EP1832831A2 - Échangeur de chaleur pour système climatiseur d'air stationnaire doté de drainage d'eau condensée amélioré - Google Patents

Échangeur de chaleur pour système climatiseur d'air stationnaire doté de drainage d'eau condensée amélioré Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1832831A2
EP1832831A2 EP07075126A EP07075126A EP1832831A2 EP 1832831 A2 EP1832831 A2 EP 1832831A2 EP 07075126 A EP07075126 A EP 07075126A EP 07075126 A EP07075126 A EP 07075126A EP 1832831 A2 EP1832831 A2 EP 1832831A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heat exchanger
recited
louvers
cabinet
brazed
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP07075126A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Henry Earl Beamer
Robert Michael Runk
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Delphi Technologies Inc
Original Assignee
Delphi Technologies Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Delphi Technologies Inc filed Critical Delphi Technologies Inc
Publication of EP1832831A2 publication Critical patent/EP1832831A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F17/00—Removing ice or water from heat-exchange apparatus
    • F28F17/005—Means for draining condensates from heat exchangers, e.g. from evaporators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
    • F28D1/053—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight
    • F28D1/0535—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight the conduits having a non-circular cross-section
    • F28D1/05366—Assemblies of conduits connected to common headers, e.g. core type radiators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/12—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
    • F28F1/126—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element consisting of zig-zag shaped fins
    • F28F1/128—Fins with openings, e.g. louvered fins
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D2001/0253—Particular components
    • F28D2001/026—Cores
    • F28D2001/0273—Cores having special shape, e.g. curved, annular

