, 4 for the connection. to the IP network, as well as video conferencing software executed by the central unit of the computer.
- these programs rely on programs that implement H.264.
- the program is adapted to include the features described below.
- the codec can also be implemented using a specialized processor or a specific circuit.
- the described method can also accommodate coding standards other than H.264.
- the video image reconstruction module of the decoder 2 is also in the encoder 1.
- This reconstruction module 5 is visible in each of FIGS. 2 and 3; it is composed of substantially identical elements bearing the same reference numerals 51-57.
- the residue of. prediction of a current image F that is to say the difference calculated by a subtractor 6 between the image F and a predicted image P, is transformed and quantized by the encoder 1 (modules 7, 8 of Figure 2).
- An entropy coding module 9 constructs the output stream ⁇ of the coder 1 which includes the coding parameters of the successive images of the video sequence (parameters for prediction and quantification of the transformed residue) as well as various control parameters obtained by a module of control 10 of the encoder.
- control parameters indicate in particular what is the encoding mode (Inter or Intra) used for the current image and, in the case of Inter coding, the reference image or images to be used.
- the stream ⁇ received by the network interface 4 is subjected to an entropy decoder 11 which retrieves the coding parameters and the control parameters, the latter being supplied to a control module 12 of the decoder.
- the control modules 10, 12 respectively monitor the encoder 1 and the decoder 2 by providing them with the commands necessary to know the coding mode used, to designate the reference images in Inter coding, to configure and parameterize the transformation, quantization and filtering elements. etc.
- each usable reference image F R is stored in a buffer 51 of the reconstruction module 5.
- This contains a window of N reconstructed images immediately preceding the current image (short-term images) and possibly one or more images that the encoder has specially marked (long-term pictures or "long-term pictures”).
- the storage area of the window of N images is called here image memory.
- the number N of short-term images stored in the image memory is controlled by the encoder 1. It is usually limited so as not to occupy too much resources of the stations A, B. The refreshing of these short-term images occurs at end of N images of the video stream.
- control parameters obtained by the module 10 and inserted into the stream ⁇ also include any commands for marking and marking the images in the long term.
- the prediction parameters for the Inter coding are calculated in a known manner by a motion estimation module 15 as a function of the current image F and of one or more reference images F R.
- the predicted picture P is generated by a motion compensation module 13 on the basis of the reference picture (s) F R and the prediction parameters calculated by the module 15.
- the reconstruction module 5 comprises a module 53 which retrieves the transformed and quantized parameters from the quantization indexes produced by the quantization module 8.
- a module 54 operates the inverse transformation of the module 7 to retrieve a quantized version of the prediction residue. . This is added to the blocks of the predicted picture P by an adder 55 to provide the blocks of a pre-processed picture PF 1 .
- the pretreated image PF 1 is finally processed by a deblocking filter 57 to provide the reconstructed image F 'delivered by the decoder and recorded in its buffer memory 51.
- a spatial prediction is made in a known manner as the block coding of the current image F proceeds. This prediction is performed by a module 56 on the basis of the already available blocks of the pre-processed image. PF '.
- Intra coded parameters For a given coding quality, the transmission of Intra coded parameters generally requires a higher rate than that of Inter coded parameters. In other words, for a given transmission rate, the Intra coding of an image of a video sequence provides a poorer quality than its Inter coding.
- the selection between the Intra and Inter modes for a current image is performed by the control module 10 of the encoder, for example based on a detection of the changes of plan within the video sequence.
- a change of plane can be decided by a detector 16 of the video encoder 1 by observing whether the difference between two successive images of the sequence has an energy greater than a detection threshold.
- the image where a change of plane is detected is typically encoded in Intra, while the other images in the sequence are encoded in Inter.
- the control module 10 also manages the long-term marking of the images of the video sequence.
- each detection of a change of plane by the detector 16 may give rise to the long-term marking by the control module 10 of an image according to the detected plane change, preferably the first image following the change of plan.
- the control module 10 can address the decoder a markdown control of the (or) image (s) previously marked (s) long term.
- Intra but in Inter and preferably relative to a reference image contained in the image memory.