Definitions

  • This invention relates to heat exchangers used in stationary or residential air conditioning systems, and particularly to a heat exchanger used in an outdoor cabinet of the type having a generally rectangular prismatic shape of limited height, depth and frontal area.
  • Stationary air conditioning systems employ an outside heat exchanger that exchanges heat with the outside or ambient air, and an indoor heat exchanger that exchanges heat with the indoor air.
  • the inside heat exchanger operates always as an evaporator (and generally only during warm months), while the outside heat exchanger operates only as a condenser.
  • the inside heat exchanger evaporator
  • the outside heat exchanger is subject to water condensation on its cold outer surfaces, while the outside heat exchanger is not.
  • the fan source of forced air flowing through the duct is generally more remote from the inside heat exchanger, so its shape and installation orientation are generally determined strictly by questions of drainage and available space, with no need to accommodate the shape of a proximate fan or blower.
  • the V may be oriented with the apex vertical, as seen in USPN 5062280, and a V shaped trough below would serve for drainage.
  • the core construction is instead a so called tube and center type, with flat flow tubes fed at opposite ends by manifold tanks, and corrugated fins brazed between the tubes, then it is the flat tubes which become the more convenient drainage surface, as opposed to the flat fins.
  • the core can be simply oriented with the tubes vertical, and the tanks above and below, with a trough below the lower tank. If it is desired to pack more heat exchange capacity into the duct space, a symmetrical V shape can be created by bending the tubes in the middle (which is far easier than bending the tanks) and the resulting V shape oriented with the bend at the bottom, and both tanks in a plate above the bend, as disclosed in USPN 5279360. A lower trough below the bend collects the condensate. The angle of the V bend is sharp, less than 90 degrees, so that the tubes are still close to a vertical orientation to drain well under the force of gravity.
  • Some indoor heat exchangers are incorporated not in ducts with remote air supply, but in wall mounted units with proximate squirrel cage type fans. Examples may be seen in USPN 5,918,666 and 4,958,500. In these units, horizontal space is more limited than the available vertical installation space. Consequently, a tube and flat plate fin type core is bent in a much more shallow V, and oriented with one tank above, one below, so that the flat fins are, if not vertical, at least oriented in vertical planes to enhance drainage. Again, a trough below the lower edge of the core collects condensate.
  • FIG. 1 Another typical configuration for outside heat exchangers is shown in Figure 1.
  • a cabinet that is basically a rectangular prism has a blade type puller fan oriented close to a large area front grill of the cabinet, pulling air therethrough and exhausting it out of an opposed rear grill.
  • One narrow side of the prism is occupied by various controls and componetry, and an opposed narrow side grill is available for air flow.
  • a ninety degree bend, L shaped expanded tube and plate fin core is used, which has a short section occupying the available side of the volume.
  • orienting the flat fins in vertical planes provides for good drainage.
  • the obvious replication of the core in a tank and flat tube brazed construction consists of horizontally oriented, bent manifolds, one above and one directly below, with vertically oriented flat tubes.
  • An example may be seen in USPN 5826649.
  • the manifolds are bent in a U shape, rather than an L, although an L shape with a 90 degree bend could be provided by the same basic method.
  • bending the manifolds, in order to allow for a vertical tube orientation is really only practicable with simple, thin walled tubular manifolds, which is what is disclosed in the patent.
  • the subject invention provides a flat tube and tank type construction capable of being installed in a rectangular prism shaped outdoor cabinet, in which most of the tube length is oriented vertically for good drainage.
  • the disclosed embodiment provides an equivalent capacity of an L shaped core, but the manifold tanks are straight and do not require bending.
  • the manifold tanks are both straight and substantially horizontally oriented, one at the top and one at the bottom, but the two tanks are not located directly in line with one above the other. Instead, one tank is offset relative to the other, with the flow tubes bent into a basic L shape as they extend from one tank to the other. The majority of the length of each tube is straight and vertical, so that most of the area of the core lies in a plane parallel to the front grill of the cabinet. Each shorter bent section of tube is bent not at a ninety degree angle, as in the prior art described above, but at a shallow angle relative to the horizontal that is just sufficient to allow condensed surface water to run along and drain of the shorter section of the tube.
  • the offset tank is the lower tank, and the lower tank is also tilted slightly, so that condensed water running down the tubes and hitting the lower tank also runs along the length of the lower tank to an end thereof, concentrating at a point for easier removal.
  • the environment for a heat pump system outdoor heat exchanger made according to the invention is a cabinet, indicated generally at 50, that has a generally rectangular prism shape, with a pre determined height H and depth D.
  • the width is not as significant to a description of the invention, but it is also, obviously, a pre determined limit on what can be installed inside.
  • Top and bottom of cabinet 50, labeled "T” and "B,” are defined relative to the force of gravity, acting from top to bottom.
  • vertical should be understood as parallel to the force of gravity, and, obviously, horizontal is understood as normal to vertical.
  • a front grill 52 admits ambient air pulled in by a blade type fan 54 that spins in a plane substantially parallel to the front grill 52, exhausting air out a rear grill 56.
  • cabinet 50 is very similar to that described above and illustrated in Figure 1.
  • a preferred embodiment of an outdoor heat exchanger made according to the invention is indicated generally at 58.
  • heat exchanger 58 fits within cabinet 50, in the available space between fan 54 and front grill 52 and below fan 54.
  • heat exchanger 58 is the so called tube and fin or tube and center type, sometimes inaccurately referred to as a "parallel flow" configuration, although it is, in fact, a cross flow heat exchanger.
  • Heat exchanger 58 is of the brazed, all aluminum type, rather than the less expensive, but less effective, expanded tube and plate fin type typically used.
  • Hollow manifold tanks, an upper tank 60 and lower tank 62 (differing only in location, not construction) act to feed refrigerant into and/or out of a plurality of parallel flat flow tubes 64, the ends of which extend into each tank 60 and 62.
  • a design would be very difficult to bend out of its straight line shape, either before or after the core brazing operation, and would thus not lend itself well to the kind of tank bending proposed in USPN 5826649 discussed above.
  • Tubes 64 are typically aluminum extrusions, as well, and while not as easy to bend as cylindrical copper tubing, are easier to bend (even to bend in the same plane as their width) than the tanks, as disclosed generally in USPN 5279360.
  • the symmetrical, sharply angled V shape disclosed there would not work in the environment involved here, however.
  • Brazed between the tubes 64 are corrugated fins 66, described in more detail below.
  • the heat exchanger 58 of the invention takes advantage of the space available within cabinet 50, with no appreciable change thereto, while providing good surface condensate drainage. This is done by bending each tube 64 into a general L shape, with a longer, straight section 64S and a shorter bent section 64B.
  • the longer straight tube sections 64S correspond to a flat section of the core which fits easily between the fan 54 and front grill 52.
  • the shorter, bent tube sections 64B correspond to an additional section of the core which provides extra refrigerant capacity and heat transfer, and fits within the available depth D of the cabinet 50 and below the fan 54.
  • FIG. 4 the drainage of condenser surface water along the surface of a tube 64 is illustrated.
  • the corrugated fins 66 brazed between the tubes 64 are of the type generally disclosed in co assigned USPN 5,669,438, also incorporated herein by reference.
  • corrugated fins like 66 having a crest brazed to and crossing the surface of the tube 64 every few millimeters, as best seen in Figure 6.
  • These brazed crests could act like serial dams to block downward flow, and are therefore not inherently conducive to efficient surface condensate drainage, even when the tubes 64 themselves are oriented vertically.
  • louver lengths while primarily directed toward more efficient convection heat transfer to the air, also provides an easier drainage path over and through a brazed fin crest, as seen in Figure 5, even when that brazed fin crest is oriented so as to block the natural drainage flow direction.
  • a bend angle of as little as 10 degrees allows water that has drained down the longer length 64S to "turn the corner” and run along and down the shorter length of tube 64B to the surface of the lower manifold tank 62, which will stop the condensate from running farther and allow it to drip off in a predictable line and collected in a trough or similar receptacle.
  • louvers 68L and 68T The primary purpose, historically, of the louvers 68L and 68T has been to break up the flow of air over the walls of the fin, and thereby preventing the kind of laminar air flow that would inhibit efficient heat transfer.
  • the fins 66 by orienting the fins 66 so that the lead louvers 68L are oriented in the same general direction as the natural direction of the water flow (down, and to the right, in the drawing), it is thought that water flow is less inhibited in its flow through the louvers 68L, to the extent that it does still drain through the louvers 68. Water will certainly tend to flow through the louvers 68L more readily than through the louvers 68T, given their relatively lower position, regardless of the louver slope direction.
  • an additional feature can be added to the orientation of the core of the invention to enhance drainage.
  • the entire heat exchanger 58 or the lower tank 62 can be given a slight horizontal tilt y of around 5 degrees. This does not disturb the still substantially vertical orientation of the tube straight sections 64S to any significant degree, but does allow the line drainage along the lower tank 62 to concentrate at the lowest corner, almost a point drainage, in effect.
  • bent tube sections 64B could be placed at the top of the available space, the entire heat exchanger 58 being flipped vertically, in effect, providing essentially the same capacity in the same volume. Or, an additional bent section could be provided at the top, providing more capacity, which occupying slightly more vertical space. Regardless, most of the core area and tube length would be vertically oriented, while the bent sections would provide more capacity without detracting from the outer surface condensate drainage.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
EP07075126A 2006-03-06 2007-02-13 Échangeur de chaleur pour système climatiseur d'air stationnaire doté de drainage d'eau condensée amélioré Withdrawn EP1832831A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US77963006P 2006-03-06 2006-03-06
US11/599,836 US20070204977A1 (en) 2006-03-06 2006-11-15 Heat exchanger for stationary air conditioning system with improved water condensate drainage

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1832831A2 true EP1832831A2 (fr) 2007-09-12

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EP07075126A Withdrawn EP1832831A2 (fr) 2006-03-06 2007-02-13 Échangeur de chaleur pour système climatiseur d'air stationnaire doté de drainage d'eau condensée amélioré

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US (1) US20070204977A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1832831A2 (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2013124096A1 (fr) * 2012-02-24 2013-08-29 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Échangeur de chaleur
WO2014059993A1 (fr) * 2012-10-16 2014-04-24 Dantherm Air Handling A/S Échangeur de chaleur
EP2799804A1 (fr) * 2011-12-28 2014-11-05 Daikin Industries, Ltd. Échangeur de chaleur et dispositif de réfrigération
US11277939B2 (en) 2019-01-22 2022-03-15 Hitachi Energy Switzerland Ag Evaporator and manufacturing method
US11656011B2 (en) 2019-01-22 2023-05-23 Hitachi Energy Switzerland Ag Condenser

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WO2008064238A1 (fr) * 2006-11-22 2008-05-29 Johnson Controls Technology Company Échangeur de chaleur multicanaux à tubes multicanaux dissemblables
US7900689B2 (en) * 2007-02-23 2011-03-08 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Bend relief spacer
WO2009018150A1 (fr) 2007-07-27 2009-02-05 Johnson Controls Technology Company Echangeur thermique a multiples canaux
WO2010017269A1 (fr) * 2008-08-08 2010-02-11 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Procédé et appareil améliorés pour plier un échangeur de chaleur à micro-canaux
ES2493540T3 (es) * 2008-08-15 2014-09-11 Carrier Corporation Aleta de intercambiador de calor que incluye rejillas
CN101782337A (zh) * 2009-01-20 2010-07-21 三花丹佛斯（杭州）微通道换热器有限公司 微通道换热器
US20110139425A1 (en) * 2009-12-15 2011-06-16 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Two row bent evaporator
GB201008099D0 (en) * 2010-05-14 2010-06-30 Eaton Williams Group Ltd A rear door heat exchanger
CN101949653B (zh) * 2010-09-29 2012-04-25 三花丹佛斯（杭州）微通道换热器有限公司 一种换热器
US20180299205A1 (en) * 2015-10-12 2018-10-18 Charbel Rahhal Heat exchanger for residential hvac applications
US11072916B2 (en) * 2018-08-21 2021-07-27 Carl D Coy Shower drain with non-threaded throat
US20210063089A1 (en) * 2019-09-03 2021-03-04 Mahle International Gmbh Curved heat exchanger and method of manufacturing

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US6439300B1 (en) * 1999-12-21 2002-08-27 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Evaporator with enhanced condensate drainage
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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2799804A1 (fr) * 2011-12-28 2014-11-05 Daikin Industries, Ltd. Échangeur de chaleur et dispositif de réfrigération
EP2799804A4 (fr) * 2011-12-28 2014-12-17 Daikin Ind Ltd Échangeur de chaleur et dispositif de réfrigération
WO2013124096A1 (fr) * 2012-02-24 2013-08-29 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Échangeur de chaleur
WO2014059993A1 (fr) * 2012-10-16 2014-04-24 Dantherm Air Handling A/S Échangeur de chaleur
US11277939B2 (en) 2019-01-22 2022-03-15 Hitachi Energy Switzerland Ag Evaporator and manufacturing method
US11656011B2 (en) 2019-01-22 2023-05-23 Hitachi Energy Switzerland Ag Condenser

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Publication number Publication date
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