- the size N of this image memory is adapted from an evaluation of the delay T that the return channel presents. This evaluation is performed on receipt of each return information message transmitted by the decoder on the return channel. If the delay T is expressed as the number of frames in the video sequence, the number N of images stored in the image memory is greater than T, as long as this is compatible with the available memory capacities of the encoder and the decoder. If Q denotes the largest of the memory sizes (in number of images) allocatable to the buffer memory 51 at the level of the coder and at the level of the decoder, it is possible for example to take:
- N min (T + U, Q) where U is an integer equal to or greater than 1.
- the number Q may have been agreed between the two stations before the establishment of the H.264 coded stream.
- N updated after a new evaluation of the delay T is transmitted from the control module 10 of the encoder to that 12 of the decoder.
- this transmission can be done by updating the "parameter set sequence".
- the control module 10 of the encoder receives and analyzes the information of the return channel.
- the current image, of rank M is for example coded as follows:
- each recorded in the image memory for a time greater than the evaluated delay of the return channel, that is to say each of rank between MN and MT;
- the size of the image memory is adapted according to the evaluation of the delay of the return channel.
- the return channel can be organized in several ways.
- the control module 12 of the decoder 2 sends a message on the return channel each time it observes a loss, this message indicating the rank of the image lost or poorly restored.
- the delay T evaluated in this way is an estimate of the trip time between the coder and the decoder. The evaluation will be updated with the reception of the next message informing of a loss of image.
- control module 12 of the decoder 2 sends on the return channel acknowledgment messages images that have been well returned, designating them by their ranks.
- the delay T thus evaluated is also an estimate of the round trip time between the encoder and the decoder.
- the delay corresponds to the difference between the temporal references of the current image and the last well decoded image.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Compression Or Coding Systems Of Tv Signals (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0500171 | 2005-01-07 | ||
PCT/FR2005/003313 WO2006075070A1 (fr) | 2005-01-07 | 2005-12-30 | Procede et dispositif de codage video |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP1834489A1 true EP1834489A1 (fr) | 2007-09-19 |
Family
ID=34952765
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP05850636A Withdrawn EP1834489A1 (fr) | 2005-01-07 | 2005-12-30 | Procede et dispositif de codage video |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20080069202A1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP1834489A1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2006075070A1 (fr) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN106920276A (zh) * | 2017-02-23 | 2017-07-04 | 华中科技大学 | 一种三维重建方法和系统 |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8494049B2 (en) | 2007-04-09 | 2013-07-23 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Long term reference frame management with error video feedback for compressed video communication |
US8270307B2 (en) | 2008-09-05 | 2012-09-18 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Network-adaptive preemptive repair in real-time video |
US10887609B2 (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2021-01-05 | Netflix, Inc. | Techniques for optimizing encoding tasks |
US10484710B2 (en) * | 2018-03-21 | 2019-11-19 | Novatek Microelectronics Corp. | Video encoding apparatus and method |
CN117041581B (zh) * | 2023-09-22 | 2023-12-12 | 上海视龙软件有限公司 | 一种用于视频编码参数优化的方法、装置及设备 |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP3068002B2 (ja) * | 1995-09-18 | 2000-07-24 | 沖電気工業株式会社 | 画像符号化装置、画像復号化装置及び画像伝送システム |
US6968364B1 (en) * | 2000-03-30 | 2005-11-22 | Microsoft Corporation | System and method to facilitate selection and programming of an associated audio/visual system |
US20030012287A1 (en) * | 2001-03-05 | 2003-01-16 | Ioannis Katsavounidis | Systems and methods for decoding of systematic forward error correction (FEC) codes of selected data in a video bitstream |
US20030117505A1 (en) * | 2001-12-20 | 2003-06-26 | Sasaki Gary David | Intermediate memory for a digital camera |
-
2005
- 2005-12-30 WO PCT/FR2005/003313 patent/WO2006075070A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2005-12-30 EP EP05850636A patent/EP1834489A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-12-30 US US11/794,802 patent/US20080069202A1/en not_active Abandoned
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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None * |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN106920276A (zh) * | 2017-02-23 | 2017-07-04 | 华中科技大学 | 一种三维重建方法和系统 |
CN106920276B (zh) * | 2017-02-23 | 2019-05-14 | 华中科技大学 | 一种三维重建方法和系统 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20080069202A1 (en) | 2008-03-20 |
WO2006075070A1 (fr) | 2006-07-20 |
